Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
Z8,31~ ~lS326~
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~ISrNFECTANT'CL~ANER''COMP~SrTION
The present in~ention relates generally to pine
oil-containing disinfectant cleaners and particularly to
such cleaners which contain a very small amount of pine oil
but nevertheIess exhi'bit excellent germicidal activity
against gram negative'organisms. Such activity is due to
the fortification of such cleaners with alpha terpin~201.
Cleaning compositions containing pine oil as the
active germicidal ingredient are well known and have a wide
~ariety of household, institutional and janitorial uses ~see,
~or example, Pi'n'e'`O'i~ rmul'arY, Section B, Pine and Paper
Chemical-~ DeptO, ~ercules, Inc., p. 13-42). ~owever, in
order for such compositions to exhibit acceptable germicidal
effectiveness against gram negative organisms, either a large
}5 a unt of;pine oil must be used, or one or more additional
~' bacter~cidal components ef ective against gram negative
oxganlsms must~be incorporated into the formulation.
Large amounts of pine oil in these compositions,
howe~er~ result in a residue being left on the treated sur-
face. Such'a~residue is undesirable in that it imparts aslipp~ry feel'ing to the surface and al~o acts as a dust
; attractant. Fuxther, pine'oil iq toxic. The quaternary am-
monlum and phenoli~ compaunds ~hi'ch have heretQfore been em-
pl ffl ed as the additional bacterlcidal components are also
; 25 h~ghly toxic irritants and create serious odor and stability
~ problem~. Therefore, composition~ containing either o~
''~ these~compounds are like~ise'not particul~rly desirable as
consumer products,
It is accordingly an object of the in~tant inven-
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~1~326'~
tion to provide a low level pine oil containing composition which possesses
excellent bactericidal activity against gram negative organisms.
It is another object of this invention to provide such a composition
which has good consumer appeal due to the fact that it retains the characteristic
piny scent of pine oil containing compositions.
It is still a further object of the invention to provide such a
composition which possesses good stability.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will beccme apparent
from the ensuing description.
It has bsen discovered that when the amount of pine oil in a pine
oil containing composition is substantially reduoe d, and sufficient alpha
terpineol, a compound having the formNla:
~C ~
CH3
is incorporated into the composition, the composition posæ sses excellent
bactericidal activity against gram negative organisms. In addition, such a
composition retains a pleasant pine odor (the alpha terpineol actually contri-
butes to the piny scent), is relatively easily stabilized, and is less toxic.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a disinfectant cleaner
composition comprising (1) about 0 to 8 percent, by weight, pine oil; (2) suffic-
ient alpha terpineol such that the total alpha terpineol content of thecomposition is at least 5.6 percent, by weight; (3) about 5 to 12 percent, by
weight, of a nonionic or anionic surfactant; (4) about 6 to 12 percent, by
weight, of a stabilizer; and (5) water.
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In accordance with the present invention, the pine oil content of
the composition may ~e reduced such that it is present in an amount of akout
1 to 8 percent, by weight, of the ccmposition. Preferably, pine oil comprises
abou~ 3 to 7 percent of the composition. It is also within the scope of the
invention to remove all of the pine oil from the composition. ~owever, it is
to be noted that when pine oil is completely removed from the composition,
the strong pine scent is not present. A piny odor does rem~in, due to
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the presence of the alpha terpineol, but it ls weaker.
The alpha terpineol is present in the composition
in an amount such that the total weight percent of it is not
less than 5.6 percent. It being well known that alpha ter-
pineol is a principal component of pine oil, achieving this
critical weight percentage of alpha terpineol can be accom-
plished in one of three ways. First, pine oils ha~ing alpha
te~pineol contents of 70% a~d higher are readily commercial-
ly available and an amount of such a pine oil sufficient to
yield an alpha terpineol l.e~el of 5.6 percent can be incor-
porated into the'composition. '(For example, Glidco Pine Oil
150, made by SCM Glidden Organics, typically contains about
75~ alpha terpineol. Having Glidco Pine Oil 150 present in
the composition in an amount equal to 7.5~ will result in an
alpha terpineol content of ~ust over the critical 5.6 percent
leveI. Second, a smaller amount of pine oil (with a corres-
pondingly smaller amount of pure alpha terpineol) may be add-
ed to the composition, and an amount of pure alpha terpineol,
which is readlly c'ommercially available, is then added such
that the total alpha terpineol content of the composition-is
not less than 506'percent. Finally, the pine oil may be elim-
inated ~rom the'composition altogether, and at least 5.6 per-
cent of pure alpha terplneol is added. In this last case,
ho~ever, thé p~ny scent will not be as strong, as previously
noted.
As stated above,` the present invention's composi-
tion is easily stabilized, 'To this end, lower alkyl alcohols
and glycol compounds, such as propylene glycol and hexylene
: glycol, are'employed. A pre~erred stabilizer is isopropyl
alcohol. ~he stabilizer is present in an amount sufficient
to stabilize the composition. Generally, ~rom about 6 to 12
percent, by weight, of the stabilizer is used. Preferablyr
the stabilizer comprises from about 8 to 10 percent o~ .the
" compositionO In large part, how.ever, the amount of stabili-
: 35 zer requirea in a given ~ormulation will depend upon the
types and kinds of the remaining ingredients in the composi-
; tion and the optimum type and amount of stabilizer to be used
in a gi~en system is best determined by routine experimenta-
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tion.
A surfactant is also present in the composition to
aid in soil remo~al. Any conventional nonionic or anionic
surfactant or surfactant system (all of which are well known
in the art) may be employed, with the caveat again being
that routine experimentation would yield the optim~m surfact-
ant for a given formulation~ Examples of non-ionic surfact-
ants include ethoxylated alkyl phenols. T~pical anionic sur-
factants include alkali metal dodecyl benzyl sulfonates.
1~ Preferred surfactant systems are any of the C12 to C18 fat-
ty acids or a combination of more than one such acid, and
potassium hydroxideO The surfactant is generally present
in the compositlon in an amount of about 5 to 12, prefer-
ably 6 to 8, percent by weight.
Optlonally, e~hylene diamine tetraacetic acid
(EDTA) or a deri~att~e'thereof is ~ncorporated into the com-
position, thereby ~urther enhancing the germicidal activity
of the formulation. Although applicants do not want to be
bound by any theory,,it is believed that the EDTA (or deri-
vati~e) acts upon th~ cell wall of the gram negative organ-
ism in such'a ~ay that it is more easily penetrated by the
active ingredientg.
Preferably, ,the composition is adjusted to a pH
' of about 9 to 11, preferabIy 9.5 to 10~5. Should such an
adjustment be necessary, it is typically made by addition
of an alkali, such'as potassium or sodium hydroxide.
The remainder of the composition is comprised of
water, although additional ingredients, such as dyes, bright-
eners and the llke may be incorporated without departing
from the scope of the invention.
The following examples are illustrative of the
present in~ention but are not to be construed in any way as
a limitation thereof. Al~ parts and percentages are by
weight unless otherwise indicated.
_xamples l - 3
Stable compositions with a pine odor were prepar-
ed having ingred~ents as follows:
~3~6~7
Ex~m- Pine Alpha Ter- Stabil- Surfact- Dyes and
plle Oil* pineol izer** ant*** Water
1 8.0 2.0 9.1 7.125 ~.s. to 100
2 6.0 3.0 9.1 70125 "
3 4O0 4,0 9.1 7.125 n
Note: As Glidco Pine Oil 60, made by SCM Glidden
Organics,containing about 45% alpha terpineol
Isopropanol
A mixture`of tall oil fatty acid and ROH in a
ratio of about 5.5:1, the KO~ being present as a
45% solution.
Exam~
The compositlons of Examples 1, 2 and 3 were
tested for efficacy in killing gram negative organisms using
the Association of Oficial Analytical Chemists (A.O~A.C.)
Use Dilution Test, which appears in the A.O.A.C. Methods
manual, 13th edition (1980). The test is the official test
method recognized by the U.S. En~ironmental Protection
Agency (EPA) for registration and regulation of germicidal
compositions for disinfectant activity. The gram negative
test organ~sm employed was SalmoneIla choleraesuis, Results
of the A.O.A.C. Use-Dilutton Test fox the compositions of
Examples 1-3, wherein each composition was diluted as shown,
are set forth in TabIe 1 below. A score of 59/60 or 60/60
is considered a passing scoreO
TABLE I
E~ample Dilution
Product (parts product.l~arts water) Results
1 11l3666~4 60/60
No org~nic load was present.
It is seen that all these compositions were ef-
~ecti~e in killing gram negative organisms.
Example 5
; A composition is prepared as follows:
3~6 i~
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~eight Percent
Pine Oil* 1.0
Alpha Terpineol 6.0
Stabilizer** 8.0
Surfactant*** 8.0
Dyes and water q,s. to 100
*As Glidco Pine Oil 60, containing 45% alpha terpineol
**Propylene glycol
***Sodium dodecylbenzyl sulfonate.
The composition'is stable, has a piny odor, and
is effective in killing gram negative organisms,
Example 6
A composition ls prepared as follows:
~eight Percent
Alpha Terpineol 7.0
Stabilizer* 10.0
Surfactant~* - 8.5
Dyes, Brighteners and Water q.s. to 100
Ethanol
Triton X 100, an octyl phenol having about 9 moles
o~ condensed ethylene oxide, made by Rohm & Haas.
The'composition i~ stable, has a piny scent which
is not quite as pronounced as that of the composition of
~xample 5, and is effect~ve in killing gram negative
organisms.
~Xa~ples: 7 -- 9
Stable compositions, having a pine odor, were
prepared ha~ing the'follo~ing irlgredients:
. .... ~ : : 7 : :8: : 9
Glidco Pine Oil 60 ~4~% alpha
terpineol 4.0
Terpineol 350 ~100% alpha ter-
pineol) ~ade by SCM Glidden Organics 4.0 - -
pi~eol)
Glldco Pine Oil 75 (75% alpha ter-
pineol) made by SC~ Glidden
Organics - - 8.0
Tetràsodium EDTA 1.0 1.01.0
Isopxopyl Alcohol 9~19.1 .1
Tall oil fatty acid 6.
45% KOH .- 2.2- 2.22.2
Dyes and water qs to 100 qs to 100 qs to 100
` Example 10
The compositions of Examples 7, 8 and 9 were
evaluated for efficacy in killing gram negative organisms
using the aforementioned A.O.A.C. Use-Dilution Test. In
l:he testing, one part of each of the compositions was di-
luted with 64 parts water. The results are set forth in
Table II below.
TABL~ II*
Example
10Product gesults
7 59/60
8 59/60
9 60/60
No organic load was present.
15 It is seen that all three compositions were
effective in killing gram negative organisms.
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