Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
I
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the invention
The present invention generally relates to -the
art of making a concrete Welch is insulated both
on -the inside and on the outside by using a form work,
made of foam plastic material such as expanded polyp
styrenes as a mold into which the concrete mix is
poured, which mold is permanently secured to the
concrete after the latter has set.
Description of the prior art
In present day practice, a form work made of
wood or metal panels held together in spaced parallel
position by tie-wires and other appropriate connection
means at their ends, is used to build a concrete wall.
The form work is expensive and its mounting and disk
mounting are time consuming and thus also costly.
Furthermore, the resulting concrete wall is not
insulated.
form work has already been proposed which is
constituted by hollow modules fully made of insulating
foam plastic material; the modules being disposed and
stacked in the manner of a brick wall and concrete mix
briny thereafter poured into the assembled hollow
modules acting as a mold which remain permanently
secured to the concrete wall after the concrete has set.
In this manner, not only is time being saved in setting
up the form work on site-appropriate tie-wires and
tongue-and-groove joints being provided at the factory-
but there is no time wasted in dismantling the form work
as in the old practice. Also, the very advantageous
result is the production of a concrete wall which is
fully and permanently insulated both on the inside and
on the outside.
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However, these known insulated form works suffer
severe drawbacks.
Indeed, because these modules are quite light,
they tend to separate from one another by the pressure
built by the concrete mix when being poured. Because
of this, elaborate means must be provided, at the site
and outside the form work, to prevent such separation
caused by lifting of the modules as the latter tend to
float on the concrete mix, because of their lightness.
Also, the known form works are built, as said
above, from brick-like hollow modules molded in
factory and formed of a pair of foam plastic panel-like
sections held in space relationship by tie-wires or rods
of which the ends are solidly embedded in the foam
plastic, at the factory Roy result is that a module is
useful for making a concrete wall having only one pro-
determined thickness. It is therefore necessary for
the manufacturer to keep a large inventory of modules of
varying thicknesses to satisfy customers' demand.
Summary of the invasion
It is therefore an object of -the present
invention to propose an improved form work, of the above
-type, capable of avoiding -the aforesaid drawbacks.
This is achieved, on the one hand, by
manufacturing identical module sections as separate
members rather than immediately connecting them two by
two, at the factory, to produce complete modules; the
required tie-wire or rod means being made and supplied
separately. Appropriate provision has to be made, of
course, on the module sections to receive the tie-wire
means, but the latter are only applied on the construction
site.
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As will be gathered from the above, this
procedure makes it possible to supply always the same
module sections and separate -tie-rods thereby
appreciably reducing inventory since only the tie-rods
need be of various sizes suited for the desired wall
thickness. By the same token, volume is reduced so
that less space is required for storage and transport-
lion. This result is more specifically achieved by
embedding inserts in the ribs of the module sections,
to which reference is fully made hereinafter, which
inserts have apertures into which hooked ends of tie-
rods mockingly engage, thereby holding the module
sections in appropriate lateral relationship to form
modules.
Vertical coupling rods having hooked ends are,
on the other hand, provided to interlock with tie-rods
of stacked modules to prevent the latter from separating
upward under the pressure built by the concrete mix
when the latter is being poured. Thus, there is no need
to provide any additional structure, on the site, to safely
hold the modules in steady vertical position in relation
to one another, -thus preventing the above mentioned
lifting action.
More specifically and according to one aspect
of the invention, there is provided a form work module
section, made of foam plastic material, which is adapted
to serve as one wall of a module of a form work and which
comprises a panel, spaced ribs solid with the panel and
projecting from the panel inner face between the panel
upper and lower edges, and inserts embedded, each in one
of the ribs, the inserts being formed with -tie-rod
receiving-and-locking apertures; these apertures being
located at the upper and lower ends of the ribs short
of the panel upper and lower edges.
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According to a preferred form, the inserts may
be tubular members having hollowed ends opening a-t the
ribs upper and lower ends; these hollowed ends defining
-the aforesaid tie-rod receiving-and-locking apertures.
Alternatively, the inserts may be in the form of
channel-shaped members having ends projecting beyond the
ribs upper and lower ends; these members each having a
central web formed with holes located in the projecting
ends, these holes acting as the tie-rod receiving-and-
locking apertures.
Another aspect of the invention is a formworkmodule which comprises a pair of form work sections as
defined above, these sections being disposed in mirror
position and the form work module further comprising
tie-rods having hooked ends mockingly engaged into the
insert apertures.
Still another aspect of the invention lies in
a Earmark for making an insulated concrete wall and
comprising a pair of modules as defined above, which
modules are stacked one upon the other with adjoining
tie-rods disposed one above the other, in pairs, -the
form work further having coupling rods with hooked ends,
-these hooked ends interlocking with the tid-rods of
the aforesaid pairs for preventing vertical separation
of the form work modules as concrete is being poured
into it.
Other objects, features and advantages of -the
invention will become apparent from the following desk
Croatian having reference to the appended drawings and
given purely as an example as to how the invention may be
put into practice.
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Brief description-of the drawings
Figure 1 is a top plan view of two module
sections in -their-mirror position of use, while
Figure 2 is a side elevation view;
.5 Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of one
module section taken along line III-III of Figure 2
while Figure PA is an end view likewise of a-module
section;
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a form work
in the process of being erected, three modules being
shown interconnected;
Figure 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view
of the ends of two interconnected stacked modules, view
taken in a vertical plane containing two tie-rods, a
coupling rod and a reinforcing bar support;
Figure 6 is a side view of a coupling rod;
Figure 7 is a view similar to that of Figure 4
showing an alternative embodiment;
Figure 8 is a perspective view of an insert
member for the embodiment of Figure 7;
Figure 9 is avow similar to that of
Figure 5 but for the embodiment of Figure 7, and
Figures 10 and 11 are alternative forms of tie-
rods ion the embodiment of Figure 7.
Description of the preferred embodiments
-
Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, there is shown
two module sections 1 in their position of use, that is,
in mirror position. Each section 1, made completely of
foam plastic material as aforesaid, comprises a panel 3
having an outer flat face 5 and an inner flat face 7; an
upper edge 9 and a lower edge 11. Elongated evenly
spaced ribs 13 project from the inner flat face 7 between
the edges 9 and 11 and tiler upper and lower ends 15
and 17 preferably slope from the panel edges 9 and 11
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toward flattened tips 19 of the ribs 13, as shown in
Figs. 3 and PA. At least part of each ends 15 and 17
of the ribs 13 forms a flat wall located short of the
edges 9, 11, of the panel 3. This may be obtained by
cutting appropriate notches 21 and 23 figs. 3, 5)
through the sloping ends 15, 17. One insert, in the
form of a tubular member 25, is embedded in each rib 13,
its hollowed end opening in the flat walls of the notches.
As shown, the ribs 13 preferably have vertical
curved sides merging with the panel inner face 7 so that
concrete mix poured in the mold formed by the two
module sections 1 will produce a concrete column made
up of a succession of rounded sections joined by narrow
necks between the rib flat tips 19.
The module sections 1 are provided with con-
ventional tongues 27 and grooves 2g for connection to
adjoining modules 31, as illustrated in Fig. 4 where
three modules 31 are shown interconnected. These tongue
and groove joints of course prevent relative lateral disk
placement of adjoining modules 31 of the form work. As
mentioned previously, the modules 31 are laid in the
same manner as bricks in a brick wall. They are
rectangular in shape with appropriate overall dimensions
being lug inches in height and 48 inches in length; the
thickness being variable as said before. As the Earmark
it briny erected, horizontal reinforcing bars 33 may be
laid in the mold under formation in a manner described
below.
Figure 4 shows the two sections 1 of each
module 31 to be interconnected by resilient tie-rods 33
the assembly being made at the building site. The con-
section is best illustrated in Fig. 5. The resilient
tie-rods 33 have hooked ends mockingly engaged into the
hollowed ends of the tubular members 25 both at the top
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and at the bottom, in the notches 21, 23. Each hooked
end is formed of an inner part 35, flatly engaging the
bores of the hollowed ends of the tubular members 25,
and an inclined terminal part 37 in edge abutting
engagement with the bores so as to prevent accidental
withdrawal of the rods 31 from the tubular members 25.
Resilient coupling Rhodes are used to prevent
relative lifting of stacked modules 31 by interlocking
engagement of adjoining pairs of tie-rods 33 at the
bottom and at the top of the stacked modules. For this
purpose and as shown in Fig. 6, one end of each
coupling rod 35 is bent at an acute angle to form a
hook 37 adapted to firmly wind around the lower tie-rod
33 while the other end also bends in the same direction
lo but far less sharply and then rises to form a smooth
Jo hooking elbow 39. In use, when the tie-rods 33 have
; first been appropriately positioned in the tubular
members 25, the hook 37 is first wound around the lower
tie-rod 33 and the hooked elbow 39 is then snapped over
the higher tie-rod 33, as illustrated in Fig. 5.
Preferably, the tie-rods 33 are bent slightly at their
centers and toward oil another to form nicks 41
adapted to receive the hooks 37 and the elbows 39,
respectively Reinforcement bar supports may Advent-
juicily be provided, in the form of -the support rods 43
fixed at their centers -to the centers of the coupling
rods 35; the ends of the support rods 43 being bent in
the form of triangular troughs 44 for the seating of
reinforcement bars 45.
In the embodiment of Figs 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11,
the inserts embedded in the ribs 13 are channel-shaped
members 47 of which the ends project into the notches
21, 23 or simply from the slopes 15, 17, of Fig. 3
The central web 49 of the members 47 is formed with
I
holes 51, preferably elongated slots, one such hole
being in each of the notches 21, 23, -or immediately
above the slopes 15, 17 of Fig. 3. In this case, the
tie-rods 53 have hooked ends that define an open recess
engaged over the solid portions of the webs 49 that
circumscribe the holes Sly In Fig. 9, the open recess
55 is an open circle. In the variant of Fig. 10,
the open recess in the tie-rod 53' is U-shaped while in
the tie-rod 53" , it is a rabbit. In both tie-rods
53' and 53" , the terminal portions are bent over -the
main portions to provide flexible arms 55, SO' creating
a bias action to force the rods 53', 53" , against the
peripheral wall of the holes Sly The coupling Rhodes
and support rods 43 are the same as in jig. S.
lo The foam plastic used in the molding of the
module sections 1 is preferably expanded cellular
polystyrene made according to ASTM D1692-59T. It should
of course be homogeneous throughout its mass and be free
from any accumulation of unexpanded polystyrene particles
as well as of any foreign particles
Vertical reinforcement bars (not shown) may
of course be driven through the concrete mix after
pouring.
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