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Patent 2743035 Summary

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Claims and Abstract availability

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  • At the time of issue of the patent (grant).
(12) Patent: (11) CA 2743035
(54) English Title: SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AUTHENTICATING TRANSACTIONS THROUGH A MOBILE DEVICE
(54) French Title: SYSTEME ET PROCEDE POUR L'AUTHENTIFICATION DES TRANSACTIONS EFFECTUEES A L'AIDE D'UN DISPOSITIF MOBILE
Status: Granted
Bibliographic Data
(51) International Patent Classification (IPC):
  • G06F 21/30 (2013.01)
  • H04W 60/04 (2009.01)
  • G06Q 20/40 (2012.01)
  • H04W 12/037 (2021.01)
  • H04W 12/0431 (2021.01)
  • H04W 12/069 (2021.01)
(72) Inventors :
  • POON, DENNIS (Canada)
  • LAW, SIMON (Canada)
  • BURNISON, RICHARD (Canada)
(73) Owners :
  • STICKY.IO, INC. (United States of America)
(71) Applicants :
  • XTREME MOBILITY INC. (Canada)
(74) Agent: PERRY + CURRIER
(74) Associate agent:
(45) Issued: 2017-08-08
(22) Filed Date: 2011-06-14
(41) Open to Public Inspection: 2011-08-24
Examination requested: 2011-06-14
Availability of licence: N/A
(25) Language of filing: English

Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT): No

(30) Application Priority Data:
Application No. Country/Territory Date
2724297 Canada 2010-12-14

Abstracts

English Abstract

A user may claim to have not made or allowed a transaction and that the transaction was made in error. Where it appears the user has not authorized the transaction, the funds of the transaction are returned to the user, or are charged back. Systems and methods provide a way to confirm whether or not a transaction was actually authorized by the user, thereby settling a chargeback dispute for a previously executed transaction. The method comprises receiving the dispute regarding the transaction including associated transaction data, and retrieving a digital signature associated with the transaction data, the digital signature computed by signing the transaction data. The digital signature is then verified using a public key, wherein the public key corresponds to a private key stored on a mobile device. It is then determined whether or not the transaction is fraudulent based on a verification result of the digital signature.


French Abstract

Un utilisateur peut revendiquer navoir pas fait ou autorisé une transaction et que la transaction a été faite par erreur. Lorsquil apparaît que lutilisateur na pas autorisé la transaction, les fonds de la transaction sont retournés à lutilisateur ou sont crédités. Les systèmes et les méthodes offrent une façon de confirmer que lautorisation a été ou non donnée par lutilisateur, ce qui permet de régler une dispute relative à une transaction précédemment exécutée. La méthode comprend la réception de la dispute relative à la transaction, y compris les données de transaction associées, et lextraction de la signature numérique associée aux données de transaction, la signature numérique étant calculée lors de la signature des données de transaction. La signature numérique est ensuite vérifiée au moyen dune clé publique, où la clé publique correspond à une clé publique stockée sur un appareil mobile. La détermination du caractère frauduleux ou non est ensuite réalisée au moyen dun résultat de vérification de la signature numérique.

Claims

Note: Claims are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.


Claims:
1. A method for settling a dispute for a previously executed transaction, the
method performed
by a computing device, the method comprising:
registering a mobile device on the computing device to enable authentication
of
transactions entered into using the mobile device, the registering step
comprising
receiving from the mobile device a supplemental ID and a mobile device ID, the
mobile
device ID uniquely associated with the mobile device;
encrypting a secret key using the supplemental ID to form an encrypted secret
key;
storing the secret key on the computing device;
transferring the encrypted secret key to the mobile device to be stored on the
mobile
device;
authenticating a transaction resulting in an executed transaction;
after the transaction has been executed, receiving the dispute regarding the
previously
executed transaction including associated previously executed transaction
data, the
previously executed transaction data comprising a transaction invoice number;
retrieving a first message authentication code (MAC) associated with the
previously
executed transaction data, the first MAC computed by the mobile device by
applying a
MAC algorithm to the previously executed transaction data and the mobile
device ID;
computing a second MAC using the secret key, the secret key stored on both the

computing device and the mobile device, the second MAC computed by applying
the
MAC algorithm to the previously executed transaction data and the mobile
device ID;
and
67

determining the previously executed transaction was not performed by the
mobile device
when the first MAC and the second MAC are different.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the previously executed transaction is
determined to be
fraudulent when the previously executed transaction was not performed by the
mobile device
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining the previously
executed transaction
was performed by the mobile device and not fraudulent when the first MAC and
the second
MAC are equal.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the computing device receives from the mobile
device the first
MAC, the first MAC computed using the secret key.
The method of claim 1 further comprising determining whether or not a
subsequent
transaction is fraudulent by verifying subsequent MACs using the secret key,
and if the
subsequent MACs provide a subsequent verification result that is successful,
then the
computing device increasing a confidence value that the subsequent
verification result proves
the subsequent transaction is not fraudulent
6 The method of claim 1 wherein the previously executed transaction data
further comprises at
least one of an amount of payment, a date of the previously executed
transaction, a time of the
previously executed transaction, a shipping address, a billing address, a
purchaser's email, and
a purchaser's phone number
7 A non-transitory computer readable medium for settling a dispute for a
previously executed
transaction, the computer readable medium comprising instructions that, when
executed by a
computing device, cause the computing device to perform operations comprising:
registering a mobile device on the computing device to enable authentication
of
transactions entered into using the mobile device, the registering step
comprising
receiving from the mobile device a supplemental ID and a mobile device ID, the
mobile
device ID uniquely associated with the mobile device,
68

encrypting a secret key using the supplemental ID to form an encrypted secret
key;
storing the secret key on the computing device;
transferring the encrypted secret key to the mobile device to be stored on the
mobile
device;
authenticating a transaction resulting in an executed transaction;
after the transaction has been executed, receiving the dispute regarding the
previously
executed transaction including associated previously executed transaction
data, the
previously executed transaction data comprising a transaction invoice number;
retrieving a first message authentication code (MAC) associated with the
previously
executed transaction data, the first MAC computed by the mobile device by
applying a
MAC algorithm to the previously executed transaction data and the mobile
device ID;
computing a second MAC using the secret key, the secret key stored on both the

computing device and the mobile device, the second MAC computed by applying
the
MAC algorithm to the previously executed transaction data and the mobile
device ID;
and
determining the previously executed transaction was not performed by the
mobile device
when the first MAC and the second MAC are different.
69

Description

Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.


CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 SYSTEM AND IV1ETHOD FOR AUTHENTICATING TRANSACTIONS THROUGH A MOBILE
DEVICE
4 CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS:
100011 This application claims priority from Canadian Patent Application No.
2,724.297 filed on
6 December 14, 2010.
7 TECHNICAL FIELD:
8 10002] The following relates generally to authenticating and performing
transactions through a
9 mobile device.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
11 [0003] Unlike personal computers, which allow rapid completion of multi-
stage website-based
12 transactions through various human input devices, such as a computer
mouse and a keyboard,
13 mobile devices (e.g. mobile phones, personal digital assistants,
laptops, tablet computers, and
14 other wireless devices), which often have only one input device, offer a
frustrating, slow
experience when completing website-based transactions. Further, having to
provide data to
16 numerous vendors or service providers multiple times is inconvenient,
prone to errors, and is
17 ultimately less secure.
18 [0004] Some approaches have attempted to solve this issue by having the
transaction
19 completed in a single "click" by storing the relevant data on the server
system. Though such an
approach may alleviate users from having to provide data multiple times, a
mobile device user
21 may accidentally indicate an intention to complete a transaction. Such
accidents may be highly
22 inconvenient and costly, as the transaction may be irreversible or
otherwise unable to be
23 cancelled. At the very least, it is frustrating and time consuming to
attempt to reverse the
24 accidental transaction.
[0005] Other approaches, such as "form wizards" and password stores, attempt
to solve the
26 issue by storing relevant data by saving previously entered values in a
persistent store.
27 Unfortunately, some password stores and form wizards are insecure,
perhaps storing
28 passwords in plain-text or using weak encryption, being poorly
programmed and exposing
29 various vulnerabilities, or not requiring a password. Such insecure
characteristics may allow
unauthorized users of the device to have unrestricted access to the stored
values. Additionally,
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 this mechanism may not work across multiple vendors or service providers,
as each vendor or
2 service provider may require different representations or forms of data.
3 [0006] Often, website-based transactions are authenticated using only one
factor of
4 authentication, such as a username and a password. Further, some website-
based
transactions masquerade single-factor authentication as multi-factor
authentication by
6 requesting multiple items of information of the same authentication
factor, such as asking for
7 both a credit card number and a password. In such a scenario, providing a
credit card number
8 is not sufficient proof of having possession of a specific credit card;
rather, the credit card
9 number is simply known. A shared token, such as a credit card number,
which is provided to
any number of parties, does not have reasonably controlled access; hence, a
credit card
11 number is not a reasonable factor of authentication.
12 100073 It is also recognized that the traditional design and
implementation of m-commerce and
13 e-commerce systems are often comprised of separate servers and parties,
and such separation
14 lacks mechanisms to indicate and propagate an alert that an attack has
occurred, potentially
putting all parties at risk.
16 [0008] There are also unsafe client systems and mobile devices, such as
those with security
17 flaws in client browsers or related system libraries or those infected
with viruses, Trojans, key
18 loggers, or similar malware, which may allow an adversary to intercept,
or otherwise obtain,
19 sensitive or personally identifiable information, such as credit card
numbers, health card
numbers, driver's license numbers, etc. Such stolen information may result in
financial or
21 reputation loss, be used to commit other crimes, or be used in
conjunction with any number of
22 unauthorized, potentially illegal, activities. Such information may also
be stolen by physically
23 stealing a mobile device.
24 [0009] Similarly, unsafe server systems, such as those with inadequate
physical access
controls, poorly configured servers, applications, and/or firewalls, unsafe
data storage,
26 unnecessary prolonged retention periods, and/or weak or non-existent
encryption, etc., put card
27 holder data at risk of compromise. In attempt to eliminate such unsafe
practices, some
28 acquirers and acquiring processors require, prior to granting a merchant
a credit card
29 processing license, merchants to be PCI-DSS (Payment Card Industry Data
Security
Standards) certified. Though both merchants and card holders reap the benefits
of PCI-DSS
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
l certification, some merchants may not be able or willing to pay the
associated funds involved in
2 the PCI-DSS certification process (such as costs for penetration testing,
purchasing or renewing
3 SSL certificates, implementing adequate physical access controls,
changing existing systems to
4 comply, etc.).
[0010] From a user's perspective, when subscribing to, or doing business with,
many different
6 websites, a user will quickly collect numerous accounts, usually
consisting of an identity (often
7 referred as a "usemame") and a password. Although this could favorably
result in strong
8 compartmentalization (given each account could have a strong, unique
password), some users
9 become overwhelmed with the number of passwords they need to remember. In
effect, some
I() users choose passwords simple to guess or reuse the same password for
multiple accounts.
11 Unfortunately, this may result in the user's account being compromised,
which may result in
12 identity theft, monetary loss, or other similar unfavourable
consequences.
13 [0011j From another perspective, merchants, too, when accepting credit
cards, may be victim
14 to fraudulent activity, which may result in financial loss, reputation
loss, or a revocation of their
processing license. Typically, merchants that choose to accept credit card
transactions from
16 their website are ultimately financially liable for accepting fraudulent
transactions. To thwart
17 such fraudulent transactions, merchants have the option to use a method
called 3D Secure
18 (some well known implementations are available under the trade-marks
VISA's Verified By Visa,
19 MasterCard's MasterCard SecureCode, and JCB International's J/Secure),
which effectively
shifts the financial liability to the credit card holder's issuer, and
possibly to the credit card
21 holder. Though this reduces the financial risks assumed by merchants,
some merchants may
22 have chosen not to make use of 3D Secure due one widely criticized
component of some 30
23 Secure implementations.
24 [0012) One largely criticized component of 3D Secure has been seeming
relaxed
implementation restrictions, further worsened by the issuer implementation
decisions. The 3D
26 Secure protocol allows each merchant to decide how to present the credit
card holder's issuer
27 authentication webpage (notably, by using inline frames ("iframee), pop-
up windows, or
28 browser redirects). As a consequence, "phishing," or the unscrupulous
harvesting or collecting
29 of sensitive data from unsuspecting users, becomes a risk for the credit
card holder.
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 [0013] From the above it can be understood that methods and systems for
increasing security
2 during e-commerce and m-commerce transactions are highly desirable.
3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
4 [0014] Embodiments of the invention or inventions will now be described
by way of example
only with reference to the appended drawings wherein:
6 [0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an example embodiment of a
system for
7 authenticating a transaction initiated by a mobile device.
8 [0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an example embodiment of the
system in Figure 1
9 showing which data components are stored on the mobile device, payment
gateway,
supplemental server, and payment server, and the movement of data there
between.
11 [0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an example embodiment showing
the transfer of
12 information between the payment gateway, supplemental server and payment
server, to
13 authenticate a transaction.
14 [0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another example embodiment
showing the transfer
of information between the payment gateway, supplemental server and payment
server, to
16 authenticate a transaction.
17 [0019] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another example embodiment
showing the transfer
18 of information between the payment gateway, supplemental server and
payment server, to
19 authenticate a transaction.
[0020] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another example embodiment showing
the transfer
21 of information between the payment gateway, supplemental server and
payment server, to
22 authenticate a transaction.
23 [0021] Figure 7 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer
executable instructions for
24 registering a mobile device in association with a payment ID.
[0022] Figure 8 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer executable
instructions for
26 authenticating a transaction after the registration shown in Figure 7.
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
[0023] Figure 9 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer executable
instructions for
2 registering a mobile device in association with a payment ID using a
nonce value.
3 [0024] Figure 10 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer
executable instructions for
authenticating a transaction after the registration shown in Figure 9.
[0025] Figure 11 is a screenshot of an example GUI for a mobile device to
receive registration
6 information from a user.
7 [0026] Figure 12 is a screenshot of an example GUI for a mobile device to
receive a
8 supplemental ID comprising a CW during a transaction process.
9 [0027] Figure 13 is a screenshot of an example GUI for a mobile device to
receive a
supplemental ID comprising a password for 3D Secure during a transaction
process.
11 [0028] Figure 14 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer
executable instructions for
12 registering a mobile device in association with a payment ID.
13 10029j Figure 15 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer
executable instructions for
14 authenticating a transaction after the registration shown in Figure 14.
[0030] Figure 16 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer executable
instructions for
16 generating a digital signature.
17 [0031] Figure 17 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer
executable instructions for
18 using the digital signature of Figure 16 to settle a chargeback dispute
regarding a transaction.
19 [0032] Figure 18 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer
executable instructions of
another example embodiment for generating a digital signature and using it to
settle a
21 chargeback dispute.
22 [0033] Figure 19 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer
executable instructions of an
23 example embodiment for generating message authentication codes (MACS)
and using the
24 MACs to settle a chargeback dispute.
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 [0034] Figure 20 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer
executable instructions for
2 registering a mobile device ID and generating a private key.
3 pow Figure 21 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer executable
instructions for
4 authenticating a transaction using a digital signature signed by the
private key, after the
registration shown in Figure 20.
6 [0036] Figure 22 is a flow diagram illustrating another set of example
computer executable
7 instructions for authenticating a transaction using a digital signature
signed by the private key,
8 after the registration shown in Figure 20.
9 [0037] Figure 23 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer
executable instructions for
verifying a payment ID and a supplemental ID during a registration process,
with a mobile
11 device sending the supplemental ID directly to a verification module.
12 [0038] Figure 24 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer
executable instructions for
13 authenticating a transaction with the mobile device sending the
supplemental ID directly to the
14 verification module, after the registration shown in Figure 23.
[0039] Figure 25 is a flow diagram illustrating example computer executable
instructions for
16 authenticating a transaction and storing a supplemental ID for a
subsequent transaction.
17 DETAILED DESCRIPTION
18 [0040] It will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of
illustration, where considered
19 appropriate, reference numerals may be repeated among the figures to
indicate corresponding
or analogous elements. In addition, numerous specific details are set forth in
order to provide a
21 thorough understanding of the example embodiments described herein.
However, it will be
22 understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the example
embodiments described herein
23 may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances,
well-known methods,
24 procedures and components have not been described in detail so as not to
obscure the
example embodiments described herein. Also, the description is not to be
considered as
26 limiting the scope of the example embodiments described herein.
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
l [00411 The proposed systems and methods authenticate an m-commerce or e-
commerce
2 transaction originating from a mobile device. M-commerce or mobile
commerce herein refers to
3 any transaction, involving the transfer of ownership or rights to use
goods and services, which is
4 initiated or completed, or both, by using mobile access to computer-
mediated networks with the
help of an electronic device. -commerce, or electronic commerce, herein refers
to the buying
6 and selling of products or services over electronic systems such as the
Internet and other
7 computer networks.
8 (00421 Generally, a transaction, as described herein, includes an
authentication process and a
9 settlement process. The authentication process is used to authenticate
payment information.
Upon authenticating the payment information, in the settlement process, an
amount of value
11 (e.g. money, points, credit, etc.) is moved from one value account to
another. There are
12 multiple settlement methods and systems, which can be used in
combination with the principles
13 described herein. The proposed systems and methods relate to
authenticating the payment
14 information as part of the transaction.
[0043] In the proposed systems and methods, the mobile device undergoes a
registration
16 process and a transaction process. The registration process involves an
identification uniquely
17 associated with the mobile device being registered and stored in a
server system and stored,
18 either actively or inherently, in the mobile device itself. The mobile
device's identification is
19 referred herein as a mobile device ID. The mobile device ID may or may
not be generated
based on characteristics of the mobile device. The registration process also
involves verifying
21 the payment information and associating the mobile device ID with the
payment information.
22 Payment information includes, for example, a credit card number, an
expiry date, a bank card
23 number, a banking number, a debit card number, a gift card ID, a prepaid
card ID, points
24 account number, etc. In general, any such information used by the seller
to identify a payment
account can be referred to herein as a payment ID. The payment information, or
payment ID, is
26 verified using supplemental information. Non-limiting examples of such
supplemental
27 information include a Card Security Value (CSV), a Card Security Code
(CSC), a Card
28 Verification Value (CW or CW2), a Card Verification Value Code (CWC), a
Card Verification
29 Code (CVC or CVC2), a Verification Code (V-Code or V Code), or a Card
Code Verification
(CCV). Other non-limiting examples of supplemental information for further
verifying a payment
31 ID also include pins or passwords associated with the 3D Secure
protocols. The supplemental
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 information may also be a debit card PIN, an EMV PIN, an online banking
password, or the like.
2 The supplemental information may also be derived from, or be a form of,
biometric data (e.g.
3 voice data, finger prints, eye scan, etc.). Other supplemental
information for verifying the
4 payment ID can be applied to the principles described herein, and such
supplemental
information is herein referred to as supplemental ID,
6 [0044] In an example embodiment, the supplemental ID and payment ID are
not stored in a
7 permanent manner on the mobile device, given the sensitivity and high
security value of such
8 data. The server system, however, stores at least the payment ID and
mobile device ID in
9 association with one another.
[0046] In another example embodiment, the supplemental ID or payment ID may be
stored on
11 the mobile device. There can be, for example, conditions that determine
how the supplemental
12 ID and payment ID are stored.
13 [0046] It can be appreciated that the mobile device ID need not be
actively stored on the
14 mobile device, if the mobile device ID is generated from inherent
features of the mobile device.
Therefore, the mobile device ID can be retrieved from the mobile device by
merely identifying
16 the values of the mobile device's inherent features.
17 [0047] Upon completing the registration process, (e.g. registering the
mobile device ID and
18 verifying the payment ID and supplemental ID), a transaction can be
initiated using the mobile
19 device. Upon the mobile device receiving supplemental ID from a user,
the mobile device
sends the mobile device ID (stored in the mobile device) and supplemental ID
to the server
21 system. In other words, only the supplemental ID is required as user
input data to initiate and
22 verify a transaction. The server system, based on the mobile device ID,
retrieves the
23 associated payment ID, and then, using the combination of the payment ID
and supplemental
24 ID, is able to initiate verification of the payment ID. If the payment
ID is successfully verified, the
transaction is executed (e.g. the transaction is settled). Further details
regarding the registration
26 and transaction processes are described below.
27 [0048] It can be appreciated that an initial transaction can be combined
with the registration
28 process, whereby the information supplied in the registration is used to
execute the initial
29 transaction as well. However, further transactions subsequent to the
combined registration and
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 initial transaction can use the proposed methods and systems described
herein (e.g. a user only
2 supplying a supplemental ID).
3 [0049] Although the following examples are presented in the context of
mobile communication
4 devices, the principles may equally be applied to other devices such as
applications running on
personal computers and the like where appropriate.
6 [0050] For clarity in the discussion below, communication devices will be
commonly referred to
7 as "mobile devices". Examples of applicable mobile devices include
pagers, cellular phones,
8 cellular smart-phones, wireless organizers, personal digital assistants,
computers, laptops,
9 tablet computers, handheld wireless communication devices, wirelessly
enabled notebook
computers and the like.
11 [0051] In a typical embodiment, the mobile device is a two-way
communication device with
12 advanced data communication capabilities including the capability to
communicate with other
13 mobile devices or computer systems through a network of transceiver
stations, The mobile
14 device may also have the capability to allow voice communication.
Depending on the
functionality provided by the mobile device, it may be referred to as a data
messaging device, a
16 two-way pager, a cellular telephone with data messaging capabilities, a
wireless Internet
17 appliance, or a data communication device (with or without telephony
capabilities).
18 [0052] Further, the use of the terms "server", "server system", and the
like, refer to computing
19 devices that can comprise one or more servers that are networked
together. Additionally, the
functions of various servers as described herein may be combined into a single
server or server
21 system. It is appreciated that the servers and mobile devices have
memory for storing data
22 and computer executable instructions and processors for executing the
same.
23 [0053] Turning to Figure 1, an example embodiment of transaction system
is provided. A
24 mobile device '10 is shown in communication with a server system 8, for
example, through a
network connection 2 and a wireless gateway 4. Non-limiting examples of a
wireless gateway 4
26 include an 802.11 wireless router, GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node),
PDSN (Packet Data
27 Serving Node), or another similar component which serves as an access
point to another
28 network. The wireless gateway 4 allows the mobile device 10 to interact,
whether directly or
29 indirectly, with the server system 8. The wireless gateway 4 interacts
with the server system 8
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 through the network connection 6. The server system 8 is hereon referred
to as a payment
2 gateway or merchant server, as it operates in a chain between a consumer
interface (e.g. the
3 mobile device 10) and a payment entity, represented by the payment server
20. In an example
4 embodiment, the payment gateway 8 facilitates the authorization of
payments, facilitates access
to merchants, and calls functions of a payment server 20. It can be
appreciated that the terms
6 "payment gateway" and "merchant server" are herein used interchangeably.
As will be
7 discussed in more detail below, the payment gateway or merchant server 8
has databases 12
8 and 14 for storing information about mobile devices and payment accounts,
respectively.
9 However, the organization and number of databases can vary. An example
embodiment of
such a payment gateway or merchant server 8 is provided by Xtreme Mobility
Inc. or Admeris
11 Payment Systems Inc.
12 [0054] Continuing with Figure 1, the payment gateway 8 is in
communication with a payment
13 server 20 through a network connection 16. The payment server 20 is
associated with a
14 payment entity (not shown) that serves to process a payment or
transaction using m-commerce
and e-commerce methods. In one aspect, the payment server 20 transfers an
amount of value
16 (e.g. money, points, credit, etc.) from a user's value account (as
identified by a payment ID) to
17 another entity (e.g. in exchange for goods, products, services, etc.).
Non-limiting examples of
18 payment entities include credit card services (e.g. Visa, MasterCard,
American Express, etc.),
19 banking organizations, and third party banking services (e.g. Moneris,
First Data). In another
embodiment, the payment server 20 is the acquiring bank itself, which receives
the payment of
21 value from the user's value account. More generally, a payment server 20
charges the user's
22 value account in exchange for a service or good. The payment server 20
is therefore
23 interchangeably referred to as the acquirer.
24 [00551 The payment gateway 8 is also in communication with a
supplemental server 22
through a network connection 18. The supplemental server 22 hosts a
verification module 23,
26 which verifies the supplemental ID and payment ID. Example embodiments
of such verification
27 systems include a CVV or CSV server 24, which holds a database 26 for
storing CW and CSV
28 values (e.g. supplemental IDs) and associated credit card account
numbers (e.g. payment IDs).
29 Alternatively, or additionally in combination, the server 24 may be a 3D
Secure server and the
database 26 may hold 3D Secure passwords (e.g. supplemental IDs) and
associated credit card
31 account numbers (e.g. payment IDs). In another example embodiment, a
banking server 28
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
holds a database 30 that stores banking account information (e.g. payment IDs)
and a
2 password (e.g. supplemental 'Ds). In another example embodiment, a
verification server 32
3 obtains data (e.g. supplemental Ds) from a user through the mobile device
10 through retrieval
4 process 34, whereby the data is stored in association with payment IDs.
Examples of such data
can include voice data, biometric data (e.g. finger prints, eye scanner,
etc.), GPS data, etc. For
6 example, in the retrieval process 34, the server 32 contacts the user
through the mobile device
7 10 and asks the user for their favourite color. Such data or supplemental
ID is stored in
8 association with the payment information on the supplemental server 22.
9 [0056] The supplemental server 22 is also considered the issuer, which
issues an amount of
value from the user's value account. In other words, the user's value account
is stored or
11 controlled by supplemental server 22, also referred to interchangeably
as the issuer. An
12 example of such an issuer could be credit card entity (e.g. Visa,
MasterCard), a bank, or any
13 other entity holding an amount of value under a user's value account.
14 [0067] In another example embodiment, the supplemental server 22 (e.g.
the issuer) can be in
communication with the payment server 20 (e.g. the acquirer), and need not
communicate
16 through the payment gateway 8. The supplemental server 22 and the
payment server 20 can
17 communicate with each other through the network 21. For example, if the
supplemental server
18 22 is a Visa credit account (e.g. the issuer) and the payment server 20
is a retailer's bank (e.g.
19 the acquirer), then network 21 is VisaNet.
[0058] In another example embodiment, the operations and functions of the
supplemental
21 server 22 and payment server 20 may be combined into a unified server
system. In another
22 example embodiment, the functions and operations of the payment gateway
8 and the payment
23 server 20 may be combined into a unified server system. In another
example embodiment, the
24 functions and operations of the payment gateway 8 and the supplemental
server 22 may be
combined into a unified server system. In yet another example embodiment, the
functions and
26 operations of all servers 8, 20 and 22 may be combined into a unified
server system. It is also
27 appreciated that the connections 6, 16 and 18 may be wireless or non-
wireless (e.g. wired), or
28 both.
29 [0059] In particular, regarding the example embodiment where the
functions and operations of
the payment gateway 8 and the payment server 20 are combined into a unified
server system,
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
I the payment gateway 8 (e.g. now the acquirer) requests an amount of value
from the
2 supplemental server 22 (e.g. the issuer)
3 [0060] It can be appreciated that there are various types of settlement
methods, where money
4 can transfer or move between various entities to settle accounts.
[0061] Turning to Figure 2, another example embodiment of the authentication
and transaction
6 system is shown, including where information is stored during
registration and how information
7 is moved from one device to another during a transaction. The information
that is stored as a
8 result of the registration process is shown as part of the memory stores,
illustrated in solid lines.
9 The information that is transmitted during a transaction is illustrated
in dotted or broken lines.
One or more mobile devices 10A and 10N (e.g. each belonging to a user) may
communicate
11 with the payment gateway 8. Upon the completion of registration, each
mobile device 10A, 10N
12 stores in its memory 36A, 36N, respectively, at least a mobile device
ID. Other information
13 stored in the mobile device memory 36A, 36N may be a nonce nd personal
information (e.g.
14 name, birth date, address, etc.). In an example embodiment, a mobile
device 10 does not store
the supplemental ID nor the payment ID. Also, the memory stores of the payment
gateway 8
16 contain, for each mobile device, at least the corresponding mobile
device ID and payment ID.
17 Other information can include a nonce. In an example embodiment, the
payment gateway 8
18 does not store the supplemental ID. In another example embodiment, upon
successful
19 registration, it is also confirmed that the payment ID and supplemental
ID are stored on
supplemental server 22 or verification module 23, in memory 40. Likewise, the
memory 40 of
21 the supplemental server 22 can also store a nonce. The payment server 20
stores at least the
22 payment IDs for each of the users. It is appreciated that typically, the
supplemental ID and
23 payment ID are stored on the supplemental server 22 prior to the
registration process, and the
24 payment ID is stored on the payment server 20 prior to the registration
process.
[0062] In a transaction, after registration is complete and the required
information has been
26 stored in the mobile device 10 and the servers, the user may initiate a
payment from a payment
27 account, as identified by the registered payment ID. In an example
embodiment, the user only
28 enters the supplemental ID into the mobile device 10 (block 44) in order
to complete the
29 transaction and authentication. The mobile device ID, automatically
retrieved from the mobile
device's memory 36A, and the supplemental ID are transferred from the mobile
device 10 to the
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I payment gateway 8 (block 46). The payment gateway 8 then retrieves the
payment ID,
2 corresponding to the received mobile device ID, and sends both the
supplemental ID and
3 payment ID to the verification module 23 in supplemental server 22 (block
50). Upon the
4 supplemental server 22 (or verification module 23 therein) verifying the
received payment ID
and supplemental ID are authentic or correct as compared with the las stored
in memory 40,
6 then supplemental server 22 sends a verification result 50 back to the
payment gateway 8. If
7 the verification result confirms the supplemental ID provided by the
mobile device 10 is correct
8 or authentic, then the payment gateway 8 sends the verification result
and payment ID to the
9 payment server 20 (block 52), thereby allowing the payment server 20 to
complete the payment
from the payment account.
11 [0063] Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6 show various other
example embodiments for
12 authenticating a mobile device during a transaction process. For brevity
and as to not obscure
13 the description of the various transaction processes, the transaction
processes are described
14 onwards from the stage after the user has entered their supplemental ID
into the mobile device
10 and the mobile device 10 has sent the mobile device ID and supplemental ID
to the payment
16 gateway 8.
17 [0064] In Figure 3, during the transaction process, at block 190, the
payment gateway 8 sends
18 the payment ID and supplemental ID to the supplemental server 22 (e.g.
the issuer). Block 190
19 also includes a request for supplemental verification. The supplemental
server 22, upon
receiving the request for supplemental verification and verifying the IDs,
sends a verification
21 result to the payment gateway 8 (block 192). The payment gateway 8 then
sends the payment
22 ID and verification result (block 194) to the payment server 20 (e.g.
the acquirer). The payment
23 server 20 then sends a request for authorization for payment, payment ID
and verification result
24 to the supplemental server 22. The supplemental server 22, based on the
verification result and
payment ID, then issues or sends an authorization result for payment to the
payment server 20
26 (block 198). This embodiment is suitable for use, for example, where the
supplemental ID is a
27 3D Secure password and the supplemental server 22 is a Visa account
having Verified by Visa
28 systems and methods.
29 [0065] Figure 4 shows another example embodiment where the payment
gateway 8 sends the
payment ID, supplemental ID, request for supplemental verification, and
request for
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I authorization of payment to the supplemental server 22 (block 200). In
return, the supplemental
2 server 22 sends a verification result and an authorization result for
payment back to the
3 payment gateway 8 (block 202). The payment gateway 8 then transfers the
payment ID and
4 authorization result for payment, and optionally the verification result,
to the payment server 20
(block 204).
6 possi Figure 5 shows another example embodiment where the payment gateway
8 sends the
7 payment ID and supplemental ID to the payment server 20 (block 206). The
payment server 20
8 then sends a request for supplemental verification, a request for
authorization of payment, the
9 supplemental ID and the payment ID to the supplemental server 22 (block
208). The
supplemental server 22, upon verifying the IDs, generates an authorization
result for payment
11 and a verification result. The supplemental server 22 then sends at
least the authorization
12 result for payment, and optionally the verification result, back to the
payment server 20 (block
13 210). This example embodiment is suited, for example, to a supplemental
ID being a CW (or
14 the like).
[0067] Figure 6 shows another example embodiment of a transaction process,
where the
16 payment gateway 8 sends the payment ID and supplemental ID to the
supplemental server 22
17 (block 212). Upon the supplemental server 22 verifying the IDs, the
supplemental server 22
18 issues an authorization result for payment and verification result. At
least the authorization
19 result for payment and payment ID are sent to the payment server 20, and
optionally the
verification result as well (block 214).
21 [0068] From the above, it can therefore be appreciated that the Ds may
be transferred
22 between various entities in order for the supplemental server to verify
the supplemental ID and
23 payment ID, and to transfer the funds to the payment server 20.
24 [0069] It will be appreciated that any module or component exemplified
herein that executes
instructions or operations may include or otherwise have access to computer
readable media
26 such as storage media, computer storage media, or data storage devices
(removable and/or
27 non-removable) such as, for example, magnetic disks, optical disks, or
tape. Computer storage
28 media may include volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable
media implemented
29 in any method or technology for storage of information, such as computer
readable instructions,
data structures, program modules, or other data, except transitory propagating
signals per se.
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1 Examples of computer storage media include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory
or other
2 memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical
storage, magnetic
3 cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage
devices, or any
4 other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which
can be accessed
by an application, module, or both. Any such computer storage media may be
part of the
6 mobile device 10, payment gateway r 8, payment server 20, supplemental
server 22, or
7 combinations thereof, or accessible or connectable thereto. Any
application or module herein
8 described may be implemented using computer readable/executable
instructions or operations
9 that may be stored or otherwise held by such computer readable media.
[0070] Details regarding the different embodiments of the registration and
transaction
11 processes will now be discussed.
12 [0071] Figure 7 and Figure 8 provide example computer executable
instructions for an
13 example embodiment of a registration process and a transaction process,
respectively. Turning
14 to Figure 7, the registration begins by the mobile device 10 receiving
at least the supplemental
ID and payment ID, for example, from the user. The mobile device 10 may also
receive
16 personal information or ID, such as name, date of birth, address, etc.
At block 56, the mobile
17 device 10 sends at least the supplemental ID and payment ID to the
payment gateway 8.
18 [0072] In an example embodiment, the mobile device 10 does not store the
supplemental ID
19 and payment ID. In this way, the security of the payment ID and
supplemental ID are not at risk,
even if the security of the mobile device 10 is compromised (e.g. stolen or
accessed by an
21 adversary). It can be appreciated that information (e.g. the payment ID
and supplemental ID)
22 can pass through the mobile device 10, but not be stored on the mobile
device 10, since such
23 information is considered non-persisted information. In the same way,
the supplemental ID can
24 be treated as non-persisted information on the payment gateway 8, so
that the payment
gateway 8 does not store the supplemental ID. The non-persisted information
would be held in
26 volatile memory on both the payment gateway 8 and mobile device 10. In
some cases, this may
27 imply swap or various shared-memory strategies.
28 [0073] At block 58, the payment gateway 8 sends or forwards the
supplemental ID and
29 payment ID to the verification module 23 (e.g. located on supplemental
server 22). In an
example embodiment, the payment gateway 8 does not store the supplemental ID.
In this way,
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1 the security of the supplemental ID is not at risk, even if the security
of the payment gateway 8
2 is compromised. Moreover, the liability for security risk is reduced for
the payment gateway 8.
3 At block 60, the verification module 23 verifies if the received
supplemental ID and payment ID
4 are correct, for example, by comparing the received values with the
previously stored values of
supplemental IDs and payment IDs. At block 62, the verification module 23
sends a message to
6 the payment gateway 8, indicating if the supplemental ID and payment ID
received by the
7 mobile device 10 have been successfully verified. At block 64, if data
has been successfully
8 verified, then the payment gateway 8 generates a first mobile device ID
(mobile device ID1) and
9 stores the first mobile device ID and the payment ID in association with
one another, for
example in memory 38. The first mobile device ID is, for example, randomly
generated and
11 may include some value related to the mobile device 10 itself. In
another example, the first
12 mobile device ID may be derived from or include an inherent feature or
characteristic of the
13 mobile device 10. The payment gateway 8 then sends the first mobile
device ID (mobile device
14 ID1) to the mobile device 10 (block 66), so that the mobile device 10
can store the first mobile
device ID (block 68).
16 [0074] In another example embodiment, the mobile device ID is generated
before the
17 supplemental ID and payment ID have been successfully verified. In
another example
18 embodiment, the mobile device ID can be generated from any one or more
of the mobile device
19 10, the payment gateway 8, the payment server 20, or the supplemental
server 22.
10075] Turning to Figure 8, the transaction involves the user, through the
mobile device 10,
21 checking out an item or service for purchase from a e-commerce or m-
commerce retailer. For
22 example, the retailer's site (e.g. website or network site)
automatically directs the mobile device
23 10 to the payment gateway 8. Therefore, the retailer is not required to
host the payment and
24 transaction authentication processes on their servers or website. In an
example embodiment,
the transition from the website of the e-commerce or m-commerce retailer
appears to be
26 seamless, so that a user may not be aware the website or server host has
changed to the
27 payment gateway 8.
28 [0076] It can also be appreciated that the systems and methods described
herein can, for
29 example, operate on a web-browser interface and does not require an
additional application to
be installed on the mobile device.
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1 [00771 It can be appreciated that the retailer's account and payment
amount is already known,
2 as provided by the retailer's e-commerce or m-commerce website, and such
information can
3 also be passed through to the payment gateway 8 and to the payment server
20, so that the
4 payment server 20 can make a payment from the user's payment account to
the retailer's
account for the payment amount specified. However, the transaction system as
specified herein
6 does not require the user to enter in the payment amount, the retailer
information, or the user's
7 own payment information. The only required information to be entered into
the mobile device
8 from the user is the supplemental ID.
9 [0078] In particular, at block 70, the mobile device 10 accesses the
payment gateway 8 and
provides mobile device IDi to the payment gateway 8. At block 72, the payment
gateway 8
11 determines if mobile device 1D1 is present on the payment gateway. If
so, at block 74, the
12 payment gateway 8 retrieves the payment ID associated with mobile device
1D1. If not, at block
13 90, the payment gateway 8 initiates the registration process. Continuing
from block 74, at block
14 76, the mobile device 10 receives the supplemental ID (from user input)
and sends the
supplemental ID and mobile device ID, (as retrieved from the mobile device's
memory) to the
16 payment gateway 8. The mobile device 10 does not store the supplemental
ID. At block 78, the
I 7 payment gateway 8 retrieves the payment ID associated with mobile
device 1D1, and sends the
18 payment ID and supplemental ID to the verification module 23. At block
80, the verification
19 module determines if the received supplemental ID and payment ID are
correct, for example, by
comparing the received supplemental ID and payment ID with the supplemental ID
and payment
21 ID stored in the supplemental server 22. The verification module 23
sends the verification
22 results, for example a security token, to the payment gateway 8. If the
verification result
23 indicates that the supplemental ID is not verified or not correct, then
at block 92, the payment
24 gateway sends a message to the mobile device alerting that the
transaction is not approved. lf,
however, the supplemental IDs are successfully verified, then at block 82, the
payment gateway
26 8 sends the verification result (sent by the verification module 23) and
payment ID to the
27 payment server 20. At block 84, the payment server 8 authenticates or
determines if the
28 verification result is successful and, if authenticated, uses the
payment ID to execute the
29 payment. At block 86, the payment gateway 8 generates a new mobile
device ID, mobile device
102, which replaces mobile device ID1, and is associated with the same payment
ID. The
31 payment gateway 8 stores mobile device 102 and sends the same to the
mobile device 10. At
32 block 88, the mobile device 10 stores mobile device 102, and can delete
mobile device 101. In
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I this example embodiment, it is appreciated that a new mobile device ID is
generated during
2 each transaction to replace the previous mobile device ID in order to
prevent replay attacks.
3 The new mobile device ID (e.g. mobile device 102) will be used in the
next transaction as a
4 security check conducted by the payment gateway 8.
pan] In an alternative embodiment (block 94) for the transaction process of
Figure 8, at block
6 80, upon the verification module 23 successfully verifying the
supplemental ID and payment ID
7 are authentic, in addition to sending the verification result to the
payment gateway 8, the
8 verification module 23 also sends the payment ID and verification result
to the payment server
9 20 (block 96). At block 100, the payment server 20 executes the payment.
At block 98, the
payment gateway 8 generates mobile device 1D2 and sends the same to the mobile
device 10
11 for storage.
12 [0080] In another example embodiment, Figure 9 provides computer
executable instructions
13 for a registration process and Figure 10 provides computer executable
instructions for a
14 transaction process. Turning to Figure 9, at block 102, the mobile
device 10 receives, for
example through user inputs, at least the supplemental ID. The mobile devices
10 retrieves the
16 payment ID. Block 102 is similar to block 54, described earlier. At
block 104, the mobile device
17 10 generates and stores the mobile device ID. At block 106, the mobile
device 10 sends the
18 supplemental ID, the payment ID, and the mobile device ID to the payment
gateway 8. The
19 supplemental ID and payment ID are not stored on the mobile device 10.
At block 108, the
payment gateway 8 sends the supplemental ID and payment ID to the verification
module 23
21 (e.g. located in the supplemental server 22). At block 110, the
verification module 23 verifies if
22 the supplemental ID and the payment ID are correct and sends the
verification results to the
23 payment gateway 8. If successfully verified, the payment gateway stores
or saves the mobile
24 device ID and payment ID in association with one another (block 112).
The payment gateway 8
then generates a nonce value (e.g. nonce) that is sent to the mobile device 10
(block 114) for
26 storage therein (block 116).
27 [0081] In another example embodiment, the payment gateway 8 may store
the mobile device
28 ID and payment ID earlier, before the verification module 23 verifies
that supplemental ID and
29 the payment ID.
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(00823 At Figure 10, upon initiating a transaction, the mobile device 10
receives the
2 supplemental ID from the user, retrieves nonce, and the mobile device ID
from memory, arid
3 sends these values to the payment gateway 8 (block 118). At block 120,
the payment gateway
4 8 determines if the mobile device ID is present on the payment gateway 8,
and if nonce, is
correct. If so, at block 122, the payment gateway 8 retrieves the payment ID
associated with
6 the mobile device ID and sends the payment ID, mobile device ID, and
supplemental ID to the
7 verification module 23 (e.g. located on the supplemental server 22). At
block 124, the
8 verification module 23 determines the if the supplemental ID and mobile
device ID are correct.
9 If so, the payment is processed by the payment server 20 (block 126), for
example, by
propagating the verification result. At block 128, the payment gateway 8
generates and sends a
11 new nonce value (e.g. nonce2) to the mobile device 10, which replaces
the previous nonce
12 value (e.g. noncel). The new nonce value is associated with the mobile
device ID and the
13 payment ID. At block 130, the new nonce value is saved and is used for a
subsequent
14 transaction. The updating of nonce values is used to mitigate risk of
replay attacks.
[0083] In the example embodiment of Figure 9 and Figure 10, it can be
appreciated that the
16 mobile device ID remains static and does not change from transaction to
transaction. Moreover,
17 the use of nonce values, although preferred, is not required.
18 [0084] Further example embodiments and details of the above systems and
methods are
19 described below.
j0085] In an example embodiment, the mobile device 10 will persistently
retain, in a browser
21 storage mechanism (such as cookies, web-storage, local shared objects,
etc.), its mobile device
22 ID for further retrieval. The payment gateway 8 persistently maps or
otherwise associates in a
23 data storage mechanism 38 the mobile device ID with external or internal
data items (such as
24 system identifiers, or mobile device data or user data, such as the
public component of a key
pair) or entities (such as other services, service providers, or other
externalities), which, directly
26 or indirectly, partially or fully, identify the specific mobile device
10.
27 [0086] In another example embodiment, when the mobile device 10
indicates an intent to
28 complete a transaction, the mobile device 10 provides (such as through
the HTTP or HTTPS
29 request) or makes available (such as through client-side scripting) its
mobile device ID, along
with any data applicable to the transaction, to the payment gateway 8. The
payment gateway 8
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1 will use the mobile device ID to resolve mapped or associated data items
or entities to
2 authenticate the mobile device 10 (whether by data matching, external
system calls, or any
3 similar mediums).
4 [0081 In another example embodiment, the mobile device 10 is capable of
interacting with the
payment gateway 8 through protocols similar to HTTP (encrypted or otherwise).
The mobile
6 device 10 may access the payment gateway 8 with an application such as a
web browser, or an
7 application similar in function, whether partially or fully, to a web
browser. The mobile device 10
8 participates in transactions, or similar units of work, which accomplish
some goal, such as an e-
9 commerce or m-commerce transaction, publishing or retrieving content,
identifying a user,
confirming another transaction, and other similar goals.
11 [0088] In another example embodiment, the payment gateway 8 may
determine if the mobile
12 device 10 sent a mobile device ID with the transaction request. If so,
the payment gateway 8
13 may determine if the mobile device ID is valid. If so, the payment
gateway 8 may verify the
14 transaction with any or all associated available supplemental servers
24, 28, 32. If the payment
gateway 8 deems the transaction risk within an acceptable threshold, for
example, all or most
16 supplemental servers 24, 28, 32 reported a positive result, the payment
gateway 8 then
17 performs the transaction, submitting, as necessary, all data to any or
all payment servers 20 or
18 similar supporting mechanisms.
19 [0089] In another example embodiment, if the mobile device 10 provides
no mobile device ID
or an invalid mobile device ID to the payment gateway 8, the mobile device 10
is provided the
21 option to initiate a registration process with payment gateway 8.
22 [0090] In another example embodiment, if a transaction is unsuccessful
for any reason, the
23 mobile device 10 is notified. The payment gateway 8 may even retry the
failed transaction a
24 number of times, prior to notifying the mobile device 10 of the
unsuccessfully verification.
[0091] Details regarding the mobile device ID are described below. The mobile
device ID
26 uniquely identifies each mobile device. A mobile device ID is a value or
collection or set of
27 values, which, together, are able to identify one mobile device 10 from
all other mobile devices
28 '10. The proposed systems and methods do not depend on, or require, the
mobile device ID to
29 be in any specific format or presentation, nor does the mobile device ID
need to be derived by
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I or with any specific method or data. Further, the mobile device ID need
not be derived in a
2 consistent means or represented in a specific way. For example, the
method of generating the
3 mobile device ID can change from one transaction to another.
4 [0092] In one example embodiment, the mobile device ID is a composite
value which is
derived or created based on a combination of data provided by, or on behalf
of, the mobile
6 device 10. For example, the mobile device ID is based on one or more of
the following values:
7 subscriber identity information stored on a SIM (Subscriber Identity
Module) card, a NFC chip
8 (Near Field Communication), IMEI (International Mobile Equipment
Identity) of a mobile device
9 10, network-provided (via proxy injection, perhaps) information, a list
of web browser plug-
ins/add-ons, and, cookies, user agent, and other headers provided by a browser
on the mobile
11 device 10.
12 [0093] The composite type mobile device ID can be derived in multiple
stages. For example,
13 the payment gateway 8 may collect a web browser's user agent and retain
it, temporarily, until
14 any or all additionally required data, such as that which may be
collected only through execution
of a scripting language on the mobile device's browser, can be retrieved and
used to derive a
16 mobile device ID.
17 [0094] In another example embodiment, the payment gateway 8 uses data
sent on behalf of
18 the mobile device 10. For example, if the mobile device 10 is accessing
the payment gateway 8
19 through an Internet proxy (e.g. a WAP proxy, carrier proxy, corporate
proxy, BES, etc.), any
additionally provided data, such as phone numbers, carrier identification, or
proxy providers,
21 may be collected and used to generate the mobile device ID. Further yet,
even network-layer
22 information, such as IPs, ports, DNS names, etc. may be used in the
mobile device ID
23 derivation process.
24 [0095] In an example embodiment, derived, consequential, or point-in-
time data, or
combination thereof, may be part of the mobile device ID. Such data is
referred to as temporal
26 or ephemeral data. One example embodiment may use specific datums of the
mobile device
27 10, such as the GPS (Global Positioning System) coordinates, battery
temperature,
28 accelerometer readings, light levels (brightness of a room, for
example), SSID (Service Set ID)
29 or ESSID (Extended Service Set ID) of a wireless access point, LAN
(Local Area Network) IP
(Internet Protocol) address of a mobile device 10, etc. as potential
components of a mobile
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I device ID. The current ISP (Internet Service Provider), thus country,
city, and possibly
2 neighbourhood and location of residence of a mobile device 10 can also be
used to form the
3 mobile device ID. In such a case, even more detailed data, such as
economic status,
4 employment status, education level, behavioural characteristics, etc.
provided by external
systems, can be used as components of a mobile device ID. In general, various
measurable
6 characteristics of mobile device's environment may be used as components
in the derivation of
7 the mobile device ID.
8 [0096] It can be appreciated that when mobile device IDs are derived from
the above
9 ephemeral data or characteristics, the mobile device ID does not require
an actual storage
mechanism on the wireless device 10. In other words, the derived ephemeral
data may be
11 recomposed into a mobile device ID "on the fly", or when required during
transaction and
12 registration processes. It is recognized that the mobile device ID may
change over time using
13 such methods. To accommodate these resultant differences between the
derived (or re-
14 derived) mobile device IDs overtime, an example embodiment may use
Levenshtein distances,
phonetic indexing algorithms, varying methods of record linkage, or other
similar techniques. In
16 this way, it can be determined if the difference in a mobile device ID
at one point in time is
17 acceptably similar or associated with a mobile device ID at another
point in time. In other
18 words, the mobile device Ds do not necessarily need to be equal. Such an
example
19 embodiment accommodates differences between derived or re-derived mobile
device Ds, or
both.
21 [0097] It can therefore be appreciated that the mobile device ID can be
replaced by a new
22 mobile device ID and is associated with the payment ID for each
subsequent execution of the
23 transaction process. Further, during the transaction process, the
payment gateway compares
24 the mobile device ID received from the mobile device to the mobile
device ID previously stored
during the registration process to determine if they are similar, and if so,
authenticates the
26 transaction for execution (e.g. through the payment server 20).
27 [0098] In an example embodiment, the payment gateway 8 stores the mobile
device ID using
28 a relational database, object database, or "NoSQL" data store. In
another example
29 embodiment, the mobile device IDs may be stored in flat file storage,
XL, or JSON.
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I Preferably, although not necessarily, the mobile device Ds are protected
by adequate access
2 controls and may even be stored in a strongly encrypted form.
3 [00993 Another example embodiment of a mobile device ID is of the
surrogate type. A
.4 surrogate type mobile device ID refers to a surrogate value (e.g. a
value with no meaning
outside the responsibility of being an identifier) that is unique within the
payment gateway 8.
6 Such an embodiment does not require or depend on a surrogate identifier
to be derived by any
7 specific means, nor should such an embodiment require or depend on a
surrogate identifier to
8 be in any specific format. However, preferred candidates for a surrogate
type mobile device ID
9 have the below example characteristics:
= can be displayed as a series of human-readable characters;
11 = can be generated, calculated, or otherwise created relatively
quickly;
12 = can be created with a random component using a secure RNG (random
number
13 generator); and,
14 = should not contain sensitive information.
[00100] A Version 4 UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) meets all of these
characteristics
16 and is an embodiment using a surrogate type mobile device ID.
17 [00101] Although the mobile device ID is associated with sensitive
information on the
18 payment gateway 8, the mobile device ID itself, being a surrogate, in
one example embodiment,
19 is not considered (nor does it contain) sensitive information. Even
though the mobile device ID
alone is not sufficient to complete a transaction, the mobile device ID is
preferably reasonably
21 protected on both the mobile device 10 and payment gateway 8 and should
be transmitted over
22 a secure, authenticated channel, like HTTPS.
23 [00102] A mobile device 10 may store its mobile device ID in one (or
more) of many storage
24 mechanisms exposed to the mobile device 10. As most websites use HTTP
cookies to securely
store a session identifier, or similar sensitive (often transitive) data, one
embodiment uses
26 cookies as a reasonably secure storage mechanism for the mobile device
ID. Another
27 embodiment may use DOM storage (or web storage) as the storage
mechanism.
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 [00103] In another example embodiment, for example employed by a
SaaS (Software As A
2 Service) provider, may use a hybrid approach, using each of the surrogate
type and composite
3 type mobile device ID data. Different types of mobile device IDs may be
used for each client,
4 mobile device, transaction, etc. Further, another embodiment may even use
more than one
strategy, such as using a composite type mobile device ID with a fall-back
surrogate type mobile
6 device ID.
7 [00104] Normally, if the mobile device 10 is, a User-Agent or IP
address, and the IP
8 address changes, the mobile device 10 would need to be re-associated or
registered. In other
9 words, a new mobile device ID would need to generated to replace the
previously mobile device
ID. However, the embodiment may also use a 'fall-back' unique identifier,
which is a surrogate
11 string stored in a browser cookie. This 'fall-back' identifier may be
used to automatically re-
12 associate the mobile device 10 with the previous mobile device ID, or
may be used in place of
13 the pervious mobile device ID.
14 [00105] Details and embodiments regarding supplemental servers 20
or supplemental
verification services are described below. Supplemental systems normally are
used to
16 supplement authentication of a transaction with the payment server 20.
An example
17 embodiment of a supplemental server 20 may be of a BASE I system, with
which the payment
18 gateway 8 authenticates a transaction using a credit card number (e.g.
payment ID) and CVV2
19 number (e.g. supplemental ID). If the supplemental server 20 indicates
the CVV2 number
matches, or is correct, the payment gateway 8, along with the payment server
20, performs the
21 transaction, possibly through a service provider offering a BASE II. It
is appreciated that BASE
22 (Bank of America System Engineering) are processing networks, where BASE
I authorizes
23 transactions, and the BASE II clears and settles the transactions.
24 [00106] In an example embodiment where the supplemental server 22
is part of the
payment gateway 8 or payment server 20, or both, the combined transaction and
authentication
26 system can authenticate a transaction and execute the transaction in one
step. Such an
27 embodiment uses a single system as both a supplemental service provider
and a payment
28 service provider. A credit card processor that conditionally performs a
transaction based on the
29 outcome of a CVV2 verification is an example of such a supplemental
system. Though not
required by this invention, an example embodiment of this invention may
consume the
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
supplemental system last in a series of supplemental systems (22), sometimes
known as "last
2 participant". This can be a from of the supplemental systems 24, 28, 32
having different result
3 weighting schemes. For example. if two supplemental systems positively
authenticate a
4 payment ID and supplemental ID, and another supplemental system does not
authenticate the
IDs, then the other two supplemental systems' authentication results are
rolled back.
6 [00107] In another example embodiment, multiple supplemental
systems are used. For
7 example, in addition to verifying CW2, the transaction is authenticated
by using an external
8 embodiment of Address Verification System (AVS), or using an embodiment
of 3D Secure, or
9 both. Such embodiments further exhibit decision strategies, which
dynamically determine the
perceived risk of a transaction based on the verification responses from any
or all supplemental
11 systems. For example, an AVS failure may be acceptable if both CW2 and
3D Secure are
12 successful. In another example embodiment, different groups of
supplemental systems are
13 invoked in accordance to the derived, perceived, or provided economic or
social status of a
14 credit card holder in combination with a risk profile of a merchant.
[00108] Supplemental systems (e.g. server 32, operation 34) may be
biological (e.g. user's
16 eye color, retina scan, finger print, voice analysis, etc.). Other
verifiable facts include, for
17 example, a user's favourite color. When the supplemental server 32
attempts to verify the
18 provided response, the supplemental server 32 may contact, via an
Interactive Voice Response
19 (IVR) system or similar mechanism, a user's relative or partner to
verify the user's favourite
color.
21 [00109] Details and embodiments regarding the registration process
are provided below. A
22 re-association process can be used as a secondary step to the
registration process, in which
23 the initially or previously derived mobile device ID is replaced with
another mobile device ID. In
24 the re-association process, the former association between the previous
mobile device ID and
payment ID is received and used to associate a new mobile device ID with the
same payment
26 ID. This re-association is preferably used when using a surrogate-type
mobile device ID and a
27 temporal delta or difference in the mobile device ID may introduce an
additional audit trail. This
28 may be beneficial to determine how the mobile device ID has changed, as
well as when the
29 mobile device ID has changed.
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1 [00=110] In a case where the mobile device ID is purged or deleted
from the mobile device
2 10 (such as when a mobile device's browser cookies are deleted), re-
association may add
3 additional business intelligence. Business intelligence can refer to
reporting metrics to track the
4 identity of people and their action (e.g. what and when). This can be
used for quality assurance
and auditing, among other things. However, it is appreciated that there may be
risks, such as
6 information and data leakage, associated with re-association. Data
leakage can occur when an
7 adversary manages to "hijack" or re-associate the mobile device 10 with
data not formerly
8 associated with the adversary. For example, the adversary may attempt to
associate their own
9 mobile device with a user's mobile device ID, thereby stealing the user's
mobile device ID. The
impact of such attacks may be mitigated, for example, by making the payment
gateway 8
11 explicitly write-only. In other words, the adversary may not be able to
read the associated data.
12 Since authentication of a transaction still depends upon an additional
item (e.g. the
13 supplemental ID), the adversary would not be able to complete a
transaction even with a
14 hijacked association.
[0011.1] Further, another embodiment adds additional processes when re-
associating a
16 mobile device 10. For example, the user of a mobile device 10 may be
prompted to mail or fax
17 a photocopy of his or her drivers license, credit card statement, social
insurance number, or
18 other tangible evidence of the user's identity. It can therefore be
understood, that the
19 registration process may take on may embodiments, alone or in
combination with one another.
[00112] Other example embodiments are provided to further mitigate security
risk. For
21 example, MACS (Message Authentication Codes) of a mobile device ID may
be computed to
22 help reduce the likelihood of successful brute force attacks. Another
example embodiment
23 limits retry velocity to mitigate fraudulent transactions and to enable
triggering of an early-
24 warning system. Although the number and type of risk controls vary, the
proposed systems and
methods do not depend on nor require any specific risk control mechanism.
26 [00113] In one example embodiment of security risk control, MACs
are used in combination
27 with a mobile device ID to increase the certainty of authenticity of a
transaction. The MAC may
28 be computed using HMAC (Hash-based MAC), whereas another embodiment may
use CMACs
29 (Cipher-based MAC). Other MAC protocols may be used. The selected MAC
protocol should
reasonably verify the authenticity of a message. Accordingly, the payment
gateway 8
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 preferrably retains sufficient data to verify any issued MAC, such as the
secret key used to
2 produce the MAC.
3 [00114] During the mobile device ID derivation process, a MAC may
be calculated using a
4 secret key known only by the payment gateway 8. The MAC may then be
stored on the
payment gateway 8, possibly using the same storage mechanism used to store the
mobile
6 device ID. The MAC is then transferred for storage on the mobile device
10. The mobile device
7 10 stores the MAC in a fashion similar to that used for storage of its
mobile device ID.
8 [00115] During a transaction, the mobile device 10 sends, along
with all applicable
9 transaction data and the mobile device ID, the MAC provided by the
payment gateway 8. The
payment gateway 8 uses the provided transaction data, likely in combination
with the mobile
11 device ID, to verify the MAC provided by the mobile device 10. Should
the MAC not be
12 verifiable, the payment gateway 8, for example, revokes the specific
mobile device ID, denies
13 the transaction, notifies the system administrators, or other similar
actions. However, if, for
14 example, the supplemental ID provided by the mobile device 10 is
correct, as verified by the
supplemental server 20, then the payment gateway 8 may still elect to approve
the transaction.
16 [00116] Although MACs may be useful for checking the authenticity
of the request from a
17 mobile device 10, MACS may not provide the desired amount of auditing
performance. Some
18 embodiments that employ MAC checking do not inherently benefit from the
ability to determine
19 where the MAC was actually created. Embodiments with such audit
requirements may benefit,
instead, from digital signatures.
21 [00117] In another example embodiment, the security risk controls
include guaranteeing the
22 source of origin using digital signatures. Such an embodiment may employ
digital signatures to
23 accomplish this requirement. Although one embodiment could perceivably
accomplish this with
24 MACS, a payment gateway 8 that is either logically or physically
distributed may have several
signing keys, and each node in the payment gateway 8 may only have accesses to
a subset of
26 the signing keys. In such a scenario, verifying the actual message
against the actual signer
27 and, possibly, trust authority, may be more reliable and informative,
28 [00118] When the payment gateway 8 signs the mobile device ID, the
signature may be
29 sent to the mobile device 10. Upon receiving the mobile device ID and
the signature, the mobile
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
I device 10 stores the data in a storage mechanism (cookies. DOM Storage,
local shared objects,
2 etc.). When the mobile device 10 indicates an attempt to complete a
transaction, the stored
3 digital signature, along with the mobile device ID, may be sent to the
payment gateway 8. Upon
4 receiving the digital signature, the payment gateway 8 verifies that the
digital signature was
created within the payment gateway 8 and can verify the mobile device ID
against the signature.
6 This process is in addition to transmitting and verifying the
supplemental ID, as discussed
7 earlier.
8 [00119] Another example embodiment uses non-repudiation
approaches. In particular,
9 digital signatures are combined with a mobile device ID in order to
benefit from the non-
repudiation of origin. The introduction of non-repudiation of origin may
assist in determining the
11 liability of a party involved in a transaction, such as a transactor
(e.g. the person or user who is
12 the card holder initiating the transaction) disputing a credit card
purchase. It is appreciated that
13 non-repudiation normally is enabled when the mobile device 10 generates
its own private key
14 and adequately safeguards the private key with strong encryption.
[001203 In an example implementation of non-repudiation, the mobile device
10 generates a
16 key pair and send its public key to the payment gateway 8 during
registration. The payment
17 gateway 8 registers the mobile device 10 as per the above described
processes, but additionally
18 retains the public key of the mobile device 10. When a mobile device 10
makes a subsequent
19 transaction, the mobile device 10 may digitally sign either a portion or
complete set of data
associated with the transaction. An embodiment of this includes signing the
mobile device ID.
21 Alternatively, the transaction qualifications (price, quantity, date,
etc.) are signed by the mobile
22 device 10. These signing operations can be performed in addition to
implementing controls to
23 prevent replay attacks. When the payment gateway 8 receives the data
associated with the
24 transaction request, payment gateway 8 verifies the signed data, either
continuing as normal or
denying the transaction request in accordance to the verification result.
26 [00121] The above described key pairs and digital signatures can
be created using plug-ins
27 on the web browser of the mobile device 10. The same operations may be
also accomplished
28 with client-sided scripting languages or external applications. For
example, JavaScript can be
29 used to generate a key pair and create digital signatures. In another
example, a key pair is
created from an external application and digital signatures are created using
a browser plug-in.
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 [00122] In another example embodiment, revocation approaches can be
used as a security
2 risk control mechanism. Depending on how the mobile device ID is
generated, it is possible that
3 some embodiments of a mobile device ID have only a reasonable amount of
access control and
4 might become known, either by accident or intentionally. For example, it
is possible that an
adversary can extract the mobile device ID from a stolen mobile device 10,
although this alone
6 would be insufficient to authenticate a transaction. Further, packet
capturing tools, third-party
7 server logs, and other similar repositories of information and tools, may
perceivably be used to
8 intercept, derive, or recover a mobile device ID. Though some embodiments
may attempt to
9 mitigate this risk by implementing sequences, other embodiments may, in
addition to or in place
of, include a mechanism that will revoke, expire, unassociate, invalidate, or
otherwise nullify a
11 mobile device ID. Revoking the mobile device ID is preferably, although
not necessarily,
12 implemented in combination with other control mechanisms. Revocation can
be combined, for
13 example, with limiting retry attempts to reduce the probability of a
brute force attack being
14 successful. This is simply because a recovered, intercepted, or derived
mobile device 10 can
only be used a small number of times before the mobile device ID is nullified.
16 [00123] Another security risk control mechanism involves "retry
limiting", which limits the
17 rate (and associated risk) of accepting, and subsequently processing,
fraudulent transactions.
18 For example, if a mobile device ID is used to unsuccessfully complete a
transaction numerous
19 times in a short period of time, then the mobile device ID is revoked.
The revoked mobile
device ID can consequently discard originating transactions that used the
revoked mobile
21 device ID.
22 [00124] In another retry limiting example, a rolling expiration
policy used. In such an
23 example embodiment, a mobile device ID is revoked if the user of a
mobile device 10 fails to
24 successfully complete a transaction after making a predetermined number
of attempts (e.g. five
attempts) within a rolling time period (e.g. two minute window). In another
variation, a fixed time
26 window can be used in the alternative. A rolling time window herein
refers to a time window that
27 is reset after some time (e.g. minutes) after the most recent
transaction; the time window is
28 relative to the most transaction. A fixed time window herein refers to a
time window that is reset
29 after some time after the first transaction; the time window is absolute
as determined from the
first transaction.
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 [00125] In another retry limiting example, there are multiple
layers of rate limiting. In
2 particular. one layer is targeted at preventing the success of acute
brute force attacks and a
3 secondary layer is targeted at preventing the success of slow brute force
attacks, which may,
4 otherwise, escape immediate detection. For example, a rolling time window
is used on the first
layer, and a fixed time window is used on the second layer.
6 [00126] In another example embodiment of security risk control,
sequences are used, for
7 example, to facilitate detection of tampering or preventing replays
(whether accidental or
8 intentional). Importantly, the systems and methods described herein are
not dependent or
9 limited to the source or format of sequences. Randomly generated sequence
numbers, or
lexical sequences, or both can be used. The sequences are preferably
unpredictable to prevent
11 hijacking and large enough to prevent brute force attacks.
12 [00127] An example implementation of sequences in the context the
proposed systems and
13 methods includes, during the registration, the payment gateway 8
generating, or be provided, a
14 sequence value, which is stored on the payment gateway 8 and transmitted
to the mobile device
10 for storage thereon. When performing a transaction, the mobile device 10
submits the
16 currently stored sequence value, in addition to the transaction data,
mobile device ID and
17 supplemental ID. The payment gateway 8 checks the sequence value from
the mobile device
18 10 to ensure it is the same as the sequence value stored in the payment
gateway 8. If both
19 sequences match, the payment gateway 8 proceeds, as usual, with the
transaction. A new
sequence value is further generated and stored upon completion of each
transaction. if,
21 however, the sequences do not match, the payment gateway 8 can take any
one or more of the
22 following actions: re-synchronize the sequence values; weigh the cost of
a fraudulent
23 transaction and conditionally proceed; and, revoke the mobile device ID
completely.
24 [00128] In another example embodiment, the mobile device ID can be
generated to include
a sequence value, such that the mobile device ID is simply reissued for each
transaction.
26 Various data warehousing techniques, such as slowly changing dimensions
(type 2, 4, or 6, for
27 example), can be used to keep track of the sequenced mobile device IDs.
28 [00129] The following provide some example embodiments. However,
these examples are
29 not exhaustive and may be adapted to similar situations.
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 [00130] Example 1: Authenticating E-Commerce/M-Commerce
Transactions
2 [00131] The proposed systems and methods are used in an m-commerce
or e-commerce
3 transaction to reduce the risk of a fraudulent transaction, by ensuring a
user can reasonably
4 prove he or she knows a supplemental ID, such as a CW2 number or 3D
Secure password,
and can also reasonably prove he or she has physical access to a trusted
mobile device '10.
6 After a user has finished selecting products or services from a
merchant's website, the user will
7 click on an HTML submit button (or similar mechanism), indicating his or
her intent to complete
8 a transaction. The merchant's server system will direct the mobile
device's web browser to a
9 "checkout" webpage, summarizing the transaction details.
[00132] In an embodiment using a CVV2 number, when the known mobile device
10 (e.g. a
11 mobile device '10 that has successfully been registered) arrives at the
"checkout" webpage, the
12 payment gateway 8 will use the mobile device ID to retrieve the
associated credit card number
13 (e.g. payment ID) from memory 38. The payment gateway 8 then prepares a
credit card
14 transaction and prompts the user for his or her or CVV2 number (e.g.
supplemental ID).
Through the mobile device 10, the user provides his or her CW2 number and
submits the data
16 back to the payment gateway 8. The payment gateway 8 uses a supplemental
server 22 to
17 verify the CVV2 number. If the CVV2 number is successfully verified, for
example as indicated
18 by a confirmation code from the supplemental server 22, the payment
gateway 8 submits the
19 complete transaction, such as by submitting the credit card number and
CVV2 number to a
payment server 20.
21 [00133] lf, however, the CVV2 number is not successfully verified,
the payment gateway 8
22 retries or denies the transaction. In an embodiment wherein the payment
gateway 8 attempts to
23 retry a transaction, the payment gateway 8 requests from the user, a
second, third, or nth time,
24 either a correction to the information provided by the user or
supplemental information. The
payment gateway 8 then retries the verification process with the corrected
supplemental
26 information. Should the payment gateway 8 not successfully verify the
transaction after a third
27 attempt (or some other number reasonable to the circumstances), the
payment gateway 8
28 revokes the mobile device ID or denies the transaction, or both.
29 [00134] Should, however, the mobile device 10 arrive at the
"checkout" webpage and not
supply a known or valid unique identifier, or submit no unique identifier to
the payment gateway
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
8. the payment gateway 8 invokes the registration process or re-association,
by redirecting the
2 mobile device 10 to a webpage outlining the steps required to register or
re-associate the
3 mobile device 10. Alternatively, the payment gateway 8 denies the entire
transaction. Such a
4 decision could be made by external logic systems, human intervention, or
similar decision
mechanisms and/or processes.
6 [001351 Example 2: Authenticating E-Commerce/M-Commerce
Transactions
7 [001361 Another example embodiment is used in an m-commerce or e-
commerce
8 transaction to reduce the risk of a fraudulent transaction, by ensuring a
user can reasonably
9 prove he or she knows a PIN, or similar credential, such as a CW2 number,
and can also
reasonably prove he or she has physical access to the mobile device 10.
11 [001371 After a user has finished selecting products or services
from a merchant's website,
12 the user will click on an HTML submit button (or similar mechanism),
indicating his or her intent
13 to complete a transaction. The merchant's server system will direct the
mobile device's browser
14 to a "checkout" webpage, summarizing the transaction details.
[00138] When a known mobile device 10 (e.g. a mobile 10 that has
successfully been used
16 to complete the registration or reassociation process) arrives at the -
checkout" webpage, the
17 payment gateway 8 will use the mobile device ID to retrieve the
associated credit card number
18 from memory 38. The payment gateway 8 will then prepare a credit card
transaction and
19 prompt the user for his or her or CW2 number. The user will enter his or
her CW2 number into
the mobile device 10 (e.g. in the mobile device's web browser) and submit the
data back to the
21 payment gateway 8. The payment gateway 8 relays the transaction
information (e.g. credit card
22 number, CW2, amount, currency, etc.) to a supplemental server 22 also
serving as the account
23 issuer. The supplementary system will verify the CW2 number. If the CW2
number is
24 successfully verified, the supplemental server 22 submits the complete
transaction, such as by
submitting the credit card number and CW2 number to a payment server 20 (e.g.
the acquirer).
26 Conceivably, the supplemental server 22 and acquirer 20 may be the same
entity, thereby
27 hiding the contextual boundaries.
28 [00139] lf, however, the CW2 number is not successfully verified,
the supplemental server
29 22 can deny the transaction.
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 [00140] Another example embodiment includes the payment gateway 8
attempting to retry a
2 transaction denied by the supplemental server 22. In such an embodiment,
the payment
3 gateway 8 requests from the user, a second, third, or nth time, either a
correction to the
4 information provided by the user or supplemental information. The payment
gateway 8 then
retries the verification process with the corrected information or
supplemental information.
6 Should the payment gateway 8 not successfully verify the transaction
after a three (or some
7 other number reasonable to the circumstances) attempts, the payment
gateway 8 revokes
8 mobile device ID, denies the transaction, or performs some similar
action.
9 [00141] It is appreciated that the order of accessing entities may
further be changed. For
example, the payment gateway 8 may send all applicable transaction data to the
payment
11 server 20, which would then perform verification with the supplemental
server 22. Further, even
12 the payment gateway 8 or verification module 23 may be the initial
recipient of transaction data;
13 in such an embodiment, these systems may delegate responsibilities
accordingly.
14 [00142] Example 3: Enhancing Existing Protocols
[00143] Another example embodiment involves the use of existing
verification protocols,
16 such as 3D Secure (e.g. implementation provided under the trade-marks
Verified By Visa,
17 MasterCard SecureCode, or J/Secure) to ensure that a user is able to
prove he or she knows a
18 password. The proposed systems and methods use such verification
protocols to have a user
19 also reasonably prove he or she is making the transaction from a
specific trusted mobile device
10. After a user has finished selecting products or services from a merchant's
website using the
21 mobile device 10, the user will click on an FITML submit button (or
similar mechanism),
22 indicating his or her intent to complete a transaction. The merchant's
server system may direct
23 the mobile device's browser to a "checkout" webpage, summarizing the
transaction details. The
24 user then enters the requested 3D Secure password (e.g. supplemental ID)
into the merchant's
webpage. Upon submitting the password, the merchant's server system will
direct the mobile
26 device's browser, along with the necessary transaction details (for
example, in the current
27 specification of 3D Secure, this would include such things as credit
card number, credit card
28 expiry date, transaction amount, transaction currency, merchant
information, registration data,
29 like a message or transaction ID, nonce, etc.), to a single, unified,
consistent, easily-verifiable
implementation of 3D Secure, which is an embodiment of the proposed systems
and methods.
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
100144] When a known mobile device 10 (e.g. a mobile device 10 that has
been
2 successfully registered) is directed to such a unified 3D Secure webpage,
the mobile device 10
3 submits, either along with the original request (possibly as an HTTPS
(or, less likely, HTTP)
4 cookie) or in a subsequent request, its mobile device ID. The payment
gateway 8 uses the
mobile device ID to retrieve a profile of information associated with the
mobile device ID. and,
6 specifically, a collection of registered credit card numbers (e.g.
payment ID).
7 [00145] Using the card holder's 30 Secure password, the payment
gateway 8 then
8 determines the appropriate issuer ACS (Access Control Server) (e.g.
supplemental server 22)
9 and sends to the ACS the applicable 3D Secure data and password for
comparing with that
stored in the card holder's Issuer's data store. The authentication result
from the ACS is sent
11 back to the payment gateway 8. The payment gateway 8 transmits the
authentication result to
12 the merchant's payment service provider (e.g. the payment server 20),
possibly by an HTTP
13 redirect by the mobile device's browser.
14 [00146] If any one of the following conditions are applicable ¨
e.g. the credit card number
being used in the merchant's transaction is not known by the payment gateway
8; the credit
16 card is not enrolled in the 3D Secure program; the mobile device ID is
unknown or otherwise
17 invalid; and the mobile device 10 sends no mobile device ID ¨then the
payment gateway 8
18 redirects the mobile device 10, or strategically changes the HTML
response, to a webpage
19 delineating the applicable re-association (or registration)
instructions. In one embodiment, this
could entail an off-channel phone call to the credit card holder's issuing
bank, or, could require
21 the completion of a challenge-response mechanism.
22 [00147] Perceivably, instead of the mobile device ID transmitting
its mobile device ID along
23 with an HTTP request (such as how it would be sent when using cookies),
in a different example
24 embodiment, the mobile device 10 sends its mobile device ID to the
payment gateway 8 in a
second (or nth) request. This is orchestrated by a client-side script (such as
ECMAScript,
26 JavaScript, VBScript, ActiveX, etc.) or an embedded application or plug-
in (such as Adobe
27 Flash, Microsoft Silverlight, Oracle Java Applets, etc.) running on the
mobile device 10 to the
28 payment gateway 8. Though the order of operations may change, the result
of transmitting the
29 IDs to the payment gateway 8 is achieved in the various embodiments.
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1 [00148] The above embodiments are compatible with existing
implementations of 3D
2 Secure. Merchant systems currently using 3D Secure may not notice any
difference, as the
3 proposed systems and methods replace existing issuer authentication pages
(e.g. returned by
4 the directory server), serving as a proxy to an underlying issuer
authentication page.
[00149] Example 4: Controlling Access
6 [00150] Similar to Example 3, other embodiments are used to
control access to sensitive,
7 classified, or protected data by ensuring a user can reasonably prove he
or she knows a certain
8 verifiable fact about himself or herself and can also reasonably prove he
or she has physical
9 access to a trusted mobile device 10. Such embodiments control access to,
for example,
privileged medical information, community forums, corporate portals, and other
similarly
11 protected data.
12 [00151] The registration process requests personally identifiable
information (e.g.
13 supplemental ID), such as a social insurance number or drivers license,
which can be verified
14 by a supplemental server 22, operated by or on behalf of a credit
bureau, bank, or other
authority. If association is successful, the mobile device 10 is given the
derived mobile device
16 ID for storage, and the payment gateway 8 will persist the mobile device
ID.
17 [00152] When a known mobile device 10 (e.g. a mobile device 10
that has successfully
18 been used to complete the registration or re-association process)
requests to access such
19 protected data, the mobile device 10 submits, from a "log-in" page,
along with the original
request containing a username and password, as an HTTPS (or, less likely,
HITP) cookie, its
21 mobile device ID to the payment gateway 8. The user only needs to
provide the personally
22 identifiable information during the transaction process, and this is
also transmitted to the
23 payment gateway 8. The payment gateway 8 uses the mobile device ID to
retrieve profile of
24 information associated with the mobile device ID. In particular, an URL
of an authentication
supplemental system is associated with the mobile device ID, and the URL is
used to direct the
26 transmission of the personally identifiable information to the
supplemental system (e.g.
27 supplemental server 22), which is used to verify the provided personally
identifiable information.
28 [00153] Turning to Figure 11, Figure 12 and Figure 13, example
screenshots are provided
29 of graphical user interfaces (GUIs) used in the registration process and
the transaction process.
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1 The GUIs are to be displayed on a display of the mobile device 10. The
physical interfaces of
2 the mobile device 10 can be a touch screen, track pad, track wheel, track
ball, buttons, etc., or
3 combinations thereof, which can be used to interact with the GUIs.
4 [00154] In an example embodiment, the GUIs are hosted by the
payment gateway 8 and
are configured to appear as part of the e-commerce or m-commerce retailer's
website. In other
6 words, the e-commerce or m-commerce retailer does not need to facilitate
the transaction
7 authentication process. This reduces liability for to the e-commerce or m-
commerce retailer for
8 managing the payment ID and supplemental ID.
9 [00155] Figure 11 shows a screenshot 156 for a registration GUI.
Such a GUI is displayed,
for example, when attempting to complete a payment using a mobile device 10
that has not
11 been registered on the payment gateway 8. The screen shot 156 includes
tabs 132, 134, and
12 136 for selecting the display of payment information, details, and
address, respectively.
13 Selecting the detail tab 134 will show, for example, what is being
purchased, while selecting the
14 address tab 136 will show, for example, the address the service or item
is being shipped. It can
be appreciated that tabs 134 and 136 are optional. The payment tab 132 is
active and thus
16 shows the payment information. Transaction details 138 are displayed and
include the amount
17 of money 140 to be transferred from the user 142 who initiated the
transaction to the merchant
18 or retailer. Additional details 144 can be displayed, such as the order
or transaction number. It
19 is appreciated that the user does not need to enter the transaction
details 138, as this can be
automatically retrieved during the m-commerce or e-commerce shopping process,
from the
21 merchant's website.
22 [00156] Continuing with Figure 11, entry fields 146, 148 and 150
are displayed to allow the
23 user to enter in their credit card number, credit card expiry date, and
CW number, respectively.
24 It can be appreciated that entry fields 146 and 148 can generally be for
any payment ID, and
entry field 150 can generally be for any supplemental ID, as applicable to the
principles
26 described herein.
27 [00157] After the user inputs the payment ID and supplemental ID,
the user can select or
28 click on the button 152 in order to submit the information for
registration, and, in this example, to
29 also make a purchase if the registration is approved. Button 152 reads
"Pay Now With One
Touch", as the proposed systems and methods can be made available under the
trade-mark
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1 "One Touch". Optionally, if the user does not want to register their
payment ID and establish an
2 association with a mobile device ID, as per the proposed systems and
methods described
3 herein, the user can select or click on the button 154 to simply attempt
to complete the
4 transaction using the provided information (e.g. entry fields 146, 148,
150) and forego
registration.
6 [00158] Figure 12 shows a screenshot '158 of an example
transaction GUI using the CW
7 number as the supplemental ID. After registration has successfully been
conducted, so that
8 mobile device 10 has mobile device ID, and the payment gateway 8 has the
mobile device ID
9 and associated payment ID, the GUI in screenshot 158 appears when a user
initiates a
transaction and is "checking out". The transaction details 138 are
automatically displayed.
11 Furthermore, a payment ID indication 162, which indicates the payment ID
either in part or in
12 full, is displayed in the transaction GUI. The payment ID indication 162
in this example shows
13 that, based on the association between the payment ID and mobile device
ID, the user is
14 attempting to make a payment using a Visa credit card that ends in the
digits '4242' (164).
Preferably, only a part of the payment ID is shown, as is in this example, to
prevent an
16 adversary for retrieving the complete payment information. The payment
ID indication 162 is
17 retrieved from the payment gateway 8 and sent to the mobile device 10
for display. However, in
18 another example embodiment, there may be no display of the payment ID
indication 162 for
19 further security measure. Entry field 166 allows the user to input their
CW number (e.g.
supplemental ID). The user then selects or clicks on the button 168 to invoke
the mobile device
21 10 to send the CW number to the payment gateway 8, in order to complete
the transaction.
22 [00159] In another example transaction GUI, button 168 is not
displayed. Instead, the GUI
23 is able to detect the length of how many characters where entered into
the entry field 166.
24 Upon the GUI detecting that the required number of characters have been
entered (e.g. three
characters for a CW) in entry field 166, the supplemental ID is automatically
submitted. For
26 example, upon the mobile device 10 detecting that three digits have been
entered into entry
27 field 166, the three digits are automatically transmitted to the payment
gateway 8, which
28 forwards the same digits to the verification module 23.
29 [00160] Returning back to Figure 12, upon the mobile device '10
detecting that the button
'170 has been selected or clicked, the mobile device 10 will display another
GUI (not shown) that
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1 allows the user to switch payment accounts. It can be appreciated that,
in an example
2 embodiment, more than one payment ID can be associated with a mobile
device ID.
3 [00161] Figure 13 shows another example embodiment of a screenshot
172 for a
4 transaction GUI, whereby the supplemental ID is a password under the
Verified by Visa
supplemental verification system. The transaction details 174 are shown, and
include the
6 payment amount and the name of the merchant. The payment ID indication
162 is also shown
7 on the GUI. An entry field 176 allows a mobile device 10 to receive the
user's password for the
8 Verified by Visa system. The mobile device 10, upon detecting a selection
input or clicking on
9 the button 178, sends the password to the payment gateway 8, in order for
the payment
gateway 8 to send the corresponding payment ID and supplemental ID to the
Verified by Visa
11 supplemental server for verification. Optionally, upon detecting the
length of the password, if
12 the password length is standard, then mobile device 10 automatically
sends the same to the
13 payment gateway 8; the button 178 is not required.
14 [00162] Advantageously, as shown by the GUIs and the above
proposed methods and
systems, a user only needs to provide their supplemental ID to execute a
transaction. This
16 increases the security since less sensitive information is required.
Less information also means
17 that the time spent to execute a payment is reduced. The reduction in
time also increases
18 security. In particular, the time period for which the required
sensitive information is being
19 exposed, is reduced. From the user's perspective, the proposed methods
and systems reduce
the number of steps to complete transactions, making it fast and easy.
21 [00163] Other benefits include reducing the risk of accidentally
completing a transaction,
22 while still significantly reducing the number of inputs. By prompting a
user for supplemental ID
23 in the authentication process, which is fast, simple, and convenient to
provide, such accidental
24 transactions are avoided.
[00164] Risks of storing sensitive information, such as payment ID, or
supplemental ID, or
26 both, on the mobile device 10 are greatly reduced by shifting the
storage of such sensitive data
27 to an external, secured server system (e.g. payment gateway 8,
supplemental server 22). Such
28 external servers do not allow external read access and enforces strict
access control. The
29 association and retrieval of the data is made possible by the use of the
mobile device ID.
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1 [00165] It is also recognized that for the supplemental ID to be
considered reliable, there is
2 a requirement of at least reasonable access control. A shared token, such
as a credit card
3 number, which is provided to any number of parties, does not have
reasonably controlled
4 access; hence, a credit card number is not a reasonable supplemental ID
for authentication. By
assigning a mobile device ID, which has an assumption of reasonable access
control, that
6 uniquely identifies a mobile device 10, an existing single-factor
authentication system may
7 become a two-factor authentication system. Furthermore, by introducing a
supplemental ID,
8 such as a PIN or password, that is only known to the user and is not
persistently stored on the
9 mobile device 10 or the payment gateway 8, an attacker cannot complete a
transaction without
knowledge of the supplemental ID.
11 [00166] When systems or protocols are attacked, a characteristic
of good design is the
12 indication of such an attack to all parties involved. Unfortunately, the
traditional design and
13 implementation of m-commerce and e-commerce systems rarely exhibit this
characteristic,
14 potentially putting all parties at risk. Introducing an unpredictable
transaction sequence number,
which is generated and shared between the mobile device 10 and the payment
gateway 8 after
16 each successful transaction, when used in conjunction with the mobile
device's mobile device
17 ID, allows the payment gateway 8 to assert that a transaction is being
made by a mobile device
18 10 with knowledge of the current sequence. Accordingly, if the payment
gateway 8 identifies a
19 transaction out of sequence, the payment gateway 8 may inform all
parties (e.g. payment server
20, supplemental server 22) of potential tampering or compromise. In such a
scenario, the
21 payment gateway 8 may deny further transactions from the specific mobile
device 10 until the
22 issue is resolved.
23 [00167] Additionally, by reducing the number of times the IDs are
requested from a user, as
24 per some embodiments described herein, the risk of interception attacks
may be significantly
reduced or eliminated completely.
26 [00168] In another aspect, the proposed systems and methods allow
for a merchant to
27 outsource their credit card processing to a third party provider that
already has PCI-DSS
28 certification (e.g. the third party provider operating the payment
gateway 8), so that the
29 merchant may not have to undergo such certification for themselves.
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1 100169] In another aspect, a transaction, as described herein, is
dependent on the physical
2 mobile device 10 from which the transaction is being initiated. As
described herein, by limiting
3 or specifying a particular mobile device 10 using the mobile device ID,
only one physical mobile
4 device 10 is able to log-in to, or perform authorized commands in
relation to the payment
gateway 8 with a user's account. Thus, an attacker cannot use another mobile
device 10 to
6 commit fraudulent activities.
7 [00170] It is further recognized that issuers are not required to
follow strict implementation
8 rules, resulting in inconsistent authentication webpages that are
difficult to verify (unlike, for
9 example, if the authentication page would be hosted on an expected
domain, such as
"vbv.visa.com" or "securecode.mastercard.com"). By introducing a single
uniform, consistent,
11 recognisable, and well-known authentication webpage, credit card holders
may be more
12 attentive to minor (and major) subtleties, which may be present in
phishing websites. Indeed,
13 by creating a single dedicated domain responsible for issuer
authentication, such as a domain
14 hosted on by the payment gateway 8, credit card holders may be more
willing and able to verify
the SSL certificate and URL to ensure he or she has arrived at the official
issue authentication
16 webpage. Moreover, by presenting the credit card holder with familiar,
verifiable personal
17 information (e.g. supplemental ID), the credit card holder may have even
more certainty he or
18 she is communicating with the legitimate 30 Secure authority.
19 [001711 In general, a system is provided for authenticating a
transaction on a mobile device.
The system comprises a mobile device in communication with a payment gateway,
the payment
21 gateway in communication with a verification module. In a registration
process: the mobile
22 device is configured to receive at least a payment ID of a payment
account and a supplemental
23 ID for verifying the payment ID, and transmit the payment ID and
supplemental ID to the
24 payment gateway; the payment gateway is configured to send the payment
ID and the
supplemental ID to the verification module, the verification module configured
to verify the
26 supplemental ID and the payment ID; and, at least one of the mobile
device and the payment
27 gateway configured to, upon the payment gateway receiving a verification
result from the
28 verification module that the payment ID and the supplemental ID are
successfully verified,
29 generate a mobile device ID, the mobile device ID stored on the mobile
device and stored on
the payment gateway in association with the payment ID.
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[00172] in a transaction process: the mobile device is configured to
receive the
2 supplemental ID and send the supplemental ID and the mobile device ID to
the payment
3 gateway; the payment gateway is configured to retrieve the payment ID
associated with the
4 received mobile device ID and send the payment ID and the supplemental ID
to the verification
module for verification; and, upon the payment gateway receiving another
verification result
6 from the verification module that the supplemental ID and the payment ID
are successfully
7 verified, the payment gateway configured to execute the transaction.
8 [00173] In another aspect, the mobile device is configured to send
at least one of the
9 supplemental ID and the payment ID without storing the supplemental ID
and the payment ID on
the mobile device. In another aspect, the operations of the payment gateway
and the
11 verification module are combined into a unified server. In another
aspect, the payment gateway
12 executes the transaction via a payment server, the payment server in
communication with at
13 least one of the payment gateway and the verification module.
14 [00174] In general, there is also provided a system for
authenticating a transaction. The
system comprises a payment gateway, a verification module and a payment
server. The
16 payment gateway is in communication with at least one of the payment
server and the
17 verification module, the payment gateway having stored thereon a mobile
device ID in
18 association with a payment ID. The payment server is in communication
with at least one of the
19 payment gateway and the verification module. In a transaction: the
payment gateway is
configured to receive the mobile device ID and a supplemental ID, the
supplemental ID for
21 verifying the payment ID; the payment gateway is configured to retrieve
the payment ID
22 associated with the mobile device ID, and configured to send the payment
ID and the
23 supplemental ID to the verification module; and, upon the verification
module successfully
24 verifying the payment ID and supplemental ID, the payment server
configured to execute the
transaction.
26 [001761 In another aspect, a mobile device is in communication
with the payment gateway,
27 wherein the mobile device is configured to send the mobile device ID and
the supplemental ID
28 to the payment gateway. In another aspect, the payment server is in
communication with both
29 the payment gateway and the verification module, and the payment gateway
is configured to
send the supplemental ID and payment ID to the verification module via the
payment server.
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 [00176] In another aspect, the verification module is configured
to send a successful
2 verification result to at least one of the payment server and the payment
gateway. In another
3 aspect, the payment gateway is configured to send the supplemental ID
without storing the
4 supplemental ID on the payment gateway. In another aspect, the payment ID
is comprised of at
least one of: a credit card number, an expiry date, a bank card number, a
banking number, and
6 a points account number. In another aspect, the supplemental ID is
comprised of at least one
7 of: a Card Security Value (CSV), a Card Security Code (CSC), a Card
Verification Value (CW
8 or CVV2), a Card Verification Value Code (CVVC), a Card Verification Code
(CVC or CVC2), a
9 Verification Code (V-Code or V Code), a Card Code Verification (CCV), a
PIN, a password,
biometric data, and voice data.
11 [00177] In another aspect, the mobile device ID includes at least
one of: subscriber identity
12 information stored on a SIM card or IMEI of the mobile device,
networking information, an IP
13 address, a phone carrier identification, a port address, a DNS name, a
GPS coordinate of the
14 mobile device, the battery temperature of the mobile device, a
geographical location of the
mobile device, an accelerometer reading of the mobile device, a cookie, a user
agent, and a
16 header, wherein the cookie, the user agent and the header are provided
by a browser on the
17 mobile device or a DOM storage on the mobile device.
18 [00178] In another aspect, the mobile device ID is randomly
generated. In another aspect,
19 the mobile device ID is replaced by a new mobile device ID and is
associated with the payment
ID for each subsequent execution of the transaction process. In another
aspect, during the
21 transaction process, the payment gateway compares the received mobile
device ID to the
22 mobile device ID previously stored thereon to determine if they are
similar, and if so, enabling
23 the transaction to be executed. In another aspect, the received mobile
device ID in the
24 transaction process must be equal to the mobile device ID previously
stored on the payment
gateway for the transaction to be executed.
26 [00179] In general, a method is also provided for authenticating a
transaction on a mobile
27 device, the mobile device having stored thereon a mobile device ID, the
method being
28 performed on the mobile device. The method comprises: the mobile device
receiving through a
29 transaction GUI a supplemental ID for verifying a payment ID; the mobile
device sending the
supplemental ID and the mobile device ID to a payment gateway, the payment
gateway having
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I stored thereon the payment ID and the mobile device ID in association
with each other, and the
2 mobile device, upon the payment gateway executing the transaction based
on the payment ID
3 associated with the mobile device ID and receiving verification that the
supplemental ID and the
4 payment ID are authentic, receiving from the payment gateway a
confirmation that the
transaction is complete.
6 [00180] In another aspect, the mobile device sends at least one of
the supplemental ID and
7 the payment ID without storing the supplemental ID and the payment ID on
the mobile device.
8 [00181] In another aspect, the method includes a registration
process for storing the mobile
9 device ID on the mobile device, the method further comprising: the mobile
device receiving from
a registration GUI at least the payment ID of a payment account and the
supplemental ID, and
11 transmitting the payment ID and the supplemental ID to the payment
gateway without storing
12 the payment ID and the supplemental ID on the mobile device; and, the
mobile device, upon
13 receiving from the payment gateway that the payment ID and the
supplemental ID are
14 successfully verified, obtaining a component for a mobile device ID, the
mobile device ID
associated with the payment ID at the payment gateway, and the mobile device
ID stored on the
16 mobile device. In another aspect, the mobile device obtains the
component for the mobile
17 device ID by at least one of generating and receiving the component.
18 [00182] In general, a method is also provided for authenticating a
transaction on a payment
19 gateway, the payment gateway having stored thereon a mobile device ID in
association with a
payment ID, the method performed on the payment gateway comprising: the
payment gateway
21 receiving from a mobile device a supplemental ID and the mobile device
ID, the supplemental
22 ID for verifying the payment ID, and the mobile device having stored
thereon the mobile device
23 ID; the payment gateway retrieving the payment ID associated with the
mobile device ID and
24 sending the payment ID and the supplemental ID to a verification module
for verification; and,
upon the payment gateway receiving a verification result from the verification
module that the
26 supplemental ID and the payment ID are successfully verified, the
payment gateway executing
27 the transaction.
28 [00183] In another aspect, the method includes a registration
process for storing the mobile
29 device ID and the payment ID on the payment gateway, the method further
comprising: the
payment gateway receiving from the mobile device at least the payment 10 of a
payment
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1 account and the supplemental ID, and transmitting the payment ID and
supplemental ID to the
2 verification module; and, upon the payment gateway receiving an initial
verification result from
3 the verification module that the payment ID and the supplemental ID are
successfully verified,
4 the payment gateway obtains a component for a mobile device ID, the
mobile device ID
associated with the payment ID and stored at the payment gateway, and the
mobile device ID
6 stored on the mobile device.
7 [00184] In another aspect, the payment gateway obtains the
component for the mobile
8 device ID by at least one of generating and receiving the component.
9 [00185] In another aspect, the payment gateway executes the
transaction via a payment
server, the payment server in communication with at least one of the payment
gateway and the
11 verification module.
12 [00186] In general, a method is also provided for authenticating a
transaction, the method
13 comprising: a payment gateway receiving a mobile device ID and a
supplemental ID, the
14 supplemental ID for verifying a payment ID; the payment gateway
retrieving the payment ID
associated with the mobile device ID, the payment ID and the mobile device ID
being stored on
16 the payment gateway in association with each other, and sending the
payment ID and the
17 supplemental ID to a verification module; upon the verification module
successfully verifying the
18 payment ID and supplemental ID, a payment server executing the
transaction, the payment
19 server in communication with at least one of the payment gateway and the
verification module.
[00187] Turning briefly to Figure 14 and Figure 15, the above operations
are shown more
21 generally in the flow chart form divided according to the mobile device
10, the payment gateway
22 8, and the verification module 23. In particular, in Figure 14, which
shows the registration
23 process, at block 180, the example GUI 156 can be used by the mobile
device 10 to receive the
24 payment ID and supplemental ID. Notably, the mobile device ID can be
generated on either the
mobile device 10 or the payment gateway 8, as per block 184. The mobile device
ID can
26 alternatively be generated earlier in the registration process. In
Figure 15, which shows the
27 transaction process, at block 182, the example GUIs 158 or 172 can be
used by the mobile
28 device 10 to receive the supplemental ID. Furthermore, as described
above, for example with
29 respect to Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6, upon successfully verifying the
supplemental ID and payment
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1 ID, any one or more of the payment gateway 8, supplemental server 22
(e.g. issuer), and the
2 payment server 20 (e.g. acquirer) can execute the payment or settlement
process.
3 [00188] In another aspect of the proposed systems and methods, it
is recognized that after
4 a transaction has been made, a user may dispute the transaction. In other
words, the user may
claim to have not made or allowed the transaction, and that the transaction
was made in error.
6 For example, the retailer incorrectly charged the user for the
transaction using the payment ID,
7 or an adversary has falsely assumed the identity of the user and has made
a payment using the
8 user's payment ID.
9 [00189] It is further recognized that it is difficult for a
payment server 20 or an issuing bank
(e.g. the entity making the payment to the retailer) to confirm whether or not
the transaction was
11 actually authorized by the user. In situations where it appears the user
has not authorized the
12 transaction, the funds of the transaction are returned to the user. In
other words, there is a
13 chargeback process in which funds from the payment server 20 (or issuing
bank) and the
14 payment gateway 8, or both, are returned to the user.
[00190] The proposed systems and methods provide a way to confirm whether
or not a
16 transaction was actually authorized by the user, thereby settling
chargeback disputes. The
17 mobile device 10 generates a digital signature using transaction data
and, during a chargeback
18 dispute, the digital signature is used confirm whether or not the user
actually authorized the
19 transaction.
[00191] Turning to Figure 16, example computer executable instructions are
provided for
21 generating a digital signature. At block 200, a private key is obtained
(e.g. from an encryption
22 key database) or generated. The private key can be obtained or generated
by the payment
23 gateway 8. In another example embodiment, the private key can be
obtained or generated by
24 the mobile device 10, the payment server 20, the supplemental server 22,
or the verification
module 23. The private key can be generated using, for example, a random
number generator
26 or pseudorandom number generator.
27 [00192] The private key is encrypted using a key, herein referred
to as a secondary key,
28 (block 202) and then stored on the mobile device 10 (block 204). The
secondary key, for
29 example, is a supplemental ID. It will be appreciated that the secondary
key used to encrypt the
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1 private key may or may not be the supplemental ID. In another example
embodiment, the
2 secondary key is derived from or is a function of the supplemental ID.
For example a key
3 derivation function, such as PBKDF2, can be used.
4 [00193] It will be appreciated that using the supplemental ID in
deriving or forming the
secondary key can be advantageous if the user is required to provide the
secondary key. The
6 user remembers one less credential, as the supplemental ID is used for
verification and for
7 deriving or forming the secondary key.
8 [00194] The payment gateway 8 can encrypt the private key.
Alternatively, the mobile
9 device 10, the payment server 20, the supplemental server 22, or the
verification module 23 can
encrypt the private key. The private key can be encrypted using various known
encryption
11 methods. Non-limiting examples of encryption methods include strong
symmetric ciphers, such
12 as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Twofish. In another example
embodiment, an
13 encryption cipher is used with a mode of operation that helps prevent
plaintext attacks and
14 hides patterns, for example cipher-block chaining (CBC).
[00195] Blocks 200, 202, 204 may take place during the registration
process, or any time
16 prior to a transaction. For example, a private key can be obtained or
generated prior to or
17 during a registration process. In an example embodiment, during the
registration process, when
18 the supplemental ID is passed from the mobile device 10 to the payment
gateway 8, the private
19 key is encrypted using the key (e.g. the supplemental ID) and stored on
the mobile device 10.
In another example embodiment, the process of obtaining and storing the
private key on the
21 mobile device 10 can occur separately from the registration process.
22 00196] Continuing with Figure 16, at block 206, the mobile device
receives the
23 supplemental ID (e.g. from the user). The mobile device 10 then decrypts
the encrypted private
24 key using the secondary key (block 208). The mobile device 10 uses the
private key to sign
transaction data, and optionally the mobile device ID, to create a digital
signature (block 210).
26 Examples of digital signatures include those of the following types:
RSA, DSA, and ECC. The
27 digital signature is then stored so that it can be retrieved at a later
time (block 212). For
28 example, the digital signature is stored on at least one of the payment
gateway 8, the payment
29 server 20, the verification module 23, the supplemental server 22, and
the mobile device 10.
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1 [00197) The term "transaction data" can include at least one of
the following: the
2 transaction's invoice number, amount of payment, the date of the
transaction, the time of the
3 transaction, the shipping address, the billing address, the purchaser's
email, and the
4 purchaser's phone number. In addition to signing the transaction data,
the mobile device may,
for example, also sign the mobile device ID and the supplemental ID.
6 [00198] In an example embodiment, the original transaction data is
made available to at
7 least one of the payment gateway 8, the payment server 20, the
verification module 23, and the
8 supplemental server 22. During the verification process, the provided
transaction data may be
9 verified against the digital signature using a signature verification
scheme.
[00199] Turning to Figure '17, example computer executable instructions are
provided for
11 settling a chargeback dispute using the digital signature. At block 214,
a dispute is received
12 regarding a transaction, and the dispute includes the transaction data.
At block 216, the digital
13 signature associated with the transaction data is retrieved. For
example, the transaction data is
14 used to search for and identify the corresponding digital signature. The
digital signature is then
provided to settle the dispute (block 218). The digital signature is verified
using a digital
16 signature verification scheme (block 220) and it is determined if the
verification is successful or
17 not (block 222). It will be appreciated that the type of verification
scheme may depend on the
18 signing algorithm that was used.
19 [00200] In an example embodiment, if the private key is encrypted
with a secondary key
that is considered to have low entropy, then the corresponding public key is
kept secret and is
21 not easily attainable.
22 [00201] It is assumed that only the user's mobile device 10 has the
private key, which is
23 unique to the mobile device 10 or user (for example, if the user has
multiple mobile devices).
24 Therefore, for example, if the digital signature is verified, then it is
confirmed that the transaction
was performed by the mobile device having access to the private key, and thus
was actually
26 authorized by the user (block 226). Otherwise, if the digital signature
is not successfully
27 verified, then it is confirmed that the transaction was not performed by
a mobile device having
28 access to the private key, and thus was not authorized by the user
(block 224).
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I [00202] The private key may be stored on an Internet application (e.g.
an Web browser) on
2 the mobile device 10. In another example embodiment, the private key may
be stored on a
3 trusted platform module on the mobile device. In another example
embodiment, the private key
4 may be stored on a near field communications (NFC) chip on the mobile
device. In another
example embodiment, the private key may be stored on a subscriber identity
module (SIM) card
6 on the mobile device. In another example embodiment, the private key may
be stored on a
7 secure digital (SD) card, or other removable storage device, on the
mobile device. The private
8 key may also be stored on an application's storage or memory on the
mobile device. The
9 application may not be related to the Internet application.
[00203] In an example embodiment, the issuing bank is a separate entity
from the payment
1 1 server 20. In such an example, the issuing bank issues a chargeback
dispute which includes
12 the transaction data. The payment server 20 receives the chargeback
dispute and transaction
13 data and retrieves the digital signature to settle the chargeback
dispute.
14 [00204] In another example embodiment of generating a digital
signature, the private key is
not encrypted. Turning to Figure 18, at block 250, a private key is generated
and the stored on
16 the mobile device (block 252). Operations 250 and 252 can take place
during registration or
17 any time prior to a transaction. During a transaction, the mobile device
10 uses a private key to
18 sign the transaction data to create a digital signature (block 254). The
digital signature is then
19 stored so that it can be retrieved later (block 256).
[00205] When a dispute regarding a transaction is received by any one of
the payment
21 server 20, payment gateway 8, or the mobile device 10, including the
transaction data (block
22 258), the respective entity retrieves the digital signature associated
with the transaction data
23 (block 260). The digital signature is then provided to settle the
dispute (block 262). The dispute
24 is settled by determining whether or not the digital signature is
successfully verified.
[00206] In an example embodiment, the higher number of digital signatures
that have been
26 verified for a given mobile device or a given private key, the higher
the confidence that the
27 successful verification of the digital signature evidences that the
transaction is not fraudulent. In
28 other words, with each subsequent successful verification of a digital
signature associated with
29 a given mobile device or a given private key, the confidence that the
successful verification
proves that the transaction is authentic increases.
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1 [00207] It is assumed that the private key is securely stored on
the mobile device 10, and
2 that the private key is used to sign the transaction data only during a
transaction. Furthermore,
3 the action of the user entering the supplemental ID into the mobile
device 10 during a
4 transaction is recognized to be an indication that the user authorizes
the transaction. Therefore,
the private key is not required to be stored on the mobile device 10 in an
encrypted form. By
6 not encrypting the private key, the number of steps is reduced and the
speed of the process is
7 increased.
8 [00208] It will therefore be appreciated that the private key used
in generating digital
9 . signatures can be encrypted or, in other example embodiments, not
encrypted.
[00209] In another aspect, a MAC is used to settle chargeback disputes.
Both the mobile
11 device 10 and a computing device (e.g. payment gateway 8 or verification
module 23) have a
12 secret key (e.g. a shared secret key) that are used to generate MACs
from the transaction data.
13 For example, the mobile device 10 generates a first MAC using the
transaction data at the time
14 of transaction, and a computing device generates a second MAC using the
transaction data. If
the first and second MACs are identical, then it is determined that the
transaction was
16 authorized by the user. Otherwise, the transaction is deemed to be
fraudulent.
17 [00210] The secret key, for example is unique to each mobile
device or can be unique to a
18 user.
19 [00211] Figure 19 provides example computer executable
instructions for settling a
chargeback dispute using MACs. At block 251 a secret key is generated, for
example either by
21 the mobile device or the computing device, or both. The secret key is
stored on both the mobile
22 device 10 and the computing device (e.g. payment gateway, payment
server, verification
23 module) (block 253). Blocks 251 and 253 can occur prior to a
transaction, such as during a
24 registration process. It will be appreciated that the secret key is
stored on at least one of an
Internet application on the mobile device, on a trusted platform module on the
mobile device, on
26 a NFC chip in the mobile device, on a subscriber identity module (SIM)
card in the mobile
27 device, on a removable storage device in the mobile device, and on an
application's storage on
28 the mobile device.
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1 [00212] The secret key may also be encrypted, for example, using a
secondary key. The
2 secondary key may be a function of a supplemental ID.
3 [00213] During a transaction, the mobile device 10 applies a MAC
algorithm to the
4 transaction data using the secret key to generate a first MAC (block
255). At block 257, the
mobile device 10 stores the first MAC on the computing device (e.g. payment
gateway, payment
( server, verification module) or on the mobile device 10.
7 [00214] If the secret key is encrypted, then it is first decrypted
so that it can be used to
8 generate the first MAC. For example, if the secondary key is used to
decrypt the encrypted
9 secret key, the user may enter into the mobile device 10 the information
(e.g. supplemental ID)
needed to derive the secondary key. The derived secondary key is then used to
decrypt the
II secret key.
12 [00215] In another example embodiment, the first MAC is computed
by applying a MAC
13 algorithm to the transaction data and a mobile device ID. In this way,
the first MAC can be used
14 to better identify that it was generated from the mobile device 10.
[00216] Continuing with Figure 19, after the transaction is complete, a
computing device
16 (e.g. payment gateway, payment server, verification module) receives a
dispute regarding a
17 transaction including transaction data (block 259). For example, the
computing device receives
18 the first MAC from the mobile device 10. The computing device then
retrieves the first MAC
19 associated with the transaction data (block 261). The computing device
then computes a
second MAC using the secret key and the transaction data (block 263). In an
example
21 embodiment, the same MAC algorithm used to compute the first MAC may be
used to compute
22 the second MAC. At block 265, the computing device determines whether or
not the transaction
23 is fraudulent based on a comparison of the first MAC and the second MAC.
24 [00217] In particular, the transaction is determined to be
fraudulent if the first MAC and the
second MAC are different. Otherwise, the transaction is determined to be not
fraudulent if the
26 first MAC and the second MAC are equal.
27 [00218] The computing device may also determine whether or not a
subsequent transaction
28 is fraudulent by verifying subsequent MACs using the secret key. If the
subsequent MACs
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1 provide a verification result that is successful, then the computing
device increases a confidence
2 value or confidence level that the verification result associated with
the mobile device or the
3 secret key proves the subsequent transaction is not fraudulent.
4 [00219] In an example embodiment, the secret key may be stored on
the computing device
in encrypted form. In a further example, the computing device receives from
the mobile device
6 10 a secondary key used to decrypt the encrypted secret key stored on the
computing device.
7 As described above, the secondary key is function of the supplemental ID.
In other words, the
8 mobile device generates the secondary key using the supplemental ID and
sends the secondary
9 key to the computing device.
[00220] It can also be appreciated that the MAC may be a cipher-based MAC
(CMAC), such
11 as CMAC-AES and CMAC-TDES. The MAC may also be a hash-based MAC (HMAC),
such as
12 HMAC-MD5, HMAC-SHA-1, HMAC-SHA-256, and HMAC-RIPEMD. It will be
appreciated that
13 various types of MACs can be applied to the principles described herein.
14 [00221] In another aspect of the proposed systems and methods, a
digital signature is used
to authenticate a transaction. Prior to a transaction, for example, during
registration, a private
16 key is stored on the mobile device '10. During a transaction, the mobile
device 10 signs
17 transaction data to create a digital signature. The verification module
23 or other server entity
18 obtains the payment ID and digital signature and verifies the digital
signature. If the digital
19 signature is successfully verified, uses the payment ID to execute a
transaction. Details are
described with respect to Figures 20, 21 and 22.
21 [00222] Turning to Figure 20, example computer executable
instructions are provided for
22 registering a mobile device ID and payment ID. During the registration
process, or any time
23 prior to the transaction process, a private key is generated. The
private key is stored on the
24 mobile device 10. Optionally, the private key is encrypted, and the
encrypted private key is
stored on the mobile device 10.
26 [00223] In particular, at block 264, the mobile device 10 receives
the payment ID and
27 supplemental ID and sends the same to the payment gateway 8. The payment
gateway 8
28 sends the IDs to the verification module 23 (block 266) for verification
(block 268). The
29 verification module 23 sends the verification result (block 270), and
upon receipt (block 272), the
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i payment gateway 8 sends confirmation of registration to the mobile device
10 (blocks 274 and
2 276). During the registration process, before or after the verification.
a mobile device ID is
3 generated (block 278) and saved on the mobile device (block 280) and on
the payment gateway
4 8 in association with the payment ID (block 282). Also taking place
sometime during the
registration process is the generation of the private key (block 284), which
can be encrypted
6 using a secondary key (block 286). The private key, which may or may not
be encrypted, is
7 stored on the mobile device 10 (block 290).
8 [00224] Turing to Figure 21, during a transaction, the mobile
device 10 receives an input to
9 execute a transaction. If the private key is encrypted using a secondary
key, then the input may
I 0 include the secondary key (block 290). The mobile device 10 decrypts
the encrypted private
11 key using the secondary key (block 292). However, if the private key is
not encrypted on the
12 mobile device 10, then the operations of providing a secondary key and
decrypting the private
13 key are not executed.
14 [00225] The mobile device 10 signs the transaction data using the
private key to generate a
digital signature (block 294). At block 296, the mobile device sends the
digital signature and
16 mobile device ID to the payment gateway 8. The mobile device 10 may also
send the
17 transaction data, which can be used to verify the digital signature. At
block 298, using the
18 mobile device ID, the payment gateway 8 retrieves the associated payment
ID. At block 300, at
19 least one of the payment gateway 8, the verification module 23 and the
payment server 20
verify the digital signature. It will be appreciated that, if the verification
scheme being employed
21 uses the original transaction data, then the original transaction data
is made available to the
22 entity that verifies the digital signature. If the verification result
is successful, then the payment
23 or transaction is enabled using the payment ID, for example through the
payment server 20
24 (block 302). For example, the payment server 20 is given a computer
executable instruction to
process the payment for the transaction.
26 [00226] A confirmation that the transaction has been completed may
then be sent to the
27 mobile device 10 and displayed on the mobile device's GUI.
28 [00227] In another example embodiment, the operation of block 298
may only be performed
29 after first successfully verifying the digital signature (block 300).
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1 [00228] Turning to Figure 22, another example embodiment of
authenticating a transaction
2 using a digital signature is provided. Similar to Figure 21, at block
291, the mobile device 10
3 receives a supplemental ID. If the private key is encrypted, the mobile
device 10 decrypts the
4 private key using a secondary key (block 292). As described, the
secondary key may be a
function of the supplemental ID, and thus the supplemental ID is used to
decrypt the private key.
6 Blocks 294 and 296, as described above are performed.
7 [00229] The payment gateway 8 verifies the digital signature
(block 297). The payment
8 gateway 8 retrieves the payment ID associated with mobile device ID, and
sends the payment
9 ID and the supplemental ID to the verification module 23 for verification
(block 299). At block
301 the verification module verifies the payment ID and the supplemental ID,
for example by
11 comparing the IDs with previously stored IDs. At block 303, if the
digital signature is
12 successfully verified and the payment ID and the supplemental ID are
successfully verified, then
13 payment of the transaction is enabled, for example through the payment
server 20.
14 [00230] It can be appreciated that using a digital signature as
described in Figures 20, 21
and 22 allows for both a transaction to be authenticated, as well as provides
a digital signature
16 that can be used to settle chargeback disputes should they arise. Using
a digital signature also
17 allows a payment gateway and a merchant to save money in transaction
fees where
18 transactions are not sent with a valid signature. For example, the
payment gateway 8 would not
19 process a transaction that has an invalid signature, since such a
transaction may be voided or
charged-back.
21 [00231] Additionally, a digital signature allows the transaction
to be validated when
22 transmitted over an unreliable protocol. A digital signature also
prevents a man-in-the-middle
23 attack from successfully changing any critical values (e.g. total amount
of funds for the
24 transaction, invoice number, shipping address, etc.).
[00232] The above principles regarding the use of a digital signature to
authenticate a
26 transaction also apply to MACs. Instead of signing transaction data to
create a digital signature,
27 a MAC algorithm is applied to the transaction data to generate a first
MAC on the mobile device
28 and a second MAC on the computing device (e.g. payment gateway, payment
server,
29 verification module). If the first and second MACS are equal, then the
transaction is
authenticated and the payment is enabled. The operations are very similar to
the operations
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1 described in Figures 20, 21 and 22, however, instead of generating and
verifying digital
2 signatures, MACs are generated and verified using a secret key available
to both the mobile
3 device the computing device.
4 [00233] In particular, a mobile device '10 receives an input to
execute the transaction. The
mobile device 10 computes a first MAC using a secret key and transaction data.
The secret key
6 is stored on both the mobile device 10 and a computing device. The mobile
device 10 then
7 sends the first MAC and a mobile device ID to the computing device for
verifying the first MAC
8 for authenticating the transaction. Transaction data is also sent to the
computing device. The
9 computing device has stored thereon the mobile device ID in association
with a payment ID of a
payment account.
11 [00234] The computing device, upon receiving from the mobile
device the first MAC and the
12 mobile device ID, retrieves the payment ID associated with the mobile
device ID. The
13 computing device then computes a second MAC using the secret key and the
transaction data.
14 Upon determining the first MAC and the second MAC are equal, the
computing device enables
payment of the transaction using the payment ID. The computing device then
sends a
16 confirmation to the mobile device 10 that the transaction is complete.
17 [00235] The mobile device 10 receives the confirmation, and for
example can display the
18 confirmation to the user.
19 [00236] In another aspect of the proposed systems and methods, the
supplemental ID is
used to verify the payment ID, although the supplemental ID is not required to
be passed
21 through the payment gateway 8. Therefore, the payment gateway 8 does not
need to handle or
22 manage the supplemental ID. This reduces liability and risk for the
payment gateway 8. Details
23 are described with respect to Figures 23 and 24.
24 [00237] In particular, turning to Figure 23, during a registration
process, the mobile device
10 receives at least the payment ID and the supplemental ID (block 304). It
can be appreciated
26 that the mobile device ID is already generated or obtained, and stored
on the mobile device '10.
27 The mobile device 10 then sends the payment ID and the mobile device ID
to the payment
28 gateway 8 (block 306). The payment gateway 8 stores the payment ID and
mobile device ID
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 (block 308). The payment gateway 8 sends the payment ID and mobile device
ID to the
2 verification module 23 (block 310).
3 [00238] The mobile device 10, upon receiving the supplemental ID,
sends the supplemental
4 ID and mobile device ID to the verification module 23 (block 312). The
transmission of the
supplemental ID and mobile device ID does not pass through the payment gateway
8 and can,
6 for example, be sent directly to the verification module 23. It can be
appreciated that the
7 operations of block 312 and 310 can occur at different times or at
approximately the same time.
8 [00239] The verification module 23 thus receives the mobile ID and
payment ID from one
9 source, and receives the mobile ID and supplemental ID from another
source. At block 314, the
verification module 23 uses the common or matching mobile device Ds to
associate the
I I corresponding supplemental ID and payment ID. That is, a supplemental
ID and payment ID
12 correspond to each other, if it is determined that the mobile ID
associated with the payment ID
13 (from one source) is the same as the mobile ID associated with the
supplemental ID (from the
14 other source). At block 316, the verification module verifies the
supplemental ID and payment
ID and sends the verification result. At block 318, if the verification result
is successful, then the
16 payment gateway 8 sets an indicator that the mobile device ID and
payment ID (as stored on
17 the payment gateway 8) are successfully verified. The indicator, for
example, can be a Boolean
18 value indicating that the mobile device ID and payment ID are
successfully verified.
19 [00240] Continuing from Figure 23, Figure 24 provides example
computer executable
instructions for authenticating a transaction without passing the supplemental
ID through the
21 payment gateway 8. At block 320, the mobile device 10 receives the
supplemental ID. At block
22 322, the mobile device 10 sends the mobile device ID to the payment
gateway 8. The payment
23 gateway 8 retrieves the associated payment ID and checks the indicator
if the payment ID and
24 mobile ID are successfully verified (b)ock 324). If verified, the
payment gateway 8 sends the
payment ID and mobile device ID to the verification module 23 (block 326).
26 [00241] The mobile device 10 also sends the supplemental ID and
mobile device ID to the
27 verification module 23 (block 328). The operation of block 328 can occur
at a different time or
28 approximately at the same time as the operation of block 326.
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1 1002421 At block 330, the verification module 23 uses the common
mobile device IDs to
2 match or associate the supplemental ID with the corresponding payment ID.
At block 332, the
3 verification module 23 verifies the payment ID and the supplemental ID.
If the verification result
4 is successful, then any one of the payment gateway 8, verification module
23 and the payment
server 20 enable executing of the payment process, for example through the
payment server 20
6 (block 334).
7 [00243] The example embodiment of Figures 23 and 24 provide an
alternate routing of data
8 that does not require the supplemental ID to be forwarded or passed
through the payment
9 gateway 8.
[00244] In another aspect, the proposed systems and methods include storing
the
11 supplemental ID on the mobile device 10 so that the user is not required
to enter the
12 supplemental ID into the mobile device 10 every time a transaction is
made. Turning to Figure
13 25, example computer executable instructions are provided for a
transaction. The mobile
14 device 10 receives the supplemental ID (block 336) and a transaction
(block 338) takes place.
The transaction can take place in a number of ways according to the various
example
16 embodiments described herein. At block 340, the mobile device 10 then
determines whether to
17 store the supplemental ID or delete it from the mobile device's memory.
It will be appreciated
18 that in certain situations, it is desirable to not to store the
supplemental ID in non-volatile storage
19 or memory. The determination can be based on various conditions,
including, for example, the
user's preset preferences, the length of time between the previous two
transactions, location of
21 the mobile device 10, the time of day, or combinations of the above.
Other conditions may
22 apply.
23 [00245] In this example embodiment, it is determined that the
supplemental ID is stored on
24 the mobile device 10. At block 342, the mobile device 10 receives an
indication (e.g. from the
user) to execute another transaction. The mobile device 10 then sends the
mobile device ID
26 and the supplemental ID that was stored on the mobile device to enable
authentication of the
27 transaction (block 344). In this way, the user does not need to re-enter
the supplemental ID into
28 the mobile device 10 when attempting to authenticate the other
transaction.
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1 [00246] In another example embodiment, the operation of block 340
is executed periodically
2 to determine whether any recently entered or previously saved
supplemental IDs should be
3 stored on the mobile device 10 or deleted.
4 [00247] In general, the systems and methods described herein
include a method for settling
a dispute for a previously executed transaction, the method performed by a
computing device,
6 the method comprising: receiving the dispute regarding the transaction
including associated
7 transaction data; retrieving a digital signature associated with the
transaction data, the digital
8 signature computed by signing the transaction data; verifying the digital
signature using a public
9 key, the public key corresponding to a private key stored on a mobile
device; and determining
whether or not the transaction is fraudulent based on a verification result of
the digital signature.
11 In another aspect, the transaction is determined to be fraudulent if the
verification result is
12 unsuccessful. In another aspect, the transaction is determined to be not
fraudulent if the
13 verification result is successful. In another aspect, the computing
device receives from the
14 mobile device the digital signature, the digital signature signed using
the private key. In another
aspect, the method further comprises determining whether or not a subsequent
transaction is
16 fraudulent by verifying a subsequent digital signature using the public
key, and if the subsequent
17 digital signature provides a subsequent verification result that is
successful, then the computing
18 device increasing a confidence value that the subsequent verification
result proves the
19 subsequent transaction is not fraudulent. In another aspect, the
transaction data comprises at
least one of the transaction's invoice number, an amount of payment, a date of
the transaction,
21 a time of the transaction, a shipping address, a billing address, a
purchaser's email, and a
22 purchaser's phone number. In another aspect, the digital signature is
computed by signing the
23 transaction data and a mobile device ID, the mobile device ID
identifying the mobile device. In
24 another aspect, the digital signature is verified using any one of an
RSA scheme, a DSA
scheme, an ECDSA scheme, and an EIGamal signature scheme. In another aspect,
the private
26 key and the public key are generated on the computing device. In another
aspect, the private
27 key and the public key are generated on the mobile device and the public
key is sent to the
28 computing device.
29 [00248] In general the systems and methods described herein also
include a method for
settling a dispute for a transaction, the method performed by a mobile device,
the method
31 comprising: storing a private key on the mobile device prior to the
transaction; the mobile device
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I using the private key to cryptographically sign transaction data to
generate a digital signature
2 during the transaction; the mobile device sending the digital signature
to a computing device,
3 the computing device having access to a public key corresponding to the
private key and
4 configured to verify the digital signature to determine whether or not
the transaction is
fraudulent. In another aspect, the private key is stored on the mobile in an
encrypted form. In
6 another aspect, the private key is encrypted using a secondary key. In
another aspect, the
7 secondary key is a function of a supplemental ID, the supplemental ID for
verifying a payment
8 ID of a payment account used in the transaction, and the private key is
encrypted using the
9 secondary key. In another aspect, during the transaction, the method
further comprises the
mobile device receiving the secondary key and decrypting the encrypted private
key using the
11 secondary key for use in generating the digital signature. In another
aspect, the transaction
12 data comprises at least one of the transaction's invoice number, an
amount of payment, a date
13 of the transaction, a time of the transaction, a shipping address, a
billing address, a purchaser's
14 email, and a purchaser's phone number. In another aspect, the digital
signature is computed by
signing the transaction data and a mobile device ID, the mobile device ID
identifying the mobile
16 device. In another aspect, the digital signature is generated using any
one of an RSA scheme,
17 a DSA scheme, an ECDSA scheme, and an EIGamal signature scheme. In
another aspect, the
18 private key is stored on an Internet application on the mobile device.
In another aspect, the
19 private key is stored on a trusted platform module on the mobile device.
In another aspect, the
private key is stored on a near field communications (NFC) chip in the mobile
device. In
21 another aspect, the private key is stored on a subscriber identity
module (SIM) card in the
22 mobile device. In another aspect, the private key is stored on a
removable storage device in the
23 mobile device. In another aspect, the private key is stored on an
application's storage on the
24 mobile device. In another aspect, the private key and the public key are
generated on the
computing device. In another aspect, the private key and the public key are
generated on the
26 mobile device and the public key is sent to the computing device.
27 [00249] In general the systems and methods described herein include a
method for
28 authenticating a transaction using a digital signature, the method
performed by a computing
29 device, the method comprising: storing a mobile device ID identifying a
mobile device in
association with a payment ID of a payment account; receiving from the mobile
device a digital
31 signature and the mobile device ID, the digital signature computed by
signing transaction data
32 associated with the transaction; retrieving the payment ID associated
with the mobile device ID;
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1 verifying the digital signature using a public key, the public key
corresponding to a private key
2 stored on the mobile device; and upon successfully verifying the digital
signature, enabling
3 payment of the transaction using the payment ID. In another aspect, the
digital signature is
4 signed by the private key. In another aspect, the method further
comprises receiving a
supplemental ID from the mobile device, the supplemental ID for verifying the
payment ID. In
6 another aspect, the method further comprises successfully verifying the
supplemental ID and
7 the payment ID before enabling payment of the transaction. In another
aspect, the transaction
8 data comprises at least one of the transaction's invoice number, an
amount of payment, a date
9 of the transaction, a time of the transaction, a shipping address, a
billing address, a purchaser's
email, and a purchaser's phone number. In another aspect, the digital
signature is computed by
11 signing the transaction data and the mobile device ID. In another
aspect, the digital signature is
12 verified using any one of an RSA scheme, a DSA scheme, an ECDSA scheme,
and an EIGamal
13 signature scheme. In another aspect, the private key and the public key
are generated on the
14 computing device. In another aspect, the private key and the public key
are generated on the
mobile device and the public key is sent to the computing device.
16 1002501 In general, the systems and methods as described herein
also include a method a
17 method for authenticating a transaction using a digital signature, the
method performed by a
18 mobile device, the method comprising: receiving an input to execute the
transaction; computing
19 the digital signature by cryptographically signing, with a private key,
transaction data associated
with the transaction; sending the digital signature and a mobile device ID of
the mobile device to
21 a computing device for verifying the digital signature for
authenticating the transaction, the
22 computing device having stored thereon the mobile device ID in
association with a payment ID
23 of a payment account; and receiving from the computing device a
confirmation that the
24 transaction is complete. In another aspect, the private key corresponds
to a public key, the
public key stored on the computing device. In another aspect, the private key
is encrypted
26 using a secondary key and stored on the mobile device in encrypted form.
In another aspect,
27 the method further comprises decrypting the encrypted private key using
the secondary key. In
28 another aspect, the input includes data for deriving the secondary key
and the method further
29 comprises deriving the secondary key using the input. In another aspect,
the secondary key is
a function of a supplemental ID, the supplemental ID for verifying the payment
ID, and the input
31 includes the supplemental ID for deriving the secondary key. In another
aspect, the input
32 includes a supplemental ID, the supplemental ID for verifying the
payment ID, and the method
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I further comprising the mobile device sending the supplemental ID to the
computing device, and
2 the mobile device, upon the computing device executing the transaction
based on the payment
ID and receiving verification that the supplemental ID and the payment ID are
authentic,
4 receiving from the computing device the confirmation that the transaction
is complete. In
another aspect, the method further comprises a registration process occurring
for storing the
6 mobile device ID on the mobile device before the transaction, the method
further comprising:
7 the mobile device receiving from a registration GUI at least the payment
ID and the
8 supplemental ID, and transmitting the payment ID and the supplemental ID
to the computing
9 device; and, the mobile device, upon receiving from the computing device
that the payment ID
and the supplemental ID are successfully verified, obtaining a component for
the mobile device
11 ID. In another aspect, the transaction data comprises at least one of
the transaction's invoice
12 number, an amount of payment, a date of the transaction, a time of the
transaction, a shipping
13 address, a billing address, a purchaser's email, and a purchaser's phone
number. In another
14 aspect, the digital signature is computed by signing the transaction
data and the mobile device
ID. In another aspect, the digital signature is verified using any one of an
RSA scheme, a DSA
16 scheme, an ECDSA scheme, and an EIGamal signature scheme. In another
aspect, the private
17 key is stored on an Intemet application on the mobile device. In another
aspect, the private key
18 is stored on a trusted platform module on the mobile device. In another
aspect, the private key
19 is stored on a near field communications (NFC) chip on the mobile
device. In another aspect,
the private key is stored on a subscriber identity module (SIM) card on the
mobile device. In
21 another aspect, the private key is stored on a removable storage device
in the mobile device. In
22 another aspect, the private key is stored on an application's storage on
the mobile device. In
23 another aspect, the private key and the public key are generated on the
computing device. In
24 another aspect, the private key and the public key are generated on the
mobile device and the
public key is sent to the computing device.
26 [00251] In general the systems and methods described herein also
include a method for
27 authenticating a transaction, the method comprising: a mobile device
receiving a supplemental
28 ID, the supplemental ID for verifying a payment ID of a payment account,
the mobile device
29 having stored thereon a payment ID; the mobile device sending the mobile
device ID to a
payment gateway, the payment gateway having stored thereon the payment ID in
association
31 with the mobile device ID; the payment gateway retrieving the payment ID
associated with the
32 mobile device ID and sending the payment ID and mobile device ID to a
verification module; the
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 mobile device sending the supplemental ID and the mobile device ID to the
verification module,
2 the verification module using the matching mobile device IDs to associate
the supplemental ID
3 and the payment ID and verifying the associated supplemental ID and
payment ID; and if
4 successfully verified, the verification module enabling execution of the
transaction.
[00252] In general the systems and methods described herein also include a
method for
6 authenticating a transaction, the method performed on a mobile device,
the mobile device
7 having stored thereon a mobile device ID, the method comprising: the
mobile device receiving
8 through a transaction GUI a supplemental ID for verifying a payment ID;
the mobile device
9 sending the mobile device ID to a payment gateway, the payment gateway
having stored
thereon the payment ID and the mobile device ID in association with each
other; the mobile
11 device sending the supplemental ID and mobile device ID to a
verification module, the
12 verification module in communication with the payment gateway; the
mobile device, upon the
13 payment gateway executing the transaction based on the payment ID
associated with the
14 mobile device ID and receiving verification that the supplemental ID and
the payment ID are
authentic, receiving from the payment gateway a confirmation that the
transaction is complete.
16 In another aspect, the method further comprises a registration process
for storing the mobile
17 device ID on the mobile device, the method further comprising: the
mobile device receiving from
18 a registration GUI at least the payment ID of a payment account and the
supplemental ID, and
19 transmitting the payment ID and the mobile device ID to the payment
gateway; the mobile
device transmitting the supplemental ID and the mobile device ID to the
verification module;
21 and, the mobile device, upon receiving from the payment gateway that the
payment ID and the
22 supplemental ID are successfully verified, obtaining a component for the
mobile device ID, the
23 mobile device ID stored on the mobile device. In another aspect, the
method further comprises
24 the mobile device obtaining the component for the mobile device ID by at
least one of
generating and receiving the component. In another aspect, the merchant server
sends the
26 supplemental ID without storing the supplemental ID on the merchant
server. In another aspect,
27 the payment ID is comprised of at least one of: a credit card number, an
expiry date, a bank
28 card number, a banking number, a value card number, and a points account
number. In
29 another aspect, the supplemental ID is comprised of at least one of: a
Card Security Value
(CSV), a Card Security Code (CSC), a Card Verification Value (CW or CVV2), a
Card
31 Verification Value Code (CWC), a Card Verification Code (CVC or CVC2), a
Verification Code
32 (V-Code or V Code), a Card Code Verification (CCV), a PIN, a password,
biometric data, and
22120994 1
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 voice data In another aspect, the mobile device ID includes at least one
of: subscriber identity
2 information stored on a SIM card or IMEI of the mobile device, networking
information, an IP
3 address, a phone carrier identification, a port address, a DNS name, a
GPS coordinate of the
4 mobile device, the battery temperature of the mobile device, a
geographical location of the
mobile device, an accelerometer reading of the mobile device, a cookie, a user
agent, and a
6 header, wherein the cookie, the user agent, and the header are provided
by the browser on the
7 mobile device, or information stored in a document object model (DOM)
storage on the mobile
8 device.
9 [00253] In general, the systems and methods described herein
include a method for
authenticating a transaction on a verification module, the method comprising:
the verification
11 module receiving from a payment gateway a payment ID and a mobile device
ID of a mobile
12 device, the payment gateway in communication with the mobile device; the
verification module
13 receiving from the mobile device the mobile device ID and a supplemental
ID, the supplemental
14 ID for verifying the payment ID; the verification module matching the
mobile device ID received
from the payment ID and the mobile device ID received from mobile device to
determine if the
16 supplemental ID and the payment ID are associated with one another; upon
determining the
17 supplemental ID and the payment ID are associated with each other, the
verification module
18 verifying the supplemental ID and the payment ID. In another aspect, the
verification module
19 verifies by comparing the supplemental ID and the payment ID with a
previously stored
supplemental ID and a previously stored payment ID, and if identical,
determining the
21 supplemental ID and the payment ID are successfully verified. In another
aspect, the payment
22 ID is comprised of at least one of a credit card number, an expiry date,
a bank card number, a
23 banking number, a value card number, and a points account number. In
another aspect, the
24 supplemental ID is comprised of at least one of: a Card Security Value
(CSV), a Card Security
Code (CSC), a Card Verification Value (CW or CW2), a Card Verification Value
Code (CWC),
26 a Card Verification Code (CVC or CVC2), a Verification Code (V-Code or V
Code), a Card Code
27 Verification (CCV), a PIN, a password, biometric data, and voice data.
In another aspect, the
28 mobile device ID includes at least one of: subscriber identity
information stored on a SIM card or
29 IMEI of the mobile device, networking information, an IP address, a
phone carrier identification,
a port address, a DNS name, a GPS coordinate of the mobile device, the battery
temperature of
31 the mobile device, a geographical location of the mobile device, an
accelerometer reading of the
32 mobile device, a cookie, a user agent, and a header, wherein the cookie,
the user agent, and
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 the header are provided by the browser on the mobile device, or
information stored in a
2 document object model (OM) storage on the mobile device.
3 [00254] In general, the systems and methods described herein
include a method for settling
4 a dispute for a previously executed transaction, the method performed by
a computing device,
the method comprising: receiving the dispute regarding the transaction
including associated
6 transaction data; retrieving a first message authentication code (MAC)
associated with the
7 transaction data, the first MAC computed by a mobile device; computing a
second MAC using a
8 secret key, the secret key stored on both the computing device and the
mobile device; and
9 determining whether or not the transaction is fraudulent based on a
comparison of the first MAC
and the second MAC. In another aspect, the transaction is determined to be
fraudulent if the
11 first MAC and the second MAC are different. In another aspect, the
transaction is determined to
12 be not fraudulent if the first MAC and the second MAC are equal. In
another aspect, the
13 computing device receives from the mobile device the first MAC, the
first MAC computed using
14 the secret key. In another aspect, it further comprises determining
whether or not a subsequent
transaction is fraudulent by verifying subsequent MACS using the secret key,
and if the
16 subsequent MACs provide a verification result that is successful, then
the computing device
17 increasing a confidence value that the verification result proves the
subsequent transaction is
18 not fraudulent. In another aspect, the transaction data comprises at
least one of the
19 transaction's invoice number, an amount of payment, a date of the
transaction, a time of the
transaction, a shipping address, a billing address, a purchaser's email, and a
purchaser's phone
21 number. In another aspect, the computing device stores the secret key in
association with a
22 mobile device ID, the mobile device ID for identifying the mobile
device. In another aspect, the
23 first MAC and the second MAC are computed by applying a MAC algorithm to
the transaction
24 data and a mobile device ID, the mobile device ID identifying the mobile
device. In another
aspect, the computing device receives the first MAC and the mobile device ID
from the mobile
26 device. In another aspect, the secret key is stored on the computing
device in encrypted form.
27 In another aspect, the MAC is a cipher-based MAC (CMAC) or a hash-based
MAC (HMAC).
28 [002551 In general, the systems and methods described herein
include a method for settling
29 a dispute for a transaction, the method performed by a mobile device,
the method comprising:
storing a secret key on the mobile device prior to the transaction; the mobile
device using the
31 secret key and transaction data to compute a first MAC during the
transaction; and the mobile
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 device sending the first MAC to a computing device, the computing device
having access to the
2 secret key and configured to verify the first MAC to determine whether or
not the transaction is
fraudulent. In another aspect, the secret key is stored on the mobile device
in an encrypted
4 form. In another aspect, the secret key is encrypted using a secondary
key. In another aspect.
the secondary key is a function of a supplemental ID, the supplemental ID for
verifying a
6 payment ID of a payment account used in the transaction, and the secret
key is encrypted using
7 the secondary key. In another aspect, during the transaction, the method
further comprises the
8 mobile device receiving the secondary key and decrypting the encrypted
secret key using the
9 secondary key. In another aspect, the transaction data comprises at least
one of the
transaction's invoice number, an amount of payment, a date of the transaction,
a time of the
11 transaction, a shipping address, a billing address, a purchaser's email,
and a purchaser's phone
12 number. In another aspect, the first MAC is computed by applying a MAC
algorithm to the
13 transaction data and a mobile device ID, the mobile device ID
identifying the mobile device. In
14 another aspect, the secret key is stored on an Internet application on
the mobile device. In
another aspect, the secret key is stored on a trusted platform module on the
mobile device. In
16 another aspect, the secret key is stored on a near field communications
(NFC) chip in the
17 mobile device. In another aspect, the secret key is stored on a
subscriber identity module (SIM)
18 card in the mobile device. In another aspect, the secret key is stored
on a removable storage
19 device in the mobile device. In another aspect, the secret key is stored
on an application's
storage on the mobile device. In another aspect, the secret key is generated
on the computing
21 device or the mobile device. In another aspect, the MAC is a cipher-
based MAC (CMAC) or a
22 hash-based MAC (HMAC).
23 [00256] In general, the systems and methods described herein
include a method for
24 authenticating a transaction using MACS, the method performed by a
computing device, the
method comprising: storing a mobile device ID identifying a mobile device in
association with a
26 payment ID of a payment account; receiving from the mobile device a
first MAC and the mobile
27 device ID, the first MAC computed by using a secret key and transaction
data associated with
28 the transaction, the secret key stored on the mobile device and on the
computing device;
29 retrieving the payment ID associated with the mobile device ID;
computing a second MAC using
the secret key and the transaction data; and upon determining the first MAC
and the second
31 MAC are equal, enabling payment of the transaction using the payment ID.
In another aspect, it
32 further comprises receiving a supplemental ID from the mobile device,
the supplemental ID for
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CA 02743035 2011-06-14
1 verifying the payment ID. In another aspect, it further comprises
successfully verifying the
2 supplemental ID and the payment ID before enabling payment of the
transaction. In another
3 aspect, the transaction data comprises at least one of the transaction's
invoice number, an
4 amount of payment, a date of the transaction, a time of the transaction,
a shipping address, a
billing address, a purchaser's email, and a purchaser's phone number. In
another aspect, the
6 first MAC and the second MAC are computed by applying a MAC algorithm to
the transaction
7 data and the mobile device ID. In another aspect, the secret key is
generated on the computing
8 device or the mobile device. In another aspect, the MAC is a cipher-based
MAC (CMAC) or a
9 hash-based MAC (HMAC).
[00257] In general, the systems and methods described herein include a
method for
11 authenticating a transaction using MACS, the method performed by a
mobile device, the method
12 comprising: receiving an input to execute the transaction; computing a
first MAC using a secret
13 key and transaction data, the secret key stored on both the mobile
device and a computing
14 device; sending the first MAC and a mobile device ID of the mobile
device to the computing
device for verifying the first MAC for authenticating the transaction, the
computing device having
16 stored thereon the mobile device ID in association with a payment ID of
a payment account; and
17 receiving from the computing device a confirmation that the transaction
is complete. In another
18 aspect, the secret key is encrypted using a secondary key and stored on
the mobile device in
19 encrypted form. In another aspect, the method further comprises
decrypting the encrypted
secret key using the secondary key. In another aspect, the input includes data
for deriving the
21 secondary key and the method further comprises deriving the secondary
key using the input. In
22 another aspect, the secondary key is a function of a supplemental ID,
the supplemental ID for
23 verifying the payment ID, and the input includes the supplemental ID for
deriving the secondary
24 key. In another aspect, the input includes a supplemental ID, the
supplemental ID for verifying
the payment ID, and the method further comprising the mobile device sending
the supplemental
26 ID to the computing device; and the mobile device, upon the computing
device executing the
27 transaction based on the payment ID and receiving verification that the
supplemental ID and the
28 payment ID are authentic, receiving from the computing device the
confirmation that the
29 transaction is complete. In another aspect, it further comprises a
registration process occurring
for storing the mobile device ID on the mobile device before the transaction,
the method further
31 comprising: the mobile device receiving from a registration GUI at least
the payment ID and the
32 supplemental ID, and transmitting the payment ID and the supplemental ID
to the computing
22120994.1
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CA 02743035 2012-03-01
device; and, the mobile device, upon receiving from the computing device that
the payment ID
2 and the supplemental ID are successfully verified, obtaining a component
for the mobile device
3 ID. In another aspect, the transaction data comprises at least one of the
transaction's invoice
4 number, an amount of payment, a date of the transaction, a time of the
transaction, a shipping
address, a billing address, a purchaser's email, and a purchaser's phone
number. In another
6 aspect, the first MAC is computed by applying a MAC algorithm to the
transaction data and the
7 mobile device ID. In another aspect, the secret key is stored on an
Internet application on the
8 mobile device. In another aspect, the secret key is stored on a trusted
platform module on the
9 mobile device. In another aspect, the secret key is stored on a near
field communications
(NFC) chip on the mobile device. In another aspect, the secret key is stored
on a subscriber
11 identity module (SIM) card on the mobile device. In another aspect, the
secret key is stored on
12 a removable storage device in the mobile device. In another aspect, the
secret key is stored on
13 an application's storage on the mobile device. In another aspect, the
secret key is generated on
14 the mobile device and is sent to the computing device,
[00258] The steps or operations in the flow charts described herein are
just for example,
16 There may be many variations to these steps or operations. For instance,
the steps may be
17 performed in a differing order, or steps may be added, deleted, or
modified.
18 [00259] The GUIs described herein are just for example. There may
be many variations
19 and configurations to the graphical components and their interface
operations. For instance, the
GUI components may be configured in a differing order, or GUI components may
be added,
21 deleted, or modified.
22 [00260] While basic principles have been herein illustrated along
with the embodiments
23 shown, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that
variations in the disclosed
24 arrangement, both as to its details and the organization of such
details, may be made.
Accordingly, it is intended that the foregoing disclosure and the showings
made in the drawings
26 will be considered only as illustrative of the principles described
herein, and not construed in a
27 limiting sense.
22120994.2
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Representative Drawing
A single figure which represents the drawing illustrating the invention.
Administrative Status

For a clearer understanding of the status of the application/patent presented on this page, the site Disclaimer , as well as the definitions for Patent , Administrative Status , Maintenance Fee  and Payment History  should be consulted.

Administrative Status

Title Date
Forecasted Issue Date 2017-08-08
(22) Filed 2011-06-14
Examination Requested 2011-06-14
(41) Open to Public Inspection 2011-08-24
(45) Issued 2017-08-08

Abandonment History

Abandonment Date Reason Reinstatement Date
2014-01-10 R30(2) - Failure to Respond 2015-01-12
2016-01-07 R30(2) - Failure to Respond 2017-01-05

Maintenance Fee

Last Payment of $347.00 was received on 2024-03-15


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Description Date Amount
Next Payment if small entity fee 2025-06-16 $125.00
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Payment History

Fee Type Anniversary Year Due Date Amount Paid Paid Date
Advance an application for a patent out of its routine order $500.00 2011-06-14
Request for Examination $800.00 2011-06-14
Application Fee $400.00 2011-06-14
Registration of a document - section 124 $100.00 2012-01-27
Maintenance Fee - Application - New Act 2 2013-06-14 $100.00 2013-06-13
Maintenance Fee - Application - New Act 3 2014-06-16 $100.00 2014-06-16
Reinstatement - failure to respond to examiners report $200.00 2015-01-12
Registration of a document - section 124 $100.00 2015-01-12
Registration of a document - section 124 $100.00 2015-01-12
Maintenance Fee - Application - New Act 4 2015-06-15 $100.00 2015-06-09
Maintenance Fee - Application - New Act 5 2016-06-14 $200.00 2016-06-07
Reinstatement - failure to respond to examiners report $200.00 2017-01-05
Maintenance Fee - Application - New Act 6 2017-06-14 $200.00 2017-02-16
Final Fee $300.00 2017-06-20
Maintenance Fee - Patent - New Act 7 2018-06-14 $200.00 2018-06-01
Maintenance Fee - Patent - New Act 8 2019-06-14 $200.00 2019-03-18
Registration of a document - section 124 $100.00 2019-11-22
Registration of a document - section 124 $100.00 2019-11-22
Registration of a document - section 124 $100.00 2019-11-22
Maintenance Fee - Patent - New Act 9 2020-06-15 $200.00 2020-02-14
Registration of a document - section 124 2020-09-15 $100.00 2020-09-15
Maintenance Fee - Patent - New Act 10 2021-06-14 $255.00 2021-06-04
Maintenance Fee - Patent - New Act 11 2022-06-14 $254.49 2022-06-03
Maintenance Fee - Patent - New Act 12 2023-06-14 $263.14 2023-05-08
Maintenance Fee - Patent - New Act 13 2024-06-14 $347.00 2024-03-15
Owners on Record

Note: Records showing the ownership history in alphabetical order.

Current Owners on Record
STICKY.IO, INC.
Past Owners on Record
8538824 CANADA CORP.
ADMERIS PAYMENT SYSTEMS INC.
LIME LIGHT CRM, INC.
SALT PAYMENTS, INC.
SALT TECHNOLOGY INC.
XTREME MOBILITY INC.
Past Owners that do not appear in the "Owners on Record" listing will appear in other documentation within the application.
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Document
Description 
Date
(yyyy-mm-dd) 
Number of pages   Size of Image (KB) 
Cover Page 2011-07-27 1 60
Representative Drawing 2011-07-29 1 24
Abstract 2011-06-14 1 25
Description 2011-06-14 66 4,345
Claims 2011-06-14 19 818
Drawings 2011-06-14 25 879
Claims 2011-10-26 7 377
Description 2012-03-01 66 4,341
Claims 2012-03-01 8 334
Claims 2012-06-21 8 317
Claims 2012-11-01 8 392
Claims 2013-09-11 8 453
Claims 2015-01-12 4 187
Claims 2017-01-05 3 103
Final Fee 2017-06-20 3 99
Representative Drawing 2017-07-06 1 24
Cover Page 2017-07-06 1 57
Prosecution-Amendment 2011-09-02 2 69
Prosecution-Amendment 2011-08-24 1 15
Assignment 2011-06-14 11 336
Prosecution-Amendment 2011-10-26 11 505
Prosecution-Amendment 2011-12-01 4 157
Assignment 2012-01-27 5 187
Prosecution-Amendment 2012-03-01 27 1,210
Prosecution-Amendment 2012-03-23 4 172
Prosecution-Amendment 2012-06-21 22 882
Prosecution-Amendment 2012-08-01 5 260
Prosecution-Amendment 2012-11-01 24 1,206
Prosecution-Amendment 2013-06-11 5 247
Fees 2013-06-13 1 33
Prosecution-Amendment 2013-09-11 24 1,557
Prosecution-Amendment 2013-10-10 2 72
Prosecution-Amendment 2014-04-22 1 19
Fees 2014-06-16 1 33
Correspondence 2015-01-12 5 1,599
Prosecution-Amendment 2015-01-12 7 301
Assignment 2015-01-12 26 859
Correspondence 2015-01-28 1 23
Correspondence 2015-01-28 1 25
Fees 2015-06-09 1 33
Examiner Requisition 2015-07-07 6 324
Fees 2016-06-07 1 33
Amendment 2017-01-05 17 888