Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
ROOF DECK INTAKE VENT
[0001]
BACKGROUND
[0002] Buildings, such as for example residential buildings, are typically
covered by a
sloping roof planes. The interior portion of the building located directly
below the sloping
roof planes forms a space called an attic. If unventilated or under-
ventilated, condensation
can form on the interior surfaces within the attic. The condensation can cause
damage to
various building components within the attic, such as for example insulation,
as well as
potentially causing damage to the building structure of the attic. In
addition, unventilated or
under-ventilated spaces are known to cause ice blockages ("ice dams") on the
sloping roof
planes. The ice blockages can cause water to damage portions of the various
building
components forming the roof and the attic.
[0003] Accordingly it is known to ventilate attics, thereby helping to
prevent the
formation of condensation. Some buildings are formed with structures and
mechanisms that
facilitate attic ventilation. The structures and mechanisms can operate in
active or passive
manners. An example of a structure configured to actively facilitate attic
ventilation is an
attic fan. An attic fan can be positioned at one end of the attic, typically
adjacent an attic
gable vent, or positioned adjacent a roof vent. The attic fan is configured to
exhaust air
within the attic and replace the exhausted air with fresh air.
[0004] Examples of structures configured to passively facilitate attic
ventilation include
ridge vents and soffit vents. Ridge vents are structures positioned at the
roof ridge, which is
the intersection of the uppeunost sloping roof planes. In some cases, the
ridge vents are
designed to cooperate with the soffit vents, positioned near the gutters, to
allow a flow of air
to enter the soffit vents, travel through a space between adjoining roof
rafters to the attic,
travel through the attic and exit through the ridge vents.
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[0005] However, some buildings may not be formed with structures, or
include
mechanisms, that facilitate ventilation of an attic. It would be advantageous
if a ventilation
system for an attic could be provided for buildings with or without
ventilating structures or
mechanisms.
SUMMARY OF TIIE INVENTION
[0006] According to this invention there is provided a roof deck intake
vent. The roof
deck intake vent includes a first portion connected to a second portion. The
first portion is
further connected to an upper edge and the second portion further connected to
a lower edge.
Opposing first and second side walls are connected to the first and second
portions. The
opposing first and second side walls extend from the upper edge to the lower
edge. The first
and second side walls form an extension having a lower surface. The first
portion, upper
edge, and the extension cooperate to form an air intake, such that air
entering the roof deck
intake vent enters the vent through the lower surface of the extension when
the roof deck
intake vent is installed on an edge or eave of the roof.
[0006a] In one aspect, the invention provides a roof deck intake vent
comprising: a first
top wall connected to a second top wall, the first top wall extending from a
lower edge to the
second top wall, and the second top wall extending from the first top wall to
an upper edge;
opposing first and second side walls connected to the first and second top
walls, the opposing
first and second side walls extending from the upper edge to the lower edge,
and from the
first and second top walls, the first and second side walls each including a
main portion
extending from the upper edge to an extension portion, the extension portion
extending from
the main portion to the lower edge; wherein at least a portion of each
extension portion
extends below a bottom edge of each main portion when the bottom edge is
oriented
horizontally.
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[0006b] In one aspect, the invention provides a roof comprising: an cave; a
roof deck
extending to the cave; a plurality of shingles arranged on the roof deck; and
a roof deck
intake vent disposed on the roof deck, the roof deck intake vent comprising: a
first top wall
connected to a second top wall, the first top wall extending from a lower edge
to the second
top wall, and the second top wall extending from the first top wall to an
upper edge;
opposing first and second side walls connected to the first and second top
walls, the opposing
first and second side walls extending from the upper edge to the lower edge,
and from the
first and second top walls, the first and second side walls each including a
main portion
extending from the upper edge to an extension portion, the extension portion
extending from
the main portion to the lower edge: wherein at least a portion of each
extension portion
extends below a bottom edge of the main portion when the bottom edge is
oriented
horizontally; wherein extension portions are disposed beyond the cave of the
roof and
extending below a plane defined by an outer surface of the roof deck.
[0006c] In one aspect, the invention provides a roof deck intake vent
comprising: an cave;
a roof deck extending to the cave; a plurality of shingles arranged on the
roof deck; and a
roof deck intake vent disposed on the roof deck, the roof deck intake vent
comprising: a first
top wall connected to a second top wall, the first top wall extending from a
lower edge to the
second top wall, and the second top wall extending from the first top wall to
the upper edge;
opposing first and second side walls connected to the first and second top
walls, the opposing
first and second side walls extending from the upper edge to the lower edge,
and from the
first and second top walls, the first and second walls each including a main
portion extending
from the upper edge to an extension portion, the extension portion extending
from the main
portion to the lower edge; wherein at least a portion of each extension
portion extends below
a bottom edge of the main portion when the bottom edge is oriented
horizontally; wherein
extension portions are disposed on the roof deck; and wherein the extension
portions form a
gap between the roof deck and the lower edge.
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[0007] Various objects and advantages will become apparent to those skilled
in the art
from the following detailed description of the invention, when read in light
of the
accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the
2b
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drawings are for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as defining
the
limits of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] Figure 1 is a side view, in elevation, of a portion of a building
structure
incorporating a first embodiment of a roof deck intake vent.
[0009] Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of the top of the roof deck
intake vent
of Figure 1.
[0010] Figure 2A is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a roof deck
intake vent.
[0011] Figure 2B is a side view of the roof deck intake vent illustrated by
Figure
2A.
[0012] Figure 3 is a partial perspective view of the bottom of the roof deck
intake
vent of Figure 1.
[0013] Figure 3A is a perspective view of the bottom of the roof deck intake
vent
of Figure 2A.
[0014] Figure 4 is a perspective view of a portion of the intake vent of
Figure 3
illustrating a first nailing boss.
[0015] Figure 4A is a perspective view of a portion of the intake vent of
Figure
3A illustrating a first nailing boss.
[0016] Figure 5 is a side view, in elevation, of a portion of the intake
vent of
Figure 2 illustrating a spoiler, an upper edge and an extension.
[0017] Figure 5A is a side view, in elevation, of a portion of the intake
vent of
Figure 2A illustrating a spoiler, an upper edge and an extension.
[0018] Figure 6 is a partial perspective view of portions of two intakes
vent of
Figure 1 illustrating attachment fixtures and attachment receptacles.
[0019] Figure 6A is a partial perspective view of portions of two intake
vents of
Figure 2A illustrating attachment with shiplap joining structures.
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[0020] Figure 7 is a side view, in elevation, of a portion of a building
structure
incorporating a another embodiment of a roof deck intake vent.
[0021] Figure 7A is a side view, in elevation, of a portion of a building
structure
incorporating a another embodiment of a roof deck intake vent.
[0022] Figure 8 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a roof deck
intake
vent.
[0023] Figure 9 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a roof deck
intake
vent.
[0024] Figure 10 is a partial perspective view of another embodiment of a roof
deck intake vent.
[0025] Figure 11 is a partial perspective view of the bottom of the roof
deck
intake vent of Figure 10.
[0026] Figure 12 is a side view, in elevation, of a portion of a building
structure
incorporating another embodiment of a roof deck intake vent.
[0027] Figure 13 illustrates the building structure and roof deck intake
vent shown
in Figure 12, with ice building up in a gutter. and
[0028] Figure 14 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of shingles installed
on a
roof deck intake vent with exposed portions of the shingles aligned with
profile.
breaks of the roof deck intake vent.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0029] The present invention will now be described with occasional
reference to
the specific embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be
embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the
embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that
this
disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of
the
invention to those skilled in the art.
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[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used
herein
have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the
art to
which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the
invention herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not
intended to
be limiting of the invention. As used in the description of the invention and
the.
appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to
include the
plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0031] Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of
dimensions such as length, width, height, and so forth as used in the
specification and
claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term
"about."
Accordingly, unless otherwise indicated, the numerical properties set forth in
the
specification and claims are approximations that may vary depending on the
desired
properties sought to be obtained in embodiments of the present invention.
Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the
broad
scope of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in
the
specific examples are reported as precisely as possible. Any numerical values,
however, inherently contain certain errors necessarily resulting from error
found in
their respective measurements.
[00321 In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, a roof deck
intake vent (hereafter "vent") is provided. It will be understood the term
"ridge"
refers to the intersection of the uppermost sloping roof planes. The term
"roof deck"
is defined to mean the plane defined by a roof surface. The term "sheathing",
as used
herein, is defined to mean exterior grade boards used as a roof deck material.
The
term "roof deck", as used herein, is defined to mean the surface installed
over the
supporting framing members to which the roofing is applied. The term "louvers"
as
used herein, is defined to mean a quantity of openings positioned in a ridge
vent
and/or an intake vent and used for ventilation purposes.
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[0033] Referring now to Figure 1, one example of an exterior building
sidewall
(hereafter "sidewall") is shown generally at 10. The sidewall 10 is configured
to
separate the interior areas 12 of the building from areas 14 exterior to the
building, as
well as providing a structural, protective and aesthetically pleasing covering
to the
sides of the building. The sidewall 10 can be formed from various structural
framing
members, such as the non-limiting examples of top plates 16a and 16b, and
studs 18
extending from the top plates, 16a and 16b, to bottom plates (not shown). The
top
plates 16a and 16b, studs 18 and bottom plates can be configured to provide
surfaces
to which additional framing members or wall panels can be attached. In
certain.
embodiment, the top plates 16a and 16b, studs 18 and bottom plates are made of
wood. In other embodiments, the top plates 16a and 16b, studs 18 and bottom
plates
can be made of other desired materials, including the non-limiting example of
steel.
The top plates 16a and 16b, studs 18 and bottom plates can have any desired
dimensions.
[0034] Referring again to Figure 1, the sidewall 10 has an exterior surface
30 and
an interior surface 32. The exterior surface 30 of the sidewall 10 is covered
by an
exterior sheathing 20 that is attached to the various structural framing
members. The
exterior sheathing 20 is configured to provide rigidity to the sidewall 10 and
also
configured to provide a surface for exterior wall coverings 22. In the
illustrated
embodiment, the exterior sheathing 20 is made of oriented strand board (OSB)..
In
other embodiments, the exterior sheathing 20 can be made of other materials,
such as
for example plywood, waferboard, rigid foam or fiberboard, sufficient to
provide
rigidity to the sidewall 10 and to provide a surface for the exterior wall
coverings 22.
[0035] The exterior wall covering 22 is configured to provide a protective
and
aesthetically pleasing covering to the sidewall 10. The exterior wall covering
22 can
be made of any suitable materials, such as for example brick, wood, stucco or
vinyl
siding, sufficient to provide a protective and aesthetically pleasing covering
to the
sidewall 10.
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CA 02810153 2013-03-22
100361 The interior surface 32 of the sidewall 10 can be covered by a
construction
material 24. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the construction
material 24 is
formed from sections or panels of gypsum or drywall. In other embodiments, the
construction material 24 can be any desired material or combination of
materials,
such as the non-limiting examples of paneling, tile or masonry products.
[0037] Referring again to Figure 1, a ceiling 26 is formed within the
interior areas
12 of the building, adjacent the upper portions of the sidewall 10. The
ceiling 26 can
be attached to ceiling joists (not shown) and can be made from any desired
materials,
including the non-limiting examples of ceiling tile, drywall or gypsum.
Optionally,
the ceiling 26 can be covered by ceiling covering materials (not shown), such
as for
example paint or tile. In still other embodiments, the ceiling 26 can
optionally
include vapor barriers or vapor retarders (not shown).
100381 A roof structure 34 is connected to the sidewall 10. In the
illustrated
embodiment, the roof structure 34 includes a plurality of roof rafters 36
attached to
the sidewall 10. The roof rafters 36 are configured to support other
structures, such
as for example, a roof deck 38 and a plurality of overlapping shingles 40. In
the
illustrated embodiment, the roof rafters 36 are made from framing lumber,
having
sizes including, but not limited to 2.0 inches thick by 10.0 inches wide.
Alternatively, the roof rafters 36 can be made from other desired materials
and have
other desired sizes. In the illustrated embodiment, the roof deck 38 is formed
from
panel-based materials such as oriented strand board (OSB). In other
embodiments,
the roof deck 38 can be made of other materials, such as for example plywood.
While the illustrated embodiment shows the roof structure 34 to be formed from
roof
rafters 36, a roof deck 38 and shingles 40, it should be understood that in
other
embodiments, the roof structure 34 can include or be formed from other desired
structures. It should be further understood that the shingles 40 can be any
desired
roofing material.
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[0039] In certain embodiments, portions of the roof structure 34 can
further
include a first ice and water barrier layer 41 positioned between the roof
deck 38 and
the shingles 40. The first ice and water barrier layer 41 is configured to
protect the
roof structure from wind driven rain and from areas of the roof structure
where water
has a tendency to collect or flow and thereby form an ice dam. The first ice
and
water barrier layer 41 can be formed from any desired materials. While the
embodiment illustrated in Figure 1 shows a first ice and water barrier layer
41, it
should be understood that some regional code authorities require the use of
the ice
and water barrier layer 41 and other regional code authorities require a
standard
roofing underlayment in lieu of an ice and water barrier layer. Accordingly,
the use
of the term "ice and water barrier layer", as used herein, is defined to mean
either an
ice and water barrier layer or a standard roofing underlayment.
[0040] Referring again to Figure 1, a plurality of fascia boards 46 can be
connected to the exterior sheathing 20 and the roof structure 34. The fascia
boards
46 are configured for several purposes including creating a smooth, even
appearance
on the edge of the roof structure 34, protecting the roof and the interior of
the house
from weather damage and as a point of attachment for a plurality of gutters
48. "In
certain embodiments, the fascia boards 46 can be made from wood materials such
as
for example cedar. In other embodiments, the fascia boards 46 can be formed
from
other desired materials, including the non-limiting examples of polymeric
materials
or cementitious materials.
[0041] As discussed above, the gutters 48 are attached to the fascia boards
46.
The gutters 48 are configured to catch rain water flowing from the roof
structure 34
and provide a conduit for the rain water to flow to downspouts (not shown).
The
gutters 48 can have any desired cross-sectional shape and can be attached to
the
fascia boards 46 in any desired manner. The gutters 48 have a vertical segment
49
positioned against the fascia boards 46.
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[0042] Referring again to Figure 1, in one exemplary embodiment the
building
structure includes a drip edge or gutter apron 50, which are known to those of
ordinary skill in the art. In this application, the terms "drip edge" and
"gutter apron"
are used interchangeably, since they perform essentially the same function,
and .even
though drip edges and gutter aprons may have different physical
configurations. In
the illustrated embodiment, a drip edge 50 includes a first segment 52 and a
second
segment 54. Generally, the drip edge 50 is positioned such that the first
segment 52
of the drip edge 50 covers the vertical segment 49 of the gutter 48 and the
second
segment 54 of the drip edge 50 is between the first ice and water barrier
layer 41 and
a roof deck intake vent 56. The drip edge 50 is configured to protect the roof
deck 38
and the fascia boards 46 at the edge of the roof structure 34, as well as help
water
drip clear of the underlying exterior sidewall 10 and into the gutter 48. The
drip edge
50 can be made from any desired material, including the non-limiting examples
of
sheet metal and polymeric materials. The roof deck intake vent 56 will be
discussed
in more detail below.
[0043] Referring again to Figure 1, an attic 42 can be formed in the space
between
the ceiling 26 and the roof structure 34. Optionally, one of more layers of
insulation
44 can be installed in the attic 42 and positioned over the ceiling 26 to
insulate the
interior areas 12 of the building. The layers of insulation 44 can be any
desired type
of insulation, such as for example batts or blankets of fiberous insulation or
loosefill
insulation, sufficient to insulate the interior areas 12 of the building.
Additionally,
the layer of insulation 44 can have any desired depth.
[0044] In certain embodiments, a plurality of rafter vents 58 is installed
to the
interior side of the roof deck 58 and between adjacent rafters 36. The rafter
vents 58
are configured to create spaces between adjacent rafters and the insulation
layer 44
such as to allow air to flow freely up the rafters 36 and into the attic 42.
One
example of a rafter vent 58 is the Raft-R-Mate, marketed by Owens Coming,
9
headquartered in Toledo, Ohio. However, it should be appreciated that other
rafter vents 58
can be used.
[0045] Referring again to Figure 1 and as discussed above, the roof deck
intake vent 56
(hereafter "intake vent") is positioned at the lower edge of the roof
structure 34, between the
first ice and water barrier layer 41 and a second ice and water barrier layer
68. Generally, the
intake vent 56 is configured as a conduit, to allow a flow of air external to
the building to
enter the roof structure 34 through a slot formed in the roof deck 38 and flow
freely up the
rafters 36 and into the attic 42, the flow of air is shown by the direction
arrows A.
[0046] The roof vent can take a wide variety of different forms. For
example, Figures 2,
3, 4, 5, and 6 illustrate a first exemplary embodiment of an intake vent,
Figures 2A, 3A, 4A,
5A, and 6A illustrate a second exemplary embodiment of an intake vent, and
Figures 8-11
illustrate features that can optionally be included in either embodiment of
the intake vent 56.
Any of the features of the first embodiment can be included in the vent of the
second
embodiment and vice versa. Further, roof vents of the present invention can be
constructed
using any combination or sub-combination of the features shown and described
in this patent
application. The roof vents 56 arc described herein primarily in view of the
Figures of the
first embodiment, with only the differences of the second embodiment being
described.
[0047] Referring now to Figures 2 and 3 and 2A, 2B, and 3A, the intake vent
56 includes
a plurality of different portions, each having a different slope. In the
exemplary embodiment
illustrated by Figures 2 and 3, the intake vent 56 includes a first portion 60
and a second
portion 62. The first portion 60 and the second portion 62 each comprise a
wall having a top
surface, 60a and 62a, respectively and a bottom surface 60b and 62b,
respectively. The first
portion wall 60 is connected to a lower edge 64 and the second portion wall 62
is connected
to an upper edge 66.
[0048] As can be seen by Figure 2, the top surfaces, 60a and 62a, form
distinct planes
that intersect at a transition line 63 or profile break. Accordingly, the
intake vent 56 has a
top surface 65 formed from the intersecting planes formed by the top surfaces,
60a and 62a.
CA 2810153 2019-11-01
[0049] In the exemplary embodiment illustrated by Figures 2A, 2B, and 3A,
the intake
vent 56 includes a first portion 60 and a second portion 62 that are spaced
apart by a middle
or transition portion 261. The first portion 60, the middle or transition
portion 261, and the
second portion 62 each comprise a wall having a top surface, 60a, 261a, and
62a,
respectively and a bottom surface 60b, 261b, and 62b, respectively. The first
portion 60 is
connected to the lower edge 64 and the second portion 62 is connected to the
upper edge 66.
[0050] As can be seen by Figures 2A and 2B, the top surfaces, 60a, 261a.
and 62a, form
distinct planes that intersect. The top surface 60a of the first portion 60
intersects the top
surface 261a of the middle portion at transition line 363 or profile break.
The top surface 62a
of the second portion 62 intersects the top surface 261a of the middle portion
at transition
line 263 or profile break. Accordingly, the intake vent 56 has a top surface
65 formed from
the three intersecting planes formed by the top surfaces, 60a, 261a, and 62a.
The vent 56
may have any number of intersecting top surfaces. In the illustrated
embodiment, the top
surfaces are illustrated as being planar. However, in other embodiments, the
top surfaces
may have other shapes.
[0051] Referring now to Figure 2, at one end of the intake vent 56, a first
side wall 73 is
connected to the first and second portions, 60 and 62, and extends from the
lower edge 64 to
the upper edge 66. Similarly, at the other end of the intake vent 56, a second
side wall 75 is
connected to the first and second portions, 60 and 62, and extends from the
lower edge 64 to
the upper edge 66. The first side wall 73 has a bottom edge 77 and the second
side wall 75
has a bottom edge 79 (not shown for purposes of clarity). The first side wall
73 and the
second side wall 75 each include a main portion extending from the upper edge
66 to an
extension portion, the extension portion extending from the main portion to
the lower edge
64.
[0052] In the exemplary embodiment illustrated by Figures 2A and 2B, at one
end of the
intake vent 56, the first side wall 73 is connected to the first, second, and
transition portions.
60, 62, and 261, and extends from the lower edge 64 to the upper edge 66.
Similarly, at the
other end of the intake vent 56, a second side wall 75 is connected to the
first, second, and
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transition portions, 60, 62, and 261, and extends from the lower edge 64 to
the upper edge
66.
[0053] In each illustrated embodiment, the lower edge 64 of the first
portion 60 is a
continuous structure that forms a wall. The term "continuous structure that
forms a wall", as
used herein, is defined to mean a structure, uninterrupted by gaps, used as a
barrier.
Accordingly, the lower edge 64 is configured to prevent a flow of air from
entering the
intake vent 56 through the lower edge 64. That is, air cannot flow through the
lower edge
64. Rather, air may enter the vent by flowing under the lower edge 64 and then
up into the
vent. In some embodiments, air may enter the vent by flowing over the lower
edge 64 and
down through louvers 78 as described in more detail below.
[0054] Referring now to Figures 2, 2A, and 2B, in each exemplary embodiment
the
intake vent 56 has a length Li and a width W. In the illustrated embodiment,
the length Li
is in a range or from about 12.0 inches to about 18.0 inches and the width W
is in range of
from about 36.0 inches to about 60.0 inches. Alternatively, the length Li of
the intake vent
56 can be less than about 12.0 inches or more than about 18.0 inches and the
width W can be
less than about 36.0 inches or more than about 60.0 inches.
[0055] In the exemplary embodiment illustrated by Figure 2, the first
portion 60 of the
intake vent 56 has a length L2 and the second portion 62 of the intake vent 56
has a length
L3. The lengths L2 and L3 are generally associated with a distance DS, that is
the distance
of a slot 108 positioned in the roof deck 38 as shown in Figure 1. The slot
108 and the
distance DS will be discussed in more detail below. In the embodiment
illustrated in Figure
2, the length L2 is in a range of from about 4.0 inches to about 9.0 inches
and the length L3
is in a range of from about 3.0 to about 14.0 inches. Alternatively, the
length L2 of the first
portion can be less than about
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4.0 inches or more than about 9.0 inches and the length L3 can be less than
about 3.0
inches or more than about 14.0 inches.
[0056] In the exemplary embodiment illustrated by Figures 2A and 2B, the first
portion 60 of the intake vent 56 has a length L2, the intermediate portion of
the vent
56 has a length L4, and the second portion 62 of the intake vent 56 has a
length L3.
The lengths L2, L3, and L4 are generally associated with the distance DS. In
the
embodiment illustrated in Figures 2A and 2B, the lengths L2 and L4 are each in
a
range of from about 3.0 to about 12.0 inches and the length L3 is in a range
of from
about 2.0 inches to about 7Ø Alternatively, the lengths L2 and L4 of the
first =
portion can be less than about 3.0 inches or more than about 12.0 inches each
and the
length L3 can be less than about 2.0 inches or more than about 12.0 inches.
[0057] Referring
to Figure 14, in one exemplary embodiment the positions of the
profile breaks 263, 363 between the sections 60, 261, and/or 62 are selected
to
correspond to align with features of a shingle. For example, the positions of
the
profile breaks 263, 363 may be selected to align with shingle surface breaks
on a
single layer and/or dimensional shingle. For example, the positions of the
profile
breaks may be selected to match the dimension of the portion of the shingle
that is
exposed. In Figure 14, the line 1410 on each shingle indicates where the
shingle
transitions from a headlap portion to a tab portion. For example, in one
exemplary
embodiment shingles are installed such that 5-5/8" of each shingle is exposed.
In this
embodiment, the length L2 of the first portion 60 of the intake vent 56 would
be 5-
5/8" and the length L4 of the intermediate portion 261 would be 5-5/8". In the
example illustrated by Figure 14, a lower edge 1420 of the lowermost shingle
1422
abuts the spoiler 72. A lower edge 1430 of the next shingle 1432 aligns with
the
break 363 between the first section 60 and the intermediate section 261. A
lower
edge 1440 of the next shingle 1442 aligns with the break 263 between the
intermediate section 261 and the second section 62. The example illustrated by
Figure 14 shows single layer shingles to simplify the drawing. However, the
concept
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is also applicable to aligning the breaks between the vent sections with
shingle
surface breaks and/or the edges of the exposed portions of multi-layer
dimensional
shingles. This concept is also applicable to vents with any number of sections
and
corresponding breaks. For example, the break between the portions 60, 62 of
the
vent illustrated by Figure 2 may correspond to the dimension of the exposed
portion
of a shingle. The positions of profile breaks of shingles having more than
three
portions may be similarly selected.
[0058] Referring again to Figures 2 and 2A, in each exemplary embodiment the
first portion 60 includes a plurality of fastening apertures 70a. Similarly,
the second
portion 62 includes a plurality of fastening apertures 70b. The fastening
apertures
70a and 70b, are spaced apart along the length L and the width W of the intake
vent
56. The fastening apertures 70a and 70b have an internal diameter DA. The
internal
diameter DA is oversized in relation to a fastener (not shown) extending
through the
fastening apertures 70a and 70b. The oversized internal diameter DA of the
fastening
apertures 70a and 70b is configured to allow a loose fit between the fastening
apertures 70a and 70b and the fastener such that slight movement of the intake
vent
56 relative to the fasteners is possible. In one embodiment, the fastener is a
roofing
nail. In other embodiments, the fastener can be other desired devices,
including, but
not limited to flat-headed screws. In the illustrated embodiment, the internal
diameter DA of the fastening apertures 70a and 70b is approximately 0.12
inches
corresponding roughly to a roofing nail having a 12 gauge shank diameter.
Alternatively, the internal diameter DA can be more or less than approximately
0.12
inches corresponding to fasteners having other desired shank diameters such
that
slight movement of the intake vent 56 relative to the fasteners is possible.
[0059] Referring to Figure 2, the fastening apertures 70a are separated by
a
distance LFA 1 . The distance LFA1 is configured to provide a sufficient
quantity of
fastening points to secure the intake vent 56 to the roof deck 38. In the
illustrated
embodiment, the distance LFA1 is in a range of from about 6.0 inches to about
16.0
14
inches. In other embodiments, the distance LFA1 can be less than about 6.0
inches or more
than about 16.0 inches, sufficient to provide a sufficient quantity of
fastening points to secure
the intake vent 56 to the roof deck 38. Similarly, the fastening apertures 70b
are separated
by a distance LFA2. The distance LFA2 is configured to provide a sufficient
quantity of
fastening points to secure the intake vent 56 to the roof deck 38. In the
illustrated
embodiment, the distance LFA2 is in a range of from about 6.0 inches to about
16.0 inches.
In other embodiments, the distance LFA2 can be less than about 6.0 inches or
more than
about 16.0 inches, sufficient to provide a sufficient quantity of fastening
points to secure the
intake vent 56 to the roof deck 38.
[0060] Referring again to Figures 2, 2A, 2B, in each illustrated embodiment
the first
portion 60 of the intake vent 56 includes an optional spoiler 72. The spoiler
72 extends from
the top surface 60a of the first portion 60 at the lower edge 64. In the
illustrated
embodiment, the spoiler 72 extends along the width W of the intake vent 56.
Alternatively,
the spoiler 72 can extend a desired distance that is shorter than the width W
of the intake vent
56. In the illustrated embodiment, the spoiler 72 is a discontinuous
structure, that is, the
spoiler 72 includes a plurality of spaced apart slots 74. The slots are
configured to allow
water drainage from the top surface 60a of the intake vent 56. However, it
should be
appreciated that in other embodiments, the spoiler 72 can be a continuous
structure.
Generally, the spoiler 72 is configured to assist in the flow of air over the
shingles 40,
thereby reducing potential uplift forces that may be acting on the shingles
from natural
forces, such as for example a hard wind. The spoiler 72 and the flow of air
over the shingles
40 will be discussed in more detail below.
[0061] As shown in Figure 2, optionally the intake vent 56 can include
indicia 76
positioned on the top surfaces, 60a and 62a of the first and second portions,
60 and 62, of the
intake vent 56. The indicia 76 can include a variety of desired messages,
including, but not
limited to product and company logos, promotional messages,
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installation instructions and product features. However, configuring the
intake vent
56 to include indicia 76 is optional and not necessary to the use of the
intake vent 56.
[0062] Referring
again to Figure 2, in one exemplary embodiment, optionally the
top surfaces, 60a and 62a, of the intake vent 56 are configured to improve
adhesion
with an overlying ice and water barrier layer. This improved adhesion can be
accomplished in a wide variety of different ways. For example, the top surface
60a,
62a may be textured, coated with an adhesion promoting substance, and/or
provided
with an adhesive. In the example illustrated by Figure 2, optionally the top
surfaces,
60a and 62a, of the intake vent 56 can be textured, as shown by reference
character
61. The term "textured", as used herein, is defined to mean having a non-
smooth
surface characteristic. As will be discussed in more detail below, the
textured
surfaces can improve adhesion with an overlying ice and water barrier layer.
The
textured surfaces can have any desired structure or combination of structures,
including the non-limiting examples of grooves, cross-hatchings or
granulations. The
textured surfaces can be formed by any desired forming process including the
non-
limiting examples of molding, machining, or manufacturing techniques including
flame, corona, acid or plasma treatments.
100631 In one exemplary embodiment, the top surface 60a, 62a may be coated
with an adhesion promoting substance and/or be provided with an adhesive. The
adhesive promoting substance and/or the adhesive may take a wide variety of
different forms. For example, the an adhesive promoting substance may be any
substance that an adhesive of the overlying ice and water barrier layer
adheres to
better than the underlying material of the intake vent. For example, the
adhesive may
be any substance that adheres well with an adhesive of the overlying ice and
water
barrier layer and/or that adheres well to the material of the overlying ice
and water
barrier layer. Examples of suitable adhesives to provide on the top surface
60a
and/or 60b include, but are not limited to asphalt, pressure sensitive
adhesives, heat
activated adhesives, two-part reactive adhesives (with one part provided on
the top
16
CA 02810153 2013-03-22
surfaces 60a, 60b and the second part provided on the overlying ice and water
barrier
layer), and the like. Any known adhesive system may be used.
[0064] Referring again to Figures 2, 2A, and 2B, in each embodiment the
intake
vent 56 includes a plurality of louvers 78. In the embodiment shown in Figure
1, the
louvers 78 are covered by the second ice and water barrier layer 68 and by
shingles
40. However, in other embodiments to be discussed below, the louvers 78
facilitate a
flow of air external to the building to enter the roof structure through a
slot formed in
the roof deck and flow freely up the rafters and into the attic. In the
illustrated
embodiments, the louvers 78 are arranged in a column and row configuration. In
the
embodiment illustrated by Figure 2, the louvers comprise a single column and a
plurality of rows extending substantially along the width W of the intake vent
56. In
the embodiment illustrated by Figure 2A, the louvers comprises a multiple
columns
and a plurality of rows extending substantially along the width W of the
intake vent
56. In other embodiments, the louvers 78 can be arranged in other desired
configurations. As shown in Figures 2 and 2A, the louvers 78 are positioned to
be
substantially adjacent the spoiler 72. In other embodiments, the louvers 78
can be
positioned in other desired locations sufficient to allow the flow of air
external to the
building to enter the roof structure through a slot formed in the roof deck
and flow
freely up the rafters and into the attic.
[0065] In the Figure 2 embodiment, the louvers 78 have a rectangular shape; In
the Figure 2A embodiment, the louvers 78 have a square shape. In other
embodiments, the louvers 78 can have other shapes, including, but not limited
to
round or hexagonal shapes sufficient to allow the flow of air external to the
building
to enter the roof structure through a slot formed in the roof deck and flow
freely up
the rafters and into the attic. In the embodiment illustrated by Figure 2,
there are a
single row of louvers 78. In other embodiments, multiple rows of optionally
smaller
louvers can be provided. The multiple rows result in a mesh configuration. The
smaller inlet openings provided by the mesh configuration reduces the
collection of
17
=
roof debris from water run-off for mid-roof installations (See Figure 7 for
the mid-roof
installation).
[0066] Referring again to Figures 2 and 2B, in the illustrated embodiments,
the top
surface 62a of the second portion 62 and the bottom edge 77 of the second
portion 62 form a
second portion angle a. The second portion angle a is configured to provide a
substantially
smooth transition for overlapping shingles 40 transitioning between the roof
deck 38 and the
intake vent 56. In the illustrated embodiment, the second portion angle a is
in a range of
from about 5.0 to about 30.0', for example from about 5.0 to about 15 , such
as about 7.5
to about 12.5 . In one exemplary embodiment, the illustrated second portion
angle a is
about 7.5 . In other embodiments, the second portion angle a can be less than
about 5.0 or
more than about 30.0' sufficient to provide a substantially smooth transition
for overlapping
shingles 40 transitioning between the roof deck 38 and the intake vent 56.
[0067] Referring to Figures 2 and 2B, in the two illustrated exemplary
embodiments the
first portion 60 of the intake vent 56 has a thickness TI. In the illustrated
embodiment, the
thickness Ti is about 1.0 inch. Alternatively, the thickness Ti can be more or
less than about
1.0 inch. In the embodiments illustrated by Figures 2 and 2A, the thickness Ti
is uniform
across the length L2 of the first portion 60. However in other embodiments,
the thickness Ti
can vary across the length L2 of the first portion 60.
[0068] Referring now to Figures 3 and Figure 3A, the bottom surfaces, 60b
and 62b, of
the first and second wall portions, 60 and 62, are illustrated. Figure 3A also
shows the
bottom surface 261b of the intermediate wall portion 261. In each illustrated
embodiment,
the plurality of fastening apertures 70a, spaced apart in the first portion
60, are defined by a
plurality of first nailing bosses 80. Similarly, in the Figure 3 embodiment
the plurality of
fastening apertures 70b, spaced apart in the second portion 62, are defined by
a plurality of
second nailing bosses 82. Generally, the first nailing bosses 80 are
positioned near the lower
edge 64 of the first portion 60
18
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and the second nailing bosses 82 are positioned near the upper edge 66 of the
second portion
62, although such is not required.
[0069] The first nailing bosses 80 include a cylindrical portion 84
supported by a nailing
baffle 86, as shown in Figures 4 and 4A. Similarly, the second nailing bosses
82 include a
cylindrical portion 88 supported by a nailing baffle 90, as shown in Figure 3.
The cylindrical
portions, 84 and 88, are configured to extend from the bottom surfaces, 60b
and 62b, of the
first and second portions, 60 and 62, to the roof deck 38, thereby providing a
solid support
surface for seating the fastener. The nailing baffles, 86 and 90, are
configured to support the
cylindrical portions, 84 and 88. Any desired number of nailing bosses, 80 and
82, can be
used.
[0070] The cylindrical portions, 84 and 88, have a diameter DCP. In the
illustrated
embodiment, the diameter DCP of the cylindrical portions, 84 and 88, is
approximately 0.31
inches. Alternatively, the diameter DCP of the cylindrical portions, 84 and
88, can be more
or less than approximately 0.31 inches.
[0071] Referring again to Figure 3, the first portion 60 of the intake vent
56 includes a
plurality of lower edge baffles 92, intermediate baffles 94 and interior
baffles 96. In the
Figure 3 embodiment, the lower edge baffles 92, intermediate baffles 94 and
interior baffles
96 extend in a direction that is generally perpendicular to the lower edge 64
of the first
portion of the intake vent 56. The lower edge baffles 92 and the intermediate
baffles 94 are
configured to provide structural support to the lower edge 64, as well as
providing structural
support to the areas of the first portion 60 in which the louvers 78 are
positioned. The lower
edge baffles 92 and the intermediate baffles 94 extend different lengths from
the lower edge
64. The lower edge baffles 92 have a length LB1. In the illustrated
embodiment, the length
LB1 is in a range of from about 0.5 inches to about 2.0 inches. However, in
other
embodiments, the length LB1 can be less than about 0.5 inches or more than
about 2.0 inches
sufficient to provide structural support to the lower edge 64 and the first
portion 60 of the
intake vent 56. The intermediate baffles 94 have a length LB2. In
19
CA 2810153 2019-11-01
the illustrated embodiment, the length LB2 is in a range of from about 1.5
inches to about 4.0
inches. In other embodiments, the length LB2 can be less than about 1.5 inches
or more than
about 4.0 inches sufficient to provide structural support to the lower edge 64
and the first
portion 60 of the intake vent 56. In the illustrated embodiment, all of the
lower edge baffles
92 have the same length LB1. In other embodiments, the lower edge baffles 92
can be
varying lengths. Similarly, it is also within the contemplation of this
invention that the
intermediate baffles 94 can have varying lengths.
[0072] Referring again to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 3, the
interior baffles 96
are oriented in a direction that is generally perpendicular to lower edge 64
and extend in a
line along the length Li of the intake vent 56. The interior baffles 96 are
configured to
provide structural support to the first portion 60. However, in other
embodiments the interior
baffles 96 can have different orientations relative to the lower edge 64 and
configurations
sufficient to provide structural support to the first portion 60. For example,
in the
embodiment illustrated by Figure 3B, baffles 396 are oriented in an angled
direction relative
to the lower edge 64 and comprise multiple segments. The baffles 396 may have
two legs
that meet to form a "V" shape.
[0073] In the illustrated embodiment illustrated by Figure 3, the interior
baffles 96 are
straight and have a length LB3. In the illustrated embodiment, the length LB3
is in a range
of about 0.5 inches to about 3.0 inches. Alternatively, the length LB3 can be
less than about
0.5 inches or more than about 3.0 inches sufficient to provide structural
support to the first
portion 60. Adjacent interior baffles 96 are separated by a distance DB. In
the embodiment
illustrated by Figure 3, the distance DB is in a range of from about 1.0 inch
to about 4.0
inches. However, in other embodiments, the distance DB can be less than about
1.0 inch or
more than about 4.0 inches sufficient configured to provide structural support
to the first
portion 60. While the interior baffles 96 in the illustrated embodiment are
all shown to have
the same
CA 2810153 2019-11-01
length LB3, it is within the contemplation of this invention that the interior
baffles 96 can
have varying lengths.
[0074] Referring again to Figures 3 and 3A, the second portion 62 of the
intake vent 56
includes a plurality of upper edge baffles 98. In the Figure 3A embodiment,
the upper edge
baffles 98 extend into the intermediate portion 261. The upper edge baffles 98
extend in a
direction that is generally perpendicular to the upper edge 66 of the second
portion of the
intake vent 56. The upper edge baffles 98 are configured to provide structural
support to the
areas of the second portion 62 in which the nailing bosses 82 are positioned.
The upper edge
baffles 98 extend a length LB4 from the upper edge 66. In the illustrated
embodiment, the
length LB4 is in a range of about 3.0 inches to about 6.0 inches.
Alternatively the length
LB4 can be less than about 3.0 inches or more than about 6.0 inches sufficient
configured to
provide structural support to the areas of the second portion 62 in which the
nailing bosses 82
are positioned. In the illustrated embodiment, all of the upper edge baffles
98 have the same
length LB4. In other embodiments, the upper edge baffles 98 can be varying
lengths.
[075] Referring again to Figures 3 and 3A, in each illustrated embodiment a
plurality of
spaced apart optional continuous baffles 99 extend from the lower edge 64 to
the upper edge
66. The continuous baffles 99 are configured to substantially prevent a cross-
flow of air
within an intake vent 56 or between adjacent intake vents 56. In the
illustrated embodiment,
the continuous baffles 99 are spaced apart a distance in a range of from about
6.0 inches to
about 16.0 inches. In other embodiments, the continuous baffles 99 can be
spaced apart a
distance of less than about 6.0 inches or more than about 16.0 inches.
[0076] While the embodiment shown in Figure 3 has lower baffles 92,
intermediate
baffles 94, interior baffles 96, upper edge baffles 98, nailing baffles 86 and
90 as straight
members that are oriented to be substantially perpendicular to the lower edge
64, it is within
the contemplation of this invention that the lower edge
21
CA 2810153 2019-11-01
baffles 92, intermediate baffles 94, interior baffles 96, upper edge baffles
98, nailing baffles
86 and 90 could be curved members or have curved portions and also could be
oriented at
any desired angle to the lower edge 64. For example, the baffles 396 are one
of the many
other baffle configurations that are possible.
[0077] Referring again to Figure 3 and Figure 2B, in each illustrated
embodiment the
material forming the first and second portions, 60 and 62, has a thickness 12.
The thickness
T2 is configured to provide the intake vent 56 with a desired rigidity. In the
illustrated
embodiment, the thickness T2 is in a range of from about 0.03 inches to about
0.10 inches.
In other embodiments, the thickness T2 can be less than about 0.03 inches or
more than
about 0.10 inches, sufficient to provide the intake vent 56 with a desired
rigidity.
100781 While the material forming the first and second portions, 60 and 62,
has been
described as having the thickness T2, the upper edge 66 of the second portion
62 has a
thickness 13, which in the illustrated embodiment is different from the
thickness T2. The
thickness 13 is configured to provide structural support to the upper edge 66.
In the
illustrated embodiment, the thickness T3 is in a range of from about 0.10
inches to about
0.20 inches. It should be appreciated that in other embodiments, the thickness
13 forming
the upper edge 66 can be less than about 0.06 inches or more than about 0.20
inches. In one
exemplary embodiment, the thickness 13 is greater than the thickness T2. For
example, the
thickness 13 may be 1.5 to 5 times the thickness of 12, such as about twice
the thickness of
T2.
[0079] Referring now to Figures 5 and 5A, in each of the illustrated
embodiments the
extension portion of the second side wall 75 (and the extension portion of the
first side wall
73, not shown in FIGS. 5 AND 5A) includes an extension 100. As will be
discussed in more
detail below, the extension 100 forms a bottom air intake for the intake vent
56. Further, the
extension 100 is configured to allow a portion of the installed intake vent 56
to be positioned
vertically below a plane defining the roof deck while not impeding the action
of the adjacent
drip edge 50. The extension 100 has a width WE and extends a distance DE from
the bottom
surface 60b of the first
22
CA 2810153 2019-11-01
portion 60. In the illustrated embodiment, the width WE is in a range of from
about 0.25
inches to about 1.25 inches and the distance DE is in a range of from about
0.10 inches to
about 0.40 inches. However, it should be appreciated that in other
embodiments, the width
WE can be less than about 0.25 inches or more than about 1.25 inches and the
distance DE
can be less than about 0.10 inches or more than about 0.40 inches.
[0080] Referring again to Figures 5 and 5A, in each illustrated embodiment
the lower
edge wall 64 of the first portion 60 forms an edge angle 13 with the top
surface 60a of the first
portion 60. The edge angle [3 is configured such that the lower edge 64 of the
intake vent 56
is in a substantially vertical orientation when the intake vent 56 is in an
installed position on
a roof deck, as shown in Figure 1. For example, the edge angle 13 may equal
the slope of the
roof plus 90 degrees. The term "substantially vertical orientation", as used
herein, is defined
to mean an angle with a horizontal line in a range of from about 80 to about
1100. In the
illustrated embodiment, the edge angle p is in a range of from about 115.00 to
about 130 .
However, in other embodiments, the edge angle f3 can be less than about 115.0
or more than
about 130 .
[0081] Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the extension 100 has a lower surface
102. In the
Figure, the lower surface 102 of the extension 100 is interrupted by portions
of the lower
edge baffles 92, intermediate baffles 94, cross baffles 99, and nailing
baffles 86, thereby
forming the bottom air intake for the intake vent 56. As such, the vent 56 has
a configuration
where the bottom of the vent is completely open (i.e. there is no bottom wall)
and the bottom
air intake is formed by projections that extend downward from the bottom of
the top wall(s)
of the vent. In the illustrated embodiments, the bottom air intake is formed
by projections
that extend downward from the bottom 60b of the first portion 60 of the vent
56 In the edge
installations (See Figures 1 and 12), the top intake openings 78 are covered
by the shingles.
In the mid-roof installation, the top intake openings 78 are not covered by
the shingles in an
23
CA 2810153 2019-11-01
exemplary embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, a spacing 93 between the
baffles is
less than or equal to 0.25 inches. It can be seen that the lower surface 102
of the extension
100 is separated from the top surface 60a of the first portion 60 by the lower
edge 64.
[0082] Referring again to the embodiment shown in Figure 5, a plane formed
by the top
surface 60a of the first portion 60 and a plane formed by the lower surface
102 of the
extension 100 have a substantially parallel configuration. Alternatively, a
plane formed by
the top surface 60a of the first portion 60 and a plane formed by the lower
surface 102 of the
extension 100 can have substantially non-parallel configurations. For example,
in the Figure
5A embodiment, a forward portion 103 of the lower surface 102 forms an angle
kif with the
remainder of the lower surface 102, and thus with the top surface 60a.
[0083] As discussed in more detail below, the lower surface 102 of the
extension 100 is
sized to provide a desired net free vent area. While the embodiment
illustrated by Figure 5
has the lower surface 102 of the extension 100 as having a rectangular shape,
it should be
appreciated that in other embodiments, the lower surface 102 of the extension
100 can have
other shapes, such as the non-limiting example of a triangular. The embodiment
illustrated
by Figure 5A illustrates one of the many possible different shapes that the
lower surface 102
can have.
[0084] To work most efficiently, an attic ventilation system must balance
the ventilating
requirement (called the total net free area) between the intake vents and the
exhaust vents. In
certain calculations, the total net free area is calculated as the attic
square footage divided by
150 (certain building codes call for the total net free ventilating area to be
not less than
1/150th of the area of the space to be ventilated). For optimum ventilating
performance, the
resulting total net free area is then balanced as 50% for the intake and 50%
for the exhaust.
The lower surface 102 of the extension 100 is then sized accordingly. In the
illustrated
embodiment, the lower surface 102 of the extension 100 provides a net free
vent area of 10
square inches per
24
CA 2810153 2019-11-01
lineal foot. Assuming that a building has intake vents 56 installed on two
roof decks 38, then
the total net free vent area of the intake vents 56 is 20 square inches per
lineal foot, which
corresponds to a total net free vent area of an exhaust of 20 square inches
per lineal foot.
[0085] Referring now to Figures 5 and 5A, in the two illustrated exemplary
embodiments
the first portion 60 of the intake vent 56 has the spoiler 72. In other
embodiments, the spoiler
may be omitted. The spoiler 72 extends in an upward direction from the top
surface 60a of
the first portion 60. The spoiler 72 has a height HW. In the illustrated
embodiments, the
height HW is in a range of about 0.12 inches to about 0.50 inches. In other
embodiments, the
height HW can be less than about 0.12 inches or more than about 0.50 inches,
sufficient to
assist in the flow of air over the shingles, thereby reducing potential uplift
forces that may be
acting on the shingles. The spoiler 72 forms a spoiler angle la with the lower
edge 64. In the
illustrated embodiment, the spoiler angle pt is in a range of from about 120
to about 160 . In
other embodiments, the spoiler angle . can be less than about 120 or more
than about 160 ,
sufficient to assist in the flow of air over the shingles.
[0086] Referring now to Figure 6, a plurality of attachment fixtures 104
are connected to
one end of an intake vent 56a. A plurality of corresponding attachment
receptacles 106 are
positioned at the opposite end of an intake vent 56b. As shown in Figure 6,
the intake vent
56a is connected to the intake vent 56b by connecting the attachment fixtures
104 of the
intake vent 56a to the corresponding attachment receptacles 106 of intake vent
56b. The
connection between the intake vents, 56a and 56b, is configured to provide a
quick, easy and
gapless connection that can be accomplished without the use of special tools.
In the
illustrated embodiment, the attachment fixtures 104 are pins and the
attachment receptacles
106 are corresponding apertures. Alternatively, other desired structures,
including, but not
limited to dovetail joints, tongue and groove joints and tabs and slots, can
be used.
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CA 02810153 2013-03-22
[0087] Referring now to Figure 6A, intake vents 56a, 56b are assembled in a
shiplap configuration. In the illustrated example, the vent 56a includes an
extension
6104 and the vent 56b includes a recess 6106. As shown in Figure 6A, the
intake
vent 56a and the intake vent 56b are assembled in a water-shedding manner by
positioning the extension 6104 of the intake vent 56a in/on the recess
receptacles
6106 of intake vent 56b. The shiplap configuration between the intake vents,
56a and
56b is quick, easy and gapless and allows for some relative positioning
between the
vents 56a, 56b. For example, if there is variation in the eave line of the
roof, the roof
deck is not straight, and/or an intake vent is not precisely aligned on the
roof deck,
the shiplap configuration allows for one intake vent to be angularly adjusted
relative
to the other while maintaining the waters-shedding shiplap between the vents.
Further, the shiplap configuration allows for thermal expansion/contraction
and/or
roof deck movement that may occur, while maintaining the waters-shedding
between
the vents. Further, a male end 6120 (i.e. the end that includes the extension
6104)
may be cut during installation of a plurality of vent sections to form a vent
assembly
having any desired width. The cut end of the vent is assembled over the recess
6106
and the shiplap is still formed to achieve the desired water-shedding.
[0088] Referring now to Figure 1, the intake vent 56 of any of the
disclosed
embodiments is installed in the following steps. First, the lower portion of
the roof
deck 38, having the first ice and water barrier layer 41, is exposed. Next, a
slot 108
is formed in the roof deck 38 and in the first ice and water barrier layer 41.
The slot
108 extends substantially the length of the roof deck 38 and is oriented in
the roof
deck 38 to be substantially parallel to the lower edge of the roof deck 38.
The slot
108 has a slot width SW. In the illustrated embodiment, the slot width SW is
in a
range of from about 1.0 inch to about 3.0 inches. Alternatively, the width SW
of the
slot 108 can be less than about 1.0 inch or more than about 3.0 inches.
[0089] The slot 108 is formed a distance DS from the front edge of the drip
edge
50. In the illustrated embodiment, the distance DS is in a range of from about
4.0
26
CA 02810153 2013-03-22
inches to about 8.0 inches. In other embodiments, the distance DS can be less
than
about 4.0 inches or more than about 8.0 inches. After the slot 108 is formed,
the
intake vent 56 is positioned on the first ice and water barrier layer 41, such
that the
extension 100 abuts the drip edge 50. In this position, the lower surfaces,
77, 79, of
the intake vent 56 are mounted such as to be flush with the first ice and
water barrier
layer 41, and the slot 108 in the roof deck 38 substantially aligns with the
transition
point 63 of the top surfaces, 60a and 60b. Next, the intake vent 56 is
fastened to the
roof deck 38, as discussed above. Subsequent intake vents 56 are connected to
the
installed intake vents 56, as discussed above, until the lower roof deck 38 is
completely covered. Next, the second ice and water barrier layer 68 is
installed over
the intake vent 56 such that the second ice and water barrier layer 68 extends
over the
louvers 78 and abuts the spoiler 72. Finally, courses of shingles 40,
including a-
course of starter shingles 43 are installed, in an overlapping manner, over
the
installed intake vents 56. In the illustrated embodiment, the shingles 40 are
installed
over the intake vents 56 using conventional fasteners, such as for example,
nails.
Alternatively, other desired methods, including, but not limited to staples
and
adhesives, can be used to install the shingles 40 over the intake vents 56.
The
illustrated configuration of the intake vent 56 and the various roofing
components
allows the flow of air to enter the extension 100 and travel through the
intake vent
56, up the rafters 36 and into the attic 42 as shown by arrows A.
[0090] As
discussed above, the intake vent 56 is configured as a conduit, to allow
a flow of air external to the building to enter the roof structure 34 through
a slot
formed in the roof deck 38 and flow freely up the rafters 36 and into the
attic 42.
This function is performed in an outdoor environment, with all of the elements
of the
weather. Accordingly, the intake vent 56 is made of a material sufficient to
provide
both structural and weatherability features. In the illustrated embodiment,
the intake
vent 56 is made of a polypropylene material. Alternatively, the intake vent 56
can be
made of other polymeric materials sufficient to provide both structural and
27
weatherability features. In still other embodiments, the intake vent 10 can be
made of other
desired materials or a combination of desired materials.
[0091] As shown in Figures 1-6 and discussed above, the intake vent 56
provides
significant benefits, although all of the benefits may not be present in all
circumstances.
First, as shown in Figure 1, air entering the intake vent 56 enters through
the extension 100.
In an installed position, the extension 100 is located such that the air
enters from below the
lowest point of the lower edge 64. Accordingly, wind driven rain is blocked
from entering
the intake vent 56. Second, as further shown in Figure 1, the intake vent 56
is installed over
an existing drip edge 50 and existing gutter 48. Advantageously, the intake
vent 56 does not
require the removal and reinstallation of the drip edge 50 and gutter 48.
Third, the intake
vent 56 can be used in those situations where the building does or does not
have a soffit.
Finally, the dimensions of the extension 100 can be changed to provide an
intake vent having
a different net free vent area.
[0092] While the embodiment of the intake vent 56 illustrated in Figures 1-
6 is described
above as being positioned at the lower edge of the roof deck 38, it should be
appreciated that
in other embodiments, the intake vent 56 can be positioned in other areas of
the roof deck 38
and configured as a conduit, to allow a flow of air external to the building
to enter the roof
structure 34 through a slot formed in the roof deck 38 and flow freely up the
rafters 36 and
into the attic 42.
[0093] Referring now to Figures 7 and 7A, additional embodiments of an
intake vent are
shown generally at 156. In the embodiments illustrated by Figures 7 and 7A,
the intake vent
156 illustrated is spaced apart a distance from the lower edge of the roof
deck 38, A plurality
of shingles 140 and a first ice and water barrier layer 141 are installed on a
roof deck 138 as
discussed above. In the illustrated embodiment, the shingles 140, first ice
and water barrier
layer 141 and roof deck 138 are the same as the shingles 40, first ice and
water barrier layer
41 and roof deck 38 illustrated in Figure 1 and discussed above. However, in
other
embodiments, the
28
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CA 02810153 2013-03-22
shingles 140, first ice and water barrier layer 141 and roof deck 138 can be
different
from the shingles 40, first ice and water barrier layer 41 and roof deck 38.
The roof
deck includes a slot 208, formed in the roof deck 138 as discussed above for
the slot
108. The slot 208 can be positioned on the roof deck 138 at any vertical
distance
from the lower edge of the roof deck 138. The intake vent 156 is positioned
over the
shingles 140 and over the slot 208 and fastened to the roof deck 138 as
discussed
above. In the example illustrated by Figure 7A, the extension 100 engages an
edge
753 of a tab portion 751 of a shingle 140. In the illustrated embodiment, the
intake
vent 156 is the same as the intake vent 56 illustrated in Figure 1 and
discussed above.
However, in other embodiments, the intake vent 156 can be different from the
intake
vent 56.
[0094] Courses of shingles 140 are installed, in an overlapping manner,
over the
installed intake vents 156 such that the louvers 178 are exposed. Installed in
this
configuration, the intake vent 56 and the various roofing components allows
the flow
of air to enter the louvers 178 and travel through the intake vent 156, up the
rafters
(not shown) and into the attic (not shown) as illustrated by arrows B in
Figure 7. In
the example illustrated by Figure 7A, the lower front edge 1320 is spaced
apart from
the shingles 140, so that air can enter the intake vent 156 between the lower
front
edge 1320 and the shingles 140. As such, in the Figure 7A embodiment, the flow
of
air enters both the louvers 178 and the space between the lower front edge
1320 and
the shingles 140 and travels through the intake vent 156, up the rafters (not
shown)
and into the attic (not shown) as illustrated by arrows C.
[0095] Referring again to Figures 2 and 3, the intake vent 56 was described
above
as having fastening apertures 70b and second nailing bosses 82 located in the
second
portion 62. The fastening apertures 70b and second nailing bosses 82 are
configured
to provide a solid support surface for seating fasteners. Alternatively, the
second
portion 62 of the intake vent 56 can have other structures configured to
provide a
solid support surface for seating a fastener. Referring first to Figure 8,
another
29
embodiment of an intake vent is shown at 356. The intake vent 356 includes a
second
portion 362. The second portion 362 includes a plurality of nailing bosses
380, each having
at least one nailing aperture 370. The nailing bosses 380 include a base 382
that is
configured to seat in a flat orientation against a roof deck (not shown). The
base 382 is
configured to provide a solid support surface for seating a fastener. The
fastening apertures
370 are separated by a distance LFA3. The distance LFA3 is configured to
provide a
sufficient quantity of fastening points to secure the intake vent 356 to the
roof deck (not
shown). In the illustrated embodiment, the distance LFA3 is in a range of from
about 6.0
inches to about 16.0 inches. In other embodiments, the distance LFA3 can be
less than about
6.0 inches or more than about 16.0 inches, sufficient to provide a sufficient
quantity of
fastening points to secure the intake vent 356 to the roof deck.
[0096] While the bases 382 of the nailing bosses 380 are shown as extending
from the
upper edge 366 of the second portion 362, in other embodiments, the nailing
bosses 380 can
be positioned in any desired location of the intake vent 356, including the
first portion (not
shown).
[0097] Referring now to Figure 9, another embodiment of an intake vent is
shown at 456.
The intake vent 456 includes a second portion 462. The second portion 462
includes a
nailing boss 480. The nailing boss 480 includes a base 482 that is configured
to seat in a flat
orientation against a roof deck (not shown) and a plurality of nailing
apertures 470. The
fastening apertures 470 are separated by a distance LFA4. The distance LFA4 is
configured
to provide a sufficient quantity of fastening points to secure the intake vent
456 to the roof
deck (not shown). In the illustrated embodiment, the distance LFA4 is in a
range of from
about 6.0 inches to about 16.0 inches. In other embodiments, the distance LFA4
can be less
than about 6.0 inches or more than about 16.0 inches, sufficient to provide a
sufficient
quantity of fastening points to secure the intake vent 456 to the roof deck.
CA 2810153 2019-11-01
[0098] Referring again to Figure 9, the base 482 is configured to provide a
solid support
surface for seating a fastener. While the embodiment of the intake vent 456
shown in Figure
9 illustrates a lone nailing boss 470, it should be appreciated that in other
embodiments, more
than one nailing boss 470 can be used or no nailing bosses may be needed.
'While the base
482 of the nailing boss 470 is shown as extending from the upper edge 466 of
the second
portion 462, in other embodiments, the nailing bosses 470 can be positioned in
any desired
location of the intake vent 456, including the first portion (not shown). In
another exemplary
embodiment, the base is a solid strip with no holes. In this embodiment, nails
can be driven
through the base 482 at any location.
[0099] Referring again to Figure 2, the first portion 60 and second portion
62 of the
intake vent 56 is shown as a continuous structure, that is, the first and
second portions are
void of gaps or openings other than the apertures 70b. Referring now to
Figures 10 and 11,
additional embodiments of an intake vent 556 are illustrated. In this
embodiment, select
areas 563 of the first portion 560 and/or the second portion 562 have been
removed. By way
of example only, in Figure 10, selected areas are removed from both the first
portion 560 and
the second portion 562 and in Figure 11, selected areas are removed from only
the second
portion 562. The select areas 563 are removed for several reasons. First,
material savings
can be realized. Second, the resulting intake vent 556 is lighter, thereby
saving on shipping
and handling costs. As shown in Figure 11, the select areas 563 can be
positioned between
upper edge baffles 598, although such is not necessary.
[00100] As further shown in Figure 11, optionally a cross-baffle 599 can be
positioned at
the inward ends of the upper edge baffles 598. The cross-baffle 599 is
configured to provide
addition support to the second portion 562 of the intake vent 556. However, it
should be
appreciated that the cross-baffle 599 in optional and the intake vent 556 can
be practiced
without the cross-baffle 599.
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[00101] Referring again to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, one example
of a building sidewall 10 is illustrated. In this embodiment, the sidewall 10
does not
include a soffit. The term "soffit", as used herein, is defined to mean an
exposed
undersurface of an exterior overhanging section of a roof deck. Referring now
to the
embodiment shown in Figure 12, a sidewall 610, including a soffit 653, is
illustrated.
[00102] The sidewall 610 includes top plates 616a and 616b, studs 618 and
exterior sheathing 620. In the illustrated embodiment, the top plates 616a and
616b,
studs 618 and exterior sheathing 620 are the same as, or similar to, the top
plates 16a
and 16b, studs 18 and exterior sheathing 20 shown in Figure 1 and discussed
above.
However, in other embodiments, the top plates 616a and 616b, studs 618 and
exterior
sheathing 620 can be different from the top plates 16a and 16b, studs 18 and
exterior
sheathing 20.
[00103] Referring again to Figure 12, the building includes a ceiling
wall
626 attached to the sidewall 610, an insulation layer 644 positioned above the
ceiling
626 and a roof deck 638 positioned above the insulation layer 644. In the
illustrated
embodiment, the ceiling 626, the insulation layer 644 and the roof deck 638
are the
same as, or similar to, the ceiling 26, the insulation layer 44 and the roof
deck 38
shown in Figure 1 and discussed above. However, in other embodiments, the
ceiling
626, the insulation layer 644 and the roof deck 638 can be different from the
ceiling
26, the insulation layer 44 and the roof deck 38.
[00104] Referring again to Figure 12, the roof deck 638 includes eaves
649
extending beyond the sidewall 610. The eaves 649 include an eaves interior
space
651 and an undersurface, or soffit 653. In certain embodiments such as the
embodiment illustrated in Figure 12, the soffit 653 includes a soffit vent 655
configured to provide for flows of air to flow through the soffit vent 655 and
flow
freely up a plurality of rafters 636 and into an attic 642 as shown by
direction arrows
B600.
32
CA 02810153 2013-03-22
[00105] A fascia board 646 connects the soffit 653 with the roof deck
638.
In the illustrated embodiment, the fascia board 646 is the same as, or similar
to, the
fascia board 46 illustrated in Figure 1 and described above. However, the
fascia
board 646 can be different from the fascia board 46.
[00106] Referring again to Figure 12, a slot 608 is formed in the roof
deck
638 and an intake vent 656 is positioned at the lower edge of the roof deck
38,
between a first ice and water barrier layer 641 and a second ice and water
barrier
layer 668 as discussed above. In the manner, the intake vent 656 is configured
as a
conduit, to allow a flow of air external to the building to enter the roof
deck 638
through the slot 608 and flow freely up the rafters 636 and into the attic
642, the flow
of air through the intake vent 656 is shown by the direction arrows A600. In
this
manner, the intake vent 656 and the soffit vent 655 cooperate to provide
sufficient
intake ventilation to the attic 642.
[00107] Figure 13 illustrates the roof construction illustrated by Figure
12,
with ice built up in the gutter and onto the roof. The vent shown in Figure 13
can be
in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein. Referring to
Figure 13,
in one exemplary embodiment the vent 56 is configured to prevent ice in the
gutter
from building up and into the vent 56. In the illustrated exemplary
embodiment, a
lower front edge 1320 is below the remainder 1322 of the vent intake when the
vent
is installed on the edge 1324 of the roof. Water freezes and forms a seal
against this
lower edge 1320. As a result, ice 1326 forms up to the level of the lower
front edge
1320, then up the exterior face 1364 of the vent 56, and over the shingle
surface
1366. The seal between the ice and the lower front edge 132 ice 1326 intrusion
into
the vent.
[00108] The principles and mode of operation of the deck top roof intake
vent have been described in its preferred embodiments. However, it should be
noted
that the deck top roof intake vent may be practiced otherwise than as
specifically
illustrated and described without departing from its scope.
33
