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Sommaire du brevet 2249059 

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  • lorsque la demande peut être examinée par le public;
  • lorsque le brevet est émis (délivrance).
(12) Brevet: (11) CA 2249059
(54) Titre français: MISE EN ANTEMEMOIRE D'ENONCES SQL DYNAMIQUES REPARTIS DANS UN SGBDR A NOEUDS MULTIPLES
(54) Titre anglais: CACHING OF DISTRIBUTED DYNAMIC SQL STATEMENTS IN A MULTIPLE NODE RDBMS
Statut: Réputé périmé
Données bibliographiques
(51) Classification internationale des brevets (CIB):
  • G06F 16/28 (2019.01)
  • G06F 16/2453 (2019.01)
(72) Inventeurs :
  • BIRD, PAUL M. (Canada)
  • SNOWBELL, MICHAEL J. (Canada)
(73) Titulaires :
  • IBM CANADA LIMITED-IBM CANADA LIMITEE (Canada)
(71) Demandeurs :
  • IBM CANADA LIMITED-IBM CANADA LIMITEE (Canada)
(74) Agent:
(74) Co-agent:
(45) Délivré: 2001-08-21
(22) Date de dépôt: 1998-09-29
(41) Mise à la disponibilité du public: 2000-03-29
Requête d'examen: 1998-09-29
Licence disponible: Oui
(25) Langue des documents déposés: Anglais

Traité de coopération en matière de brevets (PCT): Non

(30) Données de priorité de la demande: S.O.

Abrégés

Abrégé anglais





A method and system for caching dynamic SQL statements
and their sections at different nodes in a multiple node Relational
Database Management System (RDBMS) while maintaining cache and
application integrity across all nodes. Each node in the RDBMS having
a global cache shared by all applications on that node. One of the nodes
in the RDBMS being a catalogue node which controls access to a database.
The catalogue node maintaining a list of participating nodes that have
requested access to the database controlled by the catalogue node. The list
of participating nodes being used to notify each participating node of any
changes to the database that may affect the validity of a dynamic SQL
statement stored in the global cache of the node.

Revendications

Note : Les revendications sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.




The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A database system comprising:
a plurality of nodes;
a plurality of databases stored on the nodes; and
a global cache stored on at least one node, the global cache
being accessible to a plurality of applications in the database
system, wherein the global cache comprises a static portion and a
dynamic portion, the dynamic portion of the global cache including
a plurality of variations;
the database system including a catalogue node, the catalogue
node comprising a list of participating nodes that are active and
connected to the database system.
2. A database system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the static
portion of the global cache comprises one or more packages, and one
or more section entries within each of said packages; and wherein
the dynamic portion of the global cache comprises a statement
portion and a dependency portion.
3. A method of maintaining cache and application integrity across
a database system comprising a plurality of nodes and one or more
databases stored on the nodes, the method comprising: providing a
global cache on a node including variations for access to data in
a database, and the global cache being accessible to a plurality of
applications on the database system; when a request is to be made
of a database, first checking the global cache for a variation
matching the current request and executing said variation if
present.



4. A method of maintaining cache and application integrity across
a relational database system comprising a plurality of nodes and
one or more databases shared on the nodes,, the method comprising:
(1) providing, for at least some of the databases, a global
cache including information to enable agents to access
the databases;
(2) originating a request through a coordinating node, the
coordinating node sending information on a variation to
be executed to remote nodes;
(3) having each remote node receive the request and check the
global cache on the respective remote node for a current
variation; and
(4) if the remote node does not have the current variation,
the remote node requesting the coordinating node to send
the current variation.
5. A method of maintaining cache and application integrity across
a relational database system comprising a plurality of nodes
and a plurality of databases shared on the nodes, the method
comprising:
(1) providing, for at least some of the databases, a global
cache including information to enable agents to access
the databases;
(2) originating a request through a coordinating node, the
coordinating node sending information on the variation to
be executed to remote nodes;
(3) having each remote node receive the request and check the
global cache on the respective remote node for a current
variation; and
(4) if the remote node does not have the current variation,
the remote node requesting the coordinating node to send
the current version of the variation.


the method including providing a catalogue node and
maintaining, on the catalogue node, a list of participating nodes
that are active and connected to the database system, and
broadcasting a communication bulletin from the catalogue node to
the nodes on the list of participating nodes when a change occurs
to an object in the database that may invalidate a variation.
6. The method as claimed in Claim 5, the method including:
(1) the catalogue node receiving a REGISTER request when a
node becomes active and updating a list of participating
nodes by adding an entry for the newly entered node, and
(2) the catalogue node receiving an UNREGISTER request when
a node becomes inactive and removing that node from the
participating nodes list.
7. The method as claimed in Claim 6, the method including
broadcasting a communication bulletin. from the catalogue node
to nodes on the list of participating nodes to ensure that all
affected variations and all nodes are properly invalidated.
8. The method as claimed in Claim 7, the method comprising:
(a) verifying if a section requested. to be executed is valid
and executing such section or,
(b) if such section requested to be executed is invalid,
requesting a valid section from the coordinating node and
executing such section upon receipt of the same from the
coordinating node.

Description

Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.



CA 02249059 1998-09-29
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Title: Caching of Distributed Dynamic SQL Statements In A Multiple
Node RDBMS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to relational database management
systems (RDBMS) and more particularly to a method for caching
dynamic SQL statements (and their sections) at different nodes in a
multiple node database while maintaining cache and application
integrity across all nodes.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Structured Query Language (SQL) is the database access
language most commonly used to access relational databases (such as the
DB2 product sold by IBM Canada Ltd.) in an open, heterogeneous
environment. Although this disclosure refers to the DB2 relational
database product sold by IBM, individuals skilled in the art will recognize
that the caching of database access statements is applicable to any
relational database management system (RDBMS).
Within this specification including the claims, the following
terms will be used:
Access Plan An access plan is the methods) chosen by the SQL
Compiler to satisfy an application request as stated in
the form of an SQL statement.
Agent A process used by a RDBMS to provide services for an
application request.
Node A node is a physical entity (eg. a processor and
memory) that is used to process application requests to
the RDBMS and contains some or all of the database.
A serial version of the RDBMS contains at most 1


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node, while a parallel version of the RDBMS can
contain 1 or more nodes.
Package A package is associated with an application and
contains the information required by the RDBMS for
all SQL statements defined in that application. The
information in a package consists of a collection of
sections and the compilation environment settings
(e.g. compile or binding options) used to compile any
static SQL statements; some of these same settings are
also used as the default environment for any dynamic
SQL statements compiled by the application during
execution.
Section A section contains all the information required by the
RDBMS to execute the chosen access plan for an SQL
statement. A section is the compiled version of the
access plan chosen by the SQL compiler.
Section Entry A section entry contains information about a specific
section as well as the SQL statement corresponding to
that section.
There are two basic types of SQL statements, static and
dynamic. In using static SQL the user embeds SQL requests for data in an
application program. An SQL precompiler removes these statements
from the application program and replaces them with function calls
whose parameters indicate a specific section entry for the package
corresponding to the current source file. The removed SQL statement is
then sent to DB2 for compilation. Compiling (also known as preparing) a
SQL statement is the process by which the DB2 SQL compiler chooses and
builds an access plan to efficiently resolve the SQL statement. The access
plan is saved in its executable format, a section, in the system catalogues.
The parsing of the statement and building of the access plan


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can be relatively long and complicated. Compilation of static SQL
improves run time performance by building the access plan before the
application is executed.
Dynamic SQL is generally used for ad hoc SQL requests. For
example, in a database used to track sales of individual products, a
dynamic SQL query may be invoked to list the top ten products sold, by
sales region. Depending upon the nature of a dynamic SQL request, the
time required to parse it and create an access plan to satisfy the user
request can be significant. Further, if the dynamic SQL request is repeated
later in the application by the same agent or perhaps by a different agent,
a new access plan must be created in each instance. Thus, the creation of
an identical access plan may often have to be repeated, thereby impacting
performance of the application.
A dynamic SQL request originates on the node running an
application and may require data from one or more other nodes (the
remote nodes). In such a scenario, the prior art solution is to generate
the section to obtain the data from the remote nodes) and send the
section to the remote nodes) for execution. The inventors are not aware
of any solution proposed to date which considers allowing caching of the
same statement across multiple nodes, thus not requiring the section to
be executed to be shipped. Maintaining multiple iterations on multiple
nodes results in less communications traffic and faster response times for
remote parts of a dynamic SQL request due to faster startup times.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention there is provided a
database system comprising:
a) a plurality of nodes;
b) a plurality of databases stored on the nodes; and
c) a global cache stored on at least one node, the global


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cache being accessible to a plurality of applications in
the database system.
In accordance with the present invention there is also
provided a method of maintaining cache and application integrity
across a relational database system comprising a plurality of nodes
and a plurality of databases shared on the nodes, the method
comprising the steps of: (a) providing, for at least some of the
databases, a global cache including information to enable agents to
access the databases; (b) originating a request through a
coordinating node, the coordinating node sending information on the
variation to be executed to remote nodes: (c) having each remote
node receive the request and check the global cache on the
respective remote node for a current variation; and (d) if the
remote node does not have the current variation, the remote node
requesting the coordination node to send the current version of the
variation.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Reference will now be made, by way of example, to the
accompanying drawings which show a preferred embodiment of the
present invention and in which:
Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of a Relational Database
Management System;
Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram of a node of the Relational
Database Management System of Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram of the global cache;
Figure 4 is a conceptual diagram of the statement portion of
the dynamic cache portion of the global cache;
Figure 5 is a conceptual diagram of the dependency portion of
the dynamic cache portion of the global cache; and
Figure 6 is a conceptual diagram of a catalogue node, the


CA 02249059 1998-11-30
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participating nodes list and the participating nodes.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of a Relational Database
Management System (RDBMS) 10. The RDBMS of 10 of Figure 1
illustrates only one of many configurations available in an RDBMS
and is intended only to show a networked system that may utilize
the present invention. In the configuration as shown, RDBMS 10
contains a plurality of nodes (12, 14, 16, 18). Each node (12, 14,
16, 18) may contain a partition or all of a database. In the
example of Figure 1, the RDBMS has two databases, although any
number of databases can be provided, the
20
30


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content of which is partitioned among the plurality of nodes. The first of
these databases is divided into a partition 20 and a partition 21. The
catalogue 22 for this first database is stored on catalogue node 18. The
catalogue 22 contains tables in which resides all the "meta-data" such as
the structure, tables packages and functions relating to the first database.
The second database is divided into partitions 23, 24 and 25. Note that in
the illustrated example, the partition 24 of the second database also
contains the catalogue tables for the second database. Thus, a catalogue
node 18 may contain data as well as catalogue tables. Catalogue tables are
per database and can be located at different nodes for different databases.
This means that the term "catalogue node" is relative per database, i.e.
the catalogue could reside on any node.
Figure 2 illustrates one scenario of the activity that may occur
on any node of the system and, by way of example, the node 16 of the
RDBMS system 10 of Figure 1 is shown. Node 16 may contain any
number of applications 30, each accessing data from the databases) to
which the node is connected. Each application 30 has a respective SQL
work area 32. Also contained within node 16 is a global cache 40 in
accordance with the present invention which is shared by all applications
on all the nodes.
The Global Cache
The global cache 40 acts as a repository for package and section
information for static SQL and statement and section information for
dynamic SQL as detailed below.
In the preferred embodiment, the global cache is kept at the
database level, and is accessible to all agents for a database at a particular
node of the database (physical or logical). It is allocated from the same
memory set as other database-level entities, such as the lock list or buffer
pool; it is created when the database is initialized, and it remains active


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until the database is shut down. The global cache acts like a "public"
library for all the agents using the database at a given node. Agents
simply copy the package information and the modifiable portions of the
sections (e.g. buffers and flags).
Referring to Figure 3, the global cache 40, consists of two
logical areas: the static SQL cache 42 and the dynamic SQL cache 44. The
static cache 42 contains the information for packages 46, section entries
48, and static SQL sections 50. The dynamic SQL cache 44 contains the
information and sections for dynamic SQL statements.
The dynamic SQL portion 44 of the global cache 40 is
subdivided into two portions: the statement portion 60 (Figure 4) and
the dependency portion 58 (Figure 5). The statement portion 60 contains
SQL statement entries 62 which contain the text of the cached dynamic
SQL statements 64 as well as the different sections compiled for each SQL
statement. The statement portion 60 of the dynamic cache 44 is used to
support application requests to prepare the dynamic SQL statement 64
and obtain an executable section. The dependency portion 58 of the
dynamic cache 44 contains entries for all the objects upon which the
cached dynamic SQL sections are dependent. This information is used to
support cached object invalidation due to data definition language
statements and other database activities.
The primary structure of the dynamic SQL portion 44 of the
global cache 40 is based upon the unique text for a given SQL statement
64, which is stored within SQL statement entry 62. A SQL statement entry
62 contains characteristic information about the SQL statement 64 that is
determined once the first occurrence of the statement text 64 is compiled.
This information is invariant since the statement text 64 is constant and
these characteristics are inherent in the statement text 64 itself,
independent of the environment in which it was compiled.
A section generated for the exact identical SQL statement text
64 is stored within the compilation environment 66. The compilation


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environment 66 contains information on the environment used to
generate or compile the section. The compilation environment 66
contains all information not already contained in the catalogue tables,
that influence or control an access plan created by the SQL compiler, and
thus the section.
Below each compilation environment 66 are stored
individual units known as "variations" 68. A variation 68 represents a
unique section for the statement text 64, where the uniqueness is
specified by the compilation environment 66 used to generate the
section. The compilation environment 66 encompasses all those
elements that affect the nature and result of the section generated by the
SQL compiler for a dynamic SQL statement (e.g., special registers,
relevant package compilation defaults, use of default qualifiers, use of
function path, etc.). Note that since privileges do not affect the actual
section generated, only whether it is allowed to be executed, the
prerequisite privileges for a dynamic SQL statement 64 are irrelevant to
the compilation environment 66. In the preferred embodiment,
privileges are not part of the compilation environment 66.
A variation 68 is simply the representation of the fact that
two applications issuing the same dynamic SQL statement 64 in the same
context with the exact same compilation environment 66 should
generate the exact same section, although the results of execution may
differ due to actions within the individual units of work. For example,
two applications using the same section for SELECT C1 FROM T1 may
return different results if the first application has inserted some rows
into T1 but not committed its changes. The first application will get the
row returned by the section, but the second application may not.
In addition to the identifying compilation environment, each
variation 68 under a statement entry 62 and compilation environment 66
also contains: the required privileges list of privileges needed to execute
the section, the dependency list for the section and the section generated


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for the specified compilation environment. The dependency list refers to
those objects and entities in the catalogue tables required, either directly
or indirectly, by the section for a variation 68. The dependency list is also
used to determine whether the section is no longer valid when an object
on the dependency list is dropped; if the variation 68 is in use at the time,
the drop request is rejected. When a section is no longer valid, the
variation 68 becomes an invalid variation 70 and must be regenerated.
The dependency list functions in much the same manner as the package
dependencies that are recorded for static SQL statements in the
SYSCAT.PACKAGEDEP catalogue table of DB2. For static SQL the
SYSPLANDEP table is scanned to locate packages dependent upon the
affected object and the packages are invalidated. Details of the
dependency list and its use to invalidate dynamic SQL sections is
discussed below in the description of Figure 5. The major exception is
that the loss of privileges does not result in any variation 68 being
marked as an invalid variation 70 since, as noted previously, privileges
do not affect the contents of the section. Since a variation 68 represents a
dynamic SQL statement, and dynamic SQL always reflects the current
environment, other actions such as issuing the RUNSTATS command
against a table or creating a new User Defined Function (UDF) can cause a
variation to be marked invalid.
Each dynamic SQL statement entry 62 may have one or more
compilation environments 66, but each compilation environment 66
may contain only one valid variation 68. An invalid variation 70 will be
flushed from the cache during cache space management. For example,
an ALTER TABLE statement can cause a variation 68 to become an
invalid variation 70 in the dynamic cache 44 and will eventually be
flushed from the dynamic cache 44.
Dynamic SQL always reflects the current environment, i.e.
the section for a dynamic SQL statement always represents the choices
the SQL compiler would make given the most current environment.


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This is why a dynamic SQL section is invalidated when a new index is
added or statistics are updated. The sections are fine in the sense that
they will work, but the environment has changed and the sections may
not reflect new choices that the compiler might make.
Referring now to Figure 5, the basic unit of the dependency
portion 58 of the dynamic SQL cache 44 is the object 72. An object 72
represents a database object upon which a dynamic SQL variation 68 is
dependent. Each object 72 is associated with one or more variations 68.
Each object 72 in the dependency portion 58 of the global cache 40 is
distinct and only one occurrence of the object 72 may appear at any one
time. To facilitate access, each object 72 is associated with a specific
object
type anchor point 74 by hashing the qualified object name 76 to a unique
anchor point 74. Once associated with an anchor point 74, the object 72 is
inserted into the list of objects 78 off that anchor point 74 in alphabetical
order based on the object name 76 followed by the qualifier. Anchor
points 74 are type specific (i.e. an alias anchor point only holds aliases)
and only objects 72 of the type represented by the anchor point 74 are to
be found off that anchor point 74. In the present embodiment, objects of
types: view, alias, index, User Defined Functions (UDF), table, structured
types, summary tables, hierarchies and pagesize are supported.
An essential characteristic of a dynamic SQL statement is that
it reflects the current database environment and the dynamic SQL cache
44 does not alter this characteristic. If an environment change affects a
dynamic SQL section, the variation 68 for that section will become an
invalid variation 70. When invalidating a dynamic SQL variation 68
due to a change in a dependent object, the name of the affected object 76
is hashed to obtain the appropriate anchor point 74 for the same object
type. The list of objects 78 is then scanned to find a matching object 72.
Once a matching object 72 is found, the list of dependant variations
below that object is scanned and an attempt is made to invalidate them.


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Referring now to Figure 6, when a section needs to be
executed at a remote node (24, 28), a request to execute the same
variation as the current variation is sent to that node by a coordinator
node 92. The coordinator node is responsible for coordinating all database
requests made by an application on that node. When the remote node
(24, 28) receives the request, the list of shipped variations contained
within the global cache 40 is searched for a matching entry from the
coordinator node 92. If none is found, then the remote node (24, 28)
issues a request to the coordinator node 92 to send the specified variation
and section to it. Along with the section, there is also sent the
dependency information and required privileges information. When
this information is received at the remote node (24, 28), it is inserted into
the cache 40 at that node (24, 28) as a complete entry (i.e. as if it had
originated at the remote node (24, 28); all information is in the cache
including privileges and dependencies). At this point, the normal actions
taken for invalidating events will process the transhipped variation just
like any other in the remote node's (24, 28) cache 40.
The Participating Nodes List
In order to minimize network traffic and to allow for the
ignoring of nodes that are either down or have not connected to a
particular database,
a list of participating nodes 94 for a database 20 is built and maintained on
the catalogue node 22. A participating node is a node which is active,
connected to the database 20 and has registered in the participating nodes
list 92 at the database catalogue node 22.
The list of participating nodes 94 is used to define which
nodes must be informed when a communication bulletin (described
hereinbelow) is to be broadcast for a database 20. The information is
broadcast to all nodes in the list of participating nodes 20 other than the


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current one (the catalogue node 22) by the agent wishing to send the
information. Before any broadcast, the broadcasting agent must acquire
the latch for the list of participating nodes 92 to prevent any new nodes
from being added. Processing for the cache 40 at the catalogue node 22 is
handled by the broadcasting agent.
Every time a node becomes active, a REGISTER request is sent
to the catalogue node 22 to update the list of participating nodes 94 by
adding an entry for this newly active node; the response to this request
will contain the current values of all global relevancy counters (described
hereinbelow) for the database 20. When a node becomes inactive, an
UNREGISTER request is sent to the catalogue node 22 to remove the
node from the participating nodes list 92.
When an action occurs that could invalidate any variation,
an event broadcast is sent from the catalogue node 22 to all active nodes
using all of the nodes in the participating nodes list 94 to ensure that all
affected variations at all nodes are properly invalidated. If a node is not
registered in the participating nodes list 94, then it has no global cache 40
and thus does not need to be informed of changes until it registers.
All information broadcasts for a database 20 must be done
from the catalogue node 22 and use the list of participating nodes 94. If
an error occurs during the broadcast, the transaction fails and is rolled
back.
Dynamic SOL in a Parallel Environment
Dynamic SQL statements in a parallel environment require
that the identical section be executed on all participating nodes. To
ensure this behaviour, the coordinator agent (the agent dealing directly
with the application) will place the needed identification for the
variation to be executed in the request sent to each remote node, where a
remote node is a node working for the application that is not the


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coordinator node. The remote nodes will request that this variation be
loaded into their SQL Work Area (32 of Figure 2, which will be in the
application's common memory in most cases). The node's dynamic SQL
cache 40 is then checked for this variation; if it is not there, a request is
made to the coordinating node for a copy of the variation from that node
which is inserted into the requesting node's dynamic SQL cache 40 upon
receipt. Once loaded into the SQL Work Area (32 of Figure 2), this section
will be used by all agents executing in parallel for this application at this
node. If the variation is not found at the coordinating node (or is not
valid), an error will be returned to the requesting agent.
The shipped ID sent by the coordinating agent with the
request to execute consists of the originating node, the statement ID and
variation ID at the node of origin, and the insertion time of the variation
into the global SQL cache at the node of origin as well as the specific
subsection to be executed. A subsection is a logical sub-component of a
section. Requests are made to different agents specifying different
subsections. The insertion time is required to ensure the identical
variation is used at all nodes as the one specified by the coordinator node
in its request. No check on the validity of the variation is performed as it
is assumed to be still protected by the coordinator node; however, the
status of the variation inserted in to the local node's global SQL cache
will be identical to its value at the node of origin (e.g. an invalid
variation will be inserted as invalid and marked as such).
Since the specified variation is from another node, it may or
may not exist at the current node and if it does exist at the current node,
it will have a different variation ID. To help map from shipped IDs to
valid variation IDs at a node, a list of shipped IDs and the associated
variation ID at this node is linked from a control block (not shown)
within the statement portion 60 of the global cache 40, to help agents find
the desired variation quickly. Once the variation ID for this node is
known, the variation is handled exactly like any other variation.


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If a shipped ID is not found in the list, the variation is
requested from the node of origin and inserted into the dynamic SQL
cache of the requesting node. When the variation is requested, the
following information will be sent to the requesting node in order to
allow complete support of the shipped variation in the cache for the
requesting node:
Statement Length
Statement Text
Statement Information
Compilation Environment
Required Privileges List
Dependency List
Section Data
Relevancy Counters
In order to ensure that database changes are recognized and
communicated to all agents working on a database in a simple yet
effective manner, a number of relevancy counters are used. Relevancy
counters are a simple method of determining whether past decisions or
cached information are still relevant in the current environment. When
an object is cached or a privilege is checked, the value of the appropriate
relevancy counter is stored at that time. When the cached object or
decision point is next revisited, the stored value is compared to the
current value. If they are the same, then the old object or decision is still
valid, else it must be revisited. Relevancy counters are only meaningful
to coordinator agents. There are two types of relevancy counters: those
based on global, shared database information, and those focussed on
application/connection information.
The following counters are global across the database and are


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maintained at the catalogue node.
Database Privileges Counter
Reflects revocation actions against the SYSDBAUTH
catalogue table.
Package Privileges Counter
Reflects revocation against the SYSPLANAUTH
catalogue table.
User Privileges Counter
Reflects revocation actions against the SYSUSERAUTH
catalogue table.
Statistics Iteration Counter
Reflects changes to statistical information either
through an Update Statistics statement or a call to
RUNSTATS
Any change to the value of one of these counters must be
broadcast to all nodes of the database in order to ensure database and
application relevancy.
The following counters are unique to a specific application
and are only referenced or updated by the coordinator agent. They are
used to determine if a new compilation environment exists for the
application or whether any SQL statements being compiled are possibly
dependent on uncommitted Data Definition Language (DDL) performed
by the application in this Unit of Work.
Compilation Environment Counter
Reflects changes in the application compilation
environment for dynamic SQL that affect the
compilation environment used to select variations.
An example would be if the application issued a SET
CURRENT SCHEMA statement which changes the


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default qualifier to be used for unqualified object
references in any future dynamic SQL statements
issued by the application.
DDL in UOW Counter
Reflects the existence of DDL actions by the application
within the current unit of work.
These counters are kept with other application information
that is shared by all agents working for that application. These counters
are used to determine if a new variation is required during a unit of
work due to DDL or SET statements issued by the applications since the
beginning of current unit of work.
Invalidation of a Variation
A variation for a dynamic SQL statement can become invalid
for a number of reasons, some of which relate to a change in the
compilation environment in which the variation was created. Since
dynamic SQL must reflect all changes in the compilation environment,
as these changes occur a variation may become invalid and be eligible to
be flushed from the dynamic SQL cache.
All invalidating events are broadcast from the catalogue node
to participating nodes once the invalidation event has occurred: i.e.
the invalidation event is broadcast as part of the processing for an
invalidation event.
Inter-node Communication Messages
There are a number of cache synchronization messages used
to pass information between global SQL caches on different nodes.
Synchronization messages are used to inform the cache at a node that a
change has been made to the database environment and action needs to


CA 02249059 1998-09-29
CA9-98-034 -16 -
be taken to ensure the cache at this node remains relevant to the current
environment. Upon receipt of a synchronization message that affects
cached dynamic SQL statements, the receiving node will search the
dependency portion 58 of the dynamic SQL cache 44 to determine which
variations, if any, are affected by the message contents; these variations
are invalidated. Upon receipt of a message affecting a cached package, the
receiving node will perform the indicated action on the specified
package.
The format of a synchronization message is:
Node of Origin
Application ID
Originating Agent ID
Event Class
Update package privilege counters
Flush package from cache (Exclusive Lock and remove from
cache)
Invalidate package in cache (Exclusive Lock and set package
status to INVALID)
Inoperate package in cache (Exclusive Lock and set package
status to INOPERATE)
Invalidate dynamic SQL - Hard (Exclusive access on each
variation affected and invalidate the variation)
Invalidate dynamic SQL - Soft (Invalidate the variation)
Update user privilege counters
Update db auth privilege counters
Temporary tablespace DDL - Soft (Invalidate the variation)
Temporary tablespace DDL - Hard (Exclusive access on each
variation affected and invalidate the variation)
Object Type


CA 02249059 1998-09-29
CA9-98-034 -17 -
Object Schema
Object Name
Object Usage
Object Column Information (if applicable)
Counter information (if applicable)
A synchronization message which is invalidating a package
or cached dynamic SQL statements requires that the cache at the
receiving node guarantee that all relevant cached packages or variations
are locked exclusively for the requesting application. Once the
appropriate action has been taken for a synchronization message, the
receiving nodes) must respond to the requesting node with a
confirmation message with a success or failure indicator.
Since all DDL actions take place at the catalogue node, the
catalogue node will be the source of all synchronization messages. All
messages will be sent to all participating nodes except the current one
(the catalogue node) as the cache at the current node will be manipulated
directly. If a communication failure occurs during a transmission to a
participating node, the sending function fails and the transaction is
rolled back. Any other errors will also halt processing and cause the
transaction to be rolled back.

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Une figure unique qui représente un dessin illustrant l'invention.
États administratifs

Pour une meilleure compréhension de l'état de la demande ou brevet qui figure sur cette page, la rubrique Mise en garde , et les descriptions de Brevet , États administratifs , Taxes périodiques et Historique des paiements devraient être consultées.

États administratifs

Titre Date
Date de délivrance prévu 2001-08-21
(22) Dépôt 1998-09-29
Requête d'examen 1998-09-29
(41) Mise à la disponibilité du public 2000-03-29
(45) Délivré 2001-08-21
Réputé périmé 2006-09-29

Historique d'abandonnement

Il n'y a pas d'historique d'abandonnement

Historique des paiements

Type de taxes Anniversaire Échéance Montant payé Date payée
Requête d'examen 400,00 $ 1998-09-29
Enregistrement de documents 100,00 $ 1998-09-29
Le dépôt d'une demande de brevet 300,00 $ 1998-09-29
Taxe de maintien en état - Demande - nouvelle loi 2 2000-09-29 100,00 $ 2000-08-30
Taxe de maintien en état - Demande - nouvelle loi 3 2001-10-01 100,00 $ 2000-12-15
Taxe finale 300,00 $ 2001-05-15
Taxe de maintien en état - brevet - nouvelle loi 4 2002-09-30 100,00 $ 2002-06-25
Taxe de maintien en état - brevet - nouvelle loi 5 2003-09-29 150,00 $ 2003-06-25
Taxe de maintien en état - brevet - nouvelle loi 6 2004-09-29 200,00 $ 2004-06-16
Titulaires au dossier

Les titulaires actuels et antérieures au dossier sont affichés en ordre alphabétique.

Titulaires actuels au dossier
IBM CANADA LIMITED-IBM CANADA LIMITEE
Titulaires antérieures au dossier
BIRD, PAUL M.
SNOWBELL, MICHAEL J.
Les propriétaires antérieurs qui ne figurent pas dans la liste des « Propriétaires au dossier » apparaîtront dans d'autres documents au dossier.
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Description du
Document 
Date
(yyyy-mm-dd) 
Nombre de pages   Taille de l'image (Ko) 
Dessins représentatifs 2000-03-06 1 7
Abrégé 1998-09-29 1 23
Description 1998-09-29 17 768
Revendications 1998-09-29 3 103
Dessins 1998-09-29 6 130
Page couverture 2000-03-06 1 36
Revendications 2001-03-12 3 139
Description 1998-11-30 18 793
Dessins 1998-11-30 6 119
Page couverture 2001-08-08 1 38
Dessins représentatifs 2001-08-08 1 6
Correspondance 2001-05-15 1 32
Poursuite-Amendment 2001-03-12 5 198
Poursuite-Amendment 2001-01-22 2 39
Cession 1998-09-29 4 143
Poursuite-Amendment 1998-11-30 9 224