Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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This invention relates to an apparatus for surface treatment of
parts with a resiliently supported vibratory container subjected to basic
oscillations and to supplementary oscillations superimposed upon the basic
oscillations to cause movement of parts and media.
It is known to design a vibratory container as an annular vessel.
In such instance, vertically spaced eccentric weights, mounted for rotation
about a vertical axis, are preferably used as generators for the vibratory
movement. By changing the rate of revolution and adjustment of the imbalance
of the weights relative to each other, it is possible to vary both amplitude
and frequency of vibrational movement, as well as the rate of directional
movement. However, there is a limit to the amount of variation, so that only
part of the desired surface treatment is accomplished.
It is an object of this invention to provide an apparatus of the
type described designed to permit wide adjustment of operating conditions,
with corresponding improvement in surface treatment.
According to the present invention there is provided an apparatus
for the surface treatment of parts with media comprising a horizontally dis-
~ posed annular vessel in which said parts and media are received, means resili-
; ently unting said annular vessel for multi-directional movement, eccentric
means connected to the annular vessel for imparting basic vibrations to said
annular vessel comprising one or more eccentrics mounted for rotational move-
ment about the vertical axis of the annular vessel, and a supplementary vibra-
tion generator means mounted on the annular vessel separate and apart from but
; in axial alignment with the eccentric means for inducing additional vibrations
independently of the basic vibrations.
Based on the design of this invention, apparatus of the type descri-
bed has greater functional value. The basic design of the apparatus, as known
in the prior art, need not be changed. Instead, there is provided a supple-
mentary vibratory generator at an appropriate location on the apparatus.
During surface treatment, the basic vibrations are modified by the supple-
mental vibrations normally of higher frequency acting on the container and
correspondingly on the material contained therein.
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The desired conditions, heretofore not ava;lable for surface
treatment with the basic vibrations, can be achieved by the
cumulative e~fect of the supplemental vibrations~ Moreover,
an improved surface treatment of parts is achieved with re-
d~ctio~ in treatment time.
The supplemental vibration can itself be varied to
enable further adjustments to be obtained. Moreover, the treat-
ment effect can be influenced by the adjustment of the plane of
vibration of the additional oscillations of the supplemental
generator. The supplemental vibrations can be aligned for move-
ment in a plane horizontal or vertical to the vibratory con-
tainer or even at an angle thereto.
The generator for the supplementary vibrations can be
variable in design. For example, it can be designed to be oper-
ated electro-mechanically, mechanically, pneumatically, or
hydraulically. It can also be designed so that only the supple-
mental oscillations are transmitted to the container for the
surface treatment of parts.
An advantageous design is in the form of a free
swinging means. Because of the action of the basic vibrations,
there is no precisely defined frequency. This, however, does
` not a~versely affect the surface treatment but instead makes
available the advantage of simplification of the supplementary
oscillations. For example, an applicable free swinging means
. .
comprises a ball vibrator which is driven by compressed air.
It is simple in design and not prone to disturbances. The fre-
quer.cy of the ball vibrator is determined essentially b~ the -
air pressure.
As a result of directing the supplementary vibrations
opposite to the rotary component of the basic vibrations, the
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surface treatment effect is increased. Moreover, the material
çontained in the vessel is stabiiized. ~or example, in a
vibratory container wherein the content material flows in a
spiral path, surface treabment of the parts can be effected
in a single path. For this purpose, the oscillations originat-
ing from the supplemental generator are adapted to account for
movement of the parts in a direction opposite to the direction
of movement induced by the basic vibrations.
Coaxial superpositioning of both vibrators offers
advantages from a technical standpoint of manufacture and use.
The generator for the supplemental vibrations is preferably
located on top of the unit thereby to facilitate access there-
to. If desired, the generator for the additional vibrations
can be simply inactivated.
An em~odiment of the invention is hereinafter de-
scribed with reference to Figuxes 1 to 3, in which -
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevational view through an
apparatus embodying the features of this invention, with the
supplemental vibra~or shown in elevational view at the top;
Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus shown
in Fig. l; ana
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevational view through the
generator in the form of a free oscillator for the supplemental
oscillations.
The apparatus is provided with a base 2 located on
a supporting panel 1. Compression springs 4 are seated about
tbe frontal edge 3 of the base 2 and on which the vibratory
container 5 is supported for vibratory movement. The vibra-
tory container is designed as an annular bowl with approxim-
ately an annular cross-section. The outer wall 6 of the
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container has an inwardly drawn edge 6'. The inner wall of
the container is joined at its upper edge to a central flat
horizontally disposed plate 8.
The vibrator 9, for inducing the basic vibrations,
is located centrally within the free area of base 2 and of
the vibratory container 5. Said vibrator 9 comprises an elec-
trical motor 9' for rotational movement of an axial shaft 9''
on which there are mounted the vertically spaced imbalance or
eccentric weights 10 and 11 which are reciprocally adjustable.
The generator 12, for the supp~ementary os~illations,
is arranged coaxially to the generator 9 of the basic vibra-
tions. For this purpose, a mounting bracket 13 is fixed on
the flat plate 8 which supports the generator 12 for the sup-
plementary oscillations designed as free swiinging means. The
free swinging means 12 comprises a ball vibrator having a bear-
' ing housing 14 from which supporting legs 15 extend for connec-
! tion to the mounting bracket 13 by means of screws 16.
The bearing houslng 14 is provided with two spaced
~' bearing rings 17 mounted coaxially in relation to each other
and chamfered on the inside. They extend against a~ inner
central collar 18 of the bearing housing 14. The bearing
housing is enclosed by two covers 19 and 20 secured to each
other in the assembled relation, under tension, by means of
screw 21. The chamfering 22 of the bearing rings 17 is designed
to correspond to the diameter of the ball 23.
The conduits 24 and 25, arranged parallel to each
other, extend from opposite sides of the bearing housing.
`~ The slip-on nipple 26 for the slip-on bushing 27 of a com-
pressed air duct 28, shown in dot and dash lines in Fig. 1,
is provided at the end of the conduit 25.
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The perorated air discharge pipe 29 extends from
the other conduit 24. The slip-on nipple 26 and the air dis-
charge pipe 29 are connected via openings 30 to the interior
of the bearing housing. In operation, ball 23 i9 caused to
rotate in the direction of the arrow X by the supply of com-
pressed air. The direction of rotation is thus made opposite
to that of the vibrator 9.
In order to disconnect the generator 12 of the sup-
plementary vibrations, one merely has to remove the slip-on
bushing 27 from the slip-on nipple.
It will be apparent that the bearing housing can be
rocked about its supporting bracket to fix the housing at
various angles, or that i~ can be inverted for rotation of
the ball in the opposite direction and that the speed of ro-
tation of the bowl can be adjusted by variation in the com-
pressed air from the standpoint of rate of flow and pressure.
In operation, the bowl is loaded with media and
parts to be subjected to surface treatment whereby, when the
basic and supplementary vibratory means are activated, the
parts and media are subjected to vibratory movement as they
are caused to move in a spiral or orbitol path about the bowl
at a rate and in vibratory frequency depending upon the ad-
justment of the basic vibrations as modified by the super-
imposed supplementary vibrations.
Surface treatment of the parts with the media is
effective to~improve the surface finish of the parts, remove
burrs or flashings from the parts, or to provide other sur-
face treatment before the parts are separated from the media.
