Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
1068836
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is known that the fire retardancy of polymeric compositions can
be improved by the incorporation of halogen compounds therein. Chlorinated
materials are among the most common and are usually combined with an inor-
ganic agent such as antimony trioxide. It is also known that certain brominecompounds are effective fire retarding agents and have an advantage, vis-a-
vis the chlorine materials, because the same level of fire retardancy can
usually be obtained with a smaller amount of additive. Most bromine con-
taining compounds, however, are not stable at the elevated temperatures
` 10 often encountered in the processing of polymeric compositions, e.g., the
elevated temperatures required for molding high molecular weight polymers.
Bialous in U.S. 3,673,278 teaches a thermoplastic resin composition
` asserted to have improved flame retardant and drip control properties which
is an admixture of a flame retardant polycarbonate resin and poly(tetra-
fluoroethylene). The flame retardant aromatic poTycarbonates are polymers
' of a halogen-substituted dihydric phenol such as tetrabromobisphenol-A
~2,2-bis-3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxphenyl(propane)]. Abolins teaches that flame `
~; retardant thermoplastic molding compositions can be obtained by incorpora-
ting the Bialous admixture with a normally flammable linear polyester and
filamentous glass. U. S. Patent 3,334,154 also relates to polycarbonates
~, containing halogenated bisphenols.
General Electric markets one of Bialous' flame retardant aromatic
polycarbonate compositions, in particular a polycarbonate prepared from
bisphenol-A, tetrabromobisphenol-A and phosgene, as an additive for poly-
butylene terephthalate injection molding compositions. The bromlnated -
polycarbonate additive is used at relatively high levels, about 30%, and
if the injection molding is carried out according to the recommended
~ . .
procedure, no problems are encountered. Unfortunately, injection molders
often inadvertently wander from the recommended processing conditions,
,30 particularly with respect to the processing temperature, which results
-.
t
- 2 - ~
1068836
in a high rejection rate for the final molded product. The tetrabromo-
bisphenol-A polycarbonate melts under such conditions which appears to cause
the additive to agglomerate in localized areas instead of being uniformly dis-
persed throughout the composition. As a consequence, some areas on the
` 5 product are highly fire retardant while other areas are not fire retardant
at all, and particularly with small objects, there is a possibility that
the item will contain insufficient of the localized concentration of fire
retardant addit~ve and hence be completely flammable.
Other brominated materials have been used for increasing the fire
retardancy of thermoplastic compositions used for molding applications.
As but one example, reference is made to Schwarz U. S. 3,645,962 which teaches
- the use of a brominated polyether.
Ismail, in U. S. 3,723,172 teaches that polyesters of an aromatic
dicarboxylic acid and a halogenated dihydric phenol (e.g., tetrabromobis-
phenol-A) can be used as a fire retardant coating for synthetic resinous
. bodies. Such fire retardant coatings for resinous bodies are susceptible
to damage by abrasion and removal by solvents, as compared to inherent fire
~ . , .
"~ retardance provided by incorporation of the fire retarding body within the
polymers. In addition to being expensive, such coatings are difficult to
apply uniformly to a complex molded article.
We have now found that aromatic polyesters of an aromatic dicarboxylic
acid and halogenated bisphenols, particularly brominated bisphenols, can be
employed as a fire retardant additive and have particular advantageous prop-
erties if their glass transition point is above 175~C. This polyester
additive can be used in molding compositons and does not melt should the
molder inadvertently employ a processing temperature which is somewhat
. higher than the recommended upper limit. As a result, the additive can
eliminate the high rejection rate. Additionally, the polyester additive
is non-blooming, i.e. has little or no tendency to migrate to the plastic
surface during processing and heat ageing that is often encountered in use.
- 3 -
106B~336
Bloom is a severe problem with monomeric halogen-containing additives.
When the additive migrates to the plastic surface, it can be lost from the
article as a result of routine abrasion or rubbing which, in turn, causes
the object to lose the fire retardant properties for which the additive
was used. Blooming also detracts from the appearance of the molded article.
Accordingly, it is the object of this invention to provide a halogen-
containing fire retardant additive which is characterized by having little
or no tendency to migrate to the surface during molding and in use also has
sufficient stability to permit it to be molded with various plastics. This
and other objects of the present invention will become apparent to those
skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INYENTION
This invention relates to a fire retardant polymer composition com-
prising a polymer and an effective fire retardant proportion of a fire re-
- 15 tardant additive which compr~ses an aromatic polyester of an aromatic di-
` carboxylic acid and a halogenated bisphenol, said polyester having a glass
transition point above about 175C., wherein said halogenated bisphenol
has the formula:
HO ~ (E) - ~ - OH
(Br)b ¦ (Br)d
~R2~Y (Rl)m (R3)Z
wherein E is a divalent (or di-substituted) alkylene, haloalkylene, cyclo-
alkylene, halocycloalkylene, arylene, haloarylene, -O-, -S-, -SO-, -S02-,
-S03-, -CO-, R4P = O or R5N _ ;
Rl, is alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, haloaryl, alkylaryl, haloalkylaryl, aryl-
alkyl, haloarylalkyl, cycloalkyl, or halocycloalkyl;R2 and R3 are independently selected from hydrogen and Rl;
R4 and R5 are independently selected from hydrogen, Rl and ORl;
m is integer from O to the number of replaceable hydrogen atoms on E; ~`
a, b, c and d are O to 4,
; 30 a + b is 1 to 4 and c ~ d is 1 to 4.
,
~,
1068836
y is 4-(a+b), and
z is 4-(c+d).
The foregoing hydrocarbon radicals preferably have carbon atoms
as follows: alkyl, haloalkyl, alkylene and haloalkylene of 1 to 14
carbons; aryl, haloaryl, arylene and haloarylene of 6 to 14 carbons,
alkylaryl, haloalkylaryl, arylalkyl and haloàrylalkyl of 7 to 14 carbons;
and cycloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, cycloalkylene and halocycloalkylene of
4 to 14 carbons.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In accordance with the present invention, the fire retardant additive
used is an aromatic polyester of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and halogen-
ated bisphenols having a glass transition point above about 175C. Glass
transition temperatures were determined by differential scanning calorimetry
at a heating rate of 10C per minute, using a Perkin-Elmer DSC-2 instrument.
The halogenated bisphenols useful in the polyesters of the invention
include: 2,2-bis(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane; 4,4'-(cyclohexylmethyl-
ene) bis(2,6-dichlorophenol); 2,2-bis-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane,
1,1-bis-(3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenylethane, 2,2-bis-(3,5-dibromo-
4-hydroxyphenyl)-hexane, 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3', 5,5'-tetra-chlorodiphenyl,
2,2-bis-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane, 2,2-bis-(3,5-dichloro-
-` 4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane, tetrachlorodiphenylolsulfone, bis(3,5-dibromo-4-
hydroxyphenyl) phenyl phosphine oxide, bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulf-
~xide, bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-sulfone, bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxy-
phenyl)sulfonate, bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-sulf;de, bis(3,5-dibromo-
4-hydroxyphenyl)amine, bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) ketone, and 2,3,5,6,
2',3',5',6'-octochloro-4,4'-hydroxy biphenyl. The bisphenols can contain 12
.` to about 30 carbon atoms and preferably 12 to about 25 carbon atoms.
; The polynuclear condensed bivalent phenols are derived essentially
-` from the dihydroxynaphthalenes. Suitable halogenated phenols of this
kind are, for example, the dichloro and dibromo compounds as well as the
-- 5 --
1068836
tetrabromo and tetrachloro dihydroxynaphthalenes, and also 3,5,3',5'-tetra-
chloro and 3,5,3',5'-tetrabromophenolphthalines and their isomers.
The aromatic dicarboxylic acid component of the polyester can be a
single acid, e.g., terephthalic acid, or can be a mixture of acids, e.g.,
terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid. Similarly, the bisphenol can be
the sole base component of the polyester or it can be employed together
with other polyhydric alcohols. Dihydric alcohols are preferred, however,
higher functional alcohols can be employed. Typical exa~ples include
ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene
glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, hexylene
glycol, 2-methyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propandiol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 1,5-pent-
anediol, thiodiglycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol,
; 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,2-dimethyl-1,2-
cyclopentanediol, the dihydroxy-diphenyls such as 2,2'-dihydroxy-diphenyl,
t5 4,4'-dihydroxy-2-methyldiphenyl, 4,4'-dihydroxy-2,4'-dimethyl diphenyl,
glycerol, trimethylol propane, 1,2,4-butanetriol, pentaerythritol, and
the like. Halogenated glycols can also be employed such as dibromoneopentyl
glycol, dibromobutene diol, oxyalkylated tetrabromobisphenol A, and diols
of the formulas:
HOCH2CH20 ~ CH2CH2H
HOCH2CH2NH =1 N~ICH2CH20H
~` Cl Cl Cl Cl
; Generally, the polyhydric alcohols have 2-6 hydroxyl groups and about
2-20 carbon atoms. However, it is also useful to include minor amounts
of monofunctional hydroxy compounds such as dibromopropanol, tribromo-
2~ neopentyl alcohol and halophenols of the formula:
.
i . .
,'
1068836
(Br~y
wherein x is 0 to 5, y is 0 to 5, and x + y is 1 to 5.
Aromatic dicarboxylic acids from which the polyesters of this
invention are derived are of the general formula H02C-A-C02H where A is
Ar or -Ar-B-Ar-, Ar is arylene such as phenylene, halophenylene, naphthalene,
halonapthalene, and the like, and B is -0-, -S-, -S0-, -S02-, -S03-, -C0-,
R4P~= 0, R5 ~ or alkylene. Typical examples include terephthalic
acid; isophthalic acid; phthalic acid; 2,5-dibromoterephthalic acids; 2,5-
dichloroterephthalic acid; tetrabromophthalic anhydride; tetrachlorophthalic
anhydride; bis(4-carboxy)-diphenyl; bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-ether; bis(4-carboxy-
phenyl)-sulfone; bis(4-carboxyphenyl-carbonyl; bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-
methane; bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-dichloromethane; 1,2-and 1,1-bis(4-carboxy-
; phenyl)-ethane; l,l-and 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-propane; 1,1- and 2,2-bis
(3-carboxyphenyl)-propane; 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-1,1-dimethyl-propane;
` 15 1,1- and 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-butane; 1,1- and 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-
pentanej 3,3-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-heptane; 3,3-bis(carboxyphenyl)-heptane,
and oxyalkylated tetrabromophthalic acid. A portion of the aromatic dicar-
boxylic acid can be replaced by an aliphatic or haloaliphatic acid or anhy-
dride such as chlorendic, adipic, sebacic and oxalic.
. 20 Whether the aromatic polyester is manufactured from a single acid
and halogenated bisphenols or a mixture of acids and bisphenol, or a mixture
of halogenated bisphenols and a polyhydric alcohol and an acid or acids, it is
important that the aro~atic polyester thus produced have a glass transition
point above about 175C. It is preferred that the glass transition point of
the polyester be at least about 190C. In general, increasing the amount of
' terephthalic acid and/or halogenated bisphenol in the polyester increases
the glass transition point. For example, an acceptable polyester can be
.~ prepared from 50 mol percent terepthalic acid, 50 mol percent isophthalic
acid, 75 mol percent tetrabromo-bisphenol-A and 25 mol percent 1,6-hexanediol.
_
,
1068836
Increasing the mol percentage of the terephthalic acid as the acid
component and the mol percent of tetrabromobisphenol-A as the base
component will increase the glass transition point while conversely
increasing the mol percentage of the isophthalic acid and the
hexanediol will decrease the glass transition point. In general,
the aromatic polyesters have an intrinsic viscosity of at least 0.1
and up to l.S dic;leters per gram, preferably about 0.2 to 0.8 dl/g.
measured at 0.5 percent in tetrachloroethane at 30C.
The preparation of the aromatic polyester additive of the present
invention is known per se. For example, the aromatic dicarboxylic acid
in the form of the dichloride can be mixed with the tetrabromobisphenol-
A and other polyhydric alcohols, in organic solvents, if appropriate,
and reacted at a temperature between 0 and 300C., preferably in the
presence of catalysts, with the formation of by-product HCl. Typical
procedures are set forth in the following Examples and in the copending
~` applications: SN 244,343, filed January 23, 1976 by Anthony L. Lemper ~ .
and Jerold C. Rosenfeld; and SN 244,340, filed January 23, 1976 and
SN 243,977, filed January 21, 1976, both by Joseph A. Pawlak, Anthony
L. Lemper and Victor A. Pattison.
The aromatic polyester of the present invention can be used as
an additive to impart the fire retardancy to any of the normally
flammable plastics. Typical polymers in which the polyester of this
` invention finds utility as an additive are homopolymers and copolymers
of unsaturated aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons such as
polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, ethylene/propylene copolymers,
copolymers of ethylene or propylene with other olefins, polybutadiene;
polymers of butadiene, polyisoprene both natural and synthetic, poly-
styrene, polyindene, ;ndenecoumarone resins; polymers of acrylate esters
.. .':
., ~ '
1r - 8 -
;,~
.
1068836
and polymers of methacrylate esters. Other polymers include acrylate
and.methacrylate resins such as ethyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate,
isobutyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and methyl methacrylate;
alkyd resins; cellulose derivatives such as cellulose acetate, cellu-
s lose acetate butyrate, cellulose nitrate, ethyl cellulose, hydroxy-
ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
epoxy resins, furan resins (furfuryl alcohol or furfural-ketone);
.. .~
~ ~ .
,~ ''''
,
r ~ ;~
1068836
hydrocarbon resins from petroleum; isobutylene resins (polyisobutylene);
isocyanate resins (polyurethanes); melamine resins such as melamine-formal-
dehyde and melamine-urea-formaldehyde; oleo-resins; phenolic resins such
as phenolformaldehyde,~phenolic-elastomer, phenolic-epoxy, phenolic-polyamide,
and phenolic-vinyl acetals; polyamide resins such as polyamides and polyamide-
epoxy; polyester resins such as polyesters (unsaturated) and polyester elas-
tomer and resorcinol resins such as resorcinol-formaldehyde. resorcinol-
furfural, resorcinol-phenol-formaldehyde, resorcinol-polyamide and resorcinol-
urea; rubbers such as natural rubber, synthetic polyisoprene, reclaimed
rubber, chlorinated rubber, polybutadiene, cyclized rubber, butadiene-acry-
lonitrile rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber and butyl rubber; neoprene
rubber (polychloroprene); polysulfides (Thikol); styrene resins (polystyrene);
terpene resinsi urea resinsi vinyl resins such as vinyl acetal, vinyl
acetate or vinyl alcohol-acetate copolymer, vinyl alcohol, vinyl chloride,
vinyl butyral, vinyl chloride-acetate copolymer, vinyl pyrrolidone and
vinylidene chloride copolymer; polyformaldehyde; bitumens and asphalts.
The aromatic polyesters of the present invention are particularly useful
as additives for injection molding thermoplastic compositions and especially
the higher molecular weight, normally flammable, linear polymeric glycol
esters of terephthalic acid and isophthalic acids such as polyethylene
terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate and
the like.
. ~ .
- The polymeric compositions, and particularly those intended for `
molding uses, can contain the usual reinforcing fillers such as mineral
silicates, silica obtained by evaporation of the silica sol, quartz, silica
gel, glass fibers, cristobalite, asbestos, clay, talc, and the like. Small -
amounts of stabilizing agents, lubricants, dye additives, pigments, antistatic
agents, nucleating agents, and the like, can also be present. Any of such -
additives should, of course, not detrimentally effect the flame retardancy ~-
30 of the composition. -
:~,
.~
1068836
If desired, in addition to the aromatic polyester additive of this
invention, metallic compounds of aluminum, zinc, arsenic, antimony `
or bismuth can also be employed. Hydrated aluminas are the`preferred
aluminum compounds. Zinc borate is a useful zinc compound. Antimony
oxide is the preferred antimony compound although many antimony compounds
`~ are suitable. Such compounds include the sulfides of antimony, alkali
~etal antimonite salts, antimony salts of organic acids ànd their pentavalent
derivatives such as those disclosed in U. S. patent 2,996,528, and esters
of antimonous acids and their pentavalent derivatives such as disclosed in
U. S. patent 2,993,928. Still other suitable organic antimony compounds
are the acyclic antimonites such as trimethylol propane antimonite, pentaery-
thritol antimonite and glycerol antimonite. The corresponding arsenic
and bismuth compounds can also be employed, in particular the oxides or
arsenic and bismuth.
The compositions of this invention can be prepared by mixing the base
polymer with the aromatic polyester and metallic additives and other
additives, if used, in the conventional mànner, e.g., on roll mills,
:~` kneaders or extruders, or by agitating in the presence of an organic solvent.
` The aromatic polyester is employed ;n the total polymer composition in an
2Q effective fire retardant proportion which, in general, corresponds to a
halogen concentration of about 1 to 30 percent by weight, preferably about
3 to 15 percent of the total polymer composition. The metallic additives ~ -
of antimony, arsenic, and bismuth, zinc and aluminum when used, generally
are about 1-30 percent by weight, preferably about 5-20 percent by weight
25 of the total polymer composition. `-
In order to further illustrate the present invention, various Examples
are set forth below. In these Examples, as well as throughout the entire
specification and claims, all parts and percentages are by weight and all
temperatures are in degrees Centigrade unless otherwise specified.
- 1 0
,
.
s ~.
~068836
Example 1
A tetrabromobisphenol-A/terephthalate/isophthalate polyester was
prepared as follows. 50.75 g (0.25 mol) of terephthaloyl chloride and
50.75 gm (0.25 mol) of isophthaloyl chloride dissolved in 250 ml of
methylene chloride was added to a solution containing 272.0 9 (0.5 mol)
o~ tetrabromobisphenol-A in lS00 ml of dry pyridine at 0-5C over a
l-hour period of time. The mixture was allowed to stir overnight and then
the polymer~c product was precipitated into water, dissolved in methylene
chloride, and then washed first with dilute aqueous HCl and then with
distilled water until the washings were found to be chloride free. The
methylene chloride was then flashed off by dripping the solution into
stirred hot water and the recovered polyester was dried in a vacuum oven.
The structure of the polyester was confirmed by NMR and by percent bromine.
The polyester had a glass transition temperature about 255C and an intrinsic
, 15 viscosity of 0.33. In the following Examples, this polyester is designated
- as polyester A. `
ExamPle ?
A tetrabromobisphenol-A/hexanediol/isophthalate/terephthalate polyester
was prepared as follows. 50.75 9 (0.25 mol) of isophthaloyl chloride and
50.75 9 (0.25 mol) of terephthaloyl chloride were charged into a 3-liter
flask with approximately 1500 ml of dry methylene chloride. Separately,
14.8 9 (0.12~ mol) of 1,6-hexanediol and 204 9 (0.375 mol) of tetrabromo-
bisphenol-A were dissolved in 500 ml of methylene chloride and the resulting
.~ solution was placed in an addition funnel on the 3-liter flask. A second
addition funnel containing 111.1 9 (1.1 mol) of triethylamine was also placed
; on the flask. The two solutions were added to the flask simultaneously at
0-5C over a 2-hour period and the resulting solution was allowed to stir
overnight. Thereafter the solut;on was washed with dilute aqueous HCl
and then with distilled water until the washings were free of chloride.
- 11 -
1068836
Then, the methylene chloride was flashed off and the polyester dried as
set forth in Example 1. The structure of the polyester was confirmed by
NMR analysis and percentage bromine. The polyester had a glass transition
point of about 191C and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.22. In the following
Examples, this polyester is designated as polyester B.
Examples 3-6
Polyesters A and B were separately ground into a fine powder in a
Wiley mill. They were then mixed with polybutylene terephthalate and antimony
trioxide, and in some instances glass fibers, and extruded in a brabender
extruder and the resulting formulations were injection molded in an Arburg
reciprocating screw machine. The formulations employed and properties of the
rclded art9cles are set forth 9n the follow9ng Table.
.' ~
, .
, ~ .
.. . .
;, ~
:, 1 ' '
., u~
' ~ 12
., :
1068836
a~
~ o o
o a~ ) O o o o
.~ ~D U~ ~ ~ O ~ ^ C~l ^ O ~ ~ ~ U~ ~ ~`
ei~ N _ 0 N ~ _ ~
u~l ~ I ~D O g
co ~ Ln o
~ _ o c ~ N O
r O ~ O U) C~l _ ~ O _ L~
oO g
O ~ O ~ ~D ~ ~ ~i _ O 1~ ~ I I '
N
:
rl
.~ ILI O L~ O
.~ I ~ . oo ~o a~
;~ iD ~ ~ C iD o g ` ~ N
"~ C~J ~ ~) O 1~ _ --' O ` .``
O ~U~ d' o C~l C~l '
~ ~ '
.'`-`'1` . `~, '
: ~ .
.~ rn
~ ~,
i` V~ a) N .~
E ~ V u) o_ ^ s
C)~ ~ ~ ~ X S .~
~ ~ E ~ .c ~ t~ ~ ~ ~ :
a~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o ~ ..
~`.' O ~-~ a ~ 1 C ~ Z rJ m
. ~ cl: 8 ~ o ~ ~o ~ ~ ~ x m a)
o ~ 1--~ tn s ~ o ~ ~ _ ~ ~
Q~ v~ ~ ~ m ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ a) ,_ ~ ~ r-- .
~ . ~ ^ a~ ~ ~ O ~ ~ a~ a) ~ ~ ~
`i ~ ~ ~ O r ul ~ x x ~ ~ E cns~ LLJ
o ~ m D _ ~ S a) --. N a~ ~ X ~ J I Ul
~ ~ O ~
.~
- 12 A -
. `
.,
,,
:
. .
1068836
Additional molded specimens of Examples 3 and 5 were hung in a circulating
air oven at either 120- 2C for 13 days or at 150+3C for 16 days and perio-
dically checked for bloom by removing each sample from the oven and rubbing
off any solid on the molding surface with a dark blue cloth. Essentially no
bloom was detected in the samples at either temperature -- a ~ery slight
amount of bloom could have been obscured by the shine in the cloth from
rubbing the molded parts.
It will be seen from the foregoing Table that incorporation of the
additive in an amount of about 10-16 weight percent produced excellent
results.
Examples 7-11
Following the procedure of Example 2, an aromatic polyester resin is
prepared containing 25 mol percent terephthalic acid, 25`mol percent isoph-
thalic acid, 37.5 mol percent tetrabromobisphenol-A and 12.~ percent 1,6-
hexanediol. The following polymers are compounded with about 12 weightpercent of the polyester and about 5 percent` antimony trioxide to obtain a
~ire retardant composition:
Example Polymer - 7 Polyethylene
` 20 8 Polypropylene
`` 9 Polyethylene terephthalate
t
Polymethyl methacrylate
11 Polysbrene
Examples 12-lS
Following the procedure of Example 2, an aromatic polyester resin
is prepared containing 30 mol percent terephthalic acid, 20 mol percent
isophthalic acid, 40 mol percent tetrabromobisphenol-~ and 10 mol percent-
ethylene glycol. The following thermoplastic polymers are compounded
with about 15 weight percent of the aromatic polyester and about 6 weight
percent of antimony trioxide to obtain a fire retardant material:
- 13 -
.:
1068836
Example Polymer
12 Styrene butadiene rubber
13 Ethylene-propylene rubber
- 14 Ethylene-propylene terpolymer
Butyl rubber
Example 16
The following materials were blended in a Henschel Mill, extruded
in a Brabender extruder and molded in a New Britain, screw injection molding
machine: polybutylene terephthalate (75.89 parts), decabromodiphenylether
(Dow FR 300 BA, 8.30 parts) and glass fibers, antimony oxide and inert filler
` (58.81 total). The following properties were determined on the molded piecès:
Fire Retardant Properties
Oxygen Index 30-32
ASTM-D635 SE
UL-94, 1/8" bar V-O
UL-94, 1/16" bar V-O
i
Physical Properties
" ,~ Tensile Strength at Break 17,300
% Elongation at Break 4.6
Fluxural Strength (psi) 25,900
Fluxural Modules X106 1.4
Izod Impact (notched, ft-lb) 1.3
~, Heat Distortion Temp. (C, 264 psi) 197
; ~ Appearance Heavy Bloom at 120C
The physical and fire retardant properties of this composition are good,
however, it exhibits heavy bloom on heat-ageing as do most compositions con-
` taining monomeric halogen additives.
Various changes and modifications can be made in the process and products30 of this invention without departing from the spirit and the scope thereof.
The various embodiments set forth herein were for the purpose of further
illustrating the invention but were not intended to limit it.
- 14 -
-.
