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Patent 1091968 Summary

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Claims and Abstract availability

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(12) Patent: (11) CA 1091968
(21) Application Number: 1091968
(54) English Title: CATTLE FENCE
(54) French Title: NO TRANSLATION AVAILABLE
Status: Term Expired - Post Grant
Bibliographic Data
(51) International Patent Classification (IPC):
  • E4H 17/00 (2006.01)
  • A1K 3/00 (2006.01)
  • E4H 17/14 (2006.01)
(72) Inventors :
  • HILLMAN, DONALD P. (Canada)
(73) Owners :
  • DONALD P. HILLMAN
(71) Applicants :
(74) Agent: GEORGE H. DUNSMUIRDUNSMUIR, GEORGE H.
(74) Associate agent:
(45) Issued: 1980-12-23
(22) Filed Date: 1979-05-23
Availability of licence: Yes
Dedicated to the Public: N/A
(25) Language of filing: English

Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT): No

(30) Application Priority Data: None

Abstracts

English Abstract


ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The invention comprises a cattle excluding enclosure
structure adapted to restrain entry of cattle into the area
defined by the structure comprising a plurality of generally
vertically disposed rigid post members each having a lower
ground engaging portion and an upper inwardly inclined rail
supporting portion having an above-ground height approxi-
mately equal to the knee-height of a mature bovine; the up-
per end of the upper inwardly inclined rail supporting por-
tion having an above ground height at least approximately
equal to the belly height of a mature bovine; a plurality
of horizontally disposed rail members affixed to the post
members and spanning the interval defined between adjacent
post members, at least one rail member being mounted ap-
proximately at the bovine knee-height.


Claims

Note: Claims are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.


THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A cattle excluding enclosure structure adapted to restrain
entry of cattle into the area defined by said structure com-
prising:
(a) a plurality of generally vertically disposed rigid
post members each having a lower ground engaging portion and
an upper inwardly inclined rail supporting portion, the lower
end of said upper inwardly inclined rail supporting portion
having an above-ground height approximately equal to the
knee-height of a mature bovine; the upper end of said upper
inwardly inclined rail supporting portion having an above
ground height at least approximately equal to the belly-height
of a mature bovine;
(b) a plurality of horizontally disposed rail members
affixed to said post members and spanning the interval de-
fined between adjacent of said post members, at least one
member being mounted approximately at said bovine knee-
height.
2. The structure according to Claim 1 wherein said lower
end of said rail supporting portion is located between 8
and 24 inches above the ground.
3. The structure according to Claim 1 wherein said upper
end of said rail supporting portion is located between 20
and 30 inches above the ground.
4. The structure according to Claim 1 wherein said plurality
of horizontally disposed rail members are attached to said
post members substantially one above the other and wherein
the substantially vertical displacement between adjacent of
said rail members is in the range of 6 - 12 inches.
5. The structure according to Claim 4 wherein at least
one of said horizontally disposed rail members is affixed

to the upper end of said upper inwardly inclined rail sup-
porting portion of each said post member.
6. The structure according to Claim 1 wherein said upper
inwardly inclined rail supporting member subtends at an an-
gle within 15° of the vertical to 15° of the horizontal re-
spectively.
7. The structure according to Claim 1 wherein said lower
ground engaging portion of said post members, is substan-
tially vertical.

Description

Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.


61~
The invention relates to the construction of fences
and more particularly but not exclusively to a fence de-
signed to enclose limited areas for the purpose of prevent-
ing animal encroachment.
As is well known, it is common to find structures such
as oil, gas or water well heads on agricultural land which
is used principally for grazing purposes.
As is also well known, considerable damage can be
caused to such structures by grazing animals, particularly
cattle.
To alleviate this problem, it has been the practice
ko enclose such structures with fences, the most common type
utilizing continuous wire or wire mesh, with vertical, steel
supporting posts. The disadvantages of such conventional
fencing is that cattle for example, are able to disrupt the
fence within a relatively short time due to their ability to
push against it and rub on it with their bodies or horns.
The present invention seeks to provide an alternative
form of fence suitable for enclosing such structures formed
in such a manner that animals, such as cattle, are dissuaded
from contact.
Accordingly, the invention comprises a cattle excluding
enclosure structure adapted to restrain entry of cattle into
the area defined by the structure comprising a plurality of
generally vertically disposed riyid post members each having
a lower ground engaging portion and an upper inwardly inclined
rail supporting portion, the lower end of the upper inwardly
inclined rail supporting portion having an above-ground height
approximately equal to the knee-height of a mature bovine; the
upper end of said upper inwardly inclined rail supporting portion

68
having an above ground height at least approximately equal
to the belly height of a mature bovine; a plurality of hori-
zontally disposed rail members affixed to the post members
and spanning the interval defined between adjacent of said
post members, at least one member being mounted approximate-
ly at the bovine knee-height.
The invention will now be described by way of example
only, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in
which:
Figure 1 is a plan view of a typical enclosure formed
in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the enclosure accord~
ing to Figure l;
Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the enclosure
according to Figure l;
Figure 4 is a detail view, partially sectional showing
one method of interconnecting side members of the fence ac-
cording to the invention, and;
Figure 5 is a perspective view of a second embodiment
of the present invention showing an enclosure of generally
circular configuration.
The preferred embodiment of the invention, to be des-
cribed more particularly hereafter, with reference to Figures
1 to 4 of the attached drawings, discloses an enclosure 10,
suitable for enclosing a gas or oil well head (not shown).
While a substantially square, four sided enclosure
has been depicted in Figures 1 to 4, it is to be understood
that the present invention lends itself to other configura-
tions, such as rectangular, triangular, octagonal etc. in
addition to a circular configuration which will be described

~g~L~6~
having regard to Figure 5.
In its preferred form, the novel fence construction
utilizes metal tubing, which as will be appreciated, provides
for a relatively rigid, stable and compact enclosure. In the
preferred embodiment, 1~" square box tubing is used throughout,
but again it will be apparent that round tubing or even angle
iron could be readily substituted,or any other material able
to provide, in the finished product, the necessary strength
and rigidity.
With particular reference to Figures 1 to 4, the fence
10 comprises a plurality of rail supporting corner posts 11
sek in the ground, each post 11 including a lower substantially
vertical portion ll(a) and an upper angulated portion ll(b).
The upper portion ll(b) being inclined relative to the lower
portion ll(a) such that portion ll(b) projects or extends
into the space 12 to be enclosed.
While in Figures 2 and 3 depict the corner posts 11 as
comprising two separate members, joined in end-to-end relation
as by welding, it will be understood that such posts could be
manufactured in one piece, the upper portion being simply
formed as by bending to a suitable angle of inclination.
The fence is completed by providing a plurality of
horizontally disposed rail members 13 spanning the interval
defined between adjacent of corner posts 11. Attachment of
members 12 to corner posts 11 may be as by welding or any
other suitable means.
To facilitate assembly and/or disassembly in this em-
bodiment, the rail members on two oppositely facing sides of
, such fence have been depicted as being detachably secured at
a mid-point of their length, at 14. In this regard, Figure 4

~ ~3~68
is referred to as showing a simple method of jointing adja-
cent sections 13(a) and 13(b) of rail members 12. As indi-
cated previously, members 13 are tubular thus making it pos-
sible to utilize an intermediate member 15 as a joining mem-
ber. Member 15 as s~own,being fixedly attached as by welding
within the core of section 13(a), the projecting portlon 15(a)
being adapted to be slidably engaged with the core of section
13(b) and securable by means of a pin or bolt 16.
While the actual dimensions of the fence according to the
present invention are by no means critical, to achieve the
principle objective, namely to dissuade or prevent anlmals
from force~ully contacting the structure r several features
are of importance.
Firstly, the inward inclination of the upper inwardly in-
clined rail supporting portion ll(b) of corner post 11 must
be sufficient to dissuade animals from either rubbing against
the side members 13 or leaning the weight of their bodies on
those members. Therefore, in the preferred form of the pre-
sent invention angle x (Figure 3) is chosen within 15 oE the
vertical to 15 of the horizontal inclusive.
Secondly, in the embodiment according to Figures 1-4,
it is important that the lower end of the upper inwardly in-
clined rail supporting portion ll(b) of post member 11, when
the structure is emplaced, be restricted in its height rela-
tive to the ground. The reason for this restriction being
again due to the fact that animals must be dissuaded from
normal body contact with the posts or the rails. To achieve
this objective, it is preferable for the post to commence
its inward slope at approximately the knee height of a ma-
ture bovine. Thus, in the preferred construction oE the

_ 5 _ ~ 6 8
fence when emplaced, the height of portion ll(a) from the
ground to the commencement of the sloping portion ll(b) is
selected between 8 inches and 24 inches.
A third and relatively important structural consideration
resides in the substantially vertical spacing between parallel
rail members 13, in that i-t is preferable while any number of
members can be utilized in the construction of any one side of
the enclosure, that the spacing between each member be such
that an animal attempting to rub its horns on an upper member
would contact a lower member with its nose. The spacing be-
tween members however, must not be great enough to allow an
animal to insert its head between the members, therefore,in
the preferred construction of the fence, spacing of rail mem-
bers 13 is selected as in the range of 6 to 12 inches.
In addition, it is preferable in the practice of the pre-
sent invention that the uppermost end of the upper inwardly
inclined rail supporting post ll(b) has an above ground height
at least equal to the belly height of a mature bovine. By
attaching one of the horizontal rail members 13 to the top of
post 11 at this preferred height, any attempt by an animal to
step over the fence will bring its underparts into contact
with the rail or top of the post and deter the animal from
proceeding further.
Again, in practice, it has been found preferable that
the vertical height of the fence, that is the above height
to the top end of the post 11, or the uppermost rail member
13 be chosen within the range of 20 to 36 inches.
In connection with each range of diameters quoted here-
tofore, the figures provided are based on a general survey
of the various breeds of bovine, with particular reference

L9i~
-- 6
to mature animals.
Finally, the relative positioning of the lowermost rail
member 13 is considered of importance to the construction ac-
cording to the present invention. The lowermost of rail mem-
bers 13 will preferably be located to be approximately level
with the previously mentioned knee-height of a m~ture bovine.
This will additionally ensure that member 13 is located suf-
ficiently close to the ground such that a horned bovine could
not rub its horns on the rail member without contacting the
ground with its nose, which again provides a satisfactory
deterent.
With such a fence construction, a means of access to the
enclosed area may be required and while a gate could be pro-
vided, it has been found economically advantageous to simply
utilize steps 17 (Figure 1), these being located at any suit-
able point on the periphery of the fence and fixedly attached,
as by welding, to rail members 13.
Looking now to the alternative fence construction as
depicted in Figure 5, it can be seen that objects of the pre-
sent invention can be realized by providing an enclosure ofcircular configuration. The main rail supporting posts 11
in this embodiment are identical in form to those depicted
in Figures 1 to 3, however it would possibly be advan-tageous
to form the posts with an upper curved profile, compatible
with the longitudinal curvature of member 13, thus readily
facilitating interconnection therewith.
Further modifications and alternative embodiments of
the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art
in view of the foregoing description~ Accordingly, this
description is to be construed as illustrative only and is

_ 7 _ 1~3~ ~ g 6 8
for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the man-
ner of carrying out the invention. It is further understood
that the form o~ the invention herewith shown is to be taken
as the presently preferred embodiment. Various changes may
be made in the shape, size and general arrangement of compo-
nents, for example, equivalent elements may be substituted
for those illustrated and described herein, parts may be used
independently of the use of other features, all as will be
apparent to one skilled in the art af-ter having the benefits
of the description of the invention and the appended claims.

Representative Drawing

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Administrative Status

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Event History

Description Date
Inactive: IPC from MCD 2006-03-11
Inactive: IPC from MCD 2006-03-11
Inactive: Expired (old Act Patent) latest possible expiry date 1997-12-23
Grant by Issuance 1980-12-23

Abandonment History

There is no abandonment history.

Owners on Record

Note: Records showing the ownership history in alphabetical order.

Current Owners on Record
DONALD P. HILLMAN
Past Owners on Record
None
Past Owners that do not appear in the "Owners on Record" listing will appear in other documentation within the application.
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Document
Description 
Date
(yyyy-mm-dd) 
Number of pages   Size of Image (KB) 
Cover Page 1994-04-19 1 8
Abstract 1994-04-19 1 20
Claims 1994-04-19 2 51
Drawings 1994-04-19 2 48
Descriptions 1994-04-19 7 244