Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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The invention relates to a method for ultrasonic weldlng of web-
seam closures for folding boxes, espec~ally a box comprising a gable and made
of a cardboard material coated with a thermoplastic synthetic material.
In one known method of this kind, after t~e gable of the folding
box has been folded, the areas of the web-seam to be welded together are
placed, between a so-called anvil and a sonotrode and caused to vibrate by
ultrasonic waves. Exciting the sonotrode with ultrasonic waves softens and
welds together the confronting sides of the areas to be welded together.
It has been found in practice that especially if the interior of
the folding box is also coated with aluminum foil, a web-seam produced with
ultrasonic waves cannot close the box sufficiently reliably, since dimpled
open areas are formed (United States Patent 3y~10,014).
It is the purpose of the invention to provide a method to achieve
a satisfactory web-seam which will seal the folding box.
The invention provides a method for producing a web-seam closure by
ultrasonic welding for a folding box, formed from material coated with a
thermoplastic synthetic material, wherein after the web-seam has been folded
the areas thereof to be welded are held together on the side of the weld seam
towards the interior of the box by pressure forces acting from the outside,
the said pressure forces being applied during the welding operation and during
a subsequent cooling period.
The surprising result of the invention is that a satisfactory, i.e.
dimple-free and completely sealed, web-seam closure can be obtained with con-
ventional ultrasonic welding, if the two areas to be united are held firmly
together during the welding operatlon. The invention ia based upon the know-
ledge that because of the restoring forces of the cardboard material the
areas of the seam to be welded together after the gable has been folded do
not remain sufficiently close together, in spite of the highlfrequency of the
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sonotrode moving back and forth along the seam. However, this disadvantage
can be overcome with the extremely simple means according to the invention.
Preferably the pressure forces act along a line running parallel
with the weld-seam and at a short distance therefrom. This provides an oppor-
tunity for the thermoplastic material forced to the edge to escape. The
pressure forces preterably act at a short distance from the fold line between
the web-seam and the gable or wall of the box. With this arrangement, even
if the pressure forces act only along a line, using the buckling point o~ the
web-seam areas, these areas are held together during the welding operation.
The mechanical strength and sealing oE the weld-seam may be still
further improved by ensuring that the pressure on the weld-seam during the
welding operation decreases transversely from the centre of the seam to the
edge facing the interior of the box, in such a manner that the thermoplastic
synthetic material, forced from the centre to the edge, forms a V-seam bead.
From another aspect~ the invention provides apparatus for ultrasonic
welding a web-seam closure in a box of a material coated with a thermoplastic
synthetic material, said apparatus comprising welding tools consisting of an
anvil and a sonotrode which co-operates therewith and is caused to vibrate by
means of ultrasonic waves, wherein co-operating pressure tools are provided
to act upon the box at the side of the anvil and the sonotrode towards the
interior of the box, and at a short distance from said anvil and said sono-
trode, said pressure tools being operative during the period when said sono-
trode is vibrated and during a subsequent cooling period.
It is desirable for the anvil to comprise a transversely arched rib
extending longitudinally of the web-seam and acting as stop-surface for the
sonotrode.
The invention is described hereinafter in greater detail, in con-
]unction with the drawing showing, by way of example, a part lof the welding
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tools during the welding operation.
The device required for the welding operation ~onsists of an anvil
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l and a sonotrocle 2 co-operatillg therewith and operating ultrasonically, as
welding tools. A weldlng device of th;s kind is known ln principle ~United
States Patent 3 468 731).
A foldin~ tool 5 is arranged on the same carrier 6 next to anvil 1,
but leaving a gap ~, on the side facing a folding box 3. A second folding
tool 8, co-operating with the first folding tool S, is arranged next to sono-
trode 2, but leaving a gap 7 facing gap 4, on the side facing oldi~g box 3,
the second folding tool being supported by a compression spring on a sonotrode
carrier (not shown~. The welding and folding tools 1, 2, 5, 8 have a tong-
like movement which may be produced by a known drive (German OS 2 520 400).
When the folding box 3 ~with gable 9 still open but creased or par-
tially folded~, is fed transversely into the areas between the folding tools
5, 8 which are spaced apart, the folding tools are moved towards each other
like a pair of tongs, thus moving the gable 9 into the fully folded position
shown in the drawing, so that the actual welding operation can be carried out.
During the welding operation, web-seam areas 10, 11 which are to
be welded together and which are coated internally with a thermoplastic syn-
thetic material e.g., polyethylene are held together directly above fold-lines
12, 13, by folding tools 5, 8, along the entire length of the web-seam. Weld-
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ing tools 1, 2 are applied at a short distance from folding tools 5~8. As
soon as the sonotrode is excited with ultrasonic waves, the thermoplastic
synthetic material softens. The slightly convex surface of anvil 1 forces ~,
this softened material towards the edges, in such a manner as to form V-seam
beads 14, 15. These V-seam beads are highly important in prov~ding the clos-
ure with both mechanical strength and the ability to seal.
As soon as the weld-seam has been produced, the ultrasonic energy
may be switched off. However, areas 10, 12 o the seam remain for a short ~-
time held together by the folding tools 5, 8, until the weldlhas become suf-
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ficiently cool to hold the sald areas together by itself. Since according to
the invention, any restoring forces in web-seam areas l~, 12 are counteracted
by folding tools 5, ~, these areas remain together during the welding opera-
tion. Furthermore, dimples affecting the mechanical strength and sealing
properties of the seam no longer occur during the welding operation.
The method according to the invention also has the advantage tha~
no additional tools are required to hold the areas of the web-seam together,
since the folding tools, which are in any case present, and which in this case
are actuated jointly with the welding tools, may be used for the purpose.
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