Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
COMP()SIrrI()M ~OR INTr,NSIl; IF,I:) ~ATTF,MING OF
LIVF.~T(~(~K AND POllLTRY AND M~,q'HOI:) OF PR~-
PARIN(:; ~;AM~,
The present invention relates to farming and conce~ns in~
creasing the productivity of raising liveskock and poultry
and specifically , it relates to compositions for intensifying
fatteninq of livestock and poultry.
Achievements of modern science and effective methods of
livestock raising are extensively used throughout the world
in order to ensure rapid development of animal husbandry.
Apart from improvinq the breed of cattle, their feed and condi-
tions of keepina, efforts have been made in recent years to
use variouscompositions promotinq the growth and increasinq
the weight of animals.
Among the best know productivity raising agents used
in animal husbandrv are antibiotics, vitamins, hormones,
microelements, bacterial prepartions, etc. All of these
agents are growth promoters and, used in optlmum doses,
serve for the ultimate purpose of obtaining additional pro-
duce.
Best known are the following compostions:
1. Sex-gland hormones and their analogs:
(a) natural steroid estrongens, viz., estradiol and
.
; ~.
X 1
-- 1 .
its analoas of a differen~ chemicalcornposition (meastra-
nol, stilhens, hexestrole, etc.);
(b) synthetic phytoestrogens, the analogs of natural
phytoestrogens, e.q. of cumestrole t etc.:
(c) natural steroid androgen testosterone and its de-
rivatives, viz. dianabol, methylandrostendiol (r~D)~phena
bolin, etc.;
(d) synthetic analogs o steroid hestaaen progesterone;
(e) various combinations of the above arowth promot-
ers: estradioland progesterone (synovex ~or heifers), estra-
diol and testosterone (svnovex for gelders) or threnbolone
(reva]or,thorelor);
(f~ natural estroqen products of fungus microorganisms,
"mycoestroaens", gibberellic acid (ralaro), et al.;
2. Analogs of thyronines and preparations acting via
the thyroid ~land: casein iodine, elemental iodine, beta-
zine, various th~yreostatics depressing the function of the
thyroid gland.
3. Polypeptide and alhuminous hormones: insulin, etc.
~f the above aqents, synovexes have found widest appli-
cation; experiments with steroid estroqen mestranole yield
good results; trenbolone acetate has been recommended
for use in com~ination with estradiol (revalor, torelor)
for bull-calves and ~elders; progestagen and mycoestro~en
.
~i - 2
zeranole are advertizedq
The~e compounds increase weight gains by 5-20%, allow
to achieve a~ter 3-6 mon-ths of fattening an additi.onal maas
increase o~ 5-lO kg and more per one animal~ and a saving
o~ feed am~unting to 5-15%.
However, despite their high biological and economic
effectiveness, the application o~ the abovementioned sti-
mulators is hindered in view of toxicity which many o~
them posse~s; as well as the acc~nulation of the agent~
in the meat causing side reactions which alter the influ-
ence o~ the active matter on the metabolic and physiolo-
gical processe~
Besides, all o~ the said compositions are produced in
insu-~ficient quantities to meet the dernands o~ the live-
stock raising indu~try, some of them being hardly a~ail-
able~
Several compo~itions are introduced only by implanta-
tion which limit~ their application ln the modern live-
stock rai~ing industry.
Perchlora-tec of ~he fo~mula X(ClO~ rhere X is
NH4, Mg Ca ; n is the number equal to the valence of
X, are also kno~n as growth promoting and poultry, said
8alt3 being u~ed separately or in mixture with one ano-
ther/ or in an aqueou~ ~olution.
;~
, ~:
' ,
These s~bstances ensure a 10-25~ weight increase, are
practically non-toxic, cause no side effects, are comrnercial-
ly availahle and are produced on an industrial scale~
It is known, however, that chlorine acid salts are eY~-
plosion and fire hazardous when used separately and, parti-
cularly, in mixture with organic substances. Thus, dry am-
monium perchlorate is ra-ther sensitive to shock, fric-tion,
heating, and when it is combined wi-th organic substances~
the risk of ex~losion andinflamrnation is considerably in-
creased. Pure ma~nesium and calcium perchlorates are lessexplosion and fire hazardous as a result of their high hygro-
scopic quali-ties and the capacitv of forming crystal hy-
drates. Nevertheless, these salts are also explosion-ha-
zardous when the,v are combined in the dry state with orga-
nic substances.
An object of the present invention is to provide novel
compostion for intensified fattening of animals and birds,
which would be highly effective and safe in application.
Another ob~ect of th~ invention is to provide a pre-
'paration form for the active substance which would be con-
venient for practical use.
A further object of the invention is to provide a simple
and economical method for preparing the composition.
According to the invention, the composition intended
for promoting the growth and increasi,ng the weight of animals
and poultry contains as the active substance a perchlorate
having the formula X(ClOa), where X :i.s Nl14, an alkaline or
alkaline-earth metal; n is the nurnher~ equal to -th~ valence
of X, applied to a dispersed porous carrier which is inert
relati,ve to the said salt and harmless for internal use.
The content of the active substance in the said com-
position amounts to 5-50 wt% in terms of the C104 ion. The
z~
A.
upper concentration limit is determined hy the carrier capacity,
and reduction of the active substance concentration below 5
is not feasible as it results in unreasonably large doses
of thecomposition fed. The actlve substance concentra-tion may
exceed 50 wt%, but this is made possible by usinq highly
dispersed carriers. Application of hi~hly concentrated
compounds however, makes their co~bination with the feed less
convenient. The most effective concentration of the active
substance in terms of the C10~ ion is 15-33%.
As perchlorates there may be used N~4C104,NaC104,Mg(~104)2,
Ca(C104)2 or mixtures thereof, as well as any perchlorates con-
taining any other metal producing no adverse effect on the
animal's system.
The applicatlon of alkaline-earth metal salts is pre-
ferable, inasmuch as maanesium and calcium ions constitute the
usual componentsin the diet of the animals (e.g. they are
present in water in considerahly greater quantities), and
the said salts are less expolsion-hazardous than -the ammonium
salt, which makes them more suitable for industrial production
of the composition-
The carrying aqent mav be any mineral carrier, including
perlite, silica gel, diatomite, alumogel and other inert
dispersed materials harmless for internal use.
Sodium chloride and/or magnesium and calcium chlorides
may be additionally introduced into the mixture composition.
In such cases, both meneral and organic carriers may be used.
Wood sawdust, chopped hay, skraw, feed meal, etc. may be
used as such an organic carrier.
The preparation form of the composi-tionis a free-flowing
nonca]iing powder.
The proposed compositionwas yiven the code name "ROSTOM"
and hereinafter it will be referred to as such.
X _ 5 _
Accordinq to the inven-tion, the presentcoMposition is
obtained by treatincr the above mentioned porous carrier with
an a~ueous solution of a perchloric acid salt with a concen-
centration of 100 to 920 g/l in terms of C104.
The carrier mav be treated with the salt hy immersing the
former in the salt solution with subsequent exposure for 10-
60 minutes and separation of the impregnated carrier from the
solution. The carrier may also he treated b~ sprayiny the
salt solution over it.
To obtain ROSTOM containing sodium, magnesium or calcium
chlorides, the latter should be introduced into the impregnating
solute compostion in pure form, or by an exchanqe reaction
between sodium perchlorate and the chloride of the respective
salt.
ROSTOM ohtained on the basis of ammonium perchlorate
may be used in areas with a humid andcool climate. However,
in order to ensure the safe use of the comPositiOn, it is pre-
ferable to prepare it based on maqnesium or calcium salts.
But thesesalts should be also applied to a mineral carrier and
~0 may be safely used at a relative air humidity of 30%.
Introducing sodium and/or calcium and magnesium chlorides
into the make-up of the compound makes it yet greater fire and
explosion proof. In this case, the compostion obtained on -the
basis of M~ and Ca perchlorate salts is freely usable under
an~ eonditions, even with an organie earrier.
When RO5TOM is placed into water, the active substance
is cluickly and full~ washed out o~ the carr;er into the aqueous
medium.
It is recommended to use E~OSTOM in feed in mixtures -the
doses of the active substance ranginc~ from l to 3 mg per
1 k~ of the animal's weiyhtin 24 hours~ al-thouyh an increase of
the active substance up to 10 mg is also possible.
-- 6 --
~f
.~'.' ' '
,
The composltion is quickly absorbed by the animals's
system and is co~pletely excreted therefrom within 24-36 hours
practically without selectively accumulating in any or~an or
tissue. No adverse side e~fect has been registered and some
data indicate an improvement of the meat quality.
The application of ~OSTOM at the final stage of fattening
steps up feed assimilation which results in increased nitro~en
retention and makes for a more effective synthesis of the main
tissues of the system wlthout increasing the animal die-t.
The toxic action of ROSTOM was studied using different
animals: white mice, white rats and rabbits (2.5 - 3 kg) when
it was administered perorally, as well as when the active
substance in solution was administered intravenously and
subcutaneously. Toxicity was determined under acute, subacute
and chronic experimental conditi.ons. Table 1 shows the main
toxicometric data.
As is seen, acute toxicity depends on the method of ad-
ministering the active substance into the oraanism. The com-
position is least toxic when admisistered perorally. The
Table 1
Main toxicometrlc data
Lethal doses, mg of actlve substance /
Administered1 kg
___________________
mice rats rabbits mice rats rabbits
DSO LD84
________ _____________~_________~__________~___________________
Perorally 2~00 4500 750 3100 6200 900
Intravenously 493 800 100-150 625 1083 220
- Subcutaneously 950 1600 - 1425 3830 - -
ratin~ of the preparation by the accepted clas.sification allows
it to be classed as a practically non-poisonous chemical substance.
- 7 -
,
23L
The chronica(3mihistra~ion of thecomposition in doses of
50,10 and 1 mg/l kg of the animal's weight for 6-12 months
caused no apparent chan~es in the behaviour, general condition
and survivability of the animals.
It was established experimentally that -the lethal dose
is approximately 1000 times greater than the op-timum one.
1~7hen evaluating biolo~ically active substances proposed
as fattening stimulators for farm animals, great emphasis is
placed on the rates of assimilation, ~istribution and excretion
of the preparation from the organism. For studies ROSTOM's
active substance was used marked with radioactive chlorine.
The experiments were carried out using whike rats, males and
females wei~hing 150-180 g, and sheep.
T~hen administered perorally, the C104 ions are quickly
assimilated penetrating into all organs and tissues. The
maximum radioactive content in the blood of white rats was
detected after 1 hour following the administration. Then
the radioactivity level was gradually decreased and in 24-28
hours after administeriny the composition, traces of radioactivity
0 were found only in a few organs. The data represented in Table 2.
xperiments with rats indicated no cumulative effect when
the composition was administered repeatedly (during 30 days).
Thus, it was shown that the C104 ions do not accumulate
in the orqanism.
In experiments with sheep the maximum Cl content is
the blood was o~served in 2 hours after administeriny the com-
position. Then blood radioactiv;ty sharply droppe~, only
traces of it being detectable in 24 hours.
The excretion of the C104 ion from the organism is effected
mainly by kidne~s. This is also indicated by results of direct
radioactivity measurements of organs and tissues o~ sheep killed
at different periods after administering the composition.
~r - 8 -
,
~638~
Table 2
~istrlbution of C 6 in or~ans and ti.ssues of rats
after oral adminis~ration of a single portion of
the compound
Radioact.ivity, 1 10 micro-Curie/g.
of tissue
______--___________ ____________________________________________
in 60 minutes in 48 hours
______________________________________________ ___________~_
Blood 34.3 0
Thyroid cland 33.0 1.2
Liver 13.6 0
Kidney 26.0 0.3
Femur muscle 8.7 0
~Bone
It was found in experiments with sheep that, irrespective
of its content in the blood, the relative content of the C104
ion in the muscle tissue with respect to its content in the
blood remained constant and amounted to 5-7~. In 72 hours,
a practically complete excretion of the C104 ion from the organ-
ism occured.
Animals recei.vin~ ROSTOM are in the normal state. No
; ~ side, undersirable or remote effects have been observed.
Observation of the clinical condition of the experimental
~ animals did not indicate any considerable deviations from
:~ the:norm. Clinical and hemetalogical data indicated the normal
state of the animals.
When studying the biochemical bl.ood charateristics of
,
the experimental animals, normal protein, fat and carbohydrate
metabolisms were observed. The data are shown in Table 3.
ROSTOM raises the total content of nucleic acids in
_ g _
~1 .
.
- . ~
the blood, the liver and the longes-t muscle of the back of
the animals. The relative stahili.tv of the ~hsolute ~lood
seru~. albumin content, the liver histologic structure data
indicate that the compositions tested do not procluce any
adverse effect on the proteosynthetic liver function.
~ OSTOM has a favourable effect on the diges-tibilit~ of
the main nutrients of the feed in the animal system. Specially
conducted experiments sho~Jed that ROSTOM slows down the
passage of .~ood in the alimentar~ tract making possible a more
complete assimilation of the feed nutrients (particularly, of
protein and cellulose).. The addition of ROSTOM alters the
digestive processes in the rumen of ruminants.
Table 3
Biochemical characteristics of the blood of bull-calves
Experimental groups
Characteristics ----------------------------------------------
investiqated Group 1: Composition fed
Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5
10 mg/kg 2 mg/kg 1 mg/kg 3 my/kg
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ :
Serum protein, - :
g/~ 7.538.258.17 7.41 7.58
~esidual nitrogen .~.
mg % 35.942.8 41.5 38.5 43.6
~eneral lipids,
mg % 970 988 994 1012 958
Licitinejmg ~ 127 140 125 135 -3
Cholesterol/mg % 165 192 177 170 167
Sugar, mg ~ 58.353.8 60 58.5 58.2
Cholinesterase 181 229 194 171 207
Protein-related
lodine,mkg % 4.323.87 3.98 4.14 3.76
Under its influence the pH is lowered, the propionic acld con-
centration is increased, as well as that of the protein nitrogen,
~,~1 - 10 -
-
92~
and the level of formation of the volatile fatty acids.
A decrease of energy losses ls observed in -the animals
spent on accumulation of heat, -the effectiveness of feed is
increased which is shown in greater weiyht gains and lower feed
consumption per a unit of gained weight.
The data presented below charaterize -the effectiveness
of application of ROSTOM hased on ammonium perchlora-te (T~OSTOM
A) and magnesium perchlorate (ROSrr'OM M) for the fattening
of cattle. During the period of 2-4 months before slauyhter,
the animals were fed RO.STOM in addition to the main diet
(in mixture with concentrated feed, sweel and granulated
mixed food) in quantities 2.0-2.5 mg of the active substance
per 1 k~ of the animal weight. ROSTOM was withheld from the
diet 3-4 davs before slaughter. The data are shown in
Tables ~ and 5. In the control tests indicatea in the Tables
the animals were kept in the same conditions, with the same
diet as those in the test groups, but they did not receive the
composition.
Similar effects are produced by ROSTOM during the fatten-
ing of pigs, sheep, rahbits and broilers. The application of
ROSTOM in the fattening of sheep results in a greater wool
clip, and when it is ~iven to fur-bearing animals, their pelt
slzes lncrease.
Compared to the controls, the quality of meat obtained
; from animals receiving ROSTOM is not lower, some of the
data indicatin~ hi~her quality of bee (af~er application of
ROSTOM M).
In Table 6 are shown meat analysis results obtained after
the slaughter o~ castrated bull-calves of the Kazakh white-
head breed which received ROSTOM.
The data in Tahle 6 make possible a positive evaluation of
the qualify of meat obtained from animals which received ROSTOM.
- 11 -
ROSTO~ additionall~ inkroduced in-to the animal diet in
amounts of 2 to 25 mg/kg of the animal weight (in terrns of
the C104 content) did not affect the high qua1i-ty of the meat,
while growth promoters applie~ for sirnilar purposes previously
produced certain h~drophilous properties in the meat with the
correspondinglv lower white matter content.
The veterinary inspection of meat at ini-tial stages of
storage, obtained from animals of control and experlmental
groups indicated that its storage life is practicallv the
same. The chemical compostion of the fact (from various
deposition areas) did not show any considerable
Table 4~
Effective application of ROSTOM AX'
Group of No. of Duratlon l^Jeight Economy
animals experi- of experi- gain rela- of feed,
ment ment, days tive to con- %
trol, %
___________.____________________________________________________
1 2 3 4 S
Cows
Black-mottled breed
bull-calves 1 120 18 16 ~ -
" ~ 80 11.8 9.5
- " 3 91 19.8 17.1
" 4 59 15.2 7.1
~' 5 120 18.3
6 285Xx) 8 7.0
" 7 90 17.8 14.6
gelders 8 80 16.4 15.9
____ _ _
Brown Latvian breed
bull-calves 9 88 10~5 8.8
30" 10 94 13.9 3.4
__ _ ___ _. _
_____________
~ x) Preparation was used ~ith interruptions
~t - 12 -
z~
) Number of animals in each experirnent amounted to 300-
-500 head
__________________________________________________________._____
1 2 3 4 5
________________________________________________________________
Simmenthal breed
bull-claves 11 30 14.5 12.5
gelders 12 53 24.9 20.3
heifers 13 30 14.8 10.3
__________ _____________________________________________________
Xazakh white head
- breed _
qelders 14 180X) 17.8 10.7
~elders 15 90 17.3 16.1
" 16 90 21.5
Kholmo~or breed :
heifers 17 30 31.5 18.5
_______________ _________ _______________________________ ______Chicken broilers 18 28 8.6
-"- 19 40 13.2
Table 5
Effective application of ROSTOM M
, ,
Breed No. of Duration of ~eiaht ~ain Economy
of cat- experi- experiment, relative to of feed,
tle ment days control, % %
____________ _________________________________________________ _ .
Brown steppe
breed 1 31 25.8 21.0
___________
Simmenthal breed
30 head 2 30 16.8
39 head 3 30 10.9
32 head 4 30 28.5 21.5
. 30
_----_______________
Kazakh white head
breed
- 13 -
~7
`~
271 head 5 90 16.7 14.0
Brown steppe breed
512 head 6 90 33.1 19.6
Table 6
Meat analysis results
S a m p i e Group Content,_% Caloricity,
drv protein fat ash kcal/kg
matter
_____________________________________.__________________________
Longest muscle cont- 23.9720.98 1.99 1.00 1045
of the back rol
prepa- 24.5821.20 2.36 1.02 1088
ratlon
Average sample control34.6116.82 16.80 0.99 2252 -~
of carcass ration 35 7417.18 17.56 1.00 2337
-
discrepancy with the control sample. Experts tastina the
boiled meat and hroths did not detect any strange smells and
other~deviations.
Thus, according to results obtained both under laboratory
and lndustrial animal farming conditions, ROSTOM is seen to
intensify considerably animal fattening. -~
The low toxicity of the active substance combined with
safe~handling o~ the composition, its low cost, availability
and high~econOmiC effectiveness prove that i-t has a promising
future in animal husbandry.
Below are shown a few examples of obtaining ROSTOM using
perlite, silica c~el, diatomite, grass meal, wood sawdust with
a different make up o-f the impregnating solution containing
the active substance.
Fxample 1
One kilogram of perlite with a bulk weight of 100 kg/m3
X
:
,
-
2~
having a particle size of 0.15 to 1 mm is placed in a vessel
containing 2S liters of solution with the Mg(C104)~ concen-
tration of 735 g/l, held therein for 60 minutes with ~ixing,
separated from the solution bv f iltering under vacuum at room
temperature. The obtained composition contains 45~ of perchlor-
ate by weight in terms of the C104 ion.
xample 2
One kiloaram of perlite with a bulk weight of 100 kg/m3
havinq a particle size of 0.15 to 1 mm is placed in a vessel
containing 20 liters of solution with the Mg(C104)2 concen-
tration of 527 g/l, held for 30 minutes and separated from the
solution by filterinq under vacuum. The obtained composition
contains 25% of perchlorate by weight in terms of the C104 ion,
7.2~ of NaC1 corresponding to 0.29 parts by weight o NaC1
relative to the content of the C104 ion.
Example 3
One kilogram of perlite with a bulk weight of 100 kg/m3
havlng a particle size of O.15 to l mm is placed in a vessel
containing 25 liters of solution with a concentration of Mg
IC104)2 527 q/1, a concentration of NaC1 136 g/l and a concen-
tration of MgCl2 18 g/1, held for lS minut-es and separated from
the solution by filtering under vacuum. The obtained composition
contains 23 8 % by weiaht of perchlorate in terms of the Cl0~ ion,
6.6 ~ of NaCl, 0.9% of MgCl2 corresponding to 0.28 parts by
weiaht of NaCl and 0.038 parts by weight of MgC12 relative
to the content of the Cl04 ion.
Example 4
One kilogram of perlite with a bulk weight of 100 k~/m3
havinq a particle size of 0.15 to 1 mm is placed into a solu-
tion containinq 560 g/l of Ca(C10~)2, held for 10 minutes with
mixing and separated from the solution by filtering under
vacuum. The obtained composition contains 30 % by weight of
-- 15 --
~1
.
perchlorate in ter~s of the C104 ion.
Exam le 5
One kilogram o~ perlite with a bulk. weight of 100 kg/m3
is placed in a vessel containing 25 liters of solution with
concentration of the mixture o.f Ca(C104)2 and Mg(C104)2, with
a ratio of 1:1, held for 10 minutes with mixing and separated
from the solution. The obtained compound contains 32 ~ by
weight of per chlorate in terms o~ the C104 ion.
Examp e 6
One kilogram of dried silica gel having a particle size
of 1 to 2 mm is placed in a vessel containin~ 5 liters of
solution with the Ma(C10~)2 concentration of 336 g/1, NaCl
concentration of 168 g/l and MgC12 concentration of 9 g/l,
held with mixin~ for 30 minutes and separated by filtering under
vacuum. The obtained coTnposition contains 18 % by weight of
perchlorate in terms of the C104 ion, 10.1 % of NaCl, 0.54 of
MgC12, corresponding to 0.56 parts by weight of NaCl and 0.03
parts by weight of MgC12 relative to the C104 ion content.
Example 7
One kilogram of diatomite with the powder unit surface of
6.7 m /g is placed in a vessel, containing 25 liters of solution
with the M~(C104)2 concentration of 336 g/l, the NaCl concen-
tration of 168 g/l and the ~gC12 concentration of 9 g/l, held -~ -
with mixing for 30 minutes and separated by filtering. The
obtained co~position contains 31 % by weight of perchlorate in
terms of the C104 ion, 17.4% of ~aCl, 0.g3 % of MgC12
corresponding to 0.56 parts by weight of NaCl and 0.03 parts
by weight of MgC12 relative to the C104 ion content.
_ample 8
One kilogram of chopped hay (grass meal) is placed in a
vessel containing 25 liters of solution with the Mg(C10~)2
concentration of 336 g/l, NaCl concentration of 16~ g/l,
- 16 -
MgCl2 concentration of 9 ~/l, mixed ~or 15 minutes ~nd separated
by filtering. The obtained composi-tion contains 15~ by weight
of perchlorate in terms of the C10~ ion, 8.4 % of NaCl, 0.45 %
of MgCl2, corresponding to 0.56 parts by weight of NaCl and
0.03 parts by weight of MgCl2, relative to the C104 ion content.
Example 9
One kilogram of perlite with a bulk weight of 100 kg/m3
is placed in a vessel containing 20 liters of solution with the
NaCl04 concentration of 700 g/l, mixed for 15 minutes and
separated by filtering. The obtained composition contains
40 % by weight of perchlorate in terms of the C104 ion.
Fxample 10
One kilogram of silica gel having a particle size of
l to 2 mm is placed in a vessel containing 6 liters of a
M~(Cl04)2 solution with a concentration of 734 g/1, held with
mixing and separated by filtering. The obtained composition
contains 49.4 % by weight of perchlorate in terms of the
Cl04 ion.
Exam~le ll
-
~ne and a half liters of a ~g(Cl0~)2 solution with a
eoncentration of 735 y/1 is sprayed over l kg of diatomite
having a unit surface of 6.7 m2/g. The obtained composition
contains 30.5 % by weight of perchlorate in terms of the
Cl04 ion.
Examp1e 12
One and a half liters of solution eontaining 527 g/l oE
Mg(C104)2, 136 q/1 of NaC1 and 18 y/l of MgC12 is sprayed over
1 kg of wood sawdust. The obtained composition contains
22.2 % by weigh~ of perchlorate in terms of the Cl04 ion, 6.4
of NaCl, 0.85 of MgCl2, corresponding to 0.28 parts by weiyht
of NaCl and 0.038 parts by weight of MgCl, relative to the
Cl04 ion eontent.
~X
- 17 -
z~
~xam~le 13
-
One ~nd a half liters of solution containing 200 g/l of
M~(C10~)2, 150 g/l of NaCl and 20 a/l of MgC12 is sprayed over
1 kg o~ wood sawdust spread in a layer 2 to 3 cm thick. The
obtained composition contains 10.7 % by weiyht of perchlorate
in terms of the C104 ion, 9 % of NaCl,1.2 ~ of MgC12, corre-
sponding to 0.84 parts by weight of NaCl and 0.11 parts hy
weight of MgC12 relative to the C104 ion content.
Example 14
One and a half kilograms of solution containing 540 g/l
of Ca(C104)2 and 16 g/l or CaC12 is sprayed over 1 kg of perlite
having a bulk weight of 100 kg/m3. The obtained composition
contains 22.7 ~ by weight of perchlorate, in terms of the
-
C104 ion and 0.67 % by weight of CaC12, corresponding to 0.029
parts b~ weight of CaC12 relative to the content of the C104 ions.
The proposed compound ROSTOM was subjected to tests for
explosion proofness. It was tested in mixture with glucose
in a composition of 1:1. The concentraion of the active sub-
stance in ROSTOM corresponded to the miximum capacity of the
carrier in terms of the C104 ion, the amount of glucose being
5 times greater than its content in the control test for creating
the most unfavourable conditions. The data obtained in the
above tests are shown in Table 7.
~s is seen from Table 7 , the proposed composition has
low sensitivit~ to shock. The compositoin containing magnesium
or calcium perchlorate (ROSTOM M) is a]most completely explo
sion proof.
The composition containing a~nonium perchlorate (ROSTOM
A) displays different properties under the ac-tion of shock and
friction depending on the nature of the carrier used. ROSTOM
A obtained with silica gel is fr1ction insensitive and almost
insensitive to shock, while perlite used as the carrier
considerably lowers ROSTOM's A sensitivity to shock and
increased that to friction. Thus, the use of composition~
containing as the active substance perchlorates of alkaline-
earth metals is preferable, as it ensures in all cases explosion
and fire safety, while compositions containing additional
NaCl and ~qC12 are safe for handling even wi.th organic
carriers.
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