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Patent 1118997 Summary

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Claims and Abstract availability

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(12) Patent: (11) CA 1118997
(21) Application Number: 1118997
(54) English Title: ANIMAL TRAP AND TRAPPING METHOD
(54) French Title: PIEGE ET METHODE DE PIEGEAGE D'ANIMAUX
Status: Term Expired - Post Grant
Bibliographic Data
(51) International Patent Classification (IPC):
  • A01M 23/00 (2006.01)
(72) Inventors :
  • MARCOLINA, GENE A. (United States of America)
  • HOLL, GORDON D. (United States of America)
(73) Owners :
  • MARCOLINA, GENE A.
  • HOLL, GORDON D.
(71) Applicants :
  • MARCOLINA, GENE A.
  • HOLL, GORDON D.
(74) Agent: GOWLING WLG (CANADA) LLP
(74) Associate agent:
(45) Issued: 1982-03-02
(22) Filed Date: 1978-12-22
Availability of licence: N/A
Dedicated to the Public: N/A
(25) Language of filing: English

Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT): No

(30) Application Priority Data: None

Abstracts

English Abstract


Abstract of the Disclosure
A disposable mousetrap comprises an elongated plastic
housing having an air-tight swinging door biased toward its
closed condition by a rubber band, An articulated arm extends
from the door to the floor of the housing and thence to a
detent located near the rear of the interior of the housing.
A trigger for disengaging the arm from the detent is secured
to the arm at the end of the arm which is remote from the door.
This structure, and particularly the articulated arm, allows
all of the parts of the trap except for the rubber band to be
injection molded as a unit.


Claims

Note: Claims are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.


The embodiments of the invention in which an
exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as
follows:
1. A mousetrap comprising:
means providing an elongated housing having an
entrance opening at one of its ends;
means providing a door adapted to close the entrance
opening, said housing and said door forming a substantially
air-tight enclosure when said door is closed;
means for urging the door toward its closed condition;
triggerable means for normally holding said door in
its open condition, and triggerable to permit said door to
move in its closing direction under the influence of said
urging means;
animal-actuable means located within the elongated
housing for effecting triggering of said triggerable means when
actuated by the forward end of a mouse, the distance between
said animal-actuable means and the end of the housing opposite
the entrance opening constituting a minor portion of the
length of the housing; and
said animal-actuable means being located at a
distance from the entrance opening such that when a mouse is
in a position to actuate said animal-actuable means with its
forward end, a portion of its tail extends outwardly through
said entrance opening whereby, when the door is closed, the
tail is pinched between the door and an edge of the entrance
opening, causing the mouse to withdraw its tail entirely into
the enclosure and permitting the door to close substantially
completely.

2. A mousetrap according to claim 1 in which the
door is hinged at the top of the entrance opening, and in
which the edge of the entrance opening opposite the hinge is
rounded.
3. A mousetrap according to claim 1 in which said
door is hinged at the top of the entrance opening and in
which the edge of the door opposite the hinge is rounded.
4. A mousetrap according to claim 1 in which said
door is hinged at the top of the entrance opening and in
which the edge of the door opposite the hinge and the edge
of the entrance opening opposite the hinge are both rounded.
5. A method of trapping and killing a mouse
comprising the steps of:
providing an elongated enclosure having an
entrance opening and a door arranged to close the entrance
opening to provide a substantially air-tight enclosure;
setting an animal-actuable trigger to hold said door
in an opened condition said trigger being positioned, when set,
at a location within said enclosure such that the distance
between the trigger and the entrance opening is such that when
the mouse is in a position to actuate the trigger with its
forward end, a portion of its tail extends outwardly through
the entrance opening, and the distance between the trigger
and the end of the enclosure opposite the entrance opening
constitutes a minor portion of the length of the housing;
enticing the mouse to enter the enclosure through
the entrance opening and actuate the trigger; and
16

when the mouse actuates the trigger, urging said
door in the closing direction by resilient urging means while
the mouse's tail extends through the entrance opening, thereby
pinching the mouse's tail between the door and an edge of the
entrance opening and causing the mouse to withdraw its tail
entirely into the enclosure, thereby allowing the door to
close substantially completely;
whereby the mouse is killed by asphyxiation.
17

Description

Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.


This invention relates to animal traps, and
particularly to traps of the type which operate by imprisoning
the animal within an enclosure.
Traps of the imprisonment type are described in the
following U. S. patents: 3,177,608 dated April 13~ 1965;
3,823,504 dated July 16, 1974; 3,975,857 dated August 2~, 1976;
2,793,464 dated May 28, 1957; 1,454,998 dated May 15, 1923;
441,677 dated December 2, 1890; 443,975 dated December 30, 1890;
1,372,663 dated March 29, 1921; 3,733,735 dated May 22, 1973; and
3,426,470 dated February 11, 1969. While imprisonment-type traps
are known, as demonstrated by these and other patents, the most
- widely used trap for mice is still the familiar smiting trap
comprising a wooden base with a swinging striker consisting of
a spring-loaded wire rectangle.
Smiting traps, while effective, often produce repugnant
results. The user must handle the dead mouse, and is frequently
required to clean up mouse blood. Despite the drawbacks of
smiting traps, imprisoning traps have not been successful as an
alternative means of controlling mice. It can be surmised that
,' 20 the lack of success of imprisonment-type traps is due to several
factors. In most cases, the user is required to view or handle :~
the dead mouse. In most cases the trap does not kill the mouse,
and consequently, the user must carry out the killing as a ~`:
-~ separate step. I~prisonment traps are expensive and, to be
i practical, they m~st be cleaned and reused.
In accordance with the invention, a mousetrap which
is effective, het sufficiently inexpensive to be considered
., ,
disposable, is constructed as follows. The mousetrap comprises
an elongated housing of synthetic plastic, having an entrance
opening at one of its ends. A synthetic plastic swinging door
., ~
,,: . .: . ~ ;
. :. , ,

is in~egrally molded with the housing, and adapted to close
the entrance opening and thereby form, with the housing, a
substantially air-tight enclosure. Means, such as a rubber
band, are provided for urging the door toward its closed
condition. ~n elongated, synthetic plastic arm is integrally
molded with the housing and the door, is secured at one of its
ends to the door, and extends through the entrance opening into
the interior of the elongated housing. A detent is provided
within the housing and is preferably an integrally molded part
of the wall of the housing. The detent is engageable by means
carried at the end of the arm opposite the end which is secured
to the door. The means carried at the end of the arm is also
desirably molded integrally with the arm. When the arm engages
the detent, it prevents the door from closing. The trap also
comprises an animal-actuable trigger carried, and preferably
integrally molded, at the end of the arm opposite the end which ~;
is secured to the door, When actuated, the trigger disengages
the arm from the detent so that the door closes under the
in~luence of the rubber band or other urging means. The
~; 20 elongated arm is hinged both where it is secured to the door
and at an intermediate point, and extends from the door to the
~loor of the housing and thence to the detent when the trap is
set. The door is hinged to the housing adjacent the edge of
the entrance opening opposite the floor. The length of the
portion of the arm extending between the door and the
intermediate hinge point is less than the maximum distance
between the floor at the location of the entrance opening and
the point at which the arm is secured to the door. The length
of the portion of the arm between the intermediate hinge point
and its opposite end is at most equal to the maximum distance

B997
between ~he floor of the housing at the entrance opening and
said intermediate point. Thus, the arm can be molded while
outside the housing and thereafter caused ~o enter the housing
through its entrance opening. Consequently, it is possible to
produce the entire trap, except for the door-urging means, in
a single injection molding operation. The trap, therefore,
can be produced in quantity at costs which make disposability
feasible.
Another important feature of the invention resides
in the provision of a ridge integrally formed in a side wall
of the housing and extending as a continuous ridge from a
point immediately adjacent the detent to another point between
the entrance opening and the detent. The detent-engagement
means at the end of the arm is resiliently urged in a vertical
direction against the ridge so that the ridge acts, to guide
the detent-engaging means into engagement with the detent as
the trap is being set. Preferably, the point at which the
ridge begins is spaced vertically from the detent, and, for
~ the best results, the ridge extends from the detent substantially
; 20 to the upper edge of the side wall.
Still another signlficant feature of the trap resides
in the provision of an animal-actuable trigger in the form of
a bar, integrally molded as part of the arm, and extending
from the arm across the interior of the housing oi the trap.
In a preferred form of the trap, the arm extends along one
. .
side wall, and the detent is located on the oppos:ite side wall
~- and is engageable by the end of the bar remote frc)m the arm.
Preferably, a downwardly extending foot is provid/d at the end
of the arm oppssite the end connected to the door This foot
rides on the floor of the trap as the trap is beirLg set to
:

~ 9'7
maintain the trigger means at a constant height. The preferred
form of the ~rap is also provided with an upwardly extending
projection at the end of the arm adapted to contact the top
wall of the housing, thereby limiting upward movement of the
arm under the influence of the means urging the door toward the
closed condition while the trap is in the set condition.
The trap is also preferably provided with first
latching means fixed to the interior of the housing, and second
latching means fixed to the arm, the first and second latching
means having surfaces adapted to engage each other upon
movement of the detent-engaging means away from the detent ~`
toward the entrance opening. The latching means limit reverse
movement of the elongated arm when the trap is in ~he set
condition.
A reduction in the size of the trap and in its air
content is also realized by constructing the trap so that when
the :Eorward end of the mouse is in contact with the trigger, a
portion of the tail extends outwardly through the entrance
opening. ~ith this construction, when the door closes, the
mouse's tail is pinched, and the mouse withdraws its tail into
the enclosure allowing the door to close completely. Rounding
the edges of the door and the entrance opening makes it easier
for the mouse to withdraw its tail into the trap, and
consequently permits the use of a stronger rubber band or other
means for urging the door in the closing direction. The stronger
rubber band, in turn, provides greater security against escape.
The feature of the invention by which the size of the
trap is reduced may be characterized as a method of trapping
and killing a mouse comprising the steps of: providing an
elonga~ed enclosure having an entrance opening and a door

~ 7
arranged to clos2 the entrance opening to provide a
substantially air-tight enclosure; setting an animal-actuable
trigger to hold said door in an opened condition, said trigger
being positioned, when set, at a location within said enclosure
such tha~ the distance between the tri~ger and the entrance
opening is such that when the mouse is in a posi~ion to actuate
the trigger with its forward end, a portion of its tail extends
outwardly through the entrance opening, and the distance
between the trigger and the end of the enclosure opposite the
entrance opening constitutes a minor portion of the length of
the housing; enticing the mouse to enter the enclosure through
the entrance opening and actuate the trigger; and, when the
mouse actuates the trigger, urging said door in the closing
direction by resilient urging means while the mouse's tail
extends thr~ugh the entrance opening, thereby pinching the
mouse's tail between the door and an e!dge of the entrance
opening and causing the mouse to withdraw its tail entirely
into the enclosure, thereby allowing the door to c].ose
substantially completel~; whereby the mouse is killed by
~0 asphyxiation.
While the invention has particular utility as a
disposable mousetrap, it embodies many other features having
more general applicability to animal ~raps, all of which featur~s
and their objects will be apparent from the following detailed
descri~tion.
Figure 1 is a vertical section taken longitudinally
through a first embodiment of the trap, illustrating the trap,
as removed from the injection molding die;
Figure 2 is a ver~ical section showing the same trap
in its set condition;

Figure 3 is a vertical section taken on the plane
3-3 of Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a perspective view showing t:he outside
of the trap in its set condition;
Figure 5 is a partially cut-away perspec:tive view
of the trap in its set condition, illustrating the trigger;
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section showing a second
embodiment of the trap in its set condition; and
Figure 7 is a partially cut-away perspec:tive view
of the trap of Figure 6.
The first version of the trap, as shown in Figure 1,
is made entirely from a synthetic plastic of a type which can
be injection molded, and which lends itself to the formation
of flexible hinges by providing narrowed interconnections
between parts. Polyethylene and polypropylene are examples
of a wide variety of suitable materials. ~`
The trap comprises an elongated housing 10 having an
entrance opening 12 at its left-hand end. Preferably, the
housing is slightly tapered from opening 12 toward the opposite
end wall 14. The transverse cross se~tion (as il]'ustrated in
Figure 3) is preferably of a generally rectangular configuration,
though it is possible to use various other cross-~;ectional
shapes.
The wall of housing 10 can be quite thin, and
thicknesses of 0.05 inch are more than adequate. The portions ~`
of the housing near the entrance opening, however, are desirably
somewhat thicker than the remaining portions of the housing
walls, as they must support the rubber band under tension, and
must also support the door hinge at some distance away from the
top of the entrance opening, and also provide a seal against

the entry of air when the door is closed, A pedestal 16 is
formed on the underside of the trap housing near the entrance
opening for the purpose of maintaining the entrance opening
in a raised condition to preven~ the edge of the door from
coming into contact with the floor. The trap is supported
between pedestal 16 and corner 18 at the far end of the trap.
A swinging door 20, which is integrally molded with
housing 10, is hinged to the main body of the housing at 22, a
narrow hinge section being formed in the injection molding
process. Desirably, hinge 22 is formed along the uppPr edge
o~ a flange 24 formed along the top of the housing above the
entrance opening. Flange 24 facilitates molding of the trap,
and also pro~ides a relatively wide border around entrance
opening 12 to facilitate sealing of the entrance opening by the
door to prevent the entry of air into the trap. Door 20 is
adapted to swing down and close the entrance opening to form,
with the housing a substantially air-tight enclosure.
An elongated, synthetic plastic arm, generally
indicated at 26, is in~egrally molded with the door, so that
2~ the hou~ing, the arm and the door are all integrally molded
together. The arm is secured to the upper side of t~e door, as
viewed in Figure 1, by means o~ a hinge 28 which is produced
by the formation of a narrowed portion in the molding process.
The arm consists of a pair of sections 30 and 32 connected
together by another narrowed hinge portion 34 to form an
articulated arm. As will be apparent from an inspection of
Figures 1 and 2, the articulation of the elongated arm 26 permits
the housing, door and arm to be integrally molded while the
arm is outside of the housing, substantially in the position
illustrated in Figure 1. Thereafter, the arm can be folded so

~ 9~7
that it enters the housing through entrance opening 12 and
assumes the position illustrated in Figure 2. Because of the
articulation of the arm, it can be molded integrally wi~h the
door and housing, yet it can be sufficiently long to extend
substantially to the far end of the narrow housing opposite
entrance opening 12 when the door is closed. This allows
the housing to be relatively long and narrow, as shown, and
positions the trigger mechanism well toward the rear of the
housing, all of which provides for a minimum air content
within the enclosure when the door is closed.
In the preferred form of the invention as shown in
Figure 1, in order to allow arm 26 to enter the interior of
the housing, the length of arm section 30 between hinge 28 and
intermediate hinge portion 34 should be less than the maximum
distance between the ~loor of the housing at the bottom edge
36 of the entrance opening and the point at which section 30
is secured to door 20 by hinge 28. The length of section 32 of
the arm is then made sufficiently long to allow the arm to
extend nearl~ to th~ rear o~ the interior o~ the trap when the
20 door is closed. i
Hinges 28 and 34 are preferably sufficiently stiff
to cause the arm as a whole to assume the condition shown in
Figure 1. Furthermore, the hinges should be sufficiently
stiff to impart a resiliency to the arm, especially at hinge
34 so that, following an attempt to straighten out the arm,
arm section 32 would rotate counterclockwise about hinge 34
under the influence of the hinge's resilience, and return
to the condition shown.
End 38 of arm section 32 is pro~ided with a transverse
bar 40 (Flgure 3) which is integrally molded with the arm, and

~ 37
which extends substantially across the entire width of the
interior of the trap when the arm section 32 is positioned
adjacent the right-hand vertical wall, as shown in Figure 3.
Arm section 32 is also provided with an upwardly
extending projection 41, which, as shown in Figure 3, contacts
the top wall of the housing in order to limit the upward movement
of arm end 38.
The left-hand wall 42 of the housing is pro~ided with
an integrally molded detent comprising surface 44 (Figure 1).
Surface 44 lies in a vertical plane, though the plane is
preferably oblique with respect to the longitudinal axis of the
trap. Detent surface 44 is engageable by the end 46 of bar 40,
as shown in Figure 3, the engagement of the end of the bar with
the detent sur~ace acting to prevent door 20 from closing. As
will be seen, bar 40 acts as a trigger, and when it: is moved
by an animal, end 46 of the bar becomec; disengaged from detent
surface 44 so that the door closes under the influence of the
rubber band, or other device used to urge the door in the
closing direction. Preferably, the trap is constructed so that,
when set, the distance between trigger bar 40 and end wall 14
is a minor portion of the overall length of the housing measured
between wall 14 and opening 12. When the door is closed, the
trlgger bar is positioned adjacent end wall 14, a small space
being provided, if desired, so that pieces of bait do not
interfere with the proper closing of the trap.
When the trap is being set, end 46 of arm 40 is guided
toward detent surface 44 by a downwardly facing ridge 48 which
is integrally formed in side wall 42. This ridge is continuous
from point 50, immediately adjacent detent surface 44, to a
point 52 which is both vertically spaced above detent surface 44
:

g~
and located between entrance opening 12 and the detent surface,
so that it guides the end of bar 40 do~wardly into engagement
with detent surface 44. The resiliency of the arm imparted to
it by hinge 34 causes end 46 of bar 40 to engage and follow
ridge 48, or at least a part thereof close to detent 44, as
the trap is being set. Another substantially horizontal ridge
54 extends from the lower part of detent surface 44 to the
end wall ].4 o~ the trap. Ridge 54, however, is only present
for convenience in molding.
Figure 2 shows the trap in its set position. A
spur 56 projecting downwardly from section 32 of the arm near
hinge 34 cooperates with an upwardly extending projection 58
on the floor of the housing. Spur 56 and projection 58, acting
together, constitute a latch which limits reverse movement of
the arm when the trap is in the set position. This latch
prevents the animal from pulling backwardly on trigger bar 40
to such an extent that arm section 32 would extend through
opening 12 and thereby disable the trap.
The configuration of door 20 is best seen in Figure 4.
The hinge 22 and flange 24 are slightly longer than the width
of the housing, and extend beyond the wall of the housing on
both sides. The major part of door 20 is as wide as hinge 22.
However, the end of door 20 remote from hinge 22 is narrowed
in order to form steps 60 and 62 for retaining rubber band 64.
The rubber band is a continuous loop, and ex~ends as shown over
the top of the door, underneath the parts of flange 24 which
extend beyond the side walls of the housing, and around shoulder
66 which is formed in the roof of the housing.
Operation of the trap can be bes~ appreciated from
the partially cut-away perspective view in Figure 5. As the
-10-

~ ~8 9~
mouse enters the trap and approaches bait 68 at the far end
of the trap, it encounters trigger bar 40. A slight downward
push on the trigger bar disengages end 46 of the trigger bar
from detent surface 44, allowing the door to close under the
influence of rubber band 64. As the trap is substantially
air-tight, the mouse is quickly asphyxiated.
An alternate version of the trap is shown in Figures
6 and 7. This version does not require a resilient hinge at
the intermedlate portion of the arm. This trap comprises a
housing 70, having a door 72 and an articulated arm 74. It
is generally similar to the trap of Figures 1-5 except in the
configuration of the end of the articulated arm, and in the
configuration of the detent. -
The end of arm section 76 is provided with a
downwardly extending foot 78 which rides on the floor 80 of
the housing, as the trap is being set, and maintains trigger
bar 82 at a constant height. An upwardly extending projection
83 is provided to contact the top wall of the housing and
thereby limit upward movement of the end of arm section 76
under the influence of the rubber band while the t:rap is in
the set condition.
A detent surface is provided at 84, and although a
sloping guide ridge corresponding to ridge 48 (Figure 1~ can
be provided, it is possible to eliminate ~he guide ridge. The
detent surface 84 is formed at the end of a rail ,36 which
extends to the rear wall 88 of the housing for convenience in
molding.
Disengagement o end 90 of trigger bar 82 from detent
surface 84 takes place by virtue of a twisting ac~ion of arm 74
as the trigger bar is moved either upwardly or downwardly. When
-11-

~ 9 7
the disengagement takes place, door 72 closes in the same
manner as door 20 in Figure 2.
An importan~ aspect of the invention resides in the
discovery that a mouse has a tendency to pull its tail inside
the trap when it is pinched between the bottom of the door
and the edge of the entrance opening. This reaction occurs
almost invariably within an interval ranging from a few
seconds to several minutes following closure of the door. In
order to facilitate this action, the edge of the door is
rounded at 92 (Figure 2), and the bottom edge 36 of entrance
opening 12 is also rounded. The trap is constructed so that
trigger bar 40, when set, is located at a distance from
entrance opening 12 such that when a mouse is in a position to
actuate the trigger bar with its mouth, foreleg or another
part of its forward end, a portion of its tail extends outwardly -
through the entrance opening so that when the door is closed,
the tail is pinched. Since the mouse will draw its tail
inwardly when it is pinched, the internal volume of the trap
can be made quite small, with the consequent reduction of the
volume o~ air contained within the trap and reduction o~ the
time required to kill the mouse.
In the operation of either of the above-described
embodimants o~ the trap, bait, such as a piece of cheese or
any other substance which will cause a mouse to enter the
enclosure, is placed inside the trap at the far end opposi~e
the entrance opening, or alternatively impaled or rubbed on
the trigger bar. The trap is then set by folding the articulated
arm and causing the end carrying the trigger bar to enter the
trap through the entrance opening. A rubber band is positioned
on the trap in the manner illustrated in Figure 4, and the door
-12-

is slowly permitted to swing in the closing direction until
the end of the trigger bar engages the detent surface on the
wall of the ~rap. The trap then remains in its set condition
until the trigger bar is actuated by a mouse trying to reach
the bait.
As soon as the trigger bar is actuated, the door
closes. When, or shortly after, the door closes on the mouse's
tail, the mouse reacts by pulling its tail completely inside
the trap between the rounded surfaces at the lower edge of
the door and the lower edge o~ the entrance opening. This
allows the door to close substantially completely, cutting off
the supply of air. It has been found that successful traps
in accordance with the invention can be made in such sizes
that they contain a ~ery small volume of air, and therefore
asphyxiate a mouse within a matter of a few minutes.
The user, finding a trap in its tripped condition,
simply disposes of the entire trap, containing the mouse, by
throwing it in the trash or burning it. While the trap can
be made from transparent or opaque plastic, it is desira~ly
semi-opaque, so that the user can easily ascertain the
presence of a dead mouse without being revolted.
The trap in accordance with the invention can be
made in appropriate sizes to trap other rodents such as rats,
and other larger animals. In some cases, it is desirable not
to kill the animal, in which event, one or more air openings
can be provided in the roof or side walls of the trap to
allow the animal to breathe.
Other modifica~ions can be made to the trap as shown.
For example, the detent surface could be formed on the side
wall adjacent which the articulated arm is positioned rather than
-13-

~ 97
on the opposite side wall. In addition, in some cases various
arm configurations other than those specifically disclosed
can be used. For example, in some cases, especially in the
case of larger traps which could be reused, the arm and the
door could be molded separately and secured to each other by a
projection on the arm and a hole in the door adapted to snap
together. Numerous o~her modifications can be made without
departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the
following claims.
-14-

Representative Drawing

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Administrative Status

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Event History

Description Date
Inactive: Expired (old Act Patent) latest possible expiry date 1999-03-02
Grant by Issuance 1982-03-02

Abandonment History

There is no abandonment history.

Owners on Record

Note: Records showing the ownership history in alphabetical order.

Current Owners on Record
MARCOLINA, GENE A.
HOLL, GORDON D.
Past Owners on Record
GENE A. MARCOLINA
GORDON D. HOLL
Past Owners that do not appear in the "Owners on Record" listing will appear in other documentation within the application.
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Document
Description 
Date
(yyyy-mm-dd) 
Number of pages   Size of Image (KB) 
Claims 1994-02-02 3 88
Abstract 1994-02-02 1 19
Cover Page 1994-02-02 1 14
Drawings 1994-02-02 3 74
Descriptions 1994-02-02 14 571