Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
he invention relates to automatic manufacture of
building blocks having at least one heat-insulating insert of
foamed plastics material, such as polyst~rene, embedded in the
concrete in mating contact therewith by casting concrete grout
around the heat-insulating insert.
Building blocks having heat-insulating inserts of
foamed plastics material have frequently been produced heretofore
by introducing the inserts subsequently by hand into hollow spaces
provided in formed concrete blocks. This is not only very costly
; 10 in labour, but also technically completely inadequate, because the
inserts fall out easily when the blocks are handled and because
moisture forms around the insulating inserts in the gaps that are
produced and very substantially reduces the insulating effect.
The invention provides a mould for making building blocks
having at least one heat-insulating insert of foamed plastic, for
example polystyrene, embedded in the concrete in mating contact.
; The mould is adapted for production of the blocks fully automatically ~`
by casting concrete grout around the heat-insulating insert, as a
result of which not only is economic manufacture possible, but also
the insulating effect and a secure hold of the insert in the
building block is ensured because of the ahsence of gaps.
According to the invention, there is provided a mould
for manufacturing concrete building blocks which are provided with
at least one insulating insert and at least one cavity, the mould ~;
comprising a box, the bottom surface o~ which is open and the top
surface of which is covered by a cover plate having apertures,
prismatic element or elements projecting downwardly from the cover-
plate into the interior of the mould for the purpose of formin~ the
or each cavity, one or more bridge portions extending between
apertures in the said plate, a piece of insulating material extend-
ing the width and depth of the mould located on the or each bridge
portion and being covered by the bridge portion, and being held on
the bridge portion by holding means.
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A preferred embodiment of the invention will now
; be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the
accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are elevations of a machine for use
with the mold of the present invention, these figures showing
the machine in three different working positions;
Fig. 4 is a plan view of a magazine and a feed truck
for insulating inserts in the machine of Figs. 1, 2 and 3;
Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are respectively a plan view, a side
view in the direction of the arrow VI in Fig. 5 and a section on
the line VII-VII in Fig. 5 of a mould used in the machine of Figs.
1 to 4;
Fig. 8 is a plan view of an insulating insert, and
Fig. 9 shows a finished block with an insulating
insert incorporated by casting.
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DET.~ILED ~ESCRIPTION OF T~IE PREFE~RED EMBODIMENT
Figs. 1 to 4 show a machine for manufacturing batches of
four concrete blocks with insulating inserts in accord~ce with
the present invention. The machine has a frame 2 movable on the
floor or ground 1, a block making or produc~ion mould 3 which can
be raised and lowered by means of a hydraulic unit 4, a pressure
ram 5, which can likewise be raised and lowered by means of a
hydraulic unit 6, a hopper-shaped bin 8 with a closure 9 for the
concrete grout, and a truck 10 movable along a track 10~ for ~;
supplying the concrete grout to the production mould 3. A
vibrator 7 is attached to t~production mould 3.
This apparatus permits simultaneous production of four
concrete blocks 11 with an insulating insert 12, a block of this
kind being shown on a larger scale in Fig.9. Of course, the repres-
entations according to Figs. 8 and 9 show only one of many alter-
nati~-eforms of such insulating inserts and insulating blocks. What
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; is important is only that the synthetic-foam insulating insert 12
is incorporated in the concrete of the block by casting and is
stuck undetachably therein through mating contact and friction and
that between the insulating insert and the concrete of the block
20 there are no gaps of any kind. ~ -
Features of the machine serve to introduce the insulating
inserts 12 automatically into the production mould 3 will now be
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A holder 17 is mounted on the frame 2 by means of brackets ~-
25 16 and contains a magazine 18 in accordance with Fig.4. On a per-
pendicular rear wall 19 of this magazine there are mounted four
pairs of perpendicular side walls 20 disposed normal to the rear
wall. The shafts formed in this way are each defined at the
bottom by a tongue 21 projecting from the rear wall and in each
shaft there is room for four insulating inserts 12 which are
inserted manually from above.
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So that the insulating inserts may be in the correct position,
guide bars 22 (shown in Fig.4) are provided on both sides in the
upper part of the walls 20, the guide bars engaging in grooves in
the insulating i~lserts and ensuring perpendicular lowering thereof.
The side walls 20 do not extend downwardly as far as the tongues 21,
but leave a space free in between so as to allow the action of an
~ arrangement for gripping and withdrawing the insulating inserts 12.
truck 25 serves to withdraw the four lowest insulating
inserts 12 at any given time from the magazine 18, the truck
running by means of a chassis with four wheels 26 on two laterally
mounted rails 27, which lie parallel in the direction of travel of
the production frame 2 and are arranged inwardly of the wheels 2'
:~ of the production frame 2. A platform 28 is attached to the i:
chassis of the truck 25 so that it can be raised and lowered thereon
: 15~ by being mounted by means of links 29 on the axles of the wheels 26.
: Mounted on the top of the platform 28 and projecting
upwardly therefrom are pairs of bars 30 extend.ing parallel to the
direction of travel, one bar of each pair bearing a flat steel -.
' spring 31, the distance of which from the other bar of the pair is :- ~"J`
a little smaller than the width of the insulating insert 12 to be
gripped.
A swing arm 33 acts on the platform 28 on both sides via
.` links 32 and is mounted by means of a pivot 34 on the holder 17 and
`;i can be actuated by a hydraulic cylinder 35, whereby the truck 25 :~
. 25 can be shifted from the outer end position shown in Figs.l and 3
into the inner end position shown in ~ig.2, in which its right-
hand pair of wheels strikes against a stop 36 on the rails 27, as
a result of whi~h the links 29 adjust themselves in a steeper
position and the pla'cform 28 is raised a little, as shown in Fig.2.
30 The mould 3 serving to make the blocks is shown in Figs.5,6
and 7. It con-sists o a box which i.s open at the.bottom and has a
cover plate 40 a~d the shape and.siæe n_cessary for .Eour block-s.
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to be made and arranged side by side. The cover plate 40 has
filling openings 41 and 41' for each block which correspond to
the two concrete cross-sections of the blocks separated from one
another by an insulating insert 12, eight cores 42 being inserted
in each of the openings 41, these cores not extending as far as
the bottom and corresponding to as many cavities in the finished
block which are closed on five sides.
Above the spaces in the mould which accommodate the -~
insulating inserts 12 bridge portions 43 are fixed, extending
between openings 41. As shown in Figure 7 these bridge portions
are thicker than and are therefore strengthened as compared with
the remainder of the cover plate 40. The portions 43 carry spikes
44 to enable the insulating inserts to be temporarily retained.
As can be seen from Figures 5 and 8, the shape of the bridge
portion 43 conforms to the piece of insulating material 12, so
that the bridge portion 43 covers the insulating material. Side
pieces or edges 45 project from the cover plate 40 and define
laterally a track 46 forming an extension of the track 10' for
the concrete-grout truck 10. Finally, openings 47 are provided
20 in the side wall for inserting the insulating inserts 12, the ~ ;
openings being defined by lateral edges 48 extending obliquely
towards one another in order to facilitate insertion.
The machine operates in the following manner~
The production process begins in the position according
to Fig. 1, in which the four pairs of bars 30 of the feed truck 25
engage the four lowest insulating inserts 12 resting on the
tongues 21. The truck 25 is thereupon moved to the right by means
of the hydraulic cylinder 35 into the position according to Fig~ 2, `
the four inserts being carried alongO When the front wheels of
the truck 25 strike against the stops 36, the platform 28 is
raised into the position shown in Fig. 2 by the thrust of the levers
33, the spikes 44 penetrating into the insulating inserts 12. This
is followed by lowering of the platform 28 by swinging the levers
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33 in the opposite direction, the inserts remaining on the
spikes, and the moving out of the feed truck 25 into the initial
position shown in Figs. 1 and 3 takes place. The production
mould 3 is thereupon lowered together with the inserts 12 on to
the floor 1 (Fig. 3) and the truck 10,
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which has meanwhile been Eilled with concrete grout, is run on
to the cover plate 40, following which the hollow spaces of the
mould are filled.
Pressing in of the concrete by the lowered pressure ram
5 and compacting by the vibrator 7 follow, and then after waitina
for the concrete to set, the mould is drawn off upwards
hydraulically from the finished blocks. The finished building
blocks are left resting on the floor, whereas the frame 2 is
moved on its wheels 2' to the next working station. Instead of
the blocks being made on the floor, they may also be made on
a removable support, the frame 2 being then designed to he
stationa~y.
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