Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
1 ~ 69626
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M~TIIOD OF FINISHII~G TH~ ~X~E~IOR w~LL O~ A
PREFABRICATED BUILDING AND TRIM T~EREFOR
This is a divisional of Canadian application Serial
No. 365,081 filed November 20th, 1980.
Background of the Invention
Field of the Invention
This invention relates to building construction
and, more particularly, to the construction of buildings
from prefabricated wall components in which such components
are manufactured in a factory and then assembled on the
site. Still more specifically, this invention relates to
trim for the siding for such buildings.
Prior Art
.
Aluminum siding is generally designed for applica-
tion to existing buildings. Accordingly, various problems
are encountered when it is desired to prefabricate a wall
component with aluminum siding thereon in a factory for
later assembly at the job site into a completed buildina.
For example, in applying aluminum siding to an existing
building, the conventional procedure is to provide a starter
strip at the bottom of the wall~extending horizontally and
then to mount the first corner post. Generally, the hori-
zontal siding panels are then applied with their ends being
~- 25 slid into vertical grooves in the previously mounted corner
posts. The corner posts serve, among other things, to help
insure level and plumb mounting of the horizontal siding
panels as well as preventing rain from penetrating behind
the aluminum siding. One disadvantage of this system h~s
been the fact that it is very easy to nick or dent the corner
post during subseauent application of the several siding
panels. In order to overcome this probiem, two-piece corner
posts have been provided in which a base member is secured
to the building, the siding is then applied, and a finishina
cap is snapped into place in engagement with the base member
.
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after application o~ the horizontal siding panels. Ilowever,
in both instances either the corner post or the base must be
mounted before the horizontal siding panels are mounted.
~ccordingly, the conventional trim system for aluminum sided
buildingC is not adaptable to use where prefabricated
wall components are assembled in the factory with aluminum
siding thereon. The difficulty resides in the fact that
.hese wall components are constructed to meet at a corner
and also on long walls to meet intermediate of corners with
the joint between adjacent panels being so designed and
constructed as to allow for variation in the foundation size.
It is practically impossible to pour a concrete foundation
or erect a concrete block foundation that is absolutely per-
,ect in size. The finished foundation may vary from a frac-
~ion of an inch ,o as much as two or three inches plus orminus, usually plus, the intended size. That is, to say,
that the foundation tends to be somewhat larger than speci-
fied. To accommodate this variation, the factory wall com-
ponents are constructed such that their vertical edges,
whether meeting at a corner or intermediate the corners, form
a joint that may be opened up to fit the foundation. This
necessitates that the siding applied in the factory also be
dimensioned to accommodate variation. To this end, factory
constructed preassembled wall components are finished by
mounting a J-shaped channel member vertically adjacent to
but spaced from the extreme edge of the wall component and
nailing the same to the underlying sheathing. Such a ver-
tically mo~nted J-shaped channel member is provided at both
ends of the horizontal aluminum siding panels with the edges
inserted within the arms of the J. When, subsequently, these
walls are erected, there may or may not be filler blocks
provided between adjacent vertical edges of the adjacent
panels, depending upon how well the panels fit the founda-
tion. The filler blocks are cut to the requisite size on the
site and the panels secured in place. This leaves a vertical
.
1~6~5~B
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sap in the siding at the corners and on the longer walls of
the buildin~ at a location intermediate the corners. For
ex~mple, the conventional length for such prefabricated wall
components is about twenty feet. If one of the exterior
walls, as is frequently the case, exceeds this dimension,
~hen a second wall component must be erected in the same -
plane which will result in a vertical gap between the J-
channels of the siding. Whether at the corner or intermedi-
ate the corners, it is not possible to predict the width of
this gap. Accordingly, building constructors who adopt the
factory built prefabricated wall components are reguired to
rip cut wooden strips on the site which fit the corners
properly or the distance between the J-channels. These must
then be painted and,at a subsequent time, the builder must
return to apply a second coat in order to maintain adequate
esthetic appearance. There are a nlImber of drawbacks to
this system n~ Ihe least of which is the fact that the corner
post is of a different material as is the "zipper" at any
joint intermediate the cornexs of the building. Moreover,
the corner posts and zippers must be cut on site, painted
and repainted, adding to the cost of the building. Existing
aluminum corner posts, even those with a base and snap-on
cap are not suitable for use with such preassembled wall com-
ponents in which the siding is applied in the factory. Fur-
ther, there is no avzilable zipper provided by aluminumsiding manufacturers.
Brief Summary of the Invention
The present invention i5 directed to the provision
of trim strips and, in particular, a corner post and a zipper
whicn may be applied in the field at the job site to wall
components constructed in a factory and already having J-
channels and aluminum siding panels applied thereto in the
factory.
The corner piece and zipper of this invention each
1 ~ ~9~2 G
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include a first support member which is secured on the job
site to the underlying adjacent wa~l components by any con-
ventional means, such as nailing, gluing, and the like. As
~entioned, these components will already have the aluminum
siding applied thereto in the factory with J-channels at
the ends of the horizontal panels. In the case of the
zipper, its support member extends over the joint between the
zdjacent vertical e~ges of two adjacent wall components. It
is dimensioned to span this joint even when there is a con-
siderable space between the wall components and also to fitbetween the J-channel on one wall component and the J-channel
on the other component, even when the two wall components are
tightly fitted together. In the case of the corner post, the
support member is positioned at the adjacent vertical edges
of adjacent wall components as with the zipper. However, with
the corner post, the support member extends around the corner
of tne building. Again, the support member is so dimensioned
as to fit between the adjacent J-channels, even when the joint
is tight, while at the same time permitting the joint between
the vertical edges of adjacent panels to be opened signifi-
czntly. Both support members can readily be applied, even
though the wall components already have the aluminum siding
applied thereto in the factory. After application of the
support member to the wall components, the corner cap and the
~' 25 zipper may be simply snapped into place engaging their respec-
tive support members. Both the corner cap and the zipper and
their respective support members are dimensioned to allow for
variation of as much as two inches or more at each joint
between the edges of adjacent wall components.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective, horizontal cross-sectional
view of one corner and portions of two sides of a building
being assembled from factory built wall components. No
roof struct~lre is shown;
., . . . , . - ; ~
1 ~ ~962~
PIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-section taken along
.the line 2-2 of FIG. 1 at the joint between two adjacent wall
components, and showing in cross-section the zipper of this
invention:
FIG. 3 is like FIG. 2, but showing the adjacent
edges of the adjacent wall components spaced apart;
FIG. 4 is a horizontal cross-section taken along
,he li.ne 4-4 of FIG. 1 through the corner of a building
assembled with factory built wall components, and showing the
corner post of this invention;
FIG. 5 is a view like ~IG. 4, but showing the adja-
cent edges of the two adjacent wall components spaced apart;
and
FIGS. 6 and 7 are like FIG. 5, but showing the two
adjacent wall components spaced apart in different manners.
Detailed Descri~tion of the Invention
As shown in FIG. 1, a building 10 is being con-
structed on a foundation 12 previously provided. Only a
portion of the building is shown, including all or portions
of three wall components 14, 16 and 18. No roof is shown in ~.
FIG. 1. The adjacent edges of the components 14 and 16 fit
together at a joint 20 intermediate the corners of the
building 10 with the components 14 and 16 being positioned
'25 in generally the same vertical plane. The components 16 and
18 join at a corner 30 as shown. The details of the joint 20
are best shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
As shown in FIG. 2, the wall components 14 and 16
include a wood frame of which a portion of only one stud 22
for each is shown. Nailed, glued, or otherwise secured to
the frame, including the stud 22, is a sheathing material 24
of a~ny conventional type, preferably plywood. Secured by
nailing or otherwise to the sheathing 24 are J-shaped channel
members 26 which extend vertically of the wall components 14,
16, 18. Also secured to the sheathing in conventional manner
''
.
1 1 6962G
- h -
are a plurality of horizontally extending aluminum siding
p~nels 28. As is conventional, the vertical cross-section
through a panel 28 shows it to be generally wedge-shaped with
its wider portion lowermost and with its thin upper longitu-
dinal edge underlying the lower longitudinal edge of the nextpanel 28 thereabove. The ends 32 of the siding panels 28
extend into the channel of the J-shaped channel member 26 as
shown. The J-shaped channel members 26 serve to prevent rain
and snow from intruding beyond the siding and into the joint
or otherwise into the wall. Any rain driven laterally will
be caught by the J-shaped channel members and guided down-
wardly to the ground.
The elements of the wall components 14 and 16 just
aescribed, i.e. frame members 22, sheathing 24, J-shaped
cr.annel members 26 and siding material 28 are all applied and
assembled in the factory, both in present commercial practice
and when using the present invention.
On the site, a crane lifts the wall components 14
and 16 into position as workmen secure the lower plate of the
frame 22 to the floor by nailing (not shown). At the joint 20,
the stud 22 of the wall component 14 is secured to the stud 22
for the wall component 16 by any con~entional means, such 2S
nailing, bolting or the like, with nailing 34 being shown.
As shown in FIG. 2, the studs 22 of the frames for the re-
, 25 spective wall components 14 and 16 abut each other as do the
sheathing elements 24. The siding 28 and the J-channels 26
are, however, set back from the abutting edges 36 of the
sheathing material. This leaves a space between the adjacent
J-channels 26. In this space is secured a support member
generally indicated at 40 and having generally a C-shape in
cross-section. The base 42 of the "C" is planar and is nailed
to the sheathing 24 as shown and extends across the abutting
edges 36 of the sheathing members~ 24. At its opposite verti-
cal longitudinal edges, the base~ ~ has outwardly extending
walls 44, each of whiçh terminates in an inwardly bent flange
. ~ . . . . . .
~ .
1~696~
~6. This support member 40 is preferably sheet metal shaped
to the cross-section shown in FIG. 2 and extending the full
length of the joint 20 from top to bottom. However, it is
~ossible to use a plurality of shorter members shaped with a
cross-section of the support member 40 and to space them along
the joint 20 at selected distances over the vertical extent -
thereof. This latter arrangement is not preferred because of
,he difficulties attendant upon insuring vertical alignment
of each of the separate elements. While sheet metal and, ``
more particularly, aluminum of a thickness .024" is preferred
for support member 40, it will be appreciated that extruded
, ; plastic could be used as well.
Overlying the entire joint 20, including the space
betw2en the J-channels 26 and the adjacent ends of the siding
material 28, is a finish strip or zipper 50. On each of its
~ertical lateral edges 52, the zipper 50 is bent back upon
itself as at 54 providing a double thickness for strength at
the lateral edses. Each of the segments 54 has its inner
edge bent from the plane of the face of zipper 50 as at 56.
These flanges 56 terminate in turned over lips 58 which engage
the edges of the flanges 46 of the support member 40 as shown.
In order to snappingly engage the zipper 50 with the
support member 40, it is only necessary to align the two
- members generally with the lips 58 on the zipper 50 bearing
! 25 against the outer surfaces of the flanges 46. Then, by apply-
ing a pressure in the direction indicated by the arrow 60,
the flanges 46 and the flanges 56 are flexed sufficiently
to permit the lips 58 to pass by the edges of the flanges 46
and assume the position shown in FIG. 2. The ~ipper trim
member 50 is, preferably, of sheet aluminum .0l9" in thickness
although extruded plastic could also be used.
FIG. 3 shows the same construction as in FIG. 2,
with the single exception that in FIG. 3 the facing edges 36
of the sheathing elements 24 on the panels 14 and 16 do not
abut. Similarly, the facing surfaces 62 on the studs 22 do
1 ~ 6962~
not abut in FIG. 3 as they do in FIG. 2. ~ecause of the
dimensions of the wall components 14 and 16, it has been neces-
sary to space the wall components 14 and 16 some distance ap~rt
as shown in FIG. 3. Preferably, this distance is taken up by
a wood or other filler member 70 secured in place by nailing,
sluing or the like, with the use of nails 34 being shown.
~his filler member 70 may extend throughout the full vertical
extent of the frame studs 22, which arrangement is preferred,
or a plurality of fillers 72 of shorter length may be spaced
vertic211y between the facing surfaces 62 of the studs 22.
In FIG. 3, the support member 40 is secured by
nailing to the sheathing element 24 of the wall component 14,
just as in FIG. 2; however, because of the space between the
~all components 14 and 16, it has not been possible to nail
ihe support member 40 to the sheathing element 24 for the
left-hand wall component 16. Nailing only to the wall com-
ponent 14 is generally sufficient; however, it is preferred
to also nail the support member 40 to the intermediate filler
piece 70 as shown. The support member 40 and the zipper
finishing strip 50 are identical in both FIGS. 2 and 3, and
the zipper 50 is applied in the same manner by pressing in
the direction of the arrow 60 after first making an initial
rough alignment, 211 as described above.
It will be appreciated that the amount of space
that can be accommodated in the joint 20 between the wall
components 14 and 16 depends upon the combined widths of the
members 54 on the zipper 50. That is, the sum of dimension A
plus dimension B less the combined length of legs 27 on the
adjacent channels 26 determines the maximum spacing that can
be tolerated between facing surfaces 62 and still cover the
legs 27 of the J-channels. As shown in FIG. 3, all or nearly
all of the space has been allocated to the left side of the
support member ~0 but it will be appreciated that the support
member 40 could have just as well been centered between the
J-channels 26. Indeed, any spacing between the facing sur-
1 1 ~9626
'aces 62 in excess of dimcnsion ~ will require some shiftingof the support 40 toward the center with the ma~imum spacing
requiring full centering of support 40. In practice, the
parts are dimensioned to accommodate a space between the
adjacent surfaces 62 of the studs 22 of from 0-2" with
approximate1y 1" being available on each side. As shown in
~IG. 3, the parts are positioned so that the left-hand
J-cnannel 26 is just barely covered by the zipper trim 50.
If the J-channel 26 is the same color as the siding 28 which
will normally be the case, it is possible to accommodate an
even greater spacing between the facing surfaces 62 of the
studs 22, even thou~h some of the J-channel 26 may be ex-
posed on one or both sides of the zipper 50. Such minimum
exposure of the J-channel 26 is not esthetically distracting
wAen the J-channel i5 the same color as the siding 28.
A corner joint 30 is shown in FIG. 4 where the edses
80, 82, 84 of wall component 16 meet with and abut surfaces
80, 82, 84 respectively on the wall component 18. Each of the
wall components 16 and 18 is finished on its outer surface by
siding material 28, the edges of which are received in J-
channels 26 as above described. Between the J-channels 26 and
extending around the corner is a corner support member 90
having generally a ~I-shape in cross-section. The support
member 90 includes two segments 86 and 88 at right angles to
?5 each other and positioned with the corner between the sesments
86 and 88 on the corner of the building. Nails 92 extend
through the segments 86, 88 and secure the support member 90
to a stud member 94. At their outer ends, the segments 86,
88 are bent outwardly to form webs 96, 98 respectively. The
webs 96, 98 are further bent outwardly and parallel to the
face of the wall components 16 and 18 to provide flanges 106,
108 respectively. The corner trim member 100 is bent at a
right angle to provide two legs 102, 104, each of which is .n
turn bent back upon itself at 110, 112 respectively. This
provides a space between the legs 102, 104 and their terminal
I ~ 69~
-- 10 --
edges 110, 112, which space receivcs the outwardly extending
flanges 106, 108 respectively of the support member 90. In
order to en~age the corner trim 100 on its support member 90,
it is only necessary to engage one of its edges about one of
the flanges 106, 108. For example, the corner trim 100 ma~
be manipulated so that the flange 110 and the leg 102 embrace _
tne flange 106 as shown. There is enough flexibility in the
support member 90 and, in particular, in the webs 96, 98 to
then permit the corner trim 100 to be moved to the right (as
viewed in FIG. 4) so that the flange 112 and leg 104 may
embrace the flange 108 as shown. During this manipulation,
the legs 102, 104 may be spread apart somewhat to further aid
in snapping the same into position.
As indicated, the support member 90 and the corner
.rim 100 are both preferably of sheet aluminum with the sup-
port member 90 being .024" thick and the corner trim 100being .019" thick.
There is shown in FIG. 5 the manner in which the
novel corner post trim of this invention adjusts for a gap
between the wall components 16 and 18. In FIG. 5, the sur-
faces 80 and 84 on wall component 16 are spaced from surfaces
80, 84 on the wall component 18.` The facing surfaces 82 on
the wall components 16 and 18 are shown as abutting over a
portion of their width but not over their entire width as in
FIG. 4. ~ooden filler members 120, 122 are, preferably,
provided in the space between the facing surfaces 80, 84
of the wall components 16 and 18, which filler members 120,
122 may be nailed in place of glued. As will be apparent
from the figure, the J-shaped channel member 26 on the wall
component 18, shown to the left in FIG. 5, is now spaced
from the web 96 of the support member 90 due to the fact that
the wall components 16 and 18 do not fit tightly together.
Nevertheless, the J-shaped channel member 26 is still hidden
by the leg 102 and the in-turned flan~e 110 of the corner
trim 100. As will be apparent, the amount of space between
the edges of the wall components 16 and lB, which may be
accommodated by the corner post trim 90, 100, will depend
u~on how far the leg 102 extends from web 96 along and
parallel to the front face of the wall component 18. In
actual use, the leg 102 is made long enough to accommodate a
space between the facing surfaces 80 of the wall components
16 and 18 of from 0 to about 3". The leg 104 is madc- of the
same length as the leg 102 for several reasons. Esthetically,
the corner trim 100 is more attractive if the legs 102 and 104
are of the same length, but also this avoids having a left-
and a right-hand side to the corner trim 100 so that the
, corner trim 100 can be reversed with the leg 102 where the
leg 104 is shown in FIG. 5 and vice versa. More~ver, as with
.he zipper of FIGS. 1 and 2, the J-shaped channel member 26
may be of the same color as the siding 28, in which event,
even if it is partially exposed bevond the end of leg 102,
it will not be esthetically displeasing. Accordingly, an
additional increment of adjustment is possible.
FIG. 6 is a showing similar to FIG. 5. In FIG. S
the wall component 16 fully reached the corner of the founda-
tion while wall component 18 did not fully reach wall com-
ponent 16, thus requiring filler blocks 120 and 122. In
FIG. 6, on the other hand, wall component 16 does not quite
. reach the corner of the foundation while wall component 18
(~ 25 does fully reach wall component 16, as it did in FIG. 4.
The result is that surface 82 on wall component 16 is spaced
from surface 82 on wall component 18. Surfaces 80 and 84 on
wall component 16 do abut surfaces 80 and 84 on wall component
18 but only along a portion of their length. Further, a
filler block 124 is required in order to make wall component
16 fully reach the corner of the foundation. The filler
block 124 is added to wall component 16 to fill out the
corner and, thus, permit application of the corner support
member 90 and corner cap 100 in the manner shown in the draw-
ing. The failure of wall component 16 to meet the corner of
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1 1 6962~
the foundation does result in a space 126, in part defined
by the facin~ surfaces 82 on the wall components 16 and 18.
This space 126 is not detrimental and need not be filled,
although it may be filled if desired.
It will be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6 that the corner
trim construction, including the support member 90 and
corner c2p 100, can be used regardless of whether it is
~all com?onent 16 or wall component 18 that is short.
FIG. 7 shows that the corner post of the invention,
incl~ding the support member 90 and corner cap 100, is
equally useful when both wall components 16 and 18 are short.
f As shown in FIG. 7, the fact that wall component 18 does not
quite reach wall component 16 necessitates the insertion of
iller blocks 120, 122, just as in FIG. 5. In addition,
however, wall component 16 is short of the corner and, assuch, it requires a filler block 128 similar to but differ-
ently dimensioned than the filler block 124 of FIG. 6. It
will be seen, therefore, that the corner post of this inven-
tion is equally useful when both wall components 16 and 18
are ~hort. In the condition shown in FIG. 7, a space 130
analogous to space 12~ in FIG. 6 remains which may be filled
with a filler block, if desired, .hough such is not necessary.
It should be noted that in FIG. 1 an internal rin-
. ish 11 is shown. This may be any suitable dry wall construc-
! 25 tion, such as plasterboard or the like. Normally:, this in-
ternal surface 11 is not applied until after erection of the
walls since the prefabricated wall components i4, 16 and 18
include electric wiring and boxes which must be inspected by
the local authorities. As such, the interior surface 11 is
not applied in the factory but, rather, is applied on the
job site after inspection of the wiring by a local inspector.
The interior surface 11 is not shown in the other figures
other than FIG. l merely for the draftsman's convenience.
Similarly, the internal wiring and insulation normally present
between the sheathing 24 and the internal finish 11 is not
shown.
