Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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The present invention relates to a fungicidal composition or
agriculture and horticulture comprising at least one adjuvants and, as an
effective component, in effec~ive amounts, N-(l-n-butoxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl)
salicylamide
OH
CONHCHCC13 and one member selected from the
OC4Hg(n)
~-~ 1 3 7~567
N02
group consisting of ~1) pentachloronitrobenzene
Cl~ Cl Cl
and (2) tetrachloroisophthalonitrile ~ C
This composition is useful to control soil borne plant
diseases such as clubroot disease of Cruciferae crops, black
scurf of potatoes and damping-off of cucumber and tomato
seedlings.
N-~l-n-butoxy-2,2,2-trichloroethyl) salicylamide
~hereinafter referred to as "compound A"), one of the effec-
tive components of the present invention is a known compound
described in the specification of USP 4,200,632. This
compound is highly effective for controlling soil borne plant
diseases, particularly clubroot disease of Cruciferae crops.
However, when the compound is used at a low concentration, a
sufficient fungicidal effect cannot always be obtained on
plant diseases caused by Rhizoctonia sp. and the like.
Pentachloronitrobenzene thereinafter referred to as
"PCNB") is now available on the market as a fungicide against
clubroat disease of Cruciferae crops and black scurf of
potatoes. Though the compound is effective against the
fungi o Plasmodiophora gp. and Rhizoctonia g~, there is a
problem of the residual toxicity since it is used in a
large amount.
Tetrachloroisophthalonitrile thereinafter referred to as
.
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"TPN") is now available on the market as a fungicide for controll-
ing clubroot disease of Cruciferae crops and damping-off of
cucumber and tomato seedlings. However, the sufficient controll-
ing effect cannot be ob~ained in some cases.
After intensive investigations made for the purpose of
developing a fungicide for surely controlling various soil borne
plant diseases, the inventors have found that a mixture of
compound A with PCNB or TPN shows a synergistic effect without giv-
ing any phytotoxicity on crops which i9 unexpected from the
effect of the respective components. The present invention has
been completed on the basis of this finding.
The weight ratio of compound A to PCNB is generally in the
range of 1:5 to 5:1, preferably 1:1 to 5:1.
The weight ratio of compound A to TPN is generally in the
range of 1:10 to 10:1, preferably 1:1 to 5:1.
The composition of the present invention may be uset as
it is or in the form of a mixture with an agricultural adjuvant
which improves the effect or which stabilizes the composition
tepenting on the purpose of the use. The composition may be
used in the form of, for example, a dustl microgranules, granules,
wettable powder or emulsion prepared by a method generally
employed in the production of pesticites.
In the practical application, these various types of
formulation may be used as they are or after dilution with water
into a suitable concentration.
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As the agricultural adjuvants herein used, there may be
mentioned a carrier (diluent) as well as spreaders, emulsifiers,
wetting agents, dispersing agents, binders and disinte~rators
etc.
As the liquid carriers, there may be mentioned aromatic
hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, alcohols such as
methanol, butanol and glycol, ketones such as acetone, amides
such as dimethylformamide, sulfoxides such as dimethylsulfoxide,
methylnaphthalene, cyclohexane, animal and vegetable oils, fatty
acids ant fatty acid esters, etc.
As the solid carriers, there may be mentioned clay, kaolin,
talc, diatomaceous earth, silica, calcium carbonate, montmorillonite,
bentonite, feldspar, quartz alumina and sawdust.
As the emulsifiers or dispersing agents, surfactants are
generally used. They include anionic surfactants, cationic
surfactants, nonionic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants such
as sodium salts of higher alcohol sulfate, stearyltrimethylammonium
chloride, polyoxyethylenealkylphenylethers and laurylbetaine, etc.
These formulations may be used either alone or in the form
of a mixture with herbicides, insecticides, plant growth regulators,
acaricides, germicides, soil disinfectants, soil modifying agents
or nematocides. Purther, they may be applied to the soil or locus
thereof in the form of a mixture with a fertilizer or another
agricultural and horticultural disinfectant.
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When they are used in the above described forms, the
concentrations of the compounds used as the effective components
in the formulations are varied depending on the forms of the
formulations and the agricultural adjuvants used. The
concentration is, however, generally in the range of 2~95 wt. %.
And preferable content can be given differently for respec-
tive types of formulation. For example, in the case of dust,
the content of effective components is 2 to 20 %, that of
adjuvants being 80 to 98 %; in emulsion, the content of effec-
tive components is 5 to 40 %, that of adjuvants being 60 to 95 %;
in flowable~suspension concentrates, the content of effective
components is S to 40 %, that of adjuvants being 60 to 95 %,
while in wettable powder, the content of effective components
is 20 to 80 %, that of adjuvants being 20 to 80 % and in
granules and microgranules, the content of the effective components
is 2 to 10 %, that of adjuvants being 90 to 98 %.
Then, detailed formulation examples of the present invention
will be given below. The kinds of the adjuvants and the mixing
ratios should not be limited to the ranges given in the examples
but may extend over the ranges.
In the following examples, parts are given by weight.
Pormulation Example 1 Dust
7 Parts of compound A, 3 parts of PCNB, 40 parts of talc
and 50 parts of clay were mixed together and pulveri~ed to
obtain a dust.
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Formulation Example 2 Dust
6 Parts of compound A, 4 parts of TPN, 40 parts of talc
and 50 parts of clay were mixed together and pulverized to
obtain a dust.
Formulation Example 3 Wettable powder
50 Parts of compound A and 30 parts of PCNB were mixed
with lS parts of kaolin, 3 parts of sodium salts of higher
alcohol sulfate and 2 parts of sodium polyacrylate and the
mixture was finely pulveri7ed to obtain a wettable powder.
Formulation Example 4 Wettable powder
40 Parts of compound A and 30 parts of TPN were mixed
with 25 parts of kaolin, 3 parts of sodium salts of higher
alcohol sulfate and 2 parts of sodium polyacrylate and the
mixture was ~inely pulverized to obtain a wettable powder.
Pormulation Example S Granules
3 Parts of previously finely pulverized compound A and
2 parts of previously finely pulverized PCNB were mixed with
93 parts of clay and 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol. 15 Parts
of water were added to moisten the mixture homogeneously.
Then, the mixture was extrusion-molded into granules by means
o a granulator. Ater dressing the granules in a dressing
machine, granules having a diameter of 0.6-1 mm were obtained.
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Formulation Example 6 Granules
3 Parts of previously finely pulverized compound A and
2 parts of previously finely pulverized TPN were mixed with
93 parts of clay and 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol. 15 Parts
of water were added to moisten the mixture homogeneously.
Then, the mixture was extrusion-molded into granules by means
of a granulating machine. After dressing the granules in a
dressing machine, granules having a diameter of 0.6-1 mm were
obtained.
Formulation Example 7 Microgranules
4 Parts of previously finely pulverized compound A and
4 parts of previously finely pulverized PCNB were homogeneously
mixed with 11 parts of clay and 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol to
obtain a concentrated powder mixture of the active ingredients.
Separately, 80 parts of a non-absorbent coarse mineral powder
of 74 to 105 micron size were placed in a proper mixer and
then 20 parts of water were added thereto under rotation to
moisten the former. The above powder mixture
wa~ added thereto to coat the latter with the former.
The product was dried to obtain microgranules.
Formulation Example 8 Microgranules
5 Parts of previously finely pulverized compound A and
5 parts of previously finely pulverized TPN were homogeneously
mixed with 11 parts of clay and 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol to
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obtain a concentrated powder mixture of the active ingredients.
Separately, 78 parts of a non-absorbent coarse mineral powder
of 74 to 105 micron size were placed in a proper mixer and then
20 parts of water were added thereto under rotation to moisten
the former. The above powder mixture
was added thereto to coat the latter with the former. The
product was dried to obtain microgranules.
xperimental Example 1 Control test for clubroot of Chinese
cabbage (caused by Plasmodiophora sp.)
Soil infested with Plasmodiophora brassicae was filled
in biscuit pots having a diameter of 15 cm. Then, 10 % dust
containing the compounds of the present invention as prepared
in the same manner as in Formulation Example 1 was added thereto
in a predetermined amount and uniformly mixed with the soil.
15 Seets of Chinese cabbage ~variety: Taibyo 60-nichi) per pot
were sowed. Four weeks thereafter, the seedlings of Chinese
cabbage were grubbed out and the conditions thereof were
examined.
The test results aTe shown in Table 1 in terms of a control
value which is determined as follows:
Control value =
Percentage of healthy Percentage of healthy
seedlings in treated plots seedlings in untreated plots 100
x
Percentage of healthy seedlings in treated plots
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Percentage of healthy seedling =
Number of healthy seedlings
x 100
Number of total seedlings checked
Table 1
_ Amount of
Compounds . effective Control . .
tested - component value Phytotoxlclty
(g/pot) __
Compound A 1.0 75 nil
Reference
Compound A 0.5 42 nil
,
PCNB 1.0 54 nil
Reference
- _ PCNB 0.5 20 nil
Compound A 0.5 + 0.5 92 nil
Present + 0.25~0.25 63 nil
invention PCNB 1.0 ~0.25 98 nil
. _ 0.5 + 0.25 80 nil
Experimental Example 2 Control test for clubroot of cabbage
(caused by Plas_odiophora sp.) __
Soil infested with Plasmodiophora brassicae was filled in
biscuit pots having a diameter of 15 cm. Then, 10 % dust
containing the compounds of the present invention prepared in
the same manner as in Formulation Example 2 was added thereto
:
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in a predetermined amount and uniformly mixed with the soil.
lS seeds of cabbage (variety: Kinshu) were sowed per pot.
Six weeks thereafter, the seedlings of cabbage were grubbed
out and the conditions thereof were examined.
The test results are shown ~n Table 2 in terms of a control
value which was determined in the same manner as in Experimental
Example 1.
Table 2
. Amount of
Compoundseffective ControlPhytotoxicity
tested component value
. ~g/pot)
Compound A 1.0 75 nil
Reference
Compound A O.S 42 nil
TPN 1.0 S0 nil
Reference
TPN O.S 18 nil
Compound AO.S + O.S 88 nil
Present + 0.25 + 0.25 60 nil
invention TPN 1 + 0.25 96 nil
O.S + 0.25 74 nil
Experimental Example 3 Control test for damping-off of cucumber
tcaused by Rhizoctonia sp.)
Field soil was filled in pots having a diameter of 12 cm
and then S g of infested soil in which Rhizoctonia solani had
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been cultured was uniformly inoculated on the soil surface in
each pot. The dust of the composition of the present invention
prepared in the same manner as in Formulation Example 1 was
added thereto in a predetermined amount and uniformly mixed
- with the soil. Then, 10 seeds of cucumber ~variety: Oyashima)
we,re sowed in each pot. They were allowed to grow in a green-
house. Ten days after the sowing, the conditions were examined
to determine the percentage of healthy seedlings.
Percentage of healthy seedlings =
Number of healthy seedlings in each treated plot
x 100
Number of germination in untreated and
uninoculated plot
The test results are shown in Table 3 in terms of a control
value which was determined in the same manner as in Experimental
Example 1.
Table 3
_
Amount of
Compound component Control Phytotoxicity
, (g/pot)
. .._ .. ~ ._ _
Reference Compound A0.04 60 nil
Compound A0.02 35 nil
.. ._ ._
PCNB 0.04 78 nil
Reference
PCNB 0.02 52 nil
. ._ . . _ . ._ ._
0.02+ 0.02 94 nil
Present Compound A
invention PCNB 0.01+ 0.01 74 nil
0.02+0.01 88 nil
_ , . _ ,_
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Experimental Example 4 Control test for damping-off of
watermelon ~caused by Rhizoctonia sp.)
Field soil was filled in pots having a diameter of 12 cm
and then 5 g of infest~d soil in which Rhizoctonia solani had
been cultured was uniformly inoculated on the soil surface in
each pot. The dust of the composition of the present invention
prepared in the same manner as in Formulation Example 2 was
added thereto in a predetermined amount and uniformly mixed
with the soil. Then, lO seeds of watermelon Cvariety; Otome~
were sowed in each pot. They were allowed to grow in a green-
house. Fifteen ta~s after the sowing, the conditions were
examined to determine the percentage of healthy seedlings.
The percentage of seetlings were determined in the same
manner as in Experimental Example 3.
The result~ are shown in Table 4 in terms of a
control value which was determined in the same manner
a~ in Experimental Example 1.
Table 4
. . . .. _
Amount of
effective Control . .
Compound Phytotoxlclty
component value
~g/pot)
Compound A 0.04 60 nil
Reference
Compound A 0.02 35 nil
Reference TPN 0.04 52 nil
TPN 0.02 30 nil
_
0.02l 0.02 84 nil
PresentCompound A 0.01~ 0.01 65 nil
invention TPN
_ 0.02~ 0.0l 75 nil
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