Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
DESC~IPTION
"WASTE WATER CONTAINER"
The present invention relates to a was-te water
container having at least one inlet, an outlet, and back
water cut-o~f means. Such a container may for example
be a bathroom drain, a ce~lar drain, a soil draln or a
clean-out pipe.
Such a container is usually formed by a box
type or tubular drainage container into which waste
water or sewage is introduced from the top or the side
and then passes on to the sewer system via the drain pipe
after negotiating a back water cut-off and, if required,
a water trap. The back water cut-off closes the way in
the case of a surge of back water coming up from the sewer
system. In -that case, no further waste water can drain
from the container so that if the waste water builds up
upstream of the con-tainer, parts of the building are
flooded. With such a drain, the drain pipe has a minimum
gradient of 3.
In congest:ed areas where many buildings are
connected to the public sewer system and where subsequent
2~ buildings may also ~e connected thereto, t:he sewer systerr
becomes overloaded in the case of a heavy incidence of
waste water and a heavy incidence of rain water so that
the waste water no longer flows from the buildings but
; ~
accumulates. This is above all the case because~ with
the minimum gradient of the drain pipes of 3, the
pressure of the waste water is too low in relation to the
counter pressure in the sewer system. This is the reason
why in such congested areas, was-te water lifting plants
should be used. In this plant, a pump is installed
downstream of the waste water container which pushes the
waste water upwards in a riser frc~m whence it is led into
the sewer system with a higher pressure via a pronounced
gradient. This necessitates considerable buildin~ costs
in connecting -the house drainage system to the public
sewer system and, moreover, a considerable expenditure
in terms of energy for the pump since the pump must always
become operative when there is any incidence of back water
in the household because the waste water cannot drain
automatically even under normal operating conditions. This
is a waste of energy,bearing in mind that an overloadin~
of the sewer system would only occur extremely r~rely.
From DE-AS 10 57 ~4, there is known an appliance
for the discharge of waste water systems with back water
safeguards ~lose desi~n takes account of the facL that a
back wash from the sewer system occurs only e~tremely
rarely and that in the time free from any incidence of
such bac]c water the normal draining of the waste waters
is achieved withou-t requirin~ a waste water pump for this
purpose. In -this appliance, provision is made for a
speci.al storage container to which the incident waste
water is led in the case of the normal draining under
gravity via a channel and reach the drain pipe a-t its end
through which it lows under the normal. gradient as far as
the sewer system. I~, on the other hand, any back water
does occur to cause closure of the back water cut-off,
this waste water can no longer drai.n through the drain
channel but ~-loods i.t and is collected in a lower part o~
the containe~ and is drawn off via a separate suction line
by a waste water pump which is connected on its outlet side
via a separate pressure pipe with the sewer system. As soon
as the lower part of the container has been discharged,
the pump is turned off again. With this solution one does,
admittedly, obtain a noticeable saving in energy since
the waste water pump is only operated when there actually
is back water to contend with. On the other hand, the
building cost of this special device is relatively high.
Moreover, waste water containers w~ich are already in
operation cannot be adapted to such a device but this
device can only be exchanged for a new conventional
container as a whole. Moreover, two separate pipe lines
must be carried to the sewer system and -thus considerable
earth works are required. If equipment o~ this kind,
which has once been placed into operation, is no longer
required the waste water pump with the add.itional pipe
line cannot be taken out but must remain in the ground
33
as an unused part of the e~uipment. Finally, -there is the dis-
advantage that the equipment consists of many expensive individual
components and which must be assembled in a complicated way. In
the case of cleaning or repairs, access into the interior of the
container or to the back water cut-offs is difficult.
The invention is based on the problem of finding a waste
water container which can be produced simply and ine~pensively and
by means oE which the technical regulations regarding waste water,
in particular in congested areas, can be met considerably more
simply and more favourably as far as costs are concerned than has
been the case so far. It is desirable that a conventional waste
water container which may be used for waste water systems without
lifting plants may be adapted with various inserts to different
requirements, should be capable, by means of simple and inexpensive
measures, of such modification that it obviates expensive water
lifting plant and may also be subsequently adapted to changing
conditions.
Thus, in accordance with one broad aspect of the invention,
there is provided a drain fitting comprising:
a vessel formed with a laterally open outlet, at least
one inlet, and an internal seat at said outlet,
a pump in said vessel and having
a pump housing secured to said seat and having a pump
intake and a pump output extending into said outlet above said
intake, said pump housing being substantially closed except
at said output and intake, whereby said pump housing acts as a
gas trap, said pump housing being formed with a pump passage and
~4-
a bypass passage, said passages forming the only connection be-
tween said inlet and said outlet, whereby ~low between said inlet
and outlet must be through said passages,
an impeller in said pump passage displaceable to move
liquid through said pump hous;ng from said intake to said output,
a valve member displaceable between one position blocking
said pump passage a.nd permitting Elow through said bypass passage
and another position blocking said bypass passage and permitting
flow through said pump passage and over said impeller, and
means including a motor in said pump housing for driving
said impeller and thereby moving said valve member into the other
position;
a check valve in said pump output preventing liquid flow
back into said pump housing; and
seal means between said pump output and said outlet for
preventing flow from said vessel into said outlet except through
said pump output;
means releasably securing said pump on said seat in
said vessel.
In accordance with another broad aspect of the invention
there is provided a drain fitting comprising:
a vessel formed with a laterally open outlet, at least
one inlet, and an internal seat at said outlet;
a pump in said vessel and having
~ -~a-
33
a pump housing secured to said seat and having a pump
intake and a pump output extending into said outlet above said
intake, said pump housing being substantially closed except at
said output and intake, whereby said pump housing acts as a gas
trap, said pump housing being formed with a pump passage and a
bypass passage, said pump passage passing over said impeller
and said bypass passage past said impeller, said passages forming
the only connection between said inlet and said outlet, whereby
flow between said inlet and outlet must be through said passages,
an impeller displaceable to move liquid through said
pump housing from said intake to said output,
a valve member comprising a flap pivotal on said pump
housing displaceable between ~ne position blocking said pump
passage and permitting flow through said bvpass passage and another
position blocking said bypass passage and permitting flow through
said pump passage, said pump passage including a pumping chamber
containing said impeller and closed on one side by said flap in
said one position, and
a motor in said pump housing driving said impeller;
a check valve in said pump output preventing liquid flow
back into said pump housing; and
seal means between said pump output and said outlet
for preventing flow from said vessel into said outlet except
through said pump output;
means releasably securing said pump on said seat in said
vessel.
~ -4b-
In accordance with another broad aspect of the invention
there is provided a drain fitting comprislng:
a vessel formed with a laterally open outlet, at least
one inlet, and an lnternal seat at said outlet;
a pump in said vessel and having
a pump housing secured to said seat and having a pump
intake and a removable outlet tube forming a pump output extending
into said outlet above said intake, said pump housing being sub-
stantially closed except at said output and intake, whereby said
pump housing acts as a gas trap, said pump housing being provided
at said outlet with a collar snugly fitting in said outlet and
fitted in turn into said tube,
an impeller displaceable to move liquid through said
pump housing from said intake to said output, and
a motor in said pump housing driving said impeller;
a check valve in said outlet tube preventing liquid
flow back into said pump housing; and
seal means between said pump output and said outlet
for preventing flow from said vessel into said ~utlet except
th~ough said pump output;
means releasably securing said pump on said seat in said
vessel.
The waste water pump, designed and inserted in the same
way as are conventional replacement components for the wsste water
container, simultaneously takes the place of the required back
water cut-off or cut-offs for the system. Moreover, the drain
replaces an expensive water lifting plant (which is costly to
operate) using a riser and an additional down pipe since,
--~IC--
in spite of the minimum gradient of 3 of the single drain pipe, it draws off
waste water from the household in the case of any back water against the
opposing pressure. Since SUC]I overloading occurs at most twice or three times
a year, it does not represent any significant energy expenditure to operate
the waste water pump at the appropriate times.
Moreover, the drai.nage con-tainer call thell be simply adapte(l i-f :for
instance in a location wllere one bu:ildillg llas so far stood on its OWIl alld has
got by Wit]l a converltiolla:l dra:i.tlclge system, :furtller houses are to ~e erected
such as would normally require water l:ifting plant becnuse of the additiollal
waste water :flow of the further houses. The adaptatioll of SUC]l a container
only requires the removal of the usual inserts alld the installatioll of the
waste water pump. The drai.nage container and its outlet drain pipe can con~inue
to be used. The installer's stock-keeping is simplified since he is able to
meet all requirements with a modular constructioll system. ~xpensive
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i3~1
ground wor]cs are obviated. Expenses are also saved as far
as the individual households are concerned.
The particular advantage of the solution in
accordance with the invention lies in the fact that a
modular system already used with great success in practice
with waste water drains with drain pipes lying at
inclinations shallower than the normal ~radients, that is
to say a system consistillg of optionally interchangeable
indiJidual modules which can be combined for different
lo drains for the ground, cellars, bathrooms, terraces,
streets and similar drains, may also be converted into a
waste water drainage system with the continuing use of
these modules which take the place of a so-called lifting
plant which is sometimes required by the authorities.
There is, ~ course, the precondition that the sewer
system into which tne waste water flows from the
container should be slightly lower than the drainage
container s~ that the drain pipe can have a minimum
gradient of 3 . At any rate, this drainage system, as a
"lifting plant substitute", does not require specially
laid pipe lines, nor a high ener~y consumption and
expensive space requirements as do the lifting plants.
A waste water conta:iner in accordance with the invention
gets by with the usual drain pipe having a 3 gradient
if the subsequent sewer system lies only slightly below
it, whilst normally it would already be necessary to
install a lifting plant. E`or even with a backwash
travelling back as far as the waste water container, no
waste water is capable of flowing through the waste water
pump back into the container. Nevertheless if was-te water
is to be drain~d off Erom the tank, the waste water pump
which pushes the waste water into the drain pipe a~ainst
the backwash and hence, into the sewer system fulfils
this requirement.
In a suitable specific ernbodiment of the
invention an outlet opening in the pump casing on the
delivery side of the pump is sealed off agains-t the
interior of the waste water container and is incorporated
upstream of or at the said outle-t. As a result of this
design, the waste water is forced to flow through the
pump casing into the drain pipe. ~n the event of back
water occurring, waste water surging backwards cannot
bypass the pump casingO There is the further advantage
that the pump with 'ts casing can be placed very close
to the drain pipe so that there st,ll remains sufficient
space in the waste water container, for instance, for a
collector of solids or for other modular components~
The waste water cont:ainer thereby retains i-ts small,
compact shape which can be accommoclated without undue
depth in the ground,in an intermedia-te ceiling or in
other narrow, confined spaces.
In a further appropriate specific embodiment
of the invention the pump casing is equipped with
securing and sealing means adapted to engage the said
mounting means of the drainage container~ This design
ensures tha-t even with a subsequent modification the
waste water pump with its casing can be straightforwardly
exchanged for a different insert or that it can be fixed
on the mounting means moulded into the container in such
a way that a leakproof flow path for the waste wàter is
provided.
In a further appropriate specific embodiment
of the invention the pump casing has suction openings at
the bottom and the pump outlet opening above the suction
openings, said suction openings and said pump outlet
opening being interconnected by a flow channel and two
passages in parallel, which passages may be alternately
opened. In this way, the path of flow is determined for
the waste water. It can be dimensioned in a simple way
on such a large scale that even rather large waste water
quantities can drain off satisfactorily~ ~ach of the
two passages which can be alternately opened is
conveniently capable of leading the incident waste water
into the drain pipe on its own.
It is convenient in this connection if the
container includes shut-of~ means which may be moved
into two positions whereby in each position it cuts off
one passage and opens the other~ The change over in the
respective path o flow f~r the waste water is here
effected automaticallyO
In an advantageous specific embodiment of the
invention the shut-off means is arranged at the start
of said flow channel and consists of a pivotable
shut-off flap. The shut-off is located at a point of
the casing which is favourable from the pGint of view
of the flow. Such a design can be easily masterèd from
the poi.nt of view of the produc-tion technology.
It is, moreover, important if one said passage
forms a flow connection from the suction openings to
said flow channel and the other said passage forms the
outle-t on the pressure side of a pump chamber enclosing
a pump impeller, said pump impeller being operative to
urge liquid through said pump chamber fro~. an inlet
opening communicating with the suction openings to
said other passage and into the flow channel. ~hen,
with a free passage to the sewer system, even fairly large
quantities of waste water flow l~rgely un~mpeded and
automatically into the drain pipe. If, on the other hand,
any back wash does occur, in which case the waste water
in the container can no longer drain automatically, the
pump delivers this waste water via a predetermined flow
path with an automatic setting, with the attendant
opening of the back water cut-off against the back wash
into the drain pipe. At this juncture, the shut-off
-- 10 --
closes the flow path provided for the free draining of
the waste water so tha-t there is no risk of the waste
water flowing back in an uncontrolled way into the
eontainer in spite of the operation of the pump. In this
eonnection, the shut-off need not be necessarily formed
by a pivotable flap but a different type of shut-off
eoul~ also be used, for instanee, a float, a ball or a
conv~ntional two position valve.
In a further particularly important specifie
embodiment of the invention the differenee in height
between the level of the suction openings and the bottom
edge of the pump easing outlet opening substantially
corresponds to the net width of the said outlet of the
eontainer~ and the pump casing forms a water trap with
1~ the said flow ehannel. Since normally, waste water
drains must be equipped with a water trap which prevents
the sewer gases from being pushed backward, a special
water trap had to be integrated in the case of conventional
lifting plants which entailed additional building costs
and space problems. In that in accordance with the
invention, the waste water pump does assume both the
function of the back water cut-offs and may also operate
as a water trap, space is ~aved. Moreove:~, such a design
of the flow channel can be achieved partieularly simply
from the point of view of construction. In this
connection, -the pump eould be an eleetrie impeller or
centrifuyal pump or be designed in the form of an axial
flow pump or have a hydraulic or pneumatic drive.
Since there are fundamental difficulties in
conveying the electrical energy supply to the pump
drive motor because electrical contact points possibly
lie in the water in the container, the pump may have a
power supply line which may be inserted through a conduit
fixe~ on container wall leading out of t`he container and
sealed with labyrinth seals. The exchange of the waste
water pump and casing modules is effected rapidly, and
without problems, by drawing the connection from these
pipes to the pump and by drawing the wiring of the new
pump in again. The contact maker or connections thereby
lie in a protected position outside the waste water region.
The sealing elements provided, which are known in
themselves, keep the container water-tight and it is
possible to attach this tubing, wit`n bolt elements, at
any point of the wall.
Alternatively the pump may be connected on the
delivery site via an additional connecting pipe with the
outlet of the container. This does, if necessary,meet
the requirements of arranging the pump at a greater
distance fr~m the opening of the drainpipe.
Ccnveniently other modular components, for
example a water trap, a back water cut-off, or a back
watex block, may be exchanged for the pum~? which has its
- 12 -
casir..~ designed to serve as a back water cut-off. It is
then not only possible to exchange the waste water p~np
for a water trap, a back water cut-off, or a back water
hloc]c, but it is a]so possible to combine all these
functions in the pump where it additionally fulfils the
tas]c of pushing the waste water securely into the sewer
system .in the event o:E back water.
In a further alternativet the drive motor of
the pump is arranged outside the drainage container~
Although this principle is fundamentally kno~n, it is
of particular significance for the waste water drainage
of the kind described in the introduction of -this
specification if the container is particularly small and
does not afford sufficient space for the accommodation
of -the pump dr:ive. This could also be particularly
beneficial in the case of clean-out pipes with an
inst~tlled pump.
A further appropriate specific embodiment of
the i.nvention is one in w~lich th~re is inserted on the
delivery side of th~ p~unp casin~ a pipe connector
adapted to receive one or se~Teral hack water cut-?ffs,
said pipe connec-tor bein~ able -to be inserted int~ the
outlet of the container. This design can be produced
particularly simply from the point of view of the
production technology. I'his combi~ation is, above all,
important because it is becomin~ more common for
- 13 -
legislation to prescribe two or more back water cut-offs
and these have to be accommodated in a small space.
To render it possible ko fix several back water
cut-offs in a simple way too, and to obtain an eas~
dismantling for cleaning, the drain pipe connector is
formed by two pipe sectlons, each of which carries a
i respective one of two back water cut-offs, said pipe
connectors being placed in series wïth conical or collar
type overlap and being held by at least two fingers
moulded on one of the pipe sections and engaging moulded
recesses in the other of the pipe sections. The clip-on
assembly has the advantage of a rapid and secure fixing
whereby the tension is always maintained.
The pump with its casing must be fixed to the
drainpipe in a water-tight manner. For this purpose,
because of t~e lack of space, the pipe connector is
set on a collar at the outlet opening of the pump casing
and has a flange type end formation force-fitted between
the container inner wall and the pump casing. An
enhanced seal and a firm position are obtained if the
radial front end`of the flange type end formation of
the pipe connector is conical and extends into recesses
of the pump casing flange carrying sealing means. The
seal presses on the conical front end of the flange and
pushes it against the wall in such a way that no liquid
may escape via an undesirable path.
- 14 -
Suitably, each back water cut-off has an
automatically operating pivotable non-return flap with
an associated sealing seat, or a ball-shaped automatically
rnovable cut-off component with an assoGiated sealing seat,
or a non-return flap which may be actuated at random, or
a ball valve which may be m~ved at random. The combination
of a flat shut~off with a ball valve shut-oEf may produce
advantages u~der certain operational conditions deriving
from the nature of the waste waters to be evacuated or
the frequency with which the pump is to be activated.
In order tha-t the present invention may more
readily be unders-tood the following description is given,
merely by way of example, with reference to the
accompanying drawings, in which:-
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a
household waste water drain connected to the sewer system
Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional
representation of the waste water drain of Figure 1,
Figures 3, 4 and 5 show various embodimen-ts of
the combined waste water cut-offs clS they may be fitted
to the pump and (as it may) be inserted into a drainage
container' and
Fi~ures 6 and 7 show two further variants in
the arrangements of the waste water drainage~
As shown in Figure 1, there is i.nserted in a
Building B in floor K lying below the street level S, a
waste water drain 1 which is fe~ with waste water for
instance by a side pipe line 2 and ~rom above. The drain
consists of a drainage con-tai.ner 3 wherein there is
inst:alled a waste water p~unp 4 which is designed as an
exchangeable replacement unit~ The waste water pump 4
is positioned in front of a side outlet pipe 6 of the
drainage container 3 and is effective both for waste
water drainage and also as a back water cut-off. Outlet
6 is connected by a sewer pipe 5 extending downwards
with a gradient of at least 3 to -the main sewer H of the
public sewer system to which there are connected
additional subsidiary channels N as well as rain water
ducts R.
A lifting plant of the type installed hitherto
is indicatecl in dashed lines in Figure 1. ~liS consisted
of a special container whence waste water entered an
intermediate container Z vla a riser line L and a lifting
pump P and.hence via a steeply inclined down pipe F into
the main sewer H, preventing back water from entering
~lso when the mai~ s~wer H is overloaded.
the building B ~ ccording to the present invent:ion, by
using a waste water pump 4 which may be installed without
difficulty into the waste water container 3, even
subsequent to installation of the container 3, even
later the need for such a lifting plant is obviated
whilst the sewer pipe 5 laid in a conventional manner
with a shallow gradient may continue to be used even if-
- 16 -
there should be a back surge. The waste water pump 4 is
designed as a back water cut-off in relation to the main
sewer H and i3 simul taneously laid in such a way that it
is capable of drawing o~f waste water f~om the household
even against the backwater pressure in cases of back surge.
It goes without saying that the waste water pump ~ need
only be operated when there is any ~ack water at a time
when there is a simultaneous incidence o~ household
waste water of a given quantity. In the case of the water
lifting plants used so far, the lifting pump alwa~s had to
be put into operation when there was any household waste
water regardless of whether or not the main sewer H was
overloaded.
Figure ~ illustrates an embodiment of a waste
water drain 1 in whose waste water container 3 such a
waste water pump 4 has beerJ inserted. Moulded on the
waste water container 3, at the side and displaced towards
the top, is a~n outlet 6 which is connected with a sewer
pipe 5 in a way which has not been drawn in detail. ~ny
other drainage direction (relative to the container 3)
would also be conceivable for the outlet 6 which can be
governed simply by the position of the sewer pipe 5. The
waste water container 3 is part of a Xnown modular system
wherein various replaceable components suc~ as a water trap,
a back water cut-of, a blocking shut-off ~ctuated at will,
and similar devices may be functionally fixed and be
- 17 -
optionally interchanged wit~out there being any need for
the waste water container 3 to be removed or modified.
For this purpose, the waste water container 3 already
includes integrally moulded insert pocke-t 7 and securincJ
devices ~ for these replacement components of the system.
The waste water pump 4 is inserted into the drainage
container 3 instead of one ~uch replacement component and
is secured on the holdin~ elements, in this casè the
insert pocket 7 and the securing device 8, intended for
this purpose.
The waste water pump 4 is in this case a
submersible or impeller pump with its drive motor 30
driving a centrifugal pump rotor or impeller 11 in a
pump chamber 28 vla a shaft 310 However, alternatively,
the drive motor may be located outside the waste water
container 3. The waste water pump 4 has an enclosed
dismantleabl~ casin~ 12 comprising a carrying handle 32
and a bottom 21 which has bottom suction openings 13
which in the inserted posi-tion shot~n communicate vla
impeller 11 and a flow channel 14 with a d:ischarc~e end
15 placed in a hi~her position. Discharge end 15 is
extended by a collar type pipe connector 16 which enters
the outlet 6. Between the bottom edge U o the pipe
connector 16 and the level of the suction openings 13,
there intervenes a difference in level G whereby the pump
casin~ 12 forms a water trap with the flow channel 14
~ 18 -
between the drainpipe 6 and the lnterior of the drainage
container 3 so there is no need for a special water trap
unit as a separate insert.
In the embodiment in Figure 2, the pipe connector
16 is formed by individual pipe sec-tions 55, 55' which
are coaxially conically superimposed in series and with
the one located on discharge end 15 pushed on to a collar
58 moulded on to the pum~ casing 12 and force ~itted with '
its flange type end formations 59 ~etween the inner wall
10 60 of the container 3 and the secured pump casing 12.
At the end of the pipe section 55, there is
moulded on a bearing 17 for a lever 18 with a back water
cut-off flap 38 which cooperates with a seat 39 in pipe
section 55 and forms a back water cut off. The conically
superimposed outer pipe section 55' is secured with
moulded fingers 57 in recesses 56 on the inner pipe
section 55 which engage therein with a ~light prestressing.
The outer pipe section 55', like the inr~er pipe section
55, includes a back water cut-off 10 arranged in series
with the other one. It is moreover conceivable that one
of the two is a manually actuated back water cut-off which
can be blocked at will in order to obtain complete
isolation of the waste water container 3 from the
downstream sewer system.
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At outlet end 15 the pump casing 12 has a
flan~e 23 which ends at the bottom with an insert edge
24 which may be inserted into the insert pocket 7 of
the waste water con-tainer 3. [n the top part of the
flange 23, provision is made for fixin~ elements ~ such
as bol~s with nuts, by means of ~ich the pump casing
12 is interchangeably secured within the waste water
container 3. A seal 54 is placed within the flange 23
round the pipe connector 16 which is held by recesses
63 in flange 23. The flange type end formations 59 of
the inner pipe section 55 extend as far as the recesses
63 and consequently press against the seal 54 which is
thereby additionally pressed against the inner wall 60
of the container to afford a good seal. In order still
further to enhance the seal and the fixing of the pipe
connector 16 the radial front en~s 61 of the flange type
end format:,ons 59 of the pipe cor.nector 16 are given a
conical configuration. Seal 54 therefore presses the
pipe connec~tor 16 against the inner wall 60 of the
container 3.
The bottom part 21 of casing 12 is suspended
on the one side t~ith an extension 22 engaqing in flange
23 t~hilst it is connected with th~ remainder of the
casing 12 ~la connecting means which have not been shown.
,'5 In the casing bott~m part 21 which has the suction
openings 13, there is formed a passage 37 leading towards
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the flow channel 14 which is surrounded by a sealing
seat 36~ A passage 27 leads from the suc-tion openings
13 to a pump chamber 28 from which a passage 29 also
leads to the flow channel 14.
Between the bottom part 21 and the remainder
of the casing 12, on a pivot bearing 34, is a shut-off
35 in the form of a pivotab.le flap which may be tilted
between two positions. In the one position, shown in
solid lines, to which it is biassed under the effect
0 of gravity or, due to the pressure generated in pump
b~a~s
~p chamber 28 if pump 4 is operating, it ~a~ on the
sealing seat 36 and closes the passage 37. The waste
water is then.drawn through the suction openings 13
into pump chamber 28 and driveninto the flow channel 14.
If pump 4 i.s inoperative, and if the pressures in the
pump chamker 28 and passage 37 are equal,the shut-off
flap 35 is biassed by the greate.r flow resistance
through the pump chamber 28 into the position drawn in
the dashed lines ~or into an intermediate posit.ion),
allowing the waste water entering the suction cpenings
13 to pass into the flow channel 14 via passage 37.
The functioning of the drainage container will
be e,cplained with the help of Fi~3ure 2.
If any bac~ wate~ occurs in sewer pipe 5,
flap 38 shuts down against this back wa-ter. If the waste
water coming from the household rises above the level
designated as I in -the waste wa-ter container 3, the
pump 4 is automatically actuated (by means, not shown)
to draw off the waste water, in doing so the pump will
open the back water cut-of~` 38,39. Because flap 35 then
bears on its sealing seat 36, no waste water can flow
back.
If,on the o-ther hand, there is no back water,
the incident waste water will drain freely undè~ the
hydrostatic head throug~ passage 37, the flow channel
14, and the automatically-opening back water cut-off
3~3,39 (via the pipe connector 16), without exceeding
the level I and therefore without actuation of the pump
4, The gradient of outlet 6 carries the waste water
into the sewer system.
~ext -to pump 4 in the waste water tank 3, is
a solids collecto.r 19 in which any solid substances
coming from the rainwater intake 20 de~ining a lid of
the waste water cc~ntainer 3 are collected so that they
ne~d not pass through the pump 4.
The chain-dotted line 2 depicts a feed pipe
through which household waste water enters the waste
water container.
The lower level II indi.cates the water level
in thP waste water container 3 at which the pump 4 is
switched off again~
- 22 -
For the actuat:ion of pump 4, provision is
made for a level detector switch (not shown) which may
be in the form of a float or in any other form.
Should it be necessary to clean the pump casing
12, the waste water container 3, the pipe connector 16
in the zone of the hack water cut-offs, or the entry
of the out:let 6, then it is possible to lift Ollt the
pump 4 simply after rele~sing the securing elelnents 8.
If the pump ~ is no longer required in the container,
it can also be replace~ at any time by a different
component. For this exchange, the power supply line
64 of pump ~ for which no switch or base connector
should be placed within waste water tank 3, may be
pulled inwards through a sealed conduit 67. Thus it
should be possible to effect the exchange very rapidly
and securely and electrical contact defects would be
avoided. This conduit 67 could be fixed by known bolt
elements 65 at any required position by means of a hole
in container wall 3a. The opening of the tubing could
be sealed with a labyrinth seal 66 or gron~et.
In the embodiment shown in Fi~ure 3, a pipe
connector 16"' corresponcling to the pipe connector 16
of Figure 2, is provided with -two back water cut-offs
arranged in series. The cut-off nearer the discharge
25 en~l 15 of passage 1~ comprises a sealing seat 39'
moulded directly within pipe connector :6"' and cooperating
33
- 23 -
with a ball~shaped shut-off component 40. A sloping
guide 41 within pipe connector 16"' is associated with
the shut-off component 40 and ensures that the shut-off
ball 40 always abuts against seat 39' under the effect
o~ gravity. At the end of pipe connector 16"', there
is a second back water cut-o:~f 10 consisting of a ring
42 inserted into the pipe connector 16"' and forming a
seat for a back water flap 38' w~lich is pivo-tally suspended
in a conventional way vla a leve,^ 18' on a swivel
bearing 17'.
In the specific embodiment of Figure 4, there
are again two back water cut-offs in series within pipe
connector 16'. As already described in the case of Figure
2, the cut-off nearer the discharge end 15 is a non-return
flap 38 with its associated seat 39 which is pivotally
carried on a lever 18 on swivel bearing 17. Approximately
at the centre of pipe connector 6' is a seat 43 serving
for a ball valve 40' which cooperates with a sloping
guide 44.
A forami.nous plate 45 closes the pipe connector
16' towards the outside so that the ball valve ~0'
cannot fall out. If waste water from the waste water
container 3 has passed the flap 38, it pushes the ball
valve 40' away from its seat 43 and flows freel~ into
pipe line 5. In the case of any back water, the ball
valve 40' is urged firmly on seat 43 with a shut-off act:ion.
- 2~ -
~dditionally, the non-Leturn flap 38 also moves into
its shut-off position on seat 3g.
In -the case of the specific embodiment of
Figure 5 the pipè connector of the pump casing 12 is
designated as 16". It only extends for a short length
beyond the discharge end 15 of passage 14 and has an
inner thread 46. l'he pipe connector 16" is moulded on
to flange 23'.
An externally threaded pipe 47 is screwed in~_o
the short pipe connector section 16". This short
connector replaces the longer pipe connector 16 of
Figures 1 to 4. Within tube 47, there are arranged two
back water cut-offs in series. They are identical to
each other and have a swivel bearing 17 or 17", a
15 pivoting lever 18 or 18", a non-return flap 38 or 38',
and a sealing seat 39" or 39"'. Freely draining or
pumped-off waste water pushes the flaps 38, 38' open
whilst a backwash holds both flaps fast on their
respective seats 39" and 39"'. Should the backwater
cut-offs no longer function satisfactorily or if they
have to be replaced for other applications, for instance
by means of a float shut-off, it i5 only necescary to
exchange the pipe 47.
Figure 6 sho~s a further specific em~odiment
of a drainage system using a waste water container 3'
possessing additional fixtures 48 for a collector bucket.
- 25 -
4~
Into fi~tures ~, there is suspended, instead of the
collector bucket which also forms a standard component
or a replacement uni-t of the system, the waste water
pump 4 which is connected on the del.ivery side via a
separate connector pipe 49 with the outlet 6. Here too,
the non-return flap 3~ ensures that in the case of
back wash/ no waste wate~ can go bac]c into the waste
water container 3'. The cross section of the`connector
pipe 49 and the output rate of the wast~ water pump 4
must be adapted to the cross section of the outlet 6
in such a way that even with a backwash, the pressure
generated by pump 4 is sufficient to drive the waste
water into the main sewer H. Reference numeral 53 denotes
a vertical discharging drain pipe (indicated with dashed
lines) which is to be connected with pump 4 if any waste
water is t.o be drawn off.
Finally, Figure 7 shows the waste water container
3' of Fig~re 6 when a solids collector bucket 50 has
been inserted into the fixtures 48. Appropriately
designed half grating covers 20 of the waste water
container 3' carry the was-te.wat-r directly through the
solids collector bucket 50 and only then into -the waste
water pump 4. The waste water pump 4 has been constructed
substantially as shown in Figure 2 and forms a water trap.
Wil:hin -the outlet 6 or wi-thin pipe connector 16 of the
waste water pump 4, provision is again made for the back
- 26 -
water cut-off 38 which, in the event of -there being
back water from the main sewer, closes the waste
water container 3'. A by-pass channel 51 leading out
of the outlet zone of waste water pump 4 (represented
with dashed lines) opens in the draining direction
behind backwater cut-off 38 into the outlet 6. Within
the by pass channel 51, there is arranged a conventional
non-return valve 52. In the event of any backwash, the
waste water pump 4 pumps the waste water coming ~rom the
household vla the by-pass channel 51 (which is suitably
designed with a smaller cross section) into the
continuing sewer system, by-passing the closed back
water cut-off 38. In this way the pump may be given a
relatively low output rating.
