Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
This ;nvention relatos in g,erlel-al to tobacco substitutes for
use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco and in particular
to a physical, chemical and psychological substitute for a natura] tobacco
product without employing any natural tobacco material.
It is well known that tobacco contains many components that are
hazardous to the hea]th of individuals. Accordingly, tobacco substitute or
synthetic smoking materials have been known for some time. Tobacco sub-
stitutes desirably have a number of properties which are analogous to
those of natural tobacco. For example, tobacco substitutes should have
burning characteristics which are compatib]e with natural tobacco. Some
otherwise suitable tobacco substitute compositions burn too rapidly or at
too high a temperature to be suitable for use as smokeable items. In order
to overcome this disadvantage, additive constituents, e.g., hydrated alumina,
have been incorporated into the reconstituted tobacco as combustion control
or burning rate contro~ agents.
Another problem with many tobacco substitute compositions is that
they tend to "bloom" upon combustion. Blooming occurs when the ash expands,
becomes incoherent and disintegrates. OEten in cigarettes containing
blends of tobacco and tobacco substitutes, rather than forming a natural-
appearing coherent ash, the filament or ribbon-like ashes of the tobacco
and tobacco substitute partic]es separate and peel out from the center of the
ash causing blooming. The expanded ash has a very unattractive appearance
and is weakened to the degree that large hot particles flake off. Another
characteristic of such an ash is its tendency to fall off prematurely with
little or no agitation of the cigarette.
Various materials are known to affect ashing properties and in
some instances, fibrous materials have served both to support the ash
after combustion and to impart strength Lo the substitute sheet. Iibrous
materials used to support tobacco substitute ash include asbestos (now known
to be hazardous to health) or cellulosic materials, e.g., cellulose gau~e
treated with a flarneproofing agent.
~any attempts have been made to utilize cellulosic materials,
e.g., a]pha-cel]u]ose, as smoking materials to be used as tobacco replace-
ments or supplernents. I~owever, a]pha-cellulose and similar materials, in
untreated form, have not been found to be entirely satisfactory materials,
either with regard to their burning characteristics or with regard to certain
]o other properties. Attempts have been made to modify cellulose by oxidative
t-echniques, by heat techniques and by the addition of various materials
to modify the properties of the cellulose. Despite these many techniquesS
cel]ulose has not been found to be completely satisfactory as a smoking
material.
In one manner of providing a tobacco substitute, it has been
proposed to take ordinary wood pulp, form a paper sheet therefrom, and
saturate such a sheet with an extract of natural tobacco. The extract
has been prepared by taking tobacco waste, comprising broken leaf parts
and stem parts and subjecting this waste to extraction with stem. Since
many of the constituents of tobacco that give it the characteristic aroma,
flavour and colour are not soluble in water they are not extracted, so that
the extract is not a representative composition of the ingredients in
the native driecl tobacco. Therefore, it is not surprising that ordinary
paper saturated with such a partial extract is deficient as a tobacco sub-
stitute and has an off-co]our, an objectionable taste and insufficient
aroma. Further, since such a product has, in fact, certain ingredients of
natural tobacco, i~ is classifiable under tariff regulations as a "tobacco"
product and is subject to the same high duties and taxes as the whole stuff
of the tobacco plant. No economic or social advances are rnade by the use of
such paper-treated products.
Cel]u]ose has been oxidized by treatment with nitrogen dioxide
and simi]ar materia]s. For example, U.S. Patent 3,461,879 relates to tobacco
substitutes in which the combustible portion is oxidized cellulose or is
an oxidized material which contains a significant percentage or alpha-
cellulose. The theory behind such treatments is believed Co involve the
oxidation of the primary hydroxyl groups of the cellulose molecule to form
carboxyl groups in their place. The oxidation of the cellulose is said to
have the effect of reducing the delivery or lPM (total particulate matter)
from the cellu]ose and to also produce a more desirable taste in the smoke.
However, such oxidation, for example with nitrogen dioxide, involves
re]atively high equipment investment and operating costs and does not produce
an entirely satisfactory product.
In addition, various heat treatments have been tried, in attempts
to improve the burning properties of cellulose. For example, U.S. Patents
3,705,589 and 3,545,448 relate to heat-treated cellulosic materials for
use in smoking products. However, the materials produced by such treatments
have also not been found to be totally satisfactory.
Compositions which have included certain types of untreated
cellu]ose in combination with other materials9 for example as described in
U.S. Patent 3,807,414 have also not been found to provide all of the desired
effects.
The typical tobacco substitutes described in, e.g., U.S. Patents
Nos. 2,809,904; 3,4]0,276; 3,461,879; 3,477,865; and 3,732,39Z generally
comprise a binder, a fibrous filler, e.g., as asbestos or kraft pulp, to
impart sLrength to the tobacco substitute sheet and a combustion control
or burning raLe modifying agent. ln some instanes, substitutes may also
require an ash control agent.
U.S. Patent 1,334,752 provides a fluid for treating tobacco leaves
or like plants. The fluid is obtained by boiling resin in a solvent of
NaCI and by boiling the same in a solvent of NaHCO, and a solution of organic
salt of iron.
U.S. Patent 1,680,860 provides a smokeable tobacco substitute
and process using eucalyptus, adding glycerine or honey or molasses (as a
hydroscopic agent to prevent drying out of the end product). KN03 is
used in an aqueous solution to treat leaves to augment flagration of the end
product so that it is made useable for cigarettes and for pipe smoking
purposes. The leaves are air dried, crushed between rollers, macerated in
KN03 solution for three hours, drained and put in a pressure vessel at 100-
200 F for three hours. The ]eaves are then compressed and heated up to 212F,
then shredded as filler.
V.S. Patent 2,576,021 provides wood pulp to make a paper sheet
and then soak it with tobacco extract to make a tobacco substitute and
provide an improvement using fibers of bagasse preferably sugar cane bagasse
preferred over wood pulp, cotton linen, ramie, sisal and other similar fibers
because it has a chemical composition similar to tobacco in respect to
cellulose, gums, fats and waxes. The process involves washing the sheet
and treating it with NaOH or other alkali, and forms a sheet using
Fourdrinier equipr~ent. Certain substances can be added to impart desired
taste, aroma and colour.
-- 4 --
Specifically, this patentee provided substitlJte for tobacco
consisting of a slleeted product containing no natural tobacco and consisting
of bagasse ancl agents which impart to the product the flavour, arorna and
appearance of natural tobacco, said agents including a sugar, an aliphatic
hydroxy acid, an amino acid, a hygroscopic aliphatic polyhydric alcohol,
a natural water-soluble ester gum, an essential oi] and an organic water-
soluble colouring matter, the bagasse being present in the product in an
amount greater than said agents and in the form of a mixture containing
from about 25% to 50% by weight of relatively short fibres and from about
50/0 to 75% by weight of relatively long fibres, said product having sub-
stantially the same burning characteristics as dried natural tobacco.
U.S. 2,907,686 provide a tobacco substit:ute, an elongated cylinder
made by charring a pieee of wood, to produce charcoal. The wood is charred
in the absence of air at 250-~00 C (4 6 hours). The product may include
carrier for flavouring agent: charcoal, Fuller's earth, natural or activated
clays; aroma~ic flavouring agent: natural or synthetic oils, e.g., vanilla9
eucalyptol, octyl acetate, isoamyl isovalerate. A smoke-forming agent,
preferably an edible solid or liquid, e.g., glycerol, glycerol monoacetate,
may be added. Coal tar colours may also be added. Ash-forming agent may
be from a high ash source or may result from soaking a low ash source with
a solution of ash-producing inorganic salts, e.g., ZnC12, Ca(OH)2, KOH
or K2C03, MgO, A1203. Coat:ing agents, e.g., sugar solutions or hard gum
or resin may also be used.
U.S. Patent 3,369,551 provide a tobacco substitute base foulld by
extracting plant leaves with water or an organic solvent with many additives
listed. Dried materials are toasted to a golden brown colour and treated
with appropriate additives.
_ 5 _
U.S. Patent 3,461,879 provide a Lobacco substit-lte constituting
oxidized cellulose in combination with a hydrated metal compound, for
example magnesium citrate, hydrated alumina, calcium tartrate or magnesium
sulfate. Whell hydrated metal compounds, for example magnesium sulfate or
the other materials set forth in this patent are employed, the burning
rate of the cellulose has been found to approach that of ordinary cured
tobacco leaves and a more pleasant taste and aroma have been found to be
produced in connection with the sidestream and mainstream of the tobacco
smoke. Furthermore, the resulting ash has been found to be more satis-
factory.
U.S. Patent 3,545,448 provide a smoking material comprising a
carbohydrate material, e.g., ce]lulose, which is thermally degraded at
100-250 C until a weight loss of at least 10% has occurred, the degradation
taking place in the presence of a strong mineral acid catalyst or in the
presence of a salt of such strong acid with a weak base. The patent
indicates that especially useful carbohydrate materials include alpha-
cellulose, cellulose derivatives e.g., n-ethyl cellulose, various polysac-
charides and various gums.
U.S. Patent 3,556,109 provide a smoking material made from
oxidized cellulose with various salts.
U.S. Patent 3,556,110 provide a smoking rnaterial made from
oxidized cellulose with various salts.
~.S. Patent 3,559,655 provide a smoking material made from
oxidized cellulose with various salts.
U.S. Patent 3,612,063 provide a smoking material made of oxidized
cellulose combined with organic salts of potassium, lithium and copper,
-- 6 --
~32~
such as the oxalic, lactic, glycolic, clig]ycolic, pivalic or tannic acid
salts, and with ti~anium dioxide.
lJ.S. Patent 3,638,660 provide a tobacco substitute rnaterial
prepared from fibrous wood pulp containing at least 90% of alpha-cellulose
which is lightly beaten to certain specifications and is then formed into a
sheet having a density of 12-35 pounds per cubic foot. rhe beaten fibrous
wood pulp is, during the formation of the sheet, combined with certain
combustion modifiers, namely the sulfates of magnesium, sodium and potassium
or the chlorides of potassium and magnesium or the carbonates and bicar-
bonates of sodium, potassium, magnesium and aluminum or potassium nitrate,
ferric oxide, ferric hydroxide, alumina, the citrates and acetates of
magnesium and glyconic acidO In the pa~ent, it is stated that best results
are obtained when cellulose is combined with hydrated magnesium sulfate
ar,d certain burning sustainers, namely potassium chloride, magnesium
chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate and ferric oxide or hydroxide.
Other burning sustainers are the potassium, sodium, magnesium and ammonium
carbonates or bicarbonates. It is also stated that various flavours and
humectants, as well as nicotine or other alkaloids, may be introdùced
into the sheet. It is further stated that ammonium compounds and various
colouring agents may also be incorporated in the sheet. It is also stated
that the presence of ammonia (for example in the form of ammoniùm sulfate
or ammonium carbonate) is believed to inhibit the production of 3,~-
benzpyrene.
U.SO Patent 3,640,285 provide a cigarette paper which is loaded
with calcium oxalate or certain other alkaline earth metal salts of organic
acids, which may be added as such or formed in situ in the paper.
~:~9~ 8
U.S. Patellt 3,720,660 provide oxidized cellulose and other poly-
saccharides, wherein the cellulose is reacted with such materials as
strong acids, e.g., ~12S04, with nitrosyl chloridè and the like.
U.S. Patent 3,812,864 provide a smoking material which is prepared
by employing a combination of vinyl methyl ether: maleic anhydride copoly-
mers with certain particulate inorganic materials (for example, calcium
carbonates) and with a secondary combustible material which may be tobacco
dust, cellulose, pectins, natural gums or the like.
U.S. Patent 3,874,390 provide a smokeable product formed by
heating cellulose to 150-300 C to obtain a degree of degradation of 5-30%
by weight and combining thè resulting degraded or carbonized cellulose
with an inorganic filler which may be a hydroxide, an oxide or a hydrated
oxide of aluminum, iron or si]icon, to form a slurry which may then be
cast into a sheet or ultimate use as a smoking material.
U.S. Patent 3,924,642 provide a smokeable product having a cel-
lulose based combustible material containing a chelate compound incorporated
in an amount from .5 to 70% by weight of combustible material, The product
may also contain fillers, compounds which split off ammonia, oxidizing
agents, ammonium salts of polymeric acids, low sulfur content proteins and/
or tobacco extracts.
U.S. Patent 3,931,~24 provide a smoking product which incorporates
carboxymethyl cellulose as a portion of its filler.
U.S. Patent 3,965,911 provide a tobacco substitute smoking
materiai comprising an organic combustible material as ~ smoke-producing
fuel, and protein. The organic combustible material may be a smoke-producing
carbohydrate, such as alpha-cellulose, cellulose derivatives, sugars, starch,
alginate, pectin, or natura] gum.
Gcrman Offenlegungsschrift 2,262,829 provide as a smokeable
product a ~ellulose sheet- having added thereto a meta] chelate of the type
represented by magnesium aluminum citrate and magnesiurn iron citrate.
Canadian Patent 1,066,496 provided a tobacco substitute comprising
an organic binder; an ash stabilizer comprising boric oxide, boron oxyacids,
or ammonium, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of boron oxyacids;
a bloom control agent comprising from about 10% to about 40% by weight of
tobacco fines; and an inorganic filler. These tobacco substitutes may be
employed in admixture with natural tobacco in amounts up to about 50/0 by
weight, preferably about 3% to about 50% by weight.
Canadian Patent 1,135,949 provides an improved synthetic smoking
material comprising a cellulosic material containing calcium, magnesium,
iron, or aluminum salts. While the cellulosic material, e.g., alpha-cel-
lulose, may be used in sheet or particulate form and the like, the process
preferably comprises forming an aqueous slurry of the cellulosic material,
desirably in the form of loose and slightly beaten cellulose fibers in
water, then adding the above-mentioned salts to the slurry, casting the
same and thereafter drying , conditioning and slitting the resulting sheet
to produce a low tar filler material.
Processes also known for the production of tobacco substitutes.
In one such known process, coarsely comminuted tobacco materials, in par-
ticular ribs and wastes, are admixed with a small amount of liquid and
kneaded. The resultant crumbly, moist rnass is then subseguently pressed
at a pressure in excess of 161 kg/cm to form flakes. These are tobacco
structures of ~arge surface area which must be recut subsequently to the
~L19Z~8
sizes necessary to be adcled to cigar fillers or to cigarette tobacco.
The flakes produced during this process are flat like paper and have only a
low filling capacity. The mechanical expenditure for achieving the high
pressures and the consumption o~ energy required during pressing or rolling
is high. Furthermore, the subseq-lent cutting operation is also disadvant-
ageous because the knives are subject to a high amount of wear which
necessitates frequent replacement of the knives.
Another process is known in which the starting products are
ground very fine in size, in part even in colloidal size, and are admixed
with large amounts of liquid. The thin slurry obtained according to this
process, known as the slurry process, is then measured out in a thin layer
on a drying belt and is dried to form a foil. Insofar as this foil is
supposed to be used as a fi~led for cigars or cigarettes, it must be cut
again subsequently hereto. Although no pressure is employed in this
process, the consumption of energy is nevertheless very high because large
amounts of liquid must be removed from the mass. In addition, the above-
mentioned difficulties again arise when the foil is cut. Furthermore,
this process produces a thin paper-like product with a low filling capacity.
Up to now the dried, band-like foils were generally cut longi-
tudinally and transversely into large pieces at the end of the transport
belt by cutting devices. This cutting causes a relatively great amount of
wear to the cutting knives, in particular in the case of artificial
tobaccos which contain greater amounts of inorganic addieives.
A suggestion taught by U.S. Patent 3,7139358 intends avoiding
the disadvantages of the afore-cited process. In so doing, special ref-
erence is made to the corrosion problems when cutting the finished foils
-- 10 --
into large pieces as is common nowadays. This suggestion proposes cutting
the f]exible foils at ô - ]2% the moisture content subsequent to leaving
an endless belt by means of a plurality of parallel knives and belt devices
to form pieces in the shape of a parallelogram. The great amount of wear
of the cutting knives and the resultant frequent sharpening of the same
are not eliminated by this proposal. Furthermore, the pieces produced in
this manner attract attention in an undesirable way due to the uniform
regular geometrical shapes and the resultant unnatural appearance between
the natural tobaccos. In addition, they have a paper-like shape, but do
not have good filling capacity as is also the case in the afore-cited
artificial structures.
Canadian Patent 996,206 provides smokeable, substantially homo-
geneous flakes of reconstituted tobacco where the flakes are characterized
in that they have an irregularly wavy configuration, irregular dimensions
with substantially non-rectilinear edges and visible porous properties, a
high filling capacity when used as cigar or cigarette filler as well as the
same colour on both sides Those are obtainable by deforming a moist
mass containing tobacco and/or tobacco substitutes between a rotating
transport surface and a counterpart surface to form a flat structure, by
pushing apart the flat structure located on the transport surface and not
yet dried to its final moisture content and being in a plastic state into
flake or leaf shape by means of an element provided with separating forms
in a squeezing operation for separation purposes and by removing the
structures from ehe transport surface immediately thereafter and drying
them to their final moisture content.
Among the many other proposals which have been made to provide
a tobacco substitute, are the subject matter of the fol]owing patents:
Canadian Patents
672,599
844,893
844,894
907,452
908,533
919,543
923,006
934,263
934,632
935,030
949,414
961,368
992,427
995,549
and 997,644
0
lInited States Patents
328,300 De Susini October 13, 1885
1,334,752 Hagino March 23, 1920
1,352,421 Alsina et al September 14, 1920
1,818,897 Kumagawa August 11, 1931
1,961,866 Rooker June 5, 1934
1,968,403 Kinker July 31, 1934
1,983,530 Brandenberger December 11, 1934
2,171,986 Poetschke September 5, 1939
2,331,830 Garber October 12, 1943
2,576,021
2,907,686
3,369,551
3,844,294
3,897,797
and4,147,172
Great Britain
325,125 February 13, 1930
1,299,296
],~98,354
1,312,483
2~
Nevertheless, in spite of all these patents, not a slngle patent
has provided a substitute tobacco for use as a cigar tobacco, pipe
tobacco or chewing tobacco which simulates a natural tobacco product in
taste, colour, aroma and burning characteristics without employing an~
part of the tobacco plant. ~one of these prior art patents provides a
substitute tobacco which has a burn rate which is suitable for use in a
smokeable product, e.g., cigar, which upon combustion, forms a stable,
normal-appearing, non-blooming ash, and which does not impart undesirable
taste to smokeable products, and may be economically produced. Further-
more, not a single patent provided such tobacco substitute which was not
toxic, not cancer producing or forming, not poisonous, not habit forming,
not mentally, physically or emotionally habit forming and yet which is
easy to produce and can have optional characteristics to please individual
tastes.
It is an object of an aspect of the invention to provide a sub-
stitute tobacco in sheet form or granulated form for use as cigar
tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco, the tobacco substitute having
the physical characteristics of a natural tobacco product without con-
taining any natural tobacco material.
An object of another aspect of this invention is to provide a
substitute tobacco for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing
tobacco formed entirely of herbaceous naturally-occurring material which
has flavour, aroma and burn characteristics similar to those of natural
tobacco.
By a broad aspect of this invention, a tobacco substitute for
use as c;gar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco is provided cor-sis-
ti n g esse n tially of:
(a) dried herb of pearly everlasting;
(b) dried leaves o sunflower;
(c) dried leaves of coltsfoot;
(d) dried blossoms and leaves of sweet ciover;
(e) dried bearberry or crabapple fruit;
(f) dried unripened fruit of cubebs;
(g) dried leaves and field mint;
(h) dried herb of rostwort;
(i) dried rootstock of ginger;
(j) dried leaves of dittany;.
(k) dried flowers and leaves of goldenrod;
(l) dried rootstock and leaves of licorice;
and (m) dried leaves of angelica.
By a variant thereof, the tobacco substitute includes at least
one of:
(n) dried sumac bark;
(o) dried spicebush bark;
(p) dried red willow bark;
(q) dried sage;
(r) dried herb of woodruff;
(s~ dried leaves of rosemary.
By a specific variant thereof 9 the tobacco substitute consis~s
- 14 -
o~
essentially of the following ingrcdients in pflrts per 100:
41.0000 Pearly Everlast;ng [dried herb~;
7.0000 Sunflower [dried leaves];
11.49~5 Coltsroot and Sweet Coltsfoot
[dried and f;ne cut broad leaves];
10.0000 Sweet C}over [dried blossoms and leaves];
15.0000 [Bearberry - dr;ed ba}k in admixture with dried bark
of sumac, spicebush and red willow and the fruit of
domestic crabapple];
flavour, fragrance teasy on nerves)
2.0000 Cubebs [dried unriped fruit];
3 oO00 Field Mint [dried leaves beore flowering];
2.0000 Frostwort [dried herb];
0.0005 Sage [dr;ed leaves];
0.0005 Woodruff [dried herb];
0.5000 Yellow Melilot [dried flowering herb];
0.0005 Rosemary
[dried aromatic leaves and dried flowering
top, should be used sparingly];
1.0030 Ginger ~dried rootstock];
l.oooo Dittany [dried leaves before blossom];
1.0000 Goldenrod [dried flower and leaves];
1.0000 L;corice [dried rootstock and dried leaves];
4.0000 Angelica [dried leaves];
1 00 . 000
By a variation thereof, the tobacco substitute for use as cigar
tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco is soaked in an aromatic alcohol,
e.g., rum, brandy, Scotch or rye or bourbon.
In preparing the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco,
pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco of aspects of this invention, the
~9~ 8
various ingredients in dried, comminuted Çorm arc thoroughly mixed. When
moistened, arter mixing, it has been found that the mixture can be
pressed into a coherent sheet having a thickness of 0.005 inch (the
average thickness of a dried tobacco leaf) and that such sheet will have
substantia]ly the same burning characteristics as those of the dried
tobacco leaf. To be used as tobacco for cigars or for a pipe, the sheet
is comminuted as is well known for a true tobacco leaf.
By various combinations oE moisture content and pressing pres-
sure, the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or
chewing tobacco of aspects of this invention can be formed into a sheet
of controlled burning characteristics. The burning rate is a function
of porosity, density, moisture content and organic material. It is
possible readily to control the density, moisture content and essential
and optional materials in subsequent processing.
When the product is to be used as a cigar binder or wrapper
leaf, it is preferred to pass the sheet material from the pressure forming
machine through heated embossing rollers and emboss the sheet with the
representation of a natural tobacco leaf. This can be done by photo-
graphing selected leaves and engraving with such designs, so that the
paper will be given the characteristic stem, veining and surface irregu-
larities of a natural leaf. Preferably, the design covers the entire
width and length of the sheet so that it may be cut into suitable pieces
without waste.
EXAMPLE
An Example of the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco,
pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco of an aspect of this invention is as
follows:
_ 16 -
Parts per 100
41. Pearly Everlasting (Anaphalis margaritocea) - The herb is used
to provide a fragrance - lilce hickory. It is easy on the throat.
This provides a product which can also be chewed.
7. Sunflower (llelianthus spp.) - The dried leaves were ~sed to provide
a good colour and fine texture. This can also provide use as
cigars.
11.4985 Coltsfoot- (Tussilago farfara) and Sweetcoltsfoot (Petasites
almota and spp.) - The dried and fine cut broad leaves are used.
I t provides good seasonings and is easy on the throat.
10. Sweet Clover (Melilotus spp - any of the wild clover species,
up to 200 species) - The dried blossoms and leaves were used to
provide flavour. It mixes well and easy on the throat and i5
good for chest troubles.
15. Bearberry - (Kinnikinnick, Arctostyphylos uva-ursi) - This dried
bark is mixed with dried sumac bark, spicebush and red willow bark
and/or with the fruit of the domestic crabapple. This provides
good flavour and fragrance and is easy on the nerves.
2. Cubebs (Piper cubiba) - The dried unriped fruit was
used to provide flavour and aroma.
3- Field mint (Mentha piperita) - The dried dry leaves before
flowering were used to provide aroma and flavour.
2. Frostwort (Rock-rose, Helianthemum Canadense) - The dried
herb was used to provide flavour. This is easy on the throat.
0.0005 Sage (Salvia officinalis) - The dried leaves were used to
provide a spring flavour.
0.0005 Woodruff (Asperula odorata~ - The dried herb was used to provide
an excellent fragrance.
0.5 Yellow melilot - (Melilotus officinalis - a member of the clover
family) - The driea ~lowering herb was used to provide flavour
and aroma.
0.0005 Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) - The dried aromatic
leaves and dried flowering top were used to provide aroma.
1.0 Ginger (Zingiber officinale) - The use dried rootstock was used
to provide a spicy flavour and aroma. This aids sore throats.
1.0 Dittany (Cunila Oreganoides a member of the mint family) -
The dried blossom comes was used
to provide fragrance. It can be used as chewing tobacco.
38
1.0 Goldenrod (Solidago spp.) - The dried flower and leaves were used
to provide fragrance.
l.0 licorice ~Glycyrrhiza glabra) - The drled rootstock and dried
]eaves were used to provide flavour. This mixes well and stores
well.
4.0 Angelica (Angelica alropurpured) - The dried leaves were ~sed
to provide fragrance and aroma. It mixes well.
I 00 . 000
It is noted that to simulate the taste, aroma and colour of a
natural tobacco product, the tobacco substitute for use as cigar tobacco,
pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco includes the above-described combination.
Thus, some of the above-mentioned classes of plants contribute to taste,
aroma or colour and some have a dual function, but it has been found that
the combination of all these classes iparts the characteristics of natural
cured tobacco.
It has been found that these tobacco substitutes for use as
cigar tobacco, pipe tobacco or chewing tobacco have a good natural
flavour and smoking characteristics siilar to tobacco without the
hazardous characteristics.
- 18 -
