Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
119~65S
663.001 ORBITAL TOOL ASSEMBLY FOR WORMING RIVET HEADS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Heretofore there has long existed the problem of forming heads
upon one or a plurality of rivets projecting through a pair of parts upon a support
to be secured together by tool or tools adapted to operatively engage the
unheaded rivets and for automatically peening the heads thereof in continuous
operation.
The Prior A_
Examples of prior art constructions for forming heads on rivets
are found in the following llnited States patents:
3,440,840 ' April 29, 1969 K. Friedrich
3,595,324 July 27, 1971 C. Guild
3,620,060 November 16, 1971 P. Ramseier
3,653,243 April 4, 1972 P. Ramseier
3,675,461 July 11, 1972 C. Berndt
3,703,823 November 28, 1972 G. Wilson
3,762,199 October 2, 1973 S. Yoshikawa
3,779,059 December 18, 1973 G. Mink
3,800,579 April 2, 1974 F. Breiter
3,899,909 August 19, 1975 V. Tarlmtaev
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An important feature of the present invention is the provision of
an orbital tool assembly for forming rivet heads which includes Q plurality of
peening tools reciprocally mounted upon B non-rotative driver so that upon a
rotati~e drive of the housing for the tool, the driver and the depending peening
tools are reciprocally rocked as a unit in a plane in operative registry with
unheeded rivets for forming heads thereon.
~976~S
i63.001 A further feature incorporates a power driven housing rotatableupon a first axis and having a bore therein extending along a second axis inclined
at an acute sngle to the first axis arld the mounting of an elongated equalizinghead having a longitudinal axis coincident with the second axis and nested and
retained within the housing with suitable bearings interposed. The head supportsa driver coaxially thereof which has a plurality of longitudinal bores parallel to
the second axis which are in communication with the pressure chamber within
the head, wherein a plurality of longitudinally reciprocal peening tool holders
and/or mounting peening tools are movably mounted in the driver bores and
normally biased outwardly of the driver for operative working engagement with
the unformed rivet heads.
A still further feature includes means for retaining the driver
against rotation wherein on continuous rotation of the housing the head, the
driver and peening tools are oscillated in a plane over the ends of the rivets
forming heads thereon.
Another feature incorporates an anti-rotation arm which is
secured to the driver for retaining the driver against rotation with respect to the
rotatable housing journalled thereon, with the housing rotating on a first axis and
wherein the head being mounted within the housing upon a second axis at an
acute angle to the first axis. The continuous rotation of the housing causes a
rocking action of the head within a single plane passing through the axes of thehousing and head, the anti-rotation arm being free for guided movements in the
rocking plane.
Other features will be seen from the following specification and
claims in conjunction with the appended drawings.
~76SS
l 663.û01 THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a vertical section of an orbital tool assembly in
accordance with the present invention adapted for attachment to the driven
member of a power tool fragmentarily shown.
Figure 2 is a fragmentary section taken in the direction of arrows
2-2 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a bottom plan view, partly sectioned, taken in the
direction of arrows 3-3 of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a fragmentary partly sectioned side elevational view of
the tool assembly shown in Figure 1 illustrating the head as oscillated in a single
plane from the position shown in Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a side elevational partly sectioned view of another
embodiment of the present invention,similar in certain respects to Figure 1,
illustrating the oscillating driver as mounting a series of peening tools directly
upon the driver thereby omitting the peening tool holders of Figure 1.
It will be understood that the above drawings illustrQte merely
preferred embodiments of the invention, and that other embodiments are
contemplated within the scope of the claims hereafter set forth.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
Referring to the drawings, Figures 1 through 4, the present orbital
tool assembly generally indicated at 11, Figure 1 is adapted for forming rivet
heads 129, the rivets R projecting through a pair of parts P1, P2 upon support
block 127 mounted upon a suitable support 125 fragmentarily shown.
~SS
663.001 Axial drive shaft 13, fragmentarily shown, depends from a powertool 15, fragmentarily shown, upon any suitable support such as support 125,
Figure 1 and includes an annular stop fhnge 17. The flange 17 bears against a
rotatable housing 23 and is connected thereto as by threads 21 or by a press fitfor 8 rotation in unison upon a first axis 25. The housing 23, cylindrical in form,
having axis of rotation 25, has formed therein counterbores 27~929 and 31 which
are spaced along a second axis 39 inclined at an acute angl8, four (4) degrees for
illustration, with respect to the first axis of rotation 25.
Elongated equalizing head 32 has a spindle 33 and upon one end
thereof shank 35 and upon its opposite end head portion 37 all arranged upon
second axis 39 at an acute angle to the first axis 25. This angle may range
between 3 and 8 degrees approximately. The head portion 37 defines with spindle
33 an intermediate radial and annular shoulder 41.
A radial bearing 43 bears against an internal shoulder within
housing 23 and cooperatively receives shank 35. Thrust bearing 45 bears against
an internal shoulder within housing 23 and cooperatively receives spindle 33 in
engagement with one side of shoulder 41. Thrust bearing 47 is nested within the
housing 23 and supportably bears against shoulder 41 of the equalizing head 32
and is retained within the housing 23 by snap ring 49.
The plurality of bearings 43, 45 and 47 are thus interposed
between the equalizing head 32 and the housing 23 which is rotatable with
respect to the head 32 upon the first axis as shown in Figure 1.
The cylindrical driver 51 at one end has an annular flange 53
defining the internal stop shoulder 54 which is coaxially mounted over the
depending end of head portion 37 with a suitable wring seal 57 interposed.
Driver 51 has a depending annular shank 59 coaxial with equalizing head 32 and
arranged upon the second axis 39, Figure 1.
1:~L9~65S
1663.001 The driver 51 has formed therein a plurality of longitudinal
parallel bores 61 which are parallel to the second axis 39 and terminate at their
inner ends in the counterbores 63 defining cylinders within the driver 51.
Equalizing heQd 32 has a central longitudinal bore defining pressure chamber 65,adapted to receive pressurized grease or oil as at 67. The chamber 65 is closed
at one end by the pressure fitting 87 and is opened at its other end as at 68 for
communication with the driver counterbores or cylinders 63.
A longitudinally reciprocal peening tool holder 69 is reciprocally
positioned within the respective driver bores 61 and at its inner end terminates in
the piston 71 mounting an O-ring seal 73 movable within the respective
counterbore or cylinder 63~ Each of the peening tool holders 69 hQs a
longitudinal bore 70 within which is axially projected the respective shank 77 of
the peening tool 75 adapted for reciprocal movements with peening tool holder
69.
The peening tools 75 ore arranged upon longitudinal axes which
are parallel to the second axis 39 which coincides with the longitudinal axis ofthe equalizing head 32 and the coaxial driver 51 connected thereto. The peening
tools 75 have at their ends the transverse work surfaces 79 adapted for
continuous operative compressive engagement with the respective shanks of the
rivets R forming the rivet heads, 129 Figure 1.
In the illustrative embodiment, elongated magnets 81 are snugly
nested within bores 69 and are in operative retaining registry with the respective
shank 77 of the peening tools 75 for further securing the tools 75 within holders
69. The respective longitudinal bores 70 within each of the holders 69 at their
piston ends have axial cone point plugs 83 closing off the bores 70 for
maintaining the pressurized grease or oil within the respective cylinders defined
by the counterbores 63 upon one side of the respective pistons 71.
~1976S~
663.001 A radial passage 84 is formed within driver 51 end is normally
sealed closed by the cone point Meed plug 85, figure 1. Breather chamber 88
extends radially into portions of the driver 51 in communication with the
~ounterbores 63 upon the far side of the respective pistons 71.
Anti-rotation arm 8g at one end has a transverse bore 93
therethrough terminating in the outwardly opening slot 91, Figure 3, defining a
pair of spaced anchors 92 which ure drawn together by the transverse fastener 95for securing the anti-rotation arm upon the end of the driver 51. Driver shank
59 projects through bore 93 and is retained against relative longitudinal
movement with respect to the anti-rotation arm by the snap ring 123, Figure 1.
I~pon the opposite end of the anti-rotation arm 89 are a pair of
laterally spaced bores 97, Figure 3, with a communicating transverse slot 99. A
pair of upright headed stop pins 101 project through the respective bores 97 andare secured therein by the central screw 1û3 and retained against longi$udinal
movement relative to arm 89 by snap ring 105.
Stop roll 107 is interposed between stop pins 101 as in Figures 1
and 2, and has a shank 109 which is threaded into one end of bracket 111 which
depends from the tool 15, fragmentarily shown in Figure 1. An elongated grease
passage 113 is formed with the anti-rotation arm 89 intermediate its ends and atone end terminates on the pressure fitting 115 udapted to receive grease under
pressure. Annular lubricating chambers 117 formed within the driver 51
outwardly of and concentric to its bores 61 intermediate the ends of the holders69 and are in communication with the grease passage 113 for providing sufficientlubrication for the continuous reciprocal movements of the peening tool holders
69.
A portion of the anti-rotation arm 89 adjacent one end has a
transverse aperture 119, Figure 3 providing access to grease fitting 115.
l~9~S~i
1663.001 In the illustrative embodiment upon a suitable support 125 there is
shownl for illustration, a support block 127 recessed to receive the heads of R
pair of rivets R which initially are unheaded and which, extend through
corresponding apertures within a pair of parts Pl, P2 which bear upon support
block la7. The rivets R initially unformed are operatively engaged by the
peening tools 75 at their work surfaces 79 and upon oscillating movements of thepeening tools within a single plane passing through the axes 25 and 39, cause the
rivets R to be peened over and hesded at 129, Figure 1.
Since the housing 23 is rotating upon the first axis 25, at an acute
angle with respect to the compensating head axis 39, and since the driver 51, isrestrained against rotary movement by the arm 89, continuous rotation of
housing 23 will cause a rocking action of the driver 51, including the peening
tools 75, in a plane which passes through axes 25 and 39. This is shown by the
arcuate peen path 131, Figure 1.
,
Since the equalizing head 32 is constrained against rotation, but is
arranged upon the second axis 39 with respect to the axis of rotation 25 of the
housing 23, upon such continuous rotation of housing 23, the head 32 and its
corresponding axis 39 will translate in a single plane from one extreme positionto one side of axis 25, Figure 1, to the other extreme position upon the opposite
side of axis 25, Figure 4.
Continuous rotation of housing 23 oscillates the head 32 and the
peening tools 75 in the same plane over the ends of the rivets R forming heads
129 thereon. The equalizing head 32, during rotation of the housing 23 is rocking
in a plane defined by axes 25 and 39. Accordingly, the respective pins 101 upon
the anti-rotation arm 89, being in operative engagement with the roll 107,
nevertheless are adapted for upward movements with respect to roll 107, as
shown in Figure 4, but in said single plane.
1~976SS
16B3.001 Since the respective cylinders 63 at the ends thereof defined by
the pistons 71 are in communication at all times with pressure chamber 65 as at
68, the pressure within the respective cylinders is at all times operating against
the respeetive pistons 71. This pressure normally biases pistons 71 and the
connected peening tools 75 continuously into operative engagement with rivets R
during the period thst the driver 51 is oscillated in the single plane defined by
axes 25 and 39.
Since the housing 23 is continuously rotating, the angular axis 39
is actually translating with respect to the stationary axis 25 so that in effectthere is a rocking action of the driver 51 and the corresponding peening tools 75
as shown at 131 with respect to the rivets R. Therefore, since there is a closedfluid or hydraulic circuit between the pressure chamber 65 and the respective
cylinders 63 upon one side of the pistons 71, if one of the pistons 71 QS shown at
at the right hand side in Figure 1 is retracted due to the position of the driver in
Figure 1, the additional fluid is transferred to the second cylinder continuously
biasing the adjacent peening tool 75 downwardly so as to at all times remain in
contact with the other rivet R. Therefore, with the pressure system employed
during the oscillating movements of the driver 51, the respective peening tools
are st all times maintained in contact with the respective rivets R with the
rocking occuring in a single plane which includes axes 25 and 39.
MODIFICATION
A modification is shown in Figure S which functions the same as
above described ex¢ept that herein, the driver 133 is modified to eliminate the
bores 61 adopted to receive the peening holders 69 in Figure 1. The driver 133
merely has the plurality of parallel bores 136 adapted to receive the parallel
spaaed coplanar peening tools 135. Each of the peening tools 135 at its inner end
has an enlarged head or piston 137 movable within the corresponding counterbore
139 formed within the driver 133 and in communication with pressure chamber
65.
\
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1663.001 The work engaging surfaces 141 of the respective peening too
135 are in direct engagement with the rivets R upon the support block 1~7
schematically shown in Figure 5.
The term fluid as used herein means an incompressible or semi-
compressible fluid such as heavy grease, hydraulic oil, water9 waxes9 glycol,
mercury, etc. It does not include any gas.
It should be appreciated that the work engaging surfaces 79 and
141 on the peening tools 75 and 135 respectively may have various configurationssuch as a flat end as illustrated, a conical end or a crowned end.
