COKE-FURNACE BLOCK

BLOC DE CHAUFFE POUR FOUR DE COKEFACTION

English Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Coke-furnace block particularly with regenerators
divided into two parts, for firing with strong and/or weak gas,
is characterized by having lower furnaces with unequal widths
in alternating sequence. Preferred embodiments include two
adjacent lower furnaces together having the same width as two
corresponding upper furnaces; having the center lines of the
lower furnaces align plumb with the center lines of oven cham-
bers situated above them; having the open chamber widths of two
adjacent regenerators relate to each other within the limits
1:1 up to the ratio of amounts of gas to air passing there-
through during operation; having the cross-sections of gas and
air channels in the furnace bottoms in the same relation to
each other as the amounts of gas and air passing therethrough;
and providing the regenerator checker-bricks in two adjacent
regenerators with equal or unequal specific heat exchange sur-
faces and/or free channel cross-sections.

Claims

WE CLAIM:
1. A coke-furnace block with regenerators divided
into two units respectively for gas and air, comprising an upper
section having upper furnaces composed of oven chambers with
heating walls disposed between said oven chambers and a lower
section composed of regenerators for heating up of gas and air
for said heating walls, said regenerators respectively for gas
and air having unequal widths in alternating sequence.

2. Coke-furnace block according to claim 1, wherein
each two adjacent regenerators together have the same width as
two upper furnaces.
3. Coke-furnace block according to claim 1, wherein
the center lines of said regenerators align plumb with the
center lines of oven chambers situated above said regenerators.

4. Coke-furnace block according to claim 1, wherein
the widths of two adjacent regenerators respectively for gas and
air are related to each other within the limits greater than 1:1
up to the ratio of amounts of gas and air which pass respec-
tively therethrough during operation.
5. Coke-furnace block according to claim 1, further
comprising a furnace bottom below said regenerators and provided
with a gas channel and an air channel, wherein the cross-
sections of said gas channel and said air channel in said
furnace bottom are in the same ratio to each other as the
amounts of gas and air which pass respectively therethrough
during operation.

6. Coke-furnace block according to claim 1, further
comprising checker-bricks lining the inside of or constituting
the structure of said regenerators, wherein said checker-bricks
in two adjacent regenerators are provided with equal specific
heat exchange surfaces.
7. Coke-furnace block according to claim 1, further
comprising checker-bricks lining the inside of or constituting
the structure of said regenerators wherein said checker-bricks
in two adjacent regenerators are provided with equal free
channel cross-sections.

8. Coke-furnace block according to claim 1, further
comprising checker-bricks lining the inside of or constituting
the structure of said regenerators, wherein said checker-bricks
in two adjacent regenerators are provided with unequal specific
heat exchange surfaces.
9. Coke-furnace block according to claim 1, further
comprising checker-bricks lining the inside of or constituting
the structure of said regenerators, wherein said checker-bricks
in two adjacent regenerators are provided with unequal free
channel cross-sections.

Description

lZ~6~1~
1 The invention concerns a coke-furnace block or bat-
tery, in particular with regenerators divided roughly into two
units each, for the firing with strong and/or weak gas.
With today's energy situation, so-called weak gas
(blast-furnace gas) produced for the firing of coke furnaces
even with very low heating value, for example about 3000 kJ/N/m3,
becomes more and more important. The desire becomes increasingly
one of economizing completely or partially on the previously
customary admixture of strong gas, even to a heating value ob-
tained by having equal amounts of gas and air flow through thefurnace. Accordingly, technologies will develop whereby such
blast-furnace waste gas will be used, with which the ratio
amount of gas to air differs essentially from 1:1. This im-
plies, in connection with the coking furnaces, a different load-
ing of adjacent regenerators for the heating up respectively
of gas and air.
It is therefore an object of the present invention
to employ such gas mixtures in coking-furnace blocks for the
undergrate firing, without having as a result that the effic-
iency of the heat exchange drops and, through a variability ofthe flowing amounts, that noteworthy pxessure differences occur
in the adjacent chambers or that a falling below the dew point
in the regenerators is able to take place. As is well known,
such problems with coking-furnace blocks having longitudinally
divided regenerators can be appropriately solved by displacing
the dividing walls which sever them into the gas compartments
and the air compartments.
According to the present invention, with coking-
furnace batteries having regenerators preferably divided in
half and upper furnaces with equal center-to-center spacing,

120~;9~0
1 such lower furnaces are usea which display in alternating se-
quence, unequal widths. (By "upper furnace" is understood the
parts between furnace bottom and top edge of the furnace cover,
and by "lower furnace" the parts between furnace bottom and
foundation.) With this arrangement, each two adjacent lower
furnaces together should have the same width as two upper furn-
aces. Moreover, the center lines of the lower furnaces (regener-
ators) should align plumb with the centerlines of the oven cham-
bers situated above. The dividing walls of the regenerators
should therewith in normal manner be built equally thick, while
the open widths of the regenerator chambers are unequal.
According to the present invention the ratio of open
chamber widths of two adjacent regenerators can be worked out in
proportion to the amounts of gas and air passing respectively
therethrough. In this case, with use of equivalent so-called
checker-brick or grid brick in both chambers, there results the
same regenerator efficiency and the same pressure conditions in
both neighboring regenerators. The ratio of open regenerator
chamber widths can be worked out though, even less than the ratio
of amounts of gas to air, although it should still be greater
than 1:1. In this case either slight differences with regard
to the regenerator efficiency and also small pressure difference
between adjacent chambers can occur with use of equivalent
checker-brick, or check-brick with differing specific heat ex-
change surfaces and/or corresponding free average cross-sections
should be used. In the latter case, one obtains, on the other
hand, that in both adjacent regenerators for the heating up of
gas or air, the regenerator efficiences are the same and no
pressure differences occur between both chambers.
The invention provides further that the gas and air

120~0
1 channel cross-sections in the furnace bottoms are in the same
relation to each other as the amounts of gas to air. Hereby it
should be prevented that through different pressure loss in the
canals retroactively different pressure conditions occur in ad-
jacent regenerators.
With use of an underburner system for the heating of
strong gas, the vertical gas conduits can be disposed centrical-
ly or also eccentrically in the regenerator dividing walls.
The novel features which are considered characteristic
for the invention are set forth in particular in the appended
claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construc-
tion and its method of operation, together with additional ob-
jects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the
following description of specific embodiments when read in con-
nection with the accompanying drawing.
The single FIGURE illustrates by way of example, a
part of a longitudinal section through a coking-furnace block
according to the present invention.
In the FIGURE, reference numerals 1 signify the oven
chambers, and 2 the heating walls lying therebtween, which to-
gether form the mentioned upper furnaces. The lower furnaces
are composed essentially of the regenerators and the bottom flues
located thereunder. ~s is evident from the FIGURE, regenerator
3 for air is of smaller width than regenerator 4 for gas accord-
ing to the present invention. Correspondingly, the bottom flues
5 for air are narrower than the bottom flues 6 for gas. The
dimensions are thereby so affected that two oven divisions a
display the same width as the air regenerator part b plus the
gas regenerator part c. The center lines of the regenerators
are aligned herewith with the center lines of the oven chambers

` lZ06~10
1 located above, while each second regenerator dividing wall is
displaced in relation to the heating wall disposed above it.
It will be understood that each of the elements
described above, or two or more together, may also find a use-
ful application in other types of heating arrangements differ-
ing from the types described above~
While the invention has been illustrated and described
as embodied in a coke-furnace block, it is not intended to be
limited to the details shown, since various modifications and
structural changes may be made without departing in any way from
the spirit of the present invention.
Without further analysis, the foregoing will so ful-
ly reveal the gist of the present invention that others can,
by applying current knowledge,l readily adapt it for various
applications without omitting features that, from the stand-
point of prior art, fairly constituted essential characteristics
of the generic or specific aspects of this invention.
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