Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
33'~
HAIR CONDITIONING COMPOSITIONS
CONTAINING VOLATILE SILICONE
DESCRIPTION
Technical Field
The present invention relates to hair
conditioning compositions, and more particularly to
hair conditioners which contain volatile silicones
and provide improved combing properties.
Background Art
- 10 Hair conditioning compos;tions, including
creme rinses, are will known in the art for improving
combing ease for wet and dry hair. These
compositions are typically aqueous emulsions which
contain a quaternary amine compound as the principal
conditioning agent. The quaternary
nitrogen-containing compound can be a polymeric
material having a plurality of quaternary nitrogen
atoms per molecule or a molecule having at least one
long carbon atom chain and an average of one
quaternary nitrogen atom per molecule.
UOS. Patent No. 3,993,744 to Cella et al.
discloses that cationic compounds, such as quaternary
nitrogen-containing compounds; and silicones can be
utilized in conjunction with perfluorinated compounds
in hair treatment compositions. The silicones
specifically disclosed by Cella et al. are
polyoxyethylene polymethyl siloxanes which are
presumed to be water-soluble or dispersible. Both
the quaternary nitrogen-containing compounds and
silicones disclosed are utilized in relatively small
amounts, e.g., at about 0.05 weight percent of the
composition.
igh molecular weight silicones having
viscosities greater Han about 100 centistokes at
3~ 25C. are also known to provide lubricity or sheen to
~L2~33~
various cosmetic preparations. This is shown in U.S.
Patents No. 2,942,008, No. 3,594,409, No. 3,824,303
and No. 4,014,995.
None of this art teaches or suggests that
the low molecular weight, low viscosity, volatile
silicones of the present invention would provide
improved combing and creaminess of the composition
when incorporated into hair conditioning
compositions.
Summ_~y~ e Invention
An improved hair conditioning composition
is disclosed which contains water and a quaternary
nitrogen-containing conditioning agent, with the
improvement comprising a polydimethyl cyclosiloxane
having an atmospheric boiling point of about 150C.
to about 250C. present at about 1 to about 4 weight
percent of the composition. A particularly preferred
hair conditioning compositlon is an emulsion of water
which includes about 1 Jo about 4 percent
polydimethyl cyclosiloxane having an atmospheric
boiling point of from about 150C. to about 250C.,
about 0.5 to about 5 percent of a qua~ernary
nitrogen-containing condi~iQning agent, about 0.5 to
about 10 percent of a long chain fatty alcohol having
about 11 to about 18 carbon atoms in its fatty chain,
and about 0.1 to about 2 percent of a tertiary
amidoamine; all of the percentages being based upon
the total weight of the composition. The tertiary
amidoamine is a compound having a structure
conforming to the formula
Rl-C(=o)NH-R2-N(R3)2 wherein Rl is a fatty
: chain having about 11 to about 17 carbon atoms, R2
is an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms and
each R is ethyl or methyl.
33~ :
It was unexpected that the low viscosity,
low molecular weight, volatile silicones useful
herein would provide either the improved overall
combing or the creamy on~hair feel provided by the
conditioning compositions of this invention. This
finding was unexpected since both a very volatile
silicone having a boiling point of about 100C. and a
high molecular weight, non-volatile silicone both
provided the hair with an oily feel and poorer
0 overall combing properties.
Disclosure of the Invention
The present invention relates to improved
hair conditioning compositions which contain water
- and a quaternary nitrogen-containing conditioning
agent. The improvement to these conditioning
compositions centers primarily around the use of from
about 1 to about 4 percent by weight of a volatile
silicone, i.e., a polydimethyl cyclosiloxane having a
boiling point of about 150C. to about 250C. These
compositions are preferably stable emulsions in which
water comprises the external phase, although composi-
tions containing phases which separate after standing
for more than about one hour are also useful herein.
The volatile silicones utilized in this
invention are water-insoluble cyclic compounds having
an average of about 3 to 6 -1O-Si(CH3)2]-
repeating group units per molecule and boil at
atmospheric pressure at from about 150CC. to about
250C. The polydimethyl cyclosiloxanes having an
average of about 4 to about 5 repeating units per
molecule, the tetramer and pentamer, are particularly
preferred.
The particularly preferred polydimethyl
cyclosiloxanes have boiling points at ambient
pressures in the range of about 170C. to about
~2~ff33~
220~C., and viscosities at 25C. of from about 2 to
about 6 centistokes. These materials are
commercially available under the designations
Silicone SF-1173 and Silicone SF-1202 from General
Electric, and Silicone 344 Fluid and Silicone 345
Fluid from Dow Corning Corporation, the tetramer
being listed first in each instance.
Yolatile silicones are preferably present
in the hair conditioning compositions of this inven-
tion at from about 1 to about weight percent of the
composition. More preferably, these polydimethyl
cyclosiloxanes are present at from about 1.5 to about
3 percent by weigh of the conditioning composition
Volatile silicones are said by one
manufacturer to be useful in various cosmetic
compositions such as antiperspirants, deodorants,
hair sprays, hair coloring and hair grooming
products, powder and color products and stick
products, and because of their low visc:osity and
20 surface tension provide a light silky feel on hair
and skin. These silicones, and a very volatile
silicone (hexamethyl disiloxane, boiling point =
100Co ) are also reported Jo be non-greasy but to
provide subtle lubrication. It has been unrecognized
in the hair conditioning arts that the
beforedescribed volatile silicones9 used in the
amounts described, would provide the overall combing
benefits which are observed herein.
In addition to water, which typically
constitutes at least about 80 weight percent of the
weight of the conditioning composition, and more
preferably about 90 weigh percent, and the volatile
silicone, the compositions of this invention also
contain at least a water-soluble or water-dispersible
quaternary nitrogen-containing conditioning agent. A
332
long chain fatty alcohol is also present in more
preferred compositions, and a tertiary amidoamine is
additionally present in particularly preferred
compositions.
The quaternary nitrogen-containing
conditioning agents are preferably present at from
about 0.5 to about S percent by weight of the
composition as an active ingredient. More
preferablyt the quaternary nitrogen-containing
conditioning agent is present at from about 2 to
about 3 weight percent, as an active ingredient.
Both polymeric quaternary
nitrogen-containing conditioning agents having a
plurality of quaternary nitrogen atoms per molecule,
and conditioning agents having one quaternary
nitrogen atom and at least one long carbon atom chain
per molecule are useful herein. Conditioning agents
having one quaternary nitrogen atom and at least one
long carbon atom chain containing from about 12 to
about 18 carbon atoms per molecule are preferred over
the polymeric materials because the polymers tend to
give the hair a greasier feel when wet than do the
lower molecular weight compounds.
The preferred class of conditioning agents
having one quaternary nitrogen atom and one long
chain having from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms
per molecule include a broad range of compounds.
However, the preferred individual conditioning agents
can be broadly divided into three sub-classes based
upon the structure of the groups bonded Jo the
quaternary nitrogen atom, i.e., (a) compounds having
one long carbon chain and three identical or
different short chain alkyl groups containing one or
two carbon atoms, (b) compounds having one long
carbon chain, one benzyl group and two identical or
i33~
different short chain alkyl groups having one or two
carbon atoms, and (c) compounds having two long
carbon chains and two identical or different short
chain alkyl groups having one or two carbon atoms.
The first of the above sub-classes can be
exemplified by compounds such as
cetyldimethylethylammonium bromide,
lauryltrimethylammonium chloride and
stearyltri12-hydr~xyethyl)ammonium chloride. These
compounds are given the 7 ess cumbersome names
Quaternium 17, Laurtrimonium chloride and
Quaternium-16, respectively, in the CTFA Cosmetic
Ingredient Dictionary, 2nd ed., 1977, published by
the Cosmetic Toiletry and Fragrance Association,
Inc., hereinafter referred to as the CTFA Dictionary.
Illustrative conditioning agents of the
second of the before-mentioned sub-classes include
stearyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and
lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride. These
conditioning agents are named Stearalkonium chloride
and lauralkonium chloride, respectively in the CTFA
Dictionary.
Illustrative conditioning agents of the
third of the before-mentioned sub-classes include
distearyldimethylammonium chloride and
dilauryldimethylammonium chloride. These compounds
are named Quaternium-5 and Quaternium-47,
respectively, in the CTFA Dictionary.
It is noted that the long carbon chain of
the beforQ-mentioned conditioning agents need not be
solely or primarily of one chain length, i.e., the
long chain need not be cetyl, myristyl, lauryl or
stearyl. Rather, conditioning agents whose long
carbon chain contains a mixture of lengths can be
used. Such conditioning agents are conveniently
~2~ 3~
prepared from naturally occurring materials, such as
tallow, coconut oil, soya oil and the like, or from
synthetically produced mixtures. Examples of
conditioning agents having mixed carbon chain lengths
include dimethyldi(hydrogenated tallow)ammonium
chloride, dialkyldimethylammonium chloride wherein
the alkyl group is a saturated group consisting
primarily of 16 carbon atoms and N-(soya
alkyl)-N,N,N- trimethylammonium chloride. These
conditioning agents are named Quaternium-18,
Quaternium-31 and Quaternium-9, respectively, in the
CTFA Dictionary.
Useful water-soluble or dispersible
polymeric conditioning agents include those prepared
from polydiallyldimethylammonium salts as is
described in U.S. Patents No. 3,288,770 and No.
3,412,091. These polymers can be prepared by
polymerizing diallyldimethylammonium chloride or
bromide, or other suitable diallyldimethylammonium
salts, using a free radical generating polymerization
catalyst, such as a peroxide or hydroperoxide, then
employing a suitable anion exchange resin. The
resulting polymers are polydiallyldimethylammonium
salts, such as polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride.
The homopolymer so produced has been given the name
Quaternium-40 in the CTFA DictionarY.
The copolymer formed using acrylamide and a
diallyldimethylammonium salt is also useful herein.
The CTFA Dictionary name for the
diallyldimethylammonium salt copolymerized with
acrylamide is Quaternium-41.
Both Quaternium-40 and Quaternium-41 are
commercially available under the respective
designations MERQUA~-100 and MERQUAT-550 from Merck &
Company, Inc. MERQUAT-100 is sold as a 40 weight
33~
percent aqueous solution of the polymer, and has a
Brookfield viscosity at 25C. in the range of about
8,000-12,000 centipoises (cps). MERQUAT-550 is sold
as an 8 weight percent aqueous solutin of polymer,
and has a Brookfield viscosity at 25C. in the range
of about 7,500-15,000 cps.
Another guaternary nitrogen-containing
polymer useful herein is a cationic guar. This
material has 3-trimethyl-ammonium-2-hydroxypropyl
groups bonded to the mannopyranosyl and
galactopyranosyl units which make up the guar chains;
chloride ion being the anion usually associated with
the polymer. The name adopted by the Cosmetic,
Toiletry and Fragance Association for this material,
although not appearing in the above CTFA DictionarY,
is Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. A suitable
cationic guar is supplied under the designation
COSMEDIA GUAR*C 261 by Henkel, Inc., while a similar
material is sold under the designation JAGUAR C-13-S
by Stein, Hall & Company, Inc.
A copolymer prepared from about 80 weight
percent N-vinyl pyrrolidone and about 20 weight
percent N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate,
quaternized wth dimethyl sulfate is also useful
herein. This material is named Quaternium-23 in the
CTF _Dictionary. Quaternium-23 is available from GAF
Corporation under the designation GAFQUAT-755 and
GAFQUAT* 7 3 4 .
Yet another polymeric conditioning agent
useful herein is a copolymer prepared from acrylamide
and N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, quaternized
with dimethyl sulfate. Viscosities of 1 weight
percent agueous solutions of these polymers typically
have Brookfield viscosities of about 35 to about
1200 cps.
- ,
,,, I
33~:
These copolymers are named in the CTFA
Dictionary as Quaternium-39, and are available under
the designation RETEN from Hercules, Inc.
Commercially available polymers include those
designated RETEN SPX*llQ4, SPX 1105 and SPX 1106.
Still another useful water-soluble
polymeric conditioning agent for use herein is a
quaternary nitrogen-containing hydroxyethyl cellulose
having a backbone chain of anhydroglucose units with
pendant substituent groups bearing a full positive
charge spaced along the anhydroglucose backbone. The
pendant substituent groups are spaced about the
anhydroglucose units along the chain, thereby making
the substituent groups themselves pendant and spaced
along the chain. These hydroxyethyl cellulose
derivatives contain a plurality of quaternary
nitrogen-containing groups with each anhydroglucose
unit having from zero Jo three quaternary
nitrogen-containing groups; and their preparation is
~0 described in United States Patent No. 3,472,840.
These cationicy hydroxyethyl cellulose
derivatives are named Quaternium 19 in the CTFA
Dictionarv, and are commercially available under the
designation POLYMER JR from the Union Carbide
Corporation. The presently available materials
include POLYMER JR-125, POLYMER JR-400 and POLYMER
JR-3OM~
Long chain fatty alcohols having from about
11 to about 18 carbon atoms in the chain can also be
constituents of the conditioning emulsions of this
invention. These alcohols can be used alone, or in
admixture with each other. When included in the
compositions, the alcohol is preferably present at
from about 0.5 to about 10 weight percent of the
composition, and more preferably at from about 2 to
about 5 weight percent.
~.33~
--10--
Lauryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, myristyl
alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and the like, and mixtures
thereof are contemplated herein. In addition,
mixtures of natural or synthetic fatty alcohols
having fatty chain lengths of from about 11 to about
18 carbons are also useful. Several such mixtures
are available commercially, and are exemplified by
the material containing a mixture of synthetic
alcohols with 12 Jo 15 carbons in the alkyl chain
sold under the designation Neodo~ 25 by Shell
Chemical Company, and the material containing a
mixture of synthetic alcohols with chain lengths of
12 to 16 carbons sold under the designation AlfoI
1216 Alcohol by Conoco Chemicals.
Fatty alcohols of the above discussed
carbon chain lengths which are ethoxylated to contain
an average of one or two moles of ethylene oxide per
mole of fatty alcshol can be used in place of the
fatty alcohols themselves. Examples of such useful
ethoxylated fatty acids include ethylene glycol cetyl
ether, polyoxyethylene (2) stearyl ether, and the
like; the exemplary compounds having CTFA DictionarY
names of Ceteth-l and Steareth-2, respectively.
A tertiary amidoamine can also be present
in the hair conditioning compositions of this
invention, and is present in particularly preferred
compositions at a soncentration of from about 0~1 to
about 2 weight percent of the composition, and more
preferably at from about 0.25 to about 1 weight
percent.
The tertiary amidoamines useful herein have
structures conforming to the formula
Rl-C(=o)NH-R2-N(R3)2 wherein Rl is a fatty
chain having about 11 to about 17 carbon atoms, R2
is an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms and
~2~3~
each R3 is ethyl or methyl. Exemplar, useful,
tertiary amidoamines include dimethylaminopropyl
stearamide, diethylaminoethyl ~tearamide and
dimethylaminopropyl myristamide~ The Rl group of
the tertiary amidoamines can also be prepared from
materials having differing chain lengths, and thus
the Rl group can be prepared from coconut, soya and
tallow ~a~ty acids, or the like.
The hair conditioning compositions of this
invention suitably are near neutral to slightly
acidic in pH value. Thus, the hair conditioners of
this invention preferably have pi values of from
about 4 to about 8, and more preferably from about
5.5 to about 6.5
Ingredients in addition to water and the
previously discussed ingredients can also be present
in the composition of this invention. These
: ingredients include, but are not limited to,
polyhydric alcohols, such as propylene glycol or
glycerine, hydroxyethylated fatty alcohols having
from about 12 Jo 13 carbon atoms in the Patty chain
and an average of about 15 to about 30 moles of
ethylene oxide added per mole of alcohol, inorganic
salts such as sodium or potassium chlorides, perfume,
colorants, preservatives and the like. Suitable
hydroxyethylated fatty alcohols include the
previously described fatty alcohols having from about
11 to 18 carbon atoms which contain the desired
amount of hydroxyethylation such as polyoxyethylene
(20) cetyl ether, polyoxye~hylene (30) stearyl ether,
polyoxyethylene (15) lauryl ether, the
polyoxyethylene glycol ether of synethic fatty
alcohols having about 11 to 15 carbons in the fatty
chain and an average of 20 moles of ethylene oxide
per mole of alcohol, and the polyethylene glycol
~2~33~
-12-
ether of fatty alcohols containing primarily cetyl
and ætearyl alcohol and an average of 20 moles of
ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol. These exemplary
hydroxyethylated fatty alcohols are given the
following CTFA Dictionary names, respectively:
Ceteth-20, ~eareth-30, Laureth-15, Pareth-15-20 and
Ceteareth 200
The invention is further illustrated by the
Examples which follow.
Example 1: Hair Conditioning Emulsion A
A hair conditioning compositisn according
to this invention was prepared having the ingredients
and amounts listed below.
Amounts
Ingredient (Weight percent)
1) Quaternium-31 3.3
; ~68% active)
2) Cetyl alcohol 3.25
3) volatile ~iliconel 2.0
4) Promulgen ~2 1.0
; 5) Dimethyaminopropyl 0~5
stearamide
6) Propylene glycol 0.5
7~ Perfume 0.4
8) Potassium chloride 0.3
9) Panthenol dl 0.1
10) Citric acid 0.1
11) Preservative soultion 0.2
(7 ppm active)
12) Deionized water ~.s. 100.00
A polydimethyl cyclosiloxane having a
boiling point of 176 C. sold under the designation
Silicone SF-1173 by General Electric was used.
~2~,33~
2 Promulgen G is the designation given
my Robinsnn-Wagner Company, Inc. for its mixture of
stearyl alcohol and Ceteareth-20. Ceteareth-20 i5
defined in the CT~A Dictionary as the polyethylene
glycol ether of Cetearyl alcohol that conforms
generally to the formula R(OCH2 CH2)n OH where
R represents a blend of cetyl and s~earyl radicals
and n has an average value of 20.
The conditioning emulsion was prepared by
addition of the citric acid, Quaternium-31, propylene
glycol and dimethylaminopropyl stearamide to the
water with agitation. The resulting admixture was
heated to a temperature of 145F. with continued
agitation. After a substantially homogeneous
admixture was achieved, cetyl alcohol and Promulgen G
were added with agitation, and the temperature oE Abe
new admixture was raised to 155F. Agitation at
155~F. was continued for 30 minutes and the
temperature of the mixture was lowered to 115F.
Potassium chloride was thereafter added with the
agitation continuing until a substantially uniform
admixture was obtained. Panthenol dl, the volatile
silicone, perfume oil and preservative solution were
then added with agitation. Agitation was continued
while allowing the emulsified hair conditioning
composition to cool to 90~F at which time the
composition was packaged.
Hair was treated with a composition of this
Example following usual conditioning product
evaluation methods. The composition provided the wet
hair with a creamy feel and good combing. Combing
studies example 3) indicated superior wet and dry
combing and detangling properties were imparted to
the hair by this composition.
~2~33~
Example 2: Hair Conditioning Emulsion B
A second emulsified hair conditioning
composition of this invention was prepared which
contained the ingredients and their amounts as are
listed below. This composition was prepared in a
manner substantially identical to the composition of
Example 1 with the following exceptions:
Stearolkonium chloride replaced Quaternium-31,
glycerine replaced propylene glycol,
diethylaminoethyl stearamide replaced
dimethylaminopropyl stearamide, Promulgen D replaced
Promulgen G, and panthenol dl was absent from the
composition.
:
~Z~33~
-15-
Amount
In~red~ent (Weiqht percent)
1) Stearalkonium chloride 10.5
~20 percent active)
2) Cetyl alcohol 3.25
3) Volatile siliconel 2
4) Promulgen D3
5) Glycerine
6) Diethylaminoethyl stearamide 0.5
7) Perfume Oil 0.4
8) Potassium chloride 0.2
9) Preservative solution 0.2
(7 ppm active)
10) Citric acid 0.08
11) Water q.s. 100.00
1 See Example 1.
3 Promulgen D is the designation given by
Robinson~Wagner O Inc. for its mixture of Cetearyl
alcohol and Ceteareth-20.
Hair was treated with the composition of
this Example. Evaluation of the treatment again
indicated a creamy consistency on wet hair and good
detangling and combing properties resulting from thè
use of this composition.
Comparative, Quantitative
Example 3: Combinq Studies
. _ . .
Comparative quantitative combing studies
were performed using an Instron Tensile Testing
apparatus adapted with a comb. Standard 6 inch
tresses of brown or bleached/waved hair (De Meo
Brothers; New York) were used for the
determinations. Measurements were taken of the
,-,'.1
,e ~9
~2~33~
-16-
maximum force or peak load to comb through the tress,
as well as of the total energy required to comb
through the tress. Of these measurements, the total
energy measurement is believed to provide a more
reliable indication of a composition's combing ease
or detangling ability because it provides a total
combing picture rather than just a portion.
In each determination, a standard amount of
conditioning composition in proportion to an amount
which would be used on a whole head was applied to
wet, freshly shampooed hair, allowed to remain in
contact with the hair for about 1 minute and then
rinsed from the hair with tap water. Wet combing
measurements were made directly after the rinsing
step, while dry combing measurements were made after
the hair had been equilibrated for about 15-24 hours
in a room kept at 72F. and 60 percent relative
humidity. The first combing stroke through each
tress is considered to be a measure of ease of
detangling, while a subsequent comb;ng stroke is
considered to measure the conditioning properties of
the com2osi~ion
The five compositions compared were as
follows:
A) A composition substantially like that
of Example 1, but containing water in place of the
volatile silicone, thereby simulating a commercially
available hair conditioner.
B) The composition of Example l;
C) The composition of Example 1 in which
the volatile silicone of that composition was
replaced with a volatile silicone having a boiling f
point of about 190-210C. sold under the designation
Silicone SF-1202 by General Electric;
3~2
-17-
D) The composition of Example 1 in which
the volatile silicone of that composition was
replaced by a non-volatile silicone
(polydimethylsiloxane) sold under the designation
5 - 5ilicone SF 96-50 by General Electric; and
E) The composition of Example 1 in which
the volatile silicone of what composition was
replaced by a very volatile silicone (hexamethyl
disiloxane, boiling point lOO~C.) sold under the
designation Q 2 1096 by Dow Corning.
A creamy feel was noted when Compositions B
and C, of this invention, were applied to wet hair.
Compositions containing the very volatile and
non-volatile silicones appeared and felt somewhat
oily on the wet hair.
The data from each measurement of total
energy or peak force required to comb through the
tresses were ranked on a scale of 1 through 5; the
number 1 being given to the lowest value and the
number 5 being given to the highest value. The
rankings were then summed over all of the eight
determinations made to obtain an overall picture of
the effectiveness of each composition. Thus, the
lowest overall sum reflects the composition providing
the best overall combing properties. the rankings
and Ranking Sums are listed in Tables 1 and 2 below
for total energy and peak force to comb, respectively.
- \
33Z
-18-
table 1
Ranking of
Total Energy to Comb
Brown Hair Bleached/Waved Hair
Wet Dry Wet Dry
Compo- Ranking
sition I* S** I S I S I S Sums
A 5 5 5 2 1 5 2 3 28
1 1 2 2 1 3 15
l C 4 4 1 5 4 4 1 1 24
D 2 3 4 3 5 2 5 2 2~
E 3 2 3 4 3 3 4 5 27
*I = initial combing stroke, related to ease of
detangling.
**S = subsequent combing ætroke, related to
conditioning.
; Table 2
: Ranking of
20Peak Force to Comb
Brown Hair Bleached/Waved Hair
Wet Dry Wet Dry
Compo- Ranking
sition I* S** I S I S I S Sums_
A 5 5 2 3 1 5 5 3 29
B 1 1 4 2 2 1 3 4 18
C 3 3 1 1 4 2 2 20
D 2 4 5 4 5 3 1 1 25
E 4 2 3 5 3 2 4 5 27
* and **, see Table 1.
Examination of the above Tables, and
particularly the Ranking Sums, demonstrates what the
compositions of this invention, B and C, provided
~2
33
--19--
easier over-all combing than any of the other
compositions studied. This superiority was found
when either total energy or peak force measurements
are examined.
Thus, one or the other of compositions B or
C was thy best in seven of the eight determinations
of the total energy measurements (Table 1). In
addition, hair treated with Compositions B or C
required the least peak force in five of the eight
determinations (Table 2).
The above results demonstrate the superior
and unexpected results achieved when the volatile
silicones of the invention are incorporated into hair
conditioning composition. The selected volatile
silicones useful herein provide superior detangling
and subsequent combing ease Jo wet and dry brown and
beached/waved hair compared to similar silicones
which are more or less volatile (Compositions E and
D, respectively), or when compared to a
~0 commercial-type conditioner which contained no
- silicone (Composition A). In addition, while use of
the non-cyclic, but otherwise similar silicones
produced oily looking and feeling conditioners, the
volatile silicones useful herein provided pleasant,
creamy compositions when placed on wet hair.
Further Comparative
Example 4: Quantitative Combing Studies
he efficacy of using volatile silicones in
hair conditioning preparations was further
demonstrated by a comparison of combing forces
between a first composition containing only deionized
water and a quaternary nitrogen conditioning agent
and a second composition of this invention containing
the same two ingredients with the addition of a
volatile silicone. The first composition contained
3~
-20-
3.3 weight percent Quaternium-31 (68% active)
dissolved in water. The second composition of this
invention contained the same amount of Quaternium-31
with 2 weight percent Silicone SF-1173 (Example 1)
replacing an equal amount of water.
Bleached/waved hair tresses were treated
with either of the two compositions as is described
in Example with comparisons being made for both wet
and dried, treated hair. Data for the peak force to
comb through the tresses for the average of the first
8iX strokes of the comb (detangling and subsequent
strokes) were analyzed using a Student's t testO The
reductions in force using the composition of this
invention were determined to be significant at at
least the 95 percent confidence level. These data
ore repor ted below in Table 3 .
Table 3
Peak Force (in grams)
Wet combing Dry combing
Force Force
Composition 1* 11.27 8.48
Composition 2** 7.55 6.01
Percent force
reduction*** 33 29
*Composition 1 contained only deionized water and
3.3 weight percent Qua~ernium-31 (68% active).
**Composition 2 contained deionized water 3.3
weight percent Quaternium-31 (68% active) and 2%
Silicone SF-1173 (Example l
***Percent force reduction was obtained by
subtracting the force obtained using Composition 2
from that using Composition 1, dividing the resulting
number by the force from using Composition 1 and
multiplying that number by 100.
3Z~
-21-
The above data and reductions in peak force
to comb through the tress amply illustrate the
efficacy of the instant invention.
The present invention has been described
with respect to the preferred embodiments of the
invention. It will be clear Jo those skilled in the
art that modifications and/or variations of the
compositions can be made without departing from the
scope of the invention set forth herein. The
invention i defined by the claims which follow.
