Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
2~Z3
~ ACKGRO~ND OF THE INVENTlON
This application is a divisional of Canadian applicatior
No. 426,846 filecl April 27, 1983.
Thi~ inventlon relate~ to improv~m~nt~ in portable ~pace
heater~ and component~ thereof whlch simpl~fy their a~embly,
lmprove their operat~on, efficiency and ~aEety in u8a and
rend~r them easier to ~ervlce and maintain. It~ features
are mo~t ~dvantageous in ~pplicatlon to oil burning ~pace
heatera and will be de~cribed in thi contaxt. However,
th18 i~ only for purpo~e of illu~tratlon and not by way o~
limlt~tion, either a~ to their appllcatlon or the form of
thelr embodiment.
The inventlon embodlments er~ characterized by one or
~orc o~ th~ ~ollowlng fe~tures:
a. ~ constructlon providing them wlth an improved
pattern of alr flow whlch, for a given 8iz~3 heatcr, l~ig-
nlfic~ntly incr~ases it~ heating capacity and thermal
output 3
~. An improved integral control ~y~tem and pl~ce-
ment thereof relative to the heater a~ r flow which min-
imlze8 the po~ibillty of electrical component ~nd
~y~ tem f ~ilure~ due to contamlnation or vlbr~tlon;
cO ~ olatlon of the integrated control sy~tem
rom the h~at oi~ combuct$on and the in3ullltlon thereo~ by
the coole~t portlon of the ~lr flow through the haate~1
~ '
~2,2Z~23 - 2
d. ~ ve~y ~lmply and 2conomically fabricat~d two
p~rt ~hell providlng ~ h~t~r ho~ing the con~igu~t~o~
~nd pl~c~nt of wh~ch w~th respect to it~ colllbu~tlon
Gh~sr ~ambly not only corltribut~ to ~ much lmproY~d
p~rformance but 8 con~truction o~ ~ heater en~llng the
a~embly of i~ part~ without need for lnto~ven~ng~ i
ga~qkets;
a. A ha~ter construction which 1~ unclutterad
providlnq easy ~cce~ to all of lt~ part~, whlch c~n
lU b~ ~rviced, m~nt~ln~d and o~f~ly operatsd l:y uu~klll~d
p~r~onal;
f. ~ ~o~ter the con~tructlon ~n~ a~r~ng~ent o~
whlch ~n~ quiclt~r, mo~e unl~orm and wldor apx~ad
0~ i.t3 d0veloped heat than heretofore po~slbl~ .
Th~ ~atur~o o~ ~ pr~sent invention onabl~ tabl~
oll burn~ng ~pac~ h~ater which ae comp~red to th~ prior
o~ ita ~ , nor~ of~ctlv~ in 11~;3 op~rt~ion ~nd ~
rsllabl~ ~nd ~fer in u~e. At the ~ 'cl~no an ~r~odi~nt
o tho ~nv~ntlon provid~ ho~t~ whlch i~ ea~y to ~rvlc~
~nd m~lnt~in by r~latlvely lnexpexienced and unsk~lled
~p~r~ons, th-relby glvlng the heater a long~r and mo~e
actory op~xatlnq life~
All ~1~ ~or~going ~r~ w~ to ns~do ar~d probl~
which ha~r~ b~on evldenced in thi~ mAnuf~cture and w~ O~r
prior ~rt h~ts~oO
Th~ ln~nts~r~ not awar~ of any prlor ~t whl4h 1
31LZ;~Z~ 3
speciEically pertinent to the particular features of construction
which represent the improvements of the present invention.
However, ~or the most pertinent prior art as to the basic
composition of a heater of -the type to which the invention is
applied, reference is made to U.S. Letters Patent Nos. 4,08~,642
and ~,313,417.
SUMMAR~ OF THE INVENTION:
-
According to the invention t~ere is provided a portablespace heater comprising a tubular housing ha~ing an inlet opening
at one end, a discharge opening at its opposite end, means
therein embodying a combustion chamber adjacent its discharge
opening, means for introduction of fuel -to and combustion thereof
within said chamber, means for directing a pressured flow of air
to said means embodying said combustion chamber and at least in
part to, through and from said housing by way of its discharge
opening, said air directing means being aligned with, upstream of
and spaced longitudinally Erom said means embodying said
combustion chamber, adjacent end portions of said air directing
means and said means embodying sa:id combustion cha~ber defining
the axial limits of a plenum chamber which is peripherally
bounded by the inner wall surface of a portion of the length of
said housing, other portions of th~ inner wall surface of said
housing being respectively positioned in a bounding relatively
closely spaced relation to said air directing means and said
means embodying said combustion chamber, said plenum chamber
being in communication with an entrance to a restricted flow path
defined by the spacing between said means embodying said
combustion chamber and that portion of the inner wall surface of
said housing which is in a bounding closely spaced relation
3Q thereto, said air directing means being operable to deliver a
pressured flow of air to said plenum chamber and from said plenum
chamber to and through said entrance to said restricted flow path
~ .
~ i ~- 3 -
to move over and long the length of the outer surface oE said
means embodying said combus-tion chamber to extract and carry heat
therefrom, means defining a restriction of said res-tricted flow
path downstream of the entrance thereto, intermediate and spaced
from the respective end por-tions of said path, said restricted
flow path as thus comprlsed being constructed and arranged -to
provide a reactive effect on air movlng from said plenum chamber
producing an above normal rate of flow of air from said plenum
chamber to said combustion chamber, under pressure, to provide
said hea-ter with a heatlng capacity which is substantially above
normal for its size.
A hea-ter per the present invention has a highly
improved though simple construction. ~ preferred embodiment
lncludes improvements which derive from the construction oE the
shell which defines the heater housing and its configuration and
arrangement in a very closely spaced relation to the outer
periphery of its combustion chamber assembly and its fan device
as it bounds a plenum chamber therebetween. The operation of the
fan device produces a relatively high velocity, substantially
uniformly maintained Elow of air into and about the combustion
chamber as well as an even higher velocity thin layered flow of
air peripheral to the discharge end of a portion of the
combustion chamber assembly which is throttled and deflected on
discharge to move directly into the discharge from the assembly
in a manner to modera-te and render more uniform the temperature
of the discharge from -the assembly and the combustion chamber
thereof and to accelerate and more widely and safely spread the
total discharge to a degree not heretofore possible using a prior
art heater of the same type and siæe.
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- 3(a) -
The bene~it~ of the inventlon include the developmen~ vf
pressure head in th~ plenum chamber of the heater the level
~d effect o~ whLch 18 to provlde ~t wlth a 6~gnlfican ly in-
crea~ed haating capacity.
A preferred heat~r ~hell per the lnvention 18 di~tingul~h~d
by it~ stepped cylindrical configuration and split const~uction
the matirlg parts of which have inte~rated portion~ which define
seal~ th~rebetween as they are s~3curecl togethf~r.
A furth~r feature o~ the lnvention i8 the int~:gration o~ a
lû ~otor ~Dtar'cing devic0, preferaL ly a po~ltive temparatu~l3
~03fflGlent ~s~l~'cor, the safcty con'crol circult and th~
~a~0ty clrcuit ~re~k~r of ths heatar on on~ ~mall ~ectlon
of lne~llat~r~g board whlch ~rve~ al~o as th~ t~3rmln~1 bo~rd
~o~ all heate~r conn~ction~. Per the preerred embocllment
'che~eof, thla lntaqr~t~d control ~ystem 1~ att~ched to tha
~x'u~rior of the he~ter hou~lng in proxlm~ ty to the coole~t
poa:tion s~ the Ylow of ~consl~ry ~ r lnduced to move to
and through th0 heAt~3X houalng to lt~ plenum ch~ber.
The control~ and ::~rcu~try embodied on the t~rm~nal
board ~r~ in fac~ ~n~ula~ced by ~he ~low through th~ he~r
houslng in an are~ of itB interior im~nsdiately of th~ moto~
and th~3 ~nterconnactad transformsr and fan. Th~ arrange~nt
1~ ~uch t~at only m~nor wiring conn~3ctions need ex~end betwe~n
the bo~rd and to the ign~tion and flam~ ~n~ing el~ent~ ~nd
oth~r operal:lng element~ required by the heaterO Rla~ult~ngly t~a
hs~t~r ho W ~ng ~nd its plenum chamber i~ ~ncluktered. A~ a ~on-
a~queno~, ~n u~e of ~h~ he~ter the~e i~ not only ~n avoid~nco o~
i~t~er~nca wlth ~econd~y air ~low but ~ ~uh~tantl~l r~d~ctlon
~2;~2~3
and ~ poselbl~ ellmin~tion of the lncid~nce of ~lectricell co~-
nt ~allure~ ~uch a~ occur ln the u~e of he~t~r wir~ng
hl~thod~ o~ ths prlox art when there io a cont~mln~ted air
~low or ~ro~ vibr~tlon inducad by ~r f low .
~ h~ ~ub~t$tu ion of a po~istor or positlve t~mper~t~e
cs~f~lcl~nt res~stor for ~ relay ln th~ ~t~rt~ng and con-
trol circuit of ~ heater per the invention ha~ the b~ne1t~
th~reof ~nhanc~d by it~ insulated location ~nd integration
3a ~boYe de~cribed.
OSh~r f0ature~ of thq lnvention wlll b~come ~el~-~vld~n~
from th~ following de~crlption of ~ pre~rred a~bodim0nt.
I~ la ~c~ordingly a prim~y objec~ of th~ wn~lon to
p~oY~d~ portablo ~pac~ he~t~ whlch ~ra oconomlcal and ~implo
lc~to, ~ and ~aintaln, mo~ ~f~lclent ~nd
~tl~acto~ u~ ~n~ ~body ~ tur~ ~daptablo to ~ ~ld~
r~ng~ o ~ppllcA~ion.
1~ f~r~h~r ob~ec~ o provid~ ~I con~txuction o~ al
~lo h~ate~ wlt~ ~n imp~roved ~r flow pat~n lns:~ea~lng
It~ h~atins~ o~pAclty ~nd render~n~ ~t cap21ble o~ ~nducing B
s~oro ~ectiv~ spr~d of its d~Y~310ped h~at which ~a~ ca~ed
to hav~ a ~or~ or~ly colltrollod ~nd sa~e~ l~v~l o~
to~p~r~ture thaLn h0re~tofor~ ~ound in t:he U81~ 0~ co~par~lo
hsa~ o~ ~ho prlor art.
Anothe~ ob~cg ~8 to provida for an l~p~ovod ~ d~m~nt
~nd dl~po~ on o~ ~ha c:ircui~ry, wlr~ n~ ~nd o sent~l con-
tr~l~ in ~ port~ p~ce heat~r.
~Z~3
:;
A furth~r object i~ to provide ~ better ~nd m~e reliablo
~t~rt~ ng ~y8 tem for a he~ter .
dd~t~on~l oh~ct ~ to prov~de port~l~s 3pace
hea~r~ wh~ch aro ~ er to ope3rate a~ well ~ onc po~sa~aing
adv~ntageou~a fe~ture~, he~ter parts and ~y~tesn~ ~nd the ~n-
herent meri~rlous characteri~tlcs such a~ herein de~cri~ed.
Wi~h the above and other lnc~dental ob~ect~ in view
q: wlll more fully appear in the ~pecification, the inventlon
lntg~nd~d to be protel::ted by I,ett:~r~ Patent consiu'c~ o~ th~
f ~- ure~Z og cor~ ructlon i the parts an~ combln~tion~ th~s~o~,
Z ~nd thZs rt~ode oP op~3rsZt~on as her~ Z~fter de~crlbod Zs~r 111U8
t~t~d l~a the ccomparlying drawing~Z, or th~ir ~ulv~lent~.
~0aring ~ta l~he ~ccomp~nylng d~wing~ whlch rev~l
00~ bl,lt not ~h~ only e~bod~m~3nt~ of the proaont ln~ontlor~,
p~r~p~ re Yi~ltW of a h~t~r p0sr th~ pa:~ont
lnv~n~ion ~
Flg. 2 i~ ~ ~ri~w o~ it~ lnlet ond, wi~h lt~ gull~d ~e-
æd J
Fig, 3 i~ a ~ld~ evatlon view tllereof;
~ly. 4 1~ ~ top vl~ r~0~r wlth ~he ~op hAl~ o~ lt~
- houoing ~movod ~
F~g. 5 ~ ~nZ ~xplododZ viow of the haa~r,
~lg . 6 i~ a ~r~gRtg~nta~ey d~tall vle~, ~ nZ cro~Z~ ~Zec~lclln
o~ th~ disch~Zrge end o~ the he,lat~r;
Fig. 7 1~ a p~rs~e:c~lve Yi3w of the ~ele~ablu plato
forming a ~ide wall po~tion 9f~ ~ch~ compar~ment hou~lng th~
integx~ted control ~y~t~m of ~he lnvention; and
Fig. ~ i~ a ~chematic illu~trating the wiring dlagxam
provid~d ln connectlorl with the inteyrated control ~y~tem
o~ the lnvention.
.~
Like part~ ar~ inclicated in similar characters of
ref~r~nce throughout the s~veral view~.
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P~EFERR~D E~BODIklENT OF THE INVENTION:
Referring to the drawings, the portable space h~ater
illustr~t~d includ~ a ilahall~w r0ctangular fu~l tank 10
having ~n 3xternal flangs 12 $n ~ msdial horLzontal plane
thor~of. The ~c~nk 10, ~he length of which i~ sub~tau~tially
grester than its width, may be aeated to a ground surface.
However, in thil3 case a U-shaped frame 14 ha~ ~egm~nts of
its leg portion~, intermediate itq end~, fixed to th~ under-
au~f~cu of the flange 12, at laterally aligned position~
alt~ng oppo~itl3 longitudinally ~xtending ~id~3s of tha tankO
Th~ resp~tlve end portior ~ of th~ frame rel3tlvely dlvergo
~8 thoy ~x~ be~nt downw~rdly f rom thu Slange 12 . Th~ b~o
of tho "U" ~6~at~ to grousld ~urf2ce amd he pro~6cted and~
o~ tho lag portlon~ o the "U" ~re b~idged by and conn~ct~d
to ~ 3h~ft 16 th~la outwa~dly pxo jected ~nd~ o~ which aach
~ount ~or rota~ion ~h~reon ~ wheel 18. The t~nk iB t~r~by
d r~d D~obile ~nd nx~ ted in ~paced ~levatQd relat~on to
de~lylllg grourld sur~ace.
To dl3~ 3t i3~ ~oYem~nt o the tank on the wheels 1~, ln
~m obviou~ m~lll8~ a ~cond l)-~hap~d fra~ ~lement ~û hA~ tho
p~o~o¢ted dxtr~mit~s 22 o~ its le~ ixed over th~ ~lang~
12 ~at th~ re~p~ctlvely oppDsit~ longitudinally extending
~id~ o~ tsnk 10 whl~e th~ r~ain~x iraclines upw~ dly
~nd r~arwaxdly ~ere~om ~o ollerlie that end po~tion of
tha ~r~ 14 ln~lud~ng th~ bridging por~ion o~ its U ~h~p~
wh~ch l~eat~ to the s~round ~ur~Eace. With thl~ ar~angema3lt
~:Z24~3
the b~idglng poxtlorl of th~ fran~ el~m~nt 20 i~ sub~tantially
el~v~t~d over th~ ~op ol~ the t~nk 10 a~d in an adj~cent
~paced xelatiorl to what may be conoid~red ~he rear end of
the tank. The opposite or front ~nd of the tark 10 i~
brldg~d by a third U-~haped franu3 ~lement 24 leg portion~
of whiLch at th~ir pro ject~3d extremitie~ are fixed to the
upper surface of the flange 1;~ at the re~pective longitudi-
nally ext~n~inc~ Rides o f th~ Lank whf le its bridging ~ortion
lo prs~ jecting outwardly f rom ~che f ront en~l o f the tank in
~c~d relation thereto~ Fra~ 24 th~reby pr~vids~ a p~o-
~cted bumper.
A p~ir of p~aripherally flanged plates 30 and 32 aro
ixod pe~ondicul~r to and t~an~versely o~ upper 6U~-
faco 26 o~ the t~nk 10, in longitudln~lly ~p~ced par~ll01
s-lation, withln ~he half of lt~ langth adj~ nt lt~ ~a~
ond. Plato 30 i8 ~ d~acent the rear end whil~ plate
32 i~ ~-t a loc~tlon ~d~cent the midpoint o~ the length
o~ he t~n)~. ~h~ nge~ on ~he pl~teo 30 ~n~l 32 ~L~e
dirgotly al~3nQd ZIB th9y project from their most adjacent
~ac~s. ~he uppe~r edges of the pl~te~ 30 and 32 have
ldentic~l dopr~ ona 29,cente~od with ref~snce to thei~:
~r~n~vE~r~ely ~x'cendinq 1~ nd relati~fely aligned. Tho
d~pr~ on~ 29 ~r~ forT~d on ~ r~d~us whlch i8 compl~ta~y
~o that of a portion of a length of ~ genll3rally cyllndric~l
tubul~r ~hell 5û for~ing the he~ter housing, a portion of
tAe botto~ of which ~eatA on and 1~ f~sten~d to the uppar
- 10
4Z3
~lang~ portlon~ of the E~l~t~s 30 ~d 32 irl the mount thqreof
~n c:onnected rel~ti4n ~o the tar~k 10. The longitudin~lly
l~p~c~d ~id~ edgH~ of the pl~te~ 30 and 32, which re8pectiv~1y
pooltion ~djacent th~ re~pactive longitudinally extending
8~d~ of the top ~ur~ce of thel tank 10, ar~ ~n each caQ,e
~l~o allgs~ed. Th~ ~ide edges of th~3 plat~s 30 ~nd 32 at
one 8itle of the tank are bridged and have connectecl thereto
a plate 38 the bottom edge of which seats to the top ~urface
0~ e t~ulk, the ~ide sdge portions of which overlap thc
~l~ge~ o~ e pl~tes to wh~ ch th~3y are appl~ed and a bont
oY~r Xlange ~t t~e upper ~xtromity of whlch overl~pa ~d~cent
e;~d ~o~tiona of ~h~ flangea~t ~h~ upp~x ~dg~ of tha plnteo
30 ~nd 32 to oxtend to and abut tha hoat~r hou~ing. A plate
~0 ~dontlc~l ~ th~ pl~e 38 i~ rly ~pplled to the
d~e~ ~nd ~l~ng~ oS the pl~t~s 30 ant 32 ~t the ~ids~
th~r~of oppos~t~ the plat~ 38. The pl~te ~a thereby completa~
~ rel~ltlvely cls~ed comp~rtmerlt 39 the base o~ which i- a
portion of the upp0r ~ur~c~ c~f th0 tank 10, t~le tran~Y~ ly
dl~ d long~ tudin~lly f~p~¢ed side~ of which ars provid~d
by th~ p~ ~teB 30 al~d 32, the ~op of which i~ provid~eld by
botto~ po~t~on o~ ~h~ housing 50 ~nd bent ov~ upper edgo
portio~ of the pl~lte~ 38 snd ~0 and t~e longitudinally
sxt~ndirl~ ~idga portions of wh~ ch are provided ~y th~ pl~
38 ænd ~0. ~he plate 40 i~ conn~sted by ~uick relea~e
fastener~ ~o prov1ds ready acce~ t9 the compartment 39.
Th~ a ~ingle perm~ellt r~ct~ngular opsning ~6 to thu
lZ224Z3
compartmen~ 39, ad j ace~t the plate 30, providesl ~n that
bottolo portion of the housing Sû wh~ch forms the top of
thu compartment. ~y virtue of its mount to the plate~ 30
and 32 t~e hou~lng SO is u~tabli~hed in a s~ace~l elevated
rl31atio~ to tha upper ~urEace o~ tank 10. Not~ ~houl~l
b~ madu of the fact that the housing 50 ha-q a length ~
~tantially corr~spondinq to that of the tank 10, within lts limit~.
The heater hou~ing SO i~ated to the saddle provided by
the plates 30 and 32 i~ a generally cylindrical tubula~ ~hell
h~vlAg a u~bstantially uniform wall thickne0s ancl inner ~nd
out~r wa~ll sur~ace~ 51 and 52 of complementary configu~tlon.
~h~a ~u~~a~ 51 bound~ a longitudinally ext~ncled pa~ag~ 54
opon to e~ch o~ it~ oppo~ite ends 56 and 58, which re~pectiv~ly
dsfin~ the inlet opening to ~nd the d~ ~charge opeJ-ir g ~E~om
pa3~Açl~ 540 'rhe ~3hell 50 h~ ~ slight r~di~l offs~t ~t
a ~olnt ln it~ ler gth more closely ad~cent it~ di~c:h~rg~
openin~ 5~ n it~ $nlet opening 56 proclucing in $ts inn~r
su~f~ce ~ n~rrow a~nular shoulder 60 ~cing the lnl~t 56.
A corre~pondingly opposite f~cing shoulder i~ ~ormed thereby
ln ~h~ ou~r l~ur~ac~ 52.
~hs diu~tet of the surface Sl ~ uniform f~om th~
3houlde~ 60 to ~ point 62 loc ted ln ~n inunediat~ly adjacent
~palcod r~lat~ on to it~ di~ch~rge openir g S~ and corr~pond~,
sub-t~tlally~ ~o the diamet~r o~ the radially innerm~st
limilt of the ~houlder 60. B~yond th~ point 62 the ài~ete~ o~
~urfD,ce 51 i8 sllgh~ly and ~radually reduced within the
- I 2
v~ry ~hort ~e~m~nt 6~ of lts length which hA~ 8 conically
conv~rgent conflgur~ion and terminate~ in a n~rrow ring
ahap~d l~p de~lnlng the opsnlng 50. The diameter of ~ur-
ac~ Sl 18 ~1180 ~ubst~ntially uni for~ ~rom the ~hould~r
64 ~o ~ po$n~ 66 ir~ length locatecl ln an i~ne~ t~
~d~cent spaced r~lation to it~ inl~t 56, but, her~
diameter corri3~pond~ to that of the radi~lly out0rmo~t
limlt of the shoulder 60. A very ~hort ~egment 6~ o the
langth o the surfac~ ~1 lrNnediat~ly follow~ng th~ po~nt
66 1~ conlc~lly cc~nverqent and llke the ~eq~ont 64 tq~rmln~t~s
~n ~ na~ow ring-shapod lip d~ining th~ inl~t op~ning S6.
In 'ch~ pra~er~æd embod~ment lllu~t~t~d ~bout 609~ of th~
l~ngth o~ p~ ge 5~ lie~ be~w~n ~h~ inlet 56 ~nd ~h~
ald~ 60 $u~d only ~bou~ 4~ of ~t5 len~th li~ b~woon
th~ ~hould~r 60 amd ~ha~ di~ch~go opening 58.
8h~11 50 ~OU80~ Cl co~bwtlo~ch~mbsr a~ bly 70 ~ln
~d~ nt lt~ dl~cb~rs~e op~ning 5IB., Th~3 a~ mbly 74 h~ as ~tl
out~r ol$~n~ a ~ubu~r hoat ~hla~ld 72 f ~ xod, by radi~l
~paaer~, tn concen~riG ~pac~d r~lation to th~ perlph6~al
2b wall ~1 o~ al hollow d~nclo~ur~ ~5 d~ining a 60~u~ lo~ ch~b~
7C. Th~ ~hlold 72 h~ 8 un~for~ di~tor ~nd ~ l~ns~th
~ppro~ahlng on~-h~lf th~ of t~l~ pa~s~ag~ 54,. The outs~-
~t ~nd ol! ~ hl~ld 72 i~ loc~ ln ~ tr~n~v~rs~
o~ h~ll 50 lncluding th~ polnt 62 ~nd lt~ lnn~ t
. ond lie~ ln ~ plane sub~taJlt~lly p~rall~ rO ~d to th~
r~a~ o~ thx pl~no of th~ ~houldo~ 60. Shell 50 al00 ~OU~I10111
thereln ~n a~embly 80 ~djacent to it~ inlet openlng 56 whlch
i~ aligned wlth ~n~ long~tudlnally ~pac~d from the A~embly
70. The ~ bly 80 compri~s~ a f~n 81 mo~t ad~acent the
~8embly 70, a motor 82 and a pump ~3, all mount~d to a
strap-like naddle a4. A tr~n~former ~5 i~ fixed to depend
~rom the bottom of the ~addle ~4.
The ~eri~heral wall 71 of the enclo~ure 75 is defin~d
by a tubular ~lement bridgad by a plate 8~ inset from it~
innermo~t end which correspond~ to the innermost end of ~he
~nclo~ure 75~ The pl~te 88 has a central spertur~ rimm~d
by a ~13nge projecting and convexging lnwardly o~ the co~-
bu~tlon chamber 76 to define lt~ i~let 77. To compl~t~
tha ~nclo4ure 75, ~d~acent and ~lightly inward from ita
out~r~o~t or oppo0~te end, the tubular ~lement providing th~
w~ brldgod by a ~urther plate 86 h~ving a cen ral
op~nlng ~7 theraln for diseh~rg0 from the combu~t~on chamber
76 whloh io in ~ xlal ~liqnment with the ~nl~t 77. Th~
op~nlng 87 i~ in eo~xl~l allgnment wi~h ~nd communicate~
wlth an outw~rdly conv~rgent cav~ty d~f~ned by a cone-shaped
plato 90 the b~ perlphex~l ~dg~ of which i8 ~paced el~g~tly
outw~d fro~ th~ plat~ 86 ~nd h~ a diameter nomewhat g~o~ter
tha~ th~t of the opening 87. The outar perlphexy o~ the
pla~o gO ad~e~t its b~e adg~ include~ a plurallty.of
clrc~r~ntlally and ~uldl~ntly ~p~ced rad~lly pxo-
~ected finger~ the~ pro~ected extremitie~ o~ which are fixed
to the ~nner surf~ce o~ the shield 72 inunedi~tely beyond th~
~z~
outer end o~ ~he periph~r~l w~ll 71 of the corr~bustlon
chamber 76. A3 90 mounted the plate 90 es~ntislly capa
the~ dl~ch~rg~ opRnirlg 87 to form wlth the c~ntr~1 portio~l
of the pl~te a6 ~n aftorburner chamber for ths heat~3r ~nd
deflning wlth the pla'ce 86, ~l~ghtly outward from th~ per-
lpheral b~undlng edcJe of the aperture 87, an ~nnula~ open-
lng from the sfterLurner chalr~er which provides for the
d~scharge from ~he combu~tion chamber to Y8 from the
a~t~r~urner ln a ~en~e lat~rally, to the space immedi~t~ly
1~ ~out tho no~e s:one p~ovid*d by the plate 90 wlthin thel
~hort ou'corn30~t ~nd portlon of th~ w~ll 71. A~r he~tod
ln th~ p~O~Ofl~ of combus~on ~n thel chan~er 76 will thu~
1DIaU~I ~ro~ a'~terburner in a mann~r to producs a ~wlrl~ng
~low the~o ~ ~bout and over th~ nose cone prov~d~d by the
coAlc~l plate 90 ~o exlt in ~ ~wirling ~ashion hrough th~
ral~tlvely proj~cted erld portion of the he~t ~hleld, ~n
th~ proc~ of whlch lt will be ~ntr~lned by and ~nter-
mlngl~d wl~c~ a rel~tively tubul~r l~y~r of air dir~ct~d
thrc~uqh ~nd dls~harglng from the ~p~ce b~tw~3en ~e h~t
~hlg~ld 72 And th~ w~ll 71, to be a~fect~d ther~by ill
manner to b~ ~urthsr de~cribed.
A burner h~d 93 flxed ln connsction wlth t~ plat~
B~ r~ou~tl~ and expo~e~ th~ dl~charge end o~ ~n ~plratinq
tom~lng nozsl~ a~s0mbly 94 to ~he combu~tion chamber
76 by way of lt~ ~nlet opening 77. The ~ 8~111bly 94 il~ 0~ con-
v~ntlonal a~u~e ~nd h~-3 ln connection therowith ~dapt~r~
I ~j
~ht3
95 ~nd ~ for the reapeatiYo conncction thereto of ~ lina
97 providlnq for 'che delivery of ~lr to the nc~zzle, under
pra~ur~, and ~ llne 98 for the del~very of fuel, under
`~ the ~n~luent:e of the alr dlr~cte~l to and through the noz~l~
by w~y of the ad~pter 95.
In the pref~rr~d e7rbodiment lllu~trated the ~hell 50 1
~ diametrically 8pli~ ~tructure comprised of two longitudi-
nAlly extendlng ~;eparate portions each ef generally hem~-
cyllndrlc~l conflguratlon and xeapectively providir~g a lower
10 portlon 100 and ~rl upper portlon 102 o~ t~e h~ter hou~ing.
~h~ dl~mQtxically opposlte edge~ of th~ low~r port~on 100,
tho bst~ o whlch 1B ~ixt3d to the saddle provld~d by tho
pl~t~ll 30 ~md 32, 1~ provld~d wlth outwardly dlrec'c0d co-
~` Iplan~r i~lang~ 104. E~ch 1~ng~ 1û4 19 provided wlth ~ ~erl2
of thr0e longltudlnally ~3p~ced, generally r~ctangul~L notche4
106, 108 srJd 110, the notche~ 106 be~ng ln ad~acent ~p3c~sd
tion to that ~nd of the p~rt 100 form~ng, ln p~rt, eh~
dl~ch~g~ opening 5~ ~nd th~ notche~ llO bei~g in ~ dj~c~3at
~p~ d rel~tlon to t~e inlet operling 56. q'h~ notche~ lOB
20 ~ locAt~d be~ween ~nd ir~ a ~ tanti~lly ~quidis'c~Jltly
31p~aod relat$on ~o the notch~o 106 and 108 ~ in ~ tr~n~ver~3
loc~tlon of tho ~h~311 50 ~pac~d in~nedi~t~ly to the ~ear o~ !
th3 plarl~ of th~ ~ohould~ar 60. Th~3 notch~ ~re l:h~r~by pro- i
vld~â in trAn~vors~ly ~llgned 1?&ir8- !
A poYt~on o~ length of eac~l flange lO~ Qxtend~r~g
f~om l~sadlately ~d~cer~t the notch 106 to immedlatsly ad-
~cll;n~ 1:h~ no~6:h lO~ 1~ o~f~et to fo~ o~ ~ts upp~
~urfaca a longitud~nally exter~ding rib lV7. A similarly
formed rib 109, aligned with the rib 107 extend~ longi-
tu~inally of the upper ~urface of ~ach flan~le 104 from
ilwTediat~ly adjacent its notch 10~ to ~Iruneciiately adjacent
the notch 110. Th~ rib 109, however, in each ca~e, i~
lnt~rrupted intermediate it~ length, adjacent the notch
108, by an aperture 111. ~clditional ~perture~ 111 are pro-
vided in each flange ad~acent its re~pectlve ~ndq. Where
s~ch aperture 111 i8 providecl, a zlp nu~ of a conventional
n~ture 1~ ~lip fit over the flange to overlie and und~rlle
th~ ~ and prnvida apeEtuxe~ thg3rein in alignJnent wlth
th~l ~per~ura 111 to whlch ~t ~pplie~.
Th6~ dl~metr~c~lly oppos$te edge~ o~ ~he upper po~tlon
102 c~ tlhe sh~ll 50 ~ra provld~3d wlgh int0g~1, coexten~iva,
c:o-plana~ o~Jtw~rdly dires:ted ~langas 112, each havlng th~r~ln
~ ~r~e~ o~ ~pertures 113 which are ~paced longitudtnally
thor~of pracl~ely in ac:c:ord~nce wltA the posltion and ~ptlC-
~ng o th~ ap~rture~ 111 isl the flang~s 104. Thi~ prsvlde~
th~t ~t the time the upp~r portion of the shell i~ placed
ove~ the lowor portion to complet~ ~d form it~ ~ener~lly cyl-
~ndrlcal cc~n~iguratlon the ~perture~ 113 and 111 will be c~lign~d
~o ~ ner~ m~y be ~pplled the~ethrough ~nd through the Zip
nut8 to cl~mp the upper ~nd lowex portion- o~ th~ shell
togsther, thereby to define tho hel~ter hc~u~lng ~nd the
pa~ago 54 ~8 previou~ly de~c:rib~d. Prlor to the ~uper-
posl~ion o~ th~ upper ~nd l~er por~ion~ of th~ ~hell-llk~
z~ l
hou~lng 50, the a~aembl.i~ 70 and ~0 ~re molmt~d to ~nd in a
pd~rtially n~ting relatl{:n to al~d apaced longitudinally of
the lcwor portlon 100. The ~hield 72 has bracket~ 7~ in
Gonnectlon thsrewith ~nd projected ~diallyoutward ther~from
in laterally ~l$gned p~ir~ whlch are longitudlnally spac~d.
Th~ outer ends of the br~ckets 7 3 hav0 right angled dependent
extremities giving them a hook~ ic corfigurat~on. The
as~ernbly 70 is drop fit to the lowex po~tion 100 of the 8h~11
!J
~y h~ving th~ outw~rdly projected portion~ of its brackots 73
r~ 10 overli~ the fl~nges 10~ at ths location of their notche~ 106~nd 10~ ~nd thoir p~o~octed extrom~tie~ d~p~nd w~thin ~nd
brldqe the lc:~ngitudinally sE~aced edg~ o~ the~e notche~.
~h-3 a~emibly 70 i~ thereby not only posltion~3d in a p~rt~ally
~: nost~d ~el~tlon to the hou~ing poxtion 100 but restra~nod
~roffl ~oYoment ln ~ direct~on axl~lly ~nd longltiadinally th~eof.
. The ~trap-liJce ~ddle menb~r 84 is a r~latively narrow,
longltudln~lly ext~nded, gener~lly rectangul~r strip of ~t~l,
dop~s~ed at a central portion o~ ite length to fo~n th6~reiT~
~ pocket 114 including sid~ walls 116 which are u~wardly and
outwardly diver~ent ~rom its base 11~. The ~ide wall~ are
r~sp~ctiYely provld~d with laterlll exten~ion~ o~ th61lr uppo~
edgo3 by short co-pla~ar ~trap port~ons 120 which h~ve hoo)~
llke sxtresni~ie~ 122 re~emblirlg ~hose of th0 brackets 73.
A~ wlll be ~lan, th~ a~ddle 8~ m~y be pos~oned tr~n~v~r~ly
of tho lower h~lf 100 of th~ howl ng 50 at the loc:~tion o~
th~ notches 110 a~d hs~vs the hook-l~ke extr3mities 1~2 thar~o~
~2~ , g
~3
overll~ the flanges 104 ~nd drop into the notche~ 110, the
longltudlnally ~paced edges o~ which they bridge. The b~e
118 of tile poclce~ 114 ha~ two ~perture~ which in the mount
o~ the ~trap are dllgnsd in a dlrectlon longitud~nally of
the houe~ng 50 and c:*ntered between ~nd ln a plane below
~r~d par~llel to ths~ plane of the flange~3 10~. Prior to ~he
~ppllcation of the 6trap 104 to the ~ortion 100 of the hous-
ing, the apertures in the `Dase 118 of the pocket 114
recelve the~ethrough a p~ir o~ longieudillally ~paced mo~nt~
iny ~tud~ pro~ected from th~ ~ottom of the housing of the
mo~ Nut~ ~ult~bly spplled 'co th~ motor mount~ng stud~
oerv61 to e~tablioh ~ fixed relation o~ ~h~ motor to the
tr~p, cent~red betwe~n lt8 en~ whlch a~e ~d~pted to be
drop ~ o th~ fl~nge~s 104~ One end of th~ motor drlve
~h~t ~3 Axlally ext~nded to mount the fan devlce 81 in
~lxed ~elat~on to it~ proj2cted extremlty ~nd for rotatior
therewith. Thu oppo~ito ond o the motor drlv~ sha~t,
whlch posltlon~ t ~d~cent ths inlet Sh, ~ axlally
pxo~ect~d ~ mount t~e rotor o~ the ~ir pump 83 th~ housing
o~ whlch 1~ flxadly rel~ted to ~ djacent end o~ tho motor
hou~ing- Slnce th~ ~an devlce 81 ~nd ~he ~ir pwnp or com-
prasl~or 83 1~ o~ ~ known and corlv~ntion~l nature ~ the d~-
thereo~ neod not be further de~cribed. Once the
a~Jombly o~ the m~tor, an ~d pump il!?~ ~ix~d to the saddl~
~4, tha tran~former 8S ia fixed to depend from i~B ba~e
118~ On th~ drop flt of tha strap 8~ and a~0smbly of
i
- 19
element~ which mount thoreon to the bottom ~ortion of th~
~hell-l~ke hou~ng 50, ha de~endent extremity of the tr~n~-
~o~r 85 will ba located to di~o~e withln ~d ln spaced
tion to ~he bounding edge of the openlng 46 in ~he
bottom of ~he hou~ing and project, to a llmited de~Jree~
into the comi~artment 3~.
~ ounted in connactiorl with the burn~r head 93 and p~o-
jacted to ~ locatlon adjacent the di~cha~g~ ~nd of the no2zl~
a9YemUly 94 13 a ~pa~k pluq 124. Y~ounted in connecticn wlth the
pl~te 88 1~ ~ fl~me s~nsing desrica 126 which i8 expo~ed ~o the
~nto~lo~ o ehe combustion ch~mber 76, ~n a s~le~ v~w o~ any
o that m~y be dev~loped thereln on i.gnltlon o~ th0 ~:1r
~nd ~u~l mlxtur~ whlch i~ dlscharged from the no~ a~e~bly 94
ill the op~r~l~lon o f the hea'cer,
At'c~ntion 1B directed to the fact th~t both th~ ~lr
d~livery lln0 97 ~nd the fuel line 9~ ar~ directed downwardly
~xom the noz~ dlately of ths ~nne~ 3t end o~ ~h~
combu~tion cha~ber a~embly to exl~ from the p~age 5~3
th~ough ~ pair o apE3rtures ln the bottom of th~ ~he~ll 50
dixectly below the ~d~pter~ 95 ~nd 96 ~nd thexea~ter p~
~xtsrio~ 'co ~e ~hell, into and thrs:)ugh ~n area o~ the C9lll-
p~rt~nent 39. me alr delive~ lin~ 97 re-en~Rr~ p~ aq~
5~ th~ough an ~pe~t~re ~n ~ha bot~com o~ the hou~ing l~dl-
t~ly o~ the 8trap 8~ ~o cor~n,lact at it~ ~nd r~mote l~rom ~h~
adapter 95 ~o ~n ad~p~er de~inlng the outle~ ~or ~lr wad~r
pr~s~ur~ cr~at~ ln ~nd doli~ red frs~m the pump 83 ~n tho
- ~o
operation o~ the h~3ater. A portlon of the fu01 llne 98, ~ te
fsom the nozzle, wlthin the compartment 39, connect~ to on~3 and
o a fuel ~leer 12~, to th~3 opposite end of wh~ch 1~ conn~ctsd
a contlnuatlon of th~ line 98 ln th~ ~o~ of ~ dip tub~ having
by whlch lt 1~ plug flt ln an openlng prDYided in th~ top
ag ~che tank lO wlthirl the comp~rtment 39, ~mmediately ~dj~cen~
e plat~ 32 and clo~ely ad~acent the inner side of the rel0~s-
able plate 40. ~ suitably capE)ed flller op~nlng for th~ tank lO
1~ loca~ed irnm~diately forw~rd of th~ outermo~t ~ide of the plste
3~.
On~ urth~r element ~pplled to the low~r po~tion lOO o~
sboll 50 prlox to t~e auperpoa~tion and clampln~ th~eto o~ tho
uppor ps~rtion 102 lo ~ grlll elem~n'c 129 h~vlng A Ci~C:U3.11~a: oute~
~i~ 130 fo~d on a wll ~orm rad~u~ compl~m~n~ary ~o th~ bound~ng
~ad5J6l o~ nl~t ~penlr~g 56 qha rim 130 lnclud~ d~a~t~lc~lly
opps~ , co~-pl~na~ outw~dly pro~ect~d e~r~ 132. In ~ appll
c~t~on ol! ~h~ grlll ele~nt 129 th~ low~r h~l ~h~r~o~ poo~tlon~
ln the lower por~clon o~ 'ch~ ~ell 50 to ne~t within the
~oundlng ~dge o~ the lnle~ opening 56 ~ the e~rs 132 ~ea~ to
dl~'c~i¢~lly oppo~lt~ upper ~urf~c~ portlon~ o~ lan~e~ lOq .
Th~ oars 132 aro ~o ~pplied a~ ~o nest be'cw~erl th~ ~lde~ o~
ip nut~ on ~e ~l~g~ lOq ~8t ad~a¢~ant #I-a op~ng 56
and ~m~ egmen~ of ~h~ ng~a 10~ whlch ar~ pa:o~ect~d
upwaYdly and outw~ 1y th~xk~rom.
With ~h~ low~r portlon 100 o~ ths ~hell~llke hou-ing
Sû unt~d to the ~addle provide~ by the plat~ 30 and 32
And w~th the ~s~liLos 70 ~nd 80 fi~ to ~he lower po~tion
o ~ho hou~ing 2~ d~cr~d, tog~thor with th~ 12~,
.
g.;Z3
the upper portlon 102 of the houQln~ is th~n applied. Note
that the dlametrlcAlly opp~lte co-planar flange~ 112 ~re
not only devold of notche~ but they have perpend~cularly
relat~d integral ~lange~ dependent from and coexten~ive with
: their remote longitudin~lly extending ~lde edges. As th~
por~lon 102 of the housin~ i~ plaoed over the portion 100,
to ~nclo~e the previou~ly d~scri~ed as~emblie~ 70 and ~0 ~nd
qrill 129, the flanges 112 ara superposed on and abutted to
the rlb~ 107 ~nd 109 projected upwardly from the flange~
lOi, the overlying ~nd portion of the bracket~ 73, the æip
~: nuts applled to th~ flange~ 104, the extremiti~s of th~ strap
8~ and tha ~r~ 1~2 o~ the grill 129. At the ~ame time the
depende~t outer edge portions o th~ flange~ 112 di~pose
lmmod~ately outw~rd of ~n~ in immediately conflnlng ~d~cent
tion to the l~t~r~lly pro~cted outex adqes of the
flange~ 104. A ~cr~ws are applied through the allgned
~porture~ nd 113 ~nd the 8ip nut~, flanyes 104-and
112 ~nd the part~ therebstween, a6 w~ll a~ the part~ of
the sh~ like hou~lng ~r~ ~rmly clamped together. In
th~ proc~ss ~he intermedl~te pro~acted r~bs on the ~l~nge~
lQ4 in~ure ~ 3~al b~tween th~ hou~ing parts and b~w~n the
superpo~d flange~ w~ich lnhibit th3 108~ of air pa~01ng
through the interlor and the length of the hou~ing unde~
e in1u~nc~ of the fan device.
A~ ths houaing 50 i8 complated, the fan device ~1 has
its outer p~pheral adge ~n clo~ely ~paced rel~t~on to
~ th~ inner w~ urface 51 o f the hou~ing 50.
- Thu~, a~ the an 81 rotat~, it define~ a plenum
ch~mb~r 136 b~tween it and the adjacent end of the as~mbly
70 from which there are ~hree outlets. Th~ fan 81 defin~s
th~ l~mlted ~nlet to the planum chamber with the ~ounding
portlon of the surface 51. ~ne outlet from the plenum
chamber i~ prov1d~d by thc inlet 77 to the combustion
chamber 16 which i~ communicated wlth the ~ num chamber
by way of epqnings in the ~urn~r head 93~ A second outlet
~om thlæ chamber i~ provided by the ~nnular pa~sage de~ned
b~tween th~ perlpher~l wall 71 of th~ combu~tion chambar and
~he lnner wall ~urf~ce of the ~hleld 72. A third highly re-
~trlGt~d ~nd thro~tled ou~let from th~ plenum chamber i~
p~o~ldod by th~ re~trictsd ~low path defined between the
shi~ld 72 and the bo~ding port~on of the l~ngth of tha
- ln~ar wall aur~cs 51 of ~hQ hou~ing 50.
Tho ~houldar 60 ormed ln th~ 0urface 51 i8 between
th~ 0nd8 of the length of the po~t~on thereof ~oundlng the
co~bu~tion chnmber a~embly 70 but relatively clo~e tD it~
lnnermo~t end. Therefor~, a shvrt l~ng~h o~ th~ flow path
b~twaon the ~hi~l~ 72 ~nd the wall ~ur~ao~ 51, at $t~ en-
trance end, ha~ an unnular cro8~ sec~ion the radi~l w~dth
of whlch i~ rel~tively l~ger than that of the cros~ ~ection
o~ ~he flow p~th ou~wardly of ~h~ ~houldar 60, in She dl-
~octlon o~ the di~charge oponing 56, th~ l~tt~r of which
acco~od~te3 the flow tharethrough of only ~ very thln layer
29~
A~ the ~n Bl 18 en0rgi 2ed and d~lven by the motor ~2
in op~ra'clf:n o th~a h~ater, lt draw0 air to th~ p~ssage 5~
throuqh the grill 129 by w~y of th~ inlet open~ng 56. ~hls
alr ls mov~d by the f~n ovar and around the pump 83, ~cor
82 and transformer a5, as well as th~ eaddle 84, up3tre~m
thereof. Thi~ up~tream air wlll b~ relatively cool and
118 it flows it will move ov~r the openlng 46 to the
compar~ent 39. F~om the fan 81 th~3 alr 1~ drl-,ren unde~
pr~ure to ~111 the plenum chamber 136 and develc~p
th0~in a pr~ure head. An ou~er perlphe~al l~yor o~
th~ p~es~ur~d ~low D~ air p~oduced by operatlon o thk~
n w~ll b~ fo~c~d from the pl~num ch~mber 1AtO the re-
t~icted entr~nco ~nd o~ th~t ~low pa~ge deflned be~w~on
th~ ~`nifald 72 ~snd the bounding po~glon o~ th~ ouxY~ce 51
o~ the hou~ing 50. Wit~ln the sntr~nce ~nd o~ th~ flow
path or p~ssage betw~en th~ Qhleld 72 ~nd th~ ~urface 51
~ outer l~y~ o~ dlr~c~ed So ~Lnd ~rom ~he pl~num
ch~ x will encount~r ~rld be r~tr~ctad by th~ annul~l~
~houlder 60, ~ esul'c o~ wh~ch ~he downætx~a~ portlon
o~ the ~low pAth b~ltwo~n the ~hleld and the ~u~face 51 1
even ~rl3 4~vor~Dly r~strict~d to th~ d~cha~ge erld o~ ~
shlold. Thus, wlthin t~3 ~nnular pa~age beitw~n th~ sh~ld
72 and ~he hou~ g and be~yond th~ ~ntrance ~nd ~o tl ~ pas~aSJe
d~ d ~er~by, ~h~ flow of alr ~hrough thi~ paA~alg~
r~dl~ced to ~ v~y thin l~yer th~xeof and snove~ ~t a ve~y
- 2~
2'~%3
high veloclty. Due to the thinne~s of this layer it ~erve~
totally to plek up and to wlthdraw he~t fxom the ~hield 72
~nd the combu0tlon ch~mber which it bo~nd~. As this hlgh
valocity thln layered flow reache~ the ~l~ne of the outer
end of the a~embly 70~ including the point 62, it encounters
tho ~hort, 3harl~1y ~ngled, annular convergent ~egme~t 64 of
the length of the ~urface Sl which i~ immedlat~ly of the
dl~charge openlng 58. By virtue of its rad~al limits and
lt~ incllnation ~he segment 64 18 in an vverlying relatively
ob~t~ucting relatlon to the flow exlting from betw~en tha
~hie~d ~nd the ~ur~c3 51. In fAct, the downstream end
o~ the ~egm~nt 64 po3ition~ only slightly outward o~ and
~ub~t~ntially ln line wi~h the outermo~t end of ~he ~htald
72 ~nd de1ne0 th~rewlth ~n exlt ror thl~ hlgh veloclty
pr0s~ured ~low fro~ between the outcr surface of the
ohi~ld ~nd the 3urface 51 the cro~ sectlonal ~rea of
whlch i~ th~n that deflned between the ~hleld ~nd
'ch~ ~ur~o.ce 51 ~d~cent the dlsch~rge end of th~ ~hield.
A~ ~ result, there 1~ a nozzle-like di~charge passage pro-
vldod for the~ ~lr p~ing from betw0en the shleld and the
hou31ng whlch produce3 a de~lacted hlghly acceler~lted
~o~e~nt of the exltlng air at ~nd acro~s the outer end
o~ th~ 4~mbly 70. Th~s re~triction and throttllng o
the i~low pas~lng betw~len th~ 3hield and the ~urface 51
produce~ withln tho plenum ch~mber 136 a re~l3ctq~d back
prea~ur~ d ~ ~lgni~ic~nt increase in at~tic pre~sura
th~rein over ~hat whic~l would L~ provided in a conven~ic>nal
heater . There ~ ~ found to ~R, afi a resul t thereof, a su~>-
stantlal increa~e in and a hlgh~r veloclty of the flow of
~ fLr from the plenum ch~mber into the combu~tion chamber by
way of openin(3~ in the burner head and the inlet 77 a~ well
hiqher veloci ty ~)re~sured flow of air ~etw~n ths wall
71 of the coml)u~ tion ~h.lmber and the shield 72 . The velocity
of the flow of air produc~ etW~~n th~ w~ll 71 and ~he shield
re~ul~s ir a rapld drawing of h~at of combustlon from th~
wall 71. Mo~t importantly, the significant increase in the
veloclty of tho pre~ured flow of alr to th~ combu~tion
ch~unb~r ~nd the quantlty tharsof enable~ th~t one m~y ln-
or~a~e the ~low o~ fuel to the combu~tlon cham~er 76 and
cs~ Mpondingly lncrea~e the he~t produclzlg capability of
th0 he~ter. q~hua, elgnificant improvements in ~unctlon ~nd
ef1ciency ar~ fowld ln the oparation of the heatex pur the
presont lnv0ntlon wh$ch aro not found ~nd have not been ~x-
hlbited in prlox ~rt heater~ of the ~3me type.
The compositlon of the above d~D~cribed air ~low p~ttern
2 0 produced ln ~ he~te~r ~uch a8 here 11 lu8 trated provlde~ Shat
th~ out~rmo~t l~yer of the alr wh$ch ~xlt~ f20m batws~n ths
down6ltr~Am and o~ tha uegm~nt 64 of the surface 51 and th~
he~t ohleld 72 wlll dxlve lnwardly o the cem~er o the
di~charg0 rom the combu~tion chamber a8~embly isrunediat~3~y
o~ the outer end of the haat ~hl~ld ~nd eng~ge ln a swi~
ing lntermlngling ~low therewith in moving in an acutely
.~ !
- 26
incllnad path, ~ ~ re~3ult of which ther~ l~ a moderating
c~ the ta~perature of the flow dir~ctly at the combu~tinn
ch~mber ~ mbly and ln an ~rea th~reof in~diately o~ the
pl~t~ 90, thereby to moderatu lt~ temper~ture also. At the
~m~ t~me tha air l~suing from th~ heater under tha influonc~
o~ the outex layer of alr ~nd it~ very hlgh veloc~ty will
be c~used to have a more uniform and more practlcal l~vel
of temperature. The total blend of the di~charge 80 pro-
vlded i~ pro~cted rapldly and sub~tantially ou~ward from
th~ ho~tar r~nd ~pr~ad quit~ widely, to a degre~ to l~nd ths
h~ r ~ c~pAbll~ty of produclng ~ comfort~ble l~vcl of
~p~rature throughout a room ~o~ which 1~ gre~tar th~n
one would ~ntlc~pate for a heater o the ~ize lnvolv~d.
~ho lnvontlon thu4 provld~ the heater wlth an ablllty
to lncre~3e ~nd extend the ar~a of lts ln~lu~nce nnd m~ln-
taln ~ mo8t ~tlsf~ctory heating c~p~billty. A further
beno2it i~ a reductio~ o~ the level of carbon monoxidæ
whi~h 18 normally creatod in the operAtlon o~ a hsater o~
t}~ type ~e~crlb~d.
N~lther the p~rtl~ul~r det~lls of the sYpirnting type
no~l0 9~ and the pumR 83 ~nd the~r lnter~otlon and funct~on
ln th~ pro~ectlon from th~ nozzl~ of ~tomlsed uel, nox tho
ignltion o~ the ~u~ ir mlxturo in th~ combustlon ch~mbo~
~nd lto combu~tion ~nd ~ft0rburnlng, ~r~ hera deacrlbed
inc3 ~uch do not ln ~nd of them~lve~ form p~rt of ~ho
pre~n~ invent~on ~nd are well understood by tho~e ver~d
iA tho ~
~22~23
The control and wirinq 6y~tems for operatLng the illu~
tr~ted hea~er ~re not only efflciently, compactly and ad-
vantageous1y con~tructed, arranged and ~ppll~d but thay ~re
of a na ure to incre~e its reliabllity, level o~ yerormanca
a~d ~a~e~y ln u~e. Thls heater has the es~entlals of it6
~a~ety control circuit and saf~ty circuit breaker as well
its motor start~ng ~evice and th~ circuit in whlch it i~
embodied mounted in connection with a ~ingl~ small circuit
bo~xd 1~0 ~Flqs~ 2, 3, S, and 8~. The board 140 i~ a sma11
rect~ngular plate-llke ~ection of in~ulating materlal mount~d
by ~n~p fit pla~tlc connector p~nfl 1~2~in an ln~ulate~ out-
w~rdly ~p~ced rel~tlon to the ~xterior ~urface of the ~he11
50. It po~ltion~ in the compartm~nt 39 at a loc~tion ~d
~ent the plate 30 a~d offset ~rom tha open~ng 46. Mounted
to pro~ect ~rom ~nd perpundicular to the outermo~t ~ace 1~1
of tho board 140, along each of two of its slde edge~ ~t
ri~ht ~ngle~ to e~ch oth~r, are blad~-~haped t~rmi~41a.
The3e t~rmin~ re in p~rallel ~pac~d r~l~tlon along each
og th~ two ~ids~ of the board. Also mountad to and pro-
~ect~d outw~rdly of ~nother ~ide eàge of the board 140
a clrcult br~aker 14 ~ ~he re~et button 152 of which pro-
~ectu outwsrdly of the compartment 39 through ~3 ~perturl3
in the pl~te 30. For ~ startlng of the heater tho button
152 i~ depre~ed to clo0e th~ ~tartlng clrcuit. It will
malnt~ln tAl~ depre~s0d po~itlon untll 6uch time th~l h~ter
n lt~ oper~tlon or in th~ ~vent the heater fa~ls to
- 28
~,
,,:
:; ~t~rt op~r~tlng within a pred~termined interval of time
ollowing the depre~ion of the button 152. In the cas~
. of any 0hu~ dawn the utarting clrcult of the h~ter c~n
~` be clo~ed by once again depressln~ th~ button 152.
; Flg. 8 clear1y demonstrates the connectlon o~ thre~
"~
,~ ~epar~te wlres between Be~rat~ t~rminals on the board 140
kl and the ~otor 82; the connection of two wlres between the
:~ txan~former 85 and separate terminal3 of the circuit bonrd
- 1~0~ a ~lnglo wlre connectlon a8 requixed between the tran~-
~ox~4r 85 and the ~park plug 124 and the connection of tha
two wlrq~ o~ a photo cell, conutltut1ng the flame s~n~ing
dovlce 126, to ~eparate terminal~ of the board lJ0. ~pp11Od
tho ~c~ o~ the board 140 oppo~lte the ~ce 141, to whlch
a portlon o~ ~ch terminal pro~ects, ~re prlnted circult~
; whlch lntarconnect termlnal~ a~ requlred ~nd embody thcm ln
~h~lr ~pprop~i~te c~rcult~ and ln connection wlth tho n~ce~-
o~2ry control element~ to provlde for their r~quired funatlon.
~ ~tarting devlce which in this case 1~ a posi tive tem~er~tura
coef~lci~nt re~i~tor rather than a conventional ~t~rting rol~y
1~ inc:orpor~ad ~,n the ~Dtor control clrcui~.
Ex~ended from ~nd directed lnto ~h~ comp~rtm~nl~ 39
through ~nother Apertuxe in the pl~te 30 i3 a power cord
150 tha ~round wl~e of which i~ connec~ed ~o a portion of
tho ~hell 50 wlthin th~ ::omp~rtm~nt 39 ~d the oth~r 'cwo
w:Lre~ of which are re~pactlvely, in the on~ caBe ~ dir~ctly
nectlad to on~s of the t~rmin~ls projuctad ~rom the fa~o
1~1 o tho bs~rcil 140 ~d ~n th~ othor C~ conneci~ d by a
- 29
23
x~leasable cllp to the central on~ of the thre~ ~lade-like
terminal~ o a receptacle 1~4 fixed in and in a bridging re-
latlon to an opening in the plate 40- ~ach of the tQrminsls
o~ the recepkaçle 144 ha~ reBpectlvely connected thexeto a
wlre the oppoBite end of which i8 connected to a separate
one of the afor~entlon~d terminal~ projected from the ~ace
141 of the board 140. A~ may be seen from Fig. 8, one can
qulckly connect power to or disconnect power from the haate~
by the appllcation or removal of a jumper plug 146. The plug
lû 1~6 embodlea ~ult~ble conductively r~lated male plug portion~
~Qr friction 1t in the mating femal~ clip portions of the
r~ceptaclo 14~ which conductively relate, ruspectlvely, wi~h
~ ~epax~te one of the three blad~-llke t~r~nal~ o the re
c~ptacle 14~ to provlde the power necessary for the o~eration
of th~3 heater.
5'he actual clrcu~try involved, per se, 1~ conYentional
other than for the u~e of the po~itive tQmp~ratUre c4~101~nt
r~ tor in the etartlng circuit, rather than a conventlon~l
st~rtinq relay, and th~ con~truction ~nd arrangement provlding
for the applic~tion of the plug 146. Not~ th~t ~11 compon~ntR,
~a ~eun ln Fig. 8, are ~ui~ably grounded,
~inc~ the circuitry, othar than a~ indic~ted, 1~ con~en-
tional, they ~re neither ~hownnDr hero de~c~ibed. Th~i~
~ompo~itlon will be cl~ar to th08e ver3ed in the ar~ from
the foregoing and the accompanying drawing~.
~ may be ~een, the integrsted control and t~rminnl
- 30
; ~y~tem a~ here provided mlnlmlze~ the exposure of tho~e wlr~
which connact ~he oper~ting compon~nts of th~ heater to th~r
control~O Tho~e wire~ which are expo~ed in the pa~age 54
are faw and direc~ed i~medi~tely downward from the ~park pluq,
the photo cell deYica 126 ~nd the motor ~2 as well as the
~: tr~n~form~r 85 to which they ai~ply to ~tnlmize their pre~ence
ln the pa~s~e 54. ~he arrangement i9 such to minimize the
chal.c~ of accumulation of dirt and other disadvantageou~
m~terlal~ on wire~ and ~heir connection~ and to minimiz~
the po~aibility of ~ny adver~c vlbration of the wire~ which
m~ght dot~rlornta their connection~ ~nd abllity to tran~mit
powor. An ~dditlon31 beneflt of the arr~nqement iu the
mlnimizing o~ inter~srence with ~condary air flow dr~wn
tD and directed through the he~t~r by tho fan dovic~ 81~
P~ wlll be clearly evldent, the rele4~ble arr~ngomant
of t:he pl~to 40 ~nd its acces~ibili'cy ~t one side c~f the
h~tor ~cill t~ts~ m~in~nanc~ and lnsp~action proaodure~
~ to th~D fu~l filt~r, th~ ~uel ~upply l~n~ zmd th~ com-
po~ition of th~ clrcult board 140. In the caYe illu~tr~ted
~11 wlre~ connected to terminal~ of the bo~rd 140 and th~a
rec0pt~scl~ 144 are connoc:ted by fem~le f~ic . ion clip~ hou~d
ln ~n ~xt~rnnl cup-like ~ 11 of in~ul~ting n~Aterial. A
~eurther ben2~1t of ~e invsntion control ~ystem i~ that
upon remov~al c~f the ~umper plug 146 ona can apply ln p1ac~
ther~of ~ plug wh~ch not only can clo~e the motor ~tartlr3g
~:~ rcult but provid~ power to any acce~sory equipm~n'c.
A~ mentioned previously, the air flowing to the pa~age
5~ which move~ to and aroS~nd the motor-pump as~embly and
the dep~ndent transformer pa~se~ over tl-e opening 46 to
ths comp~rtm~nt 39 to form a ralatlvely cool insulating
l~yer protecting the circuit board and it~ mounted componant~
and terminals a~ well a~ the wiring connect$ons. The net
effect is the highly ben~ficial ~arrier which prevent~
any chance intense heat of con~u~tlon ~elng reflected
to and ~dver~ely to affect the heater controls, it~
clrouitry ~nd con~equently lt~ operatlon. Thi~ prot3c~ion
1~ ~nhance~ by the secondary air flow pattern dev~lopad
down~tre~m of the fan ~ lth the ~rrangement provld~d
r~t~rt of the heat~r m~y be initlated approximately
` 30 o~cond~ a~ter the heater shutdown.
Not to b~ overlooked ln the forego~ng de~cript~on i~
t~ highly beneielal constructlon o~ the sh~ type
hou~lng 50 of the heater, the unique ~e~l of lt~ part~
which nvold the need for lntervenlng ga~kets, lt~ rulativa
proportlonlng a~ ~o the ~eparately defined cylind~ically con-
~0 fi~u~ed ~gm~nts o~ lt~ length ln re31ation to th~ length of
th- comb w tlon ch DDUr auuombly and the i~uudlatu naturo aDd
.
.
relatlve confi~uratlon of the dl~charge and of tlle heater
~ouslng and the cont~ined combustion chamber assembly.
Pln~lly one mu~t con~ld~r t~le uncluttered construc~ion
of the heater ~nd the economy of it~ f~brlc~tion ~or the
beneflt~ which ~t offer~.
It shoul~ be clear, of cour6~, from the foregoing that
the outer ~ri~)h~r~ a~ge for tllc r~stricted and throttlad
~lr flow aa betwc~an th~ heat~r houslng and th~ h~at shield
m~y have the conflguration t~ereof contrlbuted to by modifl-
c~tlon of the configuration of the ~hi~ld without departingfrom th~ ~pir.tt or BCOpe of the present invention~
From the above de~crlption lt w~ll be app~rent that thexe
1~ thu~ prnvlded a ~evlca of the character d~scrlb~d po~e~lng
the part~cul~r featurea o~ ~dv~nt~ga be~ore enumer~ted D~ do~ir-
~bl~, bu~ which obviou~ly i~ ~usceptibla of mo~ific~t~on ln lt~
~orm, proportlon~, detall con~truction ~nd ~rrangem~nt of p~rt~
wlthout dep~rting from the prlnclple involvad or ~crlflc~g
any of itB ~dvantaga~.
While in orde~ ~o ~omply wlth the ~tatute thc invention h~
b~en dQ~c~lbed tn l~ngu~g~ more or lo~s ~p~ci~ic a~ tO st~uatuxal
~atu~s, it 1~ to be unde~stood that th~ ln~ontlon 1~ not llm-
it~d to ~he ~p~ci ic features shown, ~ut that thQ means and co~-
otructlon herein dloclo~ed comprl~4 but one of ~veral mode8 ot
puttlng the lnventlon into effect and the invention 1~ th~r~
~ore cl~lmed in ~ny o~ it~ form~ or modlf$catlcn~ wlthin tha
l~gltlm~te ~nd v~lid ~cope of the ~pp~nd~d claims.
