Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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The present invention relates to an agent for the
treatment of wounds.
Agents for the treatment of wounds, for example
inflammations of wounds, are known and have been
described in literature. For example, in addition to
the conventional textile dressings, inter alia a product
based on granular dextran may be u~ed in the treatment
of wounds (US Patent Specification No. 4,225,580).
This material has the disadvantage, however, that it
is relatively difficult to apply, and, moxeover, the
disadvantage that it is relatively difficult to remove
from ~ wound, since small grains of dextran easily
adhere to the edges of the wound.
We have now found certain agents for the treatment
of wounds which have substantially more favourable
properties than the agents already known and
suggested for the same use.
Accordingly the present invention provides an
agent for the trea~ment of wounds, which comprises in
the range of from 2 to 20% by weight of a graft
copolymer of starch and hydrolysed polyacrylonitrile,
of which in the range of from 5 to 90/0 of the carboxy
.
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groups have been neutralised with aluminium, suspended
in a physiologically tolerable lipophilic liquid
or paste containing one, or more, especially
one,two or three, surfactants.
The graft copolymer of starch and hydrolysed
polyacrylonitrile, of which in the range of from
5 to 90 % of the carboxy groups'hydrogen atoms have
been substituted by aluminium, comprised in the agent
of the invention, may be prepared, for example, in
accordance with the instructions given in US Patent
Specification No. 4,302,36g by, under the conditions
described therein, reacting a starch suspension with
acetonitrile in the presence of a chemical initiator
such as ceric ammonium nitrate, hydrolysing the
resulting graft copolymer with a strong base, for
example sodium or potassium hydroxide, and then
reacting with an aluminium salt and/or aluminium
hydroxide. The resulting product can then be dried,
washed with alcoholic ammonia solution and adjusted
to the desired pH value of in the range of from
6.0 to 7.5 with hydrochloric acid. Alternatively,
however, it is also possible to obtain this product
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commercially, for example under the-~e SGP 157 M
(as sold by the Herlkel Corporation, Minneapolis).
For the preparation of an agent of the invention,
a graft copolymer having one or more of the following
features is suitable:
a ratio of the starch component to the acrylat~
and acrylamide components t~hich is preferably in the
range of from ~:3 to 1:0.9
a ratio of carboxy groups to a~ino groups whlch is
preferably in the range of from 2:1 to 9:1
a polymerisate in which preferably in the range
of from 25 to 75 % of the carboxy groups are
neutrali.sed with aluminium.
There may be used as lipophilic li~uids hydro-
carbons, for example paraffin3, petroleum jelly,
stearin, and also vegetable and animal oils, waxes
or fats, for example Jojoba oil, olive oil, peanut oil,
coconut oiL, almond oil, sunflower oil, lanolin, fine
bone oil, beeswax and wool fat.
Both non-ionic and ionic surfactants are suitable
as the physiologically tolerable surfactants. The
following are suitable a3 non-ionic surfactants:
lecithins, lecithin fractions and modified products
thereof, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, for example
polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, polyoxyethylated
sorbitan fatty acid esters, glycerin-polyethylene
glycol oxystearate, glycerin-polyethylene glycol
ricinoleate, ethoxylated soja sterols, ethoxylated
castor oils and hydrated derivatives thereof, cholesterol
and polyoxyethylenepolyoxypropylene polymers, poly-
oxyethylenepolyoxypropylene polymers having a molecular
weight of in the range of from 6800 to 8975, for
example Pluronic F 68, being pre~erred.
Surfactants in the following group: surfactants
having polyethylene groups, fatty alcohol sulphates,
fatty alcohols or cholesterol, have proved to be
especially suitable surfactants for use in the agents
; 25 of the invention.
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Surfactants containing polyethylene groups that
are suit~ble for the manufacture of the agents are,
for example, polyethylene glycols having a molecular
weight of above approximately 1000, polypropylene
glycols that are sparingly soluble in water, and
block polymers of both compound ~ as customary in
commerce under the name Pluronic. ~specially suitable
is the surfactant customary in commerce under the
name Pluronic F 68, which may be used in the agen~ of
the invention in a concentration of up to 5 % by
weight based on the agent itself. Other surfactants
containing polyethylene groups that are suitable for
the manufacture of the agent of the invention are,
for example, the preparations customary in commerce
under the name Cremophor EL.
Also particularly suitable as surfactants are
fatty alcohol sulphates, for example the preparation
customary in commerce under the name Lanekte E or N.
As fatty alcohol or cholesterol-containing
surfactants that are suitable for the manufacture
of the agent of the invention, the following may be
mentioned by way of example: stearyl alcohol,
palmityl alcohol, mixtures of stearyl and palmltyl
alcohol the surfactant commercially customary under
the name, for examp]e, of Lanette O, or the cholesterol
contained in lanolin.
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A~ it i~ 301ely the properties of the surfactant
and not the chemical structuxe that are important,
mixtures of several ~urfactants are as suitable
as a single surfactant. Apart from the surfactants,
an agent according to the invention may contain, in
addition, lipophilic liquids or pastes that preferably
con~ist of a high-boiling paraffin or a vegeta~le or
animal oil, wax or fat.
High-boiling paraffins suitable as components for
an agent of the invention are the thinly liquid,
viscous, wax-like or solid paraffins customarily
used in galenical pharmacy, inter alia also those that
are commercially custo~ary under the name Vaseline.
Suitab~e substances are also those paraffins that
are emulsified with wool fat alcohols, such as the
products commercially customary under the name
Eucerin.
The words "Pluronic", "Cremophor", "Lanette",
"Vaseline" and "Eucerin" used herein are all trade marks.
Components suitable for the agent ac~ording to
the invention are, for example, the vegetable or
animal oils, waxes or fats that have already been
mentioned above.
From the individual components that are used in
an agent of the invention in addition to the graft
copolymers, under the conditions well known to the
r-~
person skilled in aalenical plla~maCy, mixtu~es are
produced that are each adjusted to the desired
field of aDplication of the agent.
The aaent according to the invention as regards
its intended purpose, is suitable not only for
the treatment of wounds in the narrower sense but,
like the agents for treating wounds mentioned in the
"Rote Liste - 1980" published by the Bundesverband
der pharmazeutischen Industrie e.v., D-6000
Fran~furt/Main, is suitable for the treatmer.t of
numerous inflammations or wounds of the s~in or
mucous mernbrane whlch are associated with secreted
material. Such diseases or wounds are, for example
cuts, blows, lacerations, contused ounds, burns,
frost wounds, sores, grazes, sunburn, eczema and
haemorrhoids.
The agents according to the invention may, in
addition, also con~ain the additives and au~iliary
substances ~for example perfumes) customary for such
agents, as well as, in therapeutically active amounts
further active substances customarily used in these
a~ents. Such active substances are, for e~ample,
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bacteriostatics, antimycotics and local anaesthetics.
Suitable bacteriostatics are sulphonamides, for
example suldacine and sulphatolarnide, or
antibiotics, for example penicillin. Suitable
antimycotics are salicylic acid and derivatives thereof,
for example salicylhydroxamic acid, salicylamide,
miconacol and isoconacol. Suitable local anaesthetics
are alkaloids, for example morphine, and esters of
p-aminobenzoic acid, for example the methyl ester
and the ethyl ester.
The present invention further provides a process
for the preparation of an agent of the invention, which
cornprises mixing together in the range of from 2 to 20 %
~f~ ~s
by weight of a graft copolymer of starch and hydrolysed
polyacrylonitrile, of which in the range of from
5 to 90~0 of the carboxy groups have been neutralised
with aluminium, and a physiologically tolerable lipophilic
S liquid or paste containing one or more surfactants,
and, if desired, ~terilising the resulting product.
To produce the agents, the components may be,
for example, homogeneously mixed by means of a suitable
mill and sterilised by means of heat. Sterilisation
can, of course, be carried out prior to the use of
the material on site in a hospital or the like. When
mixed with the liquid or paste, the copolymer forms
a gel which is in the form of a pasty mass.
The agent should be applied directly to the area
of the body to be treated and, if need be, covered,
for example, with gauze.
The present invention also provides a preparation
for the treatment of wounds, which comprises an agent
of the invention located in or on a permeable support
20 material, for example a fibxous material.
The agent according to the invention has been
found to be distinguished by an extraordinary
imbibing or wicking action and consequently encourages
rapid healing of a wound as a result of the removal
of water.
The lipophili~ components and surfactants contained
in the agent of the invention have the effect of preventing
the agents from drying out owing to low vapour pressure.
As a result, adhesion of the wounds or edges of wounds
is avoided, so that these agents can be removed without
any problem. Furthermore, these components have the
effect of making the preparation more pasty and it
may thus be applied more easily.
The following Examples illustrate the invention.
Example 1
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm Henkel Corporation, Minneapolis, are ground in a
ball mill for 30 minutes with 0.8 g of Pluronic F 68
and 10 g of Pur-oba oil, resulting in a homogeneous
dispersion.
Example 2
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm Henkel CorporationO Minneapolis, are ground in a
ball mill for 5 minutes with 1 g of thinly liquid
paraffin. 3 g of paraffin are then added, grinding
is continued for a further 5 minutes, a further
6 g of paraffin and 1 g of Pluronic F 68 are added and
grinding is continued for a further 20 minutes until
a homogeneous dispersion is formed.
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xample 3
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm Henkel Corporation, Minneapolis~ with a grain size
of less than 0.063 mm, and 5 g of Pluronic F 68, with
a grain size of less than 0.075 mm, are triturated
with 20 g of thinly liquid paraffin. 50 g of white
petroleum jelly and 25 g of viscous paraffin are
then added and the mixture is triturated until a uniform
homogeneous dispersion is obtained.
Example 4
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm Henkel Corporation, Minneapolis, are triturated
with 10 g of Cremophor EL. 90 g of white petroleum
jelly are then added in portions to the mixture and
the mixture is triturated until a homogeneous dispersion
is obtained~
Example 5
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm ~Ienkel Corporation, Minneapolis, are triturated
with 10 9 of Cremophor EL and 10 g of polyethylene
glycol (MW 400)~ 80 g of white petroleum jelly are then
added in portions and the mixture is triturated until
a homogeneous dispersion is formed.
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Example 6
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm Henkel Corporation, Minneapolis, having a grain
size of less than 0.063 mm, and 0.8 g of Pluronic,
having a grain size of less than 0.075 mm, are triturated
with 6 g of Cremophor EL. 36 g of white petroleum
jelly are then added in portions, and the mixture i3
triturated until a homogeneous dispersion is obtained.
Example 7
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm ~enkel Corporation, Minneapolis, having a grain
size of les3 than 0.036 mm, and 0.8 g of Pluronic F 68
having a grain size of less than 0.075 mm, are
triturated with 4 g of Cremophor EL and ~ g of poly-
ethylene glycol tMW 400). 4.8 g of white petroleum
jelly are then added in portions, and the mixture is
triturated until a homogeneous dispersion i3 formed.
Example 8
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm Henkel Corporation, Minneapolis, having a grain
size of less than 0.063 mm, and 0.8 g of Pluronic F 68,
having a grain size of less than 0.075 mm, are
triturated with 20 g of Eucerin Anhydr. until a homogeneous
dispersion is formed.
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Exam~ple 9
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm Henkel Corporation, Minneapolis, having a grain
~ize of les~ than 0.063 mm, and 0.8 g of Pluronic F 68,
having a grain size of less than 0.075 mm, are
triturated with 4 g of Cremophor EL. 16 g of Eucerin
Anhydr. are then added in portions, and the mixture
is triturated until a homogeneou~ di~persion is formed.
Example 10
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm HenXel Corporation, Minneapolis, having a grain
size of less than 0.063 mm, and 0.8 g of Pluronic F 68,
having a grain ~ize of less than 0.075 mm, are
triturated with 4 g of Cremophor EL and 4 g of
polyethylene glycol (MW 400). 4.8 g of Eucerin
Anhydr. are then added in portions, and the mixture
is triturated until a homogeneous dispersion i~ formed.
Example 11
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm Henkel Corporation, Minneapolis,having a grain
size of less than 0.063 mm, and 0.8 g of Pluronic F 68
are triturated with 20 ~ of ointment base material
to form a homogeneous di~persion.
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The ointment base material used is prcduced as
follows: 35 g of viscous paraffin, 35 g of
white petroleum jelly and 30 g of Lanette ~ are melted
at 90C and stirred until the mixture has cooled.
Example 12
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm Henkel Corporation, Minneapolis, having a grain
size of less than 0.063 mm, and 0.8 g of Pluronic F 68,
are triturated with 20 g of ointment base material
until a homogeneous dispersion is formed.
The ointment base material used is produced as
~ollows:
6.0 g of wool wax, 0.5 g of Lanette 0,
10.0 g of viscous paraffin and 83.5 g of white
petroleum jelly are melted at 90C and stirred until
the mixture has grown cold.
Example 13
2 g of the graft copolymer SGP 157 M from the
firm Henkel Corporation, ~inneapolis, having a grain
size of less than 0.063 mm, are triturated with
0.8 g of Pluronic F 68, having a grain size of less
than 0.075 mm, and 4 g of Cremophor EL. 16 g of the
ointment base material prepared in accordance with
Example l1 are then added in portions and the mixture
is triturated until a homogeneous dispersion is formed.
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Exa~ple 14
Under the conditions described in Example 13,
but using the ointment base material prepared in
accordance with Example 12, a homogeneou~ dispersion
is produced.
