Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
~ 5~ 21757-133
This invention relates to a pistol o-f the type having a butt that
contains a firing mechanism and a slide that moves on this, and which con-
tains the barrel and the breech mechanisM, and also having a recoil spring that
is supported on the butt and the slide in which regard the breech is provided
with a firing pin that can be driven by a firing pin spring or by a hammer
that is acted upon by a hammer spring, and the firing mechanism is provided
with a stop that is incorporated in the butt group, that protrudes into the
p.ltll of movement of a lug on the firing pin or of a shoulder on the hammer
whicll is connected to the trigger by means of a slide piece which, in its rear
l~ most end position moves from the firing position when the slide moves backward
under the action of the firing pin lug or shoulder of the hammer, respectively,
that engages on its face surface and which on the forward movement of the slide
from the firing pin lug or shoulder of the hammer, respectively, that now
rests against its rear face, moves into its foremost end position.
The object of the invention is provide a pistol of which the com-
ponellt parts are simpler to produce and which is of simplified construction.
In addition, on the one hand the piston is to operate without failure even
ullcler extreme conditions and on the other hand is to be incapable of any un-
intentional discharge. According to the present invention this is achieved
in that the stop when in its foremost end position is locked in the direction
o firing and the firing pin or the hammer is secured with a partially tension-
ed firing pin spring or hammer spring; when the trigger is activated the slide
piece returns the stop to its unlocked position at the same time conpressing
the firing pin spring or the hammer spring, respectively, and moves the stop
in the firing direction whereupon the guide, which determines the path of the
stop during the actual cocking movement, ensures that the stop projects into
the path of movement of the lug on the firing pin or the shoulder of the hammer,
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respectively.
The invention will now be described in greater detail with refer-
ence to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a piston according to the present invention in side
viel~;
Figure 2 is a partial longitudinal section and Figure 3 is a
partial plan view of the butt with the slide raised;
Figure 4 is a cross-sec~ion drawn on the line IV-IV in Figure 5;
Figure 5 is a plan view of the butt with the slide raised;
Figure 6 is a view of the raised slide ~rom below;
Figures 7 to 9, respectively, show a variation of the firing
mechanism in side elevation, plan view, and in a partial side cross section
in the direction of the arrow IX in Figure 8;
Figure 10 is a view from below of a suitable slide;
Figures ll to 13, respectively, show a further variation of the
firing mechanism in side view, plan view and a view from beneath of a suitable
slide;
Figures 14 and 15 are sectional and end views, respectively, show-
ing a firing pin according to the present invention;
Figures 16 to 19 are a front view, side view, fragmentary rear
view and plan vie~; respectively, of a magazine according to the present in-
vention;
Figures 20 to 23 are different possible cross sections of thebore; and
Figure 24 shows a hammer drlve.
The pistol consists of a butt assembly that is numbered 1 and a
slide assembly that is numbered 2, arranged in such a manner as to move on the
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butt by means of a tongue and groove guide 3. Within the slide 2 there is a
break-joint barrel 4 and a breech 5 (Figures 2J 6, 10, 13). The barrel 4 has
a chamber 6 and a projection 7 that protrudes to the rear. Within the butt
assembly 1 there is a slot 201 in which a slide 202 can move. This is forced
into its uppermost positlon by means of a leaf spring 203. This spring is
retained in the butt assembly by means of a short arm 204 and a longer spring
arm 205 lies in a detent 206 of the slide 202. Since this spring arm 205 is
arranged in a slot 207 in the butt assembly 1 the slide 202 is simultaneously
restrained from any longitudinal displacement.
In the area close to the central plane of the pistol, adjacent to
its upper edge, this slide is provided with a groove 208 in which a bar 209
on the projection 7 of the barrel 4 can engage.
This projection 7 has an inclined groove 9 that interacts with a
cross piece 210 of a retainer 211 that is housed in the butt assembly 1. This
is secured in its position within the butt assembly 1 by means of a shaft 212,
the trigger 63 also being mounted so as to pivot about this shaft 212.
The slot 207 that serves to accommodate the spring arm 204, the
slot 201 and the recess used to accommodate the retainer 211 are arranged
obliquely to tlle axis of the bore and are preferably parallel to the maga~ine
~a housillg ~3 so that formation of the cores during the production of these grooves
and recesses is easily undertaken. Thus it is simple to produce the butt
assembly in one piece from plastic.
In order to make it possible ~o pull the slide 2 together with the
barrel 4 and the recoil spring 14 forward the slide 2 must be drawn back some-
what in order that the bar 209 of the projection 7 comes out of the grooves 208
in the slide 202. This can then be moved downward against the force of the
spring 203 thereby freeing the barrel together with teh slide. When the slide
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is inserted the wedge surface 213 rides over the upper edge of the slide 202
and momentarily forces this downward against the pressure of the spri~g 203.
Once the projection 7 has passed over the slide the bar 20~ enters into a
detent in the groove 208 of the slide 202 under the action of the recoil spring
14, ~hereby ensuring the mutual locking in the manner of a tongue-and-groove.
This type of barrel locking can also be used in other types of
pistols.
Figures 4 to 6 sho~ a firing mechanism which is of particularly
simple construction. A block 221 is set into the butt assembly 1 and held in
ln pOSitiOIl by means of a pin 222 within the area of the longitudinal centre plane
of the pistol. This has a chamber 223 into which an angled arm 224 of the
slide piece 225 protrudes. Between its lower end 226 and the rear wall 227
that defines the chamber 223 to the rear there is a compressed spring 228 and
tl~is acts so as to force the slide piece 225 upward and to the rear.
The arm 224 of the slide piece 225 is connected to the leaf end
230 of the slide piece 225 by means of a bridge piece 229. This bridge piece
has a portion that protrudes to the rear and this forms a stop 231 for the
firing pin.
The leaf 230 is provided with a multi-angled cutout 232 and a
2~ projection 233 of the block 221 passes through this. Adjacent to this projec-
tion 233 there is a groove-like side recess 234 in the block and this is orient-
ed obliquely uwpard and to the rear and the leaf spring 235 is accommodated in
this. This has a border 236 that faces outwards and forms a control surface
237 for the inclined face surface 238 of the slide piece 225. The other end
of the leaf spring is squared off opposite the border 236 and accommodated in a
groove 239 of the block 221. Next to the border 236 there is a control edge
240, this being arranged in the path of movement of a control bar 241 on the
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under side of the slide 2. At its ends the control bar 241 is ~rovided with
two inclined surfaces 242 and 2~3.
The front end of the slide piece 225 is articulated to the trigger
` 263 by means of a pin 244.
.~ When the pistol is uncocked the spring 228 ensures that the slide
piecc 225 is in its rearmost position where the inclined surface ,38 rests
a~ st the control surface 237, which means that the projection 233 is in the
tlpper portion 245 of the cutout 232. When the slide piece 225 is in this posi-
`~ tion the stop 231 is below the path of movement of the lug 101 of the firing
l~ pin 26. If the slide piece 2 is withdrawn to the rear in order to feed the
first round into the barrel the control edge 240 is moved inward -from the in-
~ clined surface 242 of the guide rail 241 so that the inclined surface 238 of
'`,1 tlle slide piece 225 and the control surface 237 of the leaf spring 235 are dis-
cngaged. This meaDs that the spring ?28 of the slide piece 225 can pivot up-
ward so tllat the projection 233 then lies in the lower area 2~6 of the cutout
232 in the leaf 230. This means that the end of the slide piece 225 has overrun
the border 236 to the side so that the surfaces 237 and 238 are rendered
'~ ~ .ineffcctive .
In this position, the stop 231 stands in the path of the lug lOl
~d o~ the firing pin 26, so that when the slide moves foward the lug 101 comes
into contact with the stop 231 and then moves forward together with the slide
piece 225, until the projection 233 takes up the position in the cutout 232
that is shown in Figure 27. The pistol is now cocked.
On firing, the slide piece 225 is first guided by the projection
233 and displaced to the rear with the assistance of the spring 228 and against
the force of the firing pin spring that is thereby compressed, until the
surfaces 237 and 238 come into contact with each other. In this position the
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projection 233 has reached the wide area of the cu~out 232 so that the slide
piece 225 is pivoted downward by the fact that the inclined surface 238 slides
along the control surface 237. When this is done the stop 231 releases ~he
lug lOl of the firing pin 26 and the shot is fired. The control edge 240 is
once again moved inward during the rearward movement of the slide 2 as a result
o the recoil, this being done by the wedge surface 242, so that the inter-
action clescribed above can be repeated.
The position of the control bar 241 ensures that the wedge sur-
face 242 only releases the control edge 240 if the barrel and the breech are
locked. If the slide does not for some reason move forward fully the bar 245
holds the leaf spring 235 in position curved inward. If the trigger 63 is now
operated the inclined surface 238 does no~ come into contact with the control
surace 237 so that the slide piece 225 is not pivoted downward and the s~op
231 does not release the firing pin bolt 101.
It is also possible to provide a device to ensure rapid readiness
of the weapon for firing when the magazine is changed. To this end, a lever,
numbered 301 as a single unit, is pivoted about the shaft 212 of the trigger
63. To this end the trigger 63 has a cutout 302 on one side. The lever 301 has
a hook 303 on its underside in which one end of a wire spring 304 is fastened 9
2~ and this is wrapped around the shaft 212 and then secured in a groove of the
cross piece 210. This spring acts so as to pivot the lever 301 into its lower
end position in which a thumb piece 305 lies in a recess in the butt group 1.
In addition, on-its upper side the lever 301 has a lug 307 that extends into
the path of the slide that is spring loaded in the magazine and which acts so
as to force the cartridges upward. ~hen the last cartridge in the magazine
is slid into the barrel the magazine slide contacts the lug 307 of lever 301
and attempts to pivot this upward. ~owever, the lever 301 is prevented from
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movillg in this manner by the lower edge of the slide 2. Once the round has
been fired the lever 301 enters a recess 308 on the lower edge of the slide 2
if this is in its end position. Thus the lever 301 locks the slide 2 against
any forward movement. Because of the articulation of the lever 301 on the shaft
212 (see Figures 4 and 5) this lock is maintained if the magazine is withdrawn
and replaced by a new magazine. ~s soon as the lever 301 is pivoted downward
by the thumb piece 305 the slide 2 will be forced forward by the recoil spring
14 and will slide the first round contained in the new magazine into the barrel.
Thus it is no longer necessary to pull the slide to the rear after changing
the magazine.
The Figures 7 to 10 show a variation of the firing mechanism shown
in Figures 4 to 6 in which the connecting link is provided not in the slide
piece but in the butt assembly or in a block that is inserted into the butt
assembly, respectively. Preferably, as has already been described, a leaf
spring 235 is inserted into the block 521 that is of plastic and the bordering
236 of wllicll forms a control surface 237, this interaction with the inclined
surface 538 of the slide piece 525 occurring in the same way as the control
edge 240 interacts with the bar 241 of the slide 2.
The slide piece 525 has a bridge piece 529 which on one end has
~0 the stop 531 and on the other the squared off portion 526. Furthermore this
has a wing-like extensi.on piece 544 and a control edge 545.
A cutout 546 on one side and on the other an aperture in the block
521, in which the wing piece ~extension piece) 544 engages form the connecting
link.
On the lower side of the breech 5 a single arm lever 548 is
arranged in such a manner as to be able to pivot and this has a projection 549
that extends into the path of movement of the firing pin lug 101. This lever
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is acted on by a leaf spring 550 that is supported by its free end 551 on the
breech 5, and lies beneath the bar 241 and attempts to pivot the lever 548 in
such a manner that the projection 549 moves into the path of movement of the
firing pin lug lOl.
The method of operation of this firing mechanism is much the same
as the mechanism shown in Figures 4 to 6. The stop spring 228 draws the slide
piece 525 to the rear so that its inclined surface 538 moves downward along the
control surface 237 so that the bridge piece 529 moves into the cutout portion
546 and tlle wing (extension) piece 544 moves into the lower area 552 of the
aperture 547. In this position the stop 531 is ou-t of the path of movement of
the firing pin lug lOl. The control edge 545 is then beneath the lever 548 so
that this takes up the position shown in Figure 10, in which it secures the
firing pin.
lYhen the slide 2 is drawn back the bar 241 moves the spring 235
to the centre, so that the control surface 237 is moved off the inclined sur-
face 538 and the slide piece 525 is released so that the stop spring 228 can
dra~Y this slide piece upward and rearward. The stop 531 and the control edge
545 then move into the path of movement of the firing pin lug 101.
When the slide 2 moves forward the firing pin lug 101 carries the
~a stop 531 and thus the slide piece 525 and the trigger lever 63 forward. When
this is done the bridge piece 529 moves out of the recess 546 and the wing
piece 544 moves into the narrow area 553 of the aperture 547. As soon as the
wing piece 544 reaches the walls of the aperture 547 the stop 531 secures the
firing pin lug 101. The stop 531 is secured in its position by the narrow
sector 553 of the aperture 547.
On firing the slide piece 525 moves to the rear and the stop 531
moves the firing pin lug 101 back with it during further compression of the
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firing pin spring. As soon as the inclined surface 538 contacts the control
surface 237 further movement of the slide piece 525 moves this downward so
that the bridge piece 529 can enter the cutout 546 and the wing piece 544 can
enter tlle broad area of the aperture 547. On this occurring, the stop 531
releases the firing pin lug 101 and the round is fired.
Because of the movement of the slide piece 525 to the rear the
control edge 545 also moves into the area of the projection 549 and forces the
lever 548 to the side so that the projection moves out of the path of movement
of the firing pin lug 101 and does not hinder the forward motion of the firing
a l)in .
Because of the fact that the additional safety elements 548, 549
are located on the bolt 5 any shocks or forces cannot release these safety
elements. A deliberate shot brought about by operating the trigger lever 63 is
required to do this.
Figures 11 to 13 show a further variation of the firing mechanism
shown in Figures 4 to 6 and 7 to 10. In this connection the control edge 545
andthe lever 548 shown in Figures 7 to 10 are replaced by a control pin 545
and a knob 548. The position of the control pin in front of the tip of the
firing pin effects an additional safety measure in the event that the firing pin
breaks. The method of operation itself is identical to the one described above.
The versions described in connection with the drawings can also
be used in pistols in which a hammer drives the firing pin. In this case, a
shoulder of the pivoting hammer replaces the lug of the ~iring pin and the stop
then works on this. A pistol configured in this way embodies the same advan-
tages as the pistols described above.
In familiar pistols, when centre fire cartri.dges are used, the tip
of the iring pin may be broken off or damaged if the tip is not withdrawn
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promp~ly into the basc of the breech. According to the present invention the
tip of the firing pin is configured as is shown in Figures 14 and 15. The tip
of the firing pin can project through an elongated slot in the longitudinal
central plane of the pistol, in the base of the breech. In theeven~ that a
cartridge case is ejected or a fresh cartridge is slid into the barrel before
the tip of the firing pin 27' is completely inside the aperture in the base of
the breecll 5 thc firing pin will not become damaged but will be forced back
by the cartridge case or the cartridge itself. The elongated configuration of
the aperture in the present invention hinders the more usual buildup of stress
la in brass that is usually found in pistols having a break-joint barrel. The
lance-shaped configuration used here in the sense of the present invention is
understood to include every shape that is of circular cross section and which
deviates from the cylindrical form of conventional firing pins and which in the
mnin is configured so as to be flat. The preferred embodiment is a triangular
configuration which is, for example, obtained by using a cone shape with a
spherical cap-like tip and shoulders which are produced symmetrical with each
other on opposite sides, the remaining parabolic sides being configured so as to
be flat or slightly concave or convex, respectively.
The magazine shown in Figures 16 to 19 consists of a plastic casing
~a 401, a base 402 and a metal insert 403. The magazine is of conventional pris-
matic shape and the base 402 is inclined. The base is slid into the lower end
of the magazine by means of a groove 404 and a tongue 405 and is secured by a
detent lock 406. A spring ~07 rests on this and this forces a slide 408 up-
wards. The cartridges 410 rest agam st a shouider 409 on one side of this slide
40S. In the lower portion of the magazine they take up a position in which
their axes are perpendicular to the front wall 411 and to the rear wall 412.
In the upper portion of the magazine the~metal insert 403 forms guides that
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taper very sharply towards the top and force the tips of the cartridges into
the vicinity of the central plane of the magazine so that the cartridges line
up and finally take up a position that is in the main parallel to the base of
the magazine 402. The metal insert 403, that is associated with the cartridge
bases and which forms the magazine wall converges first towards the end of the
magazille so that, as can be seen from Figure 16, the bases of the cartridges
remain for a longer period in their original staggered position. This can be
seetl from the comparison of the dashed-dotted zig-zag line in Figures 17 and 18.
Two important advantages are achieved by the configuration according
to the present invention. The position of the cartridge base makes it possible
to achieve soft contact between them and the rear wall of the magazine 412 so
that friction is reduced and there is a reduction in the resistance to move-
ment. Any tendency to hang up on the rear wall is thereby precluded. The
sccond advantage lies in the fact that contact between the cartridges during
alignment in the upper portion of the magazine changes. It changes from linear
contact to point contact so that there is no mutual interference as the cart-
ridges pass through the upper portion of the magazine. The front end 415 of the
slloulder 409 on the slide 408 can interact with the lever 301 in Figure 5 in
that this portion comes into contact with the projection 307 when the last car-
2~ tridge is slid into position. The metal insert 403 has several openings 416
that extend from the outside towards the interior and provide for secure
anchoring of the insert in the plastic casing 401 of the magazine.
The present invention is not confined to the versions illustrated
and described. Its component parts can be combined in a malmer other than that
shown. Common to the versions described is the fact that the stop for the
firing pin or hammer, respectively, can move in two directions that are not
parallel to each other. This me~ns that it is possible to use the stop both for
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securing the firing pin and for releasing it and this means that not only is
manipulation for operating the trigger reduced but the number of component parts
is considerably reduced as well. This double movcment can also be divided
between the stop and the firing pin or hammer. respectively.
Because of the arrangement of a stub spring, the action of which
is counter to that of the firing pin spring only a differential force need be
a})plied to the trigger in order to fire a shot.
In addition to these fundamental advantages the pistol according
to the present invention entails further advantages. Thus, for axample, the
1~ rest position of the trigger is determined by the stops 233, 544 in block 221,
and 521 (Figures 4, 9, 12), so that no special limiting stops for the trigger
are required. This means that costly adjustment is made unnecessary. Because
of the fact that the parts required for releasing the firing pin and for locking
it are compressed into a very small area it is possible to keep the blocks 221,
521 relatively small. Thus there is room in the butt assembly in the region
behind the shaft for the magazine. This permits an arrangement in which the
butt is close to the axis of the barrel which means that when a short is fired
there is only a small rotational movement that acts on the hand. The pistol
does not lift as much and this contributes to greater accuracy.
In newer pistols the spaces needed to accommodate the trigger,
slide piece and the guide pieces can be produced by cores~ that can be very
easily shaped. The same applies for the magazine shaft and the channel for the
magazine securing slide. Thus the butt can be made in one piece.
It is expedient to produce the guides for the slide of metal, in
the butt group. In this regard it is sufficient to arrange two pairs of guides
that can be incorporated in the plastic during the production of the butt piece.
It 15 conventi.onal that the rifled por~ion of the bore be provided
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with grooves that are rectangular, trough-shaped or arced. In the case of a
sharp transition from the grooves to the lands the corners are not completely
filled by deformation of the projectile and can only be cleaned with difficulty.
If these transitional areas are rounded off this disadvantage is modified al-
though it is difficult to keep the cross section constant throughout the length
of the barrel. Above all else the radii of the rounded portions can vary. The
same disadvantage is displayed by modern pistol barrels in which the outline of
thc cross section of the bore has three sectors of smaller curvature and
three sectors of greater curvature between these. The sectors having ~che
smaller curvature have a radius of curvature that is greater and the inter-
mediate sections have a radius of curvature that is smaller than the radius of
the calibre. Here, too, the cross sections of bore cæn vary, when viewed along
the length of the barrel. Thus there can be a poor seal between the projectile
and tile barrel either from the very outset or as the projectile moves down the
barrel ~
Thus this invention undertakes the task of finding a cross section
that can be produced with great accuracy throughout the whole length of the
rifled portion of the bore so that there is a constant seal between the projec-
tile and the barrel~
~a Accordingly the invention relates to a pistol in which the outline
of the cross section of the rifled portion of the bore consists of several
sectors that lie in one circle, and intermediate sections. Each sector is, of
course, bounded by two radii and an arc whereas each section is bounded by two
radii and a chord (secant) or concave curve. An advantageous version results
if the cross sectional outline consists of six sectors and six intermediate
sections, in which regard preferably the lengths of the sectors and those of the
intermediate sections are of approximately the same size.
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According to Figure 20, the outline of the cross section of the
bore has six sectors 601 which lie on one circle and which correspond with the
calibre as well as six intermediate sections 602. The sectors and the inter-
mediate sections are of approximately equal length.
Such a cross section can be produced with great accuracy since
the sectors lie on one circle, the centre point of which lies on the longi-
tudinal a~ls of the barrel. In the same way the straight sections can be pro-
duced with great precision since they lie opposite each other in pairs and for
thls reason can be accurately measured. As has been shown in practice, a
good seal between the shot in the barrel is achieved and thus the charge energy
can be better utilized. At the same time the ballistic characteristics of the
projectile are improved.
The number of sectors and intermediate sections is not limited to
six. Figures 21 and 22 show in each instance eight sectors and Figure 23 shows
our sectors. The intermediate sections do not have to be rectilinear but they
can be of a concave shape 603 as is shown in Figure 21.
Fundamentally the number of sectors can be selected as desired.
Tllis number must however be greater than three. It is important that the
sectors 601 all lie on one circle 604 that is the same as that of the calibre
7n or is almost the same.
An application of the invention to a pistol having a firing pin
that is driven by a hammer is shown in Figure 24.
The hammer 131 is mounted so as to permit rotation about a trunnion
132 within the butt assembly 1. A rod 133 is articulated to this. This is
arranged within a cavity 134 in the butt and is acted upon by the force of a
spring 135. ~t has a side shoulder 136 in which a stop 138 engages. This sits
on the trigger slide 146 that passes through an opening 148 in the butt assembly
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1. The stop 138 is moved parallel to the shaft 132 by means of guide surfaces
(not illustrated) which correspond, for example, to the control surface 237,
and this is done so that the stop 138 and the shoulder 136 disengage from each
other and the hammer 131 is released. The face surface 152 corresponds to the
control surface 240 and performs the same function.
The features described herein can be used independently of each
other in pistols of any familiar construction without prejudice to any of the
advalltages herein described.
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