Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
US
DETERGENTS CONTAINING POLYACRYLATE POLYMER
Antoinette L. Larrabee
Gianfranco Logy Spading
Technical Field
The present invention relates to detergent
compositions containing organic surfactant, non-
phosphate detergent builder, preferably an alkali metal
silicate, and polyacrylate polymer having a weight
average molecular weight of from about 2,000 to about
10, 000 -
sack round Art
US. Patent 4,072,621, Rose, issued Feb. 7,
1978, discloses the addition of a water-soluble copolymer
of a vinyl compound and malefic android to granular
detergents containing aluminosilicate builders.
- British Patent 2,048,841, Burzlo, published
Deco 17~ 1980, discloses the use of polymeric acrylamid~s
to stabilize aqueous suspensions of zealots. The
suspensions are said to be suitable for spray-drying to
obtain detergent compositions.
US. Patent 3,933,673, Davies issued Jan. 20,
1976, describes the use of partial alkali metal salts of
home- or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic moo- or
polycarboxyl~c acids as builders which provide improved
storage properties.
US. Patent 3,794,605, Doyle, issued Feb. 26,
1974, relates to the use of from 0.1% to 20% of a mixture
of salts of cellulose sulfate esters and copolymers of
a vinyl compound with malefic android to provide
whiteness maintenance benefits to detergent compositions.
L {
- 2 - I
US. Potent 3/922,230, Lamberti et at, issued
November 25, 1975, discloses detergent compositions con-
twining oligomeric polyacrylates.
US. Patent 4,031,022, Volt et at, issued
June 21, 1977, discloses detergent compositions containing
copolymers of alphahydroxyacrylic acid and acrylic acid.
US. Patent 4,379,080, Murphy, issued April
5, 1983~ discloses low levels of film forming polymers
for improving detergent granules' structure.
British Patent Application AYE,
published November 3, 1982, discloses "base beadle come
positions containing low levels of low molecular weight
especially 1,000-2,000, polyacrylate for structure
reasons.
British Patent 1,333,915, published Oct. 17,
1973, discloses that polyacrylic acids of molecular
weight greater than 1000 and having from 5-55% of its
carboxyl groups neutralized as the sodium salt are free-
flowing powders useful as detergent builders.
British Patent 1,330,402, Pritchard et at,
published Jan. 15,1975, relates to the addition of low
levels of reactive and non-reactive polymers to provide
free-flowing granular detergents containing non ionic
surfactants.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention encompasses a spray
dried deterrent composition comprising:
(a) from about 5% to about 50% by weight of
organic surfacta~t selected from the group consisting of
anionic, non ionic, zwitterionic, ampholytic and cat ionic
surfactants, and mixtures thereof;
(by from about So to about 80% by weight of
a non phosphorus detergent builder;
(c) from about 0.3% to about I by weight of
so
.
-- 3 --
a polyacr~late polymer soluble in an aqueous slurry
comprising the above components and having a weight
average molecular weight of from about 2,000 to about
10, 000.
Detailed Description of the Invention
The detergent compositions of the present
invention contain organic surfactant, water-soluble non-
phosphorus detergent builder, and a polyacrylate polymer
of selected molecular weight at a low level. The polyp
acrylate polymers herein provide a surprising boost to
the removal of clay soils even at these low levels which
do not provide substantial builder capacity
The compositions of the present invention can
be prepared by drying an aqueous slurry comprising the
components, by agglomeration or by mixing the various
ingredients, either dry or in liquid form, either aqueous
or an hydrous. The effect is obtained regardless of the
method of preparation. It is believed that the effect is
obtained by some kind of surface modification.
Organic Surfactant
The detergent compositions herein contain from
about 5% to about 50% by weight of an organic surfactant
selected from the group consisting of anionic, non ionic,
~witterionic, ampholytic and cat ionic surfactants, and
mixtures thereof. The surfactant preferably represents
from about 10% to about 30% by weight of the detergent
composition. Surfactants useful herein are listed in
US. Patent 3,664,961/ Norris, issued May 23, 1972, and
30 in US. Patent 3,919,578, Laughlin, et at, issued
December 30, 1975. Useful cat ionic surfactants also
include those descried in US. Patent 4,222,905~ Cockrell,
issued September 16, 1980, and in US. Patent 4,239,659,
Murphy, issued December 16, 1980.
Water-soluble salts of the higher fatty acids,
_ 4 _ I
i.e., "soaps", aye useful anionic surfactants in the
compositions herein. This includes alkali metal soaps
such as the sodium, potassium, ammonium, and substituted
ammonium salts of higher fatty acids containing from
about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms and preferably from
about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms. Soaps can be made
by direct saponification of fats and oils or the
neutralization of free fatty acids. Particularly useful
are -the sodium and potassium salts ox the mixtures of
fatty acids derived from coconut oil and tallow, ire.,
sodium or potassium tallow and coconut soap
Useful anionic surfactants also include the
water-soluble salts, preferably the alkali metal,
ammonium and substituted ammonium salts, of organic
sulfuric reaction products having in their molecular
structure an alkyd group containing from about 10 to
about 20 carbon atoms and a sulfonic acid or sulfuric
acid ester group. (Included in the term "alkyd" is the
alkyd portion of azalea groups.) Examples of this group
of synthetic suractants are the sodium and potassium
alkyd sulfates, especially those obtained by sulfating
the higher alcohols (C8-C18 carbon atoms) such as those
produced by reducing the glycerides of tallow or coconut
oil; and the sodium and potassium alkylbenzene
sulfonates in which the alkyd group contains from about
9 to about lo carbon atoms, in straight chain or
branched chain configuration, e.g., those of the type
descried in US. Patents 2,220,099 and 2,477,383.
Especially valuable are linear straight chain alkyd-
Bunsen sealants in which the average number ox carbon~toms in the alkali group is from about 11 to 13t
abbreviated as Cll_l3LAS.
Other anionic surfactants herein are the
sodium alkyd glycerol ether sulfonates, especially those
ethers of higher alcohols derived from tallow
''"!
- 5
and coconut Gil; sodium coconut oil Tao acid monogl~ceride
sulfonates an sulfates; sodium or potassium sulks of
alkyd phenol ethylene oxide ether sulfates containing from
about 1 to about 10 units of ethylene oxide per molecule
and from about 8 to about 12 carbon atoms in thy alkyd
group; and sodium or potassium salts of alkyd ethylene
oxide ether sulfates containing about 1 to about 10 units
of ethylene oxide per molecule and from about 10 to
about 20 carbon atoms in the alkyd group.
Other useful anionic sur~actants include the
water-soluble salts of esters of alpha-sulfonated fatty
acids containing from about 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the
fatty acid group and from about 1 to 10 carbon atoms in
the ester group; water-soluble salts of 2-acyloxy-alkane-
l-sulfonic acids containing prom about 2 to 9 carbon
atoms in the azalea group and from about 9 to about 23
carbon atoms in the Al Kane moiety; alkyd ether sulfates
containing from about 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyd
group and from about 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide;
I water-soluble salts of oleEin sulfonates containing
from about 12 to 24 carbon atoms; and beta-alkyloxy Al Kane
sulfonates containing from about 1 to 3 carbon atoms
in the alkyd group and from about 8 to 20 carbon atoms
in the Al Kane moiety.
Water-soluble non ionic surfactants are also
useful in the compositions of the invention. Such non ionic
materials include compounds produced by the condensation
of alky~ene oxide groups (hydrophilic in nature) with
an organic hydrophobic compound, which may be aliphatic
pa or allele aromatic in nature. The length of the polyp
oxyalkylene group Which is condensed with any particular
hydrophobic group can be readily adjusted to yield a
water-solublé compound having the desired degree of
balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic elements.
Suitable non ionic surfactants include the
....
- 6
polyethylene oxide condensates of alkali phenols, e.g.,
the condensation products of alkyd phenols having an
alkyd group containing from about 6 to 15 carbon atoms,
in either a straight chain or branched chain_configura-
lion, with from about 3 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyd phenol.
Preferred nonionics are the water-soluble
condensation products of aliphatic alcohols containing
from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, in either straight chain or
branched configuration, with from 3 to 12 moles of
ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol. Particularly pro-
furred are the condensation products of alcohols having
an alkyd group containing from about 9 to 15 carbon
atoms with from about 4 to 8 moles of ethylene oxide
per mole of alcohol.
Semi-polar non ionic surfactants useful herein
include water-soluble amine oxides containing one alkyd
moiety of from about 10 to 18 carbon atoms and two
moieties selected from the group consisting of alkyd
groups and hydroxyalkyl groups containing from 1 to 3
carton atoms; water-soluble phosphine oxides containing
one alkyd moiety of about 10 to 18 carbon atoms and two
moieties selected from the group consisting of alkyd
groups and hydroxyalkyl groups containing from about
1 to 3 carbon atoms; and water-soluble sulfoxides
containing one alkyd moiety of from about it to 18 carbon
atoms and a moiety selected from the group consisting
of alkyd and hydroxyalkyl moieties of from about 1 to 3
carbon atoms.
Ampholytic surfactants include derivatives of
aliphatic or aliph.atic derivatives of heterocyclic
secondary and tertiary amine in which the aliphatic
moiety can ye straight chain or branched and wherein one
of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to
18 carbon atoms and at least one aliphatic substituent
- 7 US
contains an anionic water-solubiliz~ng group,
Z~itterionic surfactants include dirts
of aliphatic qua ternary ammonium, phosphDnium, and
sulfonium compounds in which one ox the aliph~tic
substituents contains from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms
Particularly preferred surfactants herein do
not comprise staunchly amounts of non ionic detergent
sur~actants and, preferably, are anionic surfactants,
especially those selected from the group consisting ox
the alkali metal salts of C11 13 alkylbenzene sulfonates,
C14_18 alkyd sulfates, C14_18 alkyd linear polyethoxy
sulfates containing from about 1 to about 4 moles of
ethylene oxide, and mixtures thereof.
The Non-Phos~horus Deterrent Builder
The compositions of the present invention also
contain from about I to about 80%, preferably from
about 10% to about 70%, and most preferably from about
15~ to about 60%, by weight of a non phosphorus
detergent builder. The non-phosphorus detergent builder
can be either organic or inorganic in nature. They
function as detergency builder materials in the laundering
solution.
Non-phosphorus detergent builders are generally
selected from the various water-soluble, alkali metal,
ammonium or substituted ammonium carbonates, silicates,
carboxylates, and polycarboxylates other than the polyp
acrylates as defined hereinafter, especially non-polymeric
polycarboxylates. Preferred are the alkali metal,
especially sodium, salts of the above. However, the
present compositions preferably contain less than about
I more preferably less than about 4%, by weigh* of
silicate materials for optimum granule volubility.
pacific examples of non-phosphorus,
inorganic builders-are sodium and potassium carbonate,
bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate, tetraborate decahydrate,
",,
I
and silicate having a molar ratio ox ion to alkali
metal oxide of from about 0.5 to about 4,0, preferably
from about 1.0 to about 2.4
An especially preferred detergency builder
is crystalline aluminosilicate Jon exchange material of
the formula
.
Naz[(AlO2)~SiO2)y~xH2O
wherein z and y are at least about 6, the molar ratio
of z to y is from about 1.0 to about 0~5 and x is from
about 10 to about 264. Amorphous hydrated aluminosilicate
materials useful herein have the empirical formula
MZ(ZAlO2-YSiO2)
wherein M is sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted
ammonium, z is from about 0.5 to about 2 and y is 1,
said material having a magnesium ion exchange capacity of
at least about 50 milligram equivalents of Cook hardness
per gram of an hydrous aluminosilicate.
The aluminosilicate ion exchange builder
materials herein are in hydrated form and contain from
about 10% to about 28% of water by weight if crystalline,
and potentially even higher amounts of water if amorphous.
Highly preferred crystalline aluminosilicate ion exchange
materials contain from about 18% to about 22% water in
their crystal matrix. The crystalline aluminosilicate
ion exchange materials are further characterized by a
particle size diameter of from about 0.1 micron to about
10 microns. Amorphous materials are often smaller, e.g.,
down to less than about Q.01 micron. Preferred ion
exchange materials have a particle size diameter of
from about 0.2 micron to about 4 microns The term
"particle size diameter" herein represents the average
_ 9 _
particle size diameter of a given ion exchange material
as determined by conventional analytical techniques
such as, for example, microscopic determination utilizing
a scanning electron microscope. The crystalline
aluminosilicate ion exchange materials herein are usually
further characterized by their calcium ion exchange
capacity, which is at least about 200 my. equivalent of
Cook water hardness/g. of aluminosilicate, calculated
on an an hydrous basis, and which generally is in the
10 range of from about 300 my. erg to about 352 my.
erg The aluminosilicate ion exchange materials
herein are still further characterized by their calcium
ion exchange rate which is at least about 2 grains Cay
gallon/minute/gram/gallon ox aluminosilicate (an hydrous
basis), and generally lies within the range of from
about 2 grains/gallon/minute/gram/gallon to about
grains/gallon/mlnute/gram/gallon, based on calcium ion
hardness Optimum aluminosilicate for builder purposes
exhibit a calcium ion exchange rate of at least about
grains/gallon/minute/~ram/gallon.
The amorphous aluminosilicate ion exchange
materials usually have a My + exchange capacity of at
least about 50 my. en. CaCO3/g. (12 my. My go and a
My++ exchange rate of at least about 1 gxain/gallon/
minute/gram/gallon. Amorphous materials do not exhibit
an observable diffraction pattern when examined by Cut
radiation (1.54 Angstrom Units).
A~uminosilicate ion exchange materials useful
in the pretty ox this invention are commercially
available. The aluminosilicates useful in this invention
can be crystalline or amorphous in structure and can
be naturally-occurring aluminosilicates or synthetically
derived. method for producing aluminosilicate ion
exchange materials is discussed in US. Patent 3,985,669,
35 Cromwell et at, issued October 12, 1976.
`'~,:`' i
,,
- 10 5
Preferred synthetic crystalline aluminosilicate
ion exchange materials useful herein are available under
the designations Zealot A, Zealot B, and elite X.
In an especially preferred embodiment, the crystalline
aluminosilicate ion exchange material is Zealot A and
has the formula
Allah (Sulks
wherein x is prom about 20 to about 30, especially about
27.
Water-solu~le, non-phosphorus organic builders
useful herein include the various alkali metal, ammonium
and substituted ammonium, carboxylates, polycarbo~ylates
and polyhydroxysulfonates. Examples of non-polymeric
polycarboxylate builders are the sodium, potassium,
lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid,
oxydisuccinic acid, mellitic acid, Bunsen polycarboxylic
acids, and citric acid. the compositions of this in-
mention only contain the limited amount of polyacrylate
defined hereinafter.
Other useful builders herein are sodium and
potassium carboxymethyloxymalonate, carboxymethyloxysuccinate,
cis-cyclohexanehexacarboxylate, cis-cyclopentanetetra-
carboxylate, and phloroglucinol trisulfonate~
Other suitable polycarboxylates are top
polyacetal carboxylates described in US. Patent 4,144,226,
issued March 13, 1979 to Crutch field, et at., and US.
Patent 4,246~495, issued March 27, 1979 to Crutch field,
et at.
These poly~cetal caxboxylates can be prepared
by bring together under polymerization conditions an
ester of glyoxylic acid and a polymerization initiator.
The resulting polyacetal carboxylate ester is then
attached to chemically stable end groups to stabilize
the polyacetal carbox~late against rapid depolymerization
in alkaline solution, converted to the corresponding
salt, and added to a surfactant.
Other detergency builder materials useful
herein are the "seeded builder" compositions disclosed
in Belgian Patent No. 798,856, issued October 29, 1973.
Specific examples of sun seeded builder mixtures are:
3:1 wt. mixtures of sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate
having 5 micron particle diameter; 2.7:1 wt. mixtures of
sodium sesquicarbonate and calcium carbonate having a
particle diameter of 0.5 microns; 20:1 wt. mixtures of
sodium sesquicaxbonate and calcium hydroxide having a
particle diameter of 0.01 micron; and a 3:3:1 wt.
mixture of sodium carbonate, sodium acuminate and calcium
oxide having a particle diameter of 5 microns.
Preferably the builder is selected from the
group consisting ox zealots, especially Zealot A;
carbonates, especially sodium carbonate; and citrates,
especially sodium citrate.
Soaps, as described herein before, can also
act as builders depending upon the pi of the wash solution,
the insolubility of the calcium and/or magnesium soaps,
and the presence of other builders and soap dispersants.
The compositions herein preferably contain from
about 0% to about 6%, preferably from about 0.5% to about
I and most preferably from about I to about I by
weight of an alkali metal silicate having a molar ratio
of Sue to alkali metal oxide of prom about 1.0 to about
30 3.2, preferably from about 1.6 to about 2.4. Sodium
silicate, particularly one having a molar ratio of from
about 1.8 to about 2.2, is preferred.
The alkali metal silicates can be purchased
in either liquid or granular Norm. Silicate slurries
can conveniently be used to avoid having to dissolve the
- 12
dried form in the aqueous slurry (eye, crutches mix
of the components herein.
Polyacrylate Polymer
The compositions of the present invention
contain from about 0.3~ to about 5%, preferably from
about 1.0~ to about I and more preferably from about
1.5~ to about 2%, by weight of a polyacrylate polymer
having a molecular weight of from about 2,000 to about
10,000, preferably from about 3,000 to about 8,000, and
10 more preferably from about 3,000 to about 6,0Q0.
Optimum volubility of the polymer is obtained when it is
in the form of an at least partially neutralized alkali
metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium (erg , moo-,
dip or triethanol ammonium) salt. Thy alkali metal,
especially sodium, salts are most preferred.
Lower levels of polyacrylate are preferred
for cost reasons and there is less chance of an adverse
effect on other detergent properties, e.g., cleaning of
other soils, performance by minor ingredients such as
enzymes or brighteners, etc.
Suitable polymers herein are the at least
partially neutralized salts of polymers of acrylic
acid. One can also use copolymers formed with small
amounts of other copolymerisable monomers. The percentage
by weight of the polymer units which is derived from
acrylic acid is preferably greater than about 80%.
Suitable copolymerisable monomers include, fox example,
methacrylic acid, hydroxyacrylic acid, vinyl chloride,
vinyl alcohol, foreign acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile,
vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate,
styrenes al~ha-methylst~rene, vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl
ether, vinyl propel ether, acrylamide, ethylene,
propylene and botanic acid.
Preferred copolymers of the above group
contain at least about 90% by weight of units derived
. i ,
- 13 -
prom the acrylic acid. Preferably essentially all of the
polymer is derived from acrylic acid. Particularly
preferred is sodium polyacrylate, especially when it has
an average molecular weight of prom about 3,00~ to about
6,000.
Optional Components
Tune compositions of the invention preferably
contain from about 0.3% to about 6.0%, preferably from
about 0.5~ to about 4.0%, and more preferably from about
0.7% to about 3.0% by weight of a water soluble polymeric
material, or mixtures thereof, containing at least about
50~ ethylene oxide by weight, said polymer or mixtures
thereof having a melting point not less than about 35~C,
Preferably the polymeric material will have a melting
point not less than about 45C, more preferably not less
than about 50C and most preferably not less than about
55C. Because the polymeric materials useful in the
practice of the invention are generally mixtures
representing a range of molecular weights, the materials
tend to soften and begin to become liquid over a range
of temperatures of from about 3C to about 7C above
their melting point. Mixtures of two or more polymeric
materials can have an even wider range.
Preferred polymers contain at least about
70% ethylene oxide by weight and more preferred polymers
contain at least about 80% ethylene oxide by weight.
Polyethylene glycol which can be said to contain
essentially 100% ethylene oxide by weight is particularly
preferred.
Preferred polyethylene glycols have an
average molecular weight at least about 1000, and more
preferably from about 2~00 to about 20,000 and most
preferably Rome about 3000 to about`l0,000~
Other suitable polymeric materials are the
35 condensation products of Clue alcohols or C8_18 alkyd
aye
- 14 -
phenols with sufficient ethylene oxide, not less than
about 50% by weight of the polymer, so that the resultant
product has a melting point above about 35C.
Block and heteric polymers based on ethylene
oxide and propylene oxide addition to a low molecular
weight organic compound containing one or more active
hydrogen atoms are suitable in the practice of the invent
lion. Polymers based on the addition of ethylene oxide
and propylene oxide to propylene glycol, ethylenediamine,
and trimethylolpropane are commercially available under
the trademarks "Pluronics'~ "Pluronic"~R, "Tetronics'~
and "Pluradots'~ from the BASS Wyandotte Corporation of
Wyandotte, Michigan. Corresponding nonproprietary
names of the first three trademarks are poloxamer,
meroxapol and poloxamine, respectively.
Preferably these ethylene oxide polymers are
incorporated into the detergent crutches and dried with
a major portion of the detergent composition when forming
granular compositions.
Other ingredients commonly used in detergent
compositions can be included in the compositions of the
present invention. These include solvents, delineates,
sources of ionic strength, color speckles, bleaching
agents and bleach activators, suds boosters or suds
suppressors, anti-tarnish and anti-corrosion agents,
soil release agents, dyes, fillers, optical brighteners,
germicides, non-builder alkalinity sources, enzymes,
enzyme-stabilizing agents, and perfumes.
ye following non-limiting examples illustrate
I the detergent compositions of the present invention
-11 percentages, parts, and ratios used herein
are by weight unless otherwise specified
..
. .
- 15
EXAMPLE 1
Component it %
A B
No C13 alkylbenzene sulfonate (CLAUS 7.3 9.25
No Clue 15 alkyd sulfate (Clue ASSAY) 7.3 9.25
Clue 13 alkylpolyethoxylate (6.5) stripped
to remove unexthoxylated alcohol and
monoethoxylated alcohol (C12_13 En 5) 2.0
C12 alkyltrimethylammonium chloride I _
No Zealot A, hydrated ~2-3~) 23.8 23.8
10 Nikko 13.1 13.1
No silicate (1.6r) 1.0 1.0
Nazi, water, minors, No polyacrylate
as indicated etc. ----Balance----
The above compositions with the indicated
amounts of the indicated sodium polyacrylates were tested
in automatic mini washers with assorted soils and stains
present including the particulate soil (clay) that defines
the "Cleaning Index". The "Cleaning Index" is obtained
by finding the panel score grades for each product using
a scale in which 0 means "There is no difference."; 1
means "I think 1 see a difference."; 2 means "I see a
difference."; and 3 means "I see a big difference.". The
control product contains no polyacrylate and the best
performing product is set at 100 with all other grades
being ranked as a percent of the difference.
Test 1
Conditions; 95F; indicated water hardness;
Product A with different molecular weight sodium polyp
acrylates at the 1.5~ level.
,.,
I
Polyac~ylate molecular weight Cleaning
as indicated Index LSD
Polycotton Fabric, 12 grains per gallon
none Q 30
650 71 30
2000 57 30
4500 100 30
Cotton Fabric, 12 grains per gallon
none 0 30
650 45 30
4500 100 30
Polyester and Cotton Fabric (Polycotton~, 5 grains per
gallon
none 0 30
650 0 30
~500 100 30
Test 2
Conditions: 95~F, indicated hardness, Product
B with 1.5~ of sodium polyacrylate with the indicated
molecular weight.
Cleaning
Index LSD
Cotton Fabric (12 gig)
none 50
4500 100 50
8840
15,000 0 50
60, on -167 50
Polycotton Fabric (5 gig
none , 0 40
4500 100 40
guy 100 40
15,000 ' 46 40
60,000 -31 I
,` lo
- 17 -
Cleaning
Cotton Fabric (5 gig) Index LSD
none 0 30
4500 100- 30
8840 70 30
15,000 -20 30
60,000 -2Q0 30
As can be seen from the above, there is
essentially no benefit from using a polyacrylate with a
molecular weight above about 10,000 and for a consistent
meaningful benefit, the molecular weight should be less
than about 8,000. For optimum performance, the molecular
weight should not exceed about 6,000. Polymers containing
less than 100%, e.g., 80%, acrylate monomers can be used
5 with substantially equivalent results.
Test 3
Conditions: 95F; under built, and Product A
containing the indicated amounts of No Zealot A and
No Polyacrylate (MOW. 4500).
Cleaning Index LSD
Polycotton
solute Cotton Fabric Fabric
none 23 0 0 25
1.5 23 100 I 25
9.6 18 85 100 25
11.8 none 72 59 25
As can be seen from the above, the clay imp
provement is essentially independent of the amount of
other detergent builder present and there is essentially
pa no advantage in using more than about 5% of the polyp
acrylate.
EXAMPLE 11
-Component %
CLAUS 10
35 CASEY 10
us
- 18 -
'Conlponent - %
No Zealot I, hydrated (yo-yo) 24.4
Nay C3 5
No silicate (1.6r) 2
No sulfosuccinate 2
Polyethylene glycol (MOW. -SEIKO 1.5
Minors including protozoa and aimless,
Nazi and water Balance
The above composition was prepared as a spray-
dried granule and tested with (control) and without 1.5%
added sodium polyacrylate (MOW. 4500). The temperature
was 95F., the water had 10 grains/gal. hardness and
the results in panel score grade units difference were
as follows for clay removal.
Clay on cotton fabric: 0.9 LSD=0.51
Clay on polycotton fabric: 1.0 LSD=0.41
Based on these results, it is clear that a
small amount of a low molecular weight polyacrylate
provides a substantial cleaning boost or clay removal.
Preferred compositions are (1) spray-dried
detergent granules wherein at least the surfactant and,
preferably, the detergent builder are both in the deter-
gent crutches mix prior to spray drying and (~) liquid
compositions.
I,
