Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
~3~ 32i.
IR 4223
~TEROE NT COMP05~TION
BACKGROUND OF TEE INVENTION
This iDvention relate~ to compositions in the form of liquits, ~pray~,
gels, and p~te6, ~hich remove dr~ed-on ~nd cooked-on food ~nd other
di~ficult-to-remove 60ils from kitchen utensila, flat~areO di~hes,
glass~are, cookware, bake~re, cooking surfaces, and s~rrouDding areas iD
a convenient, easy. timely. snd mild manner.
Of the difficult-to~remove soils. the mo~t se~ere is the b~ked and/or
burned-on (especially when reheated and/or allo~ed to build up over
; time). Soil cstegories include grea~e. meat (including ~in), dairy.
fruit pie filling, carbohydrate. and s~arch. ~olled substra~e categ~rie~
include aluminu~, iron, stainless ~teel. ena~eI, Corningwsre, Pyre ~ a~d
other glAss coo~are. ~ I
Current ligh~ dutj liquid detergent~ ~re drsmatically deficient i~ !
these areas. The con~u~er ha8 to soak ~o;led i~ems for long periods~of
ti~e in t~ese solution~. a~d then uBe harsh cleacing ~ethode (scouring
with ~teel ~ool or scouri~g cleanser) :to re3ve the remai~i~g 80il.
_ ~ To speed up the proces~ and increase efficacy of cleaning ~hes~ s~ils,
the consumer ~ill re~or~ to heat. scraping, 8~d harsh c~icals ~e.g.
causeic oven clesners).
I Deficiencies in these cle~ning methoda include ti~e con~umption for
I soaking and ~couring~ phy~ical ef fort required ~or scouring and scraping,
i irritation to hends from ~arsh cleaning ehe~icals a~d method~, dama8e to
object~ from h~r~h chemicals and methods? unpleasa~t fu~e~ ~d dors~ and
danger fro~ bested solutions. Though non-ceD~tic clea~er~ are li~ted i~
the literature~ none are directed ~o the cleaning compo~i~io~ of the
preaent invention.
~ T~ ft p~
~3~6~ 62301-1~66
BRIEF DESC~IPTION OF THE INVE~TION
The liquid pre-spotting compositions of the present
invention consist of five major components. The firs~ three
(the ternary system) include surfactants ~nonionic, anionic and
their combinations), builder salts, and an amine. The fourth
component is water, and the fifth is a solvent system by which
the efficacy of the ternary system is enhanced. Such solvent
system utilizes specific individua:l organic solvents or certain
binary solvent systems comprising mixtures of at least two
organic solvents. These compositions ma~ be formulated as
clear, single-phase liquids, sprays, gels, or pastes and
dispensed from bottles, pump sprays, aerosol cans, squeeze
bottles, or paste dispensers. ~t has been found that applying
the caustic-free compositions of the present invention to
soiled surfaces removes the above mentioned soils at ambient
temperature in a relatively short period of time Ifrom 10 to 30
minutes) without need for heat, long soaking times, scouring,
or harsh chemicals.
Formulations according to the present invention
comprises a liquid, non-caustic pre-spotting composition to
remove cooked-on, baked-on, or dried-on food residues from hard
surfaces ~hich comprises:
a. from about 1 to 40%, and preferably 4 to 20%, of a
surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic
surfactants, nonionic surfactants and mixtures thereof;
b. from about 1 to 10% of a builder selected from the
group consisting of polyphosphates, pyrophosphates, citrates,
and carbonates and mixtures thereo~;
c. from about 0.2 to 2% of an amine seleGted from the
group consisting of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and
-triethanolamine and mixtures thereof;
~3~ 62301-14~6
d. water; and
e. further comprising from 3 to 50% of a solvent, which
solvent is selected from the groups consisting of:
i~ sulfolane, propylene glycol monomethyl ether
acetate, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene
glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene ylycol monoethyl
ether acetate, diethylene glycol climethyl ether, ethylene
glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, and
mixtures thereof;
ii~ diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene
glycol monobutyl ether, and N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone and mixtures
thereof; and
iii) a mixture of two solvents, the first such
solvent comprising 5-17~ of an acetate selected from the group
consisting of ethyl acetate and n-propyl acetate, and the
second such solvent comprising 15-34% o~ a solvent selected
from the group ~onsisting of acetone, N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone
and methyl ethyl ketone, wherein the ratio of the first solvent
to the second solvent may range from 1:4 to 1:2.
Additionally, such formulations may include:
f. up to about 22~ imidazole; and
g. up to about 6~ of a foam booster, a foam stabilizer,
and a viscosity adjusting agent or mixtures thereof.
It has now been found that the problem of removing
cooked-on and dried-on food residues from utensils, dishes,
etc., can be resolved by applying thereto for a relatively
short time (10-30 minutes) the pre-spotting composition of the
present invention.
In accordance with the invention, the removal of
cooked-on soils is thus effected by: contacting such soiled
dishes, bakeware, or utensils with an effective amount of the
~3`~ 62301-1~66
above-identified pre-spotting compositions; allowing an
effective amount of time (at least about 10 minutes) for the
composition to soak through the soil; and then rinsing the
affected soiled surfaces to remove the pre-spotting composition
and the loosened soil.
KEY TO INGREDIENTS HEREIN
AEOS - Alcohol ethoxylate sulfate
Butoxydiglycol (CTFA name) - Diethylene glycol
monobutyl ether-Butyl Carbitol* - ~nion Carbide.
Butoxyethanol (CTFA name) - Ethylene glycol monobutyl
ether-Butyl Cellosolve* - Union Carbide.
C14 TAB - Myristyl trimethyl ammonium bromide
*Trade Mark
3a
~6
A
Cocamide DEA (CTFA n~me) - Coconut diethanolamida - 2~onoamid 150 ADD
- Mona
Cocoamidopropyl Betai~e - Surco Coco Betaine - O~y~
DEA - Diethanol~mine
EDTA - ~thylene diAmine tetra acetic acid, sodium salt
Lauric/~yri~tic Diethanolamide - The fatt~ acid of the a~ide i~ a
mi~ture of lauric and myristic ~cids, us~slly in a proportion of
1:3 to 3:1 and preferably about 1~1. Thu~, such materi~l i8
reslly 8 miature of two different diethunol~ides but is
generally named for convenience as lauric/myristic diet~anola~ide
or LMDEA. `
LDBS - Sodium linear dodecyl benzeDe ~lfonate (55~ A.I.)
MEA - Mo~oethanol~mine
NMP - N-meth~l 2-pyrrolidone
Pareth 25-9 (~TFA n~me) - Polyethylene glycol ether mi~ture of
synt~etic Cl2_~5 fatty slcohols ~i~h any sverage of 9 moles of
etbylene o~ide - Neodol 25-9 (Shell)
Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate (CTFA na~e) - ~amposyl L-30 - ~.R. Grace
, (30S A.I.) ~
_ i Sodium Pareth-25 Sulfate (CTFA na~ - Sodium salt of a sulfated
,1 polyeth~lene glycol elther of a mi~t~re of ~y~thetic C12 15
:,
! fatty alcoh~ls - Neodol 25-3S (Shell)
I Sulfolane - Tetramethyl sulfone tetrahydrotbioph~ne - 1,1 - dio~ide
i TEA - Triethanolamine
TKPP - Teltrapotassiu~ pyrophosphate
D~TAILED D~SCRIPTION 0~ TH~ I ~ NTION
The prP-spotting composition6 of thi~ i~ve~tio~ ar~ e~e~tially
comprised of lthe follo~ing componeDts: surf-ct~nt, builder9 alksuola~ne,
. solvent 8~8te~, and ~ater. In ~ddition to the ~bove ingredients, the
compositions of ~hi8 inYentiCn ~a~ cont~i~ otber ~bst~nce~ ~enerally
preoent in de1;er~eDt c0~08itioDB. For e~a~ple~ tbe co~po dt~o~ ~y b~
thi~ke~ed if deeirod by thQ Rddition of k~n ~iscosity ~cr2a0~ng.
thiso~ropic, o~ coel&stic ~8enta. Foan ~tdb~tl~ng ~8e~t~ o
~ ~ t~R~
~L30~;9~1
incorporated, and other ingredient~ which may normally be pre~ent include
preservatives, humectantg, foam boosters, anti-foa~ing agents,
dispersants, pH modifier~, colorants, and perfume~. There may slso be
pre6ent, if desired, imidazole.
According to a ~irst embotiment of tho inven~ion, ~he ~urfactant,
~hich is present in the aunt of 1-10% of the co~position, i8 selQcted
from the group consisting of nonionic surfactant~, anionic surfactants,
and their combin~tions. Prefersbly, the ~urfactant iB pre~e~t in the
amount of 1-5%.
The nonionic surfactsnt~ preferably, i8 conprised of one or 6 mi~ture
of primary alcohol etho~ylates or secondary alcohol etho~yl~te~ or alkyl
phenol ethosylate6. The primary slcohol etho~ylates are repre~ented b~
the general formula:
R-0-(CH2-C92-Q)~_~
wherein R i~ an alkyl radical h~ving from 9 to 16 carbon atoms ~nd the
number of ethoxylate group~. n. is fro~ 5 ~o 12. Commercislly a~ailable
nonionic surfactants of this type ~re ~old by Shell Che~ical Co~pan~ under
tra,d~r~ay,~
the tradename Neodol and by Union Casbide Corporation under tb~-So-~s:loYr-
Tergitol.
The secondary alcohol etho~ylates are represe~*ed b~ she general
formula:
!
C~3-(CH2)~-~CH-(c~2)y 3
l . l
(C 2 2 )n
Wherein ~y i8 from 6 to 15 and the ~umber of etho~ylate group~, n. i~
fro~ 5 to 12. Commercially ~ail~ble surfactant~ of thi~ typ~ sre sold by
Unio~ Carbide CDrporatio~ ~der the trad~am~ T~rgitol S ~erie~
~urfsctanta, ~lth Tsrgitol 15-S-9 ~T 15-S-9) bei~g pre~e~red ~or u~o
herei~.
%~L j
The alkyl phenol etbo~ylates are reprcsented by the general for~ula:
R-tphenyl)-O~(CH2-CH2-O)
where the n~mber of ethoxyla~e group8, n, i8 from 8 to 15, and R is an
alkyl radical having 8 or 9 carbon atoms. Com~ercially avail~ble nonionic ,~
surfa~tsnts of thi~ typ~ are sold by Rohm and Haas Company under the
~1 t 1~4~ s
tr=hr=:-o~Triton N and Triton ~ series.
The anionic surfactant i8 pre:ferably co~pri6ed of paraffin ~ulfonate~,
60dium alkyl sul~ates, and alkyl benzene sulfonateaJ such a~ 60dium linear
tridecyl or dodecyl benzene sulfoDate, sodium and/or a~monium alcohol
3-eth~y sulfate (ABOS). sodium lsuroyl. cocoyl or myristoyl sarco~inate
i or a combination thereo
! The surfactant in the ternary ~ystem csn be anionic, nonionic or ~
, combination thereof, a~ ahown below: ¦
i Soil 11
Sub~trate ~&~ milk-e~ &~ milk-e~g j
Te~t Liquid ~lass _ RlAe~ Al SS
T 15-S-9/~gPP/TEASR=88Z ~lOOS 100~ 97S
(1%~ /0.;~)
Pareth 25-9/TXPP/T~A7C~ 9~% 90% 94%
LDBS/A~OS/TKPP/TEA100~ 100~ 94~ lOU~
.I tO.575%/0.425%/1~/0.2%)
COMMæRCIAL ~LDLD) ~130% 15% 18S 19%
¦ COMMERCIAL (LDLD) ~2 47~ 20~ 18~ 22~
¦ It has been ~ound, ho~ever. that cationic surfactant~ ~dversely aff~ct
¦ the soil removsl efficiency o~ the ternar~ 8y8tem, a~ ~ho~n below:
ilk~ /Glas~ Gln~
T 15-S-9/TKPP/T~ 7~% ~ 10~%
(l/l/0.2)
,1
T l5-S-9/TKPP/TEA/C TAB 5% 15%
(1/1/0.2/O.jj
1~069Zl
! The composition also contain~ up ~o 10% of a builder ~alt or
electrolyte, which i~ compri~ed of phosphates, uch ~ tetrapotassium
pyrophosphate, sodium tripolypho~phate; carbonate6, auch as sodium
carbonatel, sodium ~euquicarbDna~e and sodium bicarbonute; citrstes, ~uch a~
60dium citrate; and sodiu~ ethylene diamine tetr~ acetate. The prefer~ed
~mount of the builder in the composition iEi 1%.
Up ~o about 2% of an amine i8 al~o present. This ~ise co~priEee an
I alkAnol~mine, nsmely monoethanolsmine~ dieth~nola~a~e or triethanolQmine.
i About 0.2% of the alkanoldm,ine in the composition is preferred.
The solvent co~priFe~ sbout 15-50X of the compositio~ e eolve~t
, being binary in naSure, The fir6t ~ol~en~ compriaes ~bout 5-17S of an
¦ acetate ~elected from the group consi~ti~g of ethyl acetate ~nd n-propgl
acetate. The second ~olvent co~priFes ~bout 15-34% of acetoneD N-methyl,
2-pyrrolidone And methyl ethyl ketone.
The ratio of the fir~,t ~olvent to tSe seco~d s~lvent may ran8e from
1:4 to 1:2.
Water complete~ the bslance of the co~position, the pH of which i~
, about 9,
¦ The pr~-spotting rompo~itions of the first e~bodiment of the preEent
_ ¦ invention will n~w be illu~trated by the follo~ing e~ples, wherei~ oll
'~ parts and percentageg are by ~eight and ~11 temper~ture,~, in degrees
,~ Cel6ius unlees other~ise i~dicated.
:
. .
3~
E~AMPLB A
Compo6ition ~1 ~2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6
,,. ,~
Tergitol 15-S-9 1% 1% 1% 1%
Sodium Linesr Dodecyl
Ben7ene Sulfonate - - - ~ .575% 575
Ammonium Alcchol 3E0
~hogysulfate - ~ 0.425% 0.425%
Tetrapota6~ium
Pyrophosphate 1% 1% 1~ lZ
Triethanolamine 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% ___ -O.ZS ~
Ethyl Acetate _ - 16.7Z 7 5% _ 7.5% 7.5% 7.5X
Acetone - 33.3% 22.5% 22.5~ 22.5~ 22.5
Wster snd minor
- inRredients ~ --B A L A N C ~ - - - - - - - -
P~ . 9 . ~ 9 . ~ 9 . 9
The foregoing formul~tions at use concentsation~ ~ere then applied to
60iled sub6trate6 which were prepared and tested a8 follows:
Soil/Sub6trate Preparstion
Three types of substrates ~ere uaed i~ the e~es~senez:
1. Precleaned gl8B8 micr3slide~ ~25 x 75 mm) [products of
Sargent-~elch~.
1 2. Stainless s~eel planchets (2" dia~eter~ [prcducts of Intero~ Co].
_ ' 3. Aluminum coupons (25 x 75 ~m~ were-~de b~ a machine ~hop.
;I Model food 60il~ included milk, milk-egg mi~ture, egg, ~lour-2gg
I mlYture and Crisco ~horteni~g. They were applied uniformly onto the
sub6trates.
The baking conditions for ~arious 60il~ are 6ho~n
in Table I.
-â-
ll
~3~Zl
!
TABLe I
Soil
Sub6trate Milk-E~ Crisco-Shortenin~ Crisco Shortenin~
Bsking Condition Glas~ Alumi~um Stainle~s Steel
- Temperature (degrees Cel~iu~) 195 195 190
___________~_________ ___~____________ _
Time 30 min 1 hr 50 min 1 hr 45 min
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,
Soiled subetrates were then sosked in the test formulation~ and 3% (b~
weight) commercial LDLD'6 ~t 45 degrees Celsiu~ for ~srious le~g~h o t~e
depending on the soil-~ub~trate. The result~ are shown in Table II.
!
Soaking and Soil Removing
'Soiled subst-ates ~ere soaked in the te~t detergen~ solu~ions for
I I various ~mounts of time at either ambient te~perature or 45 degree~
Celsius depending on the soil/substrate co~biDation~. The loosened soils
were removed by either hasdwiping with a Yet 6ponge or machine ~iping ~ith
a sponge attsched to a G~rde~er Abrasion 'rester.
~ Soil removal efficiency (SR) is determ;ned by the percentage of soile
¦ removed
,~ SR = the weight of the 60il remo~d
Itotal soil weight
I Due to variations of e~perimental conditions, SR indicates only
! relati~e preformance smong the test eolutions carried ou~ in the
e~per=eDt, Dot D ~b8olDte v~lue.
. I
.
.
_D_ ~
3g3~
TABLE II
% SOIL R~MOVAL
soil
6ub~trate ~ ~ Crisco shortening
Product gla6sAlullinum Stainle~ Steel
E~ample ~1 73%7% oi
E~ample ~2 90%85% 95%
Example ~3 89X56% 92
Example ~4 92~: 83% 88~ 1
E~ample #5 65%87~; 92~ 1
Example ~6 79%4~ 91~
Commerci~l LDLD 3~1 21% 4~ 0%
Co~ner~ial LDLD ~2 ~2% 7~ 22
As is evident from the foregoing e~nples, the solve~t-containing
detergents (Example A, ~2~6) are ~ore effi~:aciou~ t~n a solvent-free
ternary component syf~tem (~ample A3 ~1). The ~proveme~t i8 partic~l~rly
dramatic for the baked-or 8rea~;e remo~7al. n?o factors - the total ~olve~t
content Pnd ethyl acetate: scetone ratio - are critical for determining
the ~oil remo~val e~ficie~cy. High~r ethyl acetate: acetone ratic ~d
higher total solvent conce~tra~ion are stroDgly preferred.
These compo~itions may be prepared as follo~s
The builder salt (ioe. pota~sium~pyrophosphatei ~d ths all6~nol~s~e
(i.e. trieth~nolsmine) are dissolved in t~e ~oiEtened ~ater vith derate
stirring. The surf~ctaDt(s) ~d sol~rent~ sre t~en ~qdded ~dith 810~
~tirring until di6solved. The pH of the solution i~ adju6ted to 9 svith
sulfuric ~cid. Perfume, if u6ed, i~ added la~t.
While th~e foregoiDg co~positions give po~itive re~ult~, the lo~ flash
points of ~eversl of the 601~veDtE~ (ethyl acet~te - 3(3 ds8ree~ Fahrenheit
and scetone - O de8rees F~hrenheit~ make it prefer~ble to utilize 801~ent8
of higher bo~ g poin~s. Thi~ le~d~ to th~ seco~d e~bodi~ent of ~he
preaent in~velltio~.
-10-
~3~
Solvents of higher fla6h point that have been found to provide
pre-spotting action to remove coo~ed-on food resid~es from uten~ils sDd
bakewa~e with the other ingredients of this invention include: sulfolane,
propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate and diethylene glycol dimethyl
ether. Their fla~h poi~ts are 350 degrees Fahrenheit, 116 degree6
Fahrenheit, and 153 degrees Fahrenheit respectively. Moreover, propyleDe
glycol monomethyl ether acetate cl~ be replsced by dipropyle~e glycol
monomethyl e~her acet~te, ethylene glycol monoeth~l ether acetate or
diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate: snd diethylene glycol dimethyl
ether can be replaced by ethylene glycol dimethyl ether or diet~ylene
glycol diethyl ether.
Co~positions according to thia embodiment o the inve~tion comprise
surfsctant (1-5%), builder (lX), alkanolami~e (up to 0,%), water, and th~
solvents identified ~bove - either singly or in a combin~tion of two, ~o
loDg as the totsl solvent content iB between 15-50% of the co~position,
the pH of which i8 about 9.
The pre-spotting compositions of the ~econd embodiment of the present
invention will no~ be illu~trated by tbe follo~ing e~mplea, ~herein all
parts and percentages are by ~eight and all te~per~ture~ are in dPgrees
- Celsiu~ unless other~i6e indicated.
',
' -11-
-
~3~6~
E~AMPLE B
COMPOSITION ~1 #2 j3 ~4 J5 ~6
. . . _ _
Sodium Linear Dodecyl0.57%0.57% 0.57~0.57~ 0.57~ 0.57
Benzene Sulfonate
Ammonium Alcohol 3~0 0.42%0.4Z% 0.42~0.42~ 0.42% 0.42%
~thoxy6ulfate
Tetrapota6sium 1% 1% 1% lS lS 1%
Pyropho6phate
Triethanolamine 0.2% O.Z% 0.2Z 0.2%0.2~ 0.2%
Sulfolane - 15~ - _ 15% 15%
Propylene glycol - - 15% _ 15%
monomethyl ether acetate
Diethylene glycol - - - 15~ _ 15%
dimethyl ether
Water and Minor ~ B A L A N C E - - - - - - --
ingredients
pH 9 9 9 ~ 9 9
.~
Cleanin~ Te~t
The so~king and cleaning procedure~ are similar ~o those described
I abo~e, e.g., gla6s ~lides, sluminum coupons and stsinle6s steel planchets
were employed as substrates. Three type6 of 60ils - MiIk-egg~ egg, and
~~ ~ Cri~co hortening - were uniformly spplied onto the ~ubstrutes. Ihe
baki~g conditions for ~ariou6 ~oils are ho~n in Table III.
! TABLL III
Soil
Subfitrate
Milk-egg ~ Crisco Shortening Crisco Shortenin~
Bakin~ Condition gla6s ~las~ stainless steel Alu~inum -
Te~erature 190 190 190 190 _
Time 20 min 30 min 1 1/2 hour6 1 1/2 hour~
Soiled substrates were the~ soaked in the test formulation~ 8~ is and
I commercial LDLD's were diluted ~o 3% concentration at 45 degre 8 Cel~iu~
,I for an hour. The r~ult~ are sho~n iD Table IY.
)6 A17 ~
~3~
TABLE IV
~: SOIL RBMOVAL
Soil
Substrate
Milk-e~ ~Cri~co ShorteningCrisco Shorten~
Tsst liquid Glas6GlasaStainles~ S~eelAluminum
~3~ample L~l 86S 28% 7% 11%
~ ample ~2 79~ 90%50% 30g
E~ample ~3 28% 50%92% 85
Erample ~4 95% 30S37% 51~:
Example ~5 41% 74%97g 35%
~ample ~6 81~ 81%91% 66%
Commercial LDLD 29%1S% 0~ 7%
~1 - i
Commercial LDLD 17%152: 2% 10%
~2
The ~uperiority of the compo6itions of t~is inveution (E~ca~le~ ~2 - J6)
: !
over the non-solvent co~>o~ition ~E~an~le ~1) a~d the commercial LDLD~8 ig
`~ thus clearly demon6trat~d. These syctems are =ore ef~icaciou6 thsn their
respective non-eolvent containing coonterpart. The in~provemen~ ia
particulary noticeable for baked-o~l grease reD~val,
The compo~itions of the third en~>odiment of thi6 invention comprise
water" solvent, the ternary ~yatem, aad imidazole.
As reported in the literature (U.S. patents 3,819,~529 4,477,288;
and 4,537,638) imidazole ~as found to remove certsin organic matter.
However, iD U.S. 3,819"529 as~ a~yl or aryl (up to C6) substituted
itnidazole~ontaining composition was found effective as P pain~ ~tripping
composition. In V.S. 4,,477,288, imidazole and alkyl or aryl substituted
imidazoles ~ere found uaeful in removis~g soil on oven~, bEiking pa~, ~nd
barbecue rack~, and finishes, coatings, pa~t and the like, when conibined
with a glycol phenyl ather. However, to be effective, the colDpo~ition i~
spplied in dLry form snd tben he~ted to a temperature at ~hîch the
~L3~6~23
compoæition i8 rendered liquid or the organic mgtter containing 6urf~ce is
fir~t heated to a tempersture above the melting point of the compo~ition
and then the composition is sppliled thereto. In ~.S. 4.537.638, a
compoæition th~t removes organic 3nstter is alæo diæclo~ed which includes
an imidazole or an alkyl or aryl Isubstituted i~idazole, which, when
applied to baked-on food residues, required spplyiDg the composition to
the æoiled ~urface and then heatiDg ~ame or Applying t~e composition to a
pre-heated æoiled surface or applying the co~position and lea~ing it o~
the soiled ~urface for 16 hours.
It hss been found that when imidazole i8 combined ~ith the ternary
æyætem of the pre6ent invention, and an orgsnic 601Yent, a æynergi~tic
effect occurs~ i.e. D the 50il r~_0-~Bl 0~ the co~bination i8 greater than
either syætem alone. Such e~hance~ent i~ particularly no~ice&ble for
baked-on grease. These composition~ are effecti~e at ~ pH of 10.
Imidazole can be pre~e~t in the amount of 3-22Z. The ef~ect of ~arying
the concentration of imid~zole i~ show~ below: !
~XAMPLL C
.
Co~po~itio~s ~ 2 ~3 ~ 4 _
Imidazole 1.0 ~ 2.0 ~ 3.0 ~4.0 ~
LDBS 4.0 % 4.0 S 4.0 %4.0 S 'i
TKPP 6.0 % S.0 X 6.0 ~6.0 ~ ¦
TEA 0.75~ 0.75% 0.75%0-75
LMDEA 2.0 % 2.0 ~ 2.0 ~2.0 %
AEOS 3.0 % 3.0 % 3.0 %3.0 %
ButoxyethanoL 4.0 ~ 4.0 ~4.0 ~ 400 ~
DI Water 79.25%78.25% 77025% 76.25%
,1 I
21
I
TABLE V
% SOIL REMOVAL
soil
sub6trRte
Crisco
T2st Liquid Aluminum
E~ample tl 23S
Exsmple ~2 35
E~ample ~3 43~
Example ~4 53~ i
tap water 2
Commercial LDLD 18
The compo~i~ion~ of the tb~rd ~mbodiment of thi~ in~ention can be
~ummarized AB follows:
A. 3% to 2Z% imidazole,
B. 3% to 20~ solve~t, which c~n be Butyl Cellosol~e. Butyl Carbitol,
or N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone.
C. 0.5% to 2% of either triethanolamane, mo~oethanola~ine, or
dieth~nola~ine.
D. 2~ to 7~ of tetrapota~sium pyropho~phste or ot~er builder 6ueh a~
~odium or pot&ssium carbonate, sodium 6e~quicarbonate, sodium citrate
sodium tripolypho6phate. or ~odium bicsrbonate.
~ . 3% to 20~ of ~ ~urfactant, such a8 sodium linear tridecyl or
dodecyl benzene ~ulfonateD 60dium alcohol 3-ethoOEy ~ulfste, ~odium
lauroyl, cocoyl. or myristoyl sarco~inste~ or a &ombiD~tio~ thereof.
. up to 6% fonm boo~ter, ~ foa~ 6tabili~r, snd a v~sco~ity
adju6tiDg agent s`uch 88 cocomonoethanol~ulde, lnuryl/myristyl mono-
ethanolamide, coco betaine, lauryltmyri~Syl diethanola~ide, sodium
polyacrylate or polyacrylic acid.
G. ~ate~r.
The fin~ lon i~ 3dju~eed Jth ~lf~r:c eoid ~c a FH of lO.OO.
~l3616~
Repre6entative compo6itions of the third embodimant of thi~ invention
are a~ follow~:
EXAMRLE D
Composition ~ 2 ~3 ~4 ~5 ~6
Sodium Lauroy1 Sarcosinate - - 16.7% 10% - 16.7S
Conoamidopropyl Betsine 6S 6~
__
Cocoamide DEA - - - 6%
Imidazole 5% 5% 5% 5% 5%
TKPP 6~ 6% 6~ 6Z 2~ ~%
. _ _
Butoxydiglycol 4~ ~ ~ ~ -~ ~
Buto~yethanol - _ ~ ~ 4% 4% 4%
N-Methyl 2-Pyrrolidone _- 4%4X - - ~
T~A 1~ lS l.Z2 lZ lS 1.2
Sodium Pareth-25 Sulfate - - - - 3~ ~
LDB S r 4~ 4~ 4~
Sodium EDTA - - - - lZ _ _
Water (deionized3 74% 74g 67.1S _73S 80Z 67.1S
pH _ _ _ 10 10 10 10 10 10
Tha te~t composition6 were e~aluated on three soil~.
1. ~88 yolk ~a~ brushed onts 2" diameter sluminu~ planchets and dried~for
two hours at 80 degree~ Cel~iu~.
I
2. A solution of 10% mild cheddar ~hee~e wa~ dissol~ed in warm milk. The
solution wa~ baked oDtO 2" dia~eter Pyre~ Petri dishe~ ~t 175 degrees
Celsiu6 for 25 min.
3. Cri6co wa~ baked onto 2" diameter alu~inum planchet6 for 3 hour at
175 degree~ Cel6ius.
The te~l: liquid wa~ applied neat to the ~ilad are~ for 30 min. At
room temperature. The te6t 60il~ were ~hen inverted ~nd ri~ed in
l~ stsnding water ~ith ~igorou~ Bgitation for lQ ~econds. Percent 80il
¦¦ removal ~88 deter~ined by aY~rag~ng ~he ~i~ual e~timates of soil remoYal
¦ fro~ three replic~te~. The result~ are ~hown in Tsble Vl.
-16-
~3~ 2~
TABLE VI
% SOIL ReMOV~L
60il
substr~te
e~g~yoIk cheese/milk Crisco
Te6t Li~uid slumi~um py~ex aluminum
Example ~2 882 76% 75%
Commercial LDLD 17~ 0% 12%
tap water 27~ 3% 2%
~xample ~1 78X 70S 60%
Example ~4 93% 43% 2~%
Commercisl LDLD 35% lS 20%
tap water 7~ ~% _1~%
E~s~ple ~5 97S 80~ 13S
Commercial LDLD 30% 0~ 22%
t~ ster 8~ 2% _0
Example ~3 96% 91~ 47~
Example ~6 95% 95% 20S
Commercial LDLD 30g OX 22g
tap water _ 8~ 0~ 17S
The compo~itioDs of thi~ embodiment of tha in~eneion at a p~ of 10.00
~ere found to be equivalent in yerformance to commercial product~ of
higher pH and superior when those co~mercial product~ were adjusted to a
pH of 10.00. Moreo~er. these compositions are the faste~t acting of the
three embodiments disclosed herein, effectlYe about ter~ (10) m~nutes after
application to the soiled surface. ~,
A pre~i.ou~ly indicated, the compo~itio~ of t~e pre6e~t inv~ntion are
preferably iormulated a6 clear, Dingle phase liquids. Ho~ever. it iB
~ithin the ~it of thi~ invention to formulate the~e compositio=s a8
~el~, pa~te~?~ and aero~ol~, and they may be di~peDsed from both pump
., I
l -17- 1
~3~Z~L
sprayers and aero601 cang or bru6hed on. Prepa.ati~n of compositions
6uitable to be dispen6ed by aerosol or pump 6pray i6 ~ithin the ordinary
6kill in the art.
When it i6 de6ired to u6e a thickening, thixo~ropic, or p6eudo-plastic
agent with the compo6itions of the in~ention, for e~ample when the organic
mstter to be removed is OD a non~horizontsl 6urface and it i6 de~ir~ble to
maint~in contsct between the~e co~position~ ~nd the soiled surface, any
6uch agent, or mixture of two or more thereof, which i6 compatible with
the ingredients of the~e formulations may be used. U6eful organic
thic~ening agents include ~tarch, ~odium carbo~ymethylcellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose, methocel, and weter-soluble polymers 6uch as
A carboxy vinyl polymer (Carbopol6 - B.~. Goodrich Chemic~l Company), ~odium
polyacrylate, and polyacrylic acid. Thi~otropic agen~s i~clude inorganic
colloidal mseerial6 [clays] including Veegum (mBgnesium aluminum ~ilicste
- R.T. Vsnderbilt). Pseudo-plagtic or viscoela~tic materi~ls include the
d~ . .
org~nic gum~ such as xanthsn gum (Keltrol - ~elco Company), guar gum. and
locu6t bean gum. When u6ed, the thickening agent will typicall~ vary
between 0.1 to 6% by weight of the compositionO Generally, it i~ de~ired
to maintsin the Yiscosity of the6e for~ulation~ between 100 snd lOOO cpgO
_ If the viscosity is too low, the co~positions do not sdhere well to t~e
soiled surface~. If too high, it hss been found that the ef~icPc~ of
these compo~itions is dimini~hed.
Suitable foam booster~ and foam stabilizer~ includ~
cocomonosth~Dolamide, lauryl~myri~t~l monoeth~olamide, cocobetsine, snd
lauryl/myri~tyl diethanolamida.
These compositions may be prepared in the manner previou61y described
for preparing the compositions of thæ fir~t embodimeDt of the i~entlo=. I ,
-18-
~L3~6~
1,
A preferred composition accordiDg to the third embodi~ent of the
inVentioD C~D be prepared by mixing:
4 % Linear dodecyl benzene 6ulfonste
3 ~ Sodium C12 15 Alcohol 3-~tho~y Sulfate
4 ~ Butyl Cellosolve
0.75 ~ Triethanolamine
6 % Tetrnpotas~ium pyrophosphate
5 ~ Imidszole
1 % Lauric/myristic diethanolamide
0.05 % ~anthan gum
1.0 % Glycerin
1.0 % Colloidsl magnesiu~ aluminum silicate [Veegum PR0~ 1
73.8 % ~ater
0.4 % Perfume l
pH adju~ted to 10.0 ¦
The clay (colloidal~magnesium aluminum silicate) i8 added with high
hear to tbe softened ~ater and stirr}d for 30 mi~ute8. The xaDthan gum
is di~perssd in the glycerin. Thi8 mi~ture i~ then added with high shear
to the batch and stirred for 30 minutes. The imida~ole, pot~6siuD
pyropho~phate, a~d-triethanolamine sre add}d with moderate ~tirring u~til
dissolved. The lauric/myriatic dieth~nola~ide i8 dissol~ed in the alcohol
ethoxysulfate. This solution, sodium line~r dodecyl benzene ~ulfonate~
and butyl cellosolve are added to the batch with slow }tirring u~til
dissolved. The pH of the batch i6 adjusted to 10.0 ~ith ~ulfuric acid.
The batch is completed with the addition of the perfu~e.
The foregoing detailed de~cription of the in~ention i8 given by way o~
illustration only. ThuR, variationR may be made there ~ ~ithout departing
from the scope and ~pirit of the inveDtion.
_~9_ 1
