Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
11 3~3g~ 1
CRUSHING MACHlNE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVRNTION
Field of the Inven-tion:
This inven-tion relates to a crushing machine for
crushing stones and coals or -the like and, more
particularly, to a crushing machine su:itable for
collapsing massive substances.
Description oE -the Prior Art:
As one of crushing machines for collapsing
substances to be crushed, there is provided a gyratory
crusher, a cone crusher or like crushing machine. Each
of these crushing machines includes a cone cave, a
conical rotor disposed in the cone cave so as to permit
the eccentric turning motion and a drive mechanism for
rotating the rotor. When crushing is done, the rotor
turns to the cone cave at predetermined speed to thereby
press the subs-tances to be crushed against an inner
surface of the cone cave. By so doing, the substances
to be crushed are compressed and -then crushed.
However, since the conventional crushing machine
as noted above makes the rotor turn forcibly, it is
large in vibration.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to
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provicle a crush:ing machine which does not need -to give
the turning motion to crushing means.
A crushing machine according to the present
inven-tion comprises crushing means including a first
ro-tary member rotatable about a first axis and a second
ro-tary member for crushing substances to be crushed in
cooperation with the first rotary member, the second
rotary member being rotatable about a second axis
parallel to or inclined to the first axis and defining,
in cooperation wi.th the first rotary member, a crushing
chamber for crushing the substances to be crushed, guide
means for receiving the substances and then guiding the
received substances to the crushing chamber and drive
means for rotating the firs-t or second rotary member.
In a preferred embodiment, each ro-tary member
includes a rotor, and the guide means includes a hopper.
Further, according to one of preferred embodiments, each
rotary member is disposed to be rotatable about a
vertically ex-tending axis. According to ano-ther
preferred embodiment, each rotary member is disposed to
be rotatable about a horizontally extending axisa
The first and second rotary members have
respectively first and second crushing surfaces for
defining the crushing chamber in cooperation with each
other. The first and second crushing surfaces are
preferably formed into convex and concave surfaces
respectively so that a distance between the first and
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second crushing sur:Eaces is gradually reduced from an
inlet for receiving the subs-tances to be crushed toward
an outle-t for -the use of crushed granular substances.
In -this case, each of the first and second crushing
surfaces may be formed into a semispherical shape or a
conical shape.
Preferably, -the crushing machine fur-ther
comprises support means for suppor-ting bo-th of the first
rotary member and the guide means and deEining a space
for receiving the crushed granular substances Erom the
crushing chamber. In this case, the support means
preferably includes a first support member for
supporting the first rotary member, a second support
member removably connected to the first support member
and a spacer interchangeably disposed between the first
and secorld support members, wherein the second rotary
member is suppor-ted by the guide means or second support
member.
Preferably, the crushing machine further
comprises first support means for supporting the guide
means, second annular suppor-t means for rota-tably
supporting the ~irs-t rotary member and supported by the
first support means such that -the second annular support
means is angularly ro-tatable about a third axis
displaced from the first axis, and means for regulating
the angular rotating position of the second support
means relative -to the firs-t support means. In this
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a,
case, the regulati.ng means preferably includes a spring
for exerting such force as to rota-te the second support
means in -the direction opposite -to the ro-tational
direction of the first rotary m~mber, an arm mounted on
the second support means and a stopper mounted on the
first support means and capable of being brought into
engagement with the arm.
Furthermore, i-t is preferable that the crushing
machine has the firs-t and second rotary members so
arranged as -to make the firs-t axis parallel to the second
axis and that the portions oE the first and second
rotary members -to define the outlet for -the use of
granular subs-tances are respec-tively formed into planes
parallel to each other. In this case, the planes
defining the outlet for the use of granular substances
are preferably formed into planes orthogonal to the
first and second axes.
One of the first and second rotary members is
forcibly rotated by the drive means, while the other is
rotated following the rotation of one rotary member by
brinying the substances to be crushed guided to the
crushing chamber into engagement with both oE the rotary
members. At this time, both of the rotary members are
rotated under the condition that they are displaced from
each other since their first and second axes are
eccentric from each other or cross each other.
Further, both of the rotary members may be
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forcibly rotated by the common drive means or different
drive means.
When at least one of the ro-tary members is
rotated, -the first and second rotary members are rnade -to
bring about such rela-tive mo-tion -that they come closer
to each other a-t a portion around each of the first and
second axes while they are separated away from each
other at another por-tion~ As a result, the substances
to be crushed are sandwiched be-tween the first and
second rotary members and thereaf-ter crushed according
to the relat.ive motion o:E both oE the ro-tary members.
According to the present inven-tion, si.nce the
first and second ro-tary members are only rotated about
the first and second axes respectively without any
turning, the vibrations are remarkably reduced in
comparison with the conventional crushing machine which
gives the turning motion to the rotary members.
In the crushing machine of the present invention,
both of the rotary members are preferably rota-ted in the
same direction at high speed. By so doing, since not
only the substances to be crushed but also the crushed
granular substances are rotated at high speed, large
centrifugal force acts on both of the substances to be
crushed and the granular substances, so that the
substances to be crushed and granular substances may be
forcibly moved. Accordingly, a capacity for processing
is improved and the outlet of the crushing chamber for
~L3~L3~3~P~
the use oE granular subs-tances may be reduced in size in
comparison with the conventional crushing machine, in
which the crushed substances are dropped from the
crushing chamber by -the gravity..
According to one aspect of -the invention, $ince
the substances to be crushed are easily put between the
first and second crushing surEaces, the subs-tances to be
crushed may be securely crushed to improve the capacity
for processing.
According to o-ther aspect of -the invention, since
the crushed granular substances are received on the
support means, it is possible to prevent the granular
substances from spattering and a discharge port for
discharging the granular substances may be disposed in
any direction around the crushing chamber.
According to other aspect of the invention, since
use is made of the spacer which is proper in thickness,
it is possible to change each gap between the first and
second crushing surfaces, a gap between the respective
portions of the outlet of the crushing chamber for the
use of granular substances and a relative positional
relationship between the first and second ro-tary
members.
According to other aspect of the invention, when
the second support means is rotated about the third
axis, the angular rotating position of the second
support means relative to the first support means is
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changed, so tha-t the displacemen-t between the first and
second rotary members is changed. Therefore, the
displacemen-t be-tween bo-th the ro-tary members may be
easily adjusted to thereby adjust the capacity for
processing depending upon the kind of substances to be
crushed.
~ ccording to other aspec-t oE -the inven-tion, since
the displacemen-t between the first and second rotary
members is lessened when a load acting on -the drive
means is large, while -the displacement as noted above i5
increased when the load is small, the capacity for
processing may be automa-tically adjus-ted depending upon
the kind, size and quantity of substances to be crushed,
so that the optimum processing efficiency may be always
maintained.
According to other aspect of the invention, each
gap between the respective portions of the outlet for
the use of granular substances around each of -the first
and second axes may be held constant.
According to other aspect of the invention, even
if the displacement between the first and second rotary
members is changed, any gap between the respective
portions of the outlet for the use of granular
substances around each of the first and second axes is
not varied.
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BRIEF DESCRIPT:tON OF' THE DRAWINGS
The foregoing and other objects and features of
the invention will become apparen-t Erom the following
description oE preferred embodiments of -the invention
with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sec-tional view
showing an embodimen-t of a crushing machine according to
-the present inven-tion;
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sec-tional view
showing another embodiment of the crushing machine
according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along a line 3-3
in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view
showing a further embodiment of the crushing machine
according to the present invention; and
Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along a line 5-5
in Fig. 4.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A vertical crushing machine 10 as shown in Fig. 1
comprises a tubular body 12. The body 12 includes a
cylindrical main body 14 and flanges 16, 18 provided on
opposite ends of the main body in the axial direction.
The body 12 is installed on a frame bed 20 in the lower
flange 16 by a plurality of bolts so that an axis of the
main body 14 extends in the vertical direction.
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A plura:Lity oE arms 22 ex-tending inwardly from an
inner surface of the main body 14 are provided in the
body 12 and fixedly at-tached -to a boss 24. A first
rotor 26 is rotatably supported by the boss 24 -through a
bearing 28. The boss 24 and Eirst rotor 26 are so
arranged tha-t thei.r axes extend in -the vertical
direction.
Ilolders 30, 32 for the use of -the bearing 28 are
respec-tively ~ounted on the boss 24 and first rotor 26.
A chu-te 34 for receiving crushed granular
substances is mounted on the lQwer flange 16. A tubular
casing 36 is disposed on the upper flange 18 so as to
extend in the ver-tical direction.
The casing 36 is provided with a cylindrical main
body 38 extending in the vertical direc-tion, a flange 40
provided on a lower end of the main body, an inward
flange 42 provided on an upper end of the main body 38,
and an annular projection 44 projecting downwardly and
inwardly from the lower end of -the rnain body 38. The
lower flange 40 is removably fixed in position to the
body 12 by a plurality of bolts so that the flange 40
confronts the flange 18 of the body 12 through a ring 48
and an axis of the casing 36 is coincident wi-th that of
-the body 12. The projection 44 is fitted in an upper
portion of the body 12.
A bearing carrier 50 is mounted on an upper
portion of the casing 36 by a plurality of bolts. The
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bearing carrier 50 is provi.ded with a boss 52 and a
flange 5~ extending outwardly from the boss. Further,
the bearing carrier 50 is moun-ted on the casing 36 in
the flange 54 so tha-t an axis oE the boss 52 extends in
the vertical direc-tion.
A tubular second rotor 56 is rotatably mounted on
the boss 52 through a bearing 58 while a cover 60 for
protecting the bearing 58 and a hopper 62 for receiving
the massive subs-tances to be crushed are mounted on the
boss 52 by a plurality of bolts. In the illustra-ted
embodiment, use is made of a cross roller bearing as the
bearing 58. Further, the bearing 58 is prevented from
dropping out of the boss 52 and second rotor 56 by the
use of a bearing holder 64 mounted on the boss 52 and a
bearing holder 66 mounted on the second rotor 56.
The second rotor 56 is disposed above -the first
rotor 26 through a space. The first rotor 26 has a
conical convex surface 68 and a flat upward surface 70
continuous with the foot of the convex surface, which
are located on the side of the second rotor 56. On the
contrary, the second rotor 56 has a conical concave
surface 72 and a flat downward surface 74 continuous
with a lower end of the concave surface, which are
located on the side of the first rotor 26.
The first and second rotors 26, 56 are so
disposed that they define an annular crushing chamber 76
with the convex surface 68 and concave surface 72 and
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also deEine an outlet 78 :Eor -the use of crushed granular
substances with the surfaces 70, 74. A vertical angle
of the convex surface 68 is larger than that of the
concave surEace 72. Accordingly, a gap between the
convex surface 68 and the concave surface 72 i5
gradually reduced Erom a port for receiving the
substances -to be crushed into the crushing chamber 76
toward the outlet 78.
The surfaces 70,74 make a right angle with
respect to an axis of the body 12 and that of the casing
36, tha-t is, an axis 80 of a portion where both of the
body 12 and the casing 36 are fi-tted to each other. .
Therefore, a gap between the surfaces 70, 74 at each :
portion of the outlet 78 around the axis 80 is held
constant. ~owever, a gap L of the outlet 78 may be
varied by disposing the ring 48, which is proper in
thickness, between the body 12 and the casing 36.
The first rotor 26 is disposed so as to be
rotatable abou-t an axis 82 which is displaced from the
axis 80 in one direction by a distance of a half of e.
On the contraryj the second rotor 56 is disposed so as
to be rotatable about an axis 8~ which is displaced from
the axis 80 in the direction opposite to the
aforementioned direction by a distance of a half o e.
Therefore, by changing the position where the casing 36
is mounted on the body 12 around the axis 80, the
eccentricity between the first and second rotors 26, 56
- 12 -
may be varied within the range :frorn 0 to e. Further,
the axes 80, 82 and 84 may be inclined -to each other
sligh-tly, preferably by an equal angle.
A drive mechanism 86 includes a rotary mechanism
88 provided with a motor and a reduction gear, a pulley
90 fixedly a-ttached to an output shaf-t of the rotary
mechanism, a pulley 92 fixedly a-ttached to the second
rotor 56 and a plurality of bel-ts 94 trained over both
of the pulleys 90, 92. The rotary mechanism 88 is
supported on a bed 96 fixedly a-ttached to the casiny 36
by a plurali-ty of bolts.
Further, instead of rotating the second rotor 56,
the first rotor 26 may be rotated or both of the rotors
26, 56 may be rotated by the identical drive mechanism
or different drive mechanisms.
In operation, the second rotor 56 is rotated
about the axis 84 by the drive mechanism 86 at high
speed, and the substances to be crushed are dumped into
the hopper 62. While the substances to be crushed are
not in engagement with the convex surface 68 and concave
surface 72,. the first rotor 26 is not ro-tated. However,
when the substances -to be crushed are sandwiched between
the first and second rotors 26, 56, the first rotor 26
is rotated following the rotation of the second rotor
56.
When the first and second rotors 26, 56 are
rotated, the rotors 26, 56 are made to bring about such
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relative motion that they come closer to each other at a
por-tion around each oE -the axes 82, 8~ while they are
separated away from each other at another por-tion, since
the firs-t and second rotors are respec-tively rota-ted
abou-t axes 82 and 84 spaced apart from each o-ther by a
distance indicated by e. As a result, the subs-tances to
be crushed, which are sandwiched between the first and
second ro-tors 26, 56 are crushed by the rotors 26, 56
when the gap between the rotors 26, 56 is narrowed.
The crushed granular substances are moved to -the
outlet 78 in the crushing chamber 76 by the centrlfugal
force with the ro-ta-ti.on of bo-th of -the rotors 26, 56,
and then moved from -the outlet 78 in -the body 12 -to be
finally dropped into the chute 34.
According -to the crushing machine 10, since -the
first and second rotors 26 and 56 are only rota-ted about
the axes 82 and 84, respectively, the vibrations are
reduced in comparison with the conventional crushing
machine which makes the rotor turn and it .is not
necessary to provide a counter weight for damping the
vibrations. Further, since the crushed substances are
forcibly sent out of the crushing chamber 76 by the
centrifugal force, a capacity for processing is
remarkably improved in comparison with the conventional
crushing machine, in which the granular substances are
dropped from the crushing chamber by the gravity.
Furthermore, since the gap of the outlet 78 is held
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constant, tll:is gap may be reduced in size in comparison
with the conventional crushing machine which gives -the
turning motlon to the rotor.
A crushing machine 100 as shown in Figs. 2 and 3
is assembled lnto a horizon-tal shape so -that the firs-t
and second rotors 26 and 56 are rotated about axes 102,
104 extending in the horizontal direction respectively.
The crushing machine 100 comprises a body 108
defining a space 106 for receiving crushed granular
substances spattered from -the crushing chamber 76
defined by the rotors 26, 56. The body 108 is installed
on a frame bed 110 by a plurality of s-truts extending
downwardly from portions defining the space 106.
The body 108 has openings bored in opposite ends
of the body in the horizontal direction. A support ring
114 for rota-tably supporting the first rotor 26 is
fitted in one opening of the body 108 through a bearing
112. The support ring 114 is removably mounted on the
body 108 through a ring 116 by a plurality of bol-ts.
The support ring 114 supports a drive mechanism 118 for
rotating the first rotor 26 abou-t the axis 102.
Further, instead of rotating the first rotor 26
by the drive mechanism 118, -the second rotor 56 may be
rotated or both of the rotors may be rotated by the
common drive rnechanism or different drive mechanisms.
In -the illustrated embodimen-t, use is made of a
cross roller bearing as the bearing 112. The bearing
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112 is prevented from dropping out of the support ring
llA and first rotor 26 by the use of a bearing holder
120 mounted Oll the support ring 114 and a bearing holder
122 mounted on the firs-t rotor 26.
The other opening of the body 108 rotatably
suppor-ts the second rotor 56 -through a bearing 124,
while a cover 126 for protecting the bearing 124 and a
hopper 128 for receiving the subs-tances to be crushed
are mounted on -the other opening by a plurality o:E
bolts. The hopper 128 is opened upwardly so as -to
receive the subs-tances -to be crushed from above and
guides the received substances to be crushed into the
crushing chamber 76.
Use is also made of a cross roller bearing as the
bearing 124. The bearing 124 is also prevented from
dropping out of the body 108 and second rotor 56 by the
use of a bearing holder 130 mounted on the body 108 and
a bearing holder 132 mounted on the second rotor 56.
The rotary axis 102 of the first rotor 26 is
displaced in one direction by a distance of a half of e
from an axis 134 of a portion where the support ring 114
is fitted in the body 108. On the contrary, the second
rotor 56 is displaced in -the direction opposi-te to the
aforementioned direction by a distance of a half of e
from the axis 134. However, by changing the position
where the support ring 114 is mounted on the body 108
around the axis 134, the eccentricity between the first
3 ~
- 16 -
and second rotors 26, 56 may be vari.ed wi-thin -the range
from 0 to e. F`urther, in -the case of the crushing
machine 100, the axes 102, 104 and 134 may be inclined
to each other slightly, preferably by an equal angle.
The surEaces 70, 74 of the first and second
rotors 26, 56 make a righ-t angle with respect to the axis
134. Accordingly, a gap between the surfaces 70, 74 in
each portion of the outlet 78 around the axis 134 is
held constant. ~lowever, a gap L, of the outlet 78 may be
varied by disposing the ring 116, which is proper in
thickness, between the body 108 and the support ring
114.
In operation, the firs-t rotor 26 is rota-ted about
the axis 102 by the drive mechanism 118 at high speed
and the substances -to be crushed are dumped into the
hopper 128. While the substances to be crushed are not
in engagement wi-th the convex surface 68 and concave
surface 72, the second rotor 56 is not rotated.
However, when the substances to be crushed are sandwiched
between the first and second rotors 26, 56, -the second
rotor 56 is rotated following the ro-tation of the first
rotor 26.
When the first and second rotors 26, 56 are
rotated, the rotors 26, 56 are made to bring about such
relative motion that they come closer to each other at a
portion around each of the axes 102, 104, while they are
separated away from each other:at another portion, since
- 17 -
the first and second rotors 26, 56 are ro-tated by being
made to be eccentric from each other by a distance
indica-ted by e. As a resul-t, -the subs-tances to be
crushed, which are sandwlched be-tween the rotors 26, 56,
are crushed by the rotors 26, 56 when the gap between
the rotors 26, 56 is narrowed.
The crushed granular substances are moved to the
outle-t 78 in the crushing chamber 76 by the centrlfugal
force wi-th the rotation of the firs-t rotor 26 and then
moved to the body 108 from -the outle-t 78 to be finally
discharged form the space 106.
The crushing machine 100 has no-t only effects
similar -to those oE -the crushing machine 10 but also
effects in that the height of the crushing machine is
reduced and -the adjustment of the eccentricity between
the axes 102, 104 and tha-t of the gap of the outlet 78
may be facilitated since each rotary axis of the rotors
26, 56 extends in the horizontal direction.
Figs. 4 and 5 show an embodiment of another
horizontal crushing machine 140, in which the
eccentricity between the first and second rotors 26, 56
is automa-tically adjusted. The body 108 of the crushing
machine 140 is divided into a first body 142 for
supporting the support ring 114 such that the second
rotor 56 is rotatable abou-t the axis 134 and a second
body 144 for supporting the second rotor 56 so as to be
rotatable about the axis 104. ~oth of the bodies 142,
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144 are rernovably connec-ted with each other by a
plurality of bol-ts. The ring 116 is disposed between
the bodies 142, 144 so as to vary the gap oE the outlet
78.
The suppor-t ring 114 is supported by the first
body 142 -through a bearing 146. Use if made of a cross
roller bearing as the bearing 146. The bearing 146 is
prevented from droppi.ng out of t.he first body 142 and
support ring 114 by the use of a bearing holder 148
mounted on -the first body 142 and a bearing holder 150
mounted on the support ring 114.
A coiled spring 152 is disposed between the first
body 142 and -the support ring 114. ~n end of the coiled
spring 152 on the center side is fixedly attached to the
suppor-t ring 114 by a plurality of screws, while the
other end on the outer peripheral side is fixedly
attached to the first body by a pluraliry of screws. A
pointer 154 for indicating the displacement between the
first and second rotors 26, 56 is fixedly attached to
the suppor-t ring 114. On the contrary, a stopper 156,
with which -the pointer 154 is capable of being brought
into contact, is mounted on the bearing holder 148
fixedly attached to the first body 142, while a scale
158 for the use of the poin-ter 154 is provided on the
bearing holder 148. The coiled spring 152 is previously
wound up by a predetermined amount.
In operation, the first rotor 26 is rotated about
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the axis 102 by the drive mechanisrn 118 at high speed
and the substances -to be crushed are dumped in-to the
hopper 128. While -the substances to be crushed are not
in engagemen-t with the convex surface 68 and concave
surface 72, the second rotor 56 is not ro-ta-ted. At -thi.s
time, the pointer 154 is brought in-to contact with the
stopper 156 by the Eorce of -the coiled spring 152.
}loweve~, when -the subs-tances to be crushed are
sandwiched be-tween the first and second rotors 26, 56,
the second rotor 56 is ro-tated following the ro-ta-tion of
the first rotor 26.
When the first and second ro-tors 26, 56 are
rotated, the rotors 26, 56 are made to bring abou-t such
relative motion tha-t they come closer to each other at a
portion around each of the axes 102, 104 while they are
separated away from each o-ther at another portion, since
the rotors 26, 56 are rotated by being made to be
eccentric from each other by a distance indicated by e.
As a result, -the subs-tances to be crushed, which are
sandwiched between the rotors 26, 56, are crushed by the
rotors 26, 56 when the gap between the ro-tors 26, 56 is
narrowed.
When -the substances to be crushed are crushed, a
large load acts on the first ro-tor 26, so that a
reaction acts on the drive mechanism 118 so as to rotate
the drive mechanism 118 in the direction (counter-
clockwise in Fig. 5) opposi-te to the rotating direction
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20 -
oE the first rotor 26. Accordingly, the drive mechanism
118 ls angularly rotated in the di.rection opposite to
the rota-ting direction oE the firs-t rotor 26 -to a
position where the reaction, that is, -the load is
balanced with the force of the coiled spring 1.52. As a
result, the eccen-tricity between the first and second
rotors 26, 56 is lessened to reduce the load acting on
the first rotor 26. The eccentircity a-t this -time may
be shown by a value of the scale suppor-ted by -the poin-ter
154.
The crushed granular substances are moved -to the
outle-t 78 in the crushing chamber 76 by the centrifugal
force with the rota-tion of the first rotor 26 and then
moved to -the outside of the crushing chamber 76 from the
outlet 76 to be finally discharged from the space 106.
The crushing machine 140 has not only effects
similar to those of the crushing machine 100 bu-t also
effects in tha-t the eccen-tricity between the first and
second rotors 26, 56 is automatically adjusted according
to the load ac-ting on the first rotor 26.
Further, instead of providi.ng the coiled spring
152, the pointer 154 may be made of an arm and -the
support ring 114 may be manually rotated to a position
where the eccentricity between -the first and second
rotors 26, 56 comes -to a predetermined ~alue, whereby
the pointer 154 is releasably fi~ed in position -to the
bearing holder 148 so as to maintain -the posi.tion as noted
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- 2:L -
above. In this case, the pointer 154 ls preferably made
of the arm.
