Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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k' ~ . INV1:N'J'J~N
This invention relateci to a tool for dewirjng ba)es o~ dry
pulp, waste paper, fabric and the like.
RACKGROUNr) ~' l'HE: JN.VE:N'I'iON
In paper n1i]1 repu]pers, the feed stock of~en consistsl
mostly, o~ dry pulp supplied as bales tied w1th strapping, such
as meta]1.ic wires to form h]ocks o~ about three hundred pounds
each. For unbaling, these metallic wires are usually manually
cut by p]i.ers. Si.nce the lower sec~i.on of each cut wires remains
stuck under t.he heavy bale, the worker cannot remove the cut wire
immedia~e].y. l'hese wires may find their way eventua]]y into
slots or cavlties ot' nearby machinery and damage the same. ~Iso,
since these wi.res are genera].]y tied taut arouncl the ba]e, they
tend to whip when released by the cut-ting pliers. 'I'his
constitutes a safety hazard ior the worker.
A bale dewLring tool is described in ~pplicant-s U.S.
patent number 4,34~,801, issued September ].4, 19~2.. l'his
patented bale dewiring tool has a Eoot which engages the wire by
sliding under it before cuttinq. ]t a]1Ows a single operator to
cut the wire and with the s.ame tool to grab and to pull 1t, so as
t:.o remove the same for discharqe into a scrap cart.. ~ number of
drawbacks appears when uslng this patented dewiring tool. 'rhe
tool ~ometimes slides under the Ejrst ]ayer o~ paper instead o~
over it. 'rhere are no means for sensing the location of the wlre
to be cut and, thus, t}lis has to be done de visu. I~ is somewhat
ineEEicient because each tool can retain only one wire at a time:
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since a bale is normally tightened by four wires, this means that
each wire must be completely pulled out and discharged to scrap
before another wire is tackled. Moreover, a separate coiler
former device i5 required for disposal of the scrap wires.
Finally, wear is a problem for the cam grabber since it must bite
into the wire to retain the latter.
OBJECTS OF TH~, INV NTION
The general object of the present inventlon is to provide a
bale dewiring tool which is an improvement over the patented
previously-descrlbed tool, in that it can grab, cut and retain
several baling wires at a time.
Another object of the invention is to provide a dewiring
tool of the character described, provided with means for coiling
the cut wires before discharyiny them to waste.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a tool
of the character described, which is properly positioned on the
wlre selected for cutting by a simple lowering o~ the tool onto
the bale instead of sliding the tool on the bale.
Another object of the invention is to provide a dewlring
apparatus including the above dewiring tool mounted in a head
controlled by an electro-mechanical system to displace the tool
head along three axes, in order to cut all wires of a bale in a
single pass.
Another object of the invention is to provide a dewiring
apparatus which is automatically monitored by a pre-programmed
computer.
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SU ~1ARY OF rliE INVENTLON
The dewiring tool compriseci a support casing, a tube
rotatable within the casing and projecting downwardly therefrom,
said tube defines a pair of opposite slits having a lower portion
upwardly spiralling through a fraction of a turn from the bottom
mouth of the tube, and an upper portion extendiny parallel to the
tube longitudinal axis. A wire is engageable through the lower
slit portions upon rotation of the tube resting against the bale.
Rotation of the tube brings the wire upwardly into ti1e bottom end
of the upper slit portions. A grabber is mounted for up-and-down
movement within the tube. It pulls the wire upwardly through the
slit upper portions. During this upward wire movement, a wire-
bend former and a cutter bends and cuts the wire respectively.
The bent end of the cut wire is thus retained by the bend former
within the tube slits above the level of the cutter, so that
additional wires can be cut and retained. The tool tube can be
rotated several turns to serve as a mandr~!l, which, in
association with a coiling shoe, forms a coil out of the several
wires. The shoe and the grabber then discharge the coil to
scrap.
In accordance with a further feature of the invention, the
tool is mounted at the end of a boom, which is arranged to rotate
about a vertical axis and also to move in forward and rearward
direction, so as to displace and apply the tool onto any selected
area of the top surface of the bale positioned at a dewiring
station.
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION _F THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the dewiring apparatus in
accordance with the invention shown ln operation on a bale
supported by a conveyor;
Figure 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus, taken along
line 2-2 of Figure 1, and further showing a scrap cart in the
process of being loaded with coils of cut wires;
Figure 3 is an enlarged partly-sectional view of the head
taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2, with the shoe shown in a first
lowered sliding position;
Figure 3A is a view of the lower portion of Figure 3, but
with the shoe shown in a second raised position
Figures 4 and 4A are partial side elevations of the
rotatable tube in two different rotated positions;
Figure 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Figure
4;
Figures 6 and 7 are sectional views taken along lines 6-6
and 7-7 of Figures 4A and 6, respectively, but on a larger scale
than Figure 4;
Figures 7A to 7D are longitudinal sections of the lower part
of the tube assembly of F'igure 7, sequentially showing how the
grabber pulls the wire up for bending and cuttlng, then down for
extraction;
Figures 7C and 7D also show a wire coil wound around the
lower end of the tube;
Figure 8 is a longitudinal section detailing the rotary
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joint between the grabber and its actuatlng hydraulic ram, Figure
8 being a section taken along line 8-8 of Figure 7;
Figure 9 is a cross-section taken along line 9-9 of Figure
7A;
Figure lO is a view of Figure 3A but showing the shoe raised
for coiling the wires around the rotating tool tube;
Figure ll is an exploded perspective view o~ the inner parts
of the tool tube;
Flgure 12 is the view of Figure 3 but with the sliding shoe
shown in a third fu'ly-lowered position, having extracted a wire
coil;
Figure 13 is a top plan view of the tool head; and
Figures 14 shows how rotation of the tube is controlled by
proximity switches,
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF,THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE_INVENTION
The dewiring apparatus, generally indicated at 20, is
mounted on a floor F laterally of a conveyor 21 for moving
successive bales B to the dewiring station, Bales B are normally
tied with wires 22 running transversely of the bales, and wires
23 running longltudinally of the bale, Apparatus 20 is designed
to cut all the wires 22 and 23 in a single pass, then wind these
wires into a coil and discharge the coil into a scrap bln S, as
shown in Figure 2.
The dewiring apparatus 20, as shown in Figure 1, comprises a
base plate 24 fixed to the floor F, on which is supported a
pedestal 25 rotatably driven about a vertical axis by suitable
~ 3 ~
driving mealls, such as a rever,ib]e hydraulic motor 26. A boom
support ?'7 is pivotally carried above pedestal 25 by two pairs of
arms ~8, 29. F'ront arms 28 are pivoted at their upper and ].ower
ends by hori~ontal pivots 30, 31 to the boom support ~7 and
pedesta~ 25, respective]y. Simi]arly, rear arms 29 are pivota]]y
connected by upper pivot 32 to boom support 27 and by lower pivot
33 to pedestal 25. A double-actlng hydrau]ic cylinder 33a,
connected to the Erollt arms 28 and to the pedestal 25, serves to
move the boom. support forwardly towards and across the bale at
the dewiring st~tion and in a reverse direction. Pedestal 25 can
swing pivot the boom support about its vertical axis, as shown in
Figure 2.
A main boom 34 is pi.voted within boom support 2'7 by means of
hori~ontal ptvot axis 35 and extends ~orwardly of the boom
support. l'he main boom can pivot up and down under the action of
a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 36 pivoted to the boom support
at 3~7 and to the main boom at 3~.
An inner boom 39 parttally extends wtthin main boom 34, is
pivoted to the latter by pivo~ 40 at its inner end and carries a
tool head 41 at its outer end through an angle bracket 4~. A
compression coil spring 43 extends betweerl the bo~tom of main
boom 34 and a rest plate 44~ adjustably carried by the top of
inner boom 39 through central bolt 4~ and lock nut 46 and gulded
by lateral bolts 45a Eixed by lock nuts 46a. 'rhereEore, when the
tool comes to rest ~n the top sur~ace of bale 1~, while the maln
boom 34 continues to pivot downwardly, a bale contact switch q'7,
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carried by main boom 34~ is closed to c;top the downward movement
of the main boom 34. This swltch is called a bale-contact
pressure switch.
Hence, it is now unders~ood that tool head 41 can be
displaced along any one of its three axes via the rotation of
base 25, the pivotal movement of arms 28 and 29, and the up-and-
down movement of main boom 34.
Tool head 41 is provided at the top thereof~ as shown
in Figure 1, with a diffused scan photo-electric switch 48, which
is sensitive to white color. Therefore, it recognizes the
location of the edge B' of a bale B. The signals from the photo-
electric switch q8 and bale contact switch 47 sequentially set
the transverse movement of the tool head 41 across the surface of
the bale B.
The tool head 41 moves in the direction of arrow A
across the bale to sequentially grab and cut the two bale wires
23.
The tool head proper is shown in Figure 3; it includes a
cylindrical casing 49 directly secured to the angle bracket 42 by
bolts 50. A vertical arm 51 is secured to cylindrical casing 49
by bolts 52 and is disposed opposite angle bracket 42. The
photo-electric switch 48 is mounted on top of the vertical arm
51, with its lens directed vertically downwardly to scan edge B'
of bale B.
A sliding shoe 53 is pivoted at 54 to the lower end of
arm 51. A pair of double-acting hydraulic cylinders 56, the
:~ 3 ~ 8~J~
cylinders of which are mounted back to back and secured toge~her,
have their piston rods 5i pivoted at 5~ to the upper end oE
vert.ica] arm 5l, and at 59 to the front end of the sliding shoe
53~ respectlvely.
When both piston rods 57 are fu]ly retracted, the s]iding
shoe 53 takes a lowermost pivoted position, as shown in Figure
12. When one of the piston rods 5r/ is extended, the sliding shoe
53 takes an intermediate position, as shown in ~igure 3, and when
both piston rods 57 are fully extended, the sliding shoe 53 takes
~0 the elevated position shown in Figure 3A. Sliding shoe 53 wlll
be more speci ri ca]]y described hereina~ter.
ReEerring to Figures 3 and 7, a tool tube 60 ls provided,
heing of cy]indrica] shape and open at i~s ends and having at its
external surtace an upwardly-~acLng top shoulder 61; an
intermediate downward]y-facing shou]der 62; and a lower
downwardly ~acing shoulder 63.
A top beari.ng 64 is s]idably fitted around the upper
part of tube 60 to abut top shoulder 61. A bearing 65, of larger
externa] diameter, is slidab]y fitted on t.he tube 60 and abuts
~0 against the intermediate shoulder 62. ~he two bearings 64, 65
engage inner downward]y-~acing shoulders formed in casing 49 and
the larger bearing 65 retained by a cap 66 screwed onto t.he lower
end o~ casing 49.
With thi.s a.rrangement, the tube 60 canno~ move axially
with respect to casing 49, but can rotate EreeLy. rwo grease
seals 6/, 68 are provided between the upper end o~ the tool tube
L ~ 3 ~
6~ and ca~;ing 4~ on the one hand, and an intermediate portion of
the tool tube ~nd the cap 66 on the other hand.
~ eferring to ~igure 3, a sprocket 69 surrounds tool
tube 60 and aligns lower shoulder 63 and is fixed to tube 60 by a
collar 70, fixed to the sprocket, and provided with setscrews 71
engaging the tube 60. Collar 70 is provided at its lower end
with a deflector flange 72. A reversible hydraulic motor 73 (see
Figures 1, 2, and 13) serves to rotate the tool tube 60 in either
direction, the motor 73 driving the sprocket 69 through a
transmission chain.
As shown in Figures 3A, 4, 4A, 5, 6, and 7 to 7D, the
bottom end o~ the tube 60 is formed with a pair of diametrically-
opposed slits 74, e~ch having a lower portion 75, which freely
opens at the bottom edge of the tool tube and which upwardly
spirals through about 80 degrees. Each lower portion 75 is
extended by an upper portion 76, which upwardly extends generally
parallel to the tube longitudinal axis. Each slit 74 further has
a notch 77 at the junction of the lower and upper portions 75,
76,
It will thus be understood that with the bottom end of
the tool tube applied against the top surface of the bale in
register with a baling wire 22 or 23, rotatlon of the tool tube
will cause the wire to slide up the lower spiral edge of the slit
until it engages the diametrically-opposite notches 77, as shown
in the position indicated in Figure 4A.
A grabber 80 is mounted within tool tube 60 for
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longitudinal reciprocating movement. Grabber 80 (see Fiys 7 and
11) defines a pair of upwardly-opening wire-grabbing hooks 81 at
its lower end and a pair of opposite downwardly-facing extracting
shoulders 82 intermediate its ends. Grabber 80 is guided for up-
and-down movement by a pair of rear and front guide blocks 83 and
88, respectively, (see Figs 9 and 11), Rear guide block 83 is of
cross-sectionally U-shape, with the grabber 80 fitted within the
U. The guide block 83 is secured in position within the tube 60
by screws 84. It is provlded on one of its side legs with a
longitudinal downwardly-extending slot 85 registering with one of
the upper slit por-tions 76. The opposite leg of the U-shape
guide block 83 has a cutting bit 86 releasably embedded therein
and said bit having a lower, horizontal edge 86A disposed above
notches 77 and in transverse alignment therewith. Grabber 80 is
also provided with a cutting bit 87, having a cutting edge
extending across that hook 81 which is adapted to slide along the
cutting bit 87. Thus, during upward movement of the grabber ~0,
the two cutting bits 86, 87 effect a shear-like cutting action on
the baling wire extending transversely of the tool tube through
the two slit portions 76.
This cutting action is effected during an intermediate
part of the upward stroke of the grabber 80 and the wire cut
portion 22A (see Figure 9) is simply discharged from the sli-t
portion 76 on the side of cutting bits 86, 87. The front guide
block 88 is fixed inside the tool tube 60 by means of setscrew 89
(see Figure 7). Guide block 88 has two parallel flanges 90
:~3~3~i
defining a channel, in which is fitted and retained, by means of
dowel pins 91, a wire-bending assem~ly consisting of three plates
disposed flat one against the other~ namely: two lateral anvil
plates 92, of similar shape, each having a bevelled, longitudinal
edge 93, and a central bender plate 94. Central plate 94 has an
upwardly-extending slot 95, the side edge 96 of which, that is
nearer the grabber 80, being approximately in transverse
alignment with the longitudinal edges 93 of the two anvil plates
92, as clearly shown in Figure 9.
Edges 93 and 96 are arranged in transverse alignment
with hooks 81 and with slit upper portions 76, as shown in Figure
7. Grabber 80 has a central, longitudinal channel 97 to
accommodate central plate 9q. The lower edges of the assembly of
the plates 92, 99 is just above the level of notches 77 and below
the level of the cutting edge 86A of cutting bit 86. Therefore,
as shown in Figure 7, before the baling wire 22 or 23 is cut by
cutting bits 86, 87 during lifting of said wire by the grabber
hooks, the wire is caused to ride along the two longitudinal
edges 93 of the anvil plates 92 and along the bending edge 96 of
the central plate 94, whereby the wire is bent, as shown in
Figure 9. The bent wire end is retained by the bender assembly
after the wire has been cut. The first wire is lifted along the
bender until it engages the upper end of the slot 95, where it
remains upon the next downward movement of the grabber 80, The
slit upper portion 76 and the length of the slot 95 of the
central plate 94 is sufficient to accommodate several cut and
11
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bent wires in superposed relationship, all held by ~he wire-
bending assembly.
Grabber 80 is reciprocated by a pair of double-acting
hydraulic cylinders 98, mounted back to back in an arrangement
similar to cylinders 56 through the provision of a rotary joint
99 (see Figures 3 and 8). The piston rod 100 of the top cylinder
98 is screwed into a cover 101 of a cylindrical casing 102, which
is supported by casing 49 on top thereof, beiny retained by a
ring 103 and bolts 10~.
The hydraulic lines 105 feeding the cylinders 98 are
free to move in a slot 106, made in casing 102. The rotary joint
99 comprlses a barrel 107, in which is fitted a stem 108 provided
at its lower end with a flange 109 supporting a thrust bearing
110, which is retained at the top by an annular cap 111 screwed
within the top end of barrel 107 and carrying a grease seal 112
sliding on stem 108. The stem 108 has an internally-threaded
bore 113 in which is screwed the threaded end of the piston rod
114 of the lower cylinder 98. A thrust ball 115 is located
between the lower end o-f stem 108 and the bottom closure wall 117
of barrel 107. An externally-threaded shaft 118 is fixed to, and
depends from, the closure wall 117 and is screwed within the
internally-threaded bore 119 made in the upper end of grabber 80
(see also Figure 11). Rotary joint 99 allows rotation of the
tool tube together with the grabber 80 and of the bender
assembly, while permitting actuation of the grabber 80 under the
action of the cylinders 98. During the down-movement, the thrust
12
e~ ~3 ~
i, exerted on t.he ~rabber by the thrust ball 115. During the up-
movem~nt of the grabber, the thrust is exerted through the thrust
bearing llQ.
The pair of cylinders 98 impart three rest positions to
the grabber, namely: a top position, as shown in figure 7B; an
intermediate position, as shown in figure 7 wherein the grabber
80 protrudes by an amount indicated by letter g from the bottom
end of the tool tube; and a lowermost wire-extracting position,
as shown in figure 7C.
The sliding shoe 53 (see Figurec; 9 and 10) forms a
longitudinally-curved surface 120 and two transversely-curved
wings 121 which partially surround the tool tube 60. Each wing
21 is provided at its end with a notch 122 facing downwardly, the
two notches being transversely aligned with the center line of
the tool tube. Each wing 121 is ~urther provided with a notch
123 near its top end. The two notches l23 are also transversely
aligned.
An extractor plate 124 is secured to the sliding shoe
53 and extends over the wings 121. This extractor plate has a U-
shape when seen in top plan view, so as to partially surround thetool tube in a similar manner at the wings 121.
A coiling pad 125 is slidingly and guidingly suspended
from the extractor plate 12~, being disposed between the wings
121, and is radially outwardly movable with respect to the tool
tube 60 against the bias of compression coil springs 126.
Sliding shoe 53 further carries a pair of proximity sensors 127
13
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to detect the presence of a baling wire 22 or 23.
Referring to Figure 3 and also to Figure l~, two
pro~imity sensors 128a, 128b are secured by brackets 129 at 90
degrees apart to the casing 49 and are downwardly directed to
detect the presence of four holes 130a, 130b, 130c, 130d made in
a ring 131 fixed to the sprocket 69 and co-axial therewith and
with the tool tube 60.
The angles made between the holes are as follows:
80 degrees between holes 130A and 130B;
95 degrees between holes 130~3 and 130C;
95 degrees between holes 130C and 130D; and
90 degrees between holes 130D and 130A.
The sensors 128 operate switches to in turn control the rotation
of the hydraulic motor 73 driving the tool tube for lts angular
positioning. The initlal rotated position of the tool tube with
respect to the sliding shoe is shown in Flgure 3a. Both sensors
128 are opposite the holes 130A and 130D, as shown in Figure 14,
these holes being 90 degrees apart. The simultaneou~ signal from
both sensors therefore indicates the initial position of the tool
tube. The sensor 128A is used only for this initial positioning.
The wire-grabbing operation is done by rotating the tool tube in
the clockwise direction. During this rotation, the baling wire
is moved up along the spiralling lower slit portions 75 until
engagement in notches 77. The stopping of the rotation is
explained from line 3, page 16.
Repositioning of the tool tube to its initial position
14
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is done by reversing its rotation until hole 130D is re-aligned
with sensor 128B. The controler remembers if hole 130A or 130B
has reached or passed sensor 128B, The above operations are done
when the baling wire is transverse to the boom 3q, that is when
grabbing and cutting wires 23 (see Figure 2).
The tool can be positioned so as to grab the transverse
wires 22. In this case, the initial position is reached by
rotating the hole 130A under sensor 128B. Repositioning is done
similarly as above by reversing the same count of hole to find
the initial position.
The apparatus of the invention operates as follows:
once a bale B is in position opposite the apparatus, and it is
desired to remove the bale wires 23, the boom 34 is first
advanced until the sensor 48 detects the proximate edge of the
bale B. The main boom 34 is lowered until the bale contact
pressure switch 47 stops the downward movement of the main boom.
The sliding shoe 53, which is in its sliding position, shown in
Figure 3, slightly below the bottom end of the tool tube 60, can
slide along the bale top surface due to its longitudinal curved
surface. The sliding shoe is advanced until the sensors 127
carried by the same, detect the presence of a baling wire 23.
Advancing movement of the main boom is stopped exactly when the
baling wire engages the no-tches 122, as shown in Figure 3. In
this position, the tool tube is exactly over the baling wire, the
tool tube being in its initial position with the mouth oi the
spiral slits 75 engaged by the baling wire. The sliding shoe 53
~ ~ 3~ ~
i5 thell re~racted to it.s intermediat.e position~ shown in Figure
3A. Thus, the full weight of the tool heacl is allowed on the
bale B. The tool tube is then rotated by the motor 73, which
drives the sprocket 69. The tool tube is rotated through its
grabbing cycle, whereby the wire is engaged by the spiral
portions 75 of the slit 74, the wire still being under the
sliding shoe. The wire engages the notches 77 at the junction of
slit portions 75, 76. The rotation of the tool tube is stopped.
It is to be noted that the hydraulic motor 73 is
equipped with a pressure-reducing valve to make it slip under
load when the tool tube is grabbiny a wire. A positive grab
signal is given by an electronic timer that measures the time it
takes for the sensor 128B to see the second next hole from its
initial position. A time period, shorter than a preset value,
will indicate a misgrab and make the grabbing cycle to repeat
itself. ~ slip period, longer than the preset value, indicates a
rotation of less than 170 degrees and, thus, a positive grab.
Upon a positive grab, grabber 80 is moved down from its
upper position, shown in Figure 7B, to its intermediate position,
shown in Figure 7. Thus, the bevelled hook edge 81~ moves past
the baling wire, so that the hook 81 is now underneath the wire.
The lower end of the grabber 80 bears on the top face of the
bale, so as to raise the tool tube 60, so as to further tighten
the baling wire and cause the same to positively engage the
notches 7. The wire is also forced to spring back lnto the
grabber hooks 81. The grabber 80 moves the wire through the upper
16
3 ~ ~ ~
slit portion 76 where the wire is first passed through the
bending assembly to ~end the same ancl then cut by the co-acting
cutting bits 86, 87. The retainecl end of the wire is pushed up
the slot 95 of the wire-bending assembly and the wire is retained
in t)~e tool tube. The tool tube is then rot.ated to its original
position; the sliding shoe is lowered into the position of Figure
4; and the boom 3~ continues its forward movement until the
sensors 127, carried by the sliding shoe, detect the next baling
wire. The grabbing bending and cuttiny cycle is repeated. Then,
the tool head is swung about the vertical axis of the apparatus
to grab and cut the transverse wires 22. During this transverse
rotational movement, the sliding shoe easily slides on the bale
top surface, due to its transversely-curved wings 121. The
initial position oi the rotating tube is also changed, using the
sensors 128 and holes 30, as previously described, so as to align
the tube with respect to the wire to be grabbed and cut.
The bent and cut end portion of each successsive wire
is retained within the slits of the tool tube in superposed
posltion.
It should be noted that after a baling wire has been
cut, the tool tube has already been rotated through 80 degrees or
more and, therefore, the baling wire issues from the tool tube,
in a direction generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the
sliding shoe and, therefore, its pro~ecting end is free to be
raised above the wings of the sliding shoe during lifting of the
wire to its flnal retained position within the tool tube.
~L3~3~ ~
After all the baling wire, have been cut and retained
by the tool head, the tool heacl is swung to -the do~ted line
position, shown in Fiyure 2, therehy pulling all the wires from
underneath the blade and then the coiling cycle of all the baliny
wires is effected by continuous rotation of the tool tube, with
the wires being applied against the external surface of the tool
tube by the pressure pad 125, spring biased by the springs 126 to
allow for increase in the diameter of the coil. The resulting
coil C is retained between the extractor plate 124 and the wings
121 of the shoe.
Once the coiling operation is completed, the grabber
arm 80 moves downwardly, so that its ex-t.racting shoulders 82 push
all the retained wires into the spiral slits 75 ~Figures 7C, 7D
and also the tool tube is rotated counterclockwise. The sliding
shoe is moved downwardly, as shown in Figure 12, whereby the
extractor plate 124 positively extracts the coil C from the tool
tube to discharge the coil C into the bin S
The term "bale wire" used in the description and in the
following claims includes metallic strapping or other similar
types of binding which can be bent and remain bent.
18
