Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
1 323228 '
Ca~e No; A23459 ~D-o3s7
WP No: 0307S
TITL~ !
~15~1~5
BACK ROU~D OF ~ INv~?aTI
~IEl.D 0~ T~ INv~ S ON
This i~ventlon relate~ to feedthrouqh o~
10 optical ~boc~ an~ in p~cticular but not ex~lu~lve~y
to f eedth~ough in'co device pac~ages .
~ESCEIIPTSON 0~ T~ P~
Deviee packa~e~ that inco~poeat~ all opt~ Gal
oc op~o-elect~onlo co~nponent hav~ ~ a~ertu~ ~or th~
lS f eedthcough o~ the opticDl f ~bera th~t conduct light
to or ~ro~ the ~ackage~ St h~ ~e~rl u~u~l peaoti~e
tO 6up~oct th~ Go~n~et~ng ~o~tlon o~ th~ ~ibar~ in a
~etal 61eev~ ar~d the~ ~o~ tho alae~lo to be ~ounte~
th~ a~ertu~o, the ~ibo~s bei~ h~ tha ~leeYe ~y
20 ~ metal ~ola~ or ~o~y re~
~ f ~ ~ber 1~ to be Boldel:e~ ~nto t~e ~lee~
~t 1~ naco~sa~y to ~tallize ~h~ ~ilbeL ~o that tt~
al ~oldor w~ll adl~e to e~ r ~r~d ~h~ ~a~-
tiQn~l handling o~ ~h~ dol~aat~ Pll~er dur~g th~
25 ~etalliz~tion pro~s~ can cau~e d~n~g~ ~38pcc~ally tC~
~e en~ of t~e t~b~r Whi~h in ~o~e ~n~ta~c~ will -
already h~ve be~n proY~ded W~th a l~n~. The lensir~g
o~es~ canno~ be ~et~oe~e~ e~ly a~t~ ~e~alllzae~o
b~?ci~u~e the ~roY~mitr ~ a ~et~l 8U~CI~ tend~ to
30 lllter~r~ with t!~e ar~ ch~eg~ t~ctlnlqu~ g~;~era~
e~10yed. A1~o, ~et~1 ~ol~r ~ ~ub~ to ~roe~ an~
thi~ ~an l~aa to 10~8 o~ a1ig~ t o t21a ~lbe~ t~ ~e
o~tlcal OE op~o-~le~tron~c ~ . ar~d ove~ ell~ ~our~ :
o~ tl~e i~ ~aay e~en c~ u~e~cien~ co ~2U~O lo~
35 of l~ermetla 6ealln~ tweo~ lCb~ ~ib~r ~na ~lee~e.
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1 323228
On ttle othe~ hand ~ epoxy ~esin i~ u~ed ~o
hold ttle optic~l f ~bers in posltion there 1B a ~lo~
releage o~ gases ~ro~ tl~e ~e~in (even aft~r heat
treatment ) ~nd the S~ e8 that are difi~harged ~an be
5 ha~ful to component~ within the pac~ags. A ~urthç~r
problem ~ha~ i8 encountered wieh bo~h me~al ~older
an~ epoxy re~n i~ tha~ the f lb~ ~ay not be
concentric uith the sl~eve an~ ther~or~ ~he preci6e
po~lt~on o~ the tibar may not ~e l~nown 80 that onae
10 the sleeve ha~ been allgned lt i~ nece~sary to ~er~orm
compen6~t~nq ~d3~tmenta in order to en~ure allgr~ment
o~ the o~t~cal ~e~ w~th the opto-electronlc o;
opelcal coa~ponent in t5~ cka~.
The pre~erlt inv~nt~o~ i~ directe~ tow~rd~
lS provi~ing a hermetic ~eal between an optl~al ~lber and
~eedthrou~h sleeve utilizing ~l~ss ~ol~er.
SUMMARY O~ T~ NSlON
~ o~dlnglr ~h~ p~ t inve~tion ~ ovide~ a~
opt~cal f lhoL ~eq~through co~prl~ng ~ ~etalli~
20 sleev~. an opt~ ~al 1~iber in tho ~lee~,re and a gl~8
~eA1 b~t~een the opt~cal ~lbe~ an~a t~e ~le~e for~ln~
~ lber to ~la~ ~ea~in~ inter~a~o ~t l;he t~b~r
au~face an-~ a qla~s eo ~tal ~aling int~rfaee at the
i ~ne~ ~ur~ace o~ th~ ~le
~5 ~ a inve~tlon al~o pco~l~es ~ ~etho~ o~
~e~}in~ ept~al f~e~ ~n a g~ hrou~h ~o~nprl~ing
thcea~insJ an opt~¢~l ~lber through ~ ~leeve, dl~posins
a ~u~5cient ~uantity o~ glaRs ~ol~er with ~ lower
~low t~por~tura th~rl t2~e ~ber ~a ~t lea~t a po~tion
30 of ~he ~ ve an~ he~t1~ t.be ~la~ ~ol~e~ so ~at ie
focD~ la3~ to ~bec ~e~ g interl~ce A!t the ~lbes
~ur~e~ ~nd gl~ to Det~l ~neer~a~ at the ~ur~ac~
o~ t~ 7
P~ bly th~ ql~ al ~empr~an 1I gl~
3s cag~llury et~s~d~ on to th~ ~b@r.
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BRlEF D~scaIpTIoN OF THE DRA~IN~S
The in~.rention i~ now de6cr1bed by way of
exampl~ with re~rence to ehe accompar~ylng drawing~
in whic~ lgure l ~ a ecl~o~atic ~C0~8 ~c~ional
5 ~iew ehrou~h a f ~rst es~bodin~en~ Or ~he invent~on;
~ igure 2 iB a ~hem~tlc ¢EOS6 ~ect~onal view
thcough a ~econd embo~iment of the ~nvenelol-:
Plgure 3 ~how~ a modif lca~on to th~ ambodi-
ment o~ ~lgur~ 2, ~nd P`igu~d~ 4 ~nd 5 show r~p~c-
lO tively, the e~bo~imen~ o Figuce 2 be~ore and du~ingheating.
~ lgure ~ showc an ~lt~rnate embodimerlt or
ehorm~l con19uction oe~ber.
I)ETAlLED D~S~IP~ON OF THE I~V~NT10~
Referrln~ tO F~guYe 1, a ~eedthrouqh ~s~e~bly
gGner~lly indlc~te;~ by reference characte~ 100
comprl~as an outer meta~l~c ~leevo 1 ehrou~h v~lc~ ~n
op~lcal ~ er 2 o~ 0~ lic~ glaE~R 15 thr~aded . I~be
lnr~er ~ur~ac~ o the oleeve 1 18 p~ovld~d wlt~ at
20 le~t on~ inw~r~ p~otrll~ion clo~a to ono end o~ ti~
~leeve wh~ ch con~tri~t~ the ~leeY~ and whlct~ can b~
~o~d conran~ontly by di~pl~ng tho 31e~ 1 lerosP. ~he
outs~de by p~esaing a point ~nto the ~le~ wall to
~o~ ~ d~tosa~at~oll. In the dsa~i~g a pDlr o~ di~plo~
zs 3 ~r~ illu~tr~t~d ~ T~e f lber ~ i~ t~rea~e~ througb
the ~lee~e l ~o th~S lts te~ at~on pcotcu~ a ~host
a~ance beyo~a tl~e ~l~ple~ ena o~ ~h~ æl~vo, PP~
to lnsartion lnto tl e 31eev~ 1 th~ fi~ee Z l~ ~tr~pped
o~ ally ~rote~tlve ~oaein~s ~na. ~lE appropr~e~, tP~
3Q ~nd ~ay b~ foe~od l~o a len~. ~h~ ~ilo~ e~en
slld o~ e fl~E 2 ~o t~iat ~i ~ho~e leal~h o~ ~nna~
pro~es~tiY~ ~oat~ng~ ~OE ~Xillll~l2 ~bo~ 3~ xt~nd~i
ineo the 0lee~e 1 A~t the ~n~ ot~ tro~ t2~is dl~leoi
3. t~l~eena~l~aly the sl~eve 1 laay ~ pl~aedl o~re~ tho
35 ti~er 2 ~ir~ n~ ~ilil away ~co~n th~ ea~ o~ ~hH
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1 323228
f ~ber, the tlbQr ~hen being str~pped and ~ermln~3ted
~nd tlle ~10eVQ 1 slid ba~k to a~opt the Rosltion
illu~trate~ ehe drawing.
A ~acer 4 con~stin~ of an ~nnul~r membee
5 of brass, ~liea ~la68 or other su~table ~aterlal i~
thre~ded on to the æt~lpped ~ber 2 and abu~6 ~he
d~mple~ 3 for po~itlve loca~ioAJ and adjacent to ~he
~pa~er 4 a pre~or~ 5 o~ gla~s solder i~ al~o 10cated
on th~ tibor 2. I~u~ins a sub~equent l~eat t~eat~asnt
10 the gla~s ~olâer ~0 heated to le~ flow te~perature BO
th~ lt for~ a ~eal betwe~n the ~lbe ~ an~ t~e
ve ~. In the poxition~ ustraeed ~n ~e draw~n~
the glas~ ~older ~111 also 6eal to t~e ~pae~r 4, ot
at lea3t tra~ ~he l;pa~er. However, ~t ~ ~ al30
15 pos~lble to ~rm ~ ~al ~f~t~lOUt u~ng ~ spa~er or ~ith
t~le position~ of the ~pacer an~ preferlD rever~d. In
. th0 lat~r ~a~ the 6p;~CQ~ ma~ o~ ~ ma~e1al
ehat i~ no~ e~e~ to by the g1aso so1d~r or 1~ it 1~
coat~ lth gr~plllt~. for ex~nple, ther: the ~acer ~2n
20 b~ rerqo~re~ after t~l~ heat treatm~nt:. When the peeorm
5 1~ po~1t10n~d next to th~ d1PRp1e~ 3 the dimp106 ~a~c
to 10cate the pre~oe~ 5 an~ BO te,~d ~o r~ta~n the
g1as~ so1d~r to the end reg1 on of th~ elqeve 1 wnen ~t
~lo~ ~u~nq he~t~ng. ~t ~hould be un~erse~od ehæt
25 Wtl1l2 in ~ e ~mbodi~nen~ o~ ~1gure 1 ~he di~ple~ 3 are
u~ed to 10a~t~ the ~pacel ~oc th~ preform) a1t~r~ate
arranS~en~ ~ay be u~ea tD lo~ate ~he~ meh~rs. U~e
o~ ~ ~pa~r ~ en~ure~ that the ~ber ~ i8 retair~od i~
~ ~1xad ~paeial ~rrange~ent w1thiD. the ~laev~ 1 ~uElng
30 t~e ~lo~ 3ta~e o~ t~ glaç:~ ~old~r. That 1~ to ~a~,
~h~ ~p~er 4 ~er~e~ to ~d1a11y ce4t~r t~e rib~r 2
th ~s~e~ to th~ ~nn~r ~a~e~er of the 3~ee~0 1
during tn~ ~low ~aqe o~ t~'le ~o1d~r~ ID thl~ rega4rd
lt ~8 t~ ~o~itio~ o~ ~ho e~d of th~ er ~h~t ~B
35 most l~pol~e~ na the~ef o~e to h~ hc ~co~
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1 32322~
~mr4~diat~ly ad jacent ~tle ~lbe~ end ~ay be advar~-
tageou~. Al~e~nati~rsly, or ~n addltlon, ~n ~x~arnal
~her~al conductlon ~aelober 1~ ~Figure 5~ ~ay bo u~ad
a~ ds~crlbea l~t~r her~in.
S ~ar~ou~ types of ~1~188 ~ay be chos~rl fo~ tl~e
gla$l3 solder. t;enerally lt i~ de~ red to achlev~ ~lo~
a~ one o~ ~e low~t teu~pe~atu~eR po~ibl~ to aYoid
~ib~r e~nb~ittlement and becau~ thers ace sth~r
~omponent~ (lqcl~ding ac~yli~ co~ting~ ~urther alon~
~he ~ r ~ eh~t cannot w~thstand high te~ratu~e~ .
In oxder to minl~ ze heat ~r~n~fsr alon~ b~ ~n~
~laev~ ~he ~leeve ~8 ere~e~bly held i~ ~ont,act wleh
heat sinl~. A glas~ ~older pre~o~RI wit~ ~ Xlow
telDperatUr~ r~.e.. gl~l88 t~an~tioll te~eratulre l~a)
15 ~n the r~n~e of ~00C to 480-C 1~ prR~er~ed ~or u~e
in th0 ln~ nt~on. Flo~ ~ay be ~ ie~d a~ lo~re~
ter~4rstU~es wlt~ ~oloe ~1~BB~ bUt th~ tl~ ~ake~ ~or
ou~r~lont f lo~r beco~e~ lorlge~ .
q~ho ho~ tr~at~ t tor tho glas~ aol~
20 pr~f~r~bly conslst~ o~ heat~ th~ Bleey~ 1 hel~ ~a
an up~ ht po3~tion untll t~a ~la~ ~ol~e~ flow~ i~eo
se~lln~ cont~ct wlttl th~ ~ber ~d ~ ve. Tt~ s1e~ve
n~ ot be ll~ld up~ght, bUt t~ gen~r~l1y
pre~rre~ 1~ order to o-~ a~ n ~ e i ~
25 en~l~asle~ tl~at gl~ old~r ~ould be ~ntrs~u~ed to
tlle ~leeYe in ~ f~r~ oth~r th~ refor~k. e~psalallr
when an ~nto~n~l 2~ac~r ~ use~ ~ t~iB al~o ~or~ a
n th~ ~u~e.
tl~ ~ pa~t~ ~uldrly ~r~ge~r~ mbodl~9~t o~
3d t~ v~ntion tl~ 6pa~er ~ placefi by an ~x~ern~l
~en~erin~ o and th~ e~ ~ 18 ~o~if ~ed to l1~a~0
~e~tion~ o~ f~rlng dlaoet~r8 aE~ own ln 11~1~ur~
~n~l 3. A de~ail~ al~ #Oo~ly ~roc~u~e o~
~e~theous~h ut~alzlng a~ e~Xt~!E~al ~ent4Pr
r~ow ~e~rlb~a ~ re~on~ o F~gu~ to 5
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1 323228
Figuce~ 2 and 3 ~howin~ Co~pletea se~ nd ~lgur~ ~
and 5 ~tlowin~ t~e ~tlU~:i;UC~ beo~e and ducl~g h~at~ng.
A len~th o ~n~le o~ ~ult~-~nod~ ~b~ 2 to
be U~e~ ~or th~ ~ee~th~ougll 1~ proce~sed throtl~b
S ~ev0r~1 ~tep~ erior to ~oc~l~g the deslred ~e~ he
Siber Z ~ny be ~ol^ ~xample a ~9~1;!5~' ~lngl~ ~o~
~ber r the 19H ~eprese~t~n~ th~ diamete~ cro-
~ete~, o~ t~e puce gla~s core tor t~ans~tt~g ll~t
and the U125" repr~eent~tlg the d~a~Qeter. al~o ia
10 ~iCI:omet~. o~ an ~d~acel3e cla~dlng for r~flect~ng
t~he 1~ qh~ wh~ tr~ ttad thcou~h tb~ cor~
type o~ ~lbe~ al~o tlas ~n In~er bu~er o ~ on~ o~
~ylate over th~ ~la~ y~r WhiCh ~ u~n
coat~d wlth an ou~er b~ffer o~ nylon or ~yt~l
lS (q`radaM~rlt) poly~t~r ~ to~er . 'rhe ~ rsc pro~e~
~op 1~ to ~t~ip tho oUtetr: al~l lnner bu~e~ laysr8 ~o
expoBo A bace opt~aal ie~be~ tb, 1~t8 r~loctl~ra
cla~ lng.
This baren opt~al ~ib~r lls ~lean~
~richloroethylene and ~hen placed In ~n 019~:tr~1c
d~chac~8 ar~ and pull~d i~l ~ oorl~.roll~d fa~!hlon to
fOr~ ~n lnteg~al len~d enl~. T~e lens~a oll?t~c~l ~gber
f ~ ttl0~ ~lednod w~tb meth~aol ~ low~d to d~
t~l8 ~?~ A~ ol3lph~
~he ~t~l ~lo~vo 1 1~ ~or~d ~it~ two ln~
di~to~cs~ ~ lar~s diaDe~o~ e~a 9 eh~e i~ g~ anol-gh
to ~ e ov~r ttle ~utor ~ur~ o~ the o~tl~al ~b~r 2
a~d ~ 3ma}1e~ ~ns~de ~a~otos ~s~d lO t3~at ~ ~o~d
'Co w~t~ tw~cr-8lYo ~l~ro~etoc~ of th~ ou~s~de
dla~n~to~ o~ ehe p1e~a~0tlll 5, ~hlc?a 1~ e~atlally ~ ~ .
~hol:t l~t~geh o~ pl al:y. T~o ~e~ V~ 1 ha~ a
~n~ulu~, ol: 8~ve~ o~lt~d ~ 3 ~tay~ally
~o~e~ o~ tl~ ~n~d~ o~ eh~ ~otor ~ostlo~ o~
th~ sl~v~ Ol~ ~o wh~c~ ono O~a o~ gl~ a~la~y
35, ~p3æ~ i lo~aS~. l?r~o~ to ~ae~tion o~ t~a
. I ond ~ras~o~ th~ 810~ ol~n~ t~lc~loco~e~yl~n~
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1 323228
or 6ev~ra~1 ~inuteB. ulte~Boniaally cleane~ ~ n Boapy
w~eer a~ 37C foe two mln~lte~, eln~ed in âeioni2~d
watet, ~ h cleane~ in ~nechanol and ~lown dry with
nlt~ogen .
The gla~ preko~sA capillary 5 ~ ~ade f co~
lead bo~ate ~olde~ gla~s. Th~ ~n~i~e dlame~e~ of ~he
capill~y i6 ~ocmed to wiSh~ n twenty~ re ~laro~eter~
o~ the ba~ o~tic~l ~lber oU~siae ~iamet~r. ~S~e
cap~llacy ~ polL~hed to remove para~in, ~ ~esid~
10 contam~na~t that iB depo~ted on the aap~llary~ durtng
the gla~s ~w~g operat~ on ~ml?loyed ~o eut l:hO
aapillar~ e,o t21e desi~ leng~h and 1~ tho-~ cl~n2d
with ~Q~ch~nol ~nd blown ~ry w~th.r~tcogen.
The absence o~ fore~gn cDnta~inants ~
15 lmpo~tant ~n maklrlg the ~eal, If tbe~ are Any
oeganlc tllat~L~ Y p~o~ent Whic~ could go throu~h a
phas~ cllan~ at eleYated ~eN~et~tu~ uri~ s~al~n~,
euC~ ao the ;Ioee~entloned ~a~a~n, th~ lead ~or~sent
~n the ~ n cap~l~a~y Blat~ aoula b~ r~ od a~a
20 aAu~ed to pr0cip~tate ~nd l?~event a~ aa~eptabl~ B~
f ~ go~
Th~ l~n~ nd o~ tho b~r~ o~e~c~ h~
~nse~ted i~to th~ lar~e ~ aeteY en~ g o~ tho oll~eal
sl~ til the lena p~ot~ade~ 0.0~0 lnah~ ~ro~
2S tho ~ll di~net~r end lO o~ the ~ vo. 'P~e la~g~
aia~et~ as~ o t~e ~leeVe i~s then ~4sA~d a~ 13 to
the outer buf~er o~ the opt~cal lEib~r by ~e~o~ln~ ~he
sle~ve in a c~cu~ cen~ial fashion. T3~ 1x~ t~e
ax~al r~lationæh~ o~ tha ~tal ~ee~re 1 and the ~ar~
30 ~p~ iber Z.
Next th~ a~ ry 5 ~ sli~pe~ over
tt~ opt~al gibe~ len~ ~n~ ~nto t~e s~tal ~l~o~re 1
U~til i~ coDie~ to r~e on tt~ 10~ 3.
~oc to ~aa~ng ~n axially ~xeen~
35 ~o~1tlo~1ng coll~r ~ac ~ t p~e~ion 22 o~ a ~h~r~al
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1 3232~
cond~ction me~ber 1~ n~er~ed o~e~ ~he ~educed
dlametsr end 10 of the ~iber ieeathrough a~e~bly
100. A8 wlll be developed her~n the ther~
conductlon m~ber 14 6er~e~ to ~ov~de unl~ocm he~tl~g
o~ ~he glasc pre~oE~ S~ In ad~itio~, a~ m~y be 8een
~o~ Flgure 5, the ~hermal conduction member 14 ~ay
be Qrme~ with a ~losed end 24 ~e~eon. The ~nn~
sur~e 2~ ~f c~e c103~d end 24 may b~ p~o~ded w~
~ center~ng r~ce~s 28 whlch ~ ~ds~te~ to rec~Ye the
~o~e~t~ng len~e~ end o~ the i~ber 2. An annula~ llng
30 pro~ect~ axlally fro~ th6 lnner ~ur~e o~ th~ 26
o~ the clos~ end ~4 o ~;he ~0mbe~
r~e r i ng 30 eng~ges the ~n~e~ ~ur~a~e o~ the
~duced dis~eter en~ 10 of the ~l~e~ 1 w~ the
15 gkirt por~on 2Z ~urrounas the outer fiurfa~ o tha~
~a~n~ end o~ ~ho Bleey~ 1. Sh~ ther~nal aond~3ctiozl
ma7llbeL 14 car~ ~er~e to ra~lly C~nte~ tll~ ~ib~ ~rlth
eespect to the ~nr~ai ~iameeer o~ thfl ~Qtal ~1e~re 1.
It ~ho~ld be un~r~tood hoYevel: l;hat ~ r~ag 30 ~y
20 b~ o~ltted. iA ~hleh e~rent t~e ~ rt poreiosl 2Z,
enga~ed agalnst tt~e outer sur~ac~ o~ tho ~lee~ 1
8~r~r~B to odnter the ~lbe~ ~ wltl:l re~p~ct to th~
outer suri~ea.
Figu~e S illu~trate~ ~h~ optt~al ~lbe~ ~aed~
th~ough assfl~b~y ~00 ~ ~t ~ould loo~ au~lng tho gl~s
~aællla~y ~eatin~ oQe~at~on. Th~ rec~ 2~ Of th~
alo~2d end o~ th~ m~e~ 1~ m~y be lu~rlc~eed with a
~et graphite ~lYture 15 tD pr~Yen~ the so~ten~d gla~
c~p~lla~y ~rom wettl~ to le ~urin~ the heati~g cyele.
It ~s ~hen ~are~ully ~ p~ ovar tha len~ an~ o~ ~o
th~ ~tal ~le~ ora~r S0 aent0~ e~o l~ns
r~latlvo eo tho ~nt~ xi~ o~ ~9tal ~lee~ 1,
the cen~ec~ng ~ead r~a~ng in th~ looa~lo~ until
: Sh~ gla6~ c~illary Aa~ ~oled a~d h~r~ene~ a~t~r
35 h~atin~ ~t~
1 32322~ '
Ttl~ center~ng bead ~8 made of Kovar, ~l~ich
ha~ a r~latl~r~ly low thermal ~oe~'~clen~ of expan~lon,
and wt~n t~le op~i~al f ~ber ~eedthrougll a~elably l~
tleated, the ~lee~re expand~ ~nore ~han the Ko~ar head
5 and re~ules ~t~ a snug glt between the ~leeve ~n~ th2
be~d. Thit~ bene~lt~ the centerlng upera~on by
red~lcing the e~fect o ol~rance betwe~n the ¢erl~e~Lng
bea~ ~nd ~etal ~leuve.
T4~ oVe~ 1~ ma~ f rom a cera~ic tlub~ 16 an~
14 t~as ~n ele~tr~aal heat~ng ele~es~t 17 i~ the ~o~ of
NICHP~OMEO ~oai~tænce ~rir~.
T~e l?~lDary ~unct~og~ of the ~her~al con~
tlon ~e~ber 1~ to tr~n~mlt he~t unito~ly ~io~ the
heatlng el@n~nt into ehe raau~ed d~aMe~r e~ o~
l'i th~ as6embly 100. Tll~ mlni~lze~ thsrraal ~ra~i~nt~
~ithln t~ r~or~ S occa~oned by coill~l~ o~ tn~ Wir~
and m~ oc ~ore ef~lc~ent heatln~ o~ ~he pr~or~ 5.
Figur~ 6 illu~ te~ an alteena~ bodi~nt
o~ t~a th0r~al con~u~t~on ~el~bec 1.~ ~h ldlll~h tba
20 clol3e~ an~ poetion 1~ o~itted. The ~3~1rt portloa 22
aue~ound8 th~ outer ~u~ace o~ tlle ~l~eve 1, a~
dl~usse~ o~rli~. Tt 3ho~ be r~adily und~r~tood
~hat wtlen ~3lng this e~bodim~nt of the ~h~r21!al
con~llctl~n ~ber 14 t~ aent~r1n~ o~ the ~1bec 14
25 ~ith Jc~pe~t to t~ae 81eeY~ 1 ~UBt ~a ~oYIe u~g th~
8~a~a~ au~e~ e~r11~r.
Pre~rably the ~e~bly ~ h~ted to a
t~pecatllr~ a~ox~Qate1y ~O~C abov~ the ~lasa
tean~lt~oll t~ e~ature o~ tl~ ¢~Qe~ or S~ur
30 rd~nut8~ a~ld t~ a11~s~e~ to eoo1.
3~f~e~n~ ~la~ 801~i~ES ~l~y r~gulre ai~re~
hea~in~ aon~t10ns, but ~n g~3n~ra1 ~h~ af~691~ly 1I~ alO~:
~ub)~a~d So te~ rature~ ~ n e~cc~ o~ 600"~ be~au~
&h~ l~n%~d tlp o~ the o~ti~a1 ~b~r t~nd~ l:o ~r~elt or
35 ~realc o~ tluo ~o ~lb~r eRI~c~elt1eaen~.
~ ~ ... .. .
.~.' .
- ., :: , ;. .
: -.
,. "- . :
:
1 323228
The ICovaL centerins bead i6 ther~ rer30tted ana
cleaned ~o~ r*use, dnd anr re~idual graphite l~t on
lihe lenses end o tbe ~eedthrough i~ reroo~ed wltl
s~e tha no 1 .
S The f eedthrough i~ the~ te~ted ~or
~erme~ialty u~inq ha~ lu~. A ~eal i~ con~ldeced
h~emetlc lt the dQtect~d lealc rate do~ not ~xc~ed
10 ~ atmoa~her~ ~ub~c centimeter6/~econd Helium,
MIL ~P~C 883. The feedthrou~h as showrl in Fl~ure 2
10 i~ n~ cott~pl~te. An altern~te embodi~ent o~ th~8
feedthrou~h, ~ure 3, ~oul~ ~ to bdçk-flll the ~mpty
~pac~ in~d~ the me~al ~l~eve u81n~ arl epo3cy ees~n lB.
Thi~ re~ could be inje~te~ into the ~et~ eve
~er ~ealin~ d he~tic~cy ~e~t~ng u~n~ ~ slDall
15 acae~ hol~ 19. ~he pur~oBe of addl~s t,hia ~t~lal
uould b~ tO ~truct~rally ~upport that portlo~ P~ tlle
ba~e optiaal ~ib~r ~rom the ctr~ppea end o~ th3 ~nn~r
and outer bu~er to th~ qlafi~ oapilla~r 69al.
The l~aterlal~ 0t ~or ~h~ tal ~ n~
20 the ~la~ aap~ llary are ~elected such th~t the
ther~al p ope~ie~, ~uch a~ thel~ coeY~icient~ o~
t~er~a~, oxp~n~lo~ ~nd their ~l~en~ion, ar~ oolaated
su~h th~t, the O~tre~1~8e3 ln Sho gla~s sa~llls~y
~r~ largely ~onlpre~ive. A th~ocatic~ anal~ 8 ~y
25 be us~t to evaluate several ~tecial cand~date~ ~o~
the ~ Ve ~n~ the capillary at ~ gllran ~et o
~o~etrlc pa~a~cter~ an~ tho reBult~ u~ed to ind~ cate
lC2~oB2 eo~lnat~on~ e~timatea eo haYe ten~il0 r~ther
th~rl eom~res~ e ~tre~s~. Such an an~ la ~ S~lY~A
30 b~lGw. It ~ noted that tho~e ar~ t;o~ ~pprox1-
~a~lon~ t~ Qalc~ tl~e analy~ ou~del~n~ n~F
tha~ e~actO
Th~ ~e~l c4nsl~ o~ th~e co~x~al cylilaa~r~
wl~SI d~erlng pso~ert~ . The b~r~ opti~l i~ec
d~lg~ata~ ~B~ re571Orl 1, th~ EI$ ~plllary 8
` ~ ' :` ' ~' `
;
, . . . . ..
` ; :. ` - . ~ ~ ~ ,
: '
1 323228
leg~on 2, ~nd ~he D~etal ~lee~e ce~on ~; ~he outer
radiu~ of the optical ~ber ~aken as e~luAl to the
Lnner r~dlu0 of the gla~ capillary 6e~13 rl, the~
outer rsdius o~ ~he glas~ capil~sry ~e~l (t~lteZI a~
S egud~ to the lnner ~ad~u~ o the ~et~ eY~ r;~,
an~ el~e ou~er ~adiu~ of ~he ~eeal ~leeve ~3,
E:a~h reglon hag it~ O~dR ~e~ og phy~
~roperties: t~odulu~ o~ elasti~lty ~ PO1B~O~B r~lo
o, ~nd coe~lcient of th~al expans~ on ~L. {ba~tl
10 r~gion al~o ha3 i&fi own ~et o phys~ca~ d~nslon~.
The dl~en~lon~ sel~ted are ty~lcal ~or th~ ~nt~n~ed
app~l~nt~on oî 'che ~dth~o~lgh.
TA~31,12 I: P~OPE~TtE38 US~:D I~ CAl rlJLAT~S
~rl,62.5 ~icro~oter~: r j~n200 m~cro~ete~s~; r3-~300 ~ro~et~
~5 ,~ ~ ~
COlSFF. B~1.157
at!a~ ( l . E-7~:) P~ P81 ) T,~
1. OPTICAL PIB15~
~SLIeA . 5 .16 1. 0
;20 2 aLI'.~S CAPI~L~RY
~o~ a 1015 QLAS8 ~ 2 1. O ~0~
"~CIIOT~ 471 ~LA~S106 .22 1.0 ~32
"Ot " ~P-lOO aLAS5 11~ . 22 1. 0 305
!~ nOI" PP-200 al,~ss 1~S .~a l.o 2~0
3. 74~TAL S~
~S l~O~AE~ ~LLOY M~TAL 52 . Z . 30 2 . o
52~ LSOY 97.2 .30 ~.
10~0 ~EI. 151. 0 . 30 2 . 9
304L STAI2~L~S8 ST15~ a . o . 30 2 l 8
E~P. COEPF. ~ L~e~ the~al ~xp~na~o
coe~ ~ la l~S
Pa Pol~son~ ~a~clo ~ lu~
3~ ~s~l~aeadl~
1~ ~ Younsl~s ~o~ul~ nl~ 6t~ o~a3
T~ r~ tlo~ o~p~r~tur~
~0~ ~ P~o~u~ vall~bl~ ~Co113
~w~n~- I l l lno~ e .
"SCHOTT~ ott Gla~werk~ r~g O F~tl .
-
,: . : .
1 32322~
~z
KOVAP~ ~ T~adem~tk o~ We~tlnghQu~2
E19CtL~C c~rpO a;a alloyed ~etal
havin~ 17~ ~obalt, 29t n~kel.
0.2~ oa~ 0.3~ ~ang~n~e.
O. 2~ carbon. re~ainder ~ICo~
l'52-ALLOY" = a ~etal alloy o~ 5a~ nlcls~
S 49~ ico~
u lo10 ~ ca r bon ~ teel
"3V4L", ~ weldable stainle~s ~te~l, 19
chro~ , 10~ nlckel, rem~lnder
l~on
The ~wo-lalfe~ comp~slte ayl~nder Wdl3
analy~ed by G.E. Red~ton ana J.X. Stanwo~th, ~,~. So~.
Gla~s Ta~hnol. . 2~ ~132~ 48-7~, 1945) ana t~e
g~ner~llzed multllayer oyl~n~r w~s ~cU~& by ~.
~ar~hr~eya, ~"Te~ati~ o~ ~a~c~le 8ci~nce éln~
'reahnology, Vol. 22, ~ 5~ }lI"~ pp. 2ql 306, ~a~. M.
TolQozawa a~d a.ll. Dore~nus, ~ca c Pre~s. NY 9
~h~ ~olutlcn 1B ob~alned aq ~!ollo~:
Th~ con~titutlve oquAclo~s rolat~n~ ~Be~s~
to str~ln ~oc ~1~ ela~tl~ oaterl~l, in pvla~ ~oor~l-
naeea. S~ T1~o~henko an~ J.N. aoo~ oosy o~
131a~tio~ty, page ~44, 3~ l~d. MoGraw-Hlll ~ook ~0. . NY,
1970 ), ar~ :
~ ~ Cf ~ E ~ la~ 3)1
zs ~e ~ ~ ~ ~ lae~ ~ ~, t~r ~ ~æ1 1 ~2~ :
~z ~ C~ aE ~ o5)l ~3
whoro ~ , a ~re th~ ra~
c~r~u~fe~ent~l (or ~oop~, ~n~ ~xlal ~c~ s: c~,
z ~ee St~9 ~e~pect~ r~ss~
Young'~ ao~llu~ o~ n'~ ~at40
i~ t~ 13t~n.
35 C~ n 11 ~T (4
12
.
,~. . ~ , ..
,, :` ` ~ ` ' ' ~ ., : .' : '
. :: ` . , : : , :
..
1 323228
13
where a i~ the linear thermal expansion coefflcient
and ~T i8 the temperaturs change ~nega~lv~ when
coolin5~ he ~tr~n0 ~ra d~lned ~n ter~6 o~ th2
radlfll diapla~ement. u, e~
s
c~ ~ dU/d~ ( S )
c~ r ( 6 )
wheee r 1% the radial coordinat~ ng ~qUa~iO~B
10 (1) - (6) it can be shown that the ~tre~s
distribut~on in ~ cyl~rAder h~ the for~:
a~n ~ P~n ~ 2
~ Pn + ~ 2 ~
15 tJz~ ~ Cn t93
wh~ An~ Bn~ ~nd C~ on~ant~l. A
~t~erent ~et dppl~e toc O~C~I ~r~vloualy ~le~ine~
re~ion: u a~ n~ 3- Tbe f~trl@s~e~ ~uot ~e
20 ~inite at r ~ o ~quat~on~ (7) ~nd t~) lmply Cll~t
~1 mu~t ~e Zero. ~rhls 12ave~ hlC eon~tant3 to ~o
deterr4~ned usln~ the followi~ boundaey condltlon~
1~ The di~pla~e~ntB ~U~ atch ~t eA~
~oundarle~ e ~egion~ (~he lay~r~ do ltOt ~e~ar~te
25 OL lnterpenet~ate~. 8Q
UL(C~ ) ~ U2(r~ )
U~r2~ ~ U3~r2) . ~11)
30 2) Th~ ~adial sSrea~e~ IRU~t ~:a~ch ~e the
~ound~rlez of ths ~egion~ to ~?r~ee~re ~qulll~iu~a o~
~or~
ael (r~ e2 (r
35 ~sa(rZ) ~ 3(1~2) ~L3
13
i ~ :
.
,:
~ , :
.
1 32322~
1~
3~ Th~ce c~n be no net ~orae ove~ the end of
the ~yl~nd~r, slllce a net ~orce woul~ u~e
~c~eleratll~n
~3
~zl d~ . o ~14 )
o
4) s~loilael3r, the~e ca~ be llo net ~oroe
10 norR~l to khe l~t~a~ ~u~AC~
~r3~C3) 9' ~15)
5,1 Th~ axi~l ~t~a~ ns IDuat ~atata, ~nc~ t2~e
15 reglon~ Ot, s~ld~ ~2~t one llnoth~3r
C2~ 22 ( 1~ )
e5~2 ~3 ~ )
20 Th~se condltion~ pro~ o~ht ~quation~ that f 15 th~
valu~ o~ t~o olght oon~ta~e~ ~n~ . and CD~'
T4e ~ iitlon~ b~ ~cpr~ d ~13 s~ht tlill~Ult31n20U8
.' l~n~ar ~q~latlo~, Wtllcb a~eor ~el~3elti~ no~
~or ~, Vll and e~ e~ b~ ~01Y~ ~UIaO~iCaa1Y
25 u~insl ~a ao~ut~c.
naly~l~ as~u~ he ~eor~al~ ar~
elan~ or~ tho ~ot ~ cap~ rg 18 S~OtUa11r
. v~,scola~tla, tt~ hr~roL. a~axation~ S ~nd
Co~po~t~;o~, Job~ y ~ ~on~ 98~). T~ere~o~
30 th~a~o r~ule~ ~houl~ not ~o e~r~a a~ ce~, ~u~ a~
t~ ti~B [an~l a~ ~u~h ~r~ ~?robably ~o~Qr~r~t~ ro~
w~ ow~ t~r ~ h~
b~ sre~ b~ o~ tlh~ ~hy~5~al dl~en~on~ ~o~
,~ the~ ~bOE~ a~ ~arîil~ æot ~or~h.
1~
,. .: . .
; . . . ..
,.
: . . , :
1 323228
Tabla lI ~nOws the ~t~e~e~ at the ~be~-
gla~ interfa~e fo~ ~vaciou~ cap~ cy and ~le~
~at~r 14111 .
S T~ CALCUL~T~ S~ES~S ~1 at 103P~I 3
AT FlBe~-~LP~S C~PtL~RY ~r~TEaPACE
~, ae2 ~g 2
~L ~ ~ E ~
OI E~G 1015 KO~ 10 . 7Z5 . 6 13 . 0
5~ A~t~OY -ZO . 71~ . 7
1010 -35 ~ 5 -3 . 9 -2
30~1. S~AIN-
L~ T~EL -~3 . 2 -1~ . O -~2 .1
~O~T ~tOVAR - 8 . 7 2 ~ . 9 17 . ~
5~ ~LLOY -16.3 19.8 3,5
~LO10 -27.~ $.~ -15,~
304 6~AEN _3~ 26 .0
OI PP- 100 I~C VAEI - ll . l 2 9 . 5 1a . 5
52 ALS.OY-l.~l ~ B ~ .S . 9
1~10 -~S.O 9.2 -11.1
3041. ~ASN-
Ll~ S'rE6L-30 . 7 2 . 4 -20
01 PP-200 I~O/AYI _13 ~ 31 2 20 3
2g ~,010 -~3.4 12,4 -7.5
30~t. 8T~
t.~t55 ~ L-2a . g 5 . 9 -16 . 6
POSI~ ~I.UeS 1~D',CCATI5 Tl~SI~
U13GP~TIV~ C~SeR~SS10N, ~1 x 1O3PSI
O~ co~binatlon~ 1~sted ~bo~ th~
o~ pr~or~ ~n~ e ~or1~ u11
~tcuatur~ Wll~ch all thre~ e~tc~ o~onen~c~ ac~
com~ ion, Y~ Ol ESG 1015 ~1as~ GaE~S llac~
1010 ~ e; ~) OI ~G 1015 ql~ and ~ea~Lnl~
35 ~t~l s1e0~: ana 3 ) Saho~t g~ a~ in1e~ e
; . .
'' ' ~ : :
1 323228
~ee~e. The ~econd of the thcee above 116ted ~o~$-
n~t~on~ i~ tlle pce~ecred comb1nation o~ ~tecials ~r
the physical dlmen~ionz ~et out ~n TABt~E ~..
S~:~lnles~ ~teal 18 prell~er~d ~or the ea~e o
S weldability th~t ~ t impart~ eo the ~CU~;ure o~ ~e
~eedthrough a~s~ly.
It should be noted ~roDI foce~Joing ~h~ a
suitable ~ealing i~ter~ace ~y be de~ ed ~et~ees~ th~
~leeîre and the p~efor~ wl ether or not ~he material
10 u~ed to for~ the ~leeve is wett~ble by the 5~1a~B o~
the p~Q~orm. The lOlo slQeVe ~B wet~able by the
~la~. Tho ~tainle~ ~teel sle~vs i~ not. ~By
~ealing lnter~a~e~ 1t i8 ~earl~; that a hec~tic ~eal
~8 def l~e~ bet~een ~w~ ~ember~ haYing a ~ ty
15 le~k cat~ ot le~6 than lo 8 ~t~o~phe~es ~u~1
ce~ ters~second Hel~u~.
The Rqua~ionB ~erQ gur~b~er ~l~ed to d3S4r~a~ne
the ~lnl~u~ guide1i~o va1ue of thoc~al ~paAelon
coQ~c~ t ~or the ~tal 01e~Ye at t~e l~t~
20 di~en~lonn eo yi~l~ a c~pr~lvo h~o~ 6tro~ ~lth OI
e~G 1015. and th~ re~ult va~ 1. 30 sc 10-5~C. q~hl~
thQ~ma~ expansion co~f$clQnt ln~llcate~ &abllity
o~ ~any coppor alloy~ ~ W~11 as ~eYera1~ta~nle~
~te~l co~pol~itions.
A11 of t40 ~oregolng, it 1~ empha~ized,
llolds on1y ~or the P~r~ca~ ai~en~ions above
d~cus~d. The analy~6 ~1~o Rhow~ that va~ae~o~ in
ehe di~ion of the ~eta1 f?~ 2VI~ nay r~sult ~1~ a
given ao~blna~30n o~ ~lee-re ar~ a88 ca~lllary
3~ exh1blt~nq th~ de~ired ~om~r~sive 6t e~e~. F~r
e~asup~, T~ble~ III an~ IV ~11u~eeat~ ~h~ r~lt~ for
a ~ta1nlfl~s ~teel ~10~e ~n~ PP~100 gl~s whe~ ~he
inner ra~lus r;~ anD t~æ outer ra~lu~ r3 o~ th~
81e~ Q ~ i ed ,.
, : ` , :
: . ` ' `: :
'f ~,
1 323228
17
Gla~8 PP-100
Me~al ~leev~ ~;tain~.~38 Steel
rl ~ 6Z . 5 ~lcromet~r~; r3 ~ 300 ! ~icromete
e2 a~ ~l3 az
crQ~et~r~)
125 -36 . 1 -3 . 5 -2fi .
150 -3~ . 3 -:L . 7 -24 . 6
17~ -32 . 6 . 3 2~ . 9
200 -~0. 7 2 . ~ -~0 . ~ :
az5 ~28.5 5.0 -18.0
2~0 -25 . 7 ~ . 3 - 3
PO8~'rIVE VALUES YNDI~ TEN8ION,
NE~:ATI~ 113fi~;IO~103 PSI)
l~E I~
6~.5 al~ro~t~c-; r3 Rl 400 ~lcro~ot~
~2 ~r` '~e 58
~mic~o~ete2s)
1~5 -37 . 2 -5 . 0 -2? . 2
lS0 -36 . O -3 . ~i -26 .
a6 175 -34 . 9 -~.4 -25. ~
200 -33 .~ -1.a -2~.5
22~ -3Z . a . ~ . 4
a50 -3~ . 5 -2~ . 0
PO~IT~ ALU~S It~ICAT~ ~ENSIO~,
N~CA~ C0~ E8SIO~o ~lx~03 P8I)
e~n ~ola TA{~l.t J,II ~y ~ is~g ~2
f ro!ll ~;!00 I~l~CI:O~ t~rR ~;0 175 Pl~C~o~Ot~ e t~
hoo~ ~t~ a~ do~r~a~ t~ros ~400 ~a ~o 300
3~!i P~;I)o ~ns ~e~le o~ th1~ ~ t~ogol~: 1) T~ ile
17
.. ~ .
. .
` `,
.
1 32322~
1~
~eresses whlch in~luence increa6~ the ~usce~eibllity
o~ tl~ qla~ capilldry to the ~or~Ation and
qubsequent ~rvpagat~on o cr4ck~ are ~ign~fiaantly
~limin~e~; ~) The E~roc~ss ~e~peratUre ~90C plu~
5 ~1la88 tran~ on ter~p~ratu~e TG) iq ~edu~ed ~co~
49~PC ~or 1~ L015 glas~ ~0 395~ or PP100 (~ee
rABLE I) whic~ reduces ~e tende~c~r o~ ~1be~
e~4bciteleanen~ a~ elevated tem~ratUre~ ~u~3 ~o 'c~e
appcoximatlons ~ch ~uake tlle analys~ a guldeline
10 ~aSher Sh~n exAc~ u~ed her~i~ the ~erm N largQ3,y
coolp~o~ e" w~en rel~t~ng to r~idual ~tre8~e~
~houl~ b~ conæt~ue~a to ~n~ e tho~e ~tre~o~ that
Appa~r in th~ Table~ ~18 ~ htly ten~le.
~x~le a~ ay be ~e~ ~rith re~erenc~ to ~ABLE I~I
15 for L2 equ~l to 175 ~lcco~tsLs
~3 ~ htly ten~ile ~300 P~l 8tce~) yet a~
a~e~cabl~ ~al ~ s produ~d . ~ur~h~c . a~ ~a~
with r~eence tO ~ABL~ IV when l~2 ~ualo ~25
~icro~t~r~ ~0 i8 ~hown a~ ly ten~llo
20 tlOO P~I 8tr~s~) yot an accs~t~blo ~ nay b-
produceA. ~s ~ ~e~u~t, l~ acCoc~ance Wlt~ the
pre~eqt ~n~ention a ~eal 1~ ~ro~rided 1~ whlc~ ~Q
~u~optlb~lity o~ cLa~k propagatlon i~ lt~d. ~rle
hyail~d~ e~han~ '18 bQl rl~ o al~o pcevent
25 th~ for~lon ~ ccacl~a. It i~ l~oee~ that th~
~o~enc~ o2 ~ol~ t~ he~ tal ~lee~e ~y
htly lncr~as~ proces~ 2ratu~
The ~a30r be~ef~ o~ ha~r~n~ the ~la~s
ca~llla~y totnl1y 1D~ co~l?~e~lon is t4at the~ tor~t~on
30 of ~l qra~ks ~ue to te~sl1e ~tre~aes iL~ ~ n3 ~ ze~ .
Thl~ ,naees th~ nee~ to ~on~or~ onlesel~ wlt~
p~d~tlng the ~ropa~at~o~ r~t~ of ~las~ c2aq~1e~ .
re~a~dla~ o~ ~hseber th~y ~re ~x~Al~ c~LrcuD~er~nti~l
o~ ca~ial, ~n th~s ~ e o2 applio~ion. Th0 r~sult
3S 1~ ~n o~tical ~lbo~ ~o~eh~ou~l~ 0~ riq~ eo~ ru~ ~on
~Y~ng exoellent long te~ h~rRs~ele ~rop~tles.
.
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