SYSTEMS TO DRILL MINERALS ETC...

SYSTEMES POUR FORCER DES MINERAIS

English Abstract

System for drilling minerals, rocks and others of
that kind with the use of rotating disk- or slab-
tools, therewith characterized , that the material to
be drilled will be axcavated - as the case may be
pre-cut / reliefed - chiefly in a frontal advance
direction, but also radially from the inside to the
outside - layerwise undercut and always breaking into
the free space. In combination hereto a process-
patent is demanded for a propulsive aggregate being
autonomic by supporting itself on the pre-worked /
pre-cut excavating front - or rather being lead on it
or through it and keeping this way a constant
undercutting depth.

Claims

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. An apparatus for cutting rock, minerals, and the like
that incorporates a driven shaft on which is arranged at least one
mounting, which supports at least one conical rolling drill on one
side that removes the undercut rock layer by layer in the open
space, characterized in that the rolling drill is connected with a
guide element which spaces this from the face and which supports
the rolling drill on the face during operation and determines the
depth of the undercut.
2. An apparatus as defined in claim 1, characterized in
that a plurality of rolling drills are arranged in several steps.
3. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 or claim 2,
characterized in that the rolling drills have a hammering effect
superimposed on them.

Description

13~8~2
Rocks, and particularly minerals, are normally obtained
by drilling and blasting, with the known disadvantages.
Using the apparatus of the present invention, such
materials can be obtained without the use of explosives and with
an optimal severing effect, and removed layer by layer, preferably
in a linear direction of advance. It has been shown that in the
case of rock cutting by undercutting rock that breaks into open
space, rock pressure assists in obtaining significantly coarser
drilled material which, amongst other things, makes more rapid and
rational drilling possible; in addition, the so-called bore-out
widths or bore-out depths can be selected so as to be considerably
greater depending on the material that is to be drilled, using
comparatively lower contact pressure forces.
The apparatus of the invention can be used for the
expansion of any profiles from the inside outward from an existing
break-in or fore-bore - a round tunnel - to form vault-shaped
profiles, or fore-bores to shafts.
Activation from the inside out means that disks or the
like - with or without serrations can, on the one hand, be
activated from the interior, e.g., by eccentrics, or else the
whole drilling machine can be activated from outside, e.g., by
eccentrics - or acted upon by unbalance-type hammers, and
activated thereby. When this is done, the contact pressure forces
that are required are only about 10% of those required for
conventional drilling.
The self-controlled aggregate not only entails the
advantage that it requires neither control electronics nor an
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133~842
operator to maintain the undercut depth but also that the material
has been drilled out can be easily picked up, i.e., removed,
behind the drilling machine.
In summary, the present invention provides an apparatus
for cutting rock, minerals, and the like that incorporates a
driven shaft on which is arranged at least one mounting, which
supports at least one conical rolling drill on one side that
removes the undercut rock layer by layer in the open space,
characterized in that the rolling drill is connected with a guide
element which spaces this from the face and which supports the
rolling drill on the face during operation and determines the
depth of the undercut.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be
described in greater detail below on the basis of the drawings
appended hereto, in which
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an excavation illustrating
a rotating disk tool;
Fig. 2 is a different sectional view of the excavation
of Fig. 1 illustrating the tool from another angle;
Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing a
plurality of cutting disks;
Fig. 4 illustrates a cutting tool for cutting in layers;
Fig. 5 is a detailed view of one of the cutting areas;
Fig. 6 illustrates the use of pre-drilled holes for
drilling arch profiles; and
Fig. 7 shows the arch profile obtained using the
technique illustrated in Fig. 6.

13~842
Figure 1 shows one embodiment wherein 1 refers to the
undercutting, removing and breaking disk-cutter tool, 2 is the
motor-driven, rotating or oscillating arm of the drilling machine,
3 is the outline of the rock before undercutting, and 4 the
outline after undercutting, with the arrow indicating the
direction of advance.
In Figure 2, 7 refers to the disk cutter and 8 is a
rotating or oscillating arm, 9 is the rock front before removal
and 10 the rock front after removal, as in Figure 1, as viewed
from another direction.
In Figure 3, 11 is a conventional advance apparatus and
12 is the drill head with a plurality of disk cutters which, in
this embodiment, is motor-driven; in this, these are arranged in a
line and only undercut/remove one stratum. The drill head can be
activated as a whole, centrally, or the drills can be activated
individually. According to the present invention, in this system,
the specific application forces are unequalled, and thus more
advantageous than with a disk of the diameter of the cutting
height. In Figure 4, 13 indicates the disk drill tools that are
undercutting and rotating, optionally hammering and/or
drilling/hammering tools; 14 indicates the mountings for these,
and 15 is the motor-driven shaft. The tools 13 that are stepped
so as to cut off in the direction of advan~e have mountings that
are of unequal length which are spaced evenly on the shaft 15.
Figure 5 shows the removal front or direction 16 in a stratum, as
viewed from above. In this, which is one of a number of possible
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133484~
embodiments, 17 indicates the traction system, which is a
hydraulic ram with a cylinder that is installed in the top wall or
floor, 18 is a skid, which can also be replaced by wheels or
rollers, or which can be pressed down and locked into position
from one stroke to another, this being done with a separate
disk/advance/traverse system. 19 indicates the pressure system
that is supported so as to be able to pivot on the hydraulic ram -
see arrow 20. 21 is a motor-driven disk-like cutter drill and
21a indicates a similar tool working in a second stage. The
slight angling that is shown reduces wear. The system explained
above can, of course, be used to remove horizontal strata, e.g.,
for the layer by layer removal of road surfaces.
Figures 6 and 7 show how, using the present invention
for undercut removal, it is possible to widen pre-drilled holes
radially from the inside out and, especially, to do this in order
to bore vaulted profiles.
In Figure 6, 29 is the retaining and rotating apparatus
in a fore-bore, 30 is a version of a rolling or hammering disk
cutter as well as a conventional undercutting disk cutter, 31 is
the outline of the rock before undercut removal, 32 is the
extensible, slowly rotating hydraulic cylinder that is driven
through 29 and held from cut to cut without advancing, when
widening a fore-bore.
Figure 7 shows a system for the subsequent drilling out
or widening of a circular tunnel bore to arrive at a vaulted
profile. 33 is a powered optionally activated drill head with
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133~842
three disk cutters. 34 is a single activated rolling drill that
can, amongst other things, drill on the spot, which can thus drill
out the corners to form a vaulted profile.

Representative Drawing