Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
TITL~ OF THE INVENTION
CONCRETE FLOORING BASE AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD THEREOF
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a flooring base for an
edifice such as a wooden building and a method for
constructing the same, and more particularly to a concrete
flooring base and a construction method thereof.
Discussion of Backqround -
In recent years floor heating methods have been adopted
wherein hot water pipes are distributed beneath a flooring
surface to heat a building from that floor surface. In this ~ ~
case, concrete is poured over the entire floor surface to ;;
form a concrete flooring base, and a plurality of heating ; ~,
members such as hot water pipes and electric heaters are
posittoned on or within the flooring base.
Conventionally, the concrete flooring base has been
formed by the following method. First, the external
periphery and the main section of the edifice are excavated.
Then the concrete for the foundation footings is poured, and ;
after this concrete has hardened, a temporary frame is ;
erected on its surface, concrete is poured into this frame ~
and the foundation wall is formed. After the temporary -
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frame is removed a backfilling operation is performed, the
part enclosed by the foundation wall is banked and tamped,
after which concrete is poured to form a surface.
However, with this construction method the banking and
tamping processes are very troublesome and tend to increase
construction costs. In particular, when an existing wooden
structure is being renovated and a concrete flooring base is ~ ;
f'ormed, the earth used for banking must be carried through
the house, thus soiling the interior. The preliminary
arrangements for preventing such soiling are very
troublesome and are a major problem.
In addition, although the load of the structure itself
is supported by the foundation footings, the load from heavy
articles set on the floor is transmitted directly to the
concrete flooring base. There is therefore some concern
that subsidence will occur in the weak sections of the
banking and the like. As a countermeasure,~the concrete
flooring base is linked to the foundation wall so that the
weight of the flooring is supported by the foundation
footings. However, with this type of structure heat escapes
from the concrete floor base through the foundation wall and
is lost to the outdoors. This decrease in insulating
properties is a problem. This problem is particularly
serious when floor heating is used.
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SUMMARY OF TH~ INVENIION
It is therefore a first object of the present invention ~:
is to provide a concrete flooring base, from which the :~
above-mentioned conventional drawbacks have been removed,
which has superior strength and is suitable as a floor for ~ i
floor heating because of the ease of providing an insulated ;
structure. ;~
A second object of the present invention is to provide :
a floor construction method for the above concrete flooring
base. . ~ .
The first object of the present invention is achieved ...
by a concrete flooring base comprising: `.
~a) underground concrete foundation footings supporting . .
foundation walls thereon, which foundation walls support a :~ :
building thereon,
(b) a plurality of tubular bodies which are arranged ;,
separately from each other in the section enclosed by the .
foundation walls; and
~c) a concrete floorlng base portion which is cast
integrally with the external peripheries of the tubular `~
bodies. ..
The second object of the present invention is achieved . ~'
by a method for constructing a concrete flooring base,
comprising the steps of pouring the concrete over the
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excavated external periphery and main sections of a building ~ ;
to form the foundation footings which support the load of -
the building, forming foundation walls on the foundation
footings, providing a plurality of tubular bodies, with
these tubular bodies arranged in the section enclosed by the
foundation walls, preferably in parallel over the entire
surface of the section, and positioned so that each tubular
body is slightly separated from the adjacent tubular body,
and pouring concrete around the peripheries of the tu~ular
bodies to form a concrete flooring base.
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BRIEF D~SCRIPqlON OF TEF DRAWINGS ~-
These and other objects, features, and advantages of
the present invention will become more apparent from the
following description of the preferred embodiments taken in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG.l is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the
present invention,
FIG.2 is a sectional view showing another example of
the implementation of a concrete flooring base according to
the present invention, and
FIG.3 is a sectional view showing one part of a
concrete flooring base according to the present invention.
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DETAILED D~SCRIPIION OF THE PR~KK~D EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to the accompanying drawings, the present
invention will be explained in detail.
FIG.l is a schematic cross-sectional view of an
embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated in the
figure, the concrete flooring base according to the present ;~ ;
invention comprises (a) underground concrete foundation ~
footings 11 supporting foundation walls 13 thereon, which ~ ;
foundation walls 13 support a building thereon, (b) a ~ ;
plurality of tubular bodies 21 which are arranged separately
from each other in the section enclosed by the foundation
walls 13; and (c) a concrete flooring base portion 25 which ~
is cast integrally with the external peripheries of the ~ ;
tubular bodies 21.
In constructing the concrete flooring base according to
the present invention, the external periphery and main
sections of a building are first excavated, then concrete is
poured to form a plurality of foundation footings 11. A ;
plurality of temporary frames (omitted from the drawing) is ~
erected on the footings 11, and concrete is poured into ;
these frames to form a plurality of foundation walls 13 in
which a plurality of reinforcing steel rods 15 has been
previously positioned for reinforcement. After the concrete
in the foundation walls has hardened the temporary frames ;~
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are removed and dirt is backfilled into the excavated
sections around the foundation walls. Next, a plurality of
cylindrical tubular bodies 21 is provided. These tubular
bodies 21 are arranged in parallel over the entire surface
of the section enclosed by the foundation walls, positioned
so that each tubular body 21 is slightly separated from the
adjacent tubular body 21. These tabular bodies may be
arranged superimposedly with a space therebetween when
necessary. At this time a plurality of small blocks
(omitted from the drawing) is provided, with these blocks
positioned individually over a ground level surface GL to
raise the tubular bodies 21 a slight distance from the
ground level surface GL so that the poured concrete is able
to penetrate to the undersides of the tubular bodies 21.
When conventional methods are used this portion would then
be banked, but with the method of the present invention this
step is unnecessary.
While it i8 apparent that the diameter of the tubular body used
can vary widely, usually it will range from 20 cm to 50 cm, and one
having a diameter of 30 cm will be found to be effective in many
installations.
Next, an insulating member 23 is provided against the
inside of the foundation wall lS and concrete is poured
around the tubular bodies 21 to form a concrete flooring
base 25. Following this-step any desired type of flooring
may be formed over the concrete base 25. FIG.1 illustrates
the case where floor heating is used. An insulating member -
31 is laid, then a plurality of hot water pipes 33 for floor
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heating is distributed on the insulating mem~er 31 and the
pipes 33 are overlaid by a regenerative member 35 covered by ' ~
a floor surface member 37 such as a matting or the like. ;'
For convenience, floor joists and the like have been omitted
from the drawing. Concrete can be readily poured into the -~
space under the floor using a pipe, thus lowering
construction costs. In particular, even in the case where
an existing wooden structure is being renovated and a -
concrete floor base is to be formed, the floor boards can be
removed, the tubular bodies arranged in the space under the
floor, and concrete can be poured over the tubular bodies
through a pipe, making this operation very simple. In
addition, the tubular bodies 21, which provide for
construction of the flooring base with a very small amount ~-
of concrete, are arranged side by side, covering almost the
entire surface of the space beneath the floor. Use of large
diameter tubular bodies reduces the permitted range of the
spacing required for strength. The tubular bodies do not
have to be cylindrical. For example, a square cross section -
is also acceptable.
Use of the tubular bodies 21 allows the flooring base
to be formed with a small amount of concrete and to maintain
its shape satisfactorily until the concrete has set. The ;
tubular bodies are not required to have the strength of
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structural members. Accordingly, if cost is a
consideration, paper tubing can be used.
As shown in FIG.2, by burying a mesh sheet 27 of metal
netting or the like in the top and bottom, or on one side or
the other of the concrete flooring base 25, the bonding
strength of the concrete is increased. The overall strength
is therefore increased making it possible to reduce the
thickness of the concrete in that section.
As illustrated in FIG.3, when the concrete flooring
base 25 is viewed in section it is seen to have an I-shaped
structure. The entire concrete flooring base 25 can be
considered as a continuous I-shaped structure which pro~ides
a high degree of strength. Also, because no banking is
necessary under the concrete flooring base 25, a flush ~ -
ground level surface is provided. As a result, the concrete
flooring base 25 is very strong in itself so there is no
concern about subsidence occurring. Therefore, a floor
constructed by the method of the present invention can not
only be used for ordinary dwellings and stores but is also
suitable for floors in factories which bear heavy loads,
gymnastic halls, and the like. Because there is no worry
about subsidence it is not necessary to secure the concrete
flooring base 25 to the foundation walls 13. Therefore, the
insulating member 23 can be provided to the full height of
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the foundation wall 13, as shown in FIG.l, so that the
flooring is completely insulated from the outdoors.
Accordingly, heat cannot escape from the structure through
the concrete flooring base 25 and the foundation walls 13, ~ ~
and moisture is also prevented from entering from the ~ ~`
outside, so ~hat a floor constructed by the method of the -
present invention is highly desirable for floor heating. ;
In the method of the present invention, tubular bodies
are arranged in parallel in the section enclosed by the -
foundation walls of a structure and concrete is poured
around the periphery of the tubular bodies to provide
superior operability, wherein complicated operations such as
banking, tamping, and the like are unnecessary, and a
strong, solid concrete flooring base can be formed with very
little concrete. Because strength is not required in the
tubular bodies, even paper tubes can be adopted so that ~;
their use does not increase costs. -
In addition, problems such as subsidence associated
with conventional methods are eliminated so that an
insulated structure is possible and a superiox insulating ,
effect is obtained. ;
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