Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
This invention rela-tes to a method texturing threads
wherein the threads are passed to a first delivery sta~ion,
textured, provided with an imitation twist, and passed to a
second supply station. The present invention also relates to
a texturing apparatus for carrying out the method that
incorporates a texturing nozzle surrounded by a casing,
around which there is an annular chamber. Part of the
chamber communicates through a line to a source of compressed
air, and another part communicates throuyh ra~ial drillings
o to the interior space of the texturing nozzle.
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In order to prevent the breakaye of individual filaments
from having a disadvantageous effect when a thread,
particularly a thread o~ glass fibres, enters the texturing
apparatus, causing not only uneven hulking of the thread, but
also complete breakage of the threads, it is usual to twist
together tha filaments that are combined to make a thread.
Because o~ this twisting of the combined filaments prior to
movement to the texturing apparatus is regarded as a
particularly costly step, DE 39 19 758 A1 proposes a process
in which the threads that pass first to a first delivery
system, from there to a texturing nozzle, and ~inally to a
second delivery system pass through an imitation twist
apparatus between the texturing nozzle and the second
delivery system.
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This imitation twist apparatus that follows the
texturing nozzle in the direction in which the threads move
is vulnerable to dust and fibre deposits, partlcularly iE
this consists essentially of a twist pin that can be rotated
ahout its axis. This twist pin around which the threa~ loops
by 1~0 rotates at a peripheral speed that essentially
matches the running speed of the thread and which if the
twist pin is only a few millimeters in diameter, leads to
extremely high rotational speeds. Even small amounts o~ dirt
in this apparatus can thus cause considerable frictional
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losses. For this reason, relatively .~requ~.nt breakdowrls and
interruptions for cleaning, maintenance, and repairs, are
unavoidable.
It an ohject o~ the present invention to provide an
improved and, in particular, more reliable process ~or
texturing threads, particularly glass fibre threads, the
filaments that form the thread being additionally textured in
an optimally twisted state.
According to the present invention there i.is provided a
lo process ~or texturing threads, which are first being pas~ied
to a ~irist delivery system, textured and provided with a
false twist, beEore being passed to a second delivery system, : -
the improvement wherein during the texturing process a false
twi.st is applied directly to the thread.
~15According to the present invention, ths twisting process . .
and the texturing process have been combine~ so as to form
one step in the overall procesis, so that not only is thie
thread spared from coYering the~short stretch between a
texturing nozzle and an artificial twist machine but also
separate machinery for texturing and for imparting a false
twiist are eliminated. In particlllar, the combined texturing
and twisting process has the advantage that the high VPlocity
air jets required for t~xturing are also effective in the
area in which the Palse twist i5 imparkPd, and for thiis
reason prevent the formation o~ dust and fibre deposits and
the creation of other contaminiantsi.
In order to carry out the process according to the
pre5ent invention, a texturing apparatu5 is used Which is
fitted with a texturing nozzle that is surrounded by a
~ aasing, about which thexe is an annular chamber, part o
which is connected t~rough a line to a siource of compressed
air and part of which is conneated to the int~rior space of
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the texturin~ no~zle through dri]linys that are essentially
radial and which are orient~d so as to be inclined towards
the direction in which the thread moves.
In order to twist the fil~ments that are passed
coaxially through the texturing nozzll~ using a texturing
apparatus of this kind, it is sufficilent if, according to the
present invention, the inside wall of the texturing nozzle is
provided along a-t least part of its axial dimension with
spiral grooves.
lo The grooves, which preferably ext~nd continuously with a
large pitch acros~ at least ~ specific interval ahead of and
behind th~ outlet area of the drillings that are essentially
radial and which are inclined to the direction o~ movement of
the thread impart to the threads and to the air jets which
additionally and preferably flow into the interior space of
the texturing nozzle tangentially an ef~ect that twists the
threads very intensively without there being any need ~or
additional precautions.
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However, it is possible to use a texturin~ apparatus of
the type described heretofore Por carrying out the process
according to the present invention, in which the filaments
that are passed coaxially through the texturing nozzle are
twisted in which the texturing nozzle is supported in the
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casing so as to be rotatable about its axis, with the end
piece of the texturing nozzle that extends beyond the casing
being provided with a driving wheel or pinion that i5 mounted
on it so as to be ~ixed and non-rotatable.
~ he filaments that~are pressed against the inslde wall
of the texturing nozzle in th~ textured state are ePfectively
picked up by the rotation of the nozzle whereby the threads
are similarly twistad very intensively.
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Even though as a rule it will be sufficien~ to use one
or the other prescribed texturing devices in order to achieve
optimal imitation twisting of the thread, a further
configuration of the present inven-tion provides that the
texturing nozzle be provided both with spiral grooves and
also be rotatably supported and drive~n within the casing.
In order to achieve more careful guidance of the threads
it is advantageous if the texturiny nozzle is provided with a
conically tapered entry area, a cylindrical centre section,
and a conical or arced widened outlet area.
If such a texturing no2zle is used, the individual
filaments of a thread are subjected to minimal stress. In
the case of a tsxturing nozzle that is driven so as to rotate
a~out its axis and to transfer its rotational speed to the
threads with a minimum o~ loss, a further configuration o~
the present invention provides that the texturing nozzle is
provid~d with a transverse pin that is arranged within the
widened outlet area and which pas~e~ through the int rior
space o~ the texturing nozzleO ~Since the threads can only
pass this transver~e pin on one side, not only is the outlet
area of the texturiny nozzle that is available for the
passage of the threads reduced to less than one-half, but, in
addition, the threads are displaced from the area of the
midline axis of the noz21e in the area of the cross or
transverse pin and because o~ the eccentric position into
which it i~ moved it i5 ~ubjected to centri~ugal force which
means that the thread is pressed hard against the inner wall
of the nozzle which ~urther enhanae~ a very strong twisting
e~fect.
~he invention will now be described in more detail, by
way o~ example only, with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which:~
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Figure 1 shows a -texturing nozzle with spiral grooves on
the inner wall of the nozzle, in longitudinal section;
Figure 2 is a cross section through the texturing nozzle
on the line A-~ in figure l; and
Figure 3 shows a rotatably supported texturing nozzle
fitted with a driviny wheel, in longitudinal section.
As is shown in figure 1, a thread 3 made up o~ filaments
passes in the direction indicated by the arrow 2 through a
texturing nozzle which bearsi the overall re~erence 1, which
lo is in turn surrounded hy a casing tnot shown herein). This
thread passes through a conically restricted inlet entry area
4 into the texturing nozzle 1, passes through an essentially
cylindrical middle section 5, and then passes through an
outlet area 6 that is widPned in an arc-shape, in a t~xtured
and twisted state.
The texturing nozzle 1 is acted on hy compresied air
through drillings 7 inclined at an acute angle to the
direction in which the thread 3 moves, said drillingG 7 being
distr;buted equally about the periphery of the texturing
nozzle 1 and being identically oriented tangentially and
opening out into the essentially cylindrical middle section
5. This middle iection incorporates spiral grooves 8 along
its axial dimension, and these extend down as far as the
outlet cro5s section o~ the texturing nozzle 1.
As can be seen in particillar from figure 2, the, adjacent
grooves 8 are ln each instance s~parated by means o~ a land 9
that is of approximately semi-circular cross section, so that
there are no sharp edges that could damage the thread 3 that
pa0ises through them.
Because of the spiral-shaped pro~iling o~ the nozzle
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walls, the twis-ting air that is lntroduced, and with it the
thread, are subjected to an intensive effect about its
long.itudinal axis and is thus twisted at the same time as it
is textured.
As is shown in figure 3, the tex-turing and twisting
efEect can also be achieved by supporting the texturing
nozzle 1' by means of ball bearings lo, so as to be rotatable
within a casin~ 11 about its axis by means of a drive wheel
12.
A thread (not shown herein) moves in the direction
indicated by an arrow 2 throu~h a conically constricted entry
area 4' into the texturing nozzle l', passes through a
cylindrical centre section 5', and then moves through a
conica~ly expanded outlet area 6' in a similarly textured and
twisted 6tate.
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The housing 11 includes an annular space 13 that is
defined at both face ends by sealing washers 14 that are of
approximately U-cross section, each inside ed~e of the
sealing washers 14 being provided with an elastic sealing
ring 15.
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~he annular space 13 is connected through a radial
connector piece 16 to a source o~ compressed air (not shown
herein). Drillings 17 that are arranged at an acute angle
relative to the midline axi~ o~ the texturing nozzle 1' are
distributed and evenly spaced about the periphery of the
texturing nozzle 1'. The compressed air acts on the centre
section 5' from the iannular chamber 13 by way o~ these
drillings 7'.
Because o~ thle compxessed air, the thread within the
cen~re section 5' i5 bulked, pressed ayainst the inside wall
of the ¢entre section 5', and thus the rotati.onal movement of
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-the texturing nozzle 1' is transmitted to the thread.
A cross pin 17 passes throuyh the outlet area 6' of the
texturing nozzle 1' and compels the thread to move
eccsntrically, so that the thread is sub~ected to incre~sed
centrifugal force as a result of this. Because oE this, the
thread is pressed against the widened outlet area 6', against
the inside wall, so that the rotational movement is continued
intensively.
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