Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
~3 uS~
WO 91/06622 PCI/EP90/01679
I~ETERGENT 'COMPOSITIONS
- 5 The present invention relates to liquid detergent
composlt-o}ls, in ~articular to liquid detergent
compo~itions which comprise a dispersion of lamellar
droplets in an aqueous continuous phase.
~-:
Lam~lla- dr,plets a~e ?. p2rticular class of surfactant
~; structu~s which, inter alla, are already known from a
variety OL ~r~ferPnc7~sl ~.g. H.~.Barnes, 'Det2rgents',
Ch.2. in 7~ alters (3d), t~heometry: Industrial
; ~pplications', J. T~7iley & Sons, Letchworth 1980.
Such lamellar dispersions are used to endow properties
such as consumer-preferred flow behaviour and/or turbid
appearance. Many are also capable of suspending
particulate solids such as detergency builders or
` 20 abrasive particles. Examples of lamellar structured
;~ liquids without suspended solids are given in US patent
4 244 840, whilst examples where solid particles-are
suspended are disclosed in specifications EP-A-160 342;
~i EP-A-38 101; EP-A-104 452 and also in the aforementioned
~5 US 4 244 340. Others are disclosed in European Patent
, Specification EP-A-151 88~, where the lamellar droplet
i are call~d 'spherulites'.
The presencs of lamellar droplets in a ~iquid detergent
product may be detected by means known to those skilled
in the ar~, for example optical techniques, various
rheometrical measurements. X-ray or neutron diffraction,
and`electron microscopy.
The drople~s consist OI an onion-like configuration of
concentric bi-layers of surfactant molecules, between
whic~ is trapped water or electrolyte solution (aqueous
.
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WO91/06622 PCT/EP90/01679
phase). Systems in which such droplets are close-pac~ed
provide a very desirable combination o~~ physi~al
stability and solid-suspending properties with us2rul
flow propertias.
s
;~ A problem in formulating det2rg~nt co~posi;: 0l15 GL ;i .
~;~ lamellar phase volume is a possi~la instaailit-i ~n~/3-,-
high viscosity of the product. Th~s2 probi2~s ara ,~uïl~
described in our co-pending ou ~pean ~at~n_ ap~ll C2' ion
;~ lO 89201530.6 (EP 346 995).
'";~;
;~ We have now found that the depor.doncy of sta~ilit~
and1or viscosity upon volum2 Lracti~n _~ iO~
influenc d ~y incorporating into a la~ellar dec~org~onc
composition a deflocculating polymer consisting of
alternating hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups; these
polymers have-one of the following general structures:
A~ A--B ~ or B--A-EB--A ~B
: wherein A represents a hydrophobic sroup, B a
hydrophilic group and z is an integer which is
preferably zero.
Z5
Accordingly the present invention relates to a liquid
detergent composition comprising a dispe~sion of
lamellar droplets in an aqueous continuous phase and a
block copolymer consisting of alternating hydropho~ic
and hydrophilic moieties, wherein the equivalent
composition, minus the polymer has a significantly
higher viscosity and/or becomes unstable.
The defIocculating polymer allows, iL desir~d, -'he
incorporation of greater amounts of surfactan-ts and/or
electrolytes than would otherwise be compatibl2 with the
need for a stable, low-viscosity product. It also
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WO91/06622 PCT/EP90/01679
allows (if desired) the incorporation of greater amounts
of certain other ingredients co whl~n, ~i-cherto,
lamellar dispersions have been hlghlv st2bility-
sensitive. ~urther details of ~hese ar~ -J.iYen
S hereinbelow.
The prPsent invention allows formulation o; staDle,
pourable products wherein the volume rraction oE the
~- lamellar ~hase is 0.5- 0.6 or nigner, out ~ith
; 10 combinations or concentratlons o-r i ~groaie.n CS no ,_
possible hitherto. A method of deter~ining the volume
fraction of the lamell2r phase is descr bed in our
copending european patent applic~-cion o3201~30.o.
~ 15 Generally, it is preferred for t~s compositions OI the
; present invention to have solid-suspending properties
(i.e. capable of suspending solid particles).
In practical terms, i.e. as determining product
properties, the term 'deflocculating' in respect of the
~ polymer means that the equivalent composition, minus the
`~ polymer, has a significantly higher viscosity and/or
becomes unstable. It is not intended to embrace polymers
which would increase the viscosity but not enhance the
stability of the composition. It is also not intended to
embrace polymers which would lower the viscosity simply
by a dilution effect, i.e. only by adding to the volume
of the continuous phase. Nor does it include those
polymers which lower viscosity only bè reducing the
volume fraction (shrinking) of the làmellar droplets, as
~; disclosed in our UK Patent Application N 8718217
(corresponding to E~ 301 883). Thus, although within the
ambit of the present invention, relatively high levels
of the deflocculating polymers can be used in tnose
systems where a viscosity reduction is brought about;
typically levels as low as from about 0.01% by weight to
about 1.0% by weight can be capable of considerably
.
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WO91/06622 ~ PCT/EP90/01679
reducing the viscosity at 21 5-1, Preferably the
reduction ir1 viscosity at a polymer level of l.0% by
weight is moro than 10%, more preferred 20% or more,
especial ~7 s~re1red more than 30~.
~ ~speclally pre~erL~d embodim~onts of the present
;~ invenLion ~ibit less phase separation on storage and
aYe a 19~er viscosi~ than an equivalent composition
withou_ ~n~J o~ the derlocculating polymer. Preferably
composit~ons Oe the ~resPnt ~nvention ~ill yield no more
han lO~ 3 mOI e pref2rr~d no more than 5 ~, especially
proferred no mor~ ~an 2 ~ by volume phase saparation as
e~idenced by appearanc~ OI 2 or mora phases when ~tored
at 25 C lor 21 days from the time of preparation. The
viscosity o~ compositions according to the invention is
preferably less than 3.5 Pas, more preferably less than
2.5 Pas and especially not greater than l-,500 mPas at a
;~ shear rate of 21 s-l.
, . ,
Without being bound by any particular interpretation or
theory, the Applicants have hypothesised that the
polymers exert their action on the composition by the
~ollowing mechanism~ The hydrophobic group(s) could be
incorporated in the outer bi-layer of the lamellar
droplets, ls3ving the hydrophilic groups over the
outside of the droplets and/or the polymers could be
incorporated deeper inside the droplet.
When the hydrophobic groups are incorporated in the
outer bilayer of the droplets, this has the effect of
decoupling the inter- and intra-droplet forces i.e. the
difference between the forces between individual
surfactant molecules in adjacent layers within a
particular droplet and those bet~een surfactant
mole~ 1PS in adjac2nt dropl~:s could become accentuated
in that the Iorces between adjacent droplets are
rQduced. This will generally rssult in an increased
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WO91/06622 ~ PCT/~P90/0~67
stability due to less flocculation and a decrease in
~iscos~ty du~ to smaller forces between the droplets
resulting in ~r~ater distances ~etween adjacent
droplets~
T~h~n t'ne pol~mers are incorporated deeper inside the
droplets also 12ss flocculation will occur, resulting in
an incrs~sz in ~tahility. The influence of these
~ ~ol~rmer5 ~llt:~in the droplets on the viscosity is
: ~ 10 gO~2--.~d ~y ~',Y0 opposite effects: firstly the presence
or^ dscoupling polymers will decrease the forces ~etween
~; ad;acent d~o~lets resulting in greater distances between
~-" the dro~le.s, generally resulting in a lower viscosity
of tha syiatem; secondly the forces between the layers
~; 15 within the droplets are equally reduced by the presence
of the polymers in the droplet, this generally results
in an-increase in-the layer thickness, therewith
increasing the lamellar volume of the droplets,
therewith increasing the viscosity. The net effect of
these two opposite effects may result in either a
decrease or an increase in the viscosity of the product.
The composition according to the invention may contain
only one, or a mixture of deflocculating polymer types.
The term 'polymer types' is used because, in practice,
nearly all polymer~samples will have a spectrum of
structur~s and mol~cular weights and often impurities.
Thus, any structure of defloccu}ation polymers described
in this specification refers to polymers which are~
believed to be effective for deflocculation purposes as
defined hereabove. In practice these effective polymers
may constitute only part of the polymer sample, provided
that the amount of deflocculation polymer in total is
suffici2nt to er I eci the desired deflocculation effects.
Furthermore, any structure described herein for an
individual polymer type, refers to the structure of the
predominating deflocculating polymer species and the
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W091/06622 2 ~ ~ ~ 9 ~ 8 PCT/EP90/0l679
~ molecular weight specified is the weight aYerage
! molecular weight of the defloccul~tlon -ol~mers in tne
polymer mixture.
The hydrophilic groups OI the polyme~ aro prsf3rably
composed of hydrophillc monomar ~nlcs -iaicn san bo
~ selected from a varlet~ o-f uni~s a~il 2b~ - -or rhr
`~ preparation of polymers. Suicablo nyfroo~nilic monom~-r
:~ units are for instance described in our coo2nding
~: 10 european patQnt applicati.on Q9~ '530.~. ?~rr,~ ar!v
~: preferred hydrophilic groups ar- polyec~lo~ grou?s
preîerably ComprisincJ rom ~ ~o ~0 eL~ n'^ oxic'e
groups, polyglycerol, condensacion pO1~2rS OL
polyglycerol and citric acid a~hydrl~e and cond~nsation
. 15 polymers of alpha-hydroxy acids or polyzc~tals.
The hydrophobic groups of the polymer are preferably
selected from saturated and unsaturated alkyl chains,
e.g. having from 5 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably from 6
to 18, most preferred from 8 to 16 carbon atoms, and are
optionally bonded to the adjacent hydrophilic groups via
an alkoxylene or polyoxyalkylene linkage, ror example a
polypropoxy or butyloxy linkage having from 1 to 50
alkoxylene groups. Other suitable hydrophobic groups are
polyoxyalkylene groups comprising from 4 to 50 propylene
oxide and/or butylene oxide grouDs.
The hydrophilic groups may be linXed to the hydrophobic
: groups by any possible chemical link, although the~
~following types of linkages are preferred: -C-O-, -CO-O-
or -o-.
.' ~
~ 35
:~ :
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WO91/06622 P~T/EP90/01679
In ~pecific the following types of polymers are
:~ preferred:
, `I
~ Rl__~2. -OCH2CH ~ 3
;~ 5
r
, (II) Rl--R2t-oc~2cHcH2~ 3--~l
g ~,
~, 10 ~ ~ )
.~j
(III) ~ R~{-O--I--C--Cl--LO--~--~_l- O__~l
.
(IV) Rl__R2 -O--~H- _~3_ R
S-IC-S
S-~-S
H x
wherein:
Rl represents a C6_24 alkyl or alkenyl group and/or from
z5 4 to 50 propylene oxide or buthylene oxide;
R2 represents -CO- or is absent
R3 represents -CO-O- or -O-
A is -H, or -CO-CH2-C(OH)CO2Al-CH2-CO2Al,
or may be a branching point whereto 0th2r poly glycerol
molecules are attached
: 35 Al is independently selected from ~ydrog2n,
alkalimètals, alkaline earth metals, iammonium and amine
bases and Cl_4 alkyl or alkenyl groups.
.' .
-,~ . . . .
.. .
.. . .
: -, - : ~ -
.
WO91/06622 ~ 3 PCT/EP90/01679
~i S is sel2ct~d from -H,-COOA1, -CH(COOA1)2, -(CHOOA1)2H
:~
ana y a~ from ~ to 1,000, pref~orably from 6 to 250.
;~` 5
Prefera~ly compositions according to the present
inven~ion havP a pH of loss than 12.5, more prererred
less than 11.~. ~ost preferred from 7.0 to 10.5.
- ~0 Fo~ _he ol~ners of fo~mula (I3IV) and their salts, it~`~ is proIerrod ~o have a weight average molecular weight
in the r2gion of rrom 500 to 500,000, most preferably
from 1,OoO to 250,000, especially rrom 2,000 to 30,000,
when measured by GPC using polyacrylate standards or by
S.V. measurements. For the purposes of this de~inition,
the molecular weights of the standards are measured by
the absoluté intrinsic viscosity method described by
Noda, Tsoge and Nagasawa in Journal of Physical
Chemistry, Volume 74, (1970), pages 710-719.
The polymers for use in compositions of the present
invention may be prepared in analogy of conventional
polymerisation methods, eg condensation reactions.
Those skilled in the art will be capa~le of adapting
khese methods for preparing other polymers for use in
the present invention.
Generally, the deflocculating polymer will be used at
from 0.01% to 5.0% by weight of the composition, mcst
; 30 preferably from 0.1~ to 2.0%.
.~
Although it is possible to form lamellar dispersions
of surfactant in water alone, in many cases it is
preferred for the aqueous continuous phase to contain
; 35 dissolved electrolyte. As used herein, the term
electrolyte means any ionic water-soluble material.
~; However, in lamellar dispersions, not all the
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WO91/06622 PCT/EP90/01679
~" ' 9
electrolyte is necessarily dissolved but may be
suspend~d as particles of solid because the total
electrolyte ~oncentration of the liquid is higher than
~; the so~ lit~t limit of the electrolyte. ~ixturas of
electrolytes also may be used, with one or more of the
~ electrolvt~s b ing in the dissolved aqueous phase and
-~ one or mors ~eing substantially only in the suspended
- solid phase. ~o or more electrolytes may also be
dlstributed approximately proportionally, between these
tT~o phases. Tn Part, ~his may depend on processing, e.g.
the order of addition of components. On the other hand,
the -~erm ~salts ! includes all organic and inorganic
materials s~hich may ~e included, other ~han surfactants
and wa~er, whether or not they are ionic, and this term
encompasses thP sub-set of the electrolytes (water-
soluble materials).
The only restriction on the total amount of detergent-
active material and electrolyte (if any) is that in the
compositions of the invention, together they must result
in formation of an aqueous lamellar dispersion.
Prefera~ly the level of electrolyte is more than 1%,
more preferred more than 2%, especially preferred from
5-40% by weight of the composition. Thus, within the
ambit of the present invention, a very wide variation in
surfactant types and levels is possi~le. The selection
of surfactant types and their proportions, in order to
obtain a stable liquid with the required structure~will
be fuIly within the capability of those skilled in the
art. Ho~eYer, it can be mentioned that an important
sub-class of useful compositions is those where the
detergcnt-active material comprises blends of different
surfactant cypes. Typical blends useful for fabric
washing compositions include those wher2 the primary
surfactant(s) comprise nonionic and~or a non-alkoxylated
anionic and/or an alkoxylated anionic surfactant.
.
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W091/06622 'J ~ ~ PCT/EP90/01679
;
In many (but not all) cas2s, rh~ total det~rsent-
active material may be pr~s2nt ~7t from ~- to ~0% '~y
weigh-t oF the total com~ositlon ~ am,l ' ' - 5m ~~
:
40% and typically ~rom 10% ~o 3C ~y -;;eiv,h~. X0~2~r,
one prererred class Oæ compos7~ ions co~?.ri3~s ac 12ast
:~ 20%, most prefera~ly ac least .~ , and es?2clally at
least 30% of detergent-acti~te mac~ri~l `vas2d on -cne
weight or t'n~ to~al co~positlon.
In the case of blends 3f SuiL .act.nts, h~ prccise
proportions o. each comonent whi C. ~ ^25'11 t in gUCh
stability and viscosity -.~111 dav2nc. o..~ tyv2~s~ and
amount(s) of the el~ctrolytes, as is the case ~ith
;~ 15 conventional structurPd liquids.
In the widest definition the detergent-active material
in general, may comprise one or more surfactants, and
may be selected from anionic, cationic, nonionic,
zwitterionic and amphoteric species, and (provided
mutually compatible) mixtures thereof. For example, they
may be chosen from any of the classes, sub-classes and
specific materials described in 'Sur~ace Ac~ive Agents'
Vol.I, by Schwartz & Perry, Interscience 1949 and
'Surface Active Agents' Vol.II by Schwartz, Perry ~&
Berch (Interscience 1958), in the current edition of
"McCutcheon's Emulsifiers & Detergents" published by the
McCutcheon division of Manufacturing Confectioners
Company or in 'Tensid-Taschenbuch', ~. ,tache, 2nd Edn.,
Carl Hanser Verlag, ~unchen & Wien, 1981.
. . .~
.:
:; Suitable nonionic surfact~nts include, n particular,
the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic
group and a reacti~e hydrogPn atom, .or -2xampl2
~; 35 aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or al~yl phenols with
alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide, either alone
~: or with propylene oxide. Specific nonionic detergent
~,
:
:~ ' , -
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WO91/06622 PCT/EP90/0167
; ~ compounds are al~yl (C6-C18) primary or secondary linear
~ or branched alcohols with ~thylone o~ide, and products
`:; made by condensation o~ ethyl.one o~cid2 with the reaction
products of p.ropylone o~'d~ 2nd e~n~,71 ~n~liamino. Other
so-called nonionic det2rgent compounds include long
chain tertiary ~mine oxid~s, long-cilaill certiary
phosphine oxides and dlal'{~l sulpnoxld3s.
Sultable anionic surractants a.e usually ,7a'~er-
soluble alXal~ me~al sa~rs or orga.nic sulphaLes and
- sulphonates having alkyl radicals con~_aining from about
8 to about 2~ car~on a'toms, ~'~2 t '~ al~yl being used to
include the al',~yl portion or ~igi~er aoyi .adicai3.
Examples of suitable synthetic anionic detergent
compounds are sodium and potassium alXyl sulphates,
espeoially those obtained by sulphating higher (C8-C18)
alcohols produced, for example, from tallow-or-coconut
oil, sodium and potassium alkyl ~Cg-C20) benzene
sulphonates, particularIy sodium linear secondary alkyl.
tClo-cls) benzene sulphonates; sodium alkyl glyceryl
ether sulphates, especially those ethers of the higher
alcohols derived from tallow or coconut oil and -
synthetic alcohols derived from petroleum; sodium
coconut oil fatty monoglyceride sulphates and
sulphonates; sodium and potassium salts of sulphuric
acid esters of higher ~C8-C18) fatty alcohol-alkylene
oxide, particularly ethylene oxids, reaction products;
:` the reaction products of fatty acids such as coconut
; fatty acids esterified wi~h isethionic acid and
neutralized with sodium hydroxide; sodium and
potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyl taurine;
alkane monosulphonates such as those derived by reacting
alpha-olefins (C8-20) with sodium bisulphite and those
derived from reacting pararfins wi-th SO2 and C12 and
then hydrolyzing with a base to produce a random
sulponate; and olefin sulphonates, which term is usèd to
descri~e the material made ~y reacting oleflns,
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WO91/06622 PCT/EP90/01679
particularly Clo-C20 alpha-olefins, with S03 and then
neutralizing and hydrolyzing the reaction product. The
preferred anionic detergent compounds are sodium
(Cll-C~5) all{yl ~enzene sulphonates and sodium (C15-
Cl8) alkyl sulphates.
,
SuitablP surractants also include stabilisingsurfactants pre~erably having a salting out resistance -
as defined in our copending ~uropean patent application
~P 328 177- of more than 6.4. some preferred classes of
stabilising surfactants are : alkyl amine oxides; alXyl
polyalkoxylated carbo~y~ates; alkyl polyalXo~ylated
phosphat2s; alXyl polyalXoxylat2d sulpnosuccinates;
dialkyl diphenyloxide disulphonates; and alkyl
polysaccharides (sometimes called alkyl polyglucosides
or polyglycosides); selected as those which have a
æalting out-resistance of at least 6.4.
A wide variety of such stabilising surfactants is
known in the art, for example the alkyl polysaccharides
described in European patent specification nos.
EP-A-70 074; 70 075; 70 076; 70 077; 75 994; 75 995;
75 996 and 92 355. The use of these materials is
especially preferred for environmental reasons.
It is also possible, and sometimes preferred, to
include an alkali metal soap of a mono- or di-
carboxylic acid, especially a soap of an acid having
from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example oleic acid,
ricinoleic acid, and fatty acids derived from castor
oil, rapeseed oil, groundnut oil, coconut oil,
palmkernel oil or mixtures thereof. The sodium or
potassium soaps of these acids can be used.
~5 Some or all of the electrolyte, or any substantially
water-insoluble salt which may be present in
- ;ositions of the invention, may have detergency
,,
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; :
: : -
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W091/06622 ~J~ ~3 9 ?~ PCT/EP90/01679
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13
builder properties. In any event, it is preferred that
compositions according to the present invention include
d~terg~ncy builder material, some or all of which may be
electrolYte. The builder material is any capable of
reducing the level of free calcium ions in the wash
li~uor and T~ill preferably provide the composition with
other ~eneficial properties such as the generation of an
alkaline p~, the suspension of soil removed from the
fa~ric and the dispersion o~ the fabric softening clay
mat2rial
~xamplss o~ phosphorous-containing inorganic
detergency buiIders, when present, include th2
water-soluble salts, especially alkali metal
pyrophosphates, orthophosphates, polyphosphates and
phosphonates. Specific examples of inorganic phosphate
builders include sodium and potassium tripolyphosphates,
phosphates and hexametaphosphates. Phosphonate
sequestrant builders may also be used.
Examples of non-phosphorus-containing inorganic
detergency builders, when present, include water-soluble
alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, silicates and
crystalline and amorphous aluminosilicates. Specific
examples include sodium carbonate (with or without
calcite seeds), potassium carbonate, sodium and
potassium bicarbonates, silicates and zeolites.
: .
In the context of inorganic builders, we prefer to
include electrolytes which promote the solubility of
~ ; other electrolytes, for example use of potassium salts
- to promote the solubility of sodium salts~ Thereby, the
amount of dissolved electrolyte can be increased
considerably (crystal dissolution) as described in UR
patent specification GB 1 302 543.
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WO91/06622 ~ J ~ ~ PCT/EP90/01679
14
Examples of organic detergency builders, when present,
include the al~aline me-tal, a~moniu~ and substituted
ammonium polyacotatos, carbQxyla!es, polycar~o~l7lat2s,
polyacotyl ~ o~ ~s ~ s~1~:~o~2~s.
Speci~ic examples include sodium, pocassium, lithium,
ammonium and subs4itut2d ammonium ,al4s of
ethylenediaminetet-~acetlc acid, ~ar~ratQ mono
succinat~, tartrato di suc~inate, c~oS~ nitrlLicriacetic
acid, oxydisuccinjc acid/ melitic acid, benzon~
polycarboxyllc acids and c~t ic ~cid~
` In the contoxt of organic bul.'d er 3, i t iS al30
desirable to incorporato ~ol~rs ~Aich are only ~artly
dissolved in the aqu~ous con~inuous phase as described
in our ~ patent application ~ 871~215 (cor-~sponding
to EP 301 882). This allows a viscosity~reduction (owing
to the polymer which is dissolved) whilst incorporating
a sufficiently high amount to achieve a secondary
benefit, especially building, because the part which is
not dissolved does not bring about the instability that
would occur if substantially all were dissolved.
., .
, .
Also other pol~mers may be incorporated in compositions
of the present invention, particularly advantageous the
use of polymers as described in EP 301 883.
..,
Although it is possible to incorporate minor amounts
of hydrotropes such as lower alcohols-(e.g. ethanol) or
al~anolamines (e.g. triethanolamine), in order to ensure
integrity of the lamellar dispersion we prefer that the
compositions of the present invention are substantially
~ free from hydrotropes. By hydrotrope is meant any water
;; soluble agent which tends to enhance the solubility of
surfactants in aqueous solution.
Apart from the ingredients already mentioned, a number
of optional ingredients may also be present, for
:
~.
, ~ ' ' ' :
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,~, . ,
S;~ ) f3
WO91/06622 PCT/EP90/01679 ,y
example lather boosters such as al~anolamides,
particularly the monoethanolamides dQrlved rrom palm
kernel fatty acids and ~oconut Fa~,~y acids, fabric
softeners such as clays, amine~ r7rr~ ?mine oxides, lather
depressants, o~ygen-releasing bleaching agents such as
sodium per~oratQ and sodium pe-cal~onaze, ~eracid bleach
precursors, chlorin2- 21s2sing blr~a~hlng ag~nts such as
trichloroisocyanuric acid, lno~ ganic salts such as
sodium sulphate, and, usuall~-presenc in very minor
amounts, fluo e55Qnt a~9~s, per~ eg~ enzymes such as
proteases, amylases and li pases ! includ1ng Lipolase
(Trade ~ark) æ~c ~OVO), germicldces and colourants.
.
Amongst these optional ingr~dients, as mentioned
previously, are agents ~o which lamallar dispersions
without deflocculating polymer are highly stability-
sensitive and by virtue of the present invention, can be
incorporated in higher, more useful amounts. These
agents cause a problem because they tend to promote
flocculation of the lamellar droplets. Examples of such
agents are fluorescers like Blankophor RKH, Tinopal
LMS, and ~inopal ~MS-X and Blankophor BBM as well as
metal chelating agents, especially of the phosphonate
type, for example the Dequest range sold by Monsanto.
Compositions of the invention may be prepared in analogy
to conventional methods ~or the preparation of liquid
detergent compositions. A preferred method of preparing
compositions of the present invention involves the~
addition of the water-soluble electrolyte -if any- to
water, followed by the addition of any water-insoluble
material such as aluminosilicat2s, followed by the
:. .
polymer ingredients and finally the surfactant
ingredients. Another prererred method o F preparing a
composition of the present invencion involves the
addition of the surfactant ingredients to water at
ambient temperaturo, followed by the addition of the
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WO91/06622 PCT/EP90/01679 :
16
- pol~mer inyredients, and the cooling of the mixture to
below 30 c, wharea~ter the remaining ingredients arP
added. ~inally, if necessary, the pH of the composition
may be adjus~2d, 2.g. by the addition of small
quantitias of caustic materials.
The inv~ntion will now be illustrated ~y ~ay of the
following Examples. In all Examples, unless stated to
the cont;^ary, all percentages are by weight.
A. Base formulations
Table l
Composition of basic formulation i.e without
deflocculating polymers.
Inqredient : Basic formulation
l 2
Na Dobs 26.1 26.3
Synperonic A7 lO.5 lO.6
Na citrate lO.9 8.8
water 52.5 54.3
; polymer weights additional to basic
formulation
Raw material Specification
Na Dobs Na Dodecyl Benzene sulphonate
Synperonic A7 . C12_15 ethoxylated alcohol, 7EO,
ex ICI.
`',' ' .
.
. .
~ , .
. .:.
.... .
,
.
WO9l/06622 ~ PCT/EP90/01679
17
EXAMPLES 1-5
Basic Polymer Product
EX~MPLE com~osition Tv~e x ~ stabilitY visc *
Reference 2 -- -- -- unstable 1600
1 2 I1) 7 1.0 stable 1440
: 2 2 I1) 7 Z.0 stable 1230
3 2 I1) 14 0.5 stable 1470
4 2 I1) 14 1.0 stable 1160
2 I1) 23 1.0 stable 1110
) polymers of formula I as described above, ~herein
is -C11H23, ~2 is -CO- and R3 is -CO-O-.
*) ~iscosity in mPas at 21 s-1.
: 15
EXAMPLE 6
Basic Polymer Product
EXAMPLE ComDosition TyPe x % stability visc *
Reference 1 -- -- -- unstable 1380
6 1~ II1) 25 2.0 stable 520
1) polymers of formula II as described above, wherein
. is -Cl1H23, R2 is -C0- ,R3 is -O-, A is -H and the
poiyglycerol is branched.
*~ Yisco~.3ity in mPas at 21 s-l.
~ .
:'
:~ .
-
.~
:
., ~ ,
. . . - ", , . :
. , - . ,
. ~ :, ,
.
