Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
JIJL--30-~93 FRI 14:25 I~l:MOO~E RES CTR ~a . NY TEL No:7l6-7~3-~ b #09~1 FE~15
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~h- pr---nt lnvontlon rol~e~ to a conductlve monocomponent
. ~-curlty ton-r wh~Ch ~luor~cQ- u2ld~r UV or bl~k Llght ~he
ln~rontf.on ~u~ther r~l~t~ ~o an ion depo~ition ~ype ~
-curity ton-r ~or u~e in non~ ce prlnti~ wh~h fluor-~co~ or
b-co~oc ~i-ible undor W , bl~ck llght or o~er slectro~agn-tlc
on~y, L . e . th- non~ lbl~ ctrum .
, j ~u~a ,
l~onocomponont toner~ aro toner~ ln which ~ qn~tlc~lly
'ct~-oeabl~ m~t-rl-l L- con~aln-d wlthln th- ton~r p~rt~cle~.
~hue~ onocD~npon-nc tone~ do-- nc~t r-quir~ ~ m~gnetlc curri~r
m~t~ri~l aa doea A du~l componcnt toner ~y~t~ whlc~ uae~ non
.. 5 . magn-tic ton~ ticlo~.
A varl-ty of pr$or a~t ton-r ~y~t-m~ ~mploy ~luoro~eent
~at-rl~le. The u.-c ~or th~ ~luorew~nt m-t-ri~l~ v~ry wldely
oo- tno manner ln whlch ~he fluorecc~nt m~terial L~ lnclud~d
~; Wlt m n th- tonor ~y~t-~.
; O I~ ~ochnlc~ clo~ur~ ~ullat~n ~ol. 21~ No. 4~ Soptemb~r
19~8 do~cr~be~ ~ ton~r ~or U~o ln l~ontl~ylng th~ copy m~ch~n-
~om WhlCh ~ copy w~ ~rod~cod or ~0~ bli~hlng th~t
p~rtlcul~r tocum~nt l- not ~n orl~inal. ~- toner of tho I3
D~olo-ur- la ~or ~ copy ~chln- and 1- thuJ ~ dual co~on-nt
ton~r. ~h~ ~agn-tic c~r~1~r m~t-rl~l remaln~ wi~hln th~
o~. ~o ~-
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- L de~relo~ nt ~et~on ~nd 1~ u~-d to triboelo~tr~c-lly chA~g~ tho
~cone~ co~n~on~nt to Drovide prlnt~n~.
A~ an ~lt~rnatlve to th-~ typ~ of to~or do~er~d ~bov~, U . S .
- ~t~nt ~o . 4, ~4 3 ~ 527 to Holkons ot al . de-crl~o~ a monocomponent
. ~ 5 ton-r wh~eh 1~ dyed to form ~ colorod toner cot~po~$tlon. Th~
toner particl~c comprl~e a s~agn~tically attractablo coro . A
- ru~king layex 1- then appll-d to e~ectilrely conc~l o~ m~k the
color of the m~ n-t~c core m~terial. ~ y~ a colorlng
~eor~l, includln~ ~ ~luorewont m~teri~ dded to cau~ t~e
O toner to ps~oduw ~n lma~e h~vlng B color ruch A~ r d, blue or
ow undar ~din~-ry d~yl~ht condi~on-.
Pln~lly, ~luor~cent n~t-r~nl~ havo b--n u~d ~n ton~r~ to
produc~ lnvi~ible ~m ~ whlch ~x- ~e~cectabl.e only und~r ~3v llght.
J~panoxo applicatlon D~o. 62-25a,72~ de~crlb~o ~uch ~ two c~nponont
.~ ton~r. wnon whit~ pa~r la u-~d, a whlt- ylgsn~nt ~nd whlt-
conduct~ ox ~re ~Fyliod to the tc~n-r compooitlon to ore~t~
~n lm~- wh~ch ~tcheo tho color of th~ p~p~r u--d. ~hi~ pro~e~
1~ ~loo dwcribod ~or y-llow ~p~.
Acaord~ngly, prlo~ art appllc~tiona o~ ~luor--cent m~t~rlal~
: ~ ~0 in ~l~a~ componont ~yat~m~ lnt-r~-rod wlth tho conduct~ve
prop-rt~oa ol the ton~r. ~hO ~ntroduction o~ ~ ~lu~s-~c~nt
;: compon-nt ~nto a du~l componont ~yct-m upset- th~ balaneo o~
charge th~t ox~to etw en th- two compor.onta, ~ivlng tha ~al~nce
toword o~ polaxlty ~nd mo.k~rlg tho ~onnatlo~ of cl~ar cr~p ln~gos
2~ dl~lc~llt .
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It 1- tnsr~oro an o~ect ~ tho pr-~nt inv4nt~0n to
~v~rc~m~ tha~ and ~t~ dl~lcul tl~ en~ount~rod ~n th~ prior
~rt .
Ano~h~r o~iact o~ tno pro~ont in~entlor~ to provide ~
nocQmpo~ t conductlve toner whlch f luoresce~ or b~come~ vl~lblo
u~on expo5~a tO W, black ~l~ht or othe~ electrom~gn~t~ c
rad~atLo}l ln tho non~ lblo a~oc~nlm.
A f u~hor o~ ct ~i~ th~ lnv~ntl on io to provldo a
3 m~no~om~on~nt conduc~ toner for uoe in non-imp-ct prlnting
Which SlUOXeBCe~ or ~c~o~ ri8ibl~ upon expo~ure to W, ~lack
llgh~ or oth-r oloct~oraAgnq~ c I~adla~ion in ~h- no~ le
4p~ctr~
~h-co and oth~r o~oct- h~v0 b~on ~chlev~d by the pre~-n~
invon~ion whlch rQ~ata~ ~co ~ conductlY~ monocompon~nt ton~r. A
f luoro~o~t p~ g~nt pel~t~ c~ mlxod lr. wl~l:h ~h- ~onocompon~nt
ton~ pa~t~cl- ~nd 4~tach~a to tho tClA~S` partlclo by coho~
~oXC--- . When th- tonor i~ ~g~d onto tho p~por it app~rt as
bl~ck lott~rlng ~nd h~- a normAl ~pp~rance. t~nd~r W l~ ~ht,
O blaok l~sht or Oth~ ctrorn~gnetic r~dL~tlon iln th~ non-vi~
~-ct~, th~ l~ttoring f luore~ce~ .
~n Gon~Lr~t to prlor ~rt dual ~omponent ~y~t~m~, th~ pr~nt
lnv~nt~on prov~ des ~ ~onocomponont ~onductl~re toner wher~ln ~
~: ~luor9~cont plç~nt i~ mlx-d t}~.er~wlth, attA~hlng to th~ toner
; ~ ~artlal9~ by coh~ive ~orco-. 'rhu~, th~ lnclu~ion o~ the
?~4H~ luo~ooc~nt ~t~r~l doe~ not lntor~r- wl~ch tho conduc~v-
~3u~ prop~r~lo~ o~ th~ to~er, ~herQ~y allowlng A ~loar cxl~p imag~ ~o
~r, ~ w.
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210~.8~7
n3423-46
be produced, which has the further advanta~e of fluorescinq under
UV or black light.
This is a particular advantage for MIDAX imaging because
other non-impact printing systems rely on triboelectrification of
the toner whose developing properties are adversely affected by
the addition of any external additive, such as fluorescent dyes.
Additional objects and advantages of the invention will
be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part
will be ohvious from the description, or may be learned by
practice of the invention. The ohjects and advantages of the
invention will be realized and attained by means of the elements
and combination particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present invention adds an important security feature
to a monocomponent, conductive toner by fluorescing or becoming
vislble under UV, black light or other electromagnetic radiation
in the non-visible spectrum, without altering the functionality of
the toner. Thus, any tampering or forgery can be easily detected
by exposing the document to UV or black light.
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5t-nd~lrd ~ ck NIDAX ton-r n~y incl~do po.~ticl~o having
m~gn tic~lly ~ttssctLva m~-rlal th~rs1n, ~ b~nder ~nd ~ nt.
'ron~ con~ld-rod contuctiv- ~f tho bulk r-~1otivity i~
th~n 101 ohsl~-c~. ~tand~rd bla~k ~I~AX tone~ lo ccnductL~
hav1ng a r-~L~tLvity of from ~bout I05 to ~bout lOg ohm-cm~
-~ A~llc~tion~ Sor th- pre~ont ln~rent~ on lnclude enh~nc-d
~-eurlty o~ documcnt~ u~ing Mll;~AX lnt~l~igent isa~gln~, among th~m
I~ICR (~gnot~c Ink Ch~r~ct-r R-cognitlon) ~nd OCR ~O~tic~l
cter ~ coslnitLon). ~hl- ~ype o~ ~cur'ty fo~ture d~d not
O h~-to~or xl~t w~th M~DAX Int~ gent 1~g$ng b~c~u~o ~nd~rd
XID~X tonor doo- not fluoro~c- und-r W 11~ht.
B~th MICR ~nd ~CR are onhanc~d ~y uoLng th~ MID~X tono~ of
th ~r--ont 1n~-ntlon. NLth tho tono~ ~ccordlng to the pr--ert
lnv~n~1on, iC would b- ~o~ble to d-tonn~n-, undos~ UV rndi~tion,
~tl-th-r cha~cter~ h~d b~-n ta~p~r-d ~lth or torg~d. In an
.' alt-rn~civo w.bodl~ncnt~ ~CR ~nd OC~ aro ~nh~ncod by printing with
th ton r of tho Lnv-ntlon on black p~p~r. Thu-, char~ct~r- which
~ould b~ lnvi-1~1- to th- hwman ~y- undor re~ul~ llght wo~ld b~
qul~ ~1vld and o~-y to read und-r W radl~t'on.
A,. ~O On ty~ o~ MSDAX tonor i- producod by Coato- ~nd 1~ ~
~ ~onoco~on-nt, m~gnot~c conductLvo ton-r. ~hi- ic in contra~t tO
nonconduc~ or photoco~duet$vo toner~, ~uch a~ dual compon~n-
ton ro, wh$ch roqul~- tribool-ctrlc ch~ . Conductlve ton-rJ
~r- ~on~r- whl~ cenduct ~loct~lc cha~- th~ough thelr ma~c du~ to
. ~5 tho conductlv~ty of thoir formul~ion (1.~., n~tura~ly ~ontuctlv-
~U'~NDU~ t-rl~lc ~h~t ~k~ up th~ ton-x~. ~hotoconductlve 'conor refor~
to tonor~ uuocl ~ n a print~ .ng pro~es~ whlch ~ photoconducto~ 1
T~r, ~ W.
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I u~-d to ~or~ th~ ctronlc ~m~q-. Gen-rally, ~hotoconductl~
~torl~ mat-rl~l th~t b-co~ conductiv~ on~e ~llumln~tod.
Onco th- illum~n~tLon co~e~, lt can no longor conduet
~ ctr~oLty. Dy contr~-t to th- pre~-nt ~nv-ntion,
; S photoconductlvo ton-r proc~ cond~ct oloctr~c ~h~rgo
t~ibo~l-ctrlcl~lly ~ L . o . by con~t-nt rubblng and mlxln~ ln th~
tor~-x hopp~ th- ton-r exhlblt~ conductlvlty on it~ ~ur~ac-~.
,~ onocompon-nt ton-r com~rl~ rtlcl-- h~lng
n~not~c~lly ~ttractab~ m~t~rl~l th~r~ln. ~hl~ m~gn~tlc~lly
0 attr~ct~lo m~te~al m~y bo ono lnglo m~gn-tlc~lly ~tt~a~t-bl-
p~rtlcle or a bind-x cont~$nlng m~gn~tlc~ly ~ttr~ctA~l-
~rt~clo~. ~b~ l~gn-tlc~lly ~ttr~ct~bl- p~rt~cl-- lncl~d~
~torl~l~ Xnown ~or u~e ln monocompon-nt ton-r~ or mlxtur-s
th-r-o~ lnc~udln~ lron, n~ckol, chrom~um dloxlde, m~gn~lt-,
. 5 ~-~mn-f-r~loxLd- and forrlt-~. The ma~n-tic~lly ~ttr~¢t~1e
pnrtlcle- ~r- profor~bly ~ron oxide, ~nd mor~ ~re~-r~bly
m~g~-tlte, and gon r~lly h~v- ~ ~rtLcl- lro so~ ~bo~t 0.0S
to abou~ S.O 1~ ~nd mor- p~r~lcul~rly ~rom ~out 0.1 ~. to
. ~bout 1 . O 1~ .
0 ~h- ~ndor m~y be ~el-ot~d from ~ny known oult~ blnd~r Sor
~. .
u-o ln ~onocomponone ton-r ~or~ul~tlon~. Sultabl- blndorY lncl-~to
poLy~tyr-no~ polyv~ nyl ~hlor~de, poly~cryl~t~- ar~d
polym th~cryl~t~ olyol-~n~, ethyl~n~ ~nyl ~ot~to, poly~ter
r-~lne~ poly~mld~ oxy r-~lnJ A~d mixtur-~ ther~of. The binder
pro~or~bly ~eL-cted from polyo~-fin~, ~thyl~n- ~lnyl ac~tate
,G~UU~ and poly-m~d~.
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JUL-~.0-'93 FRI 14:?9 ~3:1`100RE RES CTR G 7 N`( T-L N0 716-7~-c~16 ~:1390 P~9/15- - --
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. . q~ho tonor ~tlCl~ ~ro mix~d wLth a fluor~scer~t pigmcn~
~hlch ~tache- to th~ ton~er prticle~ by a cohe~ive ~orc-. Tho
~o~ul'cemt ton r ~ppoar- ~ black lcttering wh-n Lm g-d onto p~per
- ~nd vl~d ~nd-~ nort~l dayllght. Wh~n vl-~ed undor a W, bl~k
li~ht or othe~ ctrc)m~gnst~c r~dL~tlon ln eh- non-vi-iblo
p~ctru~, th- lote~ring iluor--c-~.
Fl~orl~w-nt plgm nt- ~o~ U8- ln the pre~ent lnv-ntion include
tho~- p~g~nt~ ~hlch ~11 att~th tO the toner parti~lo~ w~thout
Lntorferlng ~iSh th- conduct~v- pro~-rt~o- of th- toner roq~lr~d
3 ~o~ l~glng . 6u~Ltab~e 1 luor-~cent plgm~ne~ inelua- LUMOG~N YE~OW
8 079~ p~oduc-d ~y 8A~F, Holl~nd, MI. Ttll~ pig~ent ~Ixhiblc~
y ~ r -n ~luor--c-nco whon ~x,oo~d ta 7~V l~ght. Oth~r
plgm-nt~ can bo UB~d that ~xhlblt oth~r colo~- undor ~uit~ble
o~-ctroma~notlc r~dl~tlon havlng ~ w~o longth ln t~o non-vl-lbla
op~ctrum~ Cuch a~ ~lZAdln- pl~m-nt ~nd Plgm-nt Yollow 101 C.I.
8052.
Tho fluor-~cont pigmont 1~ ~lxcd wlth th- toner in an amount
ol Sro~ ~bout o.t p~rt- to about 10 ~art~ p-r 100 p~rt~ of ton-r.
Mor- pr-f-ra~ly, tho p$gm-nt 1~ ~ddod Ln an ~mount of from ~bou~
O.1 p~rtc to about S F~rtc p4r 100 partc oS toner. Mo~t
pr ~ornbly, t~o plgm nt i~ ~dd~d ln ~n amo~nt of f~m ~bout 0.9
- part- to ~out 2.~ p~r~ p ~ 100 part~ o~ tonor,
~IDAX pr~ntlng lc ~ hlgh ~p--d, non-im~ct p~lntln~ proce4s
wh-roby dry ~onocomponont ton-r 1- u~-d to d-velop ~n ~loct_lc
l~go. Th- Lma~ c~o~t-d on a dl-l-ctrlo dru~ whic~ rot~t-~
~ . :
~uYwHrnN~ towardJ tho develop~n~ ~t~t~on whex- tha ton~r 1~ k~pt to develop
~D~ th~ g~. The dev~loped l~age i~ ~hon tr~n~ixed to ~ 3u~trat~,
t~. DC 000-
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such as plain paper, or by pressure. The residual toner on the
drum is cleaned, and the process repeats with a ne~1 image.
The following examples are illustrative of the inventiGn
embodied herein.
EXAMPLE 1
fluorescerlt dye has been post added to a standard
MIDAX toner. To 250 grams of standard toner, 2.5 grams of a
fluorescent dye LUMOGEN YELLOW S 0790 from BA5F, Holland, MI was
blended for one minute in a high speed mixer. The mixer was a
type chemical hlender with a mixing propeller and a blender cup.
The mixing process was done in the dry state and took place in
small, short intervals so as not to heat up the toner and melt it.
Melting the toner and binding it to the pigment was undesirable
because then the solid mixing had to be crushed to powder again.
The mixing process s~arted with powder and ended with a powder
`- mix.
The fluorescent dye adhered to the toner particles by
cohesive forces. The res~llting toner was used to develop an image
on a MIDAX 300 printer and transferred to OCR #24 paper. The
samples were found to have the same image quality and optlcal
density as standard I~IIDAX and when viewed under UV light exhibited
a high degree of ~lellow--green fluorescence.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to
those ski]led in the art from consideration of the specification
and practice of the invention disclcsed herein. It is intended
that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary
only
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J~IL--30-'q3 FR~ 14:31a ID:~OOORE RES CTR G i N' TCL NO:716--73-2016 #1350 Fll/15-
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~th a true s~opa and ~ix~t o~ ~ha 1nv~nt1 on b~ing 1ndicatod ~y
th- ~ollowLrlg clalTsl~.
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