Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
21086~i9
Building
Specification
The invention relates to a building with floor areas that exhibit
store units or the like and that are connected at least in part,
among other things, by means of continuously rising ramps.
Buildings are usually connected by stairs and optionally also by
elevators and/or escalators. In particular in department stores
the escalators are especially used, because they provide the
possibility of obtaining an overview of the goods or services
offered on the next floor while travelling from one floor to the
next. In addition, the continuously travelling escalators have a
significantly higher carrying capacity than elevators.
There already exist department stores and shopping centers, in
which the store units or the like are directly connected to
continuously rising ramps, whereby additional store facilities or
the like are provided by including false floor~ or similar
mezzanines.
The property prices in the centers of large cities that are
rising immeasurably owing to the small supply hardly allow retail
businesses to settle in this region. Furthermore, the small areas
of land do not allow any continuous area plans for housing a
maximum number of stores or the like.
Therefore, the ob~ect of the invention is to provide a building
of the aforementioned kind, in which a maximum number of ctores
can be housed on a small area of land.
This problem is solved according to the invention by forming the
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building on pillars, to which girders with embedded sheets of
trapezoid corrugation are attached in such a manner that
adjoining girders exhibit a difference in height that is such
that at a given axial distance of the pillars a uniformly rising
ramp exhibits an increase of not significantly more than 6% and
that the ramp extends approximately spiral-shaped over the
essential height of the building. The store areas are organized
on planes that open up vertically in the axial dimension of the
pillars. All of these areas that can be used separately or
contiguously are connected by means of the ramp extending in the
shape of a spiral around an inner court. The store units or the
like that continuously adjoin the ramp extending through the
entire building are arranged, therefore, in the building like a
gallery in the shape of a spiral.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the ramp
exhibits at least region-by region a constant rise, in particular
of 6%. Thus, going through a building is made easier for the
visitor, a rise of 6% being a still defendable rise for
pedestrians.
In another embodiment of the inventive idea sections of the ramp
can also run horizontaily; it can be especially advantageous,
wherever other aisles of the building lead into the ramp.
When the building exhibits a low depth, it has proven
advantageous to arrange the pillars in such a manner that the
ramp surmounts half a storey height along the one side of the
building and covers the ~econd half of the storey height on the
other side of the building, i.e. one length of the ramp to and
one length of the ramp fro yields a surmounting of the height
corre8pondlng to the storey height.
8everal vertically offset floor levels formed by the trapezoid
sheets with a layer of concrete are formed, according to the
21086~
invention, on a storey height. Thus, a plurality of different
floor areas that are vertically staggered so as to rise from
pillar to pillar by an amount of 36 cm, for example, at a pillar
distance of 6 m.
A store unit or the like can be entered expediently at the
contact point from the ramp and respective floor level. In
another embodiment of the inventive idea the difference in height
between ramp and floor level can be compensated by compensating
elements, the compensating elements being advantageously
triangular and forming a continuous transition between ramp and
floor level. By means of these compensating elements it is
possible that a store can be entered over a larger region or also
over the entire width of the store front.
In the construction according to the invention maximum floor
utilization is obtained, if the ramp is arranged around an inner
court and the floor levels forming the store areas or the like
extend outwardly from the ramp.
Other features, advantages, and applications of the invention
follow from the following description of a preferred embodiment
and the drawings. All described and/or illustrated features form
by themselves or in any arbitrary combination the subject matter
of the invention, independently of their summary in the claims or
their references.
Figure 1 is a partial longitudinal view of a building according
to the invention.
Figure 2 i~ a ~chematic top view of a floor area of the building
according to the invention.
Figure 3 is partial view of a section of a ramp in the region of
a pillar in order to illustrate the transition from one floor
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level to the next and two corresponding floor levels that are
located one storey height above.
Figure 4 is a schematic, isometric drawing of a section of ramp
with adjoining store units or the like and compensating
triangles between ramp and respective floor level.
The building 1 shown in the Figures comprises in essence vertical
pillars 2, in particular composite steel pillars, with horizontal
girders 3, in particular composite steel girders, attached to
said pillars. Trapezoid sheets 4, in particular trapezoid steel
~heets, that form the respective floor levels 5 of the store
units or the like 6, are embedded into the girders 3 with a layer
of concrete.
In the present embodiment the pillars 2 exhibit an axial distance
of 6 m. A peripheral ramp 7 exhibits between two neighboring
pillars 2 a height change of 36 cm. At a system point 8 the ramp
7 intersects the respective floor levels 5. At these contact
points the store unit or the like 6 arranged on a floor level 5
can be entered from the spiral-shaped ramp 7.
As especially apparent from Figures 2 and 3, the ramp 7 exhibits
a contour that is closed in the top view. The girders 3 following
in succession in the circumferential direction of the ramp 7 are
vertically staggered in such a manner that the ramp 7 rises
continuously and the floor levels 5 branching off from the ramp 7
rise by steps. In the case of the spiral-shaped de8ign of the
ramp 7 the rise is chosen in such a manner that in covering a
distance along the ramp from one pillar 2 to the same pillar 2
precl-ely one complete storey height has been surmounted. If one
a~um-~ an axial d~stance of 6 m between the pillars 2 and a
h-lght change of 36 cm between two pillars 2 the result is a rise
of 6~, which can still be comfortably overcome by the
pede~trian~.
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To enter the store units or the like 6 not only at the sy~tem
point 8, i.e. the contact point of the ramp 7 and the respective
floor level 5, compensating elements 9 and 10, which produce a
continuous transition between the ramp 7 and the floor levels 5,
are provided to facilitate the process for the visitor. The
compensating elements can be both small 9 and large compensating
triangles 10. The large compensating triangle 10 extends
preferably up to the system point 8, so that the store unit or
the like 6 can be entered from the entire store front.
If the property on which the building according to the invention
i8 to be built comprises a small area of land, the ramp 7 can be
arranged in the building 1 in such a manner that one covers half
a storey height along one side of the building and the second
half of the storey height along the opposite side of the
building. On the front intermediate sections 11, 12 of the ramp 7
the ramp can run horizontally. Preferably aisles can lead away
from these intermediate sections 11, 12 of the ramp 7 to other
parts of the building or to the staircase and/or the elevators.
Larger store units that are not divided by stair steps or the
like can also be provided along this horizontal section of the
ramp.
The ramp 7 extends preferably from the ground floor 13 to the top
floor 14 of the building 1 with the result that one goes past all
of the store units or the like 6 that are in the building. Of
course, a visitor can also use the escalators lS and/or the
elevators in order to go specifically and thu~ rapidly to the
desired floor level S.
The ~pace enclosed by the ramp 7 can serve a~ the inner court 16
and accommodate, for example, the escalators 15 and/or the
elevators.
