Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
i
WO 94/15584 PCTISE94100010
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SOLUTION CONTAINING IGF-I
The present invention relates to a stable solution containing
Insulin-like Growth factor I (IGF-1 ) in a phosphate buffer in an
amount of 50 mmol or less, giving a pH of 5.5 to 6.5, which is
isotonic and suitable for injection.
Introduction
Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) is a peptide present in plasma
and other body fluids as well as many cells/tissues. It comprises
70 amino acids, including 3 disulphide bonds, and can stimulate
proliferation of a wide range of cell types and it mediates some of
the effects of growth hormone. Human IGF-I has been purified from
plasma and its complete amino acid sequence is established.
(Rinderknecht E et al. "The amino acid sequence of human insulin-
like growth factor I and its structural homology with proinsulin" J.
Biol. Chem 253; 2769-76, 1978) Sequences with extensive
homologies to human IGF-I are present in IGF-I purified from
plasma of other species.
It has both systemic and local effects and appears mostly
associated with different specific binding proteins, four of which
have been sequenced and are termed IGFBP1, IGFBP2, IGFBP3 and
IGFBP4. These appear to modulate the biological functions and
availability of IGF-I in both a positive and negative manner.
Analogues with changed affinities for the binding proteins have
been produced and changes of biological activities related to
sequence variation have been found. IGF-I appears to act mainly by
interactions with the IGF-type 1 receptor exposed on the outer
3 S surface of plasma membranes in many different cell types.
However, binding to IGF type 2- and insulin receptors also seems to
be of importance.
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Because of the scarcity of purified plasma IGF-I there was a great
necessity to develop methodology for the commercial scale production
of IGF-I. Nowdays, such large scale production can readily be achieved
by using recombinant DNA techniques.
As a result of studies with preparations of recombinant DNA IGF-I it has
been demonstrated that it promotes skeletal growth and skeletal muscle
protein synthesis. IGF-!'has been shown to act both as an endocrine
factor as well as a paracrine/autocrine factor. (Skottner et al,
Endocrinology, Vol. 124, No 5, 1989 and Cook et al, J Clin Invest 81;
206-212; 1988)
Moreover, IGF-I is also effective for the treatment or prevention of
catabolic states in patients (WO 9203154)
and improves the regeneration of transacted
peripheral nerves (EP 0 308 386).
I5 ft has previously been demonstrated in vitro that IGF-I also can
promote actin synthesis in myocytes in culture (Florini, J R, Muscle
and Nerve 10 ( 1987) 577-598 and contractility of neonatal rat
cardiocytes in vitro (Vetter, U et al., Basic Res. Cardiol. 83
( 1 988)647-654).
The stability of proteins is generally a problem in the pharmaceutical
industry.
A formulation with a low amount of protein will generally lose activity
during purification, sterile manufacturing, storage and during the
administration.
It has often been solved by drying of the protein in different drying
processes, such as freeze-drying. The protein has thereafter been
distributed and stored in dried form. The patient necessarily has to
reconstitute the dried protein in a solvent before use, which of course
is a disadvantage and is an inconvenience for the patient.
For a patient, who needs daily injections of IGF-l, and especially when
the patient is a child, it is of importance that the product is easy to
handle, to dose and inject. The reconstitution of a freeze-dried product
demands prudence and carefulness and should therefore preferably be
3 S avoided.
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The freeze-drying process is also a costly and time consuming process
step, and it would be of great advantage if this step could be avoided,
when preparing a commercial product of a protein.
Another possibility is to add human albumin, which generally reduces
the activity loss of the active protein considerably. If the protein is
freeze-dried, human albumin functions as a general stabilizer during
the purification, sterile manufacture and freeze-drying. it is, however,
not desirable to add any substance derived from blood, because of a risk
of virus contamination of plasma, unless it is absolutely necessary.
It would facilitate the use of a pharmaceutical protein if it can be
produced and distributed as a stable solution with a prolonged storage
life to the patient, who could inject the medicament directly without
reconstitution.
Several solutions have been proposed for the stabilization of different
proteins:
EP 35 204 (Cutter) discloses a method for imparting thermal stability
to a protein composition in the presence of a polyol.
EP 381 345 (Corint) discloses an aqueous liquid of a peptide,
desmopressin, in the presence of carboxymethylcellulose.
In WO 89/09614 (Genentech), a stabilized formulation of human growth
hormone containing glycine, mannitol, optionally a non-ionic surfactant
and a buffer at pH 4-8 is disclosed. The non-ionic surfactant is added
for reduced aggregation and denaturation. The formulation has an
increased stability in lyophilized form and as a solution obtained after
reconstitution.
EP 303 746 (International Minerals and Chemical corporation)
discloses growth hormone (GH) stabilized in aqueous environment by
mixing the growth hormone with polyol, amino acid, polymer of amino
acid or choline derivative.
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US 4 165 370 (Coval) discloses a gamma globulin solution and a process
for the preparation thereof. The solutions contains polyethylene glycol
(PEG).
In EP 77 870 (Green Cross) the addition of amino acids, monosaccarides,
oligosaccarides or sugar afcohols or hydrocarbon carboxylic acid to
improve stability of a solution containing factor VIII is disclosed.
EP 440 989 (FUJISAWA) discloses a method for preparing a dried
composition of IGF-f, which comprises drying a solution containing
IGF-I together with a strong acid.
IGF-I in a citrate buffer at pH 6 is known from W~ 91 /18621,
Genentech. Nothing is mentioned regarding stability of IGF-I.
Proteins are different with regard to physiological properties. When
preparing a pharmaceutical preparation which should be physiologically
acceptable, and stable for a long time, consideration can not only be
taken to the physiological properties of the protein but also other
aspects must be considered such as the industrial manufacture, easy
handling for the patient and safety for the patient. The results of these
aspects are not predictable when testing different formulations and
each protein has often a unique solution regarding stability.
It would facilitate the use of IGF-I if the protein could be produced and
distributed as a solution to the patient, who could inject the
medicament directly without reconstitution. The solution must be
stable for at least two years and it would be advantageous if the final
pharmaceutical solution only contained a minimum of additives, such as
sugars, tensides etc.
For solutions intended for subcutaneous injection, pain can be a
problem, especially if the pH of the solution deviates from the
physiological pH. For stability reason of the active substance it can still
be necessary to choose a pH deviating from the physiological pH. For
such solution, a mean to overcome the pain upon injection would be most
WO 94/15584 ~ ~ ~ PCTISE94100010
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important, especially of the drug is to be injected regularly for many
years, e.g. IGF-I.
pH is of importance and normally a pH 7 is chosen for solutions to
be injected, as this is the physiological pH. Subcutaneous
S injections of preparations with pH 6 often induce pain.
It is known (J.C. Fleishaker et al. J Clin Pharmacol 1993:33; 182-
190) that a saline solution give less pain that citrate buffer or a
citrate buffer containing a drug (here Tiraiazad Mesylate). t_.A.M.
Frenken et al. in BMJ Vol 303, 3 Aug; 1991, reported a study which
showed that EPO in a buffer of albumin and citrate, gave more pain
that EPO in phosphate buffer of the same pH.
The problem to find a stable solution for IGF-I which does not hurt
when injected has not until now been resolved.
It has now been found that the pain is significantly reduced when a
solution according to the invention is used.
It is in fact so, that the pain felt is the same as when an isotonic
aqueous sodium chloride solution is injected subcutaneously.
We have thus found a new formulation which solves the above mentioned
problems.
We have found that the stability for IGF-I in solution is not so good
at pH 7 but that pH 6 gives a better stability. For storage at room
temperature, the choice of pH is more important than at S°C and pH
must be less than 7.
We have also found that he stability when using citrate or
phosphate as buffer is the same. Compare examples 5 and 6.
In our pain study (Example 10) is shown that pH 7 gives less pain
(as expected), but our stability studies show that the stability is
not good enough at pH 7. By using pH 6 and a low amount of buffer
(below 50 mmol) the pain is as low as when using pH 7.
This is a surprising finding.
As it is known that citrate buffer can give pain when injected, we
3 S have chosen phosphate as the preferred buffer and thereby found a
new composition which is stable at 5°C for 24 months and which
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does not give pain to the patient and which has a better stability
at 30°C than expected.
A stable solution of IGF-I, only containing a buffer and a salt for
providing isotonicity is not known and it must be regarded as
surprising, when studying the prior art, that such a solution is stable
for two years without any other additional components and also well
tolerated by the patient.
The following figures are annexed:
Fig. 1 a and 1 b. Percentage of remaining concentration of IGF-I at
different pH after storage at 5°C and 30°C,
respectively during 10 weeks storage. Ex 3
Fig 2a and 2b. Percentage of remaining concentration of IGF-I at
different pH after storage at 5°C and 30°C,
respectively during 5 months storage. Ex 4
The invention
The invention relates to a stable solution containing IGF-I or any
functional analogue thereof and a phosphate buffer in an amount of
50 mmof or less, giving a pH of 5.5 to 6.5 , preferably 5.7 - 6.2 in
an isotonic solution for injection.
The claimed solution in which the amount of phosphate buffer is 5-
20 mmol/L, preferably around 10 mmol/L gives a reduced pain upon
subcutaneous injection in comparison to a composition comprising
a higher amount of phosphate.
The claimed solution has a remaining activity of at least 90/0 of
its residual original value after +5~3°C storage for at least 24
months.
The solution could contain IGF-I, a buffer and an isotonic agent and
optionally a preservative. There is thus no need for other
stabilizing agents.
I
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The amount of the phosphate buffer is normally in an amount of
5-50 mmol/L, preferably 5-20 mmol/L and more preferably around
mmol/L.
The solution has preferably 10 mmol/L sodium phosphate buffer
5 and the pH is 5.7-6.2.
The solution should be isotonic, which could easily be made by any of
several excipients known for a person skilled in the art. E.g. NaCI, glycin,
mannitol, glycerol and/or other carbohydrates can be added.
Benzyl alcohol could be chosen as preservative.
The invention also relates to a process for preparation of the
formulation by mixing IGF-I or any functional analogue thereof with a
phosphate buffer substance providing a pH of 5.5 to 6.5 and an isotonic
agent and optionally a preservative. It also relates to a method for
treatment of a patient in need of IGF-I or any functional analogue
thereof by administering the claimed formulation.
By Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-I) is meant both naturally occurring
human and animal IGF-I and recombinant IGF-I (rIGF-I), such as rhIGF-I
(human), rbIGF-I (bovine) and rpIGF-I (porcine). By functional analogues
are meant compounds having the same therapeutic effect as IGF-I in
animals and humans.
The concentration of IGF-I is only dependent of its solubility in the
used buffer and the desired therapeutically amount for the given dose.
Preferably the concentration of IGF-I is 1-100 mg/ml and more
preferably 1-20 mg/ml.
The recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) used in the experiments was
produced in yeast. rhIGF-I was initially synthesised as a hybrid
protein fused to the yeast a -mating factor pre-pro leader peptide.
After expression the primary translation product was secreted out
of the cell. During this process the pre-pro-leader was cleaved off.
Correctly processed and secreted rhIGF-I could then be isolated
from the fermentation media in its native form.
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26468-84
The media with rhIGF-1 was then micro filtered and impurities
were removed by several chromatographic techniques known within
the field.
All buffer components used in the examples fulfil the re4uirements
prescribed in European Pharmacopeia 2~ Ed. Vol. VII 1.3, 1986.
In the examples 1, 2, S and 8 lyophilized tGF-! pools from the final
step in the purification process were dissolved in the formulation
buffer and chromatographed on a SephadeX~G-50 column.
In the examples 3 and 4 lyophilized IGF-I pools from the final step
in the purification process were dissolved in the formulation
1 S buffer.
In the examples 6, 7 and 9 solutions of IGF-I pools from the final
step in the purification process were ultrafiltered to obtain a
correct concentration and the correct buffer formulation.
The samples were stored at +S~3°C or +30~3°C.
The following analytical techniques were used in all examples:
Reversed Phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) The elution system is composed
of acetonitrile, water, phosphate buffer and propane suiphonic
acid sodium salt. Elution is accomplished by decreasing the
polarity of the mobile phase. UV detection at Z20 nm. Used for
measurement of concentration and purity of IGF-1.
SDS-PAGE. Protein preparations of IGF-I were denaturated by
sodium dodecyi sulphate (SDS) to yield negatively charged
complexes of protein-SDS. The samples were reduced with 2-
mercaptoethanol. Separation was obtained according to molecular
size by electrophoresis in polyacryiamide gels (PAG~) in the
presence of SDS. After electrophoresis the proteins in the gel were
fixed and stained with silver. The evaluation of the get was done
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semi-quantitively and qualitatively by comparing the samples with
standards and reference. Used for detection of IGF-I dimers,
polymers or fragments.
RRA. Radioreceptorassay is carried out essentially according to K
Hall et al, J. Clin. Endocrin. Metab. 39, 973-76 (1974). Crude
membrane fractions were prepared from human placenta.
Incubation is performed at +4°C. After incubation RRA buffer is
added to tubes which are centrifuged.
ZO All tubes are counted in a gamma counter. Bound/total
radioactivity is calculated, as well as bound/total bound
radioactivity. The standard curve is drawn and the concentration of
IGF-I in the unknown samples is calculated.
pH was carried out as prescribed in European Pnarmacopeia 2nd Ed.
Vol VII 1.3, 1986.
The reference samples formulations for examples 3 and 4 were
stored at -70°C and thawed when the analyses were performed.
Examc~le 1.
This example presents the results from a stability study of a
solution which has been stored at +S and +30°C.
Composition per mL:
IGF-I 1 mg
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate 5.25 mg
Disodium phosphate 0.89 mg
Sodium chloride 6.43 mg
Water for injection to make 1.0 ml
pH 5.9
This composition gives a concentration of 1 mg/mL tGF-I in SO
mmol/L sodium phosphate buffer, and a pti 6, with 10 mmol/L
3 S sodium chloride as tonicity adjuster.
4 mL of this solution was filled in a sterile 5 mL glass ampoule.
WO 94/15584 ~ ~ ~'~~ PCT/SE94/00010
All samples were stored protected from light and investigated
after 12, and 24 months at +5 +/-3°C and after 3, and 12 months at
+30 +/-3°C
5 RESULTS. The results after storage at +5 and +30°C are presented
in tables 1 a and 1 b respectively.
Table 1 a. 1 mg/ml IGF-I stored at +5°C
TIME RP-HPLC RP-HPLC RP-HPLC
10 months mg/ml % of orig. conc. purity
0 0.99 99.0
12 0.94 95 97.6
24 0.93 94 97.7
Table 1 b 1 mg/ml IGF-I stored at +30oC
TIME RP-HPLC RP-HPLC RP-HPLC
months mg/ml % of orig. conc. purity
0 0.99 99.0
3 0.85 86 88.5
12 0.68 69 72.4
RP-HPLC
After 24 months of storage at +5°C 94 ~o of the original
concentration remained.
At +30°C 86 % of IGF-I remained after 3 months.
CONCLUSION
This study shows that storage at +5°C for 24 months does not
largely influence the quality of the product.
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Example 2
S The purpose of this study was to compare the stability of IGF-I
formulated in an aqueous solution with 10 or 50 mmol/L phosphate
buffer, pH 6.
ComDOSition 2A:
1 mL contains:
IGF-I 2 mg
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate 5.25 mg
Disodium phosphate 0.89 mg
Sodium chloride 6.43 mg
Water for injection to make i .0 ml
pH 5.9
The concentration of the buffer is 50 mmol/L.
1 ml contains:
IGF-I 1.7 mg
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate 1.02 mg
Disodium phosphate 0.21 mg
Sodium chloride 8.48 mg
Water for injection to make 1.0 ml
pH 6.0
The concentration of the buffer is 10 mmol/L.
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RESULTS
The results of analysis of IGF-I in the formulation with 50 mmol/L -
phosphate buffer are presented in tables 2a-b and the results for
IGF-1 in 10 mmol/L phosphate in tables 2c-d.
Table 2a. Composition 2A stored at +5°C
TIME RP-HPLC RP-HPLC RP-HPLC
months m4/ml % of oric~. conc. purity
0 2.1 - 99.8
12 2.0 95 98.5
24 2.0 95 97.8
Table 2b Composition 2A stored at +30oC
TIME RP-HPLC RP-HPLC RP-HPLC
months mg/ml % of orig. conc. purity
0 2.1 99.8
3 1.8 86 88.0
9 1.4 67 73.5
Table 2c Composition ZB stored at +5C
TIME RP-HPLC RP-HPLC RP-HPLC
months mg/ml % of orig. conc. purity
0 1.7 99.6
12 1.7 100 98.2
3 5 24 1.7 100 97.7
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S
Table 2d Composition 2B stored at +30oC
TIME RP-HPLC RP-HPLC RP-HPLC
months mg/ml % of orig. conc. purity
0 1.7 99.6
3 1.5 88 87.7
9 1.2 71 73.9
From the data in the tables it can be noted that there were no
significant differences in stability of IGF-I in the two investigated
formulations.
Analysis by SDS-PAGE could not detect any differences in stability
between the two formulations.
25
The buffer capacity of a 10 mmol/L phosphate buffer has proven to
be sufficient, to maintain a stable pH of the formulation.
New clinical data has indicated that a phosphate buffer
concentration of 10 mmol/L would be tolerated better by patients
receiving subcutaneous injections.
CONCLUSION
The stability of IGF-I 2 mg/ml formulated in 10 mmol/L phosphate
buffer, pH 6, is the same as in 50 mmol/L phosphate buffer.
IGF-I 2 mg/ml formulated in 10 mmol/L phosphate buffer, pH 6,
was found to be stable for 24 months when stored at +5 + 3°C.
Exam I~e 3
The purpose of this experiment was to study the influence of pH on
the stability of IGF-I in simple buffer solutions. Pharmaceutical
use of IGF-I necessitates isotonic solutions, and sodium chloride
PCT/5~94/00010
WO 94/15584 f'
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was chosen as the tonicity agent. A wide pH range was chosen for
this experiment, partly to provoke changes at the extreme ends (pH
3 and 9) and partly to cover the pharmacological pH range, in this
case pH 5 and 7.
For comparison, IGF-I in the same buffer solutions but without
sodium chloride were included in this study. E - H are thus not
isotonic. The reason for this was to investigate if the sodium
chloride affected the stability of IGF-I.
EXPERIMENTAL METHOD
Solutions containing 750 Ng/ml of IGF-I were preparared in the
following buffers:
A: 50 mmol/L sodium citrate
95 mmol/L sodium chloride pH = 3
B: 50 mmol/L sodium acetate .
95 mmol/L sodium chloride pH = 5
C: 50 mmol/L sodium phosphate
95 mmol/L sodium chloride pH = 7
D: 50 mmol/L giycin
95 mmol/L sodium chloride pH = 9
E: 50 mmol/L sodium citrate pH = 3
F: 50 mmol/L sodium acetate pH = 5
G: 50 mmol/L sodium phosphate pH = 7
H: 50 mmol/L giycinE pH = 9
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Storage: 0 (initial samples), 3, 6 and 10 weeks (samples A-D) or 0
and 10 weeks (samples E-H).
S
Temperature: +5°C and +30°C.
RESULTS
10 RP-HPLC gave the results as given in Figures 1 a and 1 b. in which
the result for A, B, C and D at +5°C and +30°C are shown and
calculated as percentage. Similar results were obtained for
solutions E-H.
The concentration and RRA activity of IGF-I in the buffers with
15 sodium chloride at pH 3, S and 7 were stable up to 10 weeks at
+5°C. At +30°C, the concentration of IGF-I in glycine buffer (pH
= 9)
was not stable when analyzed after three weeks. At pH 3, 5 and 7
in the buffers with sodium chloride, the concentration and RRA
activity of IGF-I was slightly diminished when stored for 10 weeks
at +30°C. At pH 9, and stored for 10 weeks at +30°C, the IGF-I
concentration, receptor activity and immunological activity were
greatly reduced. The solutions without sodium chloride were
slightly less stable than their isotonic counterparts, according to
HPLC, and comparably stable according to RRA.
SDS-PAGE
Changes in the molecular size distribution occured when IGF-I in
buffers A and D (pH 3 and 9 respectively) were stored for 3 weeks
at +30°C but there were no changes in buffers B and C (pH S and 7
respectively).
CONCLUSION
The results of this experiment shows that IGF-I is more stable in
sodium acetate buffer, pH 5 and in sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7,
3 S than in sodium citrate buffer pH 3 or glycine buffer, pH 9. Also, the
results indicate that the presence of sodium chloride has a slightly
positive effect on the stability of IGF-I in these buffer solutions.
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Example 4
S According to the results of the study in example 3, IGF-I was more
stable at pH S and 7 than at pH 3 and 9. Because formulations with
a pH as (ow as pH 5 may cause discomfort when administered
subcutaneously or intramuscularly, a pH above 5 should be prefered
and the pH range chosen for this experiment was pH 6 to pH 7.5.
So~utions of sodium dihydrogen phosphate have buffering capacity
in this range and are suitable for parenteral injection when made
isotonic. For this reason, sodium phosphate, with addition of either
NaCI or glycerol to raise the tonicity, was the buffer used in this
study.
The purpose of this preformulation study was to determine if there
is an optimal pH for the formulation of IGF-I to make an
assessment of the stability of IGF-I in these solutions.
EXPERIMENTAL METHOD
Freeze dried IGF-I bulk was dissolved in each of five buffer
solutions to a concentration of about 1 mg IGF-I/ml. The buffer
solutions were prepared from sodium dihydrogen phosphate and
disodium phosphate proportionately to make 50 mmol/L, pH 6, 6.5, 7
and 7.5. Sodium chloride, 100 mmol/L was added to four of the
solutions (pH 6-7.5) as a tonicity agent to bring the osmolality to
about 290 mmol/L. For comparison glycerol, 200 mmol/L was added
instead of sodium chloride to a pH 7 solution. The individual buffer
compositions are listed in table 3. The volume of each solution was
125 ml. The five IGF-I solutions were each filtered through a
sterile Durapore~ filter (Millipore, 47 mm diam., 0.22 Nm pore size)
and dispensed using a peristaltic pump, (Schuco Peristaltic Filler,
Paxall Schubert Machinery Co. A/S) into sterile glass vials to a
volume of 1 ml/vial. The vials were stoppered with sterile rubber
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stoppers and sealed with metal caps. The filled vials were
subsequently stored and analyzed.
Table 3
Composition per vial and pH of each IGF-I
Solution: labelled DsQ 12 A B C D E
In
IGF-I (freeze-dried powder) 1 mg 1 mg 1 mg 1 mg 1 mg
1 S Disodium phosphate,
dodecahydrate 2.2 mg 5.6 mg 10.9 mg 15.0 mg 10.9 mg
Sodium dihydrogen
phosphate, monohydrate 6.0 mg 4.7 mg 0.3 mg 0.1 mg 0.3 mg
Sodium chloride
(solutions A-D) 5.8 mg 5.8 mg 5.8 mg 5.8 mg -
Glycerol - - - - 18.4 mg
2S
Water for injection to make 1 ml 1 ml 1 ml 1 ml 1 mi
pH: 6 6. S 7 7.5 7
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RESULTS
The results are shown in figures 2a and 2b giving percent of
reference value for IGF-I according to RP-HPLC.
According to the results, at +30°C, IGF-I in sodium phosphate
buffer
with NaCI is stable at pH 6 and somewhat less stable at pH 6.5 and
7, and much less stable at pH 7.5. Also, the addition of glycerol
instead of NaCI decreased the stability of IGF-I. .
CONCLUSION
In this experiment two conclusions can be made. Firstly, in the
range of pH 6 to pH 7.5, IGF-I in isotonic sodium phosphate buffer
(with NaCI as tonicity agent) is more stable the lower the pH. i.e.
stability decreases with higher pH. Secondly, IGF-I in this isotonic
sodium phosphate buffer with NaCI is stable for six months when
stored at +5°C.
Exam l
The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of IGF-I, 2
mg/mi in a citrate buffer with pH 6.
1 ml contains:
IGF-I 2 mg
Trisodium citrate, dihydrate 10.5 mg
Disodium citrate, 1 1 /2 hydrate 3.76 mg
Sodium chloride 4.97 mg
Water for injection to make 1.0 ml
pH 6.0
The concentration of the buffer is SO mmol/L
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RESULTS
Table 4 Stability data for IGF-I
Temperature Time RP-HPLC RP-HPLC
concentr purity
-~ months mg~/mL
+5 C 0 1.9 98.8
1.5 2.0 98.0
26 2.1 97.8
30 C 0 1.9 98.8
1.5 1.9 93.6
CONCLUSION
IGF-I formulated in a citrate buffer with pH 6 was found to be
stable for 26 months when stored at +5 °C.
Exam I
The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of IGF-I,
7 mg/ml in a 50 mmol/L phosphate buffer with pH 6.
1 ml contains:
IGF-I 7 mg
Monosodium phosphate, anhydrous 5.25 mg
Disodium phosphate, anhydrous 0.89 mg
Sodium chloride 6.43 mg
Water for injection to make 1.0 ml
pH 5.g
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RESULTS
Table 5 Stability data for IGF-I
5 Temperature Time RP-HPLC RP-HPLC RP-HPLC
concentr of orig conc purity
months ma/mL
5 0 7.0 99.1
12 7.3 100 98.2
10 18 7.2 100 97.4
0 7.0 99.1
3 6.2 89 94.0
15 CONCLUSION
IGF-I 7 mg/ml was found to be stable for 18 months at +5°C when
formulated in a 50 mmol/L phosphate buffer with pH 5.9.
20 Fxam~le 7
The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of IGF-I,
10 mg/ml in a 10 mmol/L phosphate buffer with pH 6.
1 mL contains:
IGF-I 10 mg
Monosodium phosphate, anhydrous 1.02 mg
Disodium phosphate, anhydrous 0.21 mg
Sodium chloride 8.48 mg
Water for injection to make 1.0 ml
pH 6.0
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RESULTS
Table 6 Stability data for IGF-I
Temperature Time RP-HPLC RP-HPLC RP-HPLC
% of purity
orig conc
months mg/mL % %
5 0 10.8 98.6
12 10.8 100 97.8
30 0 10.8 98.6
3 9.4 92 86.4
CONCLUSION
IGF-I 10 mg/ml was found to be stable for at least 12 months at
+5°C when formulated in a 10 mmol/L phosphate buffer with pH 6.
EXAMPLE 8
The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of IGF-I
1.4 mg/ml in a 50 mM phosphate buffer with pH 6.and benzyl
alcohol as preservative.
Formulation 8a.
Composition per ml:
IGF-I 1.4 mg
Monosodium phosphate 5.25 mg
Disodium phosphate 0.89 mg
Sodium chloride 6.43 mg
Benzyl alcohol 11 mg
Water for injection up to 1.0 ml
pH 5.9
A nonpreserved reference sample was also prepared, formulation
8b
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The cartridges were investigated after 23 months storage at +5
+/-3°C.
S
The results of analysis after storage are presented in table 7
Table 7. Z mg/ml IGF-I stored at +5°C for 23 months
SAMPLE RP-HPLC RP-HPLC
mg/ml purity
Preserved, 8a 1.4 98.2
Unpreserved, 8b 1.5 98.5
CONCLUSION
No significant differences in concentration or purity could be
detected after 23 months of storage at +5°C. Benzyl alcohol does
not effect the stability of IGF-I. Both formulations were stable
during the studied time.
EXAMPLE 9
The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of IGF-I
9 mg/ml in a 10 mmol/L phosphate buffer with pH 6 and benzyl
alcohol.
WO 94/15584 ~~ ej ~! ,, PCTISE94/00010
23
Composition per ml:
IGF-I 9 mg
Monosodium phosphate 1.02 mg
Disodium phosphate 0.21 mg
Sodium chloride , 8.48 mg
Benzylic alcohol 14 mg
Water for injection 1.0 ml
pH 6.0
The vials were stored and investigated after 6 months at +25 +/-
3°C and +5 +/-3°C.
The results are presented in tables 8a and 8b
Table 8a. 9 mg/ml IGF-I with benzyl alcohol stored at +5°C
TIME RP-HPLC RP-HPLC
months mg/ml purity °lo
0 8.9 98.4
6 8.8 98.0
Table 8b. 9 mg/ml IGF-I with benzyl alcohol stored at +25°C
TIME RP-HPLC RP-HPLC
months mg/mL purity %
0 8.9 98.4
6 6.8 95.8
WO 94115584 ~ ~ ~ v~ PCTISE94/00010
24
CONCLUSION
Only a small decrease in purity could be noticed after 6 months of
storage at +5°C. The formulation remained stable during the study.
Exams
The local tolerance at subcutaneous injection of 9 formulations, I-
X, was invesigated in 10 male subjects,
Ten injections were given on the lower arms to each subject. The
injections were given with an interval of 17 minutes/inj/subject.
The total dose of rIGHF-I was 3 mg divided into 3 injections with 1
mg IGF-(/injection.
All injections were given within 3.5 hours to each subject, with a
volume of 0.2 mf/injection.
A sodium chloride composition with physiological pH, composition
I, was used as a control.
The injection pain, assessed by the volunteers on a horizontal
visual analogue scale (V.A.S.) 0-100 mm, 30 seconds after each
injection ( 0 mm means no pain, 100 mm means severe pain.
Compositions used in this study in mg
Water for injection to 1 ml
I II III IV V
IGF-I - - - 5.00 -
Monosodium phosphate - 0.51 1.02 1.02 5.21
Disodium phosphate - 0.11 0.21 0.21 0.92
mmol/L phosphate - 5 10 10 50
Sodium chloride 9.0 8.3 8.48 8.48 6.3
pH 7 6 6 6 6
VI VII VIII IX
IGF-I 5.00 - - 5.00
Monosodium phosphate 5.21 0.54 2.70 2.70
Disodium phosphate 0.94 0.78 3.91 3.91 ,
mmol/L phosphate 50 10 50 50
Sodium chloride 6.38 8.37 6.38 6.38
pH 6 7 7 7
WO 94/15584 ~~~j' , PCTISE94I00010
When LSMEAN on V.A.S. mmol/L was calculated for each
composition the following result was obtained:
5 Table 9
Composition LSMEAN
VIII 6.5
I 7.2
IX 8.3
10 III 9.7
IV 12.2
II 15.1
VII 16.3
V 30.9
15 VI 38.4
CONCLUSIONS
Compositions III and IV cause considerably less pain than
compositions V and VI.
20 At pH 6, a decrease in buffer concentration, results in decreases
discomfort at injection and reduces the injection pain to a level
comparable to physiological sodium chloride solution.
This study shows that a decreased buffer concentration at pH 6 is
25 advantageous in order to achieve the best local tolerance on
injection of IGF-I.
