Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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SHUTTERING PANEL WITH EDGE STRUTS
MADE FROM A FLAT EXTRUDED SECTION
The invention relates to a shuttering panel having at its
edges struts which project approximately at right angles to
the shuttering lining and are formed by a flat extruded
section of aluminium, an aluminium alloy or of similar light
metal, wherein said edge struts have stop faces which run at
right angles to the shuttering lining and in the position of
use bear directly or indirectly against stop faces of edge
struts of neighbouring shuttering panels, and fasteners in
the form of clamps are applied to said edge struts at their
backs opposed to the stop faces and serve to fasten together
the contiguous edge struts, wherein the extruded sections
have cells or similar cavities which extend in the
longitudinal direction of the edge struts and are enclosed
all round by walls, and wherein for attaching a shuttering
lining the one edge of the edge strut has an angle space and
the edge which is parallel thereto and is remote from the
shuttering lining is embraced by the clamp in the position of
use, wherein the point for application of the clamp is a
groove or channel which extends at the back of the edge strut
and is arranged approximately midway between the edges of the
edge strut.
Such a shuttering panel is already known from the "ALU STAR"
brochure of MEVA GmbH, Technical Instructions, May 1992. The
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edge struts in the form of an extruded section are relatively
thick and therefore correspondingly large clamps have to be
applied to them. Further, due to the hollow cross section of
the extruded section, an additional strip running parallel to
the shuttering lining has to be formed for internal
stiffening and is situated in the area of the groove or
channel. The large cross section entails a corresponding
weight and above all correspondingly large clamps of
correspondingly heavy weight have to be used for connecting
such shuttering panels.
Form panels are also already known from practice in which the
edge struts are made of light metal and the cross section is
kept relatively shallow. In order that these edge struts also
known from practice have the required stiffness they are also
in the form of an extruded section with cavities. This known
extruded section has two back points for application of a
clamp, each situated near either edge of this extruded
section, namely on the one hand near the edge situated at the
shuttering lining and on the other hand near the edge remote
therefrom.
The points of application overlap the cavities situated in
the extruded section and therefore When the clamp exerts a
high force there is the danger of indentation of the light
metal hollow section of the edge strut. In order that this
danger is minimized, but without being able to eliminate it,
the clamp is applied to the edge strut right up to its area
directly at the back of the shuttering lining, so that the
3o fixation of the edge strut has to be located at the end edge
of the shuttering lining. Therefore care has to be taken that
fasteners traversing the edge strut in the area of the
shuttering lining do not make the stop face situated there
uneven and above all unretentive.
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The point, remote from the shuttering lining, at
which the clamp is applied is conical viewed in cross
section, giving rise to a certain centering effect, but at
the same time also to a force component transversely of the
wall situated there defining one of the cavities of the
extruded section. Hence deformation in this area as well
cannot be ruled out when high clamping forces are applied.
If such deformation of the extruded section in the area of
its walls defining the cavities is to be ruled out, the
forces emanating from the clamps either have to be limited
or the walls of the edge strut have to be made
correspondingly strong, again leading to an increased weight
of the shuttering panel.
In the case of the extruded section of relatively
wide cross section, a correspondingly wide seating surface
for the shuttering lining is formed. However the necessity
of correspondingly large clamps has to be conceded to. In
the case of the extruded section of shallow cross section,
only a very small seating surface is formed at the edge of
the edge strut proximate to the shuttering lining.
In both instances the fastener therefore has to be
introduced into the narrow edge of the shuttering lining, or
in the case of the wide extruded section the fastener has to
be introduced from the side of the shuttering lining facing
the concrete. This represents either a less stable fixation
or harm to the shuttering lining facing the concrete.
Embodiments of the invention therefore provide a
shuttering panel of the kind stated at the outset, wherein
the clamping forces can be introduced transversely of the
edge strut and outside the walls of the cavities, wherein
particularly it is also to be possible for the shuttering
panel to be coupled to edge struts of flat steel material,
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particularly to ones having a central bead, wherein the
fastening of the edge struts to the shuttering lining is
simultaneously improved, but nevertheless relatively small
clamps can be used.
Accordingly, in one aspect of the invention, there
is provided a shuttering panel having at its edges struts
which project approximately at right angles to the
shuttering lining and are formed by a flat extruded section
of light metal, wherein said edge struts have stop faces
which run at right angles to the shuttering lining and in
the position of use bear directly or indirectly against stop
faces of edge struts of neighbouring shuttering panels, and
fasteners in the form of clamps are applied to said edge
struts at their backs opposed to the stop faces and serve to
fasten together the contiguous edge struts, wherein the
extruded sections have cavities which extend in the
longitudinal direction of the edge struts and are enclosed
all round by walls, and wherein for attaching a shuttering
lining one edge of each edge strut has an angle space and a
free edge which is parallel thereto and is remote from the
shuttering lining is embraced by the clamp in the position
of use, wherein the point for application of the clamp is a
groove which extends at the back of the edge strut and is
arranged approximately midway between the edges of the edge
strut, the edge strut having a solid cross section in the
entire area of the groove, that on either side of the groove
cavities extend within the edge strut and that the angle
space, which receives the shuttering lining and is located
at the one edge of the edge strut which is proximate
thereto, has bearing against the back of the shuttering
lining an integral strip extended in cross section, which
integral strip is the continuation of a wall defining the
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cavity near the shuttering lining and serves as the
fastening flange for the shuttering lining.
Since the edge strut is a flat extruded section,
relatively small clamps are sufficient in order to be able
to grip the edge struts of adjacent shuttering panels. It
is also possible to attach shuttering panels having edge
struts of flat steel material, as are described in
DE-A-41 03 775.8. Hence a wide spectrum of applications
follows. It is advantageous that the clamp is applied to a
channel approximately in the centre of the edge strut in
order to be able to press the edge struts together.
Since a solid cross section is provided in this
area and the cavities are located on either side of this
area presenting the groove or channel, these cavities and
their walls are not acted upon by the clamp in the sense of
their being subject to indentation. Even if very high
forces are applied by the clamp, no deformation of the walls
defining the cavities is to be expected. Since the clamp is
applied in spaced
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relationship to the shuttering lining, there is also
sufficient space in the area of the shuttering lining for the
same to be fastened to the edge strut, for instance at the
back of the shuttering lining.
J
It is of considerable advantage that the angle space, which
receives the shuttering lining and is located at that edge of
the edge strut which is proximate thereto, has bearing
against the back of the shuttering lining an integral strip
extended in cross section, which strip is the continuation of
the wall defining the cavity near the shuttering lining and
serves as the fastening flange for the shuttering lining. The
wall which defines a cavity of the extruded section and
extends near and parallel to the shuttering lining and to
the area for concrete placement therefore does not have to
serve as an additional support of the clamp and to take up
the clamping forces, because the point for application of the
clamp is moved from this area further outwards. Therefore the
wall can have the flange-like continuation mentioned,
enabling a good seating for the back of the shuttering lining
and fixation there. Fasteners are then outside the areas
where edge struts of neighbouring shuttering panels contact
each other. In addition, the fastener does not have to be
introduced into the narrow side of the shuttering lining.
Rathermore the fastener provided with an appropriate cross
section can be applied transversely of the shuttering lining.
Hence an improved fixation of the shuttering lining ensues,
without detracting from the potential clamping force when
connecting edge struts of neighbouring shuttering panels.
In the area of the free edge of the edge strut, next to the
cavity arranged there, provision may be made for a portion
of solid material and a reduction of cross-sectional area and
the free edge may serve as a stop for a counter-stop on the
clamp. Therefore, particularly when a force component
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crosswise to the shuttering lining arises through the
clamping, the clamp can serve to align the two connected edge
struts which abut the counter-stop on the clamp and are hence
made to assume a uniform and corresponding position relative
to the clamp.
The edge strut may be of approximately the same thickness in
the area of its parallel cavities on either side of the
groove, and the cavities and the walls defining them may
preferably also be of approximately the same thickness. This
then results in a edge strut of largely uniform thickness,
interrupted only at the back by the groove or channel which
corresponds to the bead in a edge strut according to DE-41 03
775 and may also have its shape and effect. It is suitable if
this groove has inclined boundaries, whereby the angle of
inclination may be for example 45° in order to be able to co-
operate with a correspondingly inclined projection of a
clamp. This leads to the alignment already mentioned at the
counter-stop of the clamp.
The breadth of the cavities transversely of the plane formed
by the shuttering lining may also be approximately the same.
Then cavities on either side of the groove for application of
the clamp are produced which are of approximately the same
thickness and breadth and have approximately the same bending
strength. Consequently the force of the clamp can also be
uniformly distributed on either side of the point for
application of the clamp.
The contact face of the edge strut may have at least one
shallow recess between the two edges of said edge strut, so
that when two edge struts are in contiguity a clear space
remains in this central area. Under the action of the
clamping force of the clamp, a possible, slight elastic
deformation is therefore permitted, leading to the contact
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faces proper being pressed firmly together and thereby to
good tightness. Any small amounts of dirt can be held by the
recess or space.
Connection to a edge strut of flat steel material having an
inwrought bead according to German laid open print No. 41 03
775 is rendered possible in that the groove-like channel or
the like for application of a clamp is arranged at that
distance to the shuttering lining and to the free edge of the
edge strut at which a bead for the application of the clamp
is located in a edge strut formed of flat steel material, and
that in particular the breadth of the edge strut consisting
of flat material is the same as the breadth of the edge strut
formed by an extruded section. Therefore the stop faces can
serve for such edge struts composed of different materials to
be aligned to one another. The shuttering panel hence has a
high loading capacity, accompanied by favourable, low weight
and can be connected without any difficulty to the frames of
known shuttering panels having flat, steel edge struts. In an
2o advantageous way identical clamps can be used, i.e. an owner
of formwork with shuttering panels having edge struts of
flat, steel material can replace or complement them by a
shuttering panel having the edge strut embodied by the
invention formed by an extruded section and he can use the
latter together with the other shuttering panels. The owner
of an older formwork system therefore also has the
possibility of gradually changing it over to the new
shuttering panels, without no longer being able to use the
older ones.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described in
further detail below with reference to the drawings in which,
partly in schematic form,
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Fig. 1 is a side view, partly in section, of an edge area of
a shuttering panel, showing at the upper edge of the
shuttering panel the edge strut in cross section
embodied by the invention formed by an extruded
section,
Fig. 2 is a cross section through two contiguous edge struts
according to the invention which are pressed together
by a clamp applied to their central, grooved area
where they have a solid cross section, the shuttering
lining being omitted for the sake of simplicity,
Fig. 3 is a view corresponding to that of Fig. 2, wherein a
edge strut embodied by the invention formed by an
extruded section is pressed together with a edge
strut of flat steel material having a groove-like
bead by the clamp, again for the sake of simplicity
showing only the edge struts and not the complete
shuttering panels.
A shuttering panel, generally designated 1, has at its edges
struts, generally designated 3, which project approximately
at right angles to its shuttering lining 2 and are formed by
a flat extruded section of aluminium, an aluminium alloy or
of another light metal. In addition the shuttering lining may
be stiffened by further hollow sections 4 or the like between
these edge struts 3.
The edge struts 3 are provided with stop faces 5 which run at
right angles to the shuttering lining 2 and in the position
of use bear - as a rule directly - against complementary stop
faces 5 of edge struts 3 of neighbouring shuttering panels,
as is shown particularly in Fig. 2.
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According to Figs. 2 and 3 fasteners in the form of clamps 7
are applied to the backs 6 opposed to the stop faces 5 and
serve to fasten together the contiguous edge struts 3, so
that the edge struts 3 and thereby the shuttering panels 1
are fractionally interconnected. According to the exemplary
embodiments the extruded sections composing the edge struts 3
have cells or cavities 8 which extend in the longitudinal
direction of the edge struts and are enclosed all round by
walls 9. This leads to reduction in weight, nevertheless
accompanied by good stiffness.
The edge strut 3 has at its one edge 10 located in the area
of the shuttering lining 2 an angle space 11 for attachment
of the latter, the one angle leg engaging over the end face
of the shuttering lining 2, while the other angle leg 12 is
applied to the shuttering lining 2 at the back thereof facing
away from the surface for concrete placement.
The edge strut 3 has its edge 13 parallel thereto and remote
from the shuttering lining 2 embraced by the clamp 7 in the
position of use, as is shown in Figs. 2 and 3.
The point for application of the clamp 7 is a groove 14 or
channel which extends at the back 6 of the edge strut 3 and
is arranged approximately midway between the edges 10 and 13
of the edge strut 3, so that the clamp 7 does not have to
come right up to the shuttering lining 2. The edge strut 3
has a solid cross section in the area of this groove 14, so
that the forces emanating from the clamp 7 do not lead to a
3o deformation of the cavities 8. These cavities 8 extend Within
the edge strut 3 on either side of the channel 14 and hence
on either side of the area having the solid cross section.
This arrangement is shown clearly in Fig. 1, but also in
Figs. 2 and 3.
2175 ) 98
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The angle space 11, which receives the shuttering lining 2
and is located at that edge 10 of the edge strut 3 which is
proximate thereto, has bearing against the back of the
shuttering lining 2 an integral strip 15 or flange extended
in cross section, which strip or flange is the continuation
of the wall 16 which defines the cavity 8 near the shuttering
lining and runs parallel to the shuttering lining 2 and to
the surface for concrete placement. This strip 15 may serve
as the fastening flange for the shuttering lining 2, as is
indicated by the dot-dash line 17 signifying a screw. There
is consequently sufficient room for a fastener of almost any
cross section, so that considerably improved fixation is
possible than if it had to be effected through that leg of
the angle space which engages over the end face 18 of the
lining skin and is applied to a seal 19 there. In addition
the entire edge strut 3 is stiffened further by this strip
15.
In the area of the free edge 13 of the edge strut 3, next to
the cavity 8 arranged there, a portion 20 of solid material
and a reduction of cross-sectional area 21 are to be seen.
The reduction of cross-sectional area can be engaged by a
complementary counter-stop 22 of the clamp 7 and hence serves
as a stop when aligning two interconnected edge struts 3, as
is apparent in Fig. 2. According to Figs. 1 and 2 the stop
face or contact face 5 of the edge strut 3 has a shallow
recess 23 between the two edges 10 and 13 , so that when two
edge struts 3 are in contiguity a clear space remains in the
central area. This space or recess 23 covers the areas of the
cavities 8, so that the actual contact and transfer of force
takes place at the sides of the cavities 8. Pressure forces
of commensurate magnitude can be transferred and sustained in
this area.
21760 98
Z1
The edge strut 3 is of approximately the same thickness in
the area of its parallel cavities 8 on either side of groove
14, and the cavities 8 and walls defining them are also of
. approximately the same thickness, resulting in largely
conforming dimensions throughout the breadth of the edge
struts 3 and thereby the same compressive and flexural
strengths everywhere. The breadth of the cavities 8
transversely of the plane formed by the shuttering lining 2
are also approximately the same.
According to Figs. 1 and 2, the boundary 24 of the groove 14
is inclined and runs at an angle of approximately 45° -
viewed in cross section - to the stop face 5 of the edge
strut 3. A correspondingly shaped projection 25 of the clamp
75 7 can therefore be applied to the boundary 24 and bring about
a certain force component also in the direction of the
counter-stop 22 on the clamp 7. Mention is made in this
connection that the clamp 7 acts upon the edge struts 3 only
with its projections 25 within the groove 14 and even in the
clamped position of Fig. 2 a minimal space can remain between
the clamping jaws 26 and the back of the edge struts 3.
However even if clamping forces are applied and transferred
here as well, the intermediate cavities 8 cannot be indented,
because a solid cross section on either side of this cavity 8
between the clamping jaws 26 provides for sufficient support.
A clamp of any kind, for instance according to DE-A-41 03 775
or - as illustrated in the exemplary embodiment according
to DE-42 36 070, can be applied to the groove 14 or channel.
It is contemplated that the groove-like channel 14 for
3o application of this clamp 7 is arranged at that distance to
the shuttering lining 2 and to the free edge 13 of the edge
strut 3 at which a bead 14a for the application of the clamp
7 is located in a edge strut 3a according to Fig. 3 formed of
flat steel material. The breadth of the edge strut 3a
consisting of flat material is the same as the breadth of the
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edge strut 3 formed by an extruded section, so that the two
different edge struts 3 and 3a of Fig. 3 can be fastened
together without any difficulty by the clamp 7. Therefore
shuttering panels having such different edge struts can be
combined in a simple manner. Hence the invention has
succeeded in providing a edge strut formed by an extruded
light metal, allowing good application of force of a clamp 7
at a location at which the cavities 8 are not endangered by
this pressure force of the clamp 7, also enabling optimal
.0 fixation of the shuttering lining 2 and nevertheless
permitting of being combined with an already known and
existing edge strut in such a way that the same clamp 7 can
fix together both different edge struts 3 and 3a. Therefore
shuttering panels according to the exemplary embodiment can
t5 be combined with ones having edge struts 3a.
The shuttering panel 1 has edge struts 3 formed from a flat
extruded section made of aluminium, an aluminium alloy or
another light metal, ensuring both lightness and rigidity.
20 The contact points of clamps 7 for the mutual securing of
such edge struts 3 of adjacent panels 1 are at a distance
from the shuttering lining 2 at a site where the edge struts
3 have a solid cross section and the cavities 8 situated on
either side of this contact point are not in danger of being
25 deformed by the pressure exerted by the fixing clamps 7. A
groove 14 or channel is provided with which the clamp can
engage to ensure that this contact point is actually used.
This makes it possible to use the same clamp 7 which serves
for edge struts made of flat material with a central bead so
30 that shuttering panels made of different materials and
provided with such edge struts can be combined.
Claims
