FILTER ENVELOPE FOR A DRAINAGE ELEMENT FOR PRESSES USED FOR SEPARATING FLUIDS FROM SOLID MATERIALS

ENVELOPPE FILTRANTE POUR ELEMENT DE DRAINAGE DE PRESSES UTILISEES POUR EXTRAIRE DES LIQUIDES DE SOLIDES

English Abstract

A filter envelope (26) for a rod-shaped, flexible drainage core (4) with flow
paths (5) for removing the pressed-out fluid from the pressing chamber of a
press. By winding the filter envelope (26) itself around it, a ring-shaped
bulge
(20) is fixedly connected with it (26) for assembling the filter envelope (26)
and
the drainage core (4) on one or both ends of the press.

French Abstract

L'invention concerne l'enveloppe filtrante (26) d'une âme de drainage (4) flexible en forme de tige et comprenant des canaux d'écoulement (5) servant au drainage du liquide exprimé de la chambre de pression d'une presse. Pour monter cette enveloppe filtrante (26) et l'âme de drainage (4) de façon qu'une de leurs extrémités ou les deux reposent sur la presse, on relie fermement, à l'extrémité de l'enveloppe filtrante (26), un bourrelet annulaire (29) avec ladite enveloppe filtrante (26) en formant une boucle avec celle-ci (26), boucle qui entoure ledit bourrelet (29).

Claims

CLAIMS.
1. A filter envelope for a drainage element (3) for presses used for
separating fluids from solid materials, wherein the drainage element (3)
comprises
a rod-shaped flexible drainage core (4) with flow paths (5) for removing the
pressed-out liquid from the pressing chamber (2) of the press and a fluid-
permeable envelope (6, 6', 26) surrounding the drainage core (4), and wherein
at
least one end of the drainage element (3) is fastened on a juice collecting
plate,
pressure plate (1) or pressure jacket of the press, characterized by at least
one ring-
like bulge (29, 59, 68, 69, 79, 89, 99) which is fixedly connected to the
filter
envelope (6, 6', 26) at its one end by being surrounded by the filter envelope
itself
or by means of an extension (95) connected therewith and can be deformed in
such
a way that it permits the respective end of the filter envelope (6, 6', 26) to
be
pushed through an opening in a fastening element (7, 46) whose diameter is
maximally equal to the diameter of the filter envelope (6', 26) in its form in
which
it is fastened on the press.
2. The filter envelope in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the
ring-shaped bulge consist of a ring (29, 59, 79, 89) and that the end (33, 43,
53) of
the filter envelope (26) is wound around the ring and fastened on an area of
the
filter envelope (26) located in front of the end.
3. The filter envelope in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that the
ring is an 0-ring (29).
4. The filter envelope in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that the
ring consists of a wire spiral (89).
5. The filter envelope in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that the
ring (59) has a rectangular cross section.
6. The filter envelope in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that the
ring (59) can be elastically deformed in such a way that its shape can
essentially
only be changed between a circle and an oval.
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7. The filter envelope in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that the
ring (79) is made of a stranded material.
8. The filter envelope in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the
ring-shaped bulge is composed of a plurality of rings (68, 69) and that the
end (33)
of the filter envelope (26) is wound around the rings (68, 69) and fastened on
an
area of the filter envelope (26) located in front of the end.
9. The filter envelope in accordance with any one of claims 2 to 8,
characterized in that the end of the filter envelope (26) or the extending
connected
therewith is wound from the outside to the inside around the ring (29).
10. The filter envelope in accordance with any one of claims 2 to 9,
characterized in that fastening of the wound part of the filter envelope (26)
or of
the extending connected therewith in the area ahead of the end has taken place
by
sewing.
11. The filter envelope in accordance with any one of claims 2 to 9,
characterized in that fastening of the wound part of the falter envelope (26)
or of
the extending connected therewith in the area ahead of the end has taken place
by
ultrasound welding (54).
12. The filter envelope in accordance with any one of claims 2 to 8 and 10
to 11, characterized in that, following its fastening on the part ahead of the
end, the
wound portion (92, 93, 94) of the filter envelope (26) or the extension
connected
therewith is made sufficiently long that for fastening on the press the
portion can
project past the end of the filter envelope.
13. The filter envelope in accordance with any one of claims 2 to 8,
characterized in that the portion (93, 92) of the filter envelope (26) wound
around
the ring (29, 59) or of the extension connected therewith is fastened on the
area
ahead of the end by means of a second ring (19, 20) located on the outside and
is
then embodied long enough so that for fastening on the press the portion can


project past the end of the filter envelope.
14. The filter envelope in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the
ring-shaped bulge (99) is formed by rolling up and sewing the respective end
of the
filter envelope (26) or of an extension connected therewith.
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Description

2185648
Filter Envelope for a Drainage Element for Presses
Used for Separating Fluids from Solid Materials
The invention relates to a filter envelope for a drainage element for presses
used for separating fluids from solid materials, in particular for fruit
presses,
wherein the drainage element comprises a rod-shaped flexible drainage core
with
flow paths for removing the pressed-out liquid from the pressing chamber of
the
press and a fluid-permeable envelope surrounding the drainage core, and
wherein
at least one end of the drainage element is fastened on a juice collecting
plate,
pressure plate or the pressure jacket of the press.
Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view through the known fastening of a
drainage element on a fruit press. A plurality of drainage elements 3 are
disposed in a pressing chamber 2, delimited by respectively one pressure plate
1,
of a known fruit press, not shown.
A drainage element 3 essentially consists of an elastic drainage core 4,
through whose outside located grooves 5 as shown by the section A - A the
liquid
is guided out of the pressing chamber 2 during the pressing operation, and of
a
stocking-shaped filter 6 placed over it for separating the solids from the
liquids.
The drainage core 4 and the filter 6 are fastened in a core holder 7 at the
respective ends of the drainage element 3. In this case the filter 6 is placed
over
an elastic sleeve 8 and is fixed in place by means of an O-ring 9. A disk 10
is
used for supporting the sleeve 8 on a transverse pin 11 which is laterally
pushed
into bores of the drainage core 4 and the core holder 7 and in this way
assures
the axial and radial fixation of the two components 4 and 7 in respect to each
other.
The core holder 7 is connected try means of a spacer bushing 12 and a
safety ring 13 with the pressure plate 1. In this case a protrusion 14 of the
safety
ring 13 which engages a groove of the core holder 7 through a slit in the
spacer
bushing 12, together with a collar 17 of the spacer bushing located behind the
pressure plate 1, provides security against axial displacement.
As can be seen in Fig. 1, the filter 6 is held in the spacer bushing 12 by
being clamped between the core holder 7, the sleeve 8 and the O-ring 8. At
least
the sleeve 8 is made of an elastically deformable material, preferably an

X185648
elastomer. In this known embodiment the drainage filters 6 are produced by
means of a knitting process and, to prevent runs, are provided with darts or
cut
under heat so that the stitches slightly melt and stick together at the ends
near the
disk 10.
This type of construction has the following disadvantages:
The assembly of the filter element 6 with the complete drainage element 3
is very labor-intensive. The filter 6 is pulled over the sleeve 8 and must be
correctly placed in the longitudinal direction. Then the O-ring is pushed over
it
and must be clamped in the core holder 7 together with the drainage core 4. In
the course of this, the following assembly errors occur as a rule: - formation
of
runs because of excessive pulling, - wrong placement in the longitudinal
direction, - the O-ring is displaced during the insertion, - use of
lubricants,
although this is impermissible. These errors can result in insufficient
fastening of
the filter 6 in the connecting part. During operation the filter 6 is then
pulled out
from beneath the O-ring 9 and the operation of the press is hampered.
A problem also arises during disassembly of the filters 6 worn out through
normal use, because in some cases the O-ring 9 is seated very solidly and
therefore makes disassembly more difficult.
It is the object of the invention to avoid the disadvantages mention by
means of a filter envelope of the type mentioned at the outset.
This object is attained in accordance with the invention by at least one ring-
like bulge which is fixedly connected to the filter envelope at its one end by
being surrounded by the filter envelope itself or by means of an extension
connected therewith and can be deformed in such a way that it permits the
respective end of the filter envelope to be pushed through an opening in a
fastening element whose diameter is maximally equal to the diameter of the
filter
envelope in its form in which it is fastened on the press.
In this case it has been shown to be particularly advantageous if the ring-
shaped bulge consists of a ring and the end of the filter envelope is wound
around the ring and fastened on an area of the filter envelope located ahead
of
the end.
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CA 02185648 2005-05-30
In accordance with another embodiment it is provided that the ring-shaped
bulge consists of a plurality of rings and that the end of the filter envelope
is
wound around the ring and fastened on. a area of the filter envelope located
ahead
of the end. The ring-shaped bulge can be formed in a particularly simple
manner
by rolling up and sewing together the respective end of the filter envelope
itself
or an extension formed thereon.
The invention is explained in more detail in the following description and
the drawings, which represent exemplary embodiments.
Shown are in:
Fig. 1, a sectional view of a known fastening of a drainage element on the
pressure plate of a fruit press,
Fig. 2, a sectional view of a filter envelope in accordance with the
invention and an associated holding body for explaining the assembly on a
pressure plate of a fruit press, and
Fig: 3 to Fig. 14, embodiments of the filter envelope with a ring-shaped
bulge in accordance with the invention in partial sectional views.
On the left, Fig. 2 shows a filter envelope 26 similar to the type already
shown and explained in Fig. 1. Because it was made by means of a knitting
process, the circumference and the diameter of the filter envelope 26 can be
increased by stretching. An elastic ring 29 made of a plastic material is
fastened
at the end of the filter envelope 26 by winding the end 23 of the filter
envelope
26 from the inside around the ring 29. As indicated by a seam 24, the end 23
is
fastened by sewing it to an area of the filter envelope 26 located further
back.
The elastic ring 29 is clamped between an outer sleeve 46 and an inner
sleeve 48. As a rigid element, the inner sleeve 4.8 takes the place of the
elastic
sleeve 8 in accordance with Fig. 1. It has a neck 47 for supporting the end of
the filter envelope 26 from the inside and is axially fixed in place by means
of a
transverse pin 11' which penetrates through the outer sleeve 46 and the
drainage
core 4.
It is important for the perfect functioning of the drainage process that the
interior diameter 31 of the filter envelope 26 is considerably greater than
the
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~
21 X35643
diameter 32 of the drainage core 4. It is possible by means of this to prevent
an
otherwise occurring adhesion by shrinking of the filter envelope 26 on the
drainage core 4. As Fig. 2 shows, the interior diameter 31 of the filter
envelope
26 is increased by winding its ends around the elastic ring 29. However, for
assembly it is necessary to push this end through the narrowest opening of the
outer sleeve 46, whose diameter is maximally equal to the diameter of the
filter
envelope corresponding to the diameter 31. This is possible because the ring-
shaped bulge 23, 29 is embodied to be deformable in a suitable shape.
Fig. 3 shows the use of a filter envelope 6' in accordance with the
invention with a fastening device of a type known per se as has already been
explained in connection with Fig. 1. Components of this fastening device
corresponding to Fig. 1 have the reference numerals already provided there. In
accordance with Fig. 3, the filter 6' is wound from the inside out around the
O-
ring 9 the same as in the embodiment in accordance with Fig. 2. The end 33 of
the filter envelope 6' is simply fastened by means of a seam 24 to an area
further
back on the filter envelope 6' by sewing. Because of being made by means of a
knitting process, the circumference of the filter 6' is expandable and can
therefore, as shown in Fig. 3, adapt itself to the increased diameter of the
elastic
sleeve 8 in the area of the O-ring 9.
Fig. 4 to Fig. 14 show exemplary embodiments of the filter envelope with a
ring-shaped bulge in accordance with the invention in partial sectional views.
In
accordance with Fig. 4, the filter envelope 26 is wound from the inside out
around an elastic ring 29, the same as in the embodiment in accordance with
Fig.
2. However, the end 33 of the filter envelope 26 is not wound another turn but
is simply fixed in place by a seam 24. In the exemplary embodiment in
accordance with Fig. 5, the end 43 is also simply fastened by means of a seam
24, but the end 43 is here wound around the ring 29 from the outside to the
inside.
The ring can also consist of a comparatively hard elastic material, as long
as its deformability only allows it to be pushed through the opening of the
outer
sleeve 46, as described in connection with Fig. 2. Such a material is provided
in
the embodiment in accordance with Fig. 6 of the ring 59. In this case the
cross
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2185648
section of the ring 59 is selected to be rectangular and its shape can
essentially
only be changed in the range between a circle and an oval. The end 53 of the
filter envelope 26 is fastened on an area further back of the filter envelope
26 by
sewing or ultrasound welding.
To achieve defined shapes of the ring-shaped bulge it is possible to use
groups of several rings instead of the rings 9, 29, 59 of Figs. 2 to 6. Fig. 7
shows a group of two elastic rings 68, 69 around both of which the filter
envelope 26 is wound. The fastening of the end 33 of the sleeve 26 in the zone
24 corresponds to that in accordance with Fig. 4. However, in place of the
rings
9, 29, 59 it is also possible to employ stranded rings 79 in accordance with
Fig.
8 or wire spirals 89 in accordance with Fig. 9 as elastic rings. If sewing or
welding is to be omitted when fastening the end 33, 53 of the filter envelope
26,
it is also possible to use a further ring 19 in accordance with Fig. 10, or 90
in
accordance with Fig. 11 and located on the outside for this. In this case the
end
93 or 92 of the filter envelope 26 is practically embodied to be long enough
that
when fastened on the press in accordance with Fig. 3 it can project toward the
right past the end of the filter envelope 6'. Possible brief tightening of the
filter
envelope 26 then does not result in a loss of the holding effect.
However, a long embodiment of the end of the filter envelope 26 can also
be advantageous if it is fastened in accordance with Fig. 4 or Fig. 6. Fig. 12
shows such a long embodiment of the end 94, which results in an additional
security of the fastening. If it is intended to escape the reliance on the
material
properties of the ringed-shaped bulge when fastening it on the filter
envelope, it
is possible in accordance with Fig. 13 to first connect an extension 95 to the
filter envelope 26, for example by a seam 24. Similar to the way shown in Fig.
4, the extension 95 is wound around a ring 29.
One or several of the rings of the type shown in Figs. 2 to 13 can be
omitted if, as shown in Fig. 14, the ring-shaped bulge is made on at least one
end of the filter envelope 26 by rolling up the filter envelope or an
extension
connected with it itself and winding the envelope 26 or the extension 95
around
it. In this case the rolled-up bulge 99 is secure against coming loose by
sewing
in a zone 98.
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Representative Drawing