Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
0 9~/33033 2 ~ 9 1 3 1 8 ~ ''7~
~W ,~
LAUNDRY DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS
FTFT n QF T~F INVE~iTTnN
This invention relates to laundry detergent ~,~..,.I.r.~ l;. - which exhibit
lo improved greasy and oily soil and body soil removal capabilities. The c.l. .l...~:l;..-- -
are generally free of phosphate; ' ..G~ , they may contain low l~:vels of
phosphate materials but not amounts in excess of about 20% by weight. These
detergent c....,.~ provide an ~ . ~t ",y high level of greasy and oii soil
(such as motor oii, triolein, animai fat and lipstick) removal, they also provide
ls excellent removal of particulate soils, especially clay soils, as weii as fabric care
benefits, such as fabric softening, static control, and dye transfer inhibition. B~(~RGROUND OF T~F. INVF~TION
Oleoyl sarcosinate is a known anionic surfactant which has been use~l as the
detersive surfactant in fabric laundering: , Oleoyl sarcosinate has been
described in the following patents and ~ ' ' U.S. 2,542,385; U.S. 3,402,990;
U.S. 3,639,568; U.S. 4,772,424; U.S. 5,186,855; European Patent Publication
505,129; British Patent Publication 1,211,545; Japanese Patent Publication
59/232194; Japanese Patent Pubiication 62/295997; Japanese Patent Pubiication
02/180811; and Chemicai Abstracts Service Abstracts Nos. 61:3244q, 70:58865x,
and 83:181020p.
Cationic surfactants have aiso been used in detergent , - prirnarily to
provide adjunct fabric care benefits and not for the purpose of enhancing cieaning.
Certain cationic surfactants provide a germicidai or s~rnitization benefit to washGd
surfaces; see for example, U.S. Pat. No. 2,742,434, Koop, issued Apr. 17" 1956;
U.S. Pat. No. 3,539,520, Cantor et ai, issued Nov. 10, 1970; and U.S. P,lt. No.
3,965,026, Lancz, issued June 22, 1976. Other cationic surfactants, such as
~' " . " ~' ' ' ~' chioride, are included in detergent ~ to
provide a fabric softening benefit, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,607,763, Saimem et
ai, issued Sept. 21, 1971; and U.S. Pat. No. 3,644,203, Lamberti et ai, issued Feb.
3s 22, 1972. Such ~ are also used to control static, as weii as to soften
laundered fabrics as, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,951,879, Wixon, issued A.pr. 20,
Wos~133033 ~ 3 ~
1976; and U.S Pat. No. 3,959,157, Inamorato, issued May 25, 1976. All of these
patents are ir~.u"uu.~Led herein by reference.
The .,.~ - of the present invention have outstanding cleaning
capabilities. Such l.r~ can be very effective in removing some typical
s greasy and oily soils in comparison with Cu~ iulldl ~aundry detergents, including
- '`5 Li." ' ' heavy duty liquid detergents containing a high proportion of
nonionic surfactants. These same detergent ~ with or without phosphate
or other builder cul~.~,. , are also effective in removing clay soils at least as well,
and in some instances, ' "~ better than fully-built cu..~ .;u.~al granular
lo laundry detergent , , and, in addition provide a range of fabric care
benefits, such as fabric softening, static control and dye transfer inhibition, to the
laundered fabrics. Thus, the ~ r~ ~ of the present invention provide the user
with a well-rounded cleaning and fabric care package. These are the result of a
heretofore l~V~5.~.,~ cleaning potential provided by the c~ . of selected
15 anionic surfactants, i.e. oleoyl ~ueu~ e:~, and certain selected cationic surfactants.
It is an object of this invention to provide laundry detergent
which yield outstanding greasy and oily soil and body soil removal.
It is amother object ofthis invention to provide laundry detergent ..~r..l,f~ l;.,..~
which have excellent particulate sûil removal p. '` e and fabric ' g
benefits, in addition to outstanding greasy and oily soil and body soil removal
p~ u., , in the presence or absence of builder c ----r '
It is a further object of this invention to provide detergent, ~ which
may be used in a variety of physical forms, such as liquid, paste, granular, solid,
powder, or in conjunction with a carrier such as a substrate.
It is a still fiurther object of this invention to provide a process for laundering
fabrics to remove greasy and oily soil and body soil, as well as particulate soil, using
certain anionic and cationic surfactant-containing ddergent . The
I V-:~ also provide excellent color care for dyed fabrics and excellent skin
mildness for hamdwash operations. These and other advantages of the present
invention will be seen from the disclosures hereinafter.
SIJMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to laundry detergent . that comprise
from about 5% to I ûO%, by weight, of a surfactant mixture comprising:
(A) an oleoyl sarcosinate of the formula:
3s C17H33C(O)N(CH3)CH2COOM
wherein M is hydrogen or a cationic moiety; and
~Wo 9sl33033
~, '
(B) a spccific type of cationic surfactant which is fiee of },yl'
groups. Such cationic surfactants have the formula RmlR~2YLZ wherein Rl is an
organic group containing a straight or branched alkyl or alkenyl group optionally
- substituted with up to 3 phenyl or hydroxy groups and optionally interrupted by up to
5 four structures selected from
O O O ~Z
~3
and mixtures thereof, each Rl containing about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, and
which may additionaDy contain up to about 12 ethylene oxide groups; m is ~I number
from I to 3; each R2 is an alkyl or hydroxy alkyl group containing from I to 4 carbon
atoms or a benzyl group, with no more than one R2 in a molecule being belnzyl; x is
from 0 to 11, the remainder of any carbon atom positions being filled by hydrogens;
Y is selected from
wo9s/33u33 P~lll 7~
2~I318 -4-
",~ ,.
--N+~
~f-
t+-- wherein p is from I to 12,
~ClH40)pH
(ClH40)pH
~+-- , wherein each p is from I to 12,
(C~0)pH
f and mrstures thereof;
L is I or 2, the Y groups being separated by a moiety glected from Rl and R2
analogs having from one to about twenty-t~vo carbon atoms and 2 free carbon single
bonds when L is 2, and Z is an anion in a number sufficient to give dectrica~
neutrality. These cationic surfactants should be at least ' ".~ water
disperslble in admixhlre with the oleoyl sarcosinate surfact~nt.
These, . of this invention pro~ride a pH of at least about 6.~ in
aqueous laundry solution. The ratio of oleoyl sarcosrnate surfactant to cationicsurfactant ranges from about 1:1 to 100 1.
o The present invention also relates to a process for cleaning fabrics soiled with
greasy and/or oily soils. Such a process comprises contacting such soiled fabrics
~VO 95133033 - ' r~
r2r~
with an aqueous soiution containing water and from about 0.1% to 1% of the oleoyl
a~ l,u,;lllLL~ i" surfactant ~ h~ described. Fabric
processes are also provided.
DET~n Fn DESCRrPTION OF TF~F. i~VENTION
The ~ r ' of the detergent , herein, their preparation,
'' and ~ p~-~;l;- use are described in detail as follo1~.rs. Ail
and ratios are expressed on a weight basis uniess otherwise indicated.
(A) The Oleoyl Sarcosinate Comi~onent
One essential component of the surfactant mixture employed in the
detergent ~ herein is the anionic surfactant oleoyl sarcosinate in its acid
and/or salt form. Preferabl~ the oleoyl sarcosinate will comprise from about ~.1% to
about 80%, more preferably from about 1% to about 40%, and most preferably about2% to about 30% by weight of the ~ Oleoyl sarcosinate has the generai
formula: C17H33C(O)N(CH3)CH2COOM wherein M is hydrogen or a cationic
5 moiety. The ~,cC~sul a~ of oleoyl ~., can be represented as foiiows
~ ~ ~C)M
CH3 O
Preferred M ~ I;h 1~ are hydrogen and alkali metai cations, es,pecially
sodium and potassium. Oleoyl sarcosinate is . "~ avaiiable, for example as
Hamposyl O marketed by W. R. C~race & Co.
In addition to the ~ ' ' ' oleoyl sarcosinate, oleoyl sarcosmate
useful herein can aiso be prepared from the ester (preferably the methyl ester) or oleic
acid and a sarcosine sait (preferably the sodium salt) under anhydrous reaction
conditions in the presence of a base catalyst with a basicity equai to or greater than
aikoxide cataiyst (preferably sodium methoxide). For example, the reaction may
iiiustrated by the scheme:
A
Wo gsl33033
~ 2~9131g
OCH3
+
CH3 0
H,N ONa
NaOCH3(cat)
~ ~ ~ONa
CH3 0
This salt may be optionally neutralized to form the oieoyi sarcosinate in its
acid form.
The preferred method for preparing oleoyl sarcosinate is conducted at a
s t~ ,.a~ from about gOcC to about 200C, especiaily from about I~OCC to about
200CC. It is preferred to conduct the reaction without solvent although alcohol
solvents which have a boiling point of at least 100C and are stable to the reaction
conditions ~I.e., glycerol is not acceptable) can be used. The reaction may proceed in
about 85% yield with a molar ratio of methyl ester reactant to sarcosine salt reactant
o to basic catalyst of about l: l :O.OS-0.2.
Methyl ester mixtures derived from high oleic content natural oiis (preferably
having at least about 60%, more preferably at least about 75%, and most preferably
at least about 90% oleic content) are especiaDy preferred as sta~ting materials.Examp~es include high-oleic sunfiower and r~C~Ilc - llo oil. In addition, a high-
15 oleic methyl ester fraction derived from either palm kernel oil or taDow is acceptable.It is to be understood that such oils typicaDy will contain some levels of impurities,
including some fatty acid impurities that may be converted to sarcosinate compounds
by this synthesis method. For example, cornmodity ' '~ a~ J oil may comprise
a majority of oleic acid, and a mixture of fatty acid impurities such as paimitic,
20 stearic, linoleic, linolenic andlor eicosenoic acid, some or all of which are corve}ted
to the sarcosinate by this reaction method. If desired for formulation purposes, some
or aD of such impurity materials may be excluded from the starting oii before
preparing the oleoyl sarcosinate to be used in the present invention.
095133033 ~1913~8 ~ ,3r ---7~
~w -7-
Finally, sarcosine remaining in the reaction mixture can be convert~:d to an
amide by addition of maleic or acetic anhydride to the mixture, thereby minimizing
the sarcosine content and any potential for formation of undesired nitrogen-
containing impurities.
The synthesis of oleoyl sarcosinate may be carried out as follow to prepare
the sodium oleoyl sarcosinate.
Syrth~cic of Oleoyl Amide of Sa S~7i~rn ~7t A 2 L, 3-neck round
bottom flask is fitted with lh.. ~.. , Dean-Stark trap with condenser, mechanical
stirring, and a gas in et adapter ~hrough which nitrogen is passed over the reaction
lo mixture. The reaction vessel is charged with sarcosine (43.3 g, 0.476 mol), sodium
methoxide 25% in methanol (97.7 g, 0.452 mol), and methanol (400 mL). The
reaction mixture is refluxed 15 min. to neutra7ize the sarcosine and then met yl ester
derived from Cargill regular high-oleyl sunf.ower oil (148.25 g, 0.5 mol) is; added.
After the methamol is removed with the Dean-Stark trap, reaction mixture i~; heated
15 to 170C for I hr. to drive offany water. The reaction is initiated by the ad~lition of
sodium methoxide 25% in methanol (15.4 g, 0.0714 mol). The reaction mixture is
kept at 170C for 2.5 hr. during which methanol is collected in the Dean-Sti7rk trap.
The reaction is a7.10wed to cool slightly, and then methanol (200 g) is added. Maleic
anhydride (9.43 g, 0.095 mol) is added to the methanol solution, and the realction is
20 stirred at 60C for 0.5 hr. Then most of the methanol is removed by rotary
c~r~lJvl~liull, amd acetone (2 L) is added to precipitate the product. The pr~duct is
collected by suction fltration amd a7ilowed to air dry to give an off-whitç soid.
Analysis of the reaction mixture by GC indicates the majority of the product is oleoyl
"." , with minor amounts of the following impurities: sarcosine, oleic acid,
25 and the ~,~ derived from pa mitic acid, stearic acid, and inoleic acid.
(B) The ~ lrf~rt~r~t Cr ~
The second essential component of the su&c7ant mixture employed helein is a
certain type of cationic surfactant materia7.. Such cationics are those of the genera7.
formula RmlRX2Y~Z wherein the elements of this formula are as described
30 1~ ' '` r in the Summary of the invention sçction.
In preferred cationic materia s, Z is a water-soluble anion such as ha7iide, methyl
su fate, suhfate, or nitrate ar~ion with particularly preferred arions being chloride,
bromide, iodide, su fate, or methyl sulfate, in a number to give electrica7i neutl ality of
the cationic component. A7iso in preferred cationic materials, L is equa. to 1, p is
35 from I to 12, preferably from I to 10, and Y is
wossa3033 21gl37~ 8- r~
~ C-- (C2H40)pH
--N+----~ + _ ~ +--
(C2H40)pH (C2H40)pH
or mixtures thereof However, L may be equal to two, thereby yielding cationic
L-- r ' containing two cationic charge centers. An example of a di-cationic
component is given below:
Z- CH3 CH3 Z~
Cl8H35 +1`~--CH2--CH2--CH2 ?1+--CH3
CH3 CH3
In preferred cationic materials, described above, where m is equal to 1, it is
preferred that x is equal to 3, and R2 is a methyl group. Preferred ~ -- of
tbis mono-long chain type include those in which Rl is a C1o to Clg aikyl group.Particularly preferred ~ r ' of this class include C16 (~ ' ~' " Yl)
0 Ll;~ J~ halide, tallowaikyl i ' ~' haiide and " yl
L i..~L~.,' halide. In preferred systems, tallowaikyl L-;.l~hJ' ~ or
" yl i ' ~' materials are combined with oleoyl sarcosinate in
~,~., 'u.liu.. c ratios offrom 1:1 tû 10:1, more preferably 5:1 to 9:1.
Another preferred surfactant mixture utilizes mono- long chain cationic
S surfactants of the formula
H2
R' N+ It2 Z-,
,~2
wherein Rl, R2 and Z are as defined above, in ' with sarcosinate in
ratios of from 5.1:1 tû 15:1.
Useful di- long chain cationics include those of the above formula wherein m is
20 2. When m is equal to 2, it is preferred that x is equal to 2, and that R2 is a methyl
group. In this instance it is also preferred that R1 is a C1o to C20 alkyl group.
Particularly preferred cationic materials of the class include d yl (C12-
~ 2 f ~ 1 3 ~L 8
C14) ~ J halide, ~ ' " yl (Clg) dime~ ' halide and
yl (Cl6-CI8) ~ 'L~ halide materials.
Where tri-long chain materials are used (m=3), it is preferred that x is lequal to
I and that R2 j5 a methyl group. In these ~",p..~ it is preferred that Rl is a Cg
5 to Cll alkyl group. Particularly preferred tri-long chain cationic materials include
Llio.,l~' " yl (Cg) methyl ammonium halide and tridecyalkyl (Clo) methyl ammonium
halide.
Another preferred type of cationic surfactant useful in the surfactant mixtures
employed in the present invention is of the ' ' variety. A particularly
o preferred surfactant of this type is one having the structural formula
--C
C~3 ,~H2--CH2NH --R
~--~ .H2
R-Ç~N r
-- H2
wherein R is Clo to C20 alkyl, particularly C14 to C20 alkyl. These ' "
surfactants may be used alone as the cationic component in the . . of the
present invention, or may be used in mixtures, together with other cationic
15 su&ctants, such as those described above. In these mixtures, it is preferred lthat the
ratio of the ' ' ' surfactant to the other cationic surfactant is from about 4:1
to about 1:4. Particularly preferred mixtures of this type include the
surfactant, shown above, together with l ' ~' " yl i ' ,' chloride or
~~ " yl i ' ,' chloride or a mixture of ~ " yl
20 1. illr~ ' chlorideand~ '"yli ',' chloride.
Another type of preferred cationic surfactant for use in the ~ o~ of the
present invention are the alkoxylated alkyl ~ xamples c~f such
compounds are given below:
ICH3 CH3
Z~ R--~--(C2H40)pH and H(OC2H4~ 1 ~ (C2H~O)pEI Z~
R R
25 wherein each p is from I to 12, preferably from I to 10 (with the total ethylene oxide
groups in a molecule not exceeding about 13), and each R is a Clo to C20 alkyl
group It is preferred that these compounds contain no more than a total o:~ about
10, preferably no more than about 7, ethylene oxide groups in order to obtain the
best removal of greasy and oily soils.
.
woss~33033 21~13i ~ lo- 1~l" ,~
The ~ of the present invention are pre&rably ' "!~ free of
cationic compounds containing about 13 or more ethylene oxide groups. These
compounds tend to be relatively non-l,;od~ ~,"..l-~ .l. do not enhance the cleaning or
fabric, " g benef~ts provided by the ~... ,.~- ~;...,~ and may, in some
s ~,u~ - , decrease the overall laundering p.,.ru~ provided by them It is
to be noted thdt po~_.l.u~ ' cationic surfactants having relatively low levels of
c~llu~yldtiu.., such as those described above, exhibit better l.;ùd~ y
..l.~.i..l~,;_l;.~ and may be adv _ 'y included in the ~ --- of the
present invention.
o A particuiarly preferred type of cationic component, which is described in
Letton; U.S. Patent 4,260,529; Issued April 7, 1981 (;..~,u.~. ' herein by
reference) has the formula:
R2--(Zl)U (R3)" Z' (CE~ ~+--Rl X
wherein Rl is Cl to C4 aiicyl or h,~i~u~_" yl, R2 is Cs to C30 straight or branched
15 chain alkyl, alkenyl, alkyl phenyl, or
t (CH2)s--;
R'
wherein s is from 0 to S; R3 is Cl to C20 alkylene or aikenylene; a is 0 to 1, and n is
I when a is l; m is from I tû 5; Zl and z2 are edch selected from the group
consisting of
~ ~
~, ~ , O ,
1~ ~~ ~ ~
H .H 0
~--~Dd ~ ~ ,
and wherein at least one of said groups is an ester, reverse ter, amide or reverse
amide; and X is an anion which makes the compound at least water-dispersible,
~WO 95133033 2 1 g 1 3 ~ g
preferably selected from the group consisting of halide, methyl sulfate, sulfate, and
nitrate, more preferably chloride, bromide, iodide, methyl sulfate amd sulfate.
In addition to the advantages of the other cationic surfactants disclosed herein,
this particular cationic component is e.~ desirable, since it is
s ~;v~ .alavle, yielding .,~ , acceptable ~ r ~, both in terrns of its
long alkyl chain and its nitrogen-containing segment. These preferred cationic
, , , when used in the, , of the present invention, are em~loyed in
.surfactant mixtures which have sarcosinate to cationic surfactant ratios of from 5.1:1
to about 100:1, particularly from 5.1:1 to about 50:1 most preferably from about 6:1
o to 40:1, especially from about 6:1 to about 20:1.
Particularly preferred cationic surfactants of this type are the choline ester
derivatives having the following fommula:
O CH
R2--C--O--CH2CH2~+--CH3 X~
CH3
as well as those compounds in which the ester linkage in the above folrmula is
15 replaced with a reverse ester, amide or reverse amide linkage.
Particularly preferred examples of this type of choline ester cationic s-lrfactant
include stearoyl choline ester quatemary ammonium halides (R2=C17 alkyl),
palmitoyl choline ester quatemary ammonium halides (R2=CIs alkyl), nnyristoyl
choline ester quatemary ammonium halides (R2=CII alkyl), and tallowyl choline
20 ester quatemary ammonium halides (R2=CIs-Cl7 alkyl).
Additional preferred cationic ~ of the choline ester variety are given
by the structural fommulas below, wherein p may be from 0 to 20.
~ T3
R1~--C--(CHI~C~CH~CH~--CH3 X-
CH~
X- CH~-- --CH,--CH,~--C~CH,~C--~CH2~H~i--CH X
~H3 1H3
The prefemd choline-derivative cationic substances, discussed above, may be
2s prepared by the direct " of a fatty acid of the desired chain length with
- ' 1, in the presence of an acid catalyst. The reaction product is
then quaterni2ed with a methyl halide, forming the desired cationic material. The
WQ ss/33033 2 ~ g I 3 ~ ~ - 12 - P~ ?~ ~
choline-derived cationic materials may also be prepared by the direct ~ of
a long chain fatty acid of the desired chain length together with 2 ! ' - ' -1, in the
presence of an acid catalyst material. The reaction product is then used to quaterni2e
, forming the desired cationic component.
Another type of particularly preferred cationic material, described in the
,;.lb~ VI e: referenced U.S. 4,260,529, has the formula:
R2 Rl
R3--o[(CHh~O]~(Z~ ZZ--(CH2)m ~ Rl X~
In the above formula, each Rl is a Cl to C4 alkyl or hJd~ " yl group,
preferably a methyl group. Each R2 is either hydrogen or Cl to C3 alkyl, preferably
o hydrogen. R3 is a C4 to C30 straight or branched chain alkyl, alkenyl, or alkylbenzyl
groupl preferably a Cg to C 18 alkyl group, most preferably a C 12 alkyl group. R4 is
a C1 to C1o alkylene or alkenylene group; n is from 2 to 4, preferably 2; y is from I
to 20, preferably from about I to 10, most preferably about 7; a may be 0 or 1, and t
may be 0 or 1, but t is I when a is l; and m is from I to 5, preferably 2. z2 isselected from the group consisting
Q O,
~ ,--O--, ~--O--,
~--, ~--C--,~ ~ and--~ ,.
zl is selected forln the group consisting of:
_c~.~ L
with at least one of z1 and z2 groups being ælected for~n the group consisting of
ester, reverse ester, amide or reveræ amide. X is an anion which makes the
compound at least water dispersible, and is selected from the group consisting of
halides, methyl sulfate, sulfate, and nitrate, particularly chloride, bromide, iodide,
methyl sulfate and sulfate. Mixtures of the above structures can also be used.
This particular type of cationic surfactant may be used in ~,.., ',
25 surfactant mixtures in the ~ .u- ~;.. - of the present invention in sarcosinate to
cationic ratios of from 5.1:1 to about 100:1, preferably from 5.1:1 to about 50:1,
most preferably from about 6:1 to about 40:1, especially from about 6:1 to about20:1. These surfactants, when used in the ~ -- of the present invention,
~wo 9S133D33 ~ T ~ r7
-- 1 3 . =
.
yield excellent particulate soil, body soil, and greasy and oil soil removal. In a~dition,
the detergent c.~ control static and soften fabrics laundered therewith, and
inhibit the transfer of dyes in the wash solution. Further, these cationic surfactants
are c,..~;., ".~, desirable, since both their long chain alkyl segments alld their
s nitrogen segments are ~ . r~.,.,1~1,1~
Preferred l ' of this type of cationic component are esters il1 which
Rl is a methyl group and z2 is an ester or reverse ester group. Particular examplcs
of these compounds are given below, in which t is 0 or I and y is from I to 20.
0 CH3
R3--O(CH2CH20)V(CH~ O CH.--CH2 ~l+--CH3X-
CH3
R3--O(CH2CH20)y--C--CH~+--CH X~
CH3
CIH3 0 C~H3
R3--O(CHCH20)y--C--C~ ~+ CH3X-
CH3
Cl H3 L C~H3
CH3
wo ss/33033 ~ A; P~ ~
2~f ~1~ 14-
O O CH3
R3{)(CH2CH20)y--C~cH2)t--C ~) ~H 2CH2 ~+--CH3X-
CH3
R3~(CH2CH2CH2CH20)y--C CH2~l+--CH X-
CH
O, CH3
R3--O(CH2CH2CH2CH2O)y~CH2)t~ ~ ~H2CH2~+~H3X-
CH3
~nd
R3--O(CH2CH2O)y--C--C =C el ~ ~H 2CH2 ~+ ~H3X-
The preferred derivatives, described above, may be prepared by the reaction of
a long chain alkyl polyalkoxy (preferably ~ul~ u~.p) .,~l,u~' , having an alkyl
chain of desired length, with ox~lyl chloride, to form the cu--~ r ' ~ acid chloride.
5 The acid chloride is then reacted with " b~' ' ' to form the appropriate
amine ester, which is then quaterr~ized with a methyl halide to form the desired ester
compound. Another way of preparing these compounds is by the direct; ~
of the appropriate long chain ethoxylated carboxylic acid together with 2 l ' '
or dimethyl ~ - ' l, in the presence of heat and an acid catalyst. The reaction
10 product formed is then quaternized with n.~LhJ" ' ' or used to quaternr~e
' ~' to form the desired ester compound.
(C) S ~ }~ ivllandrv~
Tbe c. ~ of the present invention comprise, by weight, from about 5%
to 100%, preferably from about lû% to about 95%, and most preferably from about
15 20% to about 90% of a mixture of the particularly defined sarcosinate and cationic
surfactants described 1.~ in the ratios stated. It is preferred that the
detergent f.~ ;.. contain at least about 1% of the cationic component;
otherwise, sufficient cationic surfactant may not be present in the wash solution to
provide the desired cleaning and . ' results. Further, preferred
20 .,....~ - do not contain more than about Iû% of the cationic component, due to
cost and commercial availability ~ullD;~e.~Liù.l~.
~ro 95133033 ~ ~. g 1 3 1 8 ~ lu r7~
- 15 -
ru~Lh~ ulc, the detergent .- herein, containing the l..,.~,;.lb.,fu~c
described ~GI~ GtiUlUC surfactant mixtures, along with other optional
detergent ~ . described hereinafter, are prefaably prepared in
accordance with formulation criteria analogous to those such as the "clou~l point"
s and Reduced Monomer Cu~,c.~LlaL;ul~ (CR) CIIGI G~,i.,. ;~L;L~ of the cationic sulfactant,
- as described in Murphy; U.S. 4,259,217; Issued March 31, 1981. This '217 i~atent is
UI IJUI Gt~d herein by reference in its entirety.
(D) Optional Deter~ent Cnmr~itinn Components
In addition to the oleoyl sarcosinate and cationic surfactants essentially utilized,
0 the detergent c.~ herein may also comprise a wide variety of lDptiOnal
ingredients. Such optional ingredients include optional additional detersive
surfactants, builders and other Cu.l._..i;u. GI detergent , adjuvants.
a) Optional Detersive Surfactants
The detergent ~ herein may optionally comprise fTom about
5 1% to 80% by weight of an additional non-sarcosinate, non-cationic dletersive
surfactant. Preferably such .. L~.J~ will comprise fTom about 5% to 50% by
weight of this optional surfactant. Optional detersive surfactants utilized c~ln be of
the anionic, nonionic, .. c, or ampholytic type or can comprise compatible
mixtures of these surfactant types. Optional detersive surfactants useful helrein are
described in U.S. Patent 3,6rJ4,961, Norris, issued May 23, 1972, U.S. Patent
3,919,678, Laughlin et al., issued Decamber 30, 1975, U.S. Patent 4,~.22,905,
CockTeii, issued September 16, 1980, and in U.S. Patent 4,239,659, Murph~r, issued
December 16, 1980. Ail of these patents are yu. G~cl herein by refaence.
Of these optional surfactants, anionics and nonionics are prefelTed and
2s ~ùl anionics are most preferTed. Such preferTed anionic surfactants can
thamselves be of several different types. For example, water-soluble salts of the
hjgher fatty acids, i.e., "soaps", are useful anionic surfactants in the r~- ~l - ';~---
herein. This includes alkali metal soaps such as the sodium, potassium salts and the
" ~' and " ' salts of higher fatty acids containing
fTom about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, and preferably fTom about 12 to about 18
carbon atoms. Soaps can be made by direct ~r -r " of fats and oiis or by the
of fTee fatty acids. PaTticulariy useful are the sodium and potassium
saits of the mixtures of fatty acids derived from coconut oii and taiiow, i.e., sodium
or potassium tallow and coconut soap. Soaps can aiso perform a buiider function in
3s the detergent ~ herein. Use of fatty acid soaps in the, , herein
wiii generaily result in a diminution of sudsing. This effect should be taken into
account by the formuiator.
Wo ss/33033 2 i 9 ~ r ~ l / L 5 ~
- 16-
Additional non-sarcosinate anionic surfactants which suitable for use
herein include the water-soluble salts7 preferably the alkali metal,
: " y' and ~ " ' salts, or organic sulfuric reaction products having
in their molecular structure an alkyl group containing from about 10 to about 20s carbon atoms and a sulfonic acid or sulfuric acid ester group. ( Included in the term
"alkyl" is the alkyl portion of acyl groups.) Examples of this group of synthetic
surfactants are a) the sodium, potassium and ' ' alkyl sulfates7 especially
those obtained by subfating the higher alcohols (Cg-CIg carbon atoms) such as those
produced by reducing the glycerides of tallow or coconut oil; b) the sodium,
10 potassium and ~ ' ' - alkyl pGI~ u~~ . sulfates, particularly those in which
the alkyl group contains from lû to 227 preferably from 12 to Ig carbon atoms7 and
wherein the Ul~ lU7~lG~c chain contains from I to 157 preferably I to 6 ethoxylate
moieties; and c) the sodium and potassium " yll,.,.~.,..., sulfonates in which the alkyl
group contains from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms, in straight chain or branched
chain fi~, , e.g., those of the type described in U.S. Patents 2,220,099 and
2,477,383. Especially valuable are linear straight chain "cjl~.,.~.,..~, sulfonates in
which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is from about 11 to 13,
abbreviated as Cll l3 LAS.
Preferred optional nonionic surfactants are those of the formula
Rl(OC2H4)nOH, wherein Rl is a Clo-C16 alkyl group or a Cg-C12 alkyl phenyl
group, and n is from 3 to about 80. Particularly preferred are ' products
of C 12-C 15 alcohols with from about 3 to about 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole
of alcohol, e.g., C12-C 13 alcohol condensed with about 6.5 moles of ethylene oxide
per mole of alcohol.
2s Additional suitable nonionic surfactants include pGI~JI~u~y fatty acid
amides of the formula
( ) IR~
R--C--N--Z
wherein R is a Cg 17 alkyl or alkenyl, Rl is a preferably a methyl ûr 3-
u~J group and Z is glycityl derived from a reduced sugar or alkoxylated
derivative thereof. Examples are N-methyl N-l-J~,u~y~lu~,;lyl cocoamide and N-
methyl N-l-d~,u~y~ ,;Irl oleamide and other C12-C1g N ' ~.g' ' See
WO 9,206,154. Other sugar-derived surfactants include the N-aL1~oxy
pulyhyLl~uf.y fatty acid amides, such as C1o-C1g N-(3 l~ v~ yl/~u~l) glucamide.
The N-propyl through N-hexyl C12-C1g glucamides can be used for low sudsirlg.
3s Processes for making pGl~ u~y fatty acid amides are known and can be found in
~WO 95/33033 2 1 9 1 3 1 g ~ t ~
-- 17 -
Wilson, U.S. Patent 2,965,576 and Schwartz, U.S. Patent 2,703,798, the disclosures
of which are ;--.,u. I,u. d~CI herein by reference.
b~ Detereent Builder
The detergent ~ herein may also optionaDy compri~se from
s about 0.1% to 80% by weight of a detergent builder. Preferably such ~
- in liquid form will comprise from about 1% to lû% by weight of the builderPreferably such ~ - in granular form will comprise from about
1% to 50% by weight of the builder component. Detergent builders are well known
in the art and can comprise, for example, phosphate salts as well as various organic
0 and inorganic . ' . ' u~ builders.
Water-soluble, , ' -, ' u~ organic builders useful herein incllude the
various aDkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium pu~
~,albUAyla~ pul~ albu~la~ andpbl~l.JIIu,..~sulfonates. Examplesofpol~yacetate
and pulr~albu~ builders are the sodium, potassium, lithium, ammoni~lm, and
substituted ammonium salts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, - - acid,
u,~yd;~.l..,;...., acid, mellitic acid, benzene puly~,alhu~l;., acids, and citric acid. Other
suitable pul.~,albw~' for use herein are the polyacetal ~,albu~ desc.ribed in
U.S. Patent 4,144,226, issued March 13, 1979 to Crutchfield et al., and U.S. Patent
4,246,495, issued March 27, 1979 to Crutchfidd et al., both of which are
20 ulcul~ula~cd herein by reference. Particularly preferred pol~_alhu~laLc builders are
the u~l'i and the ether carboxylate builder , comFlrising a
' of tartrate and tartrate disuccinate described in U.S.
Patent 4,663,û71, Bush et al., issued May 5, 1987, the disclosure of ~hich is
i.... ~,c,.~ ' herein by reference.
2s Examples of suitable, ,' ,' ... i., inorganic builders include the
silicates, ' " , borates and carbonates. Particularly preferred are sodium
and potassium carbonate, I,;w.L , ~ , tetraborate ~ ' , and
silicates having a weight ratio of SiO2 to alkali metal oxide of from about û.5 to
about 4.û, preferably from about l.û to about 2.4. Also preferred are
' ' including zeolites. such materials and their use as detergent builders
are more fully discussed in CorkiD et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,605,509, the disclosure of
which is I.u.~ herein by reference. Also, clystalline layered silicates: such asthose discussed in Corkill et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,605,509, ~,. ' }lerein by
reference, are suitable for use in the detergent , of the invention.
3s c). Conventional Detergent C~ i Ingredients
The detergent . u ~ of the present invention can also include any
number of additional optional ingredients. These include, ._...iu..al cletergent
WO 95~33033 2 1 9~ 1r 3 lr a
- 18-
such as suds boosters or suds suppressers, anti-tarnish and
anti-corrosion agents, soil suspending agents, soil release agents, germicides, pH
adjusting agents, non-builder alkaGnity sources, chelating agents, smectite clays,
hardness ions such as Ca~ and/or Mg~ cations, enzymes, enzyme-stabilizing
s agents and perfumes. (See U.S. Patent 3,936,537, issued February 3, 1976 toBaskerville, Jr. et al., the disclosure of which is ~,u,_~.J herein by reference.)
Dye transfer inhibiting agents and add optical brighteners may also be included.Chelating agents are described in U.S. Patent 4,663,071, Bush et al.,
from Column 17, line 54, through Column 18, line 68, ~Ju~d~d herein by
reference. Suds modifiers are also optional ingredients and are described in U.S.
Patents 3,933,672, issued January 20, 1976, to Bartoletta et al., and 4,136,045,issued January 23,1979, to Gault et al., both ~Ju~a~cd herein by reference.
Suitable smectite clays for use herein are described in U.S. Patent 4,762,645, Tucker
et al., issued August 9, 1988, column 6, line 3 through Column 7, Gne 24,
IJul aL~;J herein by reference. A preferred 1~ l- chelator for use herein
is ~:Lh~ '- disuccinate ("EDDS"), especiaDy the [S,S] isomer as described in
U.S. Patent 4,704,233, November 3, 1987, to Hartman and Perkins.
The detergent - .~ herein may optionally contain bleaching agents or
bleaching . containing a bleaching agent and one or more bleach
activators. When present, bleaching agents will typically be at levels of from about
1% to about 30%, more typically from about 5% to about 20%, of the detergent
.... especially for fabric laundering. If present, the amount of bleach
activators will typically be from about 0.1% to about 60%, more typically from about
0.5% to about 40% of the bleaching ~ comprising the bleaching agent-
2s plus-bleach activator.
While not essential to the detergent ~ ;- -- - of this invention, it is
preferable to include an enzyme component. Suitable enzyme , are
available from a wide variety of commercial sources. For example, suitable enzymes
are available from NOVO Industries under product names T-~ . . TM and
Savinase rM, and Gist-Brocades under product names MaxacallM and 1~
Included within the group of enzymes are proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases and
mixtures thereo The enzyme preferably should be from about 0% to
about 5%, more preferably from about 0.001% to about 2.5%, and most preferably
from about 0.01% to about 2%. Typically, proteases are used at an Activity Unit
(Anson Unit) level of from about 0.001 to about 0.05, most preferably from about0.002 to about 0.02, while amylases are used at an amylase unit level of from about 5
~Wo 95/33033 2`~ 9 1 3 1 8 P~,ll. . s. ~-7~
- 19-
to about 5000, most preferably from about 50 to about 500 per gram of dl tergent
Suitable examples of proteases are the subtilisins which are obtained from
particular strains of B subtilis and B. 1:..1....:r.... Another suitable protease is
s obtained from a strain of Bacillus, having maximum activity throughout the pH range
of 8-12, developed and sold by Novo Industries A/S under the registered trade name
ESPERASE. The preparation of this enzyme and analogous enzymes is described in
British Patent Sperifir~tinn No. 1,243,~84 of Novo. Proteolytic enzymes suitable for
removing protein-based stains that are 1U~ available include those sold
0 under the tradenames ALCALASE and SAVINASE by Novo Industries A/S
(Denmark) and MAXATASE by I~Lc~ iU..dl Bio-Synthetics, Inc. (The
N. ' ' ' ). Other proteases include Protease A (see European Patent Application
130,756, published January 9, 1985) and Protease B (see Europearl Patent
Application Serial No. 87303761.8, filed April 28, 1987, and Europeall Patent
Application 130,756, Bott et al, published January 9, 1985). Other proteaxe's include
Protease A (see European Patent Application 130,756, published January ~9, 1985)and Protease B (see European Patent Application Serial No. 87303761.8, filled April
28, 1987, and European Patent Application 130,756, Bott et al, published January 9,
1985). Other proteases include Protease A (see European Patent Application
130,756, published January 9, 1985) and Protease B (see Europearl Patent
Application Serial No. 87303761.8, filed April 28, 1987, and European Patent
Application 130,756, Bott et al, published January 9, 1985). Most preferred is what
is called herein "Protease C", which is a variant of an alkaline serine protease from
Bacillus, particularly Bacillus lentus. in which arginine replaced Iysine at poxition 27,
_s tyrosine replaced valine at position 104, serine replaced asparagine at posiltion 123,
and alanine replaced threonine at position 274. Protease C is described in EP
90915958:4; U.S. Patent No. 5,185,250; and U.S. Patent No. 5,204,015. Also
preferred are protease which are described in copending application U.S. Serial No.
08/136,797, entitled Protease-containing Cleaning C~ and copending
Application U.S. Serial No. 08/136,626, entitled Bleaching C ~ - Comprising
Protease Enzymes, which are IJu,~lcd herein by reference. Genetically modified
variants, particularly of Proteaxe C, are also included herein.
- (E) Deter~eent C , rv~
The detergent c~ according to the present invention can be in liquid,
3s gel or granular forms. Such - , can be prepared by combining the essential
and optional --- r in the requisite ~.o _ -1 Al;-- in any suitable ord~r and by
an cu...~ ;u"d means.
WO9~/33033 2 ~ 91 ~ ~ 8 1~1,1 s ~ ~
-20 -
Granular ~ . for example. are generally made by combining base
granule ingredients (e.g. surfactants, builders, water, etc.) as a slurry, and spray
drying the resulting slurry to a low level of residual moisture (5-12%). The
remaining dry ingredients can be admixed in granular powder form with the spray
5 dried granules in a rotary mixing drum and the liquid ingredients (e.g. enzymes,
binders and perrumes) can be sprayed onto the resulting granules to form the finished
detergent ~ , Granular f~ according to the present invention
can also be in "compact form", i.e. greater than about 600 BII In such case, thegranular detergent . according to the present invention wal contain a
o lower amount of "inorganic filler salt", compared to LU..~ granular
detergents; typical filler salts are alkali earth metal salts of sulfates and chlorides,
typically sodium sulfate; "compact" detergents typically comprise not more than 10%
filler salt.
Liquid detergent , can be prepared by admi~ing the essential and
15 optional ingredients thereof in any desired order to provide c~ ,u- ~ containing
~----r ' in the requisite ~ Liquid ~ according to the
present invention can also be in "compact form." In such case, the liquid detergent
according to the present invention will contain a lower amount of
water, compared to ..v.... ' liquid detergents.
r~o The , of the present invention are formulated so as to have a pH of
at least about 6.5, preferably greater than about 7 in the laundry solution at
cu...~ ' usage in order to optimize cleaning 1~, r on
greasy and oily soils; acidic wash solution pH's tend to decrease p~ . ' on suchSOaS. Preferably, the ~ - herein are more alkaline in nature when placed in
~s the laundry solution and have a pH of greater than about 7.5. Some of the
~l;ù~fiJb~ systems of the present invention will attain optimum removal of
greasy/oay soils at these higher pH's In such systems, overall ~..ru. may be
improved by varying the wash solution pH during the laundering process.
The .<-~ :';- should generally be free of Oay ~J~uw~bu~ materials, such
30 as many dry cleaning solvents, mineral oil, paraffln oil and kerosene, because these
materials (which are themselves oily in nature) load the washing liquor with excessive
oily material, thereby diminishing the cleaning ~ . "..,., of the ~ ; --- of
this invention.
The cationic component should also be free of ~J.' ' ' groups due to their
3s relatively high toxicity level which makes them unsuitable for use in the ~. ~l--~;~;--
oftbis invention~
~W095/33033 _ 21 _ ~191318 r~
Preferred , contain sarcosinate to cationic surfactant ratios of îrom
5.1:1 10 about 50:1, preferably from about 6:1 to about 40:1, particuiarly from al~out
6:1 to about 20:1. Greasy and oii soil remoYai is greatly enhanced at ratios ben1veen
about 8:1 to about 20:1, the , c,.. in l,..ru. generaily being most
- s noticeabie as the amount of sarcosinate is increased so that the ratio of sarcosinale to
cationic surfactant becomes greater than 5.1:1 and approaches 8:1.
(F) Fabric I ~nr~Prin~r An~ r~ " A~ prorrcc
The present invention aiso provides a process for laundering fabrics soiled lhith
greasy/oily stains or soil. Such a process employs contacting these fabrics witil an
lo aqueous washing solution formed from an effective amount of the deter~ent
c~,...l.c.~ - h~ b~ u~ described. Contacting of fabrics with washing solution
will generally occur under conditions of agitation.
Agitation is preferably provided in a washing machine for good cleaning.
Washing is preferably followed by drying the wet fabric in a ,U...~ ;ul~di clothes
15 dryer. An effective amount of the iiquid or granular detergent 1, in the
aqueous wash solution in the washing machine is preferably from about 500 to about
lOOûO ppm, more preferably from about 1000 to 30ûO ppm.
The detergent r , ' herein may aiso be used to pretreat fab~ ics
containing greasy/oily soiis or stains prior to washing such fabrics using Cu..~ ;ul~l
20 aqueous washing solutions. Such !,.ei.l involves the appiication of highiy
1 forms of the detergent ~ -. - herein directly onto the grerAsy or
oily stains or soils found on the fabric to be cleaned. For I , ' herein in
iiquid or gel form, this will generally involve the direct application of the
as is to the stain/soil on the fabric. For detergent ~ . herein in granular
2s form, y~cllc involves the application of an aqueous paste formed from sulch
granular products. Aqueous pastes of this type will generaily contain from about 1%
to 5û% water, preferably from about 5% to 20% water.
of greaSy/oily stains or soils will generaily occur for a period of
from about 30 seconds to 24 hours prior to washing the pretreated ! " "`' '
30 substrate in LU..~_...;U~I~d manner. More preferably, y.cl,~,,...~.., times will range
from about I to 180 minutes.
ExAMpT F.~
The following examples alustrate the ~ u- :~ ;....~ of the present invention bult
are not necessarily meant to limit or otherwise define the scope of the invention.
3s EXA~PT ~- I
, Several iiquid detergent r l,~ ;. are prepared. The fn~l~ irm for these
~ ~l c,~ - are set forth in Table 1.
W0 9~i/33a33 ~ 2:19~ 3 i ~ - 22 - r~l"~
T.ie~lirl Deter~ent Culllvua;~iu..~
Wt. %
Cûm-vonent ~ B C D
sOleoyl sarcosinate lû.0 9.0 3.0 10.0
P ' j' " yl ~,i.. ~h,' 5.0 - 2.3 ---
chioride
2co; yl i , --- 4.0 --- 3.
0chioride
C12-CIs Aikyl ethûxylated sulfate 13.0 14.0 14.0 15.0
C12-Cl4 N-methyl glucamide 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
C12-Cl4 Fatty alcohol ethoxylate 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
C12-Cl6 Fatty acid 9.0 6.8 14.0 14.0
15Citric acid anhydrûus 6.0 4.5 3.5 3 5
Diethylene triamine penta acetic 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0
acid (DTPP)
Mr~nn~ ' ~ 13.2 12.7 12.8 11.0
~i r12.7 14.5 13.1 10.0
20Ethanol 1.8 1.8 4.7 5.4
Enzymes (protease, lipase, ceDulase) 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0
Tc.~, ' ' ' -based polymer 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Boric acid 2.4 2.4 2.8 2.8
2-butyl-octanol 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
2s3DC 3421 R 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4
4FF 400 R
linopal UNPA-GX Brightener 0.075 0.21 -- ---
Tinopal 5BM-GX Brightener -- -- 0.21 0.075
Water ~ minors ., to 10u3
30ICulllllr_~ "J available as ADOGEN 444.
2Cc,.,.,.,~ available as ADOGEN 461.
3DC 3421 is a silicone oil ~Ullb....l '1~ available from Dow Corning.
4Is a silicone glycol emulsifier availabie ~om Dow Corning.
The , described in Table I are suitable for laundering fabrics soiled
3s with grease or oil using aqueous washing solutions formed from such ~
The ..~ of Table I are aiso especially effective for pretreating fabrics with
greasy or oily stains. To effect such ~l~Ll~aLl.~l~, greasy/oily stains and soiis on the
0 9S133033
-23 2191~18
.
fabrics are contacted with the full strength Table I liquid f.o...~ for 30 Ininutes
prior to washing the fabrics in a CU..._.Il;u~l fabric laundering process.
C.~ having ' "~ similar greasy/oily soil removal E~ ~
properties are realized when in the above, . the cationic surfact21nts arereplaced with an equivalent amount of decylalkyl ~.;I.. _;I~J' chloride,
decylalkyl i ',' ' hydroxide, C14 alkyl ~,;............ _~h,' clhloride,d;~ yl ~ ' chloride, I~;df~_~' " yl ',' ' chloride, a
mixture of methyl (I) tallowalkyl amido ethyl (2) tallowalkyl ' ' ' '' methyl
sulfate (VARISOFT 475) together with " yl ~ lIJ' f.,hloride
(ADOGEN 461) in a ratio of VARISOFT to ADOGEN of about 1:1, 3:3, 3:1, 2:3,
or 1:3, or a mixture of I ' '~J' " yl ~.i..,..l~.,: ' chloride with ~ ' " yl
~,;"._~h,' chloride in a ratio of palmityl to coconut compound of about
3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, or 1:3, or any surfactant ful~ to any of the following
formulae:
wo ss/33033 . ~! 1 g I 3 i ~ 24 1~ r
N-- H2
Cl8H37--C`+ f
N--CH2 C
CH3 ClsH37
Cl H3
HOH4C2--N--C2H4OH--cr;
C12H2~
R CH3
Cl7H3s--C--O--CH2CH2--N--CH3 13r~
CH3
Cl4H2g--O--C--CH2CH2--C--O--CH2CH2--111--CH3 cr;
Cl- CH:~H2--CH2~C~CH2)10l~--CH2CH2--1~+ CH3 cr;
5CH3 CH3
Cl H3
Cl2H2s--O(CH2CH20)~CH2--C--O--CH2CH2--N--CH3 ~r or
~H3
CloH2,--O(CH2CH2O)lo--C--CH2--N--CH3 cr
CH3
F~Ak~LE II
Seversl compsct grsnulsr detergent , are prepsred. The
0 I~ for these c.. ~ sre set forth in Tsble 11.
TABLE II
(` ' Deten~nt (~~", ,;"~
Wt.%
~, A ~ ~
15 Oleoyl ssrcosinate ~.8 6.1 10.2
F ' h, ' yl i , 1.0 ~ 1.0
SUBSTITUTE SHET (RULE 26)
~wos5/33033 -24/l-~ ,2~ ,3 ~ 8
chloride
2c~ . .. I j . ,, 1.2
chloride
CII-C14Linearallylbenzenesulfonate 6.17 ---
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
WO95/33033 2191318 r~l,.x . ~
25 -
C12-C1s Alkyl alkoxylated sulfate 4.0 ~
C12-C14 N-methyl glucamide . --- -- 1.0
C4s alkyl sulfate ~ ~ 3.00 3.00 3.00
C4s alcohol 7 times ethoxylated 4.00 4.00 4.00
sTaUowalcohol 11 timesethoxylated 1 80 1.80 1.80
Dispersant 0.07 0.07 0.07
Silicone fluid 0.80 0.80 0.80
Trisodium citrate 14.00 14.00 14.00
Citric acid 3.00 3.00 3.00
10Zeolite 32.50 32.50 32.50
Maleic acid acrylic acid copolymer 5.00 5.00 5.00
Cellulase (active protein) 0.03 0.03 0.03
Alkalase/BAN 0.60 0.60 0.60
Lipase 0.36 0.36 0.36
sSodium silicate 2.00 2.00 2.00
Sodium sulfate 3.50 3.50 3.50
Brightener 0.20 0.20 0.20
Water & minors -------Balance to 100%-------
ICu~ available as ADOGEN 444.
20 2C~ , available as ADOGEN 461.
The .,u,.,uc.,;Liu..~ described in Table TI are suitable for laundering fabrics soiled
with grease or oil using aqueous washing solutions formed from such
C~ , having ' '1~ similar greasy/oily soil removal I c~
properties are realized when m the above , ` the cationic surfactants are
2s replaced with an equivalent amount of decylalkyl i ~' chloride,
decylalkyl i ~' hydroxide, C14 alkyl i `,' chloride,
d;~ ' " yl .. ;.. ~,lhJ' chloride, I~ J~ '` yl ' ,' chloride, a
mrxture of methyl (I) tallowalkyl amido ethyl (2) tallowalkyl ' " methyl
sulfate (VARISOFT 475) together with ,,~. " yl i ' ,' chloride
30 (ADOGEN 461) in a ratio of VARISOFT to ADOGEN of about 1:1, 3:3, 3:1, 2:3,
or 1:3, or a mixture of I ' ~' " yl i ' ~' chloride with ,u- " yl
i ' ' J' ' chloride in a ratio of palmityl to coconut compound of about
3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, or 1:3, or any surfactant .,u.,~ -r ~- ~ to any of the following
formulae:
~vo gsl33033 219 13 l ~ , .
-26-
N H2
Cl8H3,--C`+
N--CH2 C
CH3~ \C H
ICH3
HOH4C2--N+ C2H4oH--Cl-
Cl2H25
1l CH3
Cl7H35--C--O--CH2CH2--Nl--CH3 ~r ;
Cl4H29--O--C--CH2CH2--C--O--CH2CH2--Nl--CH3 cr;
Cl CH~--CH2--CH2~--C--(CH2)l0--C~--CH2CH2~--CH3 cr;
CH3 CH3
~p CH3
C12H25--O(CH2CH20)~CH2--C--O--CH2CH2--Nl--CH3 1~ and
CloH21--O(CH2CH20)lo--C--CH2--N--CH3 cr
