Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
CA 02191629 2003-06-27
FASTI_?NER WITH NOVEL OUTSIDE CIRC."UMFERENCE
BACKGROUND TO THE I:NVEN'fI()N
This invention relates t:o a fastener used in any industry using fasteners in
the manufacturing
or assembly process.
Nuts currently on the market are six point (hexagonal) nuts. Due to their
configuration, which
closely resembles a circle, they arf; subject to wear and tear on the points
of the nut. This
condition can result in shearing of ~~ nut during an attempt to remove or
install the nut with a
socket wrench, or the Like.
At the present there are basically two wheel structures to allow the mounting
of a wheel to a car.
Firstly, a wheel may have a steel plane with 4 to 6 openings to receive the
bolts onto which the
nuts will thread. Secondly, a wheel may be manufactured of metal alloys. Such
a wheel may
have an interior support plate with four to six openings to receive the bolts
and an aligned
exteriorly facing flange with a like number of recessed cavity openings (of
different diameters
in different cars and models) for recc:~iving the nuts. There must also be
room in the cavities to
allow the socket drive to engage the nut and turn freely.
Due to the different sizE;s nuts in different car models, it is required to
carry on between 8 to 12
different nut sizes and corresponding socket drives
Also, at the present time the nuts usv:,d for fastening the wheel to a car are
six point nuts made
of steel or alloy composition, and due to the friction and ''wear and tear",
specifically on the
points of the nut, there is a risk of shearing of the nuts by the driving
socket. It is time
consuming and costly to remove a damaged nut from the bolt. This invention
seeks to reduce
the likelihood of shearing.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIOhI
A fastener has a hexagonally-shaped section. At least three of the six sides
of the hexagonally-
shaped section have an axially extenc:ling ridge. Each ridge may radially
projecting, may extend
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medially of a side of the section, and may have a rectangular parallelepiped
shape.
According to the present invention, there is provided a fastener comprising: a
hexagonally-
shaped section with at least three of the six sides of said hexagonally-shaped
section having an
axially extending ridge, each said ridge having a rectangular parallelepiped
shape.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a nut
comprising: a
hexagonally-shaped section with at least three of the six sides of said
hexagonally-shaped
section having an axially extending ridge, each said ridge extending medially
of a side of said
section, and having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tool
for a threaded
fastener having a hexagonally-shaped section with at least three of the six
sides of said
hexagonally-shaped section having an axially extending ridge, said tool
comprising: a cavity
having a hexagonal shape with an axially directed channel extending in each of
the six
bounding faces of said cavity, said channel creating a rectangular
parallelepiped void.
Further uses and advantages will become apparent from the ensuing description
and drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the figures which illustrate example embodiments of the invention,
figures 1 a and 1b are perspective views of nuts made in accordance with
embodiments
of this invention,
figures 2a and 2b are perspective views of nuts made in accordance with
embodiments
of this invention,
figures 3a and 3b axe cross-sectional views of the nuts of figures 1 a and 1b,
respectively,
figures 4a and 4b are side views of a wheel installed with the nuts of figures
la and 2a,
respectively,
figure Sa is a plan view of a known nut,
figures Sb and Sc are plan views of the nuts of figures 1 a and 2a,
respectively,
figure 6 is a top and side view of the nut of figure 1 a,
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figure 7is a top and side view of the nut of figure 2a,
figure 8 is a top and side views of the nut of figure 1 b,
figure 9 is a top and side view of the nut of figure 2b,
figures 10a, l Ob,. l Oc, and lOd are thread systems utilising the nut of
figure 1b,
figure 11 illustrate a thread system utilising the nut of figure 1 a,
figure 12 illustrate a thread system utilising the nut of figure 2a,
figure 13 illustrate a thread system utilising the nut of figure 1b,
figure 14 illustrate a thread system utilising the nut of figure 2b,
figure 1 Sa is a side and top view of a fastener made in accordance with
another
embodiment of this invention,
figure 1 Sb is a perspective view of the fastener of figure 1 Sa,
figure 16a is a side and top view of a fastener made in accordance with
another
embodiment of this invention,
figure 16b is a perspective view of the fastener of figure 16a,
figure 17a is a side and top view of a fastener made in accordance with
another
embodiment of this invention,
figure 17b is a perspective view of the fastener of figure 17a,
figure 18a is a side and top view of a fastener made in accordance with
another
embodiment of this invention,
figure 18b is a perspective view of the fastener of figure 18a,
figure 19a is a plan view of a tool made in accordance with this invention,
figure 19b is a plan view of another tool made in accordance with this
invention, and
figure 19c is a plan view of another tool made in accordance with this
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The improvement to a prior nut occurs by implementing the following principles
for the
improvement to the nut.
1. The increase of the outside circumference of the nut in relation to the
bolt's outside
circumference using the FRICTION and LEVERAGE principles will substantially
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increase torque on the outside circumference of the bolt for easier removal of
the nut
from the bolt.
2. The changed configuration of the outside circumference of the nut, under
the friction
principle, will create a slip-free grip for a drive socket or wrench, used in
the removal
of the nut.
3. With an ordinary nut, the ope~~ator must apply considerable pressure on the
drive socket
or wrench to keep it from slipping from, or jumping off, the nut when removing
it from
the bolt. This problem is a~nc~liorated with the new nut so that the operator
can
concentrate on applying the proper tension to the nut, during the installation
or removal
process. This will result in less breakage to the surfaces to which the nut is
applied, and
will also be faster.
With reference to figures 5B and SC, the new nut 16, 116 has a hexagonal head
30 with outside
protruding additions (ridges) 5(> on iws sides. Each of these additions may
have a length which
is 33.5% oh the length of the side :-'..6 from which it protrudes. Further,
the height of each
addition may be 33.5% of the length ofthe side from which it protrudes.
rfhe nut outside surface circumference is increased by a minimum 20% with the
addition of 3
protruding additions to the surface of the nut (figure 513). The addition of 3
additional double
protruding additions of 90 degree angle to the outside surface of the nut will
increase the grip
on the nut by the tools used in removal of the nut by 100% or more.
A further increase of the nut: outside surface circumference by a minimum of
40% from the
standard six point nut is achieved by the addition of 6 new protruding
additions to the surface
of the nut (figure SC). 'The addition oi:~ 6 new double protruding additions
of 90 degree angle
to the outside surface of the nut will increase the grip on the nut by tools
used in removal of the
nut by 200% or more.
The invention will relate to all usag~~.s in the car industry where nuts are
used or may be used.
In this application the advantages are apparent for mounting of the wheel to
the car specifically
-- or may also be used in any other assembly process.
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As illustrated in figures 4a and 4b, the new nut design may have application
to both of the
two known types of wheel structures. Figure 4a shows the side view of a tire
10 with a steel
plate 12 for installation of wheel 14 showing a 20 mm diameter nut 16 on a 10
mm diameter
bolt 18. Figure 4b shows side view of tire of alloy composition tire plate
showing 32 mm
diameter cavity 20 in the wheel plate 22 and within the cavity a 20 mm
diameter nut 316 on
a 10 mm diameter bolt 18.
Where the nut will be used with a wheel with a steel plate (figure 4a), either
the nut 16 of
figure 1 a or the nut 116 of figure 2a will be used. Where the nut will be
used with a wheel
of alloy composition with nut cavities, either the nut 216 of figure 1 b or
the nut 316 of
fiugre 2b will be used. Nuts 216 and 316 have a disk 24 with the same height
as the cavity
opening which ensures that, as shown in figures 8 through 10, the grippable
head 30 of the
nut projects beyond the wheel plate 22. This means that there is no need to
leave space in
the cavity to accommodate a socket wrench (as indicated in figures 10a and
10b). Instead
(as indicated in figures lOc and 10d), the grippable head of the nut may be
enlarged.
Indeed, the nut 216, 316 may have a diameter of 40 mm.
Figure Sa shows a top view of a 20 mm diameter standard 6 point nut used with
a standard
mm diameter bolt.
Figure Sb shows a top view of a 20 mm diameter nut used with a standard 10 mm
diameter
bolt with three protruding additions 50 at 90 degree angle from the outside
circumference of
the nut, enlarging its outside circumference by 20%+ from standard nut.
Figure Sc is a top view of a 20 mm diameter nut on standard 10 mm diameter
bolt, showing
6 protruding additions 50 at 90 degree angle from the outside circumference of
the nut,
enlarging the outside circumference of the nut by 40%+ from a standard nut.
Figure la and 11 show a nut 16 with a head 30 with 3 protruding additions 50
at 90 degree
angle (the top edge of the nut being bevelled, as is best seen from figure 6).
The nut, absent
the additions, has a 20 mm diameter and can be mounted on a 10 mm diameter
bolt. The
nut may be driven by the 30 mm diameter driving socket of figure 19c -showing
the
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configuration of the 6 protruding additions in the driving socket with opening
for the nut
within its cavity of same height as the height of nut. Alternatively, the nut
may be driven by
the wrench of figure 19a.
Figure 2a shows a nut 116 with 6 protruding additions 50 at 90 degree angle to
the outside
circumference of the nut. The nut may be driven by a 30 mm diameter driving
socket of
figure 19c with 6 protruding additions in the configuration of the nut shape
in the cavity
opening of the driving socket, this cavity being of same height as the height
of.the nut.
Figure 1b shows a nut 216 similar to that of figure la. The only difference is
in a disc 24 of
15 mm in diameter, added below the head 30 of the nut. This nut may be driven
by the
socket of figure 19b so that the cavity opening of the socket is equal to the
height of the nut.
Figure 2b shows a nut 316 similar to that of figure 2a. The only difference
being a disc 15
mm in diameter, added to the bottom of the nut. This nut may also be driven by
the socket
of figure 19b.
With reference to figure 1 a, due to its configuration with 3 protruding
additions at 90 degree
angle from the surface of the outside circumference of a standard hexagonal
nut, the nut of
figure 1 a will lock in to a drive socket with a slip-free grip. This will
allow unobstructed
rotation of the driving socket in the cavity in the process of removal and
installation of the
nuts on and from the bolts.
With reference to figure 2a, due to its configuration with 6 new protruding
additions at 90
degree angle from the surface of the outside circumference of a standard
hexagonal nut, the
nut of figure 2a will lock in to a drive socket with a slip-free grip. This
will allow
unobstructed rotation of the driving socket in the cavity opening in the
process of removal
and installation of nuts on and from the bolts.
The increase of the outside circumference of a standard hexagonal nut (of
figure Sa) by 20%
(with the nut of figure la) and by 40% (with the nut of figure 1b) in
proportion to the
outside circumference of a 10 mm diameter bolt will additionally increase the
torque on the
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bolt. This will result in less time needed to remove the nut from the bolt in
the installation
or removal of the wheel. This will also result in safer working conditions for
the installer.
All cars using steel plates in wheels and wheels having cavity openings up to
32 mm in
diameter in the alloy plates may be serviced by only one size nut of figure 1
a and 2a of
nominal 20 mm diameter (prior to the increase in diameter occasioned by the
protrusions
50) and only one size socket driver of 30 mm diameter.
All cars that also have plates in wheels made of alloy material and having
cavity openings
larger than 30 mm diameter will be serviced by the new nut of figures 1b and
2b with an
added disc of the same height as the height of the nut added to the bottom of
the nut. This
will permit the 1 S mm added extension of the nut with the nut in the socket
cavity to turn
the nut extension unobstructed on the bolt in the cavity opening of the wheel
rim plate.
The nut for engaging a threaded bolt 18 will always be precut to the same size
thread as the
thread on the bolt, at a thread angle not larger than 2-3 degrees between
subsequent threads
to provide maximum torque on the bolt's outside circumference. This, according
to the
leverage principle, will increase torque in the ratio of 40 to 1 on the nut's
outside
circumference, for the power supply source.
The fasteners of figures 15, 16, 17, and 18 are identical to the nuts of
figures la, 2a, 1b, and
2b, respectively except that each of the fasteners incorporates a threaded
shaft 60.
All of the above nuts (fasteners) and driving sockets will be manufactured by
the same
process of forging and treading used in manufacturing.
With implementation of the changes to the outside circumference of the nut as
shown in any
assembly or manufacturing process, in addition to all else, the new nut will
require only one
size of the nut and one size of driving socket for installation and removal of
the nuts.
With addition of the bolt to the nut, in forging process, the new unit can be
used in all
manufacturing assembly processes.
The changes to the outside circumference contour of the nut will require:
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~ less time for installation;
~ less cost of manufacturing of nut by elimination of unnecessary sizes by the
use of only
one nut size;
~ less consumption of electricity due to the time saving; and
~ lower installation cost.
Other modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art and,
therefore, the invention
is defined in the claims.
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