Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
2 ~ 4 9
Treatment Medium for Tissue PaPer,
Method of M~k; nq Tis~ue PaPer U~inq the Treatment Medium and
It~ U~e
The current invention relates to a treatment medium for
increasing the softness of tissue paper, a process for
producing tissue paper and products made of it using this
treatment medium as well as the use of the treatment medium.
Softness is an important property of tissue products
such as handkerchiefs, cosmetic towels, toilet paper,
napkins, and also hand towels or kitchen towels and
describes the feeling the tissue paper produces when it
comes into contact with skin.
As described in the Wochenblatt fur Papierfabrikation
[Weekly Newsletter for Paper Manufacturing], no. 11/12,
1988, p. 435 in the article "Weichheit und Weichmachen von
Hygiene-Tissue" ~Softness and Softening of Hygienic Tissue],
although the term softness is in fact generally understood,
it is extremely hard to define since there are no physical
analysis methods, and because of this, there is also no
recognized industry norm as a st~n~rd for classifying
various grades of softness.
In order to really be able to detect softness, it must
be determined by means of a subjective method, i.e. it is
determined by means of a so-called panel test in which a
number of trained test people make a comparative assessment.
PCT/EP95/03588 -1-
4 Q
Softness can be subdivided by its main characteristics,
surface softness and crush softness:
Surface softness describes the sensation felt when
lightly caressing the surface of the tissue sheet with the
fingertips.
Crush softness is understood to be the sensory
impression produced by a compressed tissue during the
process of compressing it with the hands.
The usual steps taken to produce or improve the
softness of a tissue paper can be divided into three main
categories:
1. Choice of raw materials, in particular of the cellulose,
2. Technical machine steps (e.g. beating, sheet formation,
drying, and creping, smoothing), and
3. Chemical additives and auxiliary materials.
Tissue papers require different properties depending on
their intended use. Kitchen towels and to a greater degree,
hand towels, require high absorbency and strength,
particularly strength when wet, in order to meet the demands
of the consumer. In other products such as handkerchiefs or
facial tissues, softness of the surface and very favorable
smoothness are outst~n~;ng properties, which in addition to
strength, determine the usefulness of these products. In
toilet papers, a combination of dry strength in addition to
favorable softness and appearance of thickness are decisive
in usefulness and consumer acceptance.
For the paper maker, it is a particular challenge to
bring the different, often conflicting influence factors
into a particular balance in order to constitute from these
the Qptimal combinations of properties dem~n~ed by the
consumer for the end products sought.
PCT/EP95/03588 -2-
~ ~ Q 1~ ~ 4 ~
It is a sign of the times that improving softness is
one of the most important demands for the paper maker today
and cuts across all product areas in the field of hygiene
-articles. Properties like softness of a tissue product are
determined in their basic development by means of the
manufacturing process and the choice of raw materials and
auxiliary materials, as has already been discussed above.
Independent of its different variants, the tissue
manufacturing process includes the following technical
process steps: Suspension of the fibrous material in water,
gradual addition of chemical additives for deliberately
influencing product properties and the course of the
process, activation of the fiber surfaces to develop the
strength potential of the fibrous raw material by means of
mechanical treatment such as beating in a refiner, sheet
formation by depositing the fibers in oriented or randomly
oriented fashion on one or between two endlessly revolving
wires of the paper making machine while at the same time
~...Jving most of the dilution water until dry contents
between 12 and 35% are reached, and drying of the primary
fibrous web formed in one or a number of steps using
mechanical and thermal methods until a final dry content of
approximately 93 to 97~ is reached. The steps which are the
most relevant for the production of tissue additionally
include the creping process, which in the conventional
process exerts the ~om;n~nt influence on the properties of
the finished tissue product. In the dry creping process
predom;n~ntly in use today, with the above-mentioned final
dry content of the raw tissue paper, the creping occur~ on a
drying cylinder that normally has a diameter of 4.5 to 6 m,
the so-called yankee cylinder, with the aid of a creping
ductor. In older processes with lesser d~m~n~ on tissue
quality, the wet creping process is also used, which
progresses similarly to the dry creping process,
PCT/EP95/03588 -3-
2 ~
but at lower dry contents below 80%, usually from
approximately 55 to 65~ dry content, with a subsequent
drying on ensuing drying cylinders of a drier section until
the final dry content is achieved. In a subsequent step,
the creped, completely dried raw tissue paper (raw tissue)
is rolled onto a carrying core into a so-called reel or, cut
longitll~; n~l ly, is rolled onto sleeves into master rolls and
is available in this form for further processing into
finished products.
To produce multi-ply tissue papers, such as
handkerchiefs, toilet paper, hand towels, or kitchen towels,
in many cases, an intermediary step is carried out with the
so-called doubling in which usually the raw wadding (raw
tissue) is unwound in a number of reels that corresponds to
the desired number of plies of the finished product and is
wound onto a common, multi-ply master roll. Frequently a
smoothing or calibration in double roller or multi-roller
smoothing calenders is included in this processing step.
The smoothing (calibration), though, can also be carried out
in the tissue manufacturing r~ch;ne after the drying and
creping has been carried out, directly before the tissue is
put on rolls.
The refining process, for example into folded products
such as handkerchiefs or cosmetic towels (facials) is
carried in subsequent, separate work cycles in special
processing machines built for the purpose, which include
processes such as repeat smoothing of the tissue, edge
embossing, partially combined with a gluing over its entire
area or at certain points to produce a ply adhesion of the
individual plies (raw tissue) to be bonded to one another as
well as longitudinal cutting, folding, cross cutting,
depositing and combining of a number of individual towels
and packing them into so-called towel packs or special
decorat~ve boxes as well as combining them into larger
multi-packs or bundles. In lieu of the edge embossing,
PCT/EP95/03588 -4-
ply adhesion can also be produced by means of milling, as is
customary e.g. with cosmetic towels.
In addition to the described, conventional tissue
manufacturing process, particularly in the USA, and today in
increasing quantities in Europe as well, modified processing
techniques are used that, by means of a particular type of
drying inside the tissue machine, achieve an improvement of
the specific volume and thus an improvement of the crush
softness of the tissue manufactured in this ~-nner These
processes, which exist in various subclasses, are called TAD
(Through Air Drying) processes (through flow drying). Their
feature is that before the final contact drying on the
yankee cylinder, the "primary" fibrous web leaving the sheet
formation is pre-dried to a dry content of approx. 80% by
virtue of the fact that hot air is blown through the fibrous
web. The fibrous web is supported and conveyed by means of
an air-permeable wire or belt during its transport over the
surface of an air-permeable, rotating cylinder drum. By
structuring the support wire or the belt, an arbitrary
pattern can be produced in zones that are compressed and
loosened by means of deformation in the moist state, which
zone~ lead to increased, average, specific volumes and in
connection with this, to an increase in the crush softness
without the strength of the fibrous web falling below the
level required for the intended use. A further possibility
for influencing strength and softness in raw tissue
production is comprised in the use of a layering in which a
specially constructed headbox builds up the primary fibrous
web to be constituted in the form of materially dissimilar
layers of fibrous material, which are jointly supplied to
the sheet formation as a stream of material. In the use of
layering, fibrous webs comprised of two, three, or more
layers belong to the prior art, for example DE 43 47 499-C.
PCT/EP95/03588 -5-
4 ~
._
By means of suitable raw material selection in the conduits
of the headbox discharge nozzle which determine the
layering, for example the use of eucalyptus fibers on the
side of the web oriented toward the surface of the yankee
cylinder, the surface softness can be significantly
increased which benefits products made using raw tissue
manufacturing.
It is furthermore known to use chemicals in the form of
applying a lotion to the-raw tissue during the raw tissue
manufacturing process, plying, or subsequent processing, for
the purpose of iu~Lu~ing softness. In cosmetic usage, the
term "lotion" i~ generally understood to include aqueous or
aqueous/alcoholic preparations with emulsifying substances.
In particular, the use of aqueous solutions or emulsions of
polyhydroxy compounds such as glycol or polyethylene glycol
or the use of polysilox~n~s is described for the purpose of
improving tissue softness. Up till this point, though, it
has not been known that a significant increase in softness
can be produced as a synergy effect of mixing a polysiloxane
with a polyethylene glycol in an aqueous emulsion.
The use of polysiloxanes as treatment mediums for
improving tissue softness is described in the patent
literature. However, it has not been previously disclosed
that a significant increase in softness can be produced as a
synergy effect of the use of a mixture of a polysiloxane
with a polyhydroxy compound, e.g. polyethylene glycol or
glycerine in aqueous emulsion, as a treatment medium for
tissue. WO 90/09807 relates to a tissue product which
comprises at least one tissue layer, wherein this tissue
product contains 0.1 to 5 weight percent in solids of a
silicone compound. In this instance, for example, this is
preferably an aqueous emulsion and/or solution of~these
silicone compounds. US patent 4,950,545 logically follows
from this patent application.
PCT/EP95/03588 -6-
4 ~
-
EP 0 347 154-A relates to a tissue paper with a basic
weight of 10 to 65 g/m2 and a density of no more than 0.6
g/ml, wherein this paper contains cellulose fibers and a
poly~iloxane material, wherein the quantity of polysiloxane
is at least 0.004% in relation to the dry (fiber) weight of
this fibrous web. The subject of US patent 5,059,282 that
follows from this is correspondingly limited to a tissue
paper with a basic weight of 10 to 65 g/m2 and a density of
no more than 0.6 g/ml, wherein this paper contains cellulose
fibers and an effective content of a polysiloxane material,
wherein the polysiloxane mentioned is uniformly applied to
the outwardly directed faces of the tissue paper, wherein
this effective content of polysiloxane is 0.004% to 2~ in
relation to the dry (fiber) weight of the tissue paper,
wherein this polysiloxane has a viscosity of 25 centistokes
and more, and after an aging period of two weeks after its
production, has a wetting time of no more than 2 minutes. A
manufacturing process for a paper of this kind is the
subject of EP 347 153-A or the corresponding US patent
5,215,626.
WO 93/02252 relates to a manufacturing process for soft
tissue paper with the order of operations of a sheet
formation from an aqueous suspension (wet laying) of
cellulose fibers to form a fibrous web (web material~,
drying of the web material by increasing the temperature of
the web material to at least 43~C, creping of the web
material at a temperature of at least 43~C, treatment of the
web material at a temperature of at least 43~C with a
sufficient quantity of a polysiloxane so that 0.004% to
0.75% of this polysiloxane remains in this web material in
relation to the dry (fiber) weight of this tissue paper,
wherein this tissue paper has~-a basic weight of 10 to 65
g/m2 and a density of less than 0.6 g/m3. According to a
PCT/EP95/03588 -7-
4 ~
preferred embodiment, a water soluble tenside can be added,
among other things, at the same time as the polysiloxane.
This subject i8 also described in US 5,059,282-A.
W0 94/05857 relates to a process for applying a
chemical paper manufacturing additive to a dry tissue paper
web (tissue paper web material, raw tissue), wherein this
process is characterized in that it includes the following
steps:
The provision of a dry tissue paper web material, the
dilution of a chemical paper manufacturing additive with a
suitable solvent to constitute a diluted chemical solution,
the application of this diluted chemical solution on a
heated transfer surface, the partial evaporation of the
solvent by means of the transfer surface to form a film that
contains this paper manufacturing additive, and the transfer
of the film from the heated transfer surface to the surface
of the tissue web material, also characterized in that a
sufficient quantity of the chemical paper manufacturing
additive is produced in such a way that in relation to the
dry (fiber) weight of this tissue web material, 0.004 to 2'~
of this chemical paper manufacturing additive re~-; n~ in
this tissue web material. Preferably this paper
manufacturing additive is understood to mean softening
agents and mixtures of them, preferably softening agents
that are selected from lubricants, plastifying agents, and
mixtures of them, wherein these lubricants are
polysiloxanes. If a chemical softening agent is desired
that is intended to serve primarily as a plastifying agent,
then it can be selected from a group of chemicals that among
other things, includes polyethylene glycol, for example
polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 400. US
5,246,546-logically follows from this patent application.
DE 28 00 132-A relates to a soft, flexible skin
cleansing article with a web that has a wiping surface
PCT/EP95/03588 -8-
4 ~
and a low density wiping zone, wherein the wiping surface
represents a border of the low density wiping zone, the low
density wiping zone is dirt permeable and has a number of
hollow spaces disposed in and under the surface, and wherein
the low density wiping zone is treated with approximately 10
to 150% lipophilic cleansing emollient in relation to the
weight of the web. Among other things, the term lipophilic
cleansing emollient also includes silicone oils and nonionic
tensides.
DE 34 20 940-C relates to a means for cleansing and
wiping the circllr~n~l region, cont~;n;ng at least one oil
selected from the group of plant oils, ~n;~l oils, and
~ynthetic oils, characterized in that it contains a silicone
oil as an additional component.
EP 0 459 501-A relates to a process for reducing the
static load and the damage during a wet-on-wet printing
process, which is characterized in that a silicone polymer
emulsion that has a particle size of greater than 200 nm, a
cationic tenside, and a nonionic tenside are deposited on
the paper.
Furthermore, there are known patents, for example
US 5,312,522-A, that describe the use of a mixture of
polyethylene glycol with quaternary amines (cationic
tensides) as a treatment medium.
Thus DE 034 47 499-C relates to a non-drying cleansing
towel, which is characterized in that an emulsion is
deposited on a carrier material, which emulsion is comprised
of at least one moisture regulator, preferably polyethylene
glycol, and at least one other fluid substance.
PCT/EP95/03588 -9-
4 ~
.._
It is furthermore known to use an anionic tenside,
a nonionic tenside, or mixtures of them as softeners in the
manufacture of soft tissue paper.
EP 03 47 177-A relates to a proce~s for manufacturing
soft tissue paper, which includes the following steps:
Sheet formation from an aqueous suspension (wet laying)
of cellulose fibers to form a fibrous web, application of a
sufficient quantity of a water soluble, non-cationic tenside
in such a way that in relation to the dry (fiber) weight of
this tissue paper, 0.01 to 2~ of this non-cationic tenside
is retained by the web, wherein this application is carried
out at a fiber consistency of 10 to 80~ as well as the
drying and creping of the web, wherein this tissue paper has
a basic weight of 10 to 65 g/m2 and a density of less than
0.6 g/m3.
EP 0607796-A relates to a nonwoven that contains an
organosilicone compound, wherein the impL~ve~ent is
comprised in that the organosilicone compound contains 45 to
98 wt.~ of a water soluble or water dispersible polyether
polysiloxane, wherein the polyether groups are 30 to 100
mol.~ comprised of ethoxylene units and propoxylene units as
residue and the polysiloxane block contains 10 to 100
siloxane units, 1 to 20 wt.~ of a water soluble or water
dispersible organopolysiloxane with at least one ~r~on; um
group, which is attached to the carbon atom, and 1 to 20
wt.~ water or a water soluble alkylene glycol.
The object of the present invention is to prepare a
polysiloxane-containing treatment medium for tissue paper
products for improving softness, wherein it is irrelevant
which of the raw tissue manufacturing and processing methods
described above has been used to make the tissue product
according to the invention. A treatment medium of this kind
is obtained through a mixture of
PCT/EP95/03588 -10-
t~ ~ 4 ~ -
particular quantities of at least one polyhydroxy compound,
excepting natural or chemically modified natural polymers,
in particular a polyethylene glycol that i8 fluid at room
temperature and/or glycerine as a further component, a
percentage of a polysiloxane as well as possibly up to
25 weight percent water. The application of a mixture of
this kind surprisingly leads to a considerably improved
softness of tissue products (synergy effect) in comparison
to a purely polysiloxane application as well as in
comparison to a pure application of polyethylene glycol or
glycerine.
Consequently, the subject of the present invention is a
polysiloxane-containing treatment medium for tissue paper
products, in particular in the form of a lotion, that is
characterized in that it contains 25 to 95 parts by weight
of at least one polyhydroxy compound, excepting natural or
chemically modified natural polymers, in particular at least
one polyethylene glycol that i8 fluid at room temperature
and/or glycerine, 5 to 75 parts by weight polysiloxane, and
0 to 35 parts by weight water in relation to 100 parts by
weight of this mixture.
In the context of the current compound, the polyhydroxy
compound is understood to mean a low molecular or
macromolecular organic compound that contains two or more
hydroxy groups in the molecule. By definition, these
polyhydroxy compounds, which are also called polyols,
include polyvalent alcohols such as glycerine, polyethylene
glycols, pentaerythrite, sugar alcohols such as tetride,
Pentite, hexite, etc., in particular, threite, erythrite,
adonite, arabite, xylitol, dulcitol, mannitol, and sorbitol,
carbohydrates such as D(+)-glucose, D(+)-fructose, D(+)-
galactose, D(+)-mannose, L-gulose, saccharose, galactose, or
maltose, and synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol.
PCT/EP95/03588 -11-
4 ~
_
An arbitrary water soluble and/or water dispersible
compound that is fluid, pasty, or waxy at room temperature
(20~C) can be used as a polysiloxane component. The
'polysiloxane component used for the purposes of the current
invention includes polymers, oligomers, copolymers, and
other polyronoreric siloxanes. The term polysiloxane is
understood below to mean any polymeric, oligomeric, or other
multiple monomeric siloxane material. Furthermore, the
polysiloxane material can have a linear-structure, a
branched structure, or a cyclical structure.
According to a preferred embodiment, the polysiloxane
component has ~onor~ric siloxane units with the following
structure:
I
(1) ------ Si -- O ------
R
wherein R1 and R2 are the ~ame or different for each
r~nor-ric siloxane unit and each is an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl,
alkylaryl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl, halogenated hydrocarbon or
other type of group. Each of these groups can be
substituted or unsubstituted. Rl and R2 groups of each
particular ~o~or~ric unit can differ from the corresponding
functional groups of the next attached monoreric unit.
Furthermore, these groups can be straight chained as well as
branched, or can have a cyclical structure. Furthermore and
independently of each other, the groups Rl and R2 can be
other silicone groups, but are not limited to siloxanes,
polysiloxanes, and polysilanes' The groups Rl and R2 can
furthermore contain a large number of organically functional
groups, for example alcohol, carbonic acid, and amino-
functional groups.
PCT/EP95/03588 -12-
2 ~ 4 ~
-
The degree and type of substitution produce the
relative degree of softness, silky feel, and hydrophilic
nature that is imparted to the tissue paper structure. In
general, the degree of softness and of silky feel, which is
produced among other things by the polyRiloxane, increaRes
provided that the hydrophilic nature of the substituted
polysiloxane component decreases. Amino-functional
polysilo~Anes and polyether polysiloxanes are particularly
preferable as the polysiloxane component in the treatment
medium according to the invention.
Preferable polysiloxanes include linear organo-
polysiloxane compounds with the following general formula
Rl R7 Rg R4
(2) R2 - Si - O [- Si - O I l_ Si - O I - Si - R5
R3 R8 a R1o b R6
where independently of one another, the Rl to Rg groups are
respectively C1 to C1~ unsubstituted alkyl or aryl groups and
R1o is an arbitrarily substituted Cl to C10 alkyl or aryl
radical. Preferably, each R1 to Rg group, independently of
the others, is a Cl to ClO unsubstituted alkyl group. It is
known to an expert in this field that it makes no great
difference whether for example Rg or R1o is the substituted
group. Preferably the mol ratio of b to (a+b) is between 0
and 20%, preferably between 0 and 10~, and in particular
between 1 and 5%.
According to a particularly preferable embodiment, R
to Rg are methyl groups and Rlo is a substituted-or
unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, or alkenyl group. Materials of
this kind are generally referred to here as
PCT/EP95/03S88 -13-
4 Q
-
polydimethylsiloxanes, which have a particular functionality
as they are used in the current instance. E-xamples of this
kind of polydimethylsilox~nes can be: polydimethylsiloxanes
such as Dow Corning~ 200 fluid, polydimethylcyclosilanes
such as Dow Corning~ 344 and 345, polydimethylsiloxane
having an Rlo alkyl hydrocarbon group and a
polydimethylsiloxane with one or more amino, carboxyl,
hydroxyl, ether, polyether, aldehyde, ketone, amide, ester,
thiol, and/or other R10-functional groups, including alkyl
and alkenyl analogs of thi~ kind of functional groups. For
example, an amino-functional alkyl group such as Rlo can be
an amino-functional or an ~;no~lkyl-functional
polydimethylsiloxane. The exemplary numbering of these
polydimethylsiloxanes does not mean that others that are not
specifically mentioned here are excluded from this.
The vi~cosity of the polysilo~ne~ used as a component
in the treatment medium according to the invention can vary
over a wide range, as long as the polysiloxane rer-; n-q fluid
and can be liquefied for use in the treatment medium
according to the invention for application to the tissue
paper. This is under~tood for example to be viscosities of
25 x 10-6 m2/s to 20,000,000 x 10-6 m2/s or even higher. In
this connection, viscosities of 15,000 x 10-6 m2/s to
3,400,000 x 10-6 m2/s are preferable. As a component of a
treatment medium according to the invention, highly viscous
polysilo~n~ that are not pourable in and of themselves can
be applied in an effective ~nner to tissue paper by virtue
of the fact that for example, the polysiloxane component is
dissolved according to the invention in PEG, glycerine,
water, or a mixture of them, emulsified together with a
tenside, or the polysiloxane, provided that it is not
soluble in PEG, glycerine,-or water, is dissolved by means
of a solvent such as hexane.
PCT/EP95/03588 -14-
-
~ 7~ 4 ~
._
Special methods for applying the polysiloxane component
to tissue paper are discussed below.
The above-mentioned polysiloxane components are
described for example in US 2,826,551-A, US 3,964,550-A, US
4,364,837-A, US 4,395,454-A, US 4,950,545-A, US 4,921,895-A,
and British patent 849433. Furthermore, the monograph
"Silicon Compounds", pp. 181 - 217, published by Petrarch
Systems, 1984, contains an extensive listing and description
of this kind of polysiloxanes.
According to another preferred embodiment, as the
polysiloxane component in the treatment mediums according to
the invention, polyether silo~nes can be used which have
the general, average formula:
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
13) R12 - sio - [ - sio - ] I sio - I si - Rl2
CH3 R12 CH3 CH3
a b
in which Rl2 groups in the molecule are the same or
different and an alkyl group with 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a
polyether group (CnH2nO)X R13, wherein R13 i8 a hydrogen,
hydroxyl, alkyl, or acyl group and n has a numerical value
from 2 to 2.7 and x has a numerical value from 2 to 200,
with the stipulation that at least one of the R12 groups in
the average molecule is a polyether group; a has a numerical
value from 0 to 98, b has a numerical value from 0 to 98,
and a + b i~ 8 to 98. R12 can be an alkyl group having 1 to
12 carbon atoms or a polyether group. However, the
requirement must be met that at least one R12 in the average
molecu~e is a polyether group. Preferably 2 to 5 of the R12
groups are polyether groups and
PCT/EP95/03588 -15-
-
the rem~;n;ng Rl2 groups then signify an alkyl group,
wherein the methyl group is particularly preferable. The
alkyl group, though, can also have up to 12 carbon atoms.
In this manner, it i~ possible to vary the properties of the
treatment medium and to thus improve work on tissue paper
products. The polyether groups correspond to the formula
(CnH2nO)XRl3. The index n has a numerical value from 2 to
2.7. In general, the ether group is comprised of a number
of ethoxylenes and possibly propoxylene groups. If the
index n i8 2, then the polyether group is comprised
exclusively of ethoxylene units. If the numerical value of
n increa8es, then the percentage of propoxylene groups
likewise increase~. The numerical value of n = 2.7 means
that 70% of the polyether groups are propoxylene groups.
The index x signifies the number of alkoxylene units.
Thi~ value is an average numerical value since a mixture of
the products of varying chain lengths us usually obtained in
the synthesis of polyethers. The index x has a numerical
value from 2 to 200 and is preferably disposed between 10
and 50. Polyether groups with an average molecular weight
of 600 to 4,000 are preferable. The index a signifies the
number of methylsiloxane units that are carried by the R12
group. The index b corresponds to the number of dimethyl-
siloxane units. While a and b can asRume a value from 0 to
98, the requirement must be met that the sum of a + b has a
value of 8 to 98. If a = 0, then the polyether group or
groups are connected on the end. The siloxanes with
positive values for a are modified by means of the Rl2 side
ch~in~. Siloxanes in which the R12 groups are disposed in
the side chain are preferable. The R13 group can be
hydrogen, hydroxyl, alkyl or also acyl. Preferably, R13 is
a hydrogen atom. If Rl3 is an alkyl group, then low alkyl
group~ having 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferable.
PCT/EP95/03588 -16-
The acetyl group is the preferred acyl group.
According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the
polysiloxane component according to the invention has the
following formula.
CH3 CH3 CH3
(4) Rl4 - SiO - sio - si - Rl4
I I I
CH3 CH3 c CH3
wherein Rl4 is a group with the formula
16
(5) - Rls - N~ - Rl8 ~ X
R
17
in which R15 i8 a divalent hydrocarbon group whose carbon
chain i8 interrupted by an oxygen atom, Rl6, Rl7, and Rl8 are
the same or different and represent alkyl groups having 1 to
18 carbon atoms, of which one of the groups Rl6, Rl7, and Rl8
is a -(CH2) 3 NHCORlg group in which Rlg has an alkyl group
with 7 to 17 carbon atoms and X- has a monovalent anion and
c has a numerical value from 5 to 100. Rl5 is a divalent
hydrocarbon group, for example the group having the formula
-CH2-C(OH)H-CH2-O-(CH2)3-. The Rl6, Rl7, and Rl8 groups can be
the same or different and are alkyl groups having 1 to 18
carbon atoms. However, one of the above-mentioned groups
Rl6~ Rl7, and Rl8 can also signify a (CH2)3 NHCORlg group.
If the Rl6, Rl7, and R1~ groups are alkyl group~, then
they have 1 to 18 carbon atoms. Rl4 groups are particularly
preferable in which two of the above-mentioned Rl6, Rl7, and
Rl8 groups have 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the third group has
PCT/EP95/03588 -17-
~Q~ ~4~
-
up to 18 carbon atoms. If one of the Rl6, R17, and Rl8 groups
i8 a (CH2) 3 NHCORlg group, then the Rlg group is an alkyl
group with 7 to 17 carbon atoms. X~ i8 a monovalent anion,
in general an acetate group. However, X can also be an
anorganic group such as Cl-.
The index "c" indicates the number of dimethylsiloxy
units in the linear siloxane and has a numerical value from
5 to 100 and preferably from 10 to 80. Of the above-
mentioned silo~nes~ this kind of polydimethylsiloxanes as
well as for example polyether groups, alkyl groups, and
polydimethylsilo~nes modified with quaternary or betaine
groups, in particular nitrogen groups.
Particularly preferable polysilo~n~s are the
organically modified silo~nes, which have distinct surface
and interface activity in aqueous and organic systems, and
are sold under the name Tegopren~ by Th. Goldschmidt AG.
These are polyethersilox~ne~, as sold by Th.
Goldschmidt AG in the company brochure "Tegopren~
Information", undated, under the trade names Tegopren~ 3012,
Tegopren~ 3020, Tegopren~ 3021, Tegopren~ 3022, Tegopren~
3070, Tegopren~ 5830, Tegopren~ 5840, Tegopren~ 5842,
Tegopren~ S843, Tegopren~ 5847, Tegopren~ 5851, Tegopren~
5852, Tegopren~ 5863, Tegopren~ 5873, Tegopren~ 5878,
Tegopren~ 5884, and Tegopren~ 7006 and usually have average
cloud points in the range of 25~C to 71~C, as well as
modified siloxanes in the form of Tegopren-silicone
quaternaries and betaines, as sold under the names Tegopren~
6920, Tegopren~ 6922, and Tegopren~ 6950.
In the context of the current invention, the term
ti~sue paper or for short, tissue, is understood to mean all
types of creped papers produced from aqueous dispersion that
have a weight per unit area between 10 and 65 g/m2.
PCT/EP95/03588 -18-
~Q~ ~4~
According to thé invention, the term tissue papers covers
the entire realm of creped raw papers, also called raw
tissue, in particular the area of dry-creped raw tissue
papers, independently of whether single or multi-ply, as
well as all single or multi-ply end products made of these
creped raw papers, such as handkerchiefs, facial and
cosmetic towels, toilet papers, kitchen towels, hand towels,
and napkins. Furthermore, the term tissue paper must be
seen as independent of the fiber raw material to be used, in
particular independent of whether the fiber raw material is
produced exclusively or pre~o~;n~ntly of true celluloses in
accordance with the sulfate or sulfite process, or is used
in a mixture with chemo-thermo-mechanical wood materials
(CTMP), or whether the fiber raw material used is derived
from a secondary fiber preparation process and therefore the
fiber raw material required for tissue production is
entirely or partially comprised of "recycled fibers".
In order to distinguish from so-called web materials
(no~ ovens), it should be noted that while the pre~o~;n~nt
use of natural, that is plant-based cellulose fibers that
have been broken down by the paper manufacturer is indeed
characteristic for the production of tissue paper, a
proportional use of cellulose fibers that have been modified
through conversion in a range from 10 to 50~ or even a use
of plastic fibers suited to paper manufacture in a
proportion of 10 to 30~ falls under the above-mentioned
definition of the term tissue. A use of the treatment
medium according to the invention can be analogously
transferred beyond the realm of tissue manufacturing to
corresponding areas of the nonwovens field and the textiles
field.
According to a preferred embodiment of the current
invention, the binary, polysiloxane-cont~;n;ng
PCT/EP95/03588 -19-
X ~ 4 ~ -
-
treatment medium according to the invention can be comprised
of 5 to 75 parts by weight (or wt.%) of at least one above--
mentioned polysiloxane and 25 to 95 parts by weight (or
wt.~) of the above-mentioned polyethylene glycol. In this
treatment medium, though, it is preferable to use 10 to 70
parts by weight polysiloxane, in particular 40 to 60 parts
by weight polysiloxane, and as a further component, 30 to 90
parts by weight, but in particular 40 to 60 parts by weight
of the above-mentioned fluid polyethylene glycol.
According to another preferred embodiment of the
current invention, the treatment medium is comprised of 5 to
75 parts by weight (or wt.%) of at least one polysiloxane
and 25 to 95 parts by weight (or wt.%) glycerine. In this
case, a treatment medium i8 also preferable that has 10 to
70 parts by weight, preferably 40 to 60 parts by weight of
at least one poly~iloxane, and 30 to 90 parts by weight, in
particular 40 to 60 parts by weight glycerine.
Polyethylene glycol and glycerine can be exchanged in
arbitrary amounts in the treatment mediums according to the
invention. But mixtures of polyethylene glycol and
glycerine can also be used, in particular for economic
reasons, wherein for example the mixture proportions come to
20 to 80 wt.% or parts by weight, preferably 30 to 70 wt.
or parts by weight of the above-mentioned polyethylene
glycol and 20 to 80 wt.~ or parts by weight, preferably 30
to 70 wt.~ glycerine.
According to a preferred embodiment of the current
invention, the treatment medium according to the invention
contains 30 to 90 parts by weight of at least one
polyhydroxy compound, in particular of at least one
polyethylene glycol that is fluid at room temperature and/or
a glycerine, 10 to 70 parts by weight p-olysiloxane, and 1 to
30 parts by weight water in relation to 100 parts by weight
of this mixture.
PCT/EP95/03588 -20-
-
In this connection, it is particularly preferable that
a ternary treatment medium of this kind-contains 20 to 70
parts by weight of at lea~t one polyhydroxy compound, in
particular at least one polyethylene glycol that is fluid at
room temperature and/or a glycerine, 30 to 70 parts by
weight polysiloxane and 5 to 25 parts by weight water in
relation to 100 parts by weight of thi~ mixture.
According to a preferred embodiment, in addition to the
two organic components, water is an additional component.
The treatment mediums according to the invention are then
comprised of 5 to 75 parts by weight of at least one
polysiloxane, 25 to 95 parts by weight of at least one
polyhydroxy compound, in particular of the above-mentioned
polyethylene glycol, and 1 to 30 parts by weight water in
relation to 100 part~ by weight of the above-mentioned
mixture.
With this ternary mixture that has polyethylene glycol
as one of the components, a mixture i8 used that is
comprised of 30 to 90, in particular, though, 40 to 60 parts
by weight polyethylene glycol, 10 to 70 parts by weight,
preferably 40 to 60 parts by weight polysiloxane, and
preferably 5 to 25 parts by weight water in relation to 100
parts by weight of these two above-mentioned components.
Furthermore, it is particularly preferable to use 15 to
24, preferably 17 to 22 parts by weight water per 100 parts
by weight polyethylene glycol.
According to another preferred embodiment that has
glycerine as one of the components, it is preferable to use
an at first binary mixture of 30 to 90, in particular,
though, 40 to 60 parts by weight glycerine, 10 to 70 parts
by weight, preferably 40 to 60 parts by weight polysiloxane,
and 1 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 25 parts by
weight water in relation to 100 parts by weight of the two
mixtures mentioned above. Moreover, it is particularly
preferable to use 23 to 32 parts by weight, preferably 25 to
PCT/EP95/03588 -21-
4 ~
-
30 part~ by weight water per 100 parts by weight glycerine.
In addition to~these above-mentioned components, the
treatment medium according to the invention can contain, as
additional ingredients, cosmetic substances with special
properties as well as other, conventional auxiliary
materials. In this connection, for example active
substances for the skin should be mentioned, which are based
on vit~m; n~ or plant extracts, such as extracts of horse
chestnut seeds, birch, arnica, cAms~;le, or even bisabolol,
carob, cucumber, aloe vera, or hamamelis, which are in part
also known because of their astringent and therapeutic
action.
Other materials that should be mentioned in this
connection are skin care ~ubstances, for example sorbitan
fatty acid esters and ethoxylated homologous compounds of
glycerine, esters from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, fatty
alcohol alkanolamides, ethoxylated fatty alcohols,
ethoxylated wool fat alcohols, glycerine monostearate,
stearic acid, cetylstearyl alcohol, vaseline, and lanolin.
In addition to lanolin itself, lanolin derivatives can also
be used, such as lanolin alcohols or wool wax alcohols,
which Union Car~ide, Inc. sells, in combination with
mineral oils, under the name Amerchol0. For example, the
series 400, BL, C, CAB, U9, L99, L111, L500, and RC are
known in this connection. Other lanolin derivatives are the
acetylated lanolins as well as hydrophilic lanolin
derivatives, for example lanolin polyoxyethylene compounds.
Hydrotropic solubilizers for fatty substances, such as
polyalcohol ethers and ethoxylated fatty alcohols can be
used as other additives for the treatment medium according
to the invention.
Another group, which can be used as an additive
component in the treatment medium according to the invention
is the group of quaternary ~mon; um compounds, in
particular, though, quaternary ammonium salts of the kind
PCT/EP9S/03588 -22-
4 ~
'_
disclosed for example in US patents 5,312,522, 5,397,435,
-5,405,501, and 5,427,696, as well as the international
patent applications WO 95/11344, WO 95/11343, WO 95/01478,
WO 95/01479, WO 94/29521, WO 94/29520, WO 94/16143, and WO
94/19381. Furthermore, the usual type of scents can be
added, which are selected from scents that are natural,
identical to the natural, or synthetic, wherein the
corresponding aromatics are preferable. For example, these
can be citrus oils such as lemon oil, bergamot oil, orange
oil, petitgrain oil, conifer oils, cut hay fragrance
compounds or blossom oils such as rose, jasmine, lilac,
lavender, as well as synthetic aromatics based on menthol,
etc. An overview is given by Ullman Enzyklopadie der
technischen Chemie tUllman's Encyclopedia of Technical
Chemistry], vol. 20, pp. 190 - 185.
Furthermore, correspon~;ng anorganic pigments or
organic colorants of the kind that are usually used in
tissue paper manufacturing can also be added together with
the treatment medium according to the invention. In this
connection, not least for ecological reasons as well,
colorants that are physiologically harmless and non-
irritating to the skin are preferable, particularly the
corresponding natural colorants. The treatment medium
according to the invention can contain all of the above-
mentioned additives and auxiliary materials, both
individually and in combination.
The above-described treatment medium for tissue paper
products is deposited in an application quantity in the
range from 0.01 to 15 weight percent, preferably 0.5 to 10
weight percent, most preferably 2 to 6 weight percent with
regard to the dry weight of the fibers.
Preferably a single or multi-ply, preferably at least
two-ply and especially preferably, a three or four-ply,
embossed or non-embossed tissue paper is used as the carrier
material on which the treatment medium is intended to be
PCT/EP95/03588 -23-
4 ~
applied. The individual paper sheets can be mechanically
attached to each other through edge embossing or milling,
glued over it~ entire area or at certain points, or can also
connected to each other in another way. Furthermore, a
weight per unit area range of 10 to 40 g/m2, preferably 14
to 30 g/m2, in particular 15 to 25 g/m2, most preferably
15.5 to 17.5 g/m2 has turned out to be preferable for the
individual sheets. In particular applications, though,
heavier or lighter papers with weight per unit area ranges
from 8 to 65 g/m2 have turned out to be useful.
According to another preferred embodiment, the carrier
material can also be wet bonded, wherein the usual wet
strength agent that i8 harmless from a health standpoint is
used, such as epichlorohydrin resin, urea formaldehyde
resin, melamine formaldehyde resin, and cros~-linked
cationic polyalkylene ~m; ne~ .
In a preferred embodiment, the treatment medium, which
exists in the form of an emulsion, can be deposited on the
carrier material with any arbitrary roller and spray
application process or in an impregnation process. In this
connection, attention must always be paid that a separation
of the emulsion cannot occur, i.e. that during depositing,
the components of the treatment medium must be thoroughly
mixed in order to prevent a separation. This occurs, for
example, by means of high sheer forces produced, for
example, by rapid agitators, frequent recirculation, or via
a thorough ultrasound mixing.
The treatment medium, which can be used to achieve a
noticeably improved softness of tissue products can be used
in an extremely broad range of product fields. It has
turned out to be particularly advantageous to use on
napkins, toilet paper, hand towels, kitchen towels,
handkerchiefs, cosmetic towels and makeup Le~ vdl towels,
for example.
PCT/EP95/03588 -24-
4 ~
-
The above-mentioned composition of the treatment medium
is calculated so that at the atmospheric humidities that
normally prevail in the ~nnll~l mean, during the period of
use by the consumer, skin irritations cannot arise due to
water content (drying out due to the hygroscopic properties
of polyethylene glycol or glycerine), even with long-term
use. Also, a reclosable package that is sealed against
water vapors is no longer necessary.
The conditioning solution can be added both in the wet
section of a tissue paper machine (wadding machine), at the
end of the wire section, before or inside the press section
(mechanical water removal), i.e. at solids contents between
20 and 50~ as well as in the drier section disposed after
the press section at solids contents of 40 to 97~ dry fiber
weight. Charge points on the transfer wire/belt, e.g.
before the web transfer in a TAD apparatus as well as the
supplying onto the moist fibrous web after its transfer onto
the transport (dry) felt are the prior art in a conventional
one or two-ply tissue manufacturing machine. Moreover, it
is also prior art to supply conditioning chemicals in the
spray application onto the yankee cylinder.
It is preferable to add the treatment medium in the
tissue manufacturing machine by means of spray application
onto the pope reel winder to form a film of treatment medium
and to subsequently transfer it onto the tissue sheet during
the reeling process - wherein usually the already creped
'tissue sheet", as a result of the previous drying process
on the yankee cylinder, still has a residual temperature
between 20~C and approximately 70~C, which is favorable for
the distribution of the treatment medium and its penetration
into the raw tissue -, onto the contact surface of the
single-ply tissue sheet with the surface of the carrying
drum of the pope reel winder. In addition to a spray
application via a nozzle bar, the
PCT/EP95/03588 -25-
22~ 4Q
_
use of spinning rotors or brush assemblies can also be
considered as well as the indirect transfer of a film of
treatment medium via roller application devices. The
application can also occur directly on the tissue paper
sheet. It is particularly preferable to add the treatment
medium inside the combiner or inside the processing machine,
on the outer plies of the sheet that has been combined into
a multi-ply sheet, before or during the
calibration/smoothing. The most preferred is the
application of the treatment medium onto the single-ply or
multi-ply sheet inside the processing machine.
The current invention, therefore, relates to a process
for manufacturing soft tissue paper products, which is
characterized in that a treatment medium of the kind
mentioned above has been applied or deposited in a quantity
of 0.01 to 15~ onto the tissue sheet inside the wire press
section and/or drier section or outside the ti6sue making
machine in the combiner or processing machine, that is, at a
fiber density of 20 to 97~ with regard to the dry fiber
weight of the sheet and after the application, the fibrous
web undergoes a resmoothing.
According to a preferred embodiment, the tissue paper
products are obt~;ne~ in such a way that a polysiloxane-
containing treatment medium of the type mentioned above is
applied in a quantity of 0.01 to 15~ onto the tissue sheet
or the fibrous web following the drier section in the tissue
paper machine and particularly preferably, inside the
combiner or inside the processing machine and after the
application, the fibrous web undergoes a resmoothing. It is
particularly preferable, though, if the above-mentioned
polysiloxane-cont~;n;ng treatment medium is applied in a
quantity of 0.5 to 10~ to the single-ply sheet at a fiber
density of 35 to 97~ with regard to the dry fiber weight of
the single-ply sheet. It is particularly preferable to use
a multi-ply sheet as the tissue sheet and to apply the
PCT/EP95/03588 -26-
4 ~
treatment medium in a quantity of 1 to 7~ to at least one of
the outer plies of the multi-ply sheet at a fiber density of
more than 90~ with regard to the dry fiber weight. It is
particularly preferable to apply the treatment medium in a
quantity of 3 to 6% to ~he multi-ply tissue sheet.
Within the scope of the above-mentioned process, it is
preferable that the resmoothing is carried out by means of
at least one pass of the tissue sheet through a gap of a
pair of rollers, in which a roller having a steel surface is
associated with an opposing roller having a steel, plastic,
paper, or rubber surface, but preferably a plastic surface.
Preferably, thi8 i8 carried out in 8uch a way that the
resmoothing occurs by means of a double passage of the
tissue sheet through a gap of a pair of rollers in which
first, a roller having a steel surface is associated with an
opposing roller having a plastic surface and then in mirror
image fashion, a roller having a plastic surface is
associated with an opposing roller having a steel surface.
The resmoothing of the tissue sheet following the
depositing of the treatment medium therefore usually occurs
in such a way that the tissue sheets sprayed on both sides
are conducted through a smoothing calender. This smoothing
calender is generally comprised of two smooth rollers having
steel surfaces (steel rollers), whose surfaces are for the
most part hard chrome plated. These rollers are
hydraulically or pneumatically pressed together or for
calibration, are driven with a gap. This means that one or
both of the rollers is in a stationary position. The second
or opposing roller is pressed against a stop so that the two
steel rollers cannot touch, but remain at a particular,
measurable and reproducible distance from each other. The
tissue sheets conveyed through this gap are compressed to
the gap thickness and are smoothed in the course of this.
In so doing, the structural constitution of the surface is
stan~rdized, i.e. a uniform thickness i8 produced.
PCT/EP95/03588 -27-
4 ~
Consequently, a smoothing occurs by means of an evening out
of the surface in connection with a hG...oye~lizing of the
thickness profile within the premise of as low a volume loss
as possible.
Normal influence factors on smoothing are the line
force, the surface temperature of the partially heated
rollers, the nip width, and the nip number (number of
smoothing calenders). An over~iew of this can be found in
the articles in "apr Europen, 3 (1991), pp. 121 to 123,
"J.J.A. Rodal Tappi Journaln, vol. 76, no. 12, pp. 63 to 74,
and the overview by E. Wei~hun and H. Holik, in "Das Papier"
[Paper], vol. 38 (1984), no. lOA.
In lieu of the two steel rollers that make up the
smoothing calender, a so-called soft smoothing calender can
also be used. In this connection, a steel roller having a
plastic surface is pressed against a smooth steel roller. A
smoothing calender of this kind is supplied, for example, by
Kusters Maschinen GmbH. These soft smoothing calenders are
known as MAT online smoothing calenders, among other things.
Another soft smoothing calender having a steel roller and an
opposing roller having a plastic surface is the NIPCO-MAT
smoothing calender from ~ n~ Kusters Maschinenfabrik,
Krefeld (see Wochenblatt der Papierfabrikation [Weekly
Newsletter of Paper Manufacturing] 13/91, pp. 491 to 498.
Rollers of this kind are described in detail in DE 3445890
and EP 0273185.
Furthermore, in lieu of the two steel rollers that make
up the smoothing calender, a smoothing calender can also be
used where in combination with a steel roller or steel
opposing roller, a roll-er or opposing roller is used which
has a rubber or paper surface.
An overview of conventional resmoothing processes is
given by German patent 1804418, German patent disclosure
2455895, German patent 2528803, EP 0033559-A, USP 2,179,057,
USP 3,337,388, British patent 827735, as well as German
PCT/EP95/03588 -28-
4 ~
patents 822228 and 1045783.
The current invention finally relates to the use of the
above-mentioned polysiloxane-cont~ n; ng treatment medium for
softening tissue paper products, in particular
handkerchiefs, cosmetic towels, makeup .em~v~l towels,
napkins, toilet paper, hand towels, and kitchen towels.
The current invention is explained in detail below in
conjunction with exemplary embodiments.
Example 1:
In the laboratory, a treatment solution comprised of 32
weight percent polyethylene glycol, molecular weight 200, 60
weight percent of the polysiloxane Tegopren~ 3021, a
polyethersiloxane from Th. Goldschmidt AG, which compound
has a cloud point of 38~C, as well as 8% water thoroughly
stirred in a quantity of 6%, was sprayed onto the paper
handkerchief (finished product) with a weight per unit area
of approximately 4 x 15.5 g/m3 at a dry fiber content of 92
to 97~ dry fiber weight, and the paper handkerchief
underwent a resmoothing. The application wa~ carried out
symmetrically on the external surfaces of this finished
towel. The product thus obtained was labeled A.
Exam~le 2:
The application process according to example 1 was
repeated, but in lieu of a ternary mixture, a binary mixture
of 50 weight percent polyethylene glycol, molecular weight
200 and 50 weight percent of the polysiloxane according to
example 1 was used. The sample thus obtained was labeled B.
PCT/EP95jo3588 -29-
4 ~
-
ComParison Test 1:
~ The process according to example 1 was repeated, but in
lieu of the ternary mixture according to the invention, the
pure polysiloxane according to example 1 was applied in a
quantity of 6~ and the product thus obtained was labeled C.
~s~r~rison Test 2:
The proceRs according to example 1 was repeated, but in
lieu of the ternary mixture according to the invention, a
pure polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight 200 was
applied in a quantity of 6~. The product thus obtained was
labeled D. All the towels from examples 1 and 2 as well as
the comparison tests 1 and 2 were reproducibly resmoothed in
a 2-roller (steel/plastic) ~moothing calender under
identical conditions (speed, temperature, compression).
The tactile properties of the products A and B
according to the invention were compared with the
corresponding tactile results of the comparison products C
(pure polysiloxane) and D (pure polyethylene glycol) (PEG)
and these product~ were evaluated within the framework of a
so-called panel test (in accordance with the "M~nll~l on
Sensory Testing Methods", ASTM, Special Technical
Publication 434, p. 22; "Testform D-Ranking Methods - Rank
Order", Elevents Printing, Feb. 1993). In so doing, the
increasing softness, defined here as the sum of surface
softness and crush softness was assessed by a group of 9
people according to the following process:
The paper handkerchiefs to be tested were folded in
half twice so that the test person could not recognize the
samples and in each instance, the same external side is
presented for evaluation. The towels folded thus were given
to the test people with instructions to
PCT/EP95/03588 -30-
4 ~
take the folded towels between the thumb, the ball of the
thumb, and the finger and to test them with regard to
surface softness and crush softness by rubbing and crushing
them and then to lay the towels in a row according to
increasing subjective perception of ~uality. The samples
were evaluated in the order from 1, i.e. the best, to 4,
i.e. the worst.
In the test, it turned out that 7 out of the 9 test
people described the products A and B according to the
invention as very good with regard to softness and described
them as definitely softer than the comparison products C and
D. In contrast, only one of the 9 test people found product
D to be softer than product A according to the invention,
and one of the 9 test people found the comparison product C
to be softer than the products A and B according to the
invention. The panel test furthermore demonstrates that the
products A and D according to the invention are
significantly better in regard to crush softness and surface
softness than the comparison products C and D.
The results of this panel test are reproduced in the
following table:
PCT/EP95/03588 -31-
4 ~
,
~ # ~ ~I
a~
#
~'
# ~ '
r
#
_
# S~ ~ '
#
# ~ --I ~r N
~1
# N ~1
,y O O O O
~ ~ ~ ~ O O
s~ m -i ,
~ ~ ~
.
' C
~0 3 0
~ m ~ m
C O m
C~ o~ I o ~,~
o
~ 0 o n q~ u~
o ~ ~ : ~ ~s,
m ; ~,
- ~ C
p, ~ ~ X ~ ~ ~
m
-
i
In addition to this first in-house panel test, an
independent consumer test was carried out with 160 people.
On this occasion, samples having a lotion composition of
polyethylene glycol/polysiloxane/water at a ratio of
72/10/18 with a 3% application quantity were judged to be
definitely softer than a corresponding comparison sample
with pure siloxane. Here, in turn, the polyfiiloxane
described in example 1 was used as the polysiloxane and the
polyethylene glycol described in example 1, having a
molecular weight of 200, was used as the polyethylene
glycol.
PCT/EP95/03588 -33-
