Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
CA 02288695 1999-11-09
SPECIFICATION
STRUCTURE MEMBERS AND A METHOD OF JOINTING THE SAME
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to structure members constituting
pillars and beams of buildings, more particularly to a technical field for
jointing structure members made of concrete and a material similar to
concrete. The structure members are used for ordinary building, bridges,
sand guard structures, piles, utility-line poles, etc.
BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY
The structures in the fields of earth working and building are generally
made mainly materials of timbers, reinforced concrete and steel frames, and
which are however not a little resorting to manual working in the site
thereof.
Particularly, jointing parts between beams and beams, beams and pillars are
complex in a construction thereof, and stress is applied much to such jointing
parts, and which leads to frequent manual working if they are finished with
sufficient quality. Among them, in case of the structure members concreted
in the site, the manual operation and technical workers are required when
constructing the jointing parts. However, there are found many buildings
which are roughly constructed owing to the labor short, high aging of the
technical workers, and further a low-cost consciousness. On the other hand,
as is reported in Hanshin (Osaka, Kobe and neighborhood) great earthquake
which occurred on January of 1995, 30 to 40 % of the buildings in Kobe city
which were built a decay ago have collapsed owing to the construction error
although such buildings were constructed by the technical workers.
Meanwhile, it is evident that the buildings which are built recently are
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deteriorated in quality since it is built by the technical workers whose level
are lower than those of the decay ago.
In addition to the deterioration of the quality, the design of the building
per se has been simplified recently. Accordingly, sonorous buildings like the
medieval European buildings are not found recently, which makes a city
space bleak. If the design of the construction is not excellent, people are
neither relax nor feel at ease, which lowers the level of culture, resulting
in
devastation of cities.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide structure members
enabling even ordinary workers except technical workers to joint beams and
beams and beams and pillars with ease, and capable of constructing sonorous
buildings, and it is another object of the present invention to provide a
method
1 S of jointing the structure members.
To achieve the above objects, the structure member of the present
invention is usable to pillars or beams and formed of a hollow tube made of
concrete or a material similar to concrete, wherein the hollow tube has an
irregular portion on an inner surface thereof. Each irregular portion on the
inner surface may have a helical shape or an inner formwork may be
embedded in the inner surface. Further, the hollow tube may have an
attachment portion to which an attachment is fixed or may have an
aesthetic irregular portion respectively provided at an outside thereof. Still
further, the structure member may comprise a plurality of hollow tubes
which are integrated with one another while they are bundled, or the hollow
tube may be notched at a part or an entire thereof. A reinforcing plate may
be attached to the inner surface of the hollow tube. Further, a decorative
member or a reinforcing member may be attached to a part or an entire
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surface of the structure member. Further, an air discharge passage may be
defined in the irregular portion on the inner surface of the hollow tube.
The method of jointing structure members of the present invention
thus constructed as set forth above is characterized in comprising butt
s jointing ends of two or more structure members, then introducing a filler
into
the structure members so as to be solidified. Further the method is
characterized in comprising attaching cover members so as to be fixedly
attached to portions adjacent to ends of the structure members which are to
be jointed, facing the ends of two or more structure members having
respectively cover members attached thereto, then introducing a filler into a
space partitioned by the cover members so as to be solidified, so that both
structure members are jointed with one another. In the latter method, it is
preferable to use the cover member having an elastic body at the periphery
thereof.
Another method of jointing structure members of the present invention
thus constructed as set forth above is characterized in comprising attaching
a bag body to one of the structure members at a portion adjacent to an end
thereof to be jointed with an end of another structure member, butt jointing
the end of the one structure member with the end of the another structure
member, then introducing a filler into the bag body so as to be expanded, so
that both structure members are jointed with one another. It is preferable as
the provision of the bag body that the bag body is fixed to another end of the
reinforcing member or the cover members, or the bag body may be
restrained from being extended by way of the cover members, the reinforcing
member or a restriction member so as to stop the end of the bag body at a
given position. Further, a jointing frame may be provided at another end of
the bag body. Still further, when the jointing member is jointed with the
structure members, the structure members are butt joined with the jointing
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member, then the filler is filled utilizing any of the above mentioned
methods.
It is preferable that the air change passage and air discharge port are
respectively defined in the irregular portion on the inner surface of the
hollow
tube, wherein air inside the structure member is discharged from the air
discharge port through the air discharge passage when the filler is introduced
into the structure member.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a structure member according to a first
embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of an inner formwork
to be used when the structure member in Fig. 1 is manufactured.
Fig. 3 is perspective view showing another example of an inner
formwork.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a structure member according to a
first modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a structure member according to a
second modification of the first embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a structure member according to a
third modification of the first embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a structure member according to a
fourth modification of the first embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a structure
member according to a second embodiment of the present invention in which
an inner formwork is embedded.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing another example of
a structure member according to the second embodiment of the present
invention in which an inner formwork is embedded.
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Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of a
structure member according to the second embodiment of the present
invention in which an inner formwork and a surface member are embedded.
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a structure member according to a
third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a structure member according to a
fourth embodiment of the present invention showing an example where the
structure member has an attachment member which is attached to an
outside thereof.
Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a structure member according to a
fifth embodiment of the present invention showing an example where the
structure member comprises a plurality of bundled hollow tubes.
Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a
structure member having a plurality of bundled hollow tubes.
Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the structure
member shown in Fig 14.
Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the
structure member shown in Fig 15.
Fig. 17 (A) to Fig. 17 (C) are cross-sectional views each showing a
structure member according to a sixth embodiment.
Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a structure member according to a
seventh embodiment.
Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a structure member according to an
eighth embodiment which is subject to reinforcement.
Fig. 20 (A) and Fig. 20 (B) are cross-sectional views for explaining an
example of a jointing method of structure members.
Fig. 21 (A) and Fig. 21 (B) are cross-sectional views for explaining
another example of a jointing method of structure members.
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Fig. 22 (A) and Fig. 22 (B) are cross-sectional views for explaining still
another example of a jointing method of structure members.
Fig. 23 (A) and Fig. 23 (B) are cross-sectional views for explaining more
still another example of a jointing method of structure members.
Fig. 24 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a jointing method of
structure members in jointing parts.
Fig. 25 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a cover
member.
Fig. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a rim frame to
which a bag body is attached.
Fig. 27 is a perspective view showing a bag body and core rods
respectively attached to the rim frame.
Fig. 28 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a rim
frame to which a bag body is attached.
1 S Fig. 29 is a cross-sectional view of a structure member to which bag
bodies are attached.
Fig. 30 is a cross-sectional view showing a jointing state using the
structure member of Fig. 29.
Fig. 31 is a perspective view showing an example of a jointing frame.
Fig. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a part of the
bags which are attached to the jointing frame of Fig. 31.
Fig. 33 is a partly cut perspective view of structure members for
explaining a jointing method of structure members in the jointing parts.
Fig. 34 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines A - A in Fig. 33.
Fig. 35 is a cross-sectional view of the structure members of Fig. 33 in
which a filler is filled.
Fig. 36 is a perspective view of reinforcing members to be used in the
jointing parts.
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Fig. 37 (A) and Fig. 37 (B) are perspective views each showing a
structure member having a hollow tube a part of which is notched.
Fig. 38 is a perspective view of a reinforcing member in a jointing part.
Fig. 39 is a perspective view showing assembly of the reinforcing
member in another jointing parts.
Fig. 40 (A) and Fig. 40 (B) are perspective views each showing a
jointing member.
Fig. 41 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the jointing member in Fig.
40 (B).
Fig. 42 (A) and Fig. 42 (B) are perspective and vertical cross-sectional
views showing another example of a jointing member.
Fig. 43 (A) and Fig. 43 (B) are vertical cross-sectional views
respectively showing still another example of the jointing member.
Fig. 44 is a perspective view for explaining a jointing part of the jointing
members under assembling thereof.
Fig. 45 (A) is a perspective view of the jointing part of the jointing
members after built up thereof in Fig. 44 and Fig. 45 (B) is a cross sectional
view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 45 (A).
Fig. 46 (A) and Fig. 46 (B) are perspective views showing that at the
top or neighborhood of a beam is turned upside down.
Fig. 47 is a perspective view for explaining a jointing part of another
jointing members.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a structure member
according to the present invention. The structure member 1 is formed of a
hollow tube manufactured by concrete or a similar material (ceramic, etc.)
and has a plurality of irregular portions 2 at the inner surface thereof as
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shown in Fig. 1. The structure member 1 is manufactured as follows in a
factory. That is, an inner formwork 3 made of extendible rubber is positioned
inside an outer formwork, and the inner formwork 3 has an air hole 3a
through which air is introduced to be in an expandable state, and the outer
formwork having a surface shape corresponding to that of the structure
member 1 is paced outside the inner formwork 3 at given intervals, then
concrete is introduced into a space between the inner and outer formworks,
successively air is extracted after concrete is hardened, and at the same time
the outer formwork 3 is removed. Accordingly, it is possible to manufacture
the structure member 1 having the irregular portions 2 corresponding to
pleats 3b of the inner formwork 3. It is preferable to add a reinforcing rod,
nonferrous metals, organic or inorganic fibers (e.g. fibers such as nylon,
aramid, glass, carbon) when concreted to reinforce the structure member 1.
It is preferable to form aesthetic irregular portions on the external surface
of
the structure member 1 depending on uses thereof.
If an inner formwork 4 made of extendible rubber shown in Fig. 3 is
used, the structure member 1 having discontinuous irregular portions at the
inner surface thereof corresponding to irregular portions 4b of the inner
formwork 4 is manufactured. Denoted by 4a in Fig. 3 is an air hole which is
the same as the air hole 3a in Fig. 2.
A structure member 5 shown in Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a
structure member 5 having helical irregular portions 6 which are formed at
an inner surface of a hollow tube. This structure member 5 is manufactured
in the following method in a factory. That is, an outer formwork having the
surface shape corresponding to that of the structure member 5 is provided
and helical pipes are disposed inside the structure member 5 at given
intervals, then concrete is introduced into a space between the helical pipe
and the outer formwork, thereafter the helical pipe is turned and extracted at
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an appropriate time before concrete is hardened, thereby manufacturing the
structure member.
The irregular portions provided on the inner surface of the structure
member can be arbitrarily shaped using an inner formwork having an
S appropriate shape. Modifications of such structure member are illustrated in
Fig. 5 to Fig. 7. In a structure member 51 shown in Fig. 5, irregular portions
61 are formed of continuous trapezoidal helical screw grooves, while in a
structure member 52 shown in Fig. 6, irregular portions 62 are formed of
discontinuous trapezoidal grooves. Irregular portions 63 of a structure
member 53 shown in Fig. 7 are formed of a combination of semicircular
grooves and projections in cross sections corresponding to an outer shape of
bellows.
It is possible to manufacture structure members of the present
invention using an inner formwork which is extendible in a mechanical
manner and has irregular portions at the outside thereof in addition to the
inner formwork made of rubber set forth above. Alternatively, it is possible
to manufacture the structure members by using an inner formwork which
can be burnt or corroded, and removing the inner Formwork after concrete is
hardened, and in case of necessity, the inner formwork is embedded and the
inner surface thereof can be utilized as the irregular portions.
An example of a structure member having an inner formwork
embedded therein is shown in Fig. 8. A structure member 531 has an inner
formwork 631 having trapezoidal irregular portions embedded in the inner
surface of a hollow tube. The shape of the inner formwork is not limited to
that shown in Fig. 8 but it may be corrugated like irregular portions as shown
in Fig. 4 to Fig. 7. The inner formwork may include irregular portions 4b as
shown in Fig. 3 depending on the uses of the structure member. In this case,
there are one method of forming the irregular portions by permitting an
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irregular member provided outside the inner formwork to be corrugated, and
another method of forming the irregular portions by pressing a hollow frame
so as to permit the hollow frame to be corrugated. As the inner formwork or
the irregular member, iron, nonferrous metals, resins, cement, cellulose,
S ceramics can be used, or organic or inorganic fibers such as carbon, glass
and
nylon may be used when they are formed into a plate shape or they are mixed
with cement. Strength of the structure member is enhanced when a high
strength member such as iron is used as the inner formwork.
A structure member having the inner formwork embedded therein is
illustrated in Fig. 9. Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing
the
structure member in a cutting state from which the shape of the embedded
inner formwork is understood. This structure member 532 has an inner
formwork 632 which includes a plurality of projecting members 632a fixed to
the inside thereof and which is embedded in the inner surface of the hollow
tube. The projection members 632a may be rod-shaped and may have tip
ends each having appropriate shape. Materials of the projection members
632a may be the same as or different from those of the inner formwork 632.
The projecting members may be directly fixed to the inner surface of the
hollow tube depending on the uses of the structure member without using the
inner formwork.
Still another example of a structure member 533 having an inner
formwork which is embedded therein is shown in Fig. 10. An inner formwork
633 embedded in a structure member 533 is formed by braiding vertical rods
and horizontal rods in square cylinders, and anchors 633a are provided at
appropriate positions so that the inner formwork 633 is fixed to the hollow
tube with an excellent condition. The shapes of the vertical and horizontal
rods are arbitrary and materials thereof are the same as those of the inner
formwork. Decorative members such as tiles or surface members 633b as
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reinforcing members of the structure member may be attached to the front
surface of the structure member. The surface member 633b may be made of
the same material as the inner formwork 633, and it may be bonded partially
or wholly on the surface of the inner formwork 633, or may be utilized as an
outer formwork or embedded into the inner formwork 633. Such surface
members can be utilized for the structure members as shown in Fig. 1 to Fig.
19. The inner formworks shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 m ay be corrugated or
helically shaped.
The irregular portions of the structure members may be formed on the
entire of the hollow tube, or irregular portions 64 may be formed on a portion
adjacent to an end portion forming a jointing part like a structure member 54
as shown in Fig. 11. A structure member having irregular portions provided
on the entire surface thereof may be used while it is cut in an appropriate
length.
The structure members of the present invention may be formed to
have an attached portion such as a groove to which an attachment such as a
wall member, a door, a sash is attached when they are manufactured in a
factory. For example, in a structure member 55 shown in Fig. 12, one or
more than two dovetails are provided as the attachment portion at the
external surface thereof in which a panel 66 can be engaged. Projections 65a
are provided at the side opposite to the dovetails 65. It is possible to
provide
appropriate irregular portions on the surface of the structure member, in a
vertical or lateral direction (not shown), if need be. Further, it is possible
to
permit the structure member to have various external shapes on the
external surface of the structure member such as a sonorous shape like
sculptures or patterns.
Like structure members 56, 57 shown in Fig. 13 and Fig. 14, a plurality
of hollow tubes which are bundled to be integrated with each other can be
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utilized. Further, structure members may have cross-sectional shapes as
shown in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16. A structure member 571 shown in Fig. 15 has a
shape removing an intermediate wall 2a in the structure member 57 in Fig.
14. A structure member 572 shown in Fig. 16 has a shape removing
intermediate walls 2b in the structure member 571 in Fig. 15. In the
structure members of the types shown in Fig. 13 to Fig. 16, the irregular
portions 2 are not necessarily provided on the entire inner surface thereof
but
hollow portions having no irregular portion may be provided depending on the
uses thereof. Further, the structure members may have a solid structure at
a part of hollow portion which is concreted in a factory instead of having an
actual hollow part.
The structure members comprising the hollow tube of the present
invention are not limited to hollow shaped ones which are completely closed at
portions other than both ends thereof. As exemplified in Fig. 17 (A) to Fig.
17
(C), there are structure members 58a, 58b, 58c each having a cut portion
581 formed at one or more than two positions along a part or entire length of
one or more sides thereof. Appropriate irregular portions 2 are provided on
the hollow portion. Although a width of the cut portion 581 and a size of an
inner hollow width 582 are determined depending on uses of the structure
members and shapes of the irregular portions 2, it is preferable that the
width of the cut portion 581 is smaller than the size of the hollow width 582
so
as to assure the jointing condition between the adjoining structure members.
Still another example of a structure member is shown in Fig. 18. A
structure member 59 is U-shaped, and has a corresponding inner formwork
69 fixed to the inner surface thereof. The inner formwork 69 is embedded in
the structure member 59 when concreted. Projecting portions 69a are
formed on the inner formwork 69 by punching. Holes 69b bored by punching
the inner formwork may be closed by appropriate means, if need be, since
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concrete flows out depending on sizes of the holes 69b. The inner formwork
forming the projecting portions by punching can be used for the structure
members shown in Fig. 8 to Fig. 10. It is needless to say that inner
formworks 631, 632, 633 shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, and the inner
formwork 69 as shown in Fig. 18 can be used for the structure members
shown in Fig. 17 (A) to Fig. 17 (C).
Although various types of structure members are exemplified, these
structure members need be reinforced depending on shapes or uses thereof.
An example of a structure member which was subject to reinforcement is
shown in Fig. 19. In the structure member, there are provided reinforcing
parts 591a at appropriate positions inside a hollow tube thereof. The
reinforcing part 591a may have one or plural openings 591b at a belly portion
thereof. The reinforcing parts 591a may be integrated with the hollow tube or
it may be made of a material which is the same as or different from that of
the hollow tube wherein the reinforcing parts 591a are engaged with the
hollow tube. A formwork 691 may be embedded in a space between two
reinforcing parts 591a. Alternatively, it is possible to use an inner formwork
made of a material which can be burnt and corroded, and the inner formwork
may be removed after it is hardened. There is still another method to use an
inner formwork made of rubber which is expanded by air, wherein the inner
formwork can be taken out from the openings 591b after concrete is
hardened. It is needless to say that such reinforcing parts may be formed in
any type of structure member.
Described hereinafter are jointing methods of the structure members
as set forth above.
In an example of the method shown in Fig. 20, end surfaces of two
structure members 11, 12 are butt joined with each other, and a filler A is
introduced from a filling port 12a. In this case, the filler A is filled in
the entire
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hollow potions of the structure members 11, 12. Temporary fixing members
13 are used for temporarily fixing the structure members 11, 12, if need be.
As the filler, concrete, mortar, resin, ceramics, rubber, etc. are used, and
molten nonferrous metals such as zinc and aluminum, and molten iron are
also used. Further, iron, nonferrous metals, organic or inorganic fibers, etc.
which are mixed in the structure member 1 as a reinforcing material may be
mixed in the filler set forth immediately before. The lfind of the filler may
be
determined depending on uses of the structure member. In an example
shown in Fig. 21, covers 14 are attached to each of the structure members
11, 12 at end portions thereof to be jointed to each other by way of elastic
members 14a at the peripheries thereof. A reinforcing member 15 having
hooped rods is inserted into one structure member 12 and it is fixed by
spacers 16, etc., thereafter, the end surfaces of the structure members 11,
12 are butt joined with each other, and the filler A is introduced into a
space
partitioned by the cover members 14. In case that the hollow portion of the
structure members is small or when the cover members 14 are provided at
the innermost portion of the structure member, an assistant rod 17 shown in
Fig. 22 is used. The assistant rod 17 is fixed to one of the cover members 14.
In an example shown in Fig. 23, two structure members 11, 12
respectively having helical irregular portions 6 are jointed with each other.
Central portions of the cover members 18 in this example have respectively
spherical surfaces which are expanded toward end portions of the structure
members 11, 12, wherein an adhesive, which has lubrication property when
the adhesive is not hardened, is coated on the outer peripheries of the
elastic
members 18a, then the elastic members 18a of the cover members 18 are
screwed along the irregular portion 6 until they reach predetermined
positions. After the adhesive is hardened, the end surfaces of the structure
members 11, 12 are butt joined with each other, and the filler A is introduced
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so that the central portions of the cover members 18 are expanded at the
circumference then eof owing to the pressure at that time and the elastic
members 18a are brought into contact with the irregular portions 6.
Accordingly, there is no possibility that the filler A is leaked from gaps
defined
between the elastic members 18a and the irregular portions 6.
In Fig. 21 to Fig. 23, if air in the space in which the filler A is introduced
is not escaped from a gap between the jointing parts, exhaust ports having
appropriate sizes may be provided inside the cover members 18 or the
structure members 11, 12, and further there may be provided check valves
or fillers 85, described later, in the exhaust ports for preventing the filler
A
from being leaked therethrough.
An example of constructing jointing by the structure members of the
present invention using the aforementioned jointing methods is now described
in succession with reference to Fig. 24. Base plates 21 are fixed to anchors
22 which are embedded in concrete of foundation. A reinforcing member 15 is
welded to the base plates 21, if need be, then a lower pillar 23 comprising
the
structure member is built up and temporary fixed at a given position of the
lower pillar 23. Thereafter, the filler A is introduced into a filling port 24
defined in the lower pillar 23 by a predetermined amount, if it is defined in
the
lower pillar 23, or from an upper opening of the lower pillar 23, if the
filling
port is not defined in the lower pillar 23, then the lower pillar 23 is fixed
to the
base plates 21. As another method; the reinforcing member 15 may be
directly embedded in the concrete of foundation without providing the base
plates 21 and the anchors 22. Successively, the cover member 26 which is
attached to one end of an assistance rod 25 is engaged in the inside from the
upper opening of the lower pillar 23. In this example, although springs 27 are
provided at the periphery of the cover member 26 to reduce the gap between
the cover member 26 and the irregular portions 6, so as to support the cover
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member 26 with the resiliency of the springs 27, the upper end of the
assistant rod 25 may be suppoi°ted using an appropriate method, if
there is a
likelihood that the cover member 26 falls down owing to the weight of the
filler
A.
Then, beams 30 respectively comprising the structure member are
provided on the lower pillar 23 at both sides of the lower pillar 23 using a
temporary fixing member 31, if need be. At this time, although cover
members 33 respectively disposed on both ends of a connecting rod 32 need
be inserted into the beams 30, 30, it is preferable that the cover members 33
are inserted into the innermost part of one of the beams 30 so as to be out of
the way of the opposite beam 30, then the opposite beam 30 is provided or
installed, and thereafter the cover members 33 may be returned to their
given positions. The cover members 33 may be provided at a factory or
building sites, and the reinforcing member 15 may be attached to the cover
members 33, if need be, in the manner as described with reference to Fig. 21.
Finally, after an upper pillar 35 is provided, the filler A is filled into the
space
defined between the cover member 26 and the cover members 33, 33 through
a filling port 36 and it is solidified, then the lower pillar 23, the upper
pillar 35,
and the beams 30, 30 which are respectively composed of structure members
are jointed with each other. The beams 30 may be disposed or provided at
three or more than four positions, or in a slanting direction, if need be,
In the aforementioned example, the upper pillar 35 does not use the
cover member. The reason is that the filling port 36 is defined in the upper
pillar at the upper portion over a given filling range, so that the filler A
can be
filled in the space owing to the gravity thereof. However, when the filler A
is
introduced through the filling port 36 under a given pressure while the cover
member is fixed to the upper pillar 35 over the filling port 36, the strength
of
the filler A can be enhanced after it is solidified, and hence it is a
preferable
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method. The filler A may be introduced into the upper space of the lower
pillar 23 before the beams 30 are provided.
In the example as set forth above, as a method of attaching the cover
members to the structure members so as to be fixed thereto, the elastic
members to be attached to peripheries of the cover members are made
hollow like a tire-shape of a vehicle, then the cover members are provided at
given positions, successively compressed air is supplied inside the hollow
portion of the elastic members so as to expand thereof, finally the elastic
members are brought into contact with the irregular portions.
Fig. 25 is a cross sectional view for explaining another method for
attaching a cover member to the inside of a structure member so as to be
fixed thereto. In this example, a cover member 40 comprises a plate member
41, and rim frames 42 provided at the periphery of the plate member 41, and
ring-shaped bag bodies 43 attached to the rim frames 42, and an introduction
pipe 44 which is connected to the rim frame 42. After the cover member 40
is inserted into the structure member 1 at a given position using an assistant
rod 17, then a filler B is introduced from the introduction pipe 44 into the
bag
bodies 43 so that the bag bodies 43 are expanded to engage with the irregular
portion 6 in the structure member 1. When the filler B is solidified, the
cover
member 40 is in a fixed state. According to this method, the cover member
40 can be brought into contact with and fixed to the inside of the structure
member 1 even if the irregular portion 6 has a complex shape. It is also
possible to employ a method for introducing the filler B from the rim frames
42 to the bag bodies 43 by way of the assistant rod 17 and the inside of the
plate member 41.
In such a manner, the cover member 40 is attached to the inside of the
structure member 1 while it is fixed thereto, and end portions of two or more
structure members are butt joined with one another according to the
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aforementioned method, then the filler A is introduced into the space
partitioned by the cover member 40 and is solidified thereafter so as to joint
the structure members with one another.
The bag bodies 43 are made of woven fabrics or unwoven fabrics
formed by an organic or inorganic material such as rubber, ceramics, nylon,
aramid, carbon, glass fibers, and they may be coated with an organic
polymeric material. The bag bodies 43 are attached to the rim frames 42, for
example, as shown in Fig. 26 and Fig. 27. The tip end of each rim frame 42
can be divided and opened into two parts, as shown in Fig. 26 and it is
hollow.
As shown in Fig. 27, the tip ends of the rim frames 42 are arranged in a
manner that core members 46 can be wrapped by end portions of the bag
bodies 43 and they can be inserted into hollow portions 45 of the rim frame
42, then the bag bodies 43 and the rim frame 42 are fixed to each other by
screws 47. When the core members 46 are inserted into the hollow portions
45, the rim frame 42 may be narrowed when the elastic opening of the hollow
portions 45 is inferior depending on a material of the rim frames 42 as
illustrated by dotted lines 42a. In case of providing such rim frames 42 to be
adjoined with each other, a square member having dovetails and tenons may
be added to the rim frame 42 as shown in Fig. 28. There are provided only
plural square members which are combined with one another, if need be, and
which can be utilized for regulating the interval between the frames. The
material of the rim frame 42 may be iron, nonferrous metals, inorganic or
organic fibers such as resins, ceramics, carbon fiber and aramid, which is
solidified.
In the method of jointing the structure members using the cover
member as explained in the aforementioned embodiments, although each
cover member need be fixed to the inside of each structure member in a fixed
state, an embodiment for attaching the cover member to only one side of the
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structure member is described next.
Fig. 29 is a cross sectional view of a structure member 71 to which
bag bodies 73 are attached in a contracted state at the portion adjacent to
the end portion of the structure member 71 to be jointed. The bag bodies 73
are clamped by plate members 74, 75 from the front and rear portions
thereof and they are maintained in a contracted state by retaining members
83, 84 or adhesive tapes 83a, wherein binding members 77 like bendable
cords such as chains, wires, and ropes attached to the plate members 74, 75
are accommodated into the bag bodies 73 while they are contracted. The
middle portion of the bag body 73 is connected to an introduction pipe 78
fixed
to the rear plate member 75. The introduction pipe 78 is arranged in parallel
with another introduction pipe 79 which is connected to a ring-shaped bag
body 80 provided at the periphery of the plate member 75. The bag bodies 73
remained positioned at the center of the hollow portion by spacers 81, 82
which are provided at several portions of the front plate member 74 and the
rear plate member 75.
Fig. 30 is a cross sectional view showing a jointing state between the
structure member 71 and another structure member 72. When the
structure members 71, 72 are jointed with each other, both end portions
thereof are butt joined with each other, then the filler B is introduced into
the
bag body 80 from the introduction pipe 79 so as to expand the bag body 80
while the rear plate member 75 is made in a fixed state, then the filler A is
introduced into the bag bodies 73 through the introduction pipe 78 so as to
expand the bag bodies 73. Accordingly, the bag bodies 73 extend into the
confronted structure member 72, and at the same time, they are engaged
with the irregular portion formed at the inner surface of the hollow portion,
wherein the filler A filled in the bag bodies 73 is solidified to become in
the
illustrated jointing state. There are provided filters 85 in the front plate
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member 74 for permitting air to pass therethrough but not permitting the
filler A to pass therethrough, wherein when the filler A is introduced under
pressure into the bag bodies 73, air remaining in the bag bodies 73 is
discharged so as to prevent the bag bodies 73 from being hollow locally. When
introducing the filler A, the retaining members 83, 84 or the adhesive tapes
83a are removed by the filling pressure. The shape of the irregular portion
formed inside the structure member 71 is arbitrary. Accordingly, depending
on the shape of the irregular portion, if a thickness of the plate member 74
is
increased, the plate member 74 and the binding members 77 are not
necessarily provided. Even if the thickness of the plate member 74 is not
increased, it is possible to restrain the bag bodies from extending in a
longitudinal direction of the structure member when using the cover members
14, etc. as illustrated in Fig. 21 to Fig. 23.
The method for jointing the structure members by introducing the filler
into the single bag body so as to be solidified is troublesome in respect of
jointing and supporting the bag bodies in the manner of jointing the structure
members if the jointing becomes complex, for example, in the case of
providing the beams at the jointing points between the upper and lower
pillars. In such a case, a jointing frame 90 shown in Fig. 31 is employed to
joint the bag bodies. The jointing frame 90 comprises one or more frame
bodies 91 which can be attached thereto with an arbitrary angle, wherein the
bag bodies can be attached to the structure member in the manner as
illustrated in Fig. 26 and Fig. 27, wherein each of the frame bodies 91 has an
appropriate shape depending on the number of and angles defined at the
jointing points between the structure members. The rim frames 48 having
the square members as shown in Fig. 28 are connected and built up with each
other utilizing dovetails and tenons as shown in Fig. 32 so as to form the
jointing frame 90 instead of employing the frame bodies 91.
CA 02288695 1999-11-09
Described next is a method of jointing three or more structure
members utilizing such jointing frames. The method of jointing the jointing
structures shown in Fig. 33 is a case where beams are jointed between lower
and upper pillars in four directions, wherein a cross section of a main
portion
taken along the line A-A of Fig. 33 is shown in Fig. 34 and a case where the
filler is filled in the structure members in Fig. 34 is illustrated at the
lower half
portion of Fig. 35. Jointing frames 100 are provided on the upper end of a
structure member 101 comprising lower pillars, and main pillar rods 103,
main beam rods 113, 123 are respectively disposed to be accommodated
inside the jointing frames 100. The jointing frames 100 are supported by the
main pillar rods 103 when there are provided the main beam rods, and they
are supported by the structure member by way of the spacer 16 when there
are not provided the main beam rods. At this time, the main rods are
respectively reinforced by stirrup rods 104, 114, 124. Successively, each one
end of the bag bodies 105, 106, 115, 116, 125 is attached to open surfaces of
the jointing frames 100. These bag bodies are aligned with these main rods
while they are contracted, and these bag bodies are clamped by nuts 106a
attached to distal ends of the main rods so as to prevent the bag bodies from
moving in an extending direction of the structure member. In such a manner,
the bag bodies serve as a cover member 135. The nuts 106a are screwed into
fixed plates 106b fixedly connected to the main beam rods 123. Thereafter,
structure members 111, 112, 121, 122 of the beams are temporarily fixed to
the structure member 101 of the lower pillar using the temporary fixing
members 131, and a structure member 102 is provided temporarily on the
structure members 111, 112, 121, 122, and the upper structure member 102
is temporarily fixed to the structure members 111, 112, 121, 122 using the
temporary fixing members 131.
Since a filling pipe is provided in a filling port 130 by penetrating bag
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bodies and frame bodies, when the filler A is filled into the bag bodies
through
the filling port 130, each of the bag bodies 105, 106, 115, 116, 125 is
expanded to be brought into contact with the irregular portions 6 of each
structure member. When the filler A is solidified, the structure members are
integrally jointed to one another. Since expansible material is mixed with the
filler A, the pressure inside the bag bodies is increased to increase an
application force with respect to the irregular portions of the structure
members. In the cases shown in Fig. 33 to Fig. 35, the bag body is not
utilized
by the lower pillar 101 but it is utilized by the structure member 102. As
mentioned in the foregoing, in the jointing between the pillars and beams, it
is
possible to embed or not embed the reinforcing members and bag bodies in
the structure members, to combine any of these members or to select an
appropriate method depending on the object of that structure.
In Fig. 35, there is shown an example of the use of the jointing frames
100a comprising two rim frames 48 having square members which are
overlaid one with another as shown in Fig. 32. The edges of a partition plate
16a defining holes therein having appropriate sizes, at need, are engaged with
dovetails and tenons of the jointing frames 100a along the four sides thereof.
This is provided for enhancing strength of the jointing frame 100a so that the
filler can be filled in each of beams.
Fig. 36 is a perspective view showing jointing parts between the beams
and pillars, namely, reinforcing members to be used at the jointing parts. In
Fig. 33 to Fig. 35, the reinforcing members comprise the main pillar rods 103
and main beam rods 113, 123 and the stirrup rod 104 to be attached to these
rods. There is a case that steel frames 39a are used so as to increase the
cross sectional areas of the structure members or enhance strength of the
jointing of the structure members. Fig. 36 is a case where the steel frame is
used as a reinforcing member. When the jointing frame 100 is attached to a
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reinforcing member 39 made of a steel frame, at need, it may be provided as
shown by dotted lines, or other ends of the bag bodies may be directly fixed
to
the steel frame or reinforcing rod. The reinforcing member 39 can use the
main pillar rods 103 and the main beam rods 113 shown in Fig. 33. Further,
the shape of the reinforcing member may be rectangular, circular or L-
shaped or the material of the reinforcing member may have irregular
portions, if need be. The material of the reinforcing member is not limited to
iron, but it may be nonferrous metals, concrete, ceramics or inorganic or
organic fibers such as carbon and nylon which are bundled.
A structure member as illustrated in Fig. 37 may be used in case that
the structure members 111 of the beams, etc. can not be fixed while the main
beam rod 113, etc. are moved appropriately when the structure members of
the beams are provided after a plurality of structure members comprising
pillars are built up to provide the reinforcing member of the jointing members
shown in Fig. 33, and in case that the reinforcing member 39 made of steel
frame shown in Fig. 36 is used.
Fig. 37 (A) is a perspective view of a structure member 150 comprising
a hollow tube a part of which is notched, and Fig. 37 (B) is a perspective
view
of a double hollow tube 152 which is notched at two parts. An extent of
lengths of notches 151, 153 of each structure member may be limited to a
part or an entire of the reinforcing member depending on the object of the
structure member. A formwork 151 a m ay be applied to a portion where a
filler is leaked out when the filler is introduced into the jointing parts. If
the
bag bodies are used, the formwork 151a may be used or not used depending
on object and shape of the bag bodies. If the bag bodies are fixed to the
reinforcing members, the notches 151, 153 of the structure members may be
positioned at any part thereof, namely, up or down, or left or tight and these
positions may be determined depending on the object of use of the structure
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member. If such structure members 150, 152 are used, the beams can be
easily built up.
It is preferable to adopt the structure as illustrated in Fig. 38, if the
site where the structure members are used is a location to which a stress is
mechanically applied or the structure members having the notches 151, 153
are not intended to be used. Fig. 38 is a perspective view of the structure
member having a jointing frame of the jointing part is positioned at a
crossing
part between the pillar and the beam. In Fig. 38, the jointing frame 100
having the jointing frame 90 to which a bag body is attached and fixed to the
jointing part of the steel frame 99 by an appropriate method.
The bag bodies 115, 125 are folded and accommodated in the jointing
formwork 100, and then they are temporarily fixed by the adhesive tape 83a.
The restraining member 77 are fixed to the covers 135 by bolts 106a as
explained in Fig. 29. The opposite side is fixed to the plate member 75
attached to the jointing formwork 100 by the bolt 106a or directly fixed to
the
jointing frame 100 or directly fixed to the steel frame 99 by the bolts 106a,
etc.
Even in case of the jointing shown in Fig. 33, the jointing method shown
in Fig. 38 can be utilized. After the cover members 135, etc. are provided on
the lower pillar 101 at an appropriate position thereof, the steel frame 99 is
built up in the hollow portion of the lower pillar 101, and a filler is
filled, at
need, Then, after the beams 111, etc. are disposed at the position of the
jointing frame 100, the upper pillar 102 is disposed. The filling pipe is
disposed
to penetrate the bag body and the formwork through the filling port 130, and
the filler A is filled therethrough. The cover member is provided on the upper
pillar 102, at need, and the adhesive tape 83a is peeled off by the filling
pressure so that the bag body is opened to introduce the filler A
therethrough.
When the cover member is provided on the beam, the bag body 135 and the
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CA 02288695 1999-11-09
restraining member 77 are unnecessary. If this jointing method is used, the
notch 151, etc. are unnecessary.
Fig. 39 is a perspective view for explaining the attachment of another
jointing part. In the same figure, the notches 15b having the shapes
corresponding to those of beams are defined in the lower pillar 101a at the
portion where the beams are jointed to the lower pillar lOla, and projecting
plates 15a are provided at the lower ends thereof, at need. The projecting
plates 15a support the load applied to the beams and they may be replaced
by the formwork if notches 15b , etc. are provided. In Fig. 39, a reinfor cing
member 15 formed by a reinforcing rod is provided. That is, holes through
which the reinforcing rods penetrate, are defined in the web surfaces of the
steel frame by a given number at regular intervals. After the steel frame is
built up, the iron rods are inserted into the holes. The jointing frame 100
shown in Fig. 38 is attached to a flange surface of the steel frame by an
appropriate method. Accordingly, the reinforcing rod and the bag body can be
used together in the jointing of the beams. After the beams 150 and the
beams 150a are respectively disposed and temporarily fixed, the upper pillar
is placed on and temporarily fixed to the lower pillar 101a, then the filler
is
introduced through the filling port. In this jointing method, if the beam 150,
etc. are engaged into the notches 15b of the pillar, a firm jointing can be
formed.
The jointing as shown in Fig. 40 and Fig. 41 is used for constructing
medieval European style sonorous buildings. Fig. 40 (A) is a perspective view
of the external appearance of the jointing, Fig. 40 (B) is a perspective view
of
the jointing removing the upper pillar 162 and three beams 163 from that of
Fig. 40 (A), and Fig. 41 is a vertical cross sectional view of the jointing of
Fig.
40 (B).
The jointing member 160 is manufactured by concrete, pottery,
CA 02288695 1999-11-09
ceramics, iron, nonferrous metals, inorganic or organic fibers such as carbon,
aramid which are solidified or manufactured by working a natural stone. The
jointing member 160 includes grooves 168 for receiving edge ends of the
structure members 161, 162 comprising an upper and lower pillar at the
upper and lower surfaces thereof, and grooves 165 for receiving structure
members 163 comprising beams at the side surface thereof depending on the
number of the beams respectively at predetermined positions. Main pillar
rods 166 are embedded in the jointing member 160 in the vertical direction
thereof to project therefrom, and frame bodies 167 are also embedded in an
appropriate manner at the edge end surfaces of main beam rods 169 which
are also embedded in the jointing member 160 at the left and right directions
thereof.
When the jointing is formed, the grooves 168 of the jointing member
160 are engaged and provided in the upper end of the structure member 161,
then the filler is introduced under pressure into the hollow portion of the
structure member 161 through the filling port 161a so as to joint both.
Successively, structure members 163 of the beams are respectively inserted
into respective grooves 165, then the filler A is introduced under pressure
into
the inside of bag bodies 171 through an introduction port 163a, then the
filler
A is solidified. Finally, structure member 162 of the upper pillar is engaged
in
the upper grooves 168 of the jointing member 160, and the filler A is
introduced into the lower part of the hollow portion of the structure member
162 to be solidified, thereby completing the jointing.
Fig. 42 shows a jointing of a structure member according another
jointing block, wherein Fig. 42 (A) is a perspective view of a portion adj
acent
to a jointing member, Fig. 42 (B) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the
jointing member of Fig. 42 (A) .
The jointing member in Fig. 40 is solid while a jointing member 200 in
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CA 02288695 1999-11-09
Fig. 42 is hollow, but the jointing method of the jointing member 200 in Fig.
42 is similar to that of the jointing member in Fig. 39. A vertical
penetrating
hole 206 which penetrates vertically the jointing member 200 is defined in the
jointing member 200, and irregular portions are provided on the inner surface
of the jointing member 200, at need. Lateral holes 205 are defined in the
jointing member 200 by the number of the beams, and irregular portions are
provided on the inner surfaces of the lateral holes 205 at need, wherein the
lateral holes 205 communicate with the vertical penetrating hole 206.
In the method of constructing the jointing members, the jointing
member 200 is placed on the lower pillar 201 which is built up in the
aforementioned manner. Although the lower surface of the jointing member
200 contacts upper end surface of the lower pillar 201 in the figure, it is
possible to provide a receiving groove 204 like an upper pillar 202. Then,
beams 203 are engaged in the lateral holes 205. Thereafter, the upper pillar
202 is built up in the receiving groove 204, then the filler is introduced
into the
receiving groove 204 through a filling port 209. The reinforcing members 166
are embedded or the jointing frame 100, etc. are provided, or the cover
members 14, etc. are provided, which are appropriately selected depending on
the object of the uses thereof. When the beams are built up in the jointing,
there are utilized the jointing method as illustrated in Fig. 33, Fig. 39, or
the
grooves 165 may be disposed in a lateral direction shown in Fig. 40.
The jointing member used by the present invention includes that which
is a compromise between that in Fig. 40 and that in Fig. 42. Fig. 43 (A) is a
vertical cross-sectional view of such jointing member, and Fig. 43 (B) is a
vertical cross-sectional view of another jointing member.
A jointing member 210 shown in Fig. 43 (A) has a vertically
penetrating hole 218 which penetrates the jointing member 210 and also has
irregular portions at the center thereof. The pillar head of the lower pillar
211
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is built up in a hole 215 defined in the jointing member 210 in the lower
direction thereof, and the former is temporarily fixed to the latter, at need.
Jointing frames 216 of the beams are respectively embedded in the jointing
member 210, and the receiving grooves 217 are respectively provided like
those in Fig. 40. After the beams 213 are provided on the jointing member
210 by the necessary number, a filler is introduced into the jointing member
210 through a filling por t 218a provided in the vertically penetrating hole
218.
Thereafter, the upper pillar 212 is built up in a hole 214 of the pillar, and
a
filler is introduced through a filling port of the upper pillar.
A jointing member 220 in Fig. 43 (B) is different from the jointing
member 210 in Fig. 43 (A) in respect of the provision of a laterally
penetrating hole 228. Reinforcing rods 227 are embedded in the jointing
member 220 in a vertical direction. A hole 225 of the jointing member 220 is
placed on the pillar head of a lower pillar 221, then a filler is introduced
through a filling port 225a. Successively beams 223 are respectively
provided on a beam placement table 226 of the jointing member 220, and a
filler A is introduced through a filling port 226a provided in a hole 224
defined
in an upper pillar 222. Finally, the upper pillar 222 is provided in the hole
224
of the upper pillar 222, then the filler A is introduced.
Fig. 44 and Fig. 45 show another jointing method when jointing the
beam and the pillar, wherein Fig. 44 is a perceptive view for explaining the
jointing part between a beam and a pillar under assembling thereof, Fig.
45(A) is a perspective view of the jointing between beams and pillars and Fig.
45(B) is a cross sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 45(A).
Although the notches 15b are defined in the lower pillar lOla in the
jointing part in Fig. 39, notches 303a to 303d (notches 303c, 303d are
opposite to the notches 303b, 303a) are defined in the jointing part in Fig.
44.
That is, the notches having shapes corresponding to hollow portions of the
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pillars and the beams are provided in the beam 303 at a crossing part
between pillars 301, 302 and beams 304, 305 by the number of members to
be jointed. The structure members are jointed as follows. That is, a flat-
plate
shaped jointing member 230 having a notch 230a at the portion adjacent to
the center thereof is placed on the pillar 301, then the notch 303d of the
beam
303 is aligned with the notch 230a of the jointing member 230 and they are
set up, thereafter hollow portions of the beams 304, 305 and the hollow
portion of the pillar 302 are aligned with the notches 303c, 303b, 303a of the
beam 303 and they are set up. These members are temporary fixed, if need
be, then the filler is introduced from the filling port 310.
Also is the jointing part in Fig. 45, the cover member 14, the reinforcing
member 15 and the bag body, etc. are disposed or constructed in the same
manner as set Forth above. The jointing member 230 is provided, if need be,
and the disposing position is not limited to the head of the pillar 301 and it
can
1 S be disposed at the bottom of the pillar 302 or both the head and bottom
thereof. Further, the shape of the jointing member may be modified as
illustrated in Fig. 40 to Fig. 43. When the beam 303 is to be extended,
another beam 306 is brought into contact with the end 307 of the beam 303,
then the filler is introduced into the beams 303, 306 in the same manner as
set forth above, thereby connecting them.
Fig. 46 is a perspective view of the top of the beam 303 or the
neighborhood thereof, which is turned upside down for facilitating the
understanding. In the example shown in Fig. 46(A), the structure member 1
shown in Fig. 1 is used as the beam 303, and the irregular portions 2 are cut
at the top or the neighborhood thereof so as to provide a substantially
straight air discharge passage 121b, and an air discharge port 12b
communicating with the air discharge passage 121b defined in the structure
member 1 in front of the cover member 14. Air in the structure member 1 is
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collected in the top thereof as the filler is introduced inside the structure
member 1 and there is a case where air stays after the filler is hardened
depending on the shapes of the irregular portions 2. Accordingly, air
collected
in the top of the structure member 1 during the introduction of the filler is
naturally or forcibly discharged from the air discharge port through the air
discharge passage 121b. If air is short even in such a structure, for example,
an air discharge pipe 122b having small holes 123b is disposed in the air
discharge passage 121b as illustrated so as to discharge air from the
introduction port of the filler or from the air discharge port 12b.
Thereafter,
the air discharge pipe is extracted or embedded depending on the
circumstances of the site. It is preferable that air is collected in the air
discharge passage while the hollow portion is circular, oval, or the like even
if
the outer shape of the structure member 1 is rectangular to prevent air from
staying in the irregular portions 2 provided at the inner surface thereof. In
1 S the case as illustrated in Fig. 46(B), the air discharge passage 121b is
defined
in the manner that the crests of the irregular portions 2 are penetrated and
the roots thereof are continuous with one another. As other air discharge
methods, the air discharge passage 121b is notched similar to the notches
151, 153 which are formed by partially penetrating the upper portions of the
beam or the air discharge port 12b is formed in a rectangular shape similar to
the notch 303a in Fig. 44.
Fig. 47 is a perspective view for explaining other jointing methods in
the jointing part between the beam and the pillar. The jointing method
employs those as explained in Fig. 24 to Fig. 46 appropriately. The method of
constructing the jointing members is performed by disposing the jointing
member 230 on the upper part of the pillar 331, aligning the end surfaces of
the beams 313 to 316 with one another to form a jointing opening 317, then
disposing the pillar 312. In constructing the jointing members, the temporary
CA 02288695 1999-11-09
fixing member 31 may be used similar to the case in Fig. 44 in the same
manner as explained in Fig. 24. The jointing member 230 may be disposed on
the boundary between the lowermost end of the pillar 312 and the upper sides
of the beams 313 to 316, or may be disposed on the upper and lower sides
thereof. Further, it is possible to employ a structure that the jointing
member 230 is omitted.
Although the embodiments of the kinds of structure members and
jointing methods thereof are described in detail with reference to Fig. 1 to
Fig.
47, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it is
needless to say that the present invention can be embodied by appropriately
combining the concrete structure members as set forth above with one
another or by changing the concrete structure thereof in detail within a scope
of claims.
For example, if the projecting plates 15a, the reinforcing members 15,
the jointing frame 100, the notches 15b of the pillar in Fig. 39 and the
grooves
165 of the beam and the grooves 168 of the pillar in Wig. 40 are respectively
inclined, a structure building having the inclined beams and pillars can be
constructed. Further, new jointing members prepared by combining the
jointing members 210, 220 as shown in Fig. 43 (A) and Fig. (B), i.e. the
jointing
member 200 in Fig. 42 is turned 180° and the lower surface 207 of the
jointing
member 200 is placed on the upper pillar 202, thereby preparing the jointing
member. Still further, a jointing member having such a shape that the upper
half or lower half of the penetration hole 218 is embedded in the jointing
member 210 in Wig. 43 (A) may be prepared in a factory. Alternatively, in the
jointing member 220 shown in Fig. 43 (B), the hollow part of the lower pillar
221 communicate with the penetration hole 228 or the hollow part of the
upper pillar 222 communicate with the penetration hole 228.
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INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
Since the structure members of the present invention include hollow
tubes made of concrete or a material similar thereto, and the irregular
portions formed at the inner surface of the hollow tube, if the filler which
can
be solidifying is introduced while the structure members are butt joined with
each other, so that the structure members can be jointed with each other
utilizing the irregular portions. Further, the jointing members can be surely
jointed with each other adopting the expansible filler appropriately depending
on the object of the structure members. Since the working in the site is easy
and simple, a worker having no special skill can engage in the work. Still
further, it is possible to achieve economical efficiency and enhance diversity
of design since the structure members having arbitrary shapes can be used.
When the structure bedding comprising the structure members is
completed, the stress is applied to the jointing parts of the structure
members. At this time, although stress is generated between edge ends of
the irregular portions of the structure members and those of the filler, the
inner formwork having the irregular portion at the inner surface of the
structure members is embedded, or the reinforcing member is embedded in
the jointing part of the structure members, or bag bodies are embedded in the
structure members, or fibers of grass, carbon, and aramid are mixed with the
filler depending on the degree of the stress applied to the edge ends of the
irregular portions. Accordingly, it is possible to coat the surface of the
structure member with a surface member or to subject the surface of the
structure member to an enforcing treatment. As a result, the present
invention can cope with the structure of complex jointing. Further, an
ordinary jointing member is used or a sonorous jointing member is used
depending on the object of the structures, thereby permitting construction to
be simple and also the design to be diversified.
32
