Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
CA 02357063 2001-08-24
~~~Ad~i~ ~.ndu~~ry
ELECTROMAGNETIC "'"' ~P~C C~~;~=
IMPULSE MOTOR
~, u~ z ~, ~o~~ ~ ,~
laud T. J. Johnson
.,
#35, 918 - 16th. Ave. N.W. °"~
Calgary, Alberta, Canada °"~~ ~~ ~~
T2M OK3
A Canadian Citizen
This invention relates to a new rneans of creating a motor, driven by
electrical
energy, through the application of controllably timed magnetic pull toward
target
pieces extending radially from a central flywheel. Certain advantages over
present state of the art electric nnotors are apparent, including improved
efficiency against driving energy input, along with very high levels of
torque. This
invention is primarily based on the rather large amount of magnetic pull one
can
achieve through the use of a sort iron core plug wrapped with a large number
of
windings of low resistance electrical wire. A second consideration is the
matter
of being able to encapsulate or contain that magnetic force, or pull, and the
third
is to be able to focus the same Energy toward its pull target (s). Another
gainful
factor is the matter of taking advantage of hysteresis, rather than allowing
such
time delay to cause unnecessary magnetic resistance, or drag. As long as an
electromagnet is only utilized in the same polarity, and the polarity is not
reversed, the matter of hysteresis simply leaves the residual magnetic energy
in
the core element, and it will takes less energy to recharge it back to maximum
output or pull.
In its presently preferred embodiment, this invention in a simple and basic
form,
as more clearly illustrated in the drawings provided herewith, consists of a
high
mass flywheel, with a number of magnetic target pieces of mild steel affixed
or
built into triangular or columnar extensions thereof, and the said target
pieces
are placed or positioned at exact proportions of the circumference of the
rotational path of the said target pieces.
An equal or proportionate number of pulling electromagnets is placed
accurately
within a holding frame outside the circumference of the rotational path of the
said
target pieces, with one set of they said electromagnets pulling in the
direction of
forward motion, and another set of those electromagnets placed so their pull
can
be focused in the opposite direction, to be able to slow down, or apply
braking
force to the flywheel. Without being able to vary its forward speed, or to
slow
down its motion as necessary, this motor would require further external means
to
control and provide efficient means to apply its power output.
Variable speed control for this motor is provided by a cycle controller, very
similar
in function to those presently used on AC electric motors, but more
specifically
adapted to the DC: power requirE~ments of the electromagnets, and
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provided with rheostat or similar means of continuous progressive increase or
decrease of cycling impulses. In the case of stationary applications, the
cycle
controller would not require the rheostat equivalent as variable speed control
would probably not be necessary in most cases.
To further clarify the situation concerning significant power output gains
through
the direct use of electromagnets, it is true that 200 turns of wire at lamp of
input
current will provide the same magnetic pulling force as 10 turns of wire at 20
amps of input current. This is known as the ampere-turns rule.
As an additional point to make, i:he inventor has further realized, and
applied it
accordingly, that 50 pounds of pull applied simultaneously at 3 points on the
circumference of flywheel motion, gives you 150 pounds of applied torque, and
if
it takes 3 amps. of applied current for each electromagnet, the motor is being
driven by a total of 9 amps of current. This motor will have 3 electromagnetic
impulses per revolution of its driveshaft, so in terms of applied magnetic
pulling
power, the applied torque should amount to 3 X 150 = 450 pounds per
revolution. The 9 amps of current are only being applied in pulsed form on a
continuing basis, .and will not amount to more than that, except for normal
and
rather small resistance losses in the wire.
The matters of containment and focusing of the magnetic pulling force as
applied
by the electromagnets is dealt with firstly, through the use of faraday cage
effect
windings cylindrically outside of, and in generally the same direction as the
windings on each of the electronnagnets, secondly, by means of concave face
curvature at the output end of each of the electromagnets, and thirdly,
through
the proper placement of a U - shaped magnetic barrier shroud device, made or
wound of copper wire, which focuses the magnetic pull energy within an area
which is closely shrouding the pulling target pieces being addressed by each
of
the electromagnets.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is obvious at the present time that motors or means of mechanical motive
power are quite essential to our civilization, as there are countless motors
of all
kinds now being applied to operate and maintain what we would call our
essential services and conveniences. As in most things, there are trade-offs,
with some of there being negative in certain embodiments of previous state of
the art. The matter of our present internal combustion engines being fuelled
by
hydrocarbon based means which are polluting our atmosphere beyond the point
of no return has been and continues to be the main motivating influence toward
development of this invention.
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The inventor is normally inclined to deal with all knowledge and information
in a
clear and conceptual manner. The principles found to be most fascinating, and
which could have led to the development of the subject invention, as well as a
new type of electrical generator, were as follows: Firstly, a magnetic field
will not
pass through a wire carrying an electrical charge. Secondly, the time delay
where the polarity of a magnetic field is changed, referred to as hysteresis,
is
usually an energy robbing inconvenience, and there are possibilities of taking
advantage thereof. (such as not reversing the polarity). Thirdly, the ampere -
turns rule concerning electromagnets explains how large amounts of magnetic
energy can be generated through the application of comparatively small amounts
of electrical energy. Those fascinating revelations have led the inventor to
create this invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention involves the use of a mechanical output shaft, mounted in a
fixed
position on an adequate supporting frame and equipped with adequate
supporting and properly mounted bearings. Installed on, supported and held in
proper position on the said output shaft, is a comparatively heavy flywheel
for the
usual storing and sustenance of drive energy, and this flywheel has mounted
upon its periphery at the outside end of protrusions therefrom, a series of
two or
more magnet target plates, discs or pieces.
Beyond, and concentric with the circumference of the said flywheel is an
accurately positioned series of pulling electromagnets, with one set
positioned to
provide drive impulse energy to power the flywheel, and the second set to slow
down the speed of the said flywheel. Since this Electromagnetic Impulse Motor
does not have compression to show down the motion of its flywheel and
crankshaft, as so conveniently applied in an internal combustion engine, it is
necessary to provide some means of slowing it down.
There are two ways of preventing residual bleed-off magnetic energy from being
a nuisance to radio or electronic based devices situated in close proximity to
its
location. firstly, there is the matter of shrouding the projected magnetic
field
energy within a controlled path to focus it upon its pull target(s). Secondly,
it is
an elementary matter to tighten and more narrowly focus the controlled channel
path of the magrEetic energy by surrounding or shrouding that path with
closely
spaced electrical wire which is energized at the same time each electromagnet
is
energized. Both of these featurE~s are to be included in the preferred
embodiment of the subject invention. For purposes of clarity in the drawings
provided herewith, only the magnetic path focusing shroud is shown.
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The combination focusing and field containment shroud would be outside of, and
concentric with the electromagnet windings, and closely concentrically
parallel
therewith. There would be a small air gap between the said shroud coil and the
windings and/or the exposed core end of the shrouded electromagnet.
Driving energy for' the electromagnetic impulse motor, at 12 volts DC, is
provided
by means of a 12 volt battery, such as would be installed and used in an
automobile. An automobile alternator generator, with its usual diode system
for
conversion of its output to DC, is followed by a normal automotive type of
voltage
regulator, and provides continuous input to the battery while the subject
motor is
running. Those three items would be present state of the art.
Although not described in detail in this presentation, a cycle controller,
somewhat
similar to those now commonly used on AC electric motors, is used to control
the
electromagnet impulses and cycling of same. Its main differences from present
AC electric motor controllers, is 'that it is adapted to the DC voltage and
current
required by the electromagnets, and its output cycles can be readily
controlled by
means of a rheostat or other currently available electronic device, designed
to
do the same things. Cycle controller technology is now patented, in common
use, and is further a familiar item to those presently skilled in the art.
This motor is modular, as a second and/or third combination of flywheel and
electromagnets could easily be employed on the same common axle. It is also
to be noted herein that through the use of a larger diameter flywheel and axle
shaft, versions of this motor can be built for larger scale applications. Such
larger
versions can also be built with tvrvo or three flywheel equivalents, to
provide
power for larger applications.
It will be also apparent that pulling electromagnets, shown in the drawings
presented herewith as situated radially beyond the outside centerline
circumference path of the tips of the magnetic target pieces, could just as
easil~r
be placed in continuously alternating proportionate positions beyond the side
edges of the said target pieces. This configuration might be employed for
instance, to increase the number of pulling impulses applied to the target
pieces
in order to increase available power output from this type of motor.
This invention could include permanent magnets as the target elements on its
flywheel, to enhance its potential output, and also the target elements could
be
simultaneously energized electromagnets, and both of those potentials are not
seriously challenging for someone skilled in the art, and progression of its
development are very likely to include such adaptions. It is not necessary to
further illustrate such adaptions iin this presentation, as it would surely
become
obvious enough to electrical engineers and others skilled in the art, that
such
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further improvements to the basic technology presented herein could be a
natural progression in the process of further development.
With all of the foregoing in view, and such further purposes, advantages or
novel
features as may become apparent from consideration of this disclosure and
specification, the present invention consists of the inventive concept which
is
comprised, embodied, embraced or included in various specific embodiments of
such concept, reference being made to the accompanying figures, in which :-
Figure 1 is a side view of the mechanical output drive system of the
electromagnetic impulse motor, including its triangular rotor with magnetic
pull
target discs thereon, and such main components are shown mounted on the
supporting base frame of the motor.
Figure 2 is a cutaway front facing view of the electromagnetic drive system of
the
motor, including electromagnets and focusing and field containment shroud,
with
mounting and containment brackets and framework components shown in their
specific positions.
Figure 3 is a side facing view of the complete motor unit with encasement
cover
thereon, and as properly mounted onto the supporting base frame of the motor.
Figure 4 is a front facing view of the complete motor unit with encasement
cover
thereon, and as properly mounted onto the supporting base frame of the motor.
Additional detail is provided as to the motor base frame and cover design.
Proceeding therefore to describf~ the invention in detail, the simple
mechanical
output drive system of the motor' consists of driveshaft 1, mounted through
adequate bearings 2, with drive rotor 4, complete with magnetic pull target
discs
5, mounted thereon, being held in proper position on driveshaft 1, by means of
hub flanges 3. The said drive assembly is securely bolt mounted onto frame
motor frame 6, by means of two bolts holding down each of the bearings 2.
Figure 2 is a cutaway front facing view of the electromagnetic drive system of
the
motor with its mounting fittings and brackets mounted on its hexagonal high
strength back framework 7. The said back framework is identical to the front
framework of the said electromagnetic drive system. All electromagnetic drive
elements thereon are shown in their correct positions, as follows, where we
have
in each of six separate assemblies consisting of electromagnet holding bracket
11, electromagnel: mounting and holding bolt 12, electromagnet 14, with
conically
tapered mild steel core, concave focusing curvature at its pulling output end
a
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substantial number of turns of magnet wire thereon. The wider concave mild
steel core of the output end of each said electromagnet 14, is shrouded by U-
shaped magnetic path containment shroud 15, made or wound of copper magnet
wire, and the said shroud 15, is firmly and accurately held in place by means
of
combination shroud liner and bracket extensions thereof 16, as held in place
on
combination bridging and bracket holder elements, 10, by means of small screws
or bolts. Substantially triangular drive rotor 4, is shown in its proper
position on
drive axle or driveshaft 1, with hub flange 3, and mounting bolt holes 13,
thereon.
Magnetic pulling target pieces 5, of which there are two at each end of the
said
rotor, facing opposite directions in the rotational path of the said rotor 4.
The
said high strength hexagonal framework 7 is firmly and accurately mounted and
centered in place on top of, and slotted over motor positioning and centering
element 17, which has a longer piece notched into and extending through to the
flat front and back faces of framework 7, and on top of the said longer piece,
is a
shorter centering piece of the length of the front to back space between the
front
and back pieces of framework 7. Motor, frame and component mounting
brackets or pieces 8, 10 and 11 extend completely across between the inside
faces of the front and back electromagnetic drive frame pieces 7, and are all
accurately welded in place, onto and in between the front and back drive frame
pieces 7 with open or threaded bolt or screw holes therein as required, for
the
accurate and effective mounting of the various components as shown in Figure
2. The entire framework 7, is mounted onto motor frame 6, by means of
mounting brackets 9, as welded to motor frame 6, and framework 7, is held
firmly
in place by means of bolts through mounting brackets 9 which are threaded into
brackets 8.
Figure 3 is a side view of the complete motor unit, with encasement cover 18,
thereon, as held in place by means of bolts 19. A facing view of mounting
bracket 9, holding the electromagnetic drive assembly in place, onto and
against
motor frame 6, by means of four bolts. Relative positions of drive axle 1,
bearings 2, and hub flanges 3 are also shown.
Figure 4 is a front view of the complete motor unit with encasement cover 18,
thereon, as basically held in place by virtue of its shape, and further bolted
down
by means of bolts 21. The said encasement cover 18, extends all the way down
from the top of the motor assembly to its bottom holding framework. The said
cover 18, has an open slot of adequate width on its front and back facing
sides,
so that it may easily enshroud the main motor assembly, while its opening is
large or wide enough to provide adequate clearance between it and hub flange
3, as shown in Figure 1. The right and left lower sides of the said motor
assembly are covered by two individual cover pieces 20, held in place by means
of flush-fitting screws.
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The said center slots or openings in cover 18, are covered by further cover
pieces 21, and cover 18 has welded thereon overlapping cover pieces 22, to
cover its enclosed ends of separate cover pieces 20, and 21.
Based on the foregoing detailed description, together with related comments
and
explanations, the objects set forth hereinbefore should be successfully
achieved.
Also, while there is shown and described a presently preferred embodiment of
the invention, it is understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but
may be
otherwise variously embodied and applied within the scope of the following
claims. Accordingly.
