Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
INHIBITORY OR BLOCKING AGENTS OF MOLECULAR GENERATING
AND/OR INDUCING FUNCTIONS
This is a divisional application of Canadian Patent
Application Serial No. 2,199,474 filed on September 7, 1995.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The subject matter of the parent application was
restricted to compositions and uses of compounds of formula 3-a
disclosed herein. However, it should be understood that the
expression "the invention" and the like encompasses the subject
matter of both the parent and the divisional application.
This invention relates to compounds which have inhibitory
effect or blocking effects on substrates (for example, lipids,
carbohydrates, amino acids) of less than 10000 of molecular
weight which has constituted structure and function of organism
fundamentally and, function which is generated by
macromolecules such as peptides, proteins, enzymes, nucleic
acids and genes (DNA, tRNA, mRNA, rRNA) which are synthesized
biologically. These applications of those inhibitory effects
or blocking effects relate to antibacterial agents, antifungal
agent, antiviral agent, bactericidal and/or sterilized agents
(food stuff preserving agents, germination inhibitory or
maturation inhibitory agents for fruits and vegetables,
antibacterial agents accompanied with forming or elaborating
process of plastics, antimicrobial coating materials and, waxes
for interior materials and floor, preventable agents of
bacterial and fungal proliferation and/or infection for house
holding electric instruments, daily use goods, house
furnishings and, agents for preventing of bacterial and fungal
proliferation and/or infection for paper and pulp such as slime
cleaning agents on industrial field of electronics, preventable
agents of bacterial and fungal proliferation and/or
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
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infection for metal processing, preventable agents of
bacterial and fungal proliferation and/or infection for
the disposal of wastes), and those are also related to
anticancer drugs, contraceptive agents for external use
and/or spermatocidal agents, anticoagulants and/or
antifibrinolytic agents, modulating agents of function of
bioactive substances and/or inhibitors of bioactive
substances such as enzymes, peptides, genes and so on,
inhibitory and/or blocking agents of antigen-antibody
reaction, organ and tissue preservatives, thrombolytic
agents, conformation altering agents of saccharide-chains,
agents for preventing arteriosclerosis, metabolism
(lipids, sugar) improving agents, agents for wound
healing, epithelialization promoting agents (including
restoration effect of hair). Moreover, those are related
to reductants of non-biological molecules (phospholipids,
glyceryl group, sulfudoryl group, thiol ester group,.
monosaccharide and disaccharide with polysaccharide,
silicone, vinyl, cellulose and so on), free radical
scavengers, desulfurization agents and/or oxidation
preventing agents. In addition, those are related to the
following effects concerning low molecules and /or
macromolecules of non-biological substances, based on
chemical and orbital dynamic concept concerning the
inhibitory or blocking agents of molecular generating
and/or inducing functions, which is proposed in this
invention. Those are related to depolymerization agents,
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
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improving agents for surface active substances,' phase
transition agents, improving agents of phase transition,
plasticity and/or elasticity promoting agents, plasticity
and/or elasticity improving agents (plasticizers), fiber
flexibility promoters, improving agents for fiber
flexibility, glutinous agents, viscidity improving agents,
adhesives, adhesive property improving agents, painting
agents, improving agents of painting, moldability
improving agents, improving agents of molding forming
and/or fabrication, copolymerization agents, stabilizers,
antioxidants, improving agents for filling and plugging,
agents for improving smoothness, ultraviolet rays
bsorbents, ultraviolet rays absorptivity improving agents,
shock-resistant improving agents, improving agents for
light stability, improving agents of mold lubricants,
mold releasing agents, parting agents or surface
lubricants, improving agents of molecular ring creator.
Moreover, those are related to improving agents of wear
resistance and/or abrasion resistance, aging resistors
and/or durability, improving agents of material property
and it's function, fluidability improving agents,
improving agents for property of water absorption,
improving agents for property of water resistance,
improving agents for rigidness, hardness and softness,
improving agents of crystallized materials and/or
amorphous materials, flexibility promoters, and improving
.agents for changing flexibility. And, those are related
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to improving agents of physical property of
macromolecules composite materials, function improving
agents of macromolecules composite materials, improving
agents of physical property of functional macromolecules
composite materials, function improving agents of
functional macromolecules composite materials, modulation
agents and/or improving agents of excitation wavelength
and fluorescent wavelength on pigmentums, coating
materials, cosmetic pigments, colorants, photolysis
agents and improving agents of photolysis.
BACKGROUND ART
Formerly, it has been well known that the basic
principle of organic structural chemistry such as bond
angle, molecular weight, acidity, bond length, structure,
hydrogen bond, resonance, basicity, optical activity,
configuration, and conformation is important as well as
mechanism of chemical reactions (by Morrison and Boyd,
organic chemistry, 6th edition, Tokyo Kagaku Doujinn
publication at reference < ref. 1>). On the other hand,
for example, elements of living organism consist of
lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids,
macromolecules amino acids and peptides and genes (for
example, DNA, tRNA, mRNA, rRNA) and by those elements, in
addition, formation of cell membrane, intracellular
organella, intracellular and/or extracellular substrates
are constructed. Function of these complex substances is
generated by multi-dimensional structure (conformation)
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
depending on each substance. In order to understand the
mechanism which is related to development and generation
of each physiological function (recognition and/or
acceptance of substance), it is important to understand
5 the multi-dimensional structure which each substance has.
(Alberts, Bray, Lewis, Raff, Roberts and Watson works,
The Molecular Biology of the CELL, Garland Publishing
Inc., 3th. edition < ref. 2>). It is also known that
methyl group contributes in order to produce fluidability
and hydrophobicity of substances in the non-living
organism, which contains lipids, proteins and so on. <
ref. 1>. The cell membrane of organism, which is the
base units separating from external environment, also
consists of hydrophobic component of lipids outside a
membrane. And, this cell membrane has important role in
signal acceptance into a cell from another cell. To
connect and adhere-between each cell and to surround
intercellular organella also constructed with extremely
thin film-like membrane which consist of lipids and
proteins molecules. The proteins which is embedded in
the membrane has highly biological activities as
intermediates around the cell, and between an inside of
organella and cytoplasm. According to types of cells, it
is an existence of various enzymes which involves in
intracellular signal transduction and in intercellular
respiration. In addition, it is also known that there is
-a substance such as tubulin which is relation on
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morphologic keep of cell, mitosis and prolifelation.
Moreover, proteins in a plasma membrane contribute to
recognize signals between cells. Hydroxyl group,
sulfudoryl group (-SH) and disulfide bond are constituted
ester. According to these cross-linking reaction, also,
physiological functions which are generated by multi-
dimensional structure of a substance are altered. In
addition, amino nitrogen generates property of basicity
as well as nucleophilic property on molecular reaction.
When peptides and proteins are denaturated, coiling of
each peptide and proteins is relaxed. Thus, the
particular multi-dimensional structure of the peptide and
proteins is crumbled, followed by losing a particular .
bioactivity of the peptides and proteins. Moreover, such
change in conformation appears not only in peptide and
proteins but in complex substance with phospholipids and
glycoproteins (for.example, nucleic acids). In addition,
in order to maintain a specificity of each physiological
function which is generated by moiety of membrane, a
substance which is secreted into the outside of cells,
enzymes which exists into the cell, cytoskeleton and a
substrate which is synthesized within cell, it is also
known that it is important that each substance forming
living organism has two-dimensional and three-dimensional
configuration such as helical structure and sheet. A
state of charge distribution and electric charge density
of molecules which consist of substances and is generated
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function by these multi-dimensional structure differs in
species differences. and morbidity < ref. 2>. In addition,
virus, which has not cell membrane and is not living
organism, consists of peptides chain which are
constructed by many amino acid bindings. And, these
virus particles have also multi-dimensional structure
such as two-dimension and/or three-dimension. Among
multi-dimensional structure, helical structure is formed
in 3.6 amino acid residues per one helical rotation.
Thus, it produces a space which side chain can occupy.
And, possible hydrogen bonds on this helical structure
can be constituted all. In addition, multi-dimensional
structure generates the function of a domain, beta domain,
a /beta domain, exon or intron. This concept is also a
scientific fact and important knowledge. Though a core
part of this structure is conserved in homologous
proteins, dimensional changes in a helix loop region
occur. Moreover, formation of conformation depends on a
type of the secondary structure to bind each loop and a
number of amino acids in helix loop rather than amino
acid sequences. Therefore, it is in general to be
determined by combination of a-a, beta-beta, a -beta or
beta sheet-a loop. And, multi-dimensional structure of
helix loop induces a change of cytoskeleton, mitosis and
prolifelation according to change in conformation of each
substance (for example, tubulin and spectrin) resulting
from changes in an intracellular energy. Moreover,
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recent scientific topics is to know mechanism of
oncogeneis, mechanism of anticancer agents, mechanism of
anti-proliferation, natural cell death (for example
apoptosis), mechanism of aging process of the nerve cell,
cell recognition or mechanism of cell adhesion. While
such scientific knowledge is'turned into basement, it is
hoped for development of new drugs which is utilized to
organism such as human being. Though pharmacological
effects of conventional antibacterial agents and
anticancer drugs have been introduced at cell death,
primary mechanism of cell death due to those conventional
antibacterial agents and anticancer drugs is to raise
denaturation, coagulation and/or necrosis. For this
reason, an appearance of mutants and resistant strains as
major scientific problems has been left numerously to be
resolved. From such a reason, additionally, scientific
interest in mechanism of apoptosis arises at present.
Moreover, living organism can move automatically by a
flagellum and pilli, and a supermicro-size of motor has
been provided for pilli of spermatozoa. On driving
motor of this organism, energy which is generated by
hydrolysis of ATP is utilized. A change in this energy
produces to alter multi-dimensional structure of the
helix loop which is configurated by myosin. These
multi-dimensional structure is to apply to molecular
biology of every kinds of genes and antibodies from
recent knowledge. It is well known scientific fact and
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
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knowledge that it is important to generate physiological
function based on recognizing two- or three-dimensional
conformation of each substance < ref. 2 >. But, it has
been known that the substance which consists of living
organism does not usually exist in an initial position
and, it exists in dynamic state (for example, movement of
membrane proteins is slower than that of lipids molecules
which is about 100 times later). In addition, if
movement of lipids molecule results in more animation,
fluidability of a membrane indeed becomes larger. But,
the speed of the movement differs dependently on types of
lipids. A self-action adjustment capability of membrane
fluidability holds in organism. On the other hand, it is
also known that a hindrance of those adjustment
capability causes onset of diseases in human being. For
this reason, it is hoped standby that the countermeasure
is proposed against a hindrance of the adjustment
capability. In addition, interaction of hydrophobicity
between hydrophobic groups is greatly committing in
stability of lipids bilayer of the biomembrane which is
known as a fluidability model. Moreover, since side
chain of many amino acids with hydrophobic property
flanking in an inside ofproteins, it does not come in
contact with to water. For this reason, it is also well
known that multi-dimensional structure ofproteins is kept
by hydrogen bond, hydrophobic interaction and van der
Waals force and, it makes a flexible matrix. Greater
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
hydrophobic solute is more easily to bind to proteins.
In order to get in a hydrophobic region close atproteins
surface which hydrophobic molecule exists, it is thought
that conformation ofproteins changes. In this way, when
5 life events is understood, it is to be important to
understand life activity dynamically and
multidimensionally. According to a base of the
scientific logic mentioned above, the scientific interest
in controlling quality of physiological activity is
10 needless to say and, proposal of a new manner for
prevention and treatment of various kinds of diseases is
eagerness historically.
Though it is not necessary to do more than to read
history of relationship between a man and diseases, a
fighting to pathogenic microbacterial infection such as
bacteria and virus, it is serious problems which needs a
medical resolution. And, even though development of
advanced medical technology, it is a serious problem that
multiple organ failure accompanied with sepsis and
disseminated intravascular coagulation causes to result
in the death of human being (Hypotension -for clinician
to understanding pathophysiology - Fujita Publ. by
Koyama) < ref. 3>. Various kinds of pathogenic
microbacteria such as staphylococcus aureus,
streptococcus, E. Coli, acid-fast bacteria, mycete and
virus usually exist on the living space of human being as
origin of various infectious diseases. Up to this time,
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IZ
sanitatory administration to the living space of human
being can have been turned into prevention of this
pathogenic microbacterial and viral infection. Thus,
lots of drugs are utilized in a treatment and prevention
for infectious disease in living space of human being, by
using disinfectant and/or bactericidal agents. As a
result, lots of the fruits have been raised. However,
while development of antibacterial agents is noticeable,
application of drugs concurs at an appearance of a
resistant strain and, a social administrative problem as
well as difficulties of medical care has been raised.
For example, it is an appearance of various kinds of
multi-drug resistant strains which represent methitilin
resistance staphylococcus aureus (<MRSA> with
abbreviation). In order to show resistance to lots of
beta-lactam group drugs in staphylococcus aureus, a
treatment for infectious disease due to MRSA is difficult
and, it becomes pathogenic organism such as opportunistic
infection and postoperative infection in clinical
practices and, an infected patient to this MRSA changes a
serious illness and, he is easy to fall into sepsis and
multiple organ failure. Thus, onset of untreatable
infection due to MRSA is a serious social issue. An
infection of pseudomonas aeruginosa is anxious for
preventing secondary infection from burn injury as a
complication. From a point of related view with cystic
pulmonary fibrosis, recently, an approach to preventing
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this infection of pseudomonas aeruginosa is a great
problem. Moreover, many interests are recently brought
nearer to helicobacter pylori as a cause of peptic ulcer
or abhorrent factor. In addition, infection of acid-fast
bacteria and mycete is international problems as for an
infectious complication whose acquired immune deficient
syndrome (AIDS) is fatal. Therefore, it is an important
international request that it is developed valid drugs on
an infectious disease by virus, drugs which have
potencies of antimicrobacterial effect to MRSA and/or
acid-fast bacteria, drugs for E. Coli which is easy to
cause sepsis, drugs which have potencies of antifungal
effect.
And also, recently, opportunistic infection in daily
living space (for example, air-conditioning contamination
according to regionerae) and on surrounding in life
behavior as well as in a hospital become serious
problems and, bactericidal and/or sterilized agents is
recognized again as a prevention countermeasure of
bacteria contamination including opportunistic infection.
An appearance of society which is populated by many aged
generation has been appealed in the near future and,
urgent technological development is expected a
counterattack of medical care for the aged.
Generally, staphylococcus aureus, acid-fast bacteria,
mycete and virus are easy to encounter an opportunity of
an infection through respiratory system such as nasal
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cavity and pharynx, and through digestive tract.
Conventional bactericidal and/or sterilized agents
frequently depends on a physical manner by living space
of human being and at surroundings in life behavior and,
moreover, major administration route of drugs such as
antibiotic is sometimes restricted in the way of oral
administration, intravenous administration and/or direct
administration to the infection focus and, there is some
apprehensions and inconveniences to medical care
specialists, a nursing volunteers and home helpers as
well as patients them self. But, during a period which
people is alive, we have to continue to come in contact
with an external air through skin and respiratory system.
Thus, it is expected to utilize room air which is living
space for preventing or treating infectious diseases.
Generally, in order that bacteria can obtain their
resistant abilities by various genetic mechanism such as
mutation, selection, character introduction,
autotransduction of plasmid, bacterial infection can not
be prevented completely by using of conventional simple
substance which is chemically synthesized and, the
chemotherapeutic agents without induction of being a
resistant strain also have not supplied until the present.
And, as an aim for an inhibition of a primary structure
of the substances which consist of bacterial membrane, a
few of drugs with antimicrobacterial effect has been
applied abundantly. All the more, while developments of
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an administration manner of antibacterial agents are also
important and are anticipated, additional development of
new antibacterial, antifungal agents and/or and antiviral
agents which affect on multi-dimensional structure is
expected strongly. Moreover, for a marked increase in
population on the earth, namely developing countries, it
is important to propose a possible planning of birth
control even in regarding with supplying foods and
trusting of natural resource in the future. However,
though a use of physical contraception such as condom and
pessary is as a matter of course as for planning of birth
control, ovulation control by use of a female sex hormone
and operative contraception to both male and female is
driven proposal internationally. In order to avoid to be
damaged the heredity information of spermatozoa to
suppress it's fertility, a new method of the
contraception which can inhibit a movement ability of
spermatozoa is also expected. On the other hand, in
order to generate the function of living organism, multi-
dimensional structure of substances as above-mentioned
plays an important role. However, though it is expected
that a substance with simple. chemical structure can
inhibit and/or block the function generated or induced by
the multi-dimensional structure of biological substances,
there is not proposal of such representative substance,
which is little harm and safety, concerning life
continuation as integrated whole body at the present.
..._ ........
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Not only proposal of such representative substances and
several proofed efficiencies above mentioned is interest-
in academic events such as biology, chemistry and
medicine, but it is sought that such a suggestion is
5 hastily proposal in practical medical care.
Numerous daily materials, industrial and
environmental materials are provided to develop at the
present society by understanding, analyzing,
manufacturing and improving physical property of low
10 molecule substances and macromolecules substances and by
utilizing their functional properties. But, by
qualitatively advancing improvement of physical property
of low molecule substances and macromolecules substances,
an expectation is to propose a representative which makes
15 function, efficiency, comfortableness and safety. For
example, physical property of a macromolecules substance
such as surface activity substance and polymerization
substance is described briefly.
A magnitude of surface activity relates on
criticality density for micell formation and
solubilization. And, Krafft point is lower as a chain-
like (rod-like) part with the substance is short. It is
known that a value of criticality density of micell
formation is greater as a chain-like (rod-like) part
with the substance is short. According to each
characteristic configuration of molecule in surface-
active agents and/or surfactants, it can effectively
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produces bubbling formation, wetting, a fall of surface
tension, emulsification (formation of emulsion ),
solubilization, formation of micelle detergency. In
addition, in a case of substance with properties of water
insoluble and strong hydrophilic, a less intermolecular
force between it's molecule and broad wide spreading on
the water surface, it is also known that a membrane with
one molecular layer (single molecular film) is formed.
If this single molecular film can be transferred on the
surface of solid, a surface of hydrophobicity is obtained.
For this reason, proposal of improving agents for surface
active substances is that it is prospected in making thin
film such as LB membrane. In addition, surface-active
agents and/or surfactants has a potency of disinfection,
stability in hard water. By utilizing these effect,
surface-active agents and/or surfactants are blended
cosmetics, cleansing creams, shampoos and rinses and,
they are widely utilized in electrically charging
preventive agents (antistatic agents) of plastics and
fibers, softening agents of fibers, foaming, frothing,
lathering or whipping agents of aerosol and tinction
assistants. Thus, proposal of improving agents for
surface active substances is prospected in many fields.
Moreover, polyethylene is representative in various kinds
of polymers. Polyethylene is a thermoplastic crystal
which is repeated of -CH2CH2- and, it produces branches
dependently on a manufacturing method resulting-in
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
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decrease in crystallinity and rigidity as well as
increase in transparence. In addition, polyethylene is
added short chained branch (for example, ethyl branch and
butyl branch) by pull out reaction (abstraction reaction)
of hydrogen within molecule due to back-biting during
polymerization resulting in low density and, branch (long
chained branch) which is identical to main chain of the
polymer is produced by pull out reaction (abstraction
reaction) of hydrogen between molecules. Linear
polyethylene (LLD polyethylene) has an intensity for
impact force. In addition, medium density polyethylene
(MD polyethylene) and ultra-low density polyethylene (VLD
polyethylene) are used as improving or reforming agents
of resins. Ultrahigh. molecule weight polyethylene (UHMW
polyethylene) is applied widely by the reason that it is
superior to self-lubricating, shock resistance and wear
resistance and/or abrasion resistance. In this way, it
is expected to propose improving agents which can approve
property of each substance in order to make arise a
quality of macromolecules substances. Moreover, each
polymer in macromolecules substances has a characteristic
property itself. For example, ethylene/vinyl acetate
copolymer is superior in springiness, elasticity,
transparence, stout and heat seal. Polymer in
methacrylic acid ester group among methacrylate resins
and resins in acrylonitrile group is named generically
with metacrylate resin and,-they have widely utilized in
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materials for illumination, commercial advertising panel,
car and train,
electrical and/or optic materials, daily goods and so on
by use of their superior properties such as surface
luster, transparence and weather resistance. In addition,
other physical properties of polymers is filmed-formation
property, rubber-like property, mechanical stout, anti-
creep, flexibility, thermoplasticity, thermal resistance,
dimensional stability, phase transition, shock resistance,
fluidability, surface luster, water resisting property
and chemical resistance. Moreover, there are
processability, printing, painting, deposition, secondary
processing such as lamination, epibole, waterproof,
separating, bubble-breaking, oxidation prevention,
increasing viscosity, pyrogenetically consolidating
property, gelatinization at ordinary temperature, thermal
displacement, thermal resistance, alkali resistance,
flexural strength, bending elasticity, tug strength,
electric characteristics, adhesion, erosion- or rust-
resistance, sliding property with thermal resistance,
radiation resistance, poly-valenced metal ion capture
ability (chelate ability), dispersibility, aggregation
ability as another physical properties. Concerning our
present social civilization life, these macromolecules
substances are necessary and indispensable in our daily
life. Thus, it is expected to provide more effective
materials which are improved each physical property by
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combining with each physical property. Polyethylene
glycol is one example of the macromolecules which is
daily used in general. Application of polyethylene
glycol is widely expanded into the manufacturing fields
such as cream lotion in cosmetic industry, lubricant in
metal processing and/or fiber industry, binder of tablet
for pills in pharmaceutic industry and basic material for
producing surface-active agents and/or surfactants and,
moreover, it is also utilized flocculant for inorganic
substances such as clay , resin reform agents
(prohydration), thickeners, binders for ceramic, pulp
dispersing agents and flocculants for pulp. Then, it is
expected to be improved physical property of polyethylene
glycol as more safety and effective materials. Moreover,
highly polymerized sodium polyethylene acrylic acid is
permitted legally as food additive and/or cosmetics
material. Thus, it is expected that a proposal of new
technique and/or new substance can improve a physical
property resulting from change in multi-dimensional
structure (conformation) of this polyethylene acryl amide
polymer.
In generating property of various types of fibers
such as natural fibers in cellulose group, synthetic
fibers in hydrocarbon group, synthetic fibers in
polyvinyl alcohol group, acrylic synthetic fibers,
polyamide synthetic fibers, aramide fibers, synthetic
fibers in polyester group, fibers in polyurethane group
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
and carbon fibers, each characteristic feature of those
fibers is produced by their molecule configuration and
their multi-dimensional structure. Moreover, each
physical property of natural gum and synthetic rubber
5 latex, which can produce rubber-like elasticity
dependently on given temperature, is also changed by
alteration of multi-dimensional structure. Collagen also
takes three pairs of right winding spiral structure
resulting from formation of left winding helix. Thus,
10 the role of function of this collagen also differs by
it's multi-dimensional structure. Generation of function
corresponding to the aim and it's utilization is also
expected by improving the multi-dimensional-structure of
collagen fibers.
15 Moreover, there are cosmetic pigments, agents in
water-soluble coating materials, scale preventing agents,
electroconductive treating agents, stabilizers for
emulsion and polymerization, coating materials utilized
paint film formation, coating materials of powder,
20 coating materials for radiation. consolidation, soluble
non-dispersing coating materials and others as another
uses of macromolecules. Those are also applied to
housing materials, electricity products, motor vehicles,
construction materials, furnitures and electric wire
insulation mantles and so on. From such reasons,
proposal of a new technique and/or a new substance to
improve the physical property of these coating materials
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is prospected.
So, in order to extend utilization of macromolecules,
appropriate adhesives is also necessary. To improve
function of these adhesives and to efficiently utilize
macromolecules substances is expected in various fields
such as medical care system, transport system,
communication system and constructions.
Moreover, composite materials of macromolecules with
specific function is used. The specific function is
optical transfer, polarity, recording medium for
electronic machines, separating membrane, electrical
conductivity, electrical conductivity with transparence,
electricity conductivity related to optical radiation,
vibration-damping, sound arresting, heat conductivity and
so on. Additionally, composite materials of
macromolecules with specific function has a possible
potential to apply-into tip materials such as module for
separation, metallizing resins, impact-relaxation
materials, vibration-damping conductive materials, optic
fibers, magnetic recording medium, optical recording
medium, rewritable optical disc. For this reason, a new
technique and possible idea which can easily control the
function of composite materials as well as change in
configuration of the materials are expected in order to
make function and performance better.
In addition, functional polymers which can cause a
chemical change or a physical change by physical and
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chemical stimuli externally and which can produce a state
change by interaction with a corresponding substance are
generated by effects of reactable substrate with specific
function which is introduced into main chains and/or side
chains of macromolecules or it's precursor and by a
proportional property and specific conformation of an
additive. For example, there are materials for
electricity, semiconductor related materials,
photosensitive polymeric materials, recording materials,
materials for liquid crystal display, tip materials,
liquid crystal materials of macromolecules,
optoelectronics materials, materials for thin films,
photochromic materials, optical recording materials,
optical tip materials, holographic recording materials,
nonlinear optical tip materials, optical responding
materials, sensor related materials and transducer
related materials as functional polymer composites.
Therefore, in order to make well generation, good
efficiency and accurate stabilization of each functional
property, it is expected to improve function of these
polymers. In addition, an improvement of printed circuit
board materials for the optical disc which needs property
such as transparence, mechanical intensity and thermal
resistance and of thin film materials such as the
amorphic membrane which polymerized membrane is cross-
linked tridimensionality is also expected. Moreover, as
an applied example of macromolecules, there is also
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
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polymer with photochemistry reaction which causes a
configuration change such as cross-linking,
polymerization, polarity change, decomposition and
depolymerization due to to light. Thus, as well as
improvement of chemical structure of these photosensitive
functional polymers, it is also expected that proposal of
a new technique and possible idea which can improve a
physical property of materials by changing those
conformation.
Moreover, there are also macromolecular substances
which have been utilized for detergents, cosmetics and
foodstuff. A substance with more useful physical
property which results.from improving conformation
accompanied with generating functional property has been
expected to make quality of life and environment better.
Additionally, property of macromolecules is utilized as
supporting materials in medical health care, then, it is
also expected to propose useful and new biomaterials
which have better fitness and adaptation to body by
improving property of conventional biomaterials which is
utilized macromolecules. 'In addition, there are also
stabilizers which makes stability against heat and light,
antioxidants (age resistors) which prevents progress of
oxidation and ozonolysis, promoting agents which makes
plasticity, elasticity and processability well and
softener. Moreover, there are also flame retarders with
fire-resistance, cross-linking agents, fillers, treating
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agents for fibers, oily agents, electrically charging
preventive agents (antistatic agents), final forming
agents for flexibility, final forming agents for polymers,
additives for plastics, ultraviolet rays absorbents,
optical stabilizers, lubricants, curing agents and/or
vulcanizing agents, age resistors and softeners. In
addition, there are also sclerosing agents and tackifiers,
reinforcers, fillers, additives for adhesives, additives
for coating materials, cosmetic pigments, solvents,
consolidation accelerators, deterioration preventives,
dispersing agents as a tool as additives of polymeric
materials.Then, it is known well that those are used
corresponding to each objective. By improving. property
of such additives which are used for these polymeric
materials, it is expected to provide a new material which
has useful functional property.
Moreover, there are various kind of macromolecules
for using as detergents, cosmetics and foodstuff.
Macromolecules in foodstuff as an example are
representative substances such as polysaccharides,
foodstuff proteins and macromolecules for gum.
Macromolecules for gum, for example, have natural resins
such as chicle, soruba and jelutong which contains
polyethylene isoprene and which is utilized chewing gum
as natural additives. In addition, there are vinyl
acetate resin, polyisobutylene, polyethylene butene,
isobutylene-isoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
(SBR), polyethylene, terpene resin and so on as food
additives. Macromolecules extracted from plants and/or
animals as well as synthesized macromolecules are used in
detergents and cosmetics. Thus, it is important that in
5 the point of view at better quality of life itself as
well as life space, physical property of macromolecular
substances is improved it's conformation generating
specific characteristic and function, resulting in being
useful one. In addition, an example of utilizing a
10 property of macromolecules as medical care aids materials
is a dialysis membrane. As a material of a dialysis
membrane, though natural macromolecules (celluloses,
cellulose acetate fibers) and synthesized macromolecules
(for example, polymethylmethacrylate, polyacrylonitrile,
15 polysulfone, ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer) is general
purposed, it is also expected to develop a useful and
well adapting biomaterials by improving property of
these conventional biomaterials. Moreover, prospected
additives are antioxidants (or age resistors) which
20 prevent an progress of oxidation and ozonolysis and
stabilizers which make stability constant against heat
and light. It is also expected to make each performance
better by processing a new additive to promoting agents
which makes plasticity and/or elasticity, softeners,
25 flame retarders which is added flame-resisting, cross-
linking agents (or curing agents and/or vulcanizing
agents), fillers, treating agents for fibers, oily agents
CA 02396745 2002-08-29 _ __ ...
26
(for example, spinning oil), antistatic agent (for
example, compounds with polyethylene glycol chain,
surface-active agents and/or surfactants), final forming
agents for flexibility, final forming agents for polymers
or additives for plastics. Ultraviolet rays absorbents,
optical stabilizers, lubricants, curing agents and/or
vulcanizing agents, and age resistors are also important
as additives. Softener has an effect. as a lubricant in
the intermolecular space of gum and has a potency of
controlling dispersibility of other additives and, they
play a role of increasing in volume of combination agents.
In order to produce better physical property such as
hardness, tug strength, modulus, anti-elasticity,
friction resistance, wear resistance, tear resistance
into carbon black and rubber goods, tackifiers and/or
reinforcers frequently are added. In addition, fillers,
additives for adhesives, additives for coating materials,
cosmetic pigments, solvents, sclerosing agents,
consolidation accelerators, deterioration preventives,
dispersing agents and so on are used as additives of
macromolecular materials according to each objective.
It is expected to improve property of those additives for
various kinds of macromolecular materials as above
mentioned.
In conformity with a biological fact mentioned above,
it is expected to provide a representative agent and/or
drug with the following effects, that can inhibit or
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
27
block the function generated by multi-dimensional
structure of substances which consists of living
organism; extracellular matrix, cell membrane,
cytoskeleton, cytoplasm and components of intracellular
organella such as enzymes, genes, antibody, proteins,
sugars, lipids. Those agents and/or drugs are
antibacterial agents, antifungal agent, antiviral agent,
bactericidal and/or sterilized agents, anticancer drugs,
anticoagulants and/or antifibrinolytic agents, blood
coagulation and fibrinolysis blocking agents, inhibitory
and/or blocking agents of antigen-antibody reaction,
organ and/or tissue preservatives, food preservatives.
in addition, those agents and/or drugs are also
germination or maturation inhibitory agents of fruits and
vegetables, antibacterial agents for plastic processing,
antimicrobial coating materials, antimicrobial resin
waxes, house holding electric instruments, agents for
preventing of bacterial and fungal proliferation and/or
infection of house furnishings and daily use goods, slime
preventing agents for pulp and paper, cleaning agents on
field of electronics, agents for preventing bacterial and
fungal proliferation and/or infection on metal processing
oil (metal working fluid), the agents for preventing
bacterial and fungal proliferation and/or infection on
the disposal of waste. Moreover, it was hoped for
development of inhibitory agents and/or blocking agents
of function due to bioactive substances such as enzymes,.
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
28
peptides and genes, spermatocidal agents or contraceptive
agents for external use, thrombolytic agents,
conformation altering agents of saccharide-chains, agents
for preventing arteriosclerosis, metabolism (lipids,
sugar, proteins) improving agents, agents for wound
healing, epithelialization promoting agents, and
inhibitors and/or blocking agents'which are able to
inhibit or block function generated by the multi-
dimensional structure of substance which living organism
has many kinds of substrates.
An objective of this invention is to resolve problems
above mentioned, and is to provide inhibitory or blocking
agents of molecular generating and/or inducing functions,
that can inhibit or block function generated by multi-
dimensional structure of reactive substrates and has a
simple chemical structure.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
In order to complete above-mentioned objective, as
the result that the inventors repeated research with all
our mind, this invention came to be completed that the
chemical compounds which is shown in the following
general formula (1-a) (1-b), general formula (2), general
formula (3-a) (3-b) or those acid addition salt compounds
which are active provide the objective mentioned above.
The invention provides inhibitory or blocking agents
of molecular generating and/or inducing
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
29
functions which has the original molecular structure
shown in general formula (1-a) (1-b). And, the compounds,
the derivatives or those acid addition salt compounds
provide antibacterial agents, antifungal agent, antiviral
agent, bactericidal and/or sterilized agents, anticancer
drugs, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis inhibitors
and/or blocking agents, inhibitory and/or blocking agents
of antigen-antibody reaction, organ and/or tissue
preservatives, antiseptics and preservatives for
foodstuffs, germination and maturation inhibitory agents
for fruits and vegetables. In addition, the compounds,
the derivatives or those acid addition salt compounds
provide antibacterial agents for plastic processing,
antimicrobial coating materials, antimicrobial resin
waxes, agents for preventing of bacterial and fungal
proliferation and/or infection of house holding electric
instruments, daily use goods and house furnishings, slime
preventing agents for papers and pulps, cleaning agents
in field of electronics, agents for preventing bacterial
and fungal proliferation and/or infection for metal
processing oil (metal working fluid), agents for
preventing bacterial and fungal proliferation and/or
infection for the disposal of waste. In addition, the
compounds, the derivatives or those acid addition salt
compounds provide spermatocidal agents and/or
contraceptive agents which aim to suppress fertility of
spermatozoa, thrombolytic agents, conformation altering-
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
agents of saccharide-chains, agents for preventing
arteriosclerosis, metabolism (lipids, sugar) improving
agents, agents for wound healing, epithelialization
promoting agents (including hair restoration effect),
5 inhibitors and/or blocking agents which can control
generation of function with bioactive substances (for
example, enzymes, peptides, gene). In addition, the
compounds, the derivatives or those acid addition salt
compounds can inhibit and/or block function generated by
10 multi-dimensional structure (conformation) of the
substance which consist of a shape and function of living
organism. Moreover, the compounds, the derivatives or
those acid addition salt compounds provide chemical
substances which can control, inhibit and/or block the
15 function which is generated by multi-dimensional
structure (conformation) with macromolecules substances
and macromolecules composite materials as well as living
organism. In addition, when halogen compounds such as
halogenated alkali metals or halogenated alkali-earthy
20 metals or halogenated zinc is added in the compounds
which were provided by this invention, a reaction is
able to be induced. Moreover, when gold colloid is added
in the compounds which were provided by this invention,
marking and/or labeling substances can be made and, it is
25 also possible to use the compounds which were provided by
this invention as dispersion (diffusion) preventives of
tinction and printing dye, ink stabilizers or dye
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
31
sticking agents. In addition, by using a color coupler
such as dye with the compounds which were provided by
this invention, coloring of the dye can be enhanced.
When fragrant agents is used with the compounds which
were provided by this invention, possible fragrance can
be produced. In addition, the compounds, the derivatives
or those acid addition salt compounds can be utilized as
depolymerization agents, surface-active agents and/or
surfactants, improving agents for surface active
substances, phase transition agents, improving agents of
phase transition, improving agents of microphase
separation structure, plasticity and/or elasticity
promoting agents, plasticity and/or elasticity improving
agents (plasticizers), copolymerization agents,
copolymerization improving agents, improving agents of
fluorescent wavelength of colorants, polymerization
regulators, improving agents of polymerization adjustment,
stabilizers, stabilization improving agents, antioxidants,
oxidation preventing agents, agents for improving
crystallized materials and/or amorphous materials,
fluidability improving agents, flexibility promoters,
improving agents for changing flexibility, alterable
agents of excitation wavelength, fluorescent wavelength
and excitation wavelength of pigmentums, coating
materials and cosmetic pigments. And, it is also
possible to utilize the compounds, the derivatives or
those acid addition salt compounds as the following
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
32
improving agents. Those are agents which can improve,
physical property of low molecule substances, agents
which can improve function of low molecule substances,
agents which can improve physical property of
macromolecules substance, agents which can improve
function of macromolecules substances, and agents which
can improve physical property of macromolecules composite
materials and functional macromolecules composite
materials.
O O
R2 R2 RI I
R3 R3 RI RIO
*R4 R6 *RR5
R5
A A
General Formula 1-a General Formula 1-b
However, in the formula,
(i) R1 , R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R10 and R11 represents
independently hydrogen atom; halogen atom; C1-C6 alkyl
group; amidino group; C3-C8 cycloalkyl group; C1-C6
alkoxy C1-C6 alkyl group; aryl group; allyl group;
aralkyl group in which one or more Cl-C6 alkyl groups are
bound to an aromatic ring selected from the group
consisting of benzene, naphthalene and anthracene ring;
Cl-C6 alkylene group; benzoyl group; cinnamyl group;
cinnamoyl group or furoyl group;
(ii) A represents hydrogen atom or
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
33
C H2- R8
-R(
CH2-R9
(wherein
R7 represents C1-C6 alkyl group; sulfide group or
phosphate group;
R8 and R9 represent independently hydrogen atom;
halogen atom; straight or branched C1-C6 alkyl group;
aryl group; allyl group; aralkyl group in which one or
more C1-C6 alkyl groups are bound to an aromatic ring
selected from the group consisting of benzene,
naphthalene and anthracene ring; C1-C6 alkylene group;
benzoyl group; cinnamyl group; cinnamoyl group or fuxoyl
group;
(iii) one or more of R1, R2, R3 and R4, and/or one or
more of R5, R6, R10 and R11 may be substituted or non-
substituted cyclopentyl group; substituted or non-
substituted cyclohexyl group; or substituted or non-
substituted naphthyl group;
(iv) R5, R6, R10 and R11 may form a ring by binding with
another condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound or
heterocyclic compound;
(v) one or more of R3, R4, R5, R6, R10 and R11 may be
substituted by one or more of substituents selected from
the group consisting of halogen atom, cyano group,
protected or non-protected carboxyl group, protected or
non-protected hydroxyl group, protected or non-protected
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
34
amino group, C1-C6 alkyl group, C1-C6 alkoxy group, C1-C7
alkoxy carbonyl group, aryl group, C3-C6 cycloalkyl group,
C1-C6 acylamino group, C1-C6 acyloxy group, C2-C6 alkenyl
group, C1-C6 trihalogenoalkyl group, Cl-C6 alkylamino
group, and C1-C6 dialkylamino group;
(vi) R2 and/or R5 may be substituted by one or more
substituents selected from the group consisting of
halogen atom, Cl-C6-alkyl group, protected or non-
protected carboxyl group, protected or non-protected
hydroxyl group, protected or non-protected amino group,
protected or non-protected Cl-C6 alkylamino group,
protected or non-protected Cl-C6 aminoalkyl group,
protected or non-protected Cl-C6=alkylamino C1-C6 alkyl
group, protected or non-protected hydroxyalkyl group, and
C3-C6 cycloalkylamino group;
(vii) when one or more of R3, R4, R5, R6, R10 and R11 are
alkyl groups, terminal end(s) of the alkyl group(s) may
be substituted by C3-C8 cycloalkyl group).
The aryl group in (i), (ii) and (v) may be phenyl,
tollyl, xylyl or naphthyl group. The substituted
cyclopentyl group in (iii) may be cyclopentylamino group
or cyclopentylcarbinol group, the substituted cyclohexyl
group in (iii) may be cyclohexylamino group,
cyclohexylaldehyde group or cyclohexyl acetic acid group,
and the substituted naphthyl group in (iii) may be
naphthylamino group or naphthylamino sulfonic acid group.
The condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound in. (iv.)
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
may be pentalene, indene, naphthalene, azulene, heptalene,
biphenylene, indacene, acenaphthylene, fluorene,
phenalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, pentacene, hexacene,
dibenzophenanthrene, 1H-cyclopentacyclooctene or
5 benzocyclooctene, and the heterocyclic compound may be
furan, thiophene, pyrrole, y-pyran, y-thiopyran, pyridine,
thiazole, imidazole pyrimidine, indole or quinoline.
The invention also provides inhibitory or
blocking agents of molecular generating and/or
10 inducing function which has the original molecular
structure shown in general formula (2). And, the
compounds, the derivatives or those acid addition salt
compounds with effective integents provide antibacterial
15 agents, antifungal agent, antiviral agent, bactericidal
and/or sterilized agents, anticancer drugs, blood
coagulation and fibrinolysis inhibitors and/or blocking
agents, inhibitory and/or blocking agents of antigen-
antibody reaction, organ and/or tissue preservatives,
20 antiseptics and preservatives for foodstuffs, germination
and/or maturation inhibitory agents for fruits and
vegetables, antibacterial agents for plastic processing,
antimicrobial coating materials, antimicrobial resin
waxes, agents for preventing of bacterial and fungal
25 proliferation and/or infection of house holding electric
instruments, daily use goods and house furnishings, slime
preventing agents for papers and pulps, cleaning agents
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
36
in field of electronics, agents for preventing bacterial
and fungal proliferation and/or infection for metal
processing oil (metal working fluid), agents for
preventing bacterial and fungal proliferation and/or
infection for the disposal of waste, spermatocidal agents
and/or contraceptive agents which aim to suppress
fertility of spermatozoa, thrombolytic agents,
conformation altering agents of saccharide-chains, agents
for preventing arteriosclerosis, metabolism (lipids,
sugar) improving agents, agents for wound healing,
epithelialization promoting agents (including hair
restoration effect ), inhibitors and/or blocking agents
which can control generation of function with bioactive
substances (for example, enzymes, peptides, genes). In
addition, the compounds, the derivatives or those acid
addition salt compounds with effective integents can
inhibit and/or block function generated by multi-
dimensional structure (conformation) of the substance
which consist of a shape and function of living organism.
Moreover, the compounds, the derivatives or those acid
addition salt compounds with effective integents provide
chemical substances which can control, inhibit and/or
block the function which is generated by multi-
dimensional structure (conformation) with macromolecules
substances and macromolecules composite materials as well
as living organism. In addition,-when halogen compounds
such as halogenated alkali metals or halogenated alkali-
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
37
earthy metals or halogenated zinc is added in the
compounds which were provided by this invention, a
reaction is able to be induced. Moreover, when gold
colloid is added in the compounds which were provided by
this invention, marking and/or labeling substances can be
made and, it is also possible to use the compounds which
were provided by this invention as dispersion (diffusion)
preventives of tinction and printing dye, ink stabilizers
or dye sticking agents. In addition, by using together a
color coupler such as dye with the compounds which were
provided in this invention, coloring of the dye can be
enhanced. When fragrant agents is used with the
compounds which were provided by this invention, possible
fragrance can be produced. In addition, the compounds,
the derivatives or those acid addition salt compounds can
be utilized as depolymerization agents, surface-active
agents and/or surfactants, improving agents for surface
active substances, phase transition agents, improving
agents of phase transition, improving agents of
microphase separation structure, plasticity and/or
elasticity promoting agents, plasticity and/or elasticity
improving agents (plasticizers), copolymerization agents,
copolymerization improving agents, polymerization
regulators, improving agents of polymerization adjustment,
stabilizers, stabilization improving agents, antioxidants,
oxidation preventing agents, improving agents of
crystallized materials and/or amorphous materials,
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
38
fluidability improving agents, flexibility promoters,
improving agents for changing flexibility, improving
agents of fluorescent wavelength and excitation
wavelength of pigmentums, coating materials, cosmetic
pigments and colorants, modulating agents of excitation
wavelength and fluorescent wavelength of pigmentums,
coating materials, cosmetic pigments and colorants. And,
it is also possible to utilize the compounds, the
derivatives or those acid addition salt compounds as the
following improving agents. Those are agents which can
improve physical property of low molecule substances,
agents which can improve function of low molecule
substances, agents which can improve physical property of
macromolecules substance, agents which can improve
function of macromolecules substances, agents which can
improve physical property of macromolecules composite
materials and functional macromolecules composite
materials.
O
R, R6
R2 I
R3
~ Rs
H3C CH3
General Formula 2
wherein
(i) R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 represent independently
hydrogen atom; halogen atom; C1-C6 alkyl group; amidino
group; C3-C8 cycloalkyl group; C1-C6 alkoxy C1-C6 alkyl
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
39
group; aryl group; allyl group; aralkyl group in which
one or more Cl-C6 alkyl groups are bound to an aromatic
ring selected from the group consisting of benzene,
naphthalene and anthracene ring; C1-C6 alkylene group;
benzoyl group; cinnamyl group; cinnamoyl group or furoyl
group;
(ii) one or more of R1, R2, R3 and R4, and/or one or more
of R5 and R6 may-be substituted or non-substituted
cyclopentyl group; substituted or non-substituted
cyclohexyl group; or substituted or non-substituted
naphthyl group;
(iii) R5 and R6 may form a ring by binding with another
condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound or
heterocyclic compound;
(iv)-one or more of R3, R4, R5 and R6 may be substituted
by one or more of substituents selected from the group
consisting of halogen atom, cyano group, protected or
non-protected carboxyl group, protected or non-protected
hydroxyl group, protected or non-protected amino group,
C1-C6 alkyl group, Cl-C6 alkoxy group, Cl-C7 alkoxy
carbonyl group, aryl group, C3-C6 cycloalkyl group, C1-C6
acylamino group, C1-C6 acyloxy group, C2-C6 alkenyl group,
Cl-C6 trihalogenoalkyl group, C1-C6 alkylamino group, and
C1-C6 dialkylamino group;
(v) R2 and/or R5 may be substituted by one or more
substituents selected from the group consisting of
halogen atom, Cl-C6 alkyl group, protected or non-
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
protected carboxyl group, protected or non-protected
hydroxyl group, protected or non-protected amino group,
protected or non-protected C1-C6 alkylamino group,
protected or non-protected Cl-C6 aminoalkyl group,
5 protected or non-protected C1-C6 alkylamino C1-C6 alkyl
group, protected or non-protected hydroxyalkyl group, and
C3-C6 cycloalkylamino group;
(vi) when one or more of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are alkyl
groups, terminal end(s) of the alkyl group(s) may be
10 substituted by C3-C8 cycloalkyl group).
The aryl group in (i) and (iv) may be phenyl, tollyl,
xylyl or naphthyl group. The substituted cyclopentyl
group in (ii) may be cyclopentylamino group or
cyclopentylcarbinol group, the substituted cyclohexyl
15 group in (ii) may be cyclohexylamino group,
cyclohexylaldehyde group or cyclohexyl acetic acid group,
and the substituted naphthyl group in (ii) may be
naphthylamino group or naphthylamino sulfonic acid group.
The condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound in (iii)
20 may be pentalene, indene, naphthalene, azulene, heptalene,
biphenylene, indacene, acenaphthylene, fluorene,
phenalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, pentacene, hexacene,
dibenzophenanthrene, 1H-cyclopentacyclooctene or
benzocyclooctene, and the heterocyclic compound may be
25 furan, thiophene, pyrrole, y-pyran, y-thiopyran, pyridine,
thiazole, imidazole pyrimidine, indole or quinoline.
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
41
The invention also provides inhibitory or
blocking agents of molecular generating and/or inducing
functions which has the original molecular structure
shown in general formula (3-a) (3-b). And, the compounds,
the derivatives or those acid addition salt compounds
with effective integents provide antibacterial agents,
antifungal agent, antiviral agent, bactericidal and/or
sterilized agents, anticancer drugs, blood coagulation
and fibrinolysis inhibitors and/or blocking agents,
inhibitory and/or blocking agents of antigen-antibody
reaction, organ and/or tissue preservatives, antiseptics
and preservatives for foodstuffs, germination and/or
maturation inhibitory agents for fruits and vegetables,
antibacterial agents for plastic processing,
antimicrobial coating materials, antimicrobial resin
waxes, agents for preventing of bacterial and fungal
proliferation and/or infection of house holding electric
instruments, daily use goods and house furnishings, slime
preventing agents for papers and pulps, cleaning agents
in field of electronics, agents for preventing bacterial
and fungal proliferation and/or infection for metal
processing oil (metal working fluid), agents for
preventing bacterial and fungal proliferation and/or
infection for the disposal of waste, spermatocidal agents
and/or contraceptive agents which aim to suppress
fertility of spermatozoa, thrombolytic agents,
conformation altering agents of saccharide-chains, agents
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
42
for preventing arteriosclerosis, metabolism (lipids,
sugar) improving agents, agents for wound healing,
epithelialization promoting agents (including hair
restoration effect ), inhibitors and/or blocking agents
which can control generation of function with bioactive
substances (for example, enzymes, peptides, gene). In
addition, the compounds, the derivatives or those acid
addition salt. compounds can inhibit and/or block function
generated by multi-dimensional structure (conformation)
10. of the substance which consist of a shape and function of
living organism. Moreover, the compounds, the
derivatives or those acid addition salt compounds provide
chemical substances which can control, inhibit and/or
block the function which is generated by multi-
dimensional structure (conformation) with macromolecules
substances and macromolecules composite materials as well
as living organism. In addition, when halogen compounds
such as halogenated alkali metals or halogenated alkali-
earthy metals or halogenated zinc is added in the
compounds which were provided by this invention, a
reaction is able to be induced. Moreover, when gold
colloid is added in the compounds which were provided by
this invention, marking and/or labeling substances can be
made and, it is also possible to use the compounds which
were provided by this invention as dispersion (diffusion)
preventives-of tinction and printing dye, ink stabilizers
or dye sticking agents. In addition, by using a color
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
43
coupler such as dye with the compounds which were
provided by this invention, coloring of the dye can be
enhanced. When fragrant agents is used with the
compounds which were provided in this invention, possible
fragrance can be produced. In addition, the compounds,
the derivatives or those acid addition salt compounds can
be utilized as depolymerization agents, surface-active
agents and/or surfactants, improving agents for surface
active substances, phase transition agents, improving
agents of phase transition, improving agents of
microphase separation structure, plasticity and/or
elasticity promoting agents, plasticity and/or elasticity
improving agents (plasticizers), copolymerization agents,
copolymerization improving agents, polymerization
regulators, improving agents of polymerization adjustment,
stabilizers, stabilization improving agents, antioxidants,
oxidation preventing agents, improving agents of
rystallized materials and/or amorphous materials,
fluidability improving agents, flexibility promoters,
improving agents for changing flexibility, improving
agents of fluorescent wavelength and excitation
wavelength of pigmentums, coating materials, cosmetic
pigments and colorants, alterable agents of fluorescent
wavelength and excitation wavelength of pigmentums,
coating materials, cosmetic pigments and colorants. And,
it is also possible to utilize the compounds, the
derivatives or those acid addition salt compounds as the
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
44
following improving agents. Those are agents which can
improve physical property of low molecule substances,
agents which can improve function of low molecule
substances, agents which can improve physical property of
macromolecules substance, agents which can improve
function'of macromolecules substances, agents which can
improve physical property of macromolecules composite
materials and functional macromolecules composite
materials.
O O
H2C R6 R6
R3 ( R3
R4 RS R4 RS
H3C CH3 H3C CH3
General Formula 3-a General Formula 3-b
wherein
(i) R3, R4, R5 and R6 represent independently hydrogen
atom; halogen atom; C1-C6 alkyl group; amidino group; C3-
C8 cycloalkyl group; Cl-C6 alkoxy Cl-C6 alkyl group; aryl
group; allyl group; aralkyl group in which one or more
C1-C6 alkyl groups are bound to an aromatic ring selected
from the group consisting of benzene, naphthalene and
anthracene ring; C1-C6 alkylene group; benzoyl group;
cinnamyl group; cinnamoyl group or furoyl group;
(ii) one or more of R3 and R4, and/or one or more of R5
and R6 may be substituted or non-substituted cyclopentyl
group; substituted or non-substituted cyclohexyl group;
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
or substituted or non-substituted naphthyl group;
(iii) R5 and R6 may form a ring by binding with another
condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound or
heterocyclic compound;
5 (iv) one or more of R3, R4, R5 and R6 may be substituted
by one or more of substituents selected from the group
consisting of halogen atom, cyano group, protected or
non-protected carboxyl group, protected or non-protected
hydroxyl group, protected or non-protected amino group,
10 Cl-C6 alkyl group, C1-C6 alkoxy group, C1-C7 alkoxy
carbonyl group, aryl group, C3-C6 cycloalkyl group, C1-C6
acylamino group, C1-C6 acyloxy group, C2-C6 alkenyl group,
C1-C6 trihalogenoalkyl group, Cl-C6 alkylamino group, and
C1-C6 dialkylamino group;
15 (v) R5 may be substituted by one or more substituents
selected from the group consisting of halogen atom, Cl-C6
alkyl group, protected or non-protected carboxyl group,
protected or non-protected hydroxyl group, protected or
non-protected amino group, protected or non-protected Cl-
20 C6 alkylamino group, protected or non-protected C1-C6
aminoalkyl group, protected or non-protected C1-C6
alkylamino Cl-C6 alkyl group, protected or non-protected
hydroxyalkyl group, and C3-C6 cycloalkylamino group;
(vi) when one or more of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are alkyl
25 groups, terminal end(s) of the alkyl group(s) may be
substituted by C3-C8 cycloalkyl group).
The aryl group in (i) and (iv) may be phenyl, tollyl,
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
46
xylyl or naphthyl group. The substituted cyclopentyl
group in (ii) may be cyclopentylamino group or
cyclopentylcarbinol group, the substituted cyclohexyl
group in (ii) may be cyclohexyl.amino group,
cyclohexylaldehyde group or cyclohexyl acetic acid group,
and the substituted naphthyl group in (ii) may be
naphthylamino group or naphthylamino sulfonic acid group.
The condensation polycyclic hydrocarbon compound in (iii)
may be pentalene, indene, naphthalene, azulene, heptalene,
biphenylene, indacene, acenaphthylene, fluorene,
phenalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, pentacene, hexacene,
dibenzophenanthrene, 1H-cyclopentacyclooctene or
benzocyclooctene, and the heterocyclic compound may be
furan, thiophene, pyrrole, y-pyran, y-thiopyran, pyridine,
thiazole, imidazole pyrimidine, indole or quinoline.
The invention also provides antibacterial
agents, antifungal agents, antiviral agents,
bactericidal and/or sterilized agents, anticancer drugs,
anticoagulants and/or antifibrinolytic agents, blood
coagulation and/or fibrinolysis blocking agents,
inhibitory agents of antigen-antibody reaction,
preservatives for tissues and/or organs, and antiseptics
and preservatives by utilizing effects on change in
conformation, thermodynamic effect, phase transition
effect, flexibility changing effect, depolymerization
effect, improving effect of macromolecules property,
chemical kinetic effect, reduction effect, effect as free
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
47
radical scavengers, desulfurization effect, antioxidant
effect, nucleophilic and electrophilic effects according
to orbital dynamics of molecules and/or hydrophobic
effect, which are inhibitory or blocking agents of
molecular generating and/or inducing functions, as defined
herein.
The invention also provides labeled regents which can
detect a targeted position of generating function of
molecule, utilizing effect on specific regions due to
inhibitory or blocking agents of molecular generating
and/or inducing functions as defined herein, and having a
labeled substance at least in one substituent.
The invention also provides reductants, free radical.
scavengers and desufude agents utilizing inhibitory or
blocking agents of molecular generating and/or inducing
functions, as defined herein.
The invention also provides depolymerization agents,
improving agents for surface active substances,
spermatocidal agents and/or contraceptive agents for
external use, thrombolytic agents, conformation altering
agents of saccharide-chains, agents for preventing
arteriosclerosis, metabolism (lipids, sugar) improving
agents, agents for wound healing, epithelialization
promoting agents, phase transition agents, improving agents
of phase transition,
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
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improving agents of microphase separation structure,
plasticity and/or elasticity promoting agents, plasticity
and/or elasticity improving agents (plasticizers),
copolymerization agents, copolymerization improving
agents, polymerization regulators, improving agents of
polymerization adjustment, stabilizers, stabilization
improving agents, antioxidants, oxidation preventing
agents, improving agents of crystallized materials and/or
amorphous materials, fluidability improving agents,
flexibility promoters (softers), improving agents for
changing flexibility (softner improving agents),
improving agents of excitation wavelength and fluorescent
wavelength of colorants, pigmentums, coating materials
and cosmetic pigments, and alterable agents of excitation
wavelength and fluorescent wavelength of pigmentums,
coating materials and cosmetic pigments, agents which can
improve physical property of low molecule substances,
agents which can improve function of low molecule
substances, agents which can improve physical property of
macromolecules substance, agents which can improve
function of macromolecules substances, agents which can
improve physical property of macromolecules composite
materials and functional macromolecules composite
materials.
In the present specification, unless otherwise
specified, the term "halogen atom" means, for example,
fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom or iodine
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
49
atom; the term "alkyl group" means Ci-10 alkyl group such
as methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl
group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group,
tort-butyl group, benzyl group, hexyl group, octyl group
or the like; the term "lower alkyl group" means C1-5
alkyl group among-the alkyl groups mentioned above; the
term "alkoxy group" means -0-alkyl group (alkyl group is
Cl-10 alkyl group mentioned above); the term "lower
alkylamino group" means C1-5 alkylamino group such as
methylamino group, ethylamino group, propylamino group or
the like; the term "di-lower alkylamino group" means C1-5
dialkylamino group such as dimethylamino group; the term
"lower alkenyl group" means C2-5 alkenyl group such as
vinyl group, allyl group, 1-propenyl group, 1-butenyl
group or the like; the term "cycloalkyl group" means C3-6
cycloalkyl group such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl,
cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or the like; the term "aryl
group" means, for example, phenyl group or naphthyl
group; the term "alkoxy carbonyl group" means
-COO-alkyl group (alkyl group means Cl-10 alkyl group
above mentioned); the term "hydroxy lower alkyl group"
means hydroxy-C1-5 alkyl group such as hydroxy methyl
group, hydroxy ethyl group, hydroxy propyl group or the
like; the term "amino lower alkyl group" means amino C1-5
alkyl group such as aminomethyl group, aminoethyl group,
aminopropyl group or the like; the term "lower alkylamino
lower alkyl group" means C1-5 alkylamino C1-5 alkyl group
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
such as methylaminomethyl group, ethylaminomethyl group,
ethylaminoethyl group or the like; the term "di-lower
alkylamino lower alkyl group" means C1-5 dialkylamino Cl-
5 alkyl group such as dimethylaminomethyl group or
5 diethylaminomethyl group; the term "cyclic amino group"
means cyclic amino group with 4-10 membered ring such as
piperazinyl group, morpholinyl group, 1,4-diazabicyclo
(3,2,1) octyl group or the like; the term "cyclic amino
lower alkyl group" means C1-5 alkyl group attached to
10 cyclic amino group with 4-6 membered ring such as 1-
piperazinylmethyl group, 1-pyrrolidinylmethyl group, 1-
azethydinylmethyl group, 1-morpholinylmethyl group or the
like; the term "acylamino group" means C1-4 acylamino
group such as formylamino group, acetylamino group,
15 propionylamino group, butyrylamino group or the like; the
term "acyloxy group" means C1-4 acyloxy group such as
formyloxy group, acetyloxy group, propionyloxy group,
butyryloxy group or the like; the term "trihalogeno-lower
alkyl group" means trihalogeno C1-5 alkyl group such as
20 trichloromethyl group, trifluoromethyl group or the like;
the term "heterocyclic group" means 5 membered ring, 6
membered ring or those condensation rings (such as furyl,
propyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, 1-
pyrrolinyl, benzofuryl, benzothiazolyl, pyridyl, quinolyl,
25 pyrimidinyl or morpholinyl group as an example) which has
one or more atoms selected from the group consisting of
oxygen atom, nitrogen atom and sulfate atom.
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51
The alkyl group represented by R3, R4, R5, R6, R10
or Rll in each general formula may be either straight or
branched alkyl group such as, for example, methyl group,
ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl
isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, 1-butyl group, pentyl
group, isopentyl group, neopentyl group or hexyl group
which are lower alkyl groups (C1-4). In addition,
terminal end of these alkyl groups can be bound to lower
cycloalkyl group (C3-4) such as cyclopropyl methyl group,
cyclobutyl ethyl group, cyclopentyl methyl group or the
like.
Lower cycloalkyl groups (C3-4) included in the
cycloalkyl group represented by R3, R4, R5, R6, R10 and
R11 in. each general formula may be, for example,
cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group or
cyclohexyl group. The alkoxyalkyl group may be, for
example, ethyl group, methyl group, methoxyethyl group,
ethoxyethyl group, propoxyethyl group, isopropoxyethyl
group, butoxyethyl group, methoxypropyl group, 2-ethoxy-
1-methyl ethyl group or the like.
Straight or branched alkylene group represented by
R3, R4, R5, R6, R10 or Rll in each general formula may be,
for example, methylene group, ethylene group,
trimethylene group, tetramethylene group, 1,2-
dimethylethylene group or the like.
Each substituent of R3, R4, R5, R6, R10 and R11 in
each general formula or the methylene group in the
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52
general formula 3-a may be at least one substituent
selected from the group consisting of halogen atom, cyano
group, protected or non-protected carboxyl group,
protected or non-protected hydroxyl group, protected or
non-protected amino group, alkyl group, alkoxy group,
alkoxy carbonyl group, aryl group, cycloalkyl group,
acylamino group, acyloxy group, lower alkenyl group,
trihalogeno-lower alkyl group, lower alkylamino group,
di-lower alkylamino group and the like; R2 and/or R5 may
be substituted by at least one substituent selected from
the group consisting of halogen atom, lower alkyl group,
protected or non-protected carboxyl group, protected or
non-protected hydroxyl group, protected or non-protected
amino group, protected or non-protected lower alkylamino
group, protected or non-protected amino lower alkyl group,
protected or non-protected lower alkylamino lower alkyl
group, protected or non-protected hydroxy lower alkyl
group, di-lower alkylamino group, di-lower alkylamino
lower alkyl group or cyclic amino lower alkyl group.
Examples of the protecting substituents of carboxyl
group include pharmaceutically acceptable protecting
groups of carboxyl group, such as an ester-forming group
which is easily detached in an organism.
Moreover, protecting substituent of amino group,
amino lower alkyl group, lower alkylamino group, and
lower alkylamino lower alkyl group may be a'
pharmaceutically acceptable amino-protecting group which
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is easily detached in an organism.
In addition, protecting substituent of hydroxyl
group and hydroxy lower alkyl group may be a
pharmaceutically acceptable protecting group of hydroxyl
group which is easily detached in an organism.
Though halogen compounds can be added to the
compositions according to this invention, it is necessary
to give heed to an existence of toxicity which the
combined compounds may have. By adding halogen compounds,
coloring due to light can be prevented. Halogen
compounds which can be applied to the compositions
according to this invention, for example, are halogenated
alkali metals such.as potassium bromide, sodium bromide,
potassium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium iodide and
sodium iodide, and halogenated alkaline-earth metal such
as calcium bromide, magnesium bromide, calcium chloride
and magnesium chloride, and halogenated zinc such as zinc
bromide and zinc chloride.
In addition, in the present specification, unless
otherwise specified, or except for the case which is
clear from a context, the term "alkyl group" includes
straight alkyl group as well as branched one. Similarly,
the alkyl group in "alkoxy group", "aralkyl group" and
"alkylamino group" which has alkyl group includes
straight alkyl group as well as branched one.
"Cycloalkyl group" is also similar to the above, and
includes branched groups such as ethyl cyclopentyl group
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
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and methyl cyclohexyl group.
The compounds provided in this invention can be
directly applied on the surface of infected wound such as
burn and decubitus. And, those can be used by combining
with the carrier substances which are allowable on
pharmaceutic use. In addition, when it is applied to
living space, environment and at industry, those can be
used during and/or after manufacturing step of materials
according to the objective. Though it is not restricted
to representative applications, it is also possible to be
added those compounds on any manufacturing steps of
surface processing by attaching, painting or spraying as
agents to prevent bacterial and fungal proliferation
and/or infection for construction materials, furnitures,
lavatory goods, bathtub supplies, washing supplies, house
holding electric instruments and/or daily use goods.
Moreover, when those compounds are utilized in a thread
kneading and/or later processing concerning any step of
manufacturing fibers and these materials, effect of
preventing bacterial and fungal proliferation and/or
infection and an anti-allergic effect can be gained. An
effect of the objective which is shown by claims can be
made by using seats and film materials.
The carrier substances which is allowable on
harmaceutic use are given the carrier substances which is
allowable biologically, such as polyoxyalkylenealkyl
ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester,
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydrocarbon, paraffin, alcohol,
polyvalent alcohol, alcohol ester, polyalcohol ester,
fatty acid and metal salts of fatty acid. Moreover,
chitosan, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycerin
5 fatty acid ester (caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric
acid) can be exemplified.
In addition, when the compounds mentioned in this
invention are used as combined substances with the
carrier substances which are allowable on pharmaceutic
10 use, these can be applied in many kinds of the generally
known agent types such as cream agents, ointments, pastes,
poultices, milky lotions, suspensions, liniments, lotions,
aerosol agents, solutions and tapes corresponding to
prospected treatments. Also, it is allowed to add
15 solvent supporting agents, isotonic changing agents, pH
adjusters, deodorants, antiseptics or odorants in the
compounds mentioned in this invention. It is also
possible to be added those compounds on any manufacturing
steps of surface processing by attaching, painting or
20 spraying as agents to prevent bacterial and fungal
proliferation and/or infection for construction materials,
furnitures, lavatory goods, bathtub supplies, washing
supplies, house holding electric instruments and/or daily
use goods- Moreover, when those compounds are utilized
25 in the thread kneading and/or later processing concerning
any step of manufacturing fibers and these materials,
effect of preventing bacterial and fungal proliferation
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
56
and/or infection and an anti-allergic effect can be
gained. An effect of the objective can be made as wall
papers and filters by using seat and film material. When
it is used as spermatocidal agents and contraceptive
agents for external use, it is also possible to process
surface of contraceptive possession such as condoms as
well as ointments and creams.
Below, details of this invention are explained.
Inhibitory or blocking agents of functions generated by
multi-dimensional structure which are used by this
invention can be completed above-mentioned objectives by
use of the compounds alone, and can be utilized together
with acid addition salts, emulsifiers, ester agents or
polymerization agents, unless electric charge
distribution and electric charge density of molecule are
changed drastically. It can be used in the following
form as an example; acid addition salts of.the compounds
which are provided in chemical formula (1-a), (1-b), (2),
(3-a) and (3-b) mentioned above are non-toxic salts which
are allowable pharmaceutically and, those are inorganic
acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid,
phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid and organic acids such
as acetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid,
succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid or methasulfonic
acid.
Concerning chemical formula (1-a) of this invention,
the following compounds in chemical formula (1-a) can be
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
57
given as representatives. But, it is not restricted this
invention by the definitive representatives. Concretely,
as alkanes which all of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R8 and R9
are hydrogen atom and R7 is non-cyclic hydrocarbon, for
example, the following compounds are represented.
(1) 4-isopropyl-2-cyclohexen-i-one
(2) 4-isobutyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(3) 4-isopentyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(4) 4-isohexyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so on.
Moreover, as amine-hydrazines which all of R1, R2, R3, R4,
R5, R6, R8 and R9 are hydrogen atom and R7 is nitrogen
atom, for example,
(5) 4-dimethylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(6) 4-dimethylhydrazono-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(7) 4-isopropylidenehydrazino-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
As phosphines and those analogs which all of R1, R2, R3,
R4, R5, R6, R8 and R9 are hydrogen atom and R7 is
phosphorus, arsenic or antimony, for example,
(8) 4-dimethylphosphinetolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(9) 4-dimethylallylidenetolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(10) 4-dimethylstibinetolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(11) 4-dimethylbismuthinetriyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
As sulfide compounds which all of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6,
R8 and R9 are hydrogen atom and R7 is sulfate, for
example,
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58
(12) 4-isopropanesulfo-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(13) 4-isopropanesulfino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(14) 4-isopropanesulfeno-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so on,
and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Concerning chemical formula (1-b) of this invention,
the following compounds in chemical formula (1-b) can be
given as representatives. But, it is not restricted this
invention by the definitive representatives. Concretely,
as alkanes which all of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R8, R9,
R10 and R11 are hydrogen atom and R7 is non-cyclic
hydrocarbon, for example, the following compounds are
represented.
(1) 4-isopropyl-cyclohexane-l-one
(2) 4-isobutyl-cyclohexane-l-one
(3) 4-isopentyl-cyclohexane-l-one
(4) 4-isohexyl-cyclohexane-l-one and so on.
As amine-hydrazines which all of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6,'
R8, R9, R10 and R11 are hydrogen atom and R7 is nitrogen
atom, for example, the following compounds are
represented.
(5) 4-dimethylamino-cyclohexane-l-one
(6) 4-dimethylhydrazono-cyclohexane-l-one
(7) 4-isopropylidenehydrazino-cyclohexane-l-one and so on.
As phosphines and analogs which all of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5,
R6, R8, R9, R10 and R11 are hydrogen atom and R7 is
phosphorus, arsenic or antimony, for example, the
following compounds are represented.
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(8) 4-dimethylphosphinetriyl-cyclohexane-l-one
(9) 4-dimethylarsinetriyl-cyclohexane-l-one
(10) 4-dimethylstibinetriyl-cyclohexane-l-one
(11) 4-dimethylbismuthinetriyl-cyclohexane-l-one and so
on.
As sulfide compounds which all of Ri, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6,
R8, R9, R10 and R11 are hydrogen atom and R7 is sulfate,
for example,
(12) 4-isopropanesulfo-cyclohexane-l-one
(13) 4-isopropanesulfino-cyclohexane-l-one
(14) 4-isopropanesulfeno-cyclohexane-l-one and so on,and
those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Concerning chemical formula (2) of this invention,
the following compounds in chemical formula (2) can be
given as representatives. But, it is not restricted this
invention by the definitive representatives. Concretely,
as alkanes which all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atom and Riand/or R2 are alkyl groups of non-cyclic
saturated hydrocarbon, for example,
(15) 4,4,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(16) 4,4-dimethyl-6-ethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(17) 4,4-dimethyl-6-propyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(18) 4,4-dimethyl-6-isopropyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(19) 6-butyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(20) 4,4-dimethyl-6-isobutyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(21) 6-benzyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(22) 4,4-dimethyl-6-hexyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
(23) 4,4-dimethyl-6-octyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so on,
and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atoms and R1 and/or R2 are alkoxy groups of heterocyclic
5 compounds, for example,
(24) 6-pentyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-i-one
(25) 4,4-dimethyl-6-hexyloxy-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so on,
and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
When all of R3, R4, R5, R6 are hydrogen atoms and Ri
10 and/or R2 are lower alkylamino group of amines, for
example,
(26) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(27) 4,4-dimethyl-6-ethylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(28) 4,4-dimethyl-6-propylamino-2-cyclohexen-i-one
15 (29) 4,4-dimethyl-6-dimethylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atoms and R1 and/or R2 are alkenyl groups of non-cyclic
unsaturation hydrocarbon, for example,
20 (30) 6-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(31) 6-allyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(32) 4,4-dimethyl-6-isopropenyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
25 atoms and R1 and/or R2 are cycloalkyl group of monocyclic
hydrocarbon, for example,
(32) 6-cyclopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
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(32) 6-cyclobutyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(32) 6-cyclopentyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(32) 6-cyclohexyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid additions are exemplified.
Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atoms and R1 and/or R2 are allyl group of aromatic
hydrocarbon 1 valence group, for example,
(32) 4,4-dimethyl-6-phenyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(32) 4,4-dimethyl-6-naphthyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so on,
and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
All of R3, R4, R5 and R6 may be hydrogen atoms and Ri
and/or R2 may be alkoxy carbonyl groups as ester. In
addition, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atoms and Ri and/or R2 are hydroxy lower alkyl group, for
example,
(33) 4,4-dimethyl-6-hydroxymethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(34) 4,4-dimethyl-6-hydroxyethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(35) 4,4-dimethyl-6-hydroxypropyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atoms and R1 and/or R2 are amino lower alkyl group, for
example,
(36) 6-aminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-i-one
(37) 6-aminoethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(38) 6-aminopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
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atoms and Ri and/or R2 are lower alkylamino lower alkyl
group, for example,
(39) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylaminomethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(40) 4,4-dimethyl-6-ethylaminomethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(41) 4,4-dimethyl-6-ethylaminoethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atoms and R1 and/or R2 are di-lower alkylamino lower
alkyl group, for example,
(42) 4,4-dimethyl-6-dimethylaminomethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(43) 4,4-dimethyl-6-diethylaminomethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atoms and R1 and/or R2 are cyclic amino groups, for
example,
(44) 4,4-dimethyl-6-piperazinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(45) 4,4-dimethyl-6-morpholinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atoms and R1 and/or R2 are cyclic amino lower alkyl group,
for example,
(46) 4,4-dimethyl-6-piperazinylethyl-2-cyclohexen-i-one
(47) 4,4-dimethyl-6-pyrrolinylmethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(48) 6-azethydinylmethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(49) 4,4-dimethyl-6-morpholinylmethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one,
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
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Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atoms and R1 and/or R2 are acylamino group of
monoacylamin group, for example,
(50) 4,4-dimethyl-6-formylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(51) 6-acetylamino-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(52) 4,4-dimethyl-6-propionylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(53) 6-butyrylamino-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atoms and R1 and/or R2 are acyloxy group of ester, for
example,
(54) 4,4-dimethyl-6-formyloxy-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(55) 6-acetyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(56) 4,4-dimethyl-6-propionyloxy-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(57) 6-butyryloxy-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atoms and Rl and/or R2 are trihalogeno lower alkyl group,
for example,
(58) 4,4-dimethyl-6-trichloromethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(59) 4,4=dimethyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Moreover, when all of R3, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen
atoms and R1 and/or R2 are polycyclic group, for example,
(60) 4,4-dimethyl-6-furyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(61) 4,4-dimethyl-6-propyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(62) 4,4-dimethyl-6-thienyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
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(63) 4,4-dimethyl-6-isoxazolyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
(64) 4,4-dimethyl-6-imidazolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(65) 4,4-dimethyl-6-thiazolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(66) 4,4-dimethyl-6-pyrrolinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(67) 6-benzofuryl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(68) 6-benzothiazolyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(69) 6-pyridyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(70) 4,4-dimethyl-6-quinolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(71) 4,4-dimethyl-6-pyrimidinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(72) 4,4-dimethyl-6-morpholinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Concerning this invention, in the compounds provided
by chemical formula (3-a), the compound which all of
substituent R3, R4, R5 are R6 in chemical formula (3-a)
are hydrogen atoms represents 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one, which is termed as Yoshixol. And, as
other representatives, the following compounds can be
given- as representatives. But, it is not restricted this
invention by the definitive representatives. Concretely,
for example, when all of substituent R3 and/or R4 are
alkyl group of non-cyclic saturated hydrocarbon,
(73) 6-methylene-4,4,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(74) 4,4-dimethyl-5-ethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(75) 4,4-dimethyl-5-propyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(76) 4,4-dimethyl-5-isopropyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(77) 5-butyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
(78) 4,4-dimethyl-5-isobutyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(79) 5-benzyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(80) 4,4-dimethyl-5-hexyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
5 (81) 4,4-dimethyl-5-octyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are alkoxy
group of heterocyclic compound,
(82) 5-pentyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
10 one
(83) 4,4-dimethyl-5-hexyloxy-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are lower
15 alkylamino group of amines,
(84) 4,4-dime thyl-5-methylamino-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(85) 4,4-dimethyl-5-ethylamino-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
20 (86) 4,4-dime thyl-5-propylamino-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(87) 4,4-dimethyl-5-dimethylamino-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen'l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
25 For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are alkenyl
group of non-cyclic unsaturation hydrocarbon,
(88) 5-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-1-one
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
66
(89) 5-allyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(90) 4,4-dimethyl-5-isopropenyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are cycloalkyl
group of monocyclic hydrocarbon,
(91) 5-cyclopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(92) 5-cyclobutyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen
1-one
(93) 5-cyclopentyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(94) 5-cyclohexyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are allyl
group of aromatic hydrocarbon 1 valence group,
(95) 4,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(96) 4,4-dimethyl-5-naphthyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
Substituent R3, R4 are sometimes alkoxy carbonyl group
aromatic hydrocarbon 1 valence group allyl group of ester.
(98) 4,4-dimethyl-5-hydroxy methyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(99) 4,4-dimethyl-5-hydroxy ethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
67
(100) 4,4-dimethyl-5-hydroxy propyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are amino
lower alkyl group,
(101) 5-aminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(102) 5-aminoethyl-4,4-dime thyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(103) 5-aminopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are lower
alkylamino lower alkyl group,
(104) 4,4-dimethyl-5-methylaminomethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(105) 4,4-dimethyl-5-ethylaminomethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(106) 4,4-dimethyl-5-ethylaminoethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are di-lower
alkylamino lower alkyl group,
(107) 4,4-dimethyl-5-dimethylaminomethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(108) 4,4-dimethyl-5-diethylaminomethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
68
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are cyclic
amino groups,
(109) 4, 4-dimethyl-5-piperazinyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(110) 4,4-dimethyl-5-morpholinyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are cycloamino
lower alkyl group,
(111) 4,4-dimethyl-5-piperazinyl ethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(112) 4,4-dimethyl-5-pyrrolinyl methyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-1-one
(113) 5-azethydinylmethyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(114) 4,4-dimethyl-5-morpholinylmethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are acylamino
group of monoacylamin group,
(115) 4,4-dimethyl-5-formylamino-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(116) 5-acetylamino-4,4-dime thyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-1-one
(117) 4,4-dimethyl-5-propionylamino-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-1-one
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(118) 5-butyrylamino-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are acyloxy
group of ester,
(119) 4,4-dimethyl-5-formyloxy-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(120) 5-acetyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(121) 4,4-dimethyl-5-propionyloxy-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(122) 5-butyryloxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are
trihalogeno lower alkyl group,
(123) 4,4-dimethyl-5-trichloromethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(124) 4,4-dimethyl-5-trifluoromethyl-6-methylene-2
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are polycyclic
group,
(125) 4,4-dimethyl-5-furyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(126) 4,4-dimethyl-5-propyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(127) 4,4-dimethyl-5-thienyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
one
(128) 4,4-dimethyl-5-isoxazolyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(129) 4,4-dimethyl-5-imidazolyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
5 1-one
(130) 4,4-dimethyl-5-thiazolyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(131) 4,4-dimethyl-5-pyrrolinyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
10 (132) 5-benzofuryl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(133) 5-benzothiazolyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(134) 5-pyridyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
15 one
(135) 4, 4-dimethyl-5-quinolyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(136) 4,4-dimethyl-5-pyrimidinyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
20 (137) 4,4-dimethyl-5-morpholinyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is alkyl group of non-
cyclic saturated hydrocarbon,
25 (138) 3,4,4-trimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(139) 4,4-dimethyl-3-ethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(140)-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-propyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
71
one
(141) 4,4-dimethyl-3-isopropyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(142) 3-butyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(143) 4,4-dimethyl-3-isobutyl-6-methylene-2 -cyclohexen-l-
one
(144) 3-benzyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(145) 4,4-dimethyl-3-hexyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(146) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-octyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is alkoxy group of
heterocyclic compound,
(147) 3-pentyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(148) 4,4-dimethyl-3-hexyloxy-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is lower alkylamino
group of amine group,
(149) 4,4-dimethyl-3-methylamino-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(150) 4,4-dimethyl-3-ethylamino-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(151) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-propylamino-2-
cyclohexen-1-one
(152) 4,4-dimethyl-3-dimethylamino-6-methylene-2-
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72
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is alkenyl group of non-
cyclic unsaturation hydrocarbon,
(153) 3-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(154) 3-allyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(155) 4,4-dimethyl-3-isopropenyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is cycloalkyl group of
monocyclic hydrocarbon,
(156) 3-cyclopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(157) 3-cyclobutyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(158) 3-cyclopentyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(159) 3-cyclohexyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is allyl group of
aromatic hydrocarbon 1 valence group,
(160) 4,4-dimethyl-3-phenyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(161) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-naphthyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
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73
Substituent R5 is alkoxy carbonyl group and the compound
becomes ester. For example, when substituent R5 is
hydroxy lower alkyl group,
(163) 4,4-dimethyl-3-hydroxy methyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(164) 4,4-dimethyl-3-hydroxy ethyl-6-methylene-2-
.cyclohexen-l-one
(165) 4,4-dimethyl-3-hydroxy propyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is an amino lower alkyl
group,
(166) 3-aminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(167) 3-aminoethyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(168) 3-aminopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is a lower alkylamino
lower alkyl group,
(169) 4,4-dimethyl-3-methylaminomethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(170) 4,4-dimethyl-3-ethylaminomethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(171) 4,4-dimethyl-3-ethylaminoethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-1-one and'so on, and those acid addition salts
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
74
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is a lower alkylamino
lower alkyl group,
(172) 3-dimethylaminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(173) 3-diethylaminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is cyclic amino group,
(174) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-piperazinyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(175) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-morpholinyl-2
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is cyclic amino lower
alkyl group,
(176) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-piperazinyl ethyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(177) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-pyrrolinyl methyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(178) 3-azethydinylmethyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(179) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-morpholinylmethyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is acylamino group of
monoacylamin,
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
(180) 4,4-dimethyl-3-formylamino-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-1-one
(181) 3-acetylamino-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
5 (182) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-propionylamino-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(183) 3-butyrylamino-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
.are exemplified.
10 For example, when substituent R5 is acyloxy group of
ester,
(184) 4,4-dimethyl-3-formyloxy-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(185) 3-acetyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
15 1-one
(186) 4, 4-dimethyl-6--rnethylene-3--propionyloxy-2-
cyclohexen- 1-one
(187) 3-butyryloxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
20 exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is a trihalogeno lower
alkyl group,
(188) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-trichloromethyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
25 (189) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-trifluoromethyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified. -
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
76
For example, when substituent R5 is polycyclic group,
(190) 4,4-dimethyl-3-furyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(191) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-propyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(192) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-thienyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(193) 4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(194) 4,4-dimethyl-3-imidazolyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(195) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-thiazolyl-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(196) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-pyrrolinyl-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(197) 3-benzofuryl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(198) 3-benzothiazolyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(199) 3-pyridyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(200) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-quinolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(201) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-pyrimidinyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(202) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-3-morpholinyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
77
For example, when substituent R6 is alkyl group of non-
cyclic saturated hydrocarbon,
(203) 6-methylene-2,4,4-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(204) 4,4-dimethyl-2-ethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(205) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-propyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(206) 4,4-dimethyl-2-isopropyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(207) 2-butyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(208) 4, 4-dimethyl-2-isobutyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(209) 2-benzyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(210) 4,4-dimethyl-2-hexyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(211) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-octyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is alkoxy group of
heterocyclic compound,
(212) 2-pentyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(213) 4,4-dimethyl-2-hexyloxy-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is a lower alkylamino
group of amines,
(214) 4,4-dimethyl-2-methylamino-6-methylene-2-
-cyclohexen-l-one
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
78
(215) 4,4-dimethyl-2-ethylamino-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(216) 4, 4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-propylamino-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(217) 2-dimethylamino-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is alkenyl group of non-
cyclic saturated hydrocarbon,
(218) 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(219) 2-allyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(220) 4,4-dimethyl-2-isopropenyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is cycloalkyl group of
monocyclic hydrocarbon,
(221) 2-cyclopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(222) 2-cyclobutyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(223) 2-cyclopentyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(224) 2-cyclohexyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is allyl group of
aromatic hydrocarbon 1 valence group,
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79
(225) 4,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(226) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-naphthyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
Substituent R6 is alkoxy carbonyl group resulting in
ester. For example, when substituent R6 is a hydroxy
lower alkyl group,
(228) 4,4-dimethyl-2-hydroxy methyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(229) 4,4-dimethyl-2-hydroxy ethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(230) 4,4-dimethyl-2-hydroxy propyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is an amino lower alkyl
group,
(231) 2-aminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(232) 2-aminoethyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(233) 2-aminopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is a lower alkylamino
lower alkyl group,
(234) 4,4-dimethyl-2-methylaminomethyl-6-methylene-2-.
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
cyclohexen-1-one
(235) 4,4-dimethyl-2-ethylaminomethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(236) 4,4-dimethyl-2-ethylaminoethyl-6-methylene-2-
5 cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is a di-lower alkylamino
lower alkyl group,
(237) 2-dimethylaminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
10 cyclohexen-l-one
(238) 2-diethylaminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is cyclic amino group,
15 (239) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-piperazinyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(240) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-morpholinyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
20 For example, when substituent R6 is a cyclic amino lower
alkyl group,
(241) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-piperazinyl ethyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(242) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-pyrrolinyl methyl-2-
25 cyclohexen-l-one
(243) 2-azethydinylmethyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
81
(244) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-morpholinylmethyl-2-
cyclohexen-1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is acylamino group of
monoacylamin,
(245) 4,4-dime thyl-2-formylamino-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(246) 2-acetylamino-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(247) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-propionylamino-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(248) 2-butyrylamino-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is acyloxy group of
ester,
(249) 4,4-dimet-hyl-2-formyloxy-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(250) 2-acetyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(251) 4,.4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-propionyloxy-2-
cyclohexen-1-one
(252) 2-butyryloxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is a trihalogeno lower
alkyl group, -=
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82
(253) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-trichloromethyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(254) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-trifluoromethyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified. For example, when substituent R6 is
polycyclic group,
(255) 4,4-dimethyl-2-furyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(256) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-propyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(257) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-thienyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(258) 4,4-dimethyl-2-isoxazolyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(259) 4,4-dimethyl-2-imidazolyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(260) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-thiazolyl-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(261) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-pyrrolinyl-2-cyclohexen-
1-one
(262) 2-benzofuryl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-
1-one -
(263) 2-benzothiazolyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(264) 2-pyridyl-4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(265) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-quinolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
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83
(267) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-pyrimidinyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one
(268) 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-morpholinyl-2-
cyclohexen-l-one and so on, and those acid addition salts
are exemplified.
For example, when R5 and/or R6 in chemical formula (3-a)
are bond substituent such as condensation polycyclic
hydrocarbons and heterocyclic compounds,
(269) 5H-4-dimethyl-6-methylene-7-oxo-indene
(270) 4-dimethyl-2-methylene-l-oxo-tetralin
(271) 3H-4-dimethyl-2-methylene-l-oxo-anthracene
(272) 5H-4-dimethyl-6-methylene-7-oxo-benzothiophene
(273) 5H-4-dimethyl-6-methylene-7-oxo-benzofuran
(274) 5H-4-dimethyl-6-methylene-7-oxo-indole
(275) 6H-5-dimethyl-7-methylene-8-oxo-quinoline
(276) 6H-5-dimethyl-7-methylene-8-oxo-quinoxaline
(277) 6H-5-dimethyl-7-methylene-8-oxo-cinnoline
(278) 5H-5-dimethyl-7-methylene-8-oxo-1,4
dithianaphthalene
(279) 3H-4-dimethyl-2-methylene-l-oxo-thianthrene and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Concerning this invention, in the compounds provided
by chemical formula (3-b), the compound which all of
substituent R3, R4, R5 are R6 in chemical formula (3-b)
are hydrogen atoms represents 4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-
1-one. And, as other representatives, the following
compounds can- be given as representatives. But, it is
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
84
not restricted this invention by the definitive
representatives.
Concretely, when all of substituent,R3 and/or R4 are
alkyl group of non-cyclic saturated hydrocarbon,
(280) 4,4,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(281) 4,4-dimethyl-5-ethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(282) 4,4-dime thyl-5-propyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
(283) 4,4-dimethyl-5-isopropyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(284) 5-butyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(285) 4,4-dimethyl-5-isobutyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(286) 5-benzyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(287) 4,4-dimethyl-5-hexyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(288) 4,4-dimethyl-5-octyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so on,
and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are alkoxy
groups of heterocyclic compound,
(289) 5-pentyloxy- 4, 4 -dimethyl-2 -cyclohexen- 1 -one
(290) 4,4-dime thyl-5-hexyloxy-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified. For
example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are lower
alkylamino group of amines,
(291) 4,4-dimethyl-5-methylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(292) 4, 4 -dime thyl-5-ethylamino-2 -cyclohexen- 1 -one
(293) 4,4-dime thyl-5-propylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(294) 4,4-dimethyl-5-dime thylamino-2-cyclohexen-1-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are alkenyl
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
group of non-cyclic unsaturation hydrocarbon,
(295) 5-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(296) 5-allyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(297) 4,4-dimethyl-5-isopropenyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
5 so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are cycloalkyl
group of monocyclic hydrocarbon,
(298) 5-cyclopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-2--cyclohexen-l-one
(299) 5-cyclobutyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
10 (300) 5-cyclopentyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(301) 5-cyclohexyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are allyl
group of aromatic hydrocarbon 1 valence group,
15 (302) 4,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(303) 4,4-dimethyl-5-naphthyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Substituent R3 and/or R4 are sometimes alkoxy carbonyl
aromatic hydrocarbon 1 valence group and/or allyl group
20 of ester.
(305) 4,4-dimethyl-5-hydroxy methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
(306) 4,4-dimethyl-5-hydroxy ethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(307) 4,4-dimethyl-5-hydroxy propyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
25 For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are amino
lower alkyl group,
(308) 5-aminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
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86
(309) 5-aminoethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(310) 5-aminopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are lower
alkylamino lower alkyl group,
(311) 4,4-dimethyl-5-methylaminomethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(312) 4,4-dimethyl-5-ethylaminomethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(313) 4,4-dimethyl-5-ethylaminoethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are di-lower
alkylamio lower alkyl group,
(314) 4,4-dimethyl-5-dimethylaminomethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(315) 4,4-dimethyl-5-diethylaminomethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are cyclic
amino groups,
(316) 4,4-dimethyl-5-piperazinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(317) 4,4-dimethyl-5-morpholinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are cyclic
amino lower alkyl group,
(318) 4,4-dimethyl-5-piperazinyl ethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(319) 4,4-dimethyl-5-pyrrolinyl methyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(320) 5-azethydinylmethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(321) 4,4-dimethyl-5-morpholinylmethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
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87
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are acylamino
groups of monoacylamin,
(322) 4,4-dimethyl-5-formylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(323) 5-acetylamino-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(324) 4,4-dimethyl-5-propionylamino-2-cyclohexen-1-one
(325) 5-butyrylamino-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are acyloxy
group of ester,
(326) 4,4-dimethyl-5-formyloxy-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(327) 5-acetyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(328) 4,4-dimethyl-5-propionyloxy-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(329) 5-butyryloxy-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are
trihalogeno lower alkyl group,
(330) 4,4-dimethyl-5.-trichloromethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(331) 4,4-dimethyl-5-trifluoromethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R3 and/or R4 are polycyclic
groups,
(332) 4,4-dimethyl-5-furyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(333) 4,4-dimethyl-5-propyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(334) 4,4-dimethyl-5-thienyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(335) 4,4-dimethyl-5-isoxazolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-orre
(336) 4,4-dimethyl-5-imidazolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
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88
(337) 4,4-dimethyl-5-thiazolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(338) 4,4-dimethyl-5-pyrrolinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(339) 5-benzofuryl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(340) 5-benzothiazolyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(341) 5-pyridyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(342) 4,4-dimethyl-5-quinolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(343) 4,4-dimethyl-5-pyrimidinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(344) 4,4-dimethyl-5-morpholinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is alkyl group of non-
cyclic saturated hydrocarbon,
(345) 3,4,4-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(346) 4,4-dimethyl-3-ethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(347) 4,4-dimethyl-3-propyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(348) 4,4-dimethyl-3-isopropyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(349) 3-butyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(350) 4,4-dimethyl-3-isobutyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(351) 3-benzyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(352) 4,4-dimethyl-3-hexyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(353) 4,4-dimethyl-3-octyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so on,
and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is alkoxy group of
heterocyclic compound,
(354) 3-pentyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(355) 4,4-dimethyl-3-hexyloxy-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified. For
example, when substituent R5 is a lower alkylamino group
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= r
89
of amines,
(356) 4,4-dimethyl-3-methylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(357) 4,4-dimethyl-3-ethylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(358) 4,4-dimethyl-3-propylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(359) 3-dimethylamino-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is alkenyl group of non-
cyclic unsaturation hydrocarbon,
(360) 3-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(361) 3-allyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(362) 4,4-dimethyl-3-isopropenyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is cycloalkyl group of
monocyclic hydrocarbon,
(363) 3-cyclopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(364) 3-cyclobutyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(365) 3-cyclopentyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(366) 3-cyclohexyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is allyl group of
aromatic hydrocarbon 1 valence group,
(367) 4,4-dimethyl-3-phenyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(368) 4,4-dimethyl-3-naphthyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Substituent R5 is alkoxy carbonyl group resulting in
ester.
For example, when substituent R5 is hydroxy lower alkyl
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
group,
(370) 4,4-dimethyl -3-hydroxy methyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(371) 4,4-dimethyl -3-hydroxy ethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(372) 4,4-dimethyl -3-hydroxy propyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
5 and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is amino lower alkyl
group,
(373) 3-aminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(374) 3-aminoethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
10 (375) 3-aminopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is a lower alkylamino
lower alkyl group,
(376) 4,4-dimethyl-3-methylaminomethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
15 (377) 4,4-dimethyl-3-ethylaminomethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(378) 4,4-dimethyl-3-ethylaminoethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is a di-lower alkylamino
lower alkyl group,
20 (379) 3-dimethylaminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(380) 3-diethylaminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
,exemplified.
25 For example, when substituent R5 is cyclic amino group,
(381) 4,4-dimethyl-3-piperazinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(382) 4,4-dimethyl-3-morpholinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
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91
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is a cyclic amino lower
alkyl group,
(383) 4,4-dimethyl-3-piperazinylethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(384) 4,4-dimethyl-3-pyrrolinylmethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(385) 3-azethydinylmethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(386) 4,4-dimethyl-3-morpholinylmethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is acylamino group of
monoacylamin,
(387) 4,4-d.imethyl-3-formylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(388) 3-acetylamino-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(389) 4,4-dimethyl-3-propionylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(390) 3-butyrylamino-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is acyloxy group of
ester,
(391) 4,4-dimethyl-3-formyloxy-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(392) 3-acetyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(393) 4,4-dimethyl-3-propionyloxy-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(394) 3-butyryloxy-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R5 is a trihalogeno lower
alkyl group,
(395) 4,4-dimethyl-3-trichloromethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(396) 4,4-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
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92
For example, when substituent R5 is polycyclic group,
(397) 4,4-dimethyl-3-furyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(398) 4,4-dimethyl-3-propyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(399) 4,4-dimethyl-3-thienyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(400) 4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(401) 4,4-dimethyl-3-imidazolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(402) 4,4-dimethyl-3-thiazolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(403) 4,4-dimethyl-3-pyrrolinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(404) 3-benzofuryl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(405) 3-benzothiazolyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(406) 3-pyridyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(407) 4,4-dimethyl-3-quinolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(408) 4,4-dimethyl-3-pyrimidinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(409) 4,4-dimethyl-3-morpholinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is alkyl group of non-
cyclic saturated hydrocarbon,
(410) 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(411) 4,4-dimethyl-2-ethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(412) 4,4-dimethyl-2-propyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(413) 4,4-dimethyl-2-isopropyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(414) 2-butyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(415) 4,4-dimethyl-2-isobutyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(416) 2-benzyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(417) 4,4-dimethyl-2-hexyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(418) 4,4-dimethyl-2-octyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so on,
and those acid additiQn salts are exemplified.
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93
For example, when substituent R6 is alkoxy group of
heterocyclic compound,
(419) 2-pentyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(420) 4,4-dime thyl-2-hexyloxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified. For
example, when substituent R6 is a lower alkylamino group
of amines,
(421) 4,4-dimethyl-2-methylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(422) 4,4-dimethyl-2-ethylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(423) 4,4-dimethyl-2-propylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(424) 2-dimethylamino-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is alkenyl group of non-
cyclic saturated hydrocarbon,
(425) 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(426) 2-allyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(427) 4,4-dimethyl-2-isopropenyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is cycloalkyl group of
single cyclic hydrocarbon,
(428) 2-cyclopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(429) 2-cyclobutyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(430) 2-cyclopentyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(431) 2-cyclohexyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is allyl group of
aromatic hydrocarbon 1 valence group,
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94
(432) 4,4-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(433) 4,4-dime thyl-2-naphthyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
Substituent R6 represents alkoxy carbonyl group and
sometimes becomes ester.
For example, when substituent R6 is a hydroxy lower alkyl
group,
(435) 4,4-dimethyl-2-hydroxy methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
(436) 4,4-dimethyl -2-hydroxy ethyl -2-cyclohexen-l-one
(437) 4,4-dimethyl -2-hydroxy propyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is an amino lower alkyl
group,
(438) 2-aminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(439) 2-aminoethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(440) 2-aminopropyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is a lower alkylamino
lower alkyl group,
(441) 4,4-dimethyl-2-methylaminomethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one
(442) 4,4-dimethyl-2-ethylaminomethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(443) 4,4-dimethyl-2-ethylaminoethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is a di-lower alkylamino
lower alkyl group,
(444) 2-dime thylaminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
one
(445) 2-diethylaminomethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one and so on, and those acid addition salts are
exemplified.
5 For example, when substituent R6 is cyclic amino group,
(446) 4,4-dimethyl-2-piperazinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(447) 4,4-dimethyl-2-morpholinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is a cyclic amino lower
10 alkyl group,
(448) 4,4-dimethyl-2-piperazinylethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(449) 4,4-dime thyl-2-pyrrolinylmethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(450) 2-azethydinylmethyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(451) 4,4-dimethyl-2-morpholinylmethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
15 and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is acylamino group of
monoacylamin,
(452) 4,4-dimethyl-2-formylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(453) 2-acetylamino-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
20 (454) 4,4-dimethyl-2-propionylamino-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(455) 2-butyrylamino-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is acyloxy group of
ester,
25 (456) 4,4-dimethyl-2-formyloxy-2-cyclohexen-1-one
(457) 2-acetyloxy-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(458) 4,4-dimethyl-2-propionyloxy-2-cyclohexen-l-one
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96
(459) 2-butyryloxy-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and so
on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when substituent R6 is a trihalogeno lower
alkyl group,
(460) 4,4-dime thyl-2-trichloromethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(461) 4,4-dime thyl-2-trifluoromethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
and so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For. example, when substituent R6 is polycyclic group,
(462) 4,4-dimethyl-2-furyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(463) 4,4-dimethyl-2-propyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
(464) 4,4-dimethyl-2-thienyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(465) 4,4-dimethyl-2-isoxazolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(466) 4,4-dimethyl-2-imidazolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(467) 4,4-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(468) 4,4-dimethyl-2-pyrrolinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(469) 2-benzofuryl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(470) 2-benzothiazolyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(471) 2-pyridyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(472) 4,4-dimethyl-2-quinolyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(473) 4,4-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(474) 4,4-dimethyl-2-morpholinyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one and
so on, and those acid addition salts are exemplified.
For example, when R5 and/or R6 in chemical formula (3-b)
are bond substituents of condensation polycyclic
hydrocarbon compounds and condensation heterocyclic
compounds,
(475) 5H-4-dimethyl-7-oxo-indene
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(476) 4-dimethyl-l-oxo-tetralin
(477) 3H-4-dimethyl-l-oxo-anthracene
(478) 5H-4-dimethyl-7-oxo-benzothiophene
(479) 5H-4-dimethyl-7-oxo-benzofuran
(480) 5H-4-dimethyl-7-oxo-indole
(481) 6H-5-dimethyl-8-oxo-quinoline
(482).6H-5-dimethyl-8-oxo-quinoxaline
(483) 6H-5-dimethyl-8-oxo-cinnoline
(484) 5H-5-dimethyl-8-oxo-1,4-dithianaphthalene
(485) 3H-4-dimethyl-l-oxo-thianthrene, and those acid
addition salts are exemplified.
The compounds which is shown in chemical formula (1-
a), (1-b), (2), (3-a) and (3-b) of this invention can be
synthesized by the known processing manners of organic
synthesis with conventional organic chemical compounds
and/or natural plant oils. When the acid addition salts
or the compounds which is shown in general formula (1-a),
(1-b), (2), (3-a) and (3-b) are used as inhibitory or
blocking agents of function which is generated by multi-
dimensional structure, it is possible to be administered
as a single agent or a combined agent with the carrier
substances which can be allowable as drugs. However, it
needs to be not restricted in the manner which is
demonstrated in this invention. These compositions are
dependent on routes and/or planning of administration.
When the acid addition salts or the compounds which
is shown in general formula (1-a), (1-b), (2), (3-a) and
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(3-b) are used as drug above-mentioned, those can be
administered orally or non-orally as medicament
compositions such as powders, granules, tablets,
capsules, injection solutions by suitably mixing with
adequate components such as carrier substances,
excipients or attenuants which-are allowable
pharmaceutically. Also, an effect of the compounds can
be expected by manner of vapor.
When the compound which is shown in chemical formula
(1-a), (1-b), (2), (3-a) and (3-b) of this invention is
used by oral route, several types of tablets, capsules,
powder materials, granular agents and liquid agents are
available. When the compound is administered through the
non-oral route, those are used in the form of disinfected
fluid. When the compounds are used as types above-
mentioned, the carrier substances with nontoxic solids or
fluids include in a composition.
As an example of solid carriers, capsules made by
usual gelatin is used. Moreover, effective ingredients
are utilized with subsidiary substances or by tabulating,
granulating and/or powder packaging without subsidiary
substances. The following substances are used as the
excipients; gelatin, lactose, sugars such as glucose,
cone, wheat, rice, starches such as corn starch, fatty
acids such as stearic acid, fat bases such as calcium
stearic acid and magnesium stearic acid, talc, vegetable
oil, alcohol such as stearylalcohol and benzyl alcohol,
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gum, polyethylene alkylene glycol and so on.
These capsule, tablet, granule and powder are
generally 0.1-80 weight % and contains effective
ingredient of 0.1-60 weight %. Liquid carriers such as
water, physiological saline, sugar solution, dextrose
solution, -ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycols such
as polyethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene sorbitan
monoolate are desirable.
When it is administered non-orally by the manner of
intramuscular injection, intravenous injection or
hypodermic injection, the compounds provided in general
formula (1-a), (1-b), (2), (3-a) and (3-b) are used as
the germ-free solution which is added other solutes such
as minerals or glucose in order to make the isotonic
solution. Appropriate solvents for an injection
represent sterilizing water, solution of lidocaine
hydrochloride (for intramuscular injection),
physiological saline, glucose solution, any kind of
fluids for an intravenous injection, electrolyte solution
(for intravenous injection) and so on. When those
solutions for the injection are used, usual dosage is
0.01-20 weight % and is desirable at 0.05-5 weight %.
In the case of liquids for oral administration,-it
is better to be used as suspension or syrup with 0.01-20
weight %. A carrier of these liquids is watery excipient
such as perfume, syrup and micelle which are available
for pharmaceutic. manufacturing.
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When the compounds in this invention are drug-
manufactured by combination with the carriers which is
allowable on pharmaceutics, usually known methods and
techniques are avairable. Concretely, when ointment,
cream agents, emulsions or milky lotions are produced,
silver-carried inorganic compounds, drugs and halogen
compounds as occasion demands are added at melting and
mixing, simultaneously, during and after emulsification
resulting in ointments, cream agents or milky lotions.
Also, drugs and/or halogen compounds can be added firstly.
When the compounds in this invention are used as
sterilizing agents and disinfectants for living space, an
effect can be obtained by single use or combination with
suitable carriers. Concretely, it makes operate directly
or indirectly through a room air to solid surface by
aspersion, embrocation or evaporation.
Also, a sterilizing effect can be obtained by adding
the compounds into water of humidifier and on any part of
circulation circuits of air-conditioning device. In
addition, when the compounds in this invention
composition are used as depolymerization agents,
improving agents for surface active substances,
reductants, free radical scavengers, desulfurization
agents, phase transition agents, improving agents of
phase transition, improving agents of microphase
separation structure, promoting agents for plasticity
and/or elasticity, improving agent for plasticity and/or
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elasticity, copolymerization agents, copolymerization
improving agents, polymerization regulators, improving
agents for polymerization adjustment, stabilizers,
antioxidants, improving agents for crystallized materials
and/or amorphous materials, flexibility promoters and/or
improving agents for changing in flexibility, those
compounds can effectively control, inhibit and/or
generate an objective property of substances by using as
a single substance and/or a combination with adequate
carriers. When the compounds in this invention are used
as modulators or improving agents for fluorescent
wavelength and excitation wavelength of pigmentums,
coating materials, cosmetic pigments or colorants,
improving agents of physical property with low molecule
substance, improving agents of function with low molecule
substance, improving agents of physical property of
macromolecules substance, improving agents of function
with macromolecules substance and/or improving agents of
physical property with macromolecules composite materials
and functional macromolecules composite materials, those
compounds can effectively control, inhibit and/or
generate an objective property with substances by using
as a single substance and/or a combination with adequate
carriers. Concretely, an improvement of efficiencies can
be planned by selecting a mixing ratio with
macromolecules substances, a churning temperature, an
adjusting energy quantity such as protons and radio waves
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and/or transition metals.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a graph which represents the effect of
Yoshixol, which is a representative compound of
inhibitory or blocking agents of molecular generating
and/or inducing functions in this invention, on NADPH,
NADP, heme and cytochrome C which were measured by a
infrared spectrophotometer. Figure 2 is the graph which
shows the effect of Yoshixol on amino acids composition
of human blood serum, thrombin and fibrinogen. Figure 3
(a) and 3 (b) is the graphs which show the effect of
Yoshixol on blood coagulation measured by
thromboelastgram. Figure 4 is the graph which was
converted the digitalized data to a graphic design from
stained contrast of electrophoresis which was confirmed
the effect of Yoshixol on configuration and function of
proteins of trypsin and bovine albumin. Figure 5 (a) and
5 (b) are the graphs which show the effect of Yoshixol on
serum antibodies for blood type judgment of ABO blood
types, and'which were converted the digitalized data to a
graphic design from a magnitude of aggregated reaction.
Figure 6 is the graph which shows an effect of Yoshixol
on increases in blood pressure due to vasopressin.
Figure 7 (a), 7 (b) and 7(c) are the graph which was
converted the digitalized data to a graphic design from
stained contrast of electrophoresis which was confirmed
the effect of Yoshixol on configuration of proteins of
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bovine albumin and blood type anti-A blood serum, anti-B
blood serum. Figure 8 (a), 8 (b) and 8 (c) are the graph
which shows the antimicrobacterial effect of Yoshixol on
methitilin resistance staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), E.
Coli or Candida albicans. Figure 9 is a picture of an
scanning electron microscopy, which demonstrates a
typical morphological aspect of the cell death of MRSA
immediately after treatment with Yoshixol. Figure 10 is
a picture of an scanning electron microscopy, which
demonstrates a typical morphological aspect of the cell
death of E. coli immediately after treatment with
Yoshixol. Figure 11 is a picture of an scanning electron
microscopy,-which demonstrates a typical morphological
aspect of the cell death of acid-fast bacilli immediately
after treatment with Yoshixol. Figure 12 is a picture of
an scanning electron microscopy, which demonstrates a
typical morphological aspect of the cell death of Candida
albicans immediately after treatment with Yoshixol.
Figure 13 is a picture of an scanning electron microscopy,
20, which demonstrates a typical morphological aspect of the
cell death of pseudomonas aeruginosa immediately after
treatment with Yoshixol. Figure 14 is the graph which
shows the effect of Yoshixol on numbers of plaques
formation of the bacteriophage infected to E. Coli.
Figure 15 is the graph which shows the effect of Yoshixol
on chicken myeloblastosis virus (AMV) reverse
transcriptase. Figure 16 (a) and 16 (b) are histological
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pictures which show the effect of Yoshixol on cultured
keratinocytes, observed by a phase microscopy. Figure
17 (a) and 17 (b) are histological pictures which show
the effect of Yoshixol on cultured keratinocytes,
observed by an transmission electron microscopy. Figure
18 is the graph which shows survival rate of. the HeLa
cells which were treated with Yoshixol. Figure 19 is a
picture of an scanning electron microscopy, which
demonstrates a typical morphological aspect of the cell
death of HeLa cells immediately after treatment with
Yoshixol. Figure 20 (a) and 20 (b) are histological
pictures which show morphological changes of blood
erythrocyte due to Yoshixol, observed by a scanning
electron microscopy. Figure 21 is the histological
picture that canine skin after treatment with Yoshixol
was transplanted to rabbit, and that shows an implantable
effect of rabbit skin as a donor to dogs as recipient
when Yoshixol was treated intravenously after the
transplantation. Figure 22 is a picture which shows a
thrombolytic effect of Yoshixol on fresh thrombus.
Figure 23 are graphs which show the effect of Yoshixol on
change in amount of total proteins and concentration of
serum albumin when Yoshixol was administered orally in
dog. Figure 24 are graphs which show the effect of
Yoshixol on change in amount of concentration of serum
globulin and ratio of albumin vs globulin when Yoshixol
was administered orally in dog. Figure 25 are graphs
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which show the effect of Yoshixol on change in total
cholesterol and concentration of serum triglyceride when
Yoshixol was administered orally in dog. Figure 26 are
graphs which show the effect of Yoshixol on change in
serum nonproteins nitrogen and concentration of serum
creatinine when Yoshixol-was administered orally in dog.
Figure 27 are graphs which show the effect of Yoshixol on
change in concentration of serum creatinine when
Yoshixol was administered orally in dog. Figure 28 are
histological pictures which show the effect of Yoshixol
on flagellum of bovine spermatozoa, observed by a
scanning electron microscopy. Figure 29 are
histological pictures which show the effect of Yoshixol
on flagellum of bovine spermatozoa, observed by a
transmission electron microscopy. Figure 30 is a graph
which shows a calorimetry effect of Yoshixol on palmitic
acid, measured by a digital scanning calorimeter.
Figure 31 is a graph which shows a calorimetry effect of
Yoshixol on polyethylene glycol 1000, measured by a
digital scanning calorimeter. Figure 32 is a graph which
shows a calorimetry effect of Yoshixol on polystyrene
280,000, measured by a digital scanning calorimeter.
Figure 33 are graphs which show calorimetry effects of
Yoshixol on methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate,
measured by a digital scanning calorimeter. Figure 34
are graphs which show calorimetry effects of Yoshixol on
isobutyl methacrylate and poly-(vinyl chloride), measured
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by a digital scanning calorimeter. Figure 35 is a graph
which shows a calorimetry effect of Yoshixol on
polyethylene glycol 4000 and poly (methylacrylate),
measured by a digital scanning calorimeter. Figure 36
is a graph which shows a thermal mechanical effect of
Yoshixol on poly (vinyl chloride), measured by a thermal
mechanical analyzer. Figure 37 is a picture of
electrophoresis which shows the effect of Yoshixol on
newly synthesized dimers with 7 base pairs. Figure 38 is
a picture of electrophoresis which shows the effect of
Yoshixol on PCR of snake DNA by using a newly synthesized
dimer of 7 base pairs as a primer. Figure 39 is a graph
which shows the effect of Yoshixol on change in
absorbance of ethylene bromide, measured by a
spectrophotometer.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The chemical compound which is used and enforced in
this invention is not especially limited. But, as one of
a concrete and representative compound which shows
reasonable biological effect and which is easily
synthesized chemically because of the simple chemical
structure, it was synthesized 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-
cyclohexen-l-one (this compound is termed as Yoshixol)
which is the compound that all of substituent R3, R4, R5
and R6 shown in chemical formula (3-a) are hydrogen atoms.
And, unless otherwise specified, representative
experiments. are demonstrated using this Yoshixol so as to
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show the effectiveness of the present invention.
Chemical formula of this compound is the following.
O
H2C R6
R I
3 R
RQ 5
H3C CH3
Yoshixol was synthesized according to the following
processes. But, a synthesizing process of this compound
is not restricted by the synthesizing process which was
demonstrated here.
To a solution of diisopropylamine (7.27g, 7mmol) in
anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) was added drop wise a
hexane solution (1.62 mol/1) of n-butyllithium (44.4m1,
70 mmol) at -78 C. The solution was warmed to 0 C and
stirred for 1 hr at this temperature. After thus
prepared lithium diisopopylamide solution was again
cooled to -78 C, 4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one (7.5g,
60 mmol) was added dropwise and stirring was continued
for 1 hr. Then, gaseous formaldehyde, generated by a
thermal decomposition of paraformaldehyde (5g) over an
oil bath, was blown through the solution with a gentle
stream of dry nitrogen gas and the reaction mixture was
stirred for 2 hr. After standing over night at room
temperature, 1N hydrochloric acid was added until the
solution became weak acid. The solvent was removed and
the residue was extracted with ether. After drying over
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anhydrous sodium sulfate and removal of the solvent, a
mixture of 4,4-dimethyl- 6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
and 4,4-dimethyl- 6-hydroxymethyl- 2-cyclohexen-l-one was
obtained (7.03g). This mixture (3.0g) was treated in
= 5 reflxing benzene for 2 hr in the presence of catalytic
amount of anhydrous p-toluenegulfonic acid and molecular
sieve 3A (4g). The solution was neutralized with 1N
sodium bicarbonate and washed with brine. After drying
over anhydrous sodium sulfate and removal of the solvent,
crude 4,4-dimethyl-6-methylene-2-cyclohexen-l-one
(Yoshixol) was obtained (2.35 g, overall yield 68%). The
analytical sample was available. 2-cyclohexen-l-one was
obtained (2.35g, overall yield 68%). The analytical
sample was available after purification by column
chromatography or kugelrohr distillation but yield was
much lowered. This NMR analysis of Yoshixol is
following: IR(neat): 1670(C=O), 1620(C=C) cm-1. 1H NMR
(60 MHZ, CCL4), dl.15 (s,6H,C(CH3)2), 2.57 (bs,2H,CH2),
5.20, 5.93 (2m,2H,CH2=), 5.87 (d,J=10,1H,2-H), 6.63
(d, J=lOHz, 3-H) .
<Stability of solution under light>
Changes in coloring, viscosity and odor of Yoshixol
into a sealed glass tube, which have been stocked under
the room light, were observed at 6 months after the
synthesis. As a result, those of fragrance, coloring and
viscosity did not change and were identical to the
initial property.
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Though an effective dose of Yoshixol, the
derivatives and those acid addition salts is blended, the
adequate dosage differs dependently on body weights,
administration routes, symptoms, individual patient or
ages and so on.
For example, when it is administered orally in adult
patient, dosage of 0.01-5 mg/Kg weight per day, namely
0.1-2 mg/Kg of body weights per day, is acceptable and is
divided into one or several times a day.
And, when it is administered intravenously, dosage
of 0.01-500 mg/Kg body weight per day, namely 5-100 mg/Kg
body weight per days is acceptable and is divided into
into one or several times a day. Moreover, when an
objective to use in the life space so on is for a
sterilizing and/or bactericidal action, a range of
concentration between 0.5 and 100 picomole is desirable.
Though the following presentations by using Yoshixol
are demonstrated sequentially effectiveness of inhibitory
or blocking agents of the function induced or generated
by multi-dimensional structure which is major points of
this invention, Yoshixol is picked up as a concrete and
representative compound in order to most simply provide
effectiveness and basic mechanism. And also, the
preparations and methods of experiments which can most
simply discuss the mechanism and were most close
historically toward the method of the original idea that
has been promoted to specialization in scientific world
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were chosen in the invention. Therefore, the inhibitory
or blocking agents of molecular generating and/or
inducing functions which are provided in claims 1-6 of
this invention are not restricted any more by
experimental methods and regents demonstrated here- And,
because this invention consists of plans which are able
to provide and discuss above-mentioned biological
effects from a respect with physical property of
substances, this invention provides effectiveness on low
molecule substances and macromolecules substances of non-
living organism as shown in representative examples.
Though the following presentations by using Yoshixol
are demonstrated sequentially effectiveness of
controlling, inhibitory and/or blocking agents of the
function induced or generated by multi-dimensional
structure of low molecular substances and/or
macromolecular substances in this invention, Yoshixol is
picked up as a concrete and representative compound in
order to most simply provide effectiveness and basic
mechanism, identically in the case of biological effects.
And also, the preparations and methods of experiments
which can most simply confirm the mechanism were chosen
in the invention. Therefore, the inhibitory or blocking
agents of molecular generating and/or inducing functions
which are provided in claims 1-11 of this invention are
not restricted any more by experimental methods,-regents
and analysis demonstrated. here.
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<Concerning to reactions with ribose, glycerin, cellulose
and polyethylene vinyl>
Each 1 ml of glycerin, cellulose, polyethylene vinyl
and ribose (1 mol) was mixed respectively with 4 pl of
Yoshixol in the test tube and was blended. Then, a
fluidability and transparence of the reacted substance in
each sample tube were investigated at room temperature
(28 C) , heating (80 C) or cooling (4 C) state. At room
temperature, transparence and softness of each sample in
test tube increased. When each sample was cooled,
increases in hardness and cloudy occurred. In contrast,
at high temperature, increases in fluidability and
transparence of each sample occurred to be enhanced
greater than above two conditions. This result shows
that Yoshixol has polymerization and/or depolymerization
effect.
<Effect on NADPH, heme and cytochrome C>
Changes in concentration of NADPH (340 nanometer),
cytochrome C (415, 520, 550 nanometer), heme (415
nanometer) and aromatic amino acids (280 nanometer) in 1
pl of defibrinized human blood serum were measured before
and after treatment with 4 pl of Yoshixol by an infrared
spectrophotometer. Subsequently, although concentration
of NADPH, cytochrome C and heme did not alter even after
treatment with Yoshixol, characteristic peak of wave
length with amino acids was disappeared and shifted to
lower-wave length (range of aromatic amines). - The result
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shows that Yoshixol has an effect of producing new
aromatic amines not only due to dehydrogenation but due
to reduction and/or hydrogen binding. Figure 1 shows
that extremely high and monophasic peak of wave length
occurred resulting from disappearance of biphasic peak
increased at 280 nanometer.
<Effect on composition of amino acids in human blood
serum, fibrinogen and thrombin>
Changes in composition of amino acids were analyzed
by use of 1 ml of human blood serum, 1 ml of human
fibrinogen (concentration of 160 mg/dl), 1 ml of human
thrombin before and after treatment with Yoshixol (4 pl).
The total amino acids in the human blood serum which was
treated with Yoshixol decreased by 41%. And, ratio of
each composition was altered after th treatment so that
as an example the concentration of phosphoserine
increased about 20 times which level was from 7.2
picomole to 164.8 picomole. Moreover, though
concentration of the total amino acids in fibrinogen did
not change by treatment with Yoshixol, glutamic acid and
hydroxyl serine which were existed before treatment were
disappeared after the treatment and, concentration of
cystathione in fibrinogen increased to level of more than
5 times. In addition, in thrombin sample which was
treated with Yoshixol, glutamic acid, taurine, methionine
and aminoisobutylic acid which did not exist before the
treatment were produced newly. This result shows that
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Yoshixol has an effect of a cross-linking coupling such
as desulfurization reaction and has an effect which can
change from proteins and molecule of amino acids to other
molecular configurations of amino acids.
<Effect on human blood coagulation and fibrin formation>
Effect of Yoshixol (4 pl) on human blood coagulation
and fibrin formation (thrombin was added to fibrinogen)
were investigated by thromboelastgram (Hellige GMBH, West
Germany). Also, a magnitude of fibrin network which is
formed at human blood coagulation was investigated by a
scanning electron microscopy. Coagulation of human blood
without treatment with Yoshixol was started within 1-2
min so that maximum level of coagulation occurred
approximately within 15 min, followed by gradual decrease
due to activation of fibrinolytic system. Immediately
after thrombin is added on fibrinogen, viscosity of the
sample started to increase, reached to a maximum level
within 5-6 minutes. This maximum level was maintained
for .periods of 6 hours which was observed (referred
Figure 3a). However, when Yoshixol (4 pl) was added in
0.4 ml of whole blood or fibrinogen (160 mg/dl), onset
time of blood coagulation and fibrin formation was
delayed to 4-5 minutes and maximum aggregation time was
occurred within 6-8 minutes. Maximum level of
coagulation after the treatment was inhibited by 90% of
control which level was maintained over 6 hours of
investigation ( referred Figure 3b). And, when thrombin
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treated with Yoshixol was added in fibrinogen, any of
aggregation reaction was not be found on thromboelastgram.
Moreover, in morphological investigations of blood
coagulation, rouleaux formation of erythrocyte and
formation of fibrin net occurred markedly in the non-
treated group with Yoshixol, however, those formations in
treated group with Yoshixol did not occur. The result
shows that Yoshixol has a strong anticoagulant effect
( anti-thrombin effect) and antifibrinolytic effects.
<Effects on change in function of trypsin and thrombin
and on it's configuration change>
Each physiological effect of trypsin (Wakou Jyunyaku
Ltd.) and thrombin (Behlinger Manheim-Yamanouchi Co.) was
investigated by electrophoresis. When trypsin was added
to bovine albumin (Sigma Co. Saint Louis, Missouri, USA)
or myoglobin (Sigma Co. Saint Louis, Missouri, USA), each
primary structure of proteins which consist of albumin
was altered by proteolytic action of trypsin. In
addition, when thrombin was added to human fibrinogen
(Behlinger Manheim-Yamanouchi Co.), a primary structure
of proteins which consists of fibrinogen was not found.
Moreover, primary structure of proteins which consist of
trypsin or fibrinogen did not show any electrophoretic.
changes even after treatment with Yoshixol (4 pl) and,.
physiological function of trypsin or fibrinogen to bovine
albumin, myoglobin and fibrinogen did not occur (referred
Figure 4). This result shows that Yoshixol can block
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specificity of function which each trypsin or thrombin
has because of changing multi-dimensional structure, but
not of changing primary structure of trypsin or thrombin.
<Effect on function of serum antibodies for ABO blood
types>
It is also known that antibody has a structure of Y
shape which consists of 2 pairs of light chain and heavy
chain in generally, and that the fundamental structure is
maintained by S-S bond. Serum antibody reaction of ABO
blood types is important historically to understand
various kinds of antigen-antibody reactions. In this
invention, effect of Yoshixol (4 pl) on the standard
judgment of ABO blood types was investigated by using
human blood of A type, B type and 0 type (400 pl,
respectively ). When each antiserum of blood types was
not treated with Yoshixol, antiserum could judge blood
type ordinally, resulting from that anti-A blood serum
caused a blood aggregation when it was added to human
blood of A type, anti-B blood serum caused a blood
aggregation when it was added to human blood of B type
and both of anti serums did not cause blood aggregation
when it was added to human blood of 0 type ( referred
Figure 5a ). But, when a judgment of ABO type blood type
was done by using each antiserum treated with Yoshixol (4
pl), any aggregation did not occur in sample blood with
each blood type, and normal judgment of ABO blood type
was impossible (referred Figure 5b ). Moreover, when a
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primary structure of antiserums for ABO blood types was
investigated by an electrophoretic analysis, any change
in primary structure of antiserums did not find even
after treatment of Yoshixol. Thus, the results show that
Yoshixol can inhibit or block an antibody function which
is induced or generated by multi-dimensional structure
more than primary structure of antibody.
<Effect-on physiological function of vasopressin and
insulin as peptides>
Each vasopressin and insulin has a physiological
effect such as a rise of blood pressure and a fall of
sugar level in blood respectively. An effect of Yoshixol
on these physiological functions was investigated and
compared by injection of each hormone without or with
treatment with Yoshixol in rabbit in vivo. When
vasopressin (100 ng/Kg, Sigma Co. Saint Louis, Missouri,
USA) without treatment with Yoshixol was injected
intravenously, blood pressure increased by 15-25 mmHg so
that this increased level was maintained for about 25
minutes. But, vasopressin (100 ng/Kg) treated with
Yoshixol (4 pl) caused a increase in blood pressure of
only about 5 mmHg (referred Figure 6). Moreover, a
maximal fall of blood sugar level due to injection of
insulin (5 units/Kg, Novo Ltd.) without treatment with
Yoshixol was 45 mg/dl. When insulin treated with
Yoshixol (4 pl) was injected, change in blood sugar level
was only 12 mg/dl. The results show that Yoshixol can
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inhibit or block physiological effect on bioactive
peptides with low molecule and hormones which have
functional specificity consisted and generated by amino
acid sequences.
<Effect on primary structure of proteins>
Changes in molecular weight composition of the
following macromolecular proteins (1 mole solution)
before and after treatment with Yoshixol (4 pl) were
investigated after heated denaturation by electrophoretic
analysis of non-SDS wide page. The used macromolecules
proteins solutions of 1 ml are human defibrinized serum,
bovine albumin, human fibrinogen, myoglobin, anti-A
blood type serum and anti-B blood type serum (Green Cross
Co.). Even after treatment with Yoshixol, distribution
of molecular weights on electrophoretic analysis was
identical to that of the macromolecules proteins which is
not treated (referred Figure 7). This result shows that
Yoshixol does not directly change a primary structure of
a biological proteins with macromolecules because of an
identical pattern of electrophoretic analysis of each
non-treated sample with Yoshixol.
<Concerning about anti-microbacterial effects>
(Effect on methitilin resistance staphylococcus aureus,
MRSA) Effect of Yoshixol on MRSA was investigated by
using the original strain (stock no. SCK18) which was
isolated from sepsis patient and which was confirmed to
cause severe circulatory shock in experimental animals
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such as mouse, rat, rabbit and dog. Culture medium was
used a brain-heart infusion agar. Using dosage of
Yoshixol between 0.25 pl and 10 pl per 1 ml of culture
medium, colony formation unit (CFU) was measured after
24-hour incubation at 370C and the initial CFU was 108.
CFU in non-treated group with Yoshixol as control group
increased to 1010 during 24-hour cultured, however, CFU
in treated group with Yoshixol (0.25 pl per 1 ml of
culture medium) decreased to 104. Additionally, at
dosages of 2 pl and 10 pl of Yoshixol per 1 ml of
culture medium CFU were 102 and zero respectively
(referred Figure 8a). The result show that Yoshixol has
a strong bactericidal effect on MRSA which has been
acquired resistance to other antibiotics in gram positive
bacteria.
(Effect on E. Coli) Effect of Yoshixol was investigated
by using E. Coli (E. coli strain no. W3110) and brain-
heart infusion agar as culture medium. Using dosage of
Yoshixol ( 2 pl per 1 ml of culture medium), colony
formation unit (CFU) was measured after 24-hour
incubation at 37 C and the initial CFU was 108. CFU in
non-treated group with Yoshixol as control group
increased to 1010 during 24-hour cultured, however, CFU
in treated group with Yoshixol (2 pl per 1 ml of culture
medium) decreased to zero after 1 hour cultured, and was
still zero after 24 hours (referred Figure 8b). The
result show that Yoshixol has an extremely strong
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bactericidal effect on E. coli which is gram negative
bacteria.
(Effect on acid-fast bacteria) Effect of Yoshixol was
investigated by using atypical mycobacteria
(Mycobacterium Rapid Grower) and judged the effect by
measuring a=size of inhibition zone of proliferation on
brain-heart infusion agar. The formation of inhibition
zone of proliferation occurred at 0.2 pl of Yoshixol per
1 ml of the culture medium and revealed 22 mm of the
diameter at 2 pl. The result shows that Yoshixol has a
strong bactericidal effect on atypical mycobacteria.
(Concerning about antifungal effect) In order to
investigate effect of Yoshixol (2 pl per 1 ml of culture
medium on Candida albicans, it was investigated by using
Candida Albicans (106 CFU/ml) and Sabouraud broth (5 ml).
In non-treated group with Yoshixol, CFU did not change
after 3 hours incubated, and tended to increase. However,
in treated group with Yoshixol, CFU became zero after 1
hour. This level of zero was maintained even after 3
hours incubated. This result show that Yoshixol has an
strong antifungal effect.
Those antibacterial effects provide interests
related to histological aspect of cell death. Thus, in
MRSA, investigation by a scanning electron microscopy
showed characteristic histological images after Yoshixol
that grouped MRSA bacilli was separated to an individual
bacterial cell, and. that small particles with a size of
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10-50 nm were sprayed out with an explosive aspect from
surface structure of the individual cell (Figure 9) and,
that as at the final stage of cell death the smaller
particles than the above were dispersed like fireworks
with concentric circle. Such characteristic aspects were
also observed by a transmission electron microscopic
image. Scanning electron microscopic observation of E.
Coli showed that the surface of E. coli were loosed the
smoothness and were consisted of small particles about
10-50 nm and, that some expanded prominences were
appeared on the surface (referred Figure 10). In the
case of E. coli, of course, an adhesive group of bacilli
lost and the products at the final stage were destroyed
resulting in small particles. Even in cases of acid-fast
bacteria (referred Figure 11) and Candida albicans
(referred Figure 12) after treatment with Yoshixol,
similar histological aspects were observed. Moreover,
histological observation of pseudomonas aeruginosa after
treatment with Yoshixol showed that the bacilli were
swelled as likely as a a balloon and were ruptured so
that components of the bacilli became into small
particles (referred Figure 13). These results show that
though Yoshixol has a disinfective and antimicrobacterial
effect, mechanism for cell death differs from the
antibacterial and bactericidal mechanism with
conventional drugs such as denaturation, necrosis and/or
coagulation. The characteristic mechanism related to
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effect of Yoshixol on microbacteria is to inhibit an
adhesion between individual bacteria and to produce small
particles by destroying the components of bacilli, with
an aspect of erupting, explosing and/or ballooning
according to molecular composition which is contributed
to each morphogeneis of bacilli. These histological
findings are identical with zeiosis or apoptosis which
has been pointed out. Thus, this indicated point shows
that it is possible to apply Yoshixol as effective
antibacterial and/or bactericidal agents which do not
induce a variability and drug resistance .
<Concerning to disinfection sterilizing effect>
In order to investigate antimicrobacterial effect of
evaporating component of Yoshixol, antimicrobacterial
effect of Yoshixol in this invention, which concentration
is 50 pl in the whole space of the schale, was studied
by culturing the bacilli of methitiline resistance
staphylococcus aureus, E. Coli, Candida albicans and
acid-fast bacteria which were same strains mentioned
above in the ordinary gelatin agar and BHI (brain heart
infusion) culture medium, heart infusion culture medium
and Sabouraud culture medium. It was done to investigate
prolifelation of each bacteria during 24 hours incubation
by avoiding to contact with culture medium which was
disseminated each bacteria and a piece of filter paper
which was dipped in adequate amount of Yoshixol. For it,
the position of culture medium was upside and sample
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paper was put on the base of the schale. Subsequently,
proliferation of each bacteria mentioned above did not
occur even at indirect contact due to evaporating
component of Yoshixol from the base of the schale in a
constant-temperature state of 37 OC, but not due to a
direct contact diffusion. This result shows that
volatilizating and/or evaporating component of Yoshixol
in this invention comfirmatively has a strong effect as
bactericidal and/or sterilized agent even when it is used
via room air in the living space.
<Concerning effect on production of nitric oxide>
Recent interest has been focused recently in effects
of nitric oxide (NO) which is generated in body. Such
effects are anticancer effect, bactericidal effect,
inhibitory effect of antigen- antibody reaction and
cardiovascular effect. Involvement of NO in the effects
of Yoshixol which was demonstrated above, such as effect
on blood aggregation, effect on fibrin formation and
antibacterial effect on MRSA, was investigated by using
NG-methyl-L-arginine (NMLA) as blocking agent of
generating NO. When 4 pl of NMLA (1 mol) was added in
the each test sample with and without Yoshixol, blood
aggregation effect, effect of fibrin formation and
bactericidal effect of Yoshixol were decreased by 10- 20%
comparing to effect of Yoshixol alone. This result shows
that Yoshixol is a NO producing agent in vivo and that
the produced NO by Yoshixol contributes to about 10-20%
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of anticancer effect, bactericidal effect, anti-viral
effect and effect on antigen-antibody reaction of
Yoshixol.
<Effect on bacteriophage>
Yoshixol (4 p1) were added in 1 ml of phage solution
(E79 double-chained DNA phage) which was adjusted on
about 107 per 1 ml, and were mixed well. Then, 10 pl of
the mixture sampled after 5, 10, 20, 30 minutes was
diluted by quickly adding in 10 ml of medium, so that 100
p1 of the phage-diluted solution put into the test tube
as the upper plate with the warmed gelatin agar., which
was mixed with 100 p1 of the indication bacterial
solution (pseudomonas aeruginosa) cultured for one night.
Then, the adjusted solution of the phages in the test
tube was dropped on the agar plate and, homogeneous.
surface of the upper agar plate was produced by smoothly
rotating the plate on the table. After resting it on the
table about 10 minute when multilayer gelatin agar
sufficiently became solid, they were stocked into the
incubator at 37t. After one night incubation, numbers
of plaques were counted. As a result, the numbers of
plaques in the 5 min-treated phage solution, in 10 min-
treated phage solution and in the 15 min-treated phage
solution with Yoshixol decreased to 33%, 15% and 6% of
the plaques formation in the non-treated phage solution,
respectively. Moreover, when the phage solution was
treated with Yoshixol over 20 min, plaques formation did
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not find (referred Figure 14).
< Concerning antiviral effect >
In order to investigate the effect on virus, changes
in structure of single strand DNA, double strand DNA and
mRNA of E. coli bacteriophage (1ml of 1 mol solution),
which were prepared as non-treated sample and treated
sample with 4 pl of Yoshixol, were observed by scanning
and transmission electron microscopes. In addition,
according a general bacteriological technique, changes in
proliferation and in morphological aspect (by scanning
and transmission electron microscopes) of E. coli, which
was infected by single strand DNA, double strand DNA or
mRNA, were investigated before and after treatment of
each phage with Yoshixol. As treated samples, 4 pl of
Yoshixol was added in 1 ml of each phage solution which
concentration was adjusted to 1 mol. As a result, a
characteristic helical and multi-dimensional structure
with single strand DNA, double strand DNA and mRNA of E.
Coli bacteriophage became a simple structure after
treatment with Yoshixol and, a distance of the chain was
markedly separated. On histological investigation of E.
coli, an adhesion of the phage on the bacterial surface
and/or intrabacterial existence were observed in the non-
treated group, but not in the treated group with Yoshixol.
In addition, an effect of Yoshixol on chicken
myeloblastosis virus (AMV) reverse transcriptase (Gibco
Co. Getesburg; Maryland, USA ) was investigated by
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measuring amount of cDNA synthesis, which was amplified
by PCR of RNA(5 pg) and AMV reverse transcriptase (25
units). As treated group, 0.01 pl of Yoshixol was added
to 25 units sample of the AMV reverse transcriptase.
Thus, the expected production of cDNA was obtained in the
non-treated group, however,- the amount of cDNA production
decreased to 10% of the expected one when Yoshixol was
treated (referred Figure 15). This result shows that
Yoshixol has inhibitory effect for self prolifelation
ability within host cells, destroying action of virus,
inhibitory effect for adhesion with host cells, and
effect which causes a change in multi-dimensional
structure of genes with virus oneself.
< Concerning anti-cancer effect >
Adhesive factors between cells play an important
role on prolifelation of malignant tumor cells and
metastasis. In order to investigate the adhesive factors
between cells, intracellular structure of cultured
keratinocytes are utilized to observe. Thus, by using
keratinocytes isolated from a human skin and cultured in
this invention, structure between cells and cellular
aspect of keratinocytes (5 days passed after culturing of
second generation) were investigated by phase microscope
(Olympus Co., IMT-2), transmission type (JEOL, Ltd. JEM
1200, EXII) and scanning type (JEOL, Ltd. JSM-6000F)
electron microscopes. In the non-treated group with
Yoshixol, the cultured cells proliferated monologously
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and in order as like as a stone wall. There were normal
aspects of intracellular organella and mitosis. There
were not blank spaces between cell and filling with
intracellular matrix (referred Figure 16a, 17a ). In
contrast, aspects of cultured cells in the treated group
with 4 pl of Yoshixol showed diverse irregularity.
Moreover, there were many cells which cell membrane and
intracellular organella (Golji apparatus, rough
endoplasmic reticulum, cytoskeleton which consists of
tubulin) were destroyed with varieties and coupling
between cells has also estranged in an irregularity. In
addition, extracellular matrix has been also dispersed in
an irregularity from cells as various sizes of particles
(referred Figure 16b, 17b). These observations similar
to the above were found in cultured HeLa cells (American
Type Culture Collection, ATCC No. CCL2, Maryland, USA,
referred Figure 18) and cultured mouse hepatoma cells.
This result shows that Yoshixol in this invention can
suppress cell division and prolifelation, and can block
adhesion between cells. And also, Yoshixol has an
inhibitory effect of cell prolifelation and metastasis
such as tumor cells. Additionally, from histological
findings, aspects of destroyed cells due to Yoshixol is
far from those of necrosis in cell death which has been
reported (referred Figure 19) and, is more close to the
picture which have been reported as natural cell death or
apoptosis ( these morphologic images were investigated in
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various bacteria mentioned above). And also, these
findings show that small particles destroyed from cell
composition (10-100 nm) were cleaned up by phagocytosis
of macrophages and/or lymphocytes, resulting in
reuptaking those particles and being recycling into the
natural physiological phenomena of living organism.
< Concerning preservative effect on organs and tissues>
After sampling 5 ml of human blood from a cubital
vein, the blood sample was replaced into the vacuum tube
with 10 ml capacity and was mixed in a gentle. The
vacuum tubes were divided by two group; one group is
nontreated and another treated with 4 pl of Yoshixol.
Then, changes in morphological aspects of blood, which
were stored at room temperature, were observed by a
transmission type and scanning electron microscopes at 30
minutes, one hour and 1 month after the sampling. When
the blood sample was not treated with Yoshixol,
coagulated masses were found 30 minutes after the
sampling and, normal aspects of erythrocytes did not
found. It was existed likely as a destroyed and
aggregated mass. However, erythrocytes which were
processed by Yoshixol did not show an aggregation with
fibrin networks. Many stomatocytes (lip-like
erythrocyte) and echinocyte which is appeared at a lack
of pyruvate kinase were observed. However, cell membrane
and intracellular organella were preserved normally over
1 month (referred Figure 20). This result shows that
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blood treated with Yoshixol can be stored even in room
temperature and has an effectiveness as preservative
agents for organs and tissues which are functional units
of body.
< Concerning inhibitory effect of rejected reaction on
heterogeneous skin implantation >
Changes in transplanted skin for 3 months were
observed by macroscopically and microscopically, when a
piece of skin with entire layer (diameter 3 centimeter
meter) at a region of the back of rabbit was transplanted
to the region of the back of adult mongrel dog as the
entire layer transplantation, and when a piece of skin
with entire layer (diameter 3 centimeter meter) at a
region of the back of adult mongrel dog was transplanted
to the region of the back of rabbit as the entire layer
transplantation. Firstly, each piece of skin from rabbit
or dog was treated with 5 ml of physiological saline with
10 pl of the test solution for 2 minutes so that each
skin piece was transplanted to each recipient by the
surgical suture. Two kinds of the test solution were
prepared for the above treatment; as control solution,
basal solution consists of 2m1 of polyoxyethylene (20)
sorbitan monoolate 1 (Wakou Jyunyaku Co. ) which is
identical to Tween 80 (ICI Ltd.) and 88 ml of
physiological saline, and as treated solution, 10 ml of
Yoshixol was added in the basal solution. And, 10 pl of
Yoshixol was treated directly on the transplanted wound
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for 3 days after implantation. Desquamation of each
transplanted skin which were treated with the basal
solution as control group began on 3-5th days after
implantation, and the transplanted wound showed extremely
dirty aspect with tissue necrosis and inflammation
reaction. After one week, the transplanted skin showed
mummification so that it was dropped out-from the
recipient completely 10 days after the implantation.
Then, implantated wound of the recipient was cured with a
self regenerated skin of each recipient after 3 months.
On the other hand, when a piece of transplanted skin is
dipped in the Yoshixol solution, the treated skin became
to be soft and increases in it's thickness. And, a
suture procedure with surgical needle was easily done.
The transplanted skin did not show a desquamation and
deciduation 2 weeks after the implantation, and an
inflammation reaction also was inhibited. So that an
inflammatory tissue reaction was not also found after 1
month. The transplanted wound showed an aspect which was
covered with chitin-like and lustered collagens-like
substances so that the wound was cured to a level which
could not find a boundary with a skin of recipient (upper
panel of Figure 21). These results show that Yoshixol
can inhibit a rejection reaction for the transplantation
by pretreatment of tissues or organs of donor with
Yoshixol when heterogeneous transplantation of tissues or
organs as well as skin was performed. Simultaneously
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with the above, Yoshixol can inhibit complications of
infections on the donor tissues or organs, and can
improve an implantation effect. Moreover, by using an
entire layer (diameter 3 centimeter meter) of rabbit skin,
changes in a piece of the transplanted skin which was
sutured to the back of the dog as the recipient were
investigated over 3 months after the implantation. The
rabbit skin did not receive the pretreatment with
Yoshixol. The recipient dogs were received 10 p1/Kg per
day of Yoshixol intravenously for one week, and they did
not receive any kinds of conventional antibiotics and/or
immunosuppressants. It was found that an transplanted
skin was implanted on the back of dog over 1 month
without a rejection reaction and bacterial infection. An
outer layer of the transplanted skin was faded 3 month
after the implantation likely as to strip a thin membrane.
But, though an appearance of a hair was not found in a
wounded skin, well epithelialization was found
macroscopically and microscopically (lower panel of
Figure 21). In addition, by this intravenous
administration of Yoshixol, adult mongrel dog also became
vigor, youthful and appetite-well in comparison with
behaviors before the treatment. This result shows that
Yoshixol can inhibit a rejection reaction of the
transplantation as well as an improvement of physical
status due to the intravenous administration. And, it
can also simultaneously inhibit infections and can
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improve an implantation effect.
< Concerning thrombolytic effect >
In order to investigate a thrombolytic effect of
Yoshixol on thrombus, 1 ml of human blood or canine blood
were sampled by a syringe and transferred into the
Petori-schale (grainer lab. GmHB) so that thrombus
formation and rouleaux formation were observed under a
phase contrasted microscopy (IMT-2, Olympus Co.). Then,
1 pl of Yoshixol was added in the blood sample when all
visual fields could not be discriminated as an normal
individual erythrocyte by thrombus formation. Then, a
thrombolytic process of the thrombus was investigated and
the process was recorded to a video tape via a collar
video camera (CCD-IRIS, Sony Co.). The video pictures
were analyzed as a liquid phenomena by an original
software of dynamic state analysis. When Yoshixol was
added in the sample, the thrombus which has consisted
with a mass has completely individualized to each
erythrocyte via a reversed process of the thrombus
formation. And, while original form of erythrocyte was
recovered, each erythrocyte was marvelously dispersed
from thrombus. In addition, hemolysis due to swelling
and rupturing each erythrocyte did not occur. Each
position of the individual erythrocyte did not disturb a
position of other erythrocyte , and as a whole there was
a dynamic state with a defined order (referred Figure
22 ). On being analyzed this process by a dynamic image
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processing or microscopically, the pattern of this
process showed a behavior as a dissipative mass similarly
to phenomenon of liquidarization of solid materials or
gelatinization phenomenon. This result show that
mechanism of thrombogeneis in the blood and serum which
is one example of non-newtonian physical property is
interpreted by thermodynamically. And, Yoshixol has a
potential to improve circulatory hindrance which is
disturbed physiological role on original blood such as
fluidability by being solidability. Yoshixol can apply
as thrombolytic agents as well as inhibitory agents for
thrombus formation.
< Concerning effect on improving metabolism >
In order to investigate changes in blood cells,
chemical components in blood and improving effect on
metabolism after oral administration of Yoshixol, 10 pl
per body weight of Yoshixol was mixed with 100 g of dog
foods (" dog foods < beef >", produced in New Zealand,
imported by Daiei, Inc., followed by pet food fair
trading committee standard), this food was given to the
beagles as their feedstuff. Oral administration was
continued for 1 week, and samplings of blood was
performed before, 1 day after and 3 day after
administration, and 1 day after and 7 days after the stop
of the administration. And, red blood cells, white blood
cells and platelets were counted. Also, total proteins
(Byuret method) in a blood serum, albumin (BCG method),
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urea nitrogen (GLDH-UV method), creatinine (enzymic
method), glucose (GDH method), total bilirubin (enzymic
method) are measured. GOT and GPT (JSCC sub method), TTT
and ZTT (standard method of research project of liver
function), cholinesterase (DMBT method), total
cholesterol (PDO enzymic method), triglyceride (PDO
enzymic method), uric acid (urikase PDO method), serum
iron (nitroso PSAP method), creatinine phosphokinase (SCC
sub method), sodium, potassium and chloride (ISE
dilution), inorganic phosphorus (enzymes-UV method) and
calcium (OCPC method) were also measured. As a result,
any changes in numbers of red blood cells, white blood
cells and platelets did not found. Moreover, any changes
in concentration of total bilirubin, GOT, GPT, TTT, ZTT,
cholinesterase, serum iron, potassium, sodium, chloride,
inorganic phosphorus and calcium did not found. However,
total proteins increased 3 days after administration of
Yoshixol followed by recovery to a same level in the
control 1 week after the stop of administration. Though
albumin level did not change (referred Figure 23),
albumin/globulin ratio was elevated 3 days after
administration (referred upper panel of Figure 24)
indicating of newly producing globulin. Moreover, though
blood sugar level was elevated by 15% of the control
group 3 days after taking feedstuff, this elevated blood
sugar level did not found in the treated group with
Yoshixol .and the rebound phenomena of the glucose
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metabolism did not occur 1 week after the stop of
administration (referred lower panel of Figure 24). A
difference in concentration of total cholesterol and
triglyceride between groups did not occur (referred
Figure 25). But, levels of nonproteins nitrogen and
creatinine in the serum showed lower value (70-80% of the
control) since 1 day after administration (referred
Figure 26), and level of uric acid also was maintained at
lower level during the administration. In addition,
creatinine phosphokinase fell (referred Figure 27), and
enzymes such as y -GPT, GOT, GPT also fell. TTT and ZTT
did not show abnormal values. During this administration
of Yoshixol and 1 weeks after stopping administration,
any abnormal behaviors, diarrhea, vomiting and bloody
feces, loss of the weight and appetite loss were not
observed. Moreover, even though 3 pl per body weight of
Yoshixol was administered for one month to the beagles
and the parameters of blood samples were observed during
3 months, a similar effect of Yoshixol to the above
experiments could be obtained even though there was a
difference of the time-lag and a degree. These results
show that oral administration of Yoshixol can be expected
several effects to improve metabolism and nutrition such
as saccharides, lipids and proteins. Thus, Yoshixol can
apply as therapeutic drugs into protective agents for
cellular function as well as agents for diabetes, kidney
diseases, heptic diseases and hypoproteinsemia.<
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Concerning softening and flexibility effect on skin >
In order to investigate changes of softening and
flexibility on skin from rabbit and dog, each skin was is
dipped in 5 ml of physiological saline with 10 pl of the
test solution. This test solution was prepared from 88
ml of physiological saline with 2 ml of polyoxyethylene
(20) sorbitan monoolate 1 (Wakou Jyunyaku Co.) that is
identical to Tween80 (ICI Co.)-as the basal solution of
control. As the treated solution, 10 ml of Yoshixol was
added in the basal solution. When each skin sample was
dipped in the test solution for approximately 1-2 minute,
the treated skin became soft, wetly and thicken.
Surgical stitching by the needle was easily to be
inserted and transfixed in the skin. Additionally,
structure damages of each skin did not found
histologically. And, the sample treated with Yoshixol
was observed as the preparation which was made from a
fresher sample by hematoxylin eosin staining in contrast
to the skin sample treated with the test solution of
control. Moreover, a similar observation on histological
pictures of each sample was obtained even when each skin
sample was thawed at 20 C after storaging each sample at
4 C in the refrigeration for one month. This result
shows that it is possible that Yoshixol can apply as
flexibility promoters and/or softners of the tissues
and/or substances which have fiber structures such as
skin and, that Yoshixol can utilize as preserving agents
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for organs.
< Concerning inhibitory effect on flagellum motility of
spermatozoa >
In order to investigate an effect of Yoshixol on a
flagellum motility of spermatozoa, the spermatozoa (seed
Japanese bull ID: Sinmorihide < registration No.Zen-Wa-
Kurolll4, lot No.84Y28>) which has been conserved in the
liquid nitrogen was thawing at 35 C. After thawing, 1
ml of semen was transferred to Petori-schale (grainer lab.
GmHB) and, flagellum motility was observed by a phase
contrast microscopy (IMT-2, Olympus Co.) and was recorded
by a video film via a collar video camera (CCD-IRIS, Sony
Co.) so that wave cycles and speed of the flagellum were
analyzed by an original software of dynamic state
analyzer. While a head of normal spermatozoa was
transferred by regular movement of a flagellum at the
speed of 0.3-1.5 mm per second, a flagellum movement was
immediately inhibited after 1 pl of Yoshixol was added so
that velocity of spermatozoa became zero. However,
though a flagellum movement was completely stopped, the
rotation of the head which occurs at the centriole (near
junction between head and tail) was found during a few 10
seconds. And, a speed of this rotation gradually was
decelerated with progress of a time. This result shows
that Yoshixol is related to physical property and
function property of substance (for example, actin such
as contraction proteins and hydrolysis reaction of ATP as
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energy source) which is concerned with a flagellum
movement of spermatozoa, so that Yoshixol is related
greatly on a movement and signal transduction of the
procaryotes and eucaryotes, and on the dynamic behavior
which is essential qualities of living organism.
Moreover, from the knowledge that these movements of
cells are involved in microfilaments and microtubles
which is constricted from the proteins assembly, a
morphological change of this spermatozoa due to treatment
with Yoshixol was investigated by transmission type
(JEM1200, EXII, JEOL, Ltd.) and scanning type (JSM-6000F,
JEOL, Ltd.) electron microscopy. The outside of normal
flagellum with regular basic structure of 9+2 is enclosed
with a cell membrane and, there was the axial filament
which structure is related to a movement is observed
inside. The axial filament has two pairs of tubles
(centrum pair) that exist mainly on the center and nine
double tubles that exist in a periphery (circumscription
canaliculus). The surface structure contributed to the
movement was observed to make ring formation likely to
the doughnuts, which are configured orderly and smoothly
on the surface. But, though morphological aspect as a
whole of spermatozoa was not altered by the treatment
with Yoshixol, many particles with a size of 10-30 nm on
the surface were observed likely to be blowed out, when
the surface structure of flagellum was investigated by a
magnification. And also, ring formation likely to a
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doughnut in which region is contributed to the movement
was not found and, adhesion of small particles were
noticeable (referred Figure 28). Moreover, while
fundamental fiber units of a flagellum were maintained on
the transmission electron microscopic observations, there
were a lack of continuity of the membrane which
surrounds fibers of the surface and a lack of regular
alignment configuration whose fiber units (myofibrille)
inside of the each unit of fiber construction. And, an
appearance of high-density aggregated substance was found
(referred Figure 29). Moreover, the morphologic changes
in the surface and intracellular organella of the head
were not found in contrast to findings of marked changes
in flagellum. These results show that in the present
situation which many interests involve in a role as
cytoskeleton which is related to dimer formation of actin
and tubulin (for example, oncogeneis, metastasis, cell
death and so on), Yoshixol can apply into inhibitory
agents of bacteria prolifelation for procaryotes,
antibacterial agents and/or anticancer agents for
eucaryotes as well as application as the contraceptive
agents which can control and/or inhibit a motility of
spermatozoa. Moreover, it is shown that Yoshixol can
apply into inhibitory agents or control agents for
generating function which is based on the polymerization
reaction related with morphogeneis, cell adhesion and
each life events (for example, immune response).
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< Effect on changing a physical property with
macromolecule >
Changes in physical properties (for example, change
of glossy or shiny and luster, accurate boundary on
casting formation, smoothness and homogeneity of surface,
transparence, texture minuteness, change in quantity and
so on) of macromolecules due to Yoshixol were
investigated. In other words, 100 pl of Yoshixol per 100
g of following each substance was added. Then, each
sample was processed with heating within a water tank
until the melting followed that the melted sample was
poured into a filling teeth-marks phantom of caries which
is used at the odontotherapy. After cooling and taking
out from a template, in the state which became solid, the
surface of each sample was observed by 2-5 times
magnification with loupe. A fall of melting point in the
all substances treated with Yoshixol, which substances
are shown below, was found in comparison with the object
which is not added. In octadecanol (Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd.,
Osaka) with Yoshixol, glossy, shiny and luster became
better and boundary also became more clear and sharp. In
stearic acid (Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd., Osaka) with Yoshixol,
an appearance of transparence, smooth of a surface and
texture minuteness is characteristic. In lauric acid
(Wakou.Jyunyaku Ltd., Osaka) with Yoshixol, smoothness
and transparence appeared. In dodecanol (lauryl alcohol)
(Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd.,- Osaka) with Yoshixol, melting
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became markedly and casting form could not be kept by
room temperature. In palmitic acid (Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd.,
Osaka) with Yoshixol, a soft feeling appeared. In
myristic acid (Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd., Osaka) with Yoshixol,
clearness of boundary and homogeneity appeared, and also
in tetradecanol (miristyl alcohol) (Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd.,
Osaka) with Yoshixol, clearness of boundary and
homogeneity appeared. In hexadecanol (Wakou Jyunyaku
Ltd., Osaka) with Yoshixol, it was a characteristic that
texture minuteness and transparence fell. In decanoic
acid (Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd., Osaka) with Yoshixol, a rough
surface and a small prominence appeared though luster and
boundary clearness appeared. In polyethylene glycol 1000
(Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd., Osaka) with Yoshixol, clearness of
boundary and smoothness get worse. In polyethylene
glycol 1540 (Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd., Osaka) with Yoshixol,
transparence, smoothness and homogeneity gets better. In
polyethylene glycol 2000 (Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd., Osaka),
polyethylene glycol 4000 (Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd., Osaka) and
polyethylene glycol 6000 (Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd., Osaka), an
increment effect of texture minuteness, transparence and
expansibility was found after Yoshixol. In addition,
luster, clearness of boundary, homogeneity of a surface,
transparence and texture minuteness were found in N-
isopropylacrylamide (Aldrich Co. Milwaukee, Wisconsin,
USA ) with Yoshixol. Moreover, in order to investigate
an-effect of Yoshixol on polymers as macromolecules,
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acrylate polymers were tested as one of a concrete
example. Standard grade of lauryl methacrylate 471,
methyl methacrylate 48, ethyl methacrylate 126, isobutyl
methacrylate 140 and butyl methacrylate 320 (polymer kit,
acrylate polymer standard 18336-9, Aldrich Co. Milwaukee,
Wisconsin, USA) were used and were observed at room
temperature. When 150 pl of Yoshixol was added in 1 g
of each acrylate macromolecules, all substances becomes
liquid and glass-like transparent and, powdered and
crystal configuration disappeared so that these were
changed in the homogeneous substances. In addition, when
100 p1 of Yoshixol is addendum in the above lauryl
methacrylate 471, fluidability increased immediately.
Floating viscidity appeared after 2 weeks and, there was
separation of solid component with translucent and
fluidable component one month after adding Yoshixol
although the volume of sample was decreased in the group
without Yoshixol. In methyl methacrylate 48, a dried
powder state disappeared immediately after addendum of
Yoshixol and, fluidability increased and was likely to a
rice cake so that it became paste-like with after 2 weeks
and adhered on the wall of tube, and volume of this
sample was increased after 1 month. Dried powder-like
aspect disappeared even in ethyl methacrylate 126
immediately after addendum of Yoshixol and, viscidity
with lumpy appeared immediately after addendum of
Yoshixol so that after 2 weeks it became paste-like and
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it adhered in the wall of tube. More transparence was
increased after 1 month. Dried powder-like aspect
disappeared even in isobutyl methacrylate 140 and,
viscidity with lumpy transparence appeared so that
viscosity was increased and it became paste-like after 2
weeks.Though the sample which adhered on the wall of tube
was transparent, an unreaction part of substratum had a
color in a powdered state before treatment with Yoshixol.
In butyl methacrylate 320, a powdered state disappeared
and viscidity,. lumpy and transparence were increased
after after addendum of Yoshixol. The sample was
adhered paste-like on the wall of tube. Though there is
a difference of transparence according to the adhesive
state after 2 weeks, a transparent part of the sample
had a vitrified transparence. So, the sample became to
be less viscidity and more homogeneous glass-like mass
with transparence after 1 month, and the quantity of the
sample also was increased. In addition, changes in the
physical property of other polymers in acrylate group
were investigated by using standard grade polymers
(polymer kit, polyacrylate standard 18338 - 5, Aldrich
Co. Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA). The kit contained
poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate), poly (methylacrylate),
poly(octadecyl acrylate), poly (ethyl acrylate) and poly
(butyl acrylate). Then, 500 mg of each sample was
treated with 200 pl of Yoshixol at room temperature. An
increase in fluidability occurred in poly(2-ethylhexyl
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acrylate) immediately after treatment with Yoshixol,
however, color of the sample did not change.
Fluidability and capacity were increased more after 2
weeks, and also the refraction of light was changed. In
addition, fluidability was increased after 1 month in
addition, and a capacity also was increased by twice. In
poly (methylacrylate) with Yoshixol, an increase in
fluidability and a cubic capacity was observed, and
optical transparence also became better. Fluidability
has been enhanced after 1 month, and a capacity also did
a gain almost 2-3 times. In poly(octadecyl acrylate)
with Yoshixol, a dried powder state disappeared, and the
sample became homogeneous and lumpy mass. In poly (ethyl
acrylate) with Yoshixol, fluidability was increased
markedly and became fluidable, and a marked increase in
capacity occurred so that fluidability of the sample was
increased and volume of the sample was gained by 3 times
afterl month. In poly (butyl acrylate) with Yoshixol,
fluidability also was increased. In addition, the
fluidability of the sample was increased more after 2
weeks and the sample became to be more fluidable. A
volume of the sample was increased by almost 2 - 3 times
as well as an increment of fluidability after 1 month.
Moreover, changes in the physical property of other
polymers were investigated by using standard grade
polymers (polymer kit 18337-7, Aldrich Co. Wisconsin,
Milwaukee, USA).. The kit contained poly(dimethyl
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siloxan), poly (vinyl acetate), poly (methyl
methacrylate), poly (vinyl chloride) and polycarbonate
resin. Then, 500 mg of each sample was treated with 200
pl of Yoshixol at room temperature. In poly(dimethyl
siloxan) with Yoshixol, though Yoshixol was difficult to
be mixed with the sample just after the treatment and it
was on the top as a liquid layer, an increase in a cubic
capacity and fluidability occurred after 2 weeks. A
viscosity and a quantity of the sample were gained after
1 month, however, optical transmission was decreased. In
poly (vinyl acetate) with Yoshixol, viscidity was
increased and the sample was adhered on the wall of tube
though a fluid component was observed on the bottom of
the tube. However, fluid component in the tube
disappeared after 2 weeks so that the sample became to be
a viscous solution with transparence and an increment of
transparence was observed. In addition, transparence of
the sample became very stable after 1 month. In poly
(methyl methacrylate) with Yoshixol, the sample was
frosted glass-like and crystal after 1 month though it
resulted in the state which was massive homogeneously
with transparence immediately after Yoshixol. In poly
(vinyl chloride) with Yoshixol, a dried powder state of
the control sample disappeared and the sample became to
be an ununiformed mass with small granules. A marked
change was not observed when the sample was placed at
room temperature. In polycarbonate.resin with Yoshixol,
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a powder-like granule disappeared immediately after
Yoshixol and the sample became to be adhesive.
Additionally, though transparence fell after 2 weeks and
a reflected light was not observed by a frosted glass-
like change, a volume of the sample was observed after 1
month. Moreover, when 100 pl of Yoshixol are added to
200 mg of N-isopropylacrylamide (Aldrich Co. Milwaukee,
Wisconsin, USA), Yoshixol was permeated into a crystal as
likely as that a sugar indulges in water. Subsequently,
after 2-3 minutes, a formation of substance with
transparence occurred from a side of the bottom of the
tube without generation of fever and vapor resulting in a
sherbet-like substance after 4 hours. And, the sample
after 2 weeks was frosted glass-like with less
transparent.
Moreover, 100 pl of Yoshixol was added in 200 mg of
polyethylene glycol phenylether acrylate (Aldrich Co.
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA), polyethylene 125, 000
(Aldrich Co. Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA) and polyethylene
low density (Aldrich Co. Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA) as
another macromolecules in polyethylene group. Each
sample was observed at room temperature. In polyethylene
glycol phenylether acrylate with Yoshixol, an increase in
fluidability was observed just after the treatment. As a
time passed, it was also observed increases in optical
transparence and volume of the sample. Moreover, in
polyethylene 125,000 with treatment, an adhesion between
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granules occurred so that each granule of the sample
became to be adhered after 2 weeks though a grained form
has been left. In addition, in polyethylene low density
with the treatment, the sample became to be bigger
granular from powder-like. Moreover, in order to
investigate an effect of Yoshixol (100 pl) on
macromolecules in polystyrene group, 200 mg of
polystyrene 45,000 (Aldrich Co. Milwaukee, Wisconsin,
USA), polystyrene 280,000 (Aldrich Co. Milwaukee,
Wisconsin, USA) and polystyrene standard (Aldrich Co.
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA) were used. When Yoshixol are
added on polystyrene 45,000, powder-like granules of
polystyrene 45,000 disappeared, and viscidity of the
sample appeared, and the sample became transparent and a
crystal structure of the sample was lost. These
properties did not alter even after 1 month- Powder-like
granules disappeared in polystyrene 280,000 after
treatment so that particle configuration of the sample
was lost in parallel with an appearance of viscidity.
Optical transparence became to be better likely as a
transparent glass even when 1 month has been passed. A
similar change in physical property was observed in
polystyrene standard. Moreover, when 100 pl of Yoshixol
was added in 200 mg of hydroxylated polyethylene vinyl
alcohol (Aldrich Co.. Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA), the
sample became lumpy with ununiform and easy breakage from
dried powder-like substance. When the time was passed,
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the sample became dried powder-like lumpy again, and also
became adhesive to the wall of tube. These results show
that Yoshixol can improve the physical property of
macromolecules and the function which is generated or
induced by structure of macromolecules.
Moreover, since investigations above-mentioned were
mainly carried by macroscopic observations, the
microscopic observations were done to'investigate effects
on a change in physical property of each macromolecules.
Changes in physical properties of macromolecules were
measured by a digital scanning calorimeter (DSC-50,
Shimadzu Seisakusho Ltd.). Data from the digital
scanning calorimeter is displayed as a curve which-is
converted a signal of temperature deviation ( A T) from
standard substance (at present measurement, alumina was
used) against a time or a sample temperature so that area
of the part which was enclosed between a base line and a
peak is proportion to a thermal energy which is needed
for a fusion of sample. Thus, since the thermal energy
which was supplied to the sample at a constant pressure
is identical with a increased amount of enthalpy in the
sample, decrement effect of enthalpy of sample (decrement
of heat capacity at constant volume and condensation
rate) is displayed as a peak of falling downward on a
phenomenon of changing physical property which is
accompanying with a discontinuous change of the enthalpy
against temperature such as the primary phase transition
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of a crystal and a fusion of sample. Therefore, peak
area is regarded as a saltation quantity of enthalpy.
Any change in a heat capacity measured by digital
scanning calorimeter did not observe in stearic acid and
lauric acid between before and after treatment. Though a
slight fall of melting point was investigated in myristic
acid and palmitic acid (100 pl of Yoshixol per each 100 g,
referred Figure 30), a large change in heat capacity was
not found. On the other hand, an decrease in enthalpy
between 20 and 60 C on polyethylene glycol 1000 was
disappeared after Yoshixol so that a phase which thermal
capacity between 120 and 160`C became a decrement
reaction of enthalpy was found-(referred Figure 31). In
polyethylene glycol 4000 with Yoshixol, a fall of melting
point was observed. When 100 pl of Yoshixol was added in
200 mg of polystyrene 280,000, a phase of a decrement
reaction of enthalpy around 30 tC and 280 C was appeared
(referred Figure 32). When 200 pl of Yoshixol was added
to 500 mg of methyl methacrylate, a decrement reaction of
enthalpy between 230t and 34000 was appeared though
melting point did not change. Moreover, when 200 pl of
Yoshixol was added on 500 mg of ethyl methacrylate, a
decreased and increased reaction of enthalpy was
inhibited as the whole (referred Figure 33). Even when
200 pl of Yoshixol were added on 500 mg of isobutyl
methacrylate, two peaks on an increase reaction of
enthalpy between 600C and 2500C were appeared newly and,
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an inhibition of maximal increase in enthalpy around
320 C was found. In addition, a phase transition
phenomenon was observed in macromolecules in acrylate
group such as lauryl methacrylate and poly
(methylacrylate) by treatment with Yoshixol. In 500 mg
of poly (vinyl chloride) treated with 200 pl of Yoshixol,
a decrement reaction of enthalpy around 300 C-380 C
became to be about 2 times in comparison with the control
(referred Figure 34). When 100 pl of Yoshixol was added
to 100 g of polyethylene glycol 4000, a new peak which
shows an increase reaction of enthalpy between around
44 C and 50 C was found. When 200 pl of Yoshixol was
added to 500 mg of poly (methylacrylate), an increase
reaction of enthalpy in a range between 60 OC and 360 C
was inhibited (referred Figure 35).
Moreover, when expansibility of poly (vinyl
chloride) was observed by a heat machinery analysis
equipment (TMA-50, Shimadzu Seisakusho Ltd.), an
increased reaction of volume in the control sample was
found around 315 C, however, an increased reaction of
volume in 500 mg of poly (vinyl chloride) treated with
200 pl of Yoshixol was disappeared and a decrease in a
condensation rate was found (referred Figure 36). These
results show that Yoshixol has a capacity which can
improve a physical property with molecules and
macromolecules, namely a thermodynamic property (for
example, energy storage capacitance and internal energy
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state, change of structure due to change in entropy)
And also, Yoshixol can improve a functional property
which is induced or generated by structure of molecule
and macromolecules.
< Effect on changes in molecular weight of a new
synthesized dimer with seven base pair >
DNA or RNA synthesis device (392-25 type, Perkin-
Elmer Co.) was used and 7 base alignment (CTTCGGA) and
(CTTCGGG) new synthesis dimer (5'>CTTCGGACTTCGGA<3') and
(5'>CTTCGGGCTTCGGG<3') were synthesized. Then, an effect
of Yoshixol on a change in molecular weight of the dimer
was investigated. This pellet was dissolved on 50 pl of
tris EDTA, and OD260 was measurement by 100 times
attenuation so that concentration was turned into
equality (5 ng/pl) by tris EDTA and distilled water. And,
4 pl of an adjusted synthesis dimer was labeled at 5'-
terminal end of the dimer with 4 pl of ATP which was
labeled by P32. In addition, after processing the dimer
with 1 pl of polynucleokinase (TaKaRa, Tokyo) for 30
minutes by 37t, the solution was heated at 70 OC for 5
minutes. Afterward, 65 pl of tris EDTA, 1 pl of glycogen
and 190 pl of chilled ethanol were added and were mixed.
And, it was centrifuged over 10 minute by 16,000 cpm.
After taking the supernant out, the pellet was made dry.
Again, it was dissolved by 50 pl of tris EDTA and, 1 pl
of the solution with radioactivity was mixed with urea
(15 g), a.crylamide (5.7 g), bisacrylamide (0.3 g)_, tris
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boric acid EDTA (3 ml), 10% ammoniumpersulfate (0.1 ml)
and N, N, N, N-tetramethyldiamine (15 pl) to distilled
water, so that the volume was made to 30 ml in total.
Then, 20% gels were made and the electrophoresis with
constant voltage of 10 watt was performed to be exposed
on a film. Changes in molecular weight with the dimers
were investigated by the sample which was consisted of 2
pl of the solution which was dissolved by final tris EDTA
with 2 pl of Yoshixol. As the control sample, 2 pl of
distilled water was added to the solution. Then, each
test sample was given 6 pl of the stop solution. Change
in molecular weight of the synthesized dimers with
Yoshixol did not differ from that without the treatment
(referred Figure 37). Therefore, this result shows that
Yoshixol does not change a distribution of molecular
weights with new synthesized dimers
(5'>CTTCGGACTTCGGA<3') and (5'>CTTCGGGCTTCGGG<3') and
does not change at least a primary structure.
< PCR effect on DNA template of a new synthesis dimer
with base pair >
Effect of Yoshixol on PCR was investigated by DNA
template which was extracted from snake (blue-green snake,
captured at Matsumoto city, Nagano). The new synthesized
dimer of (5'>CTTCGGGCTTCGGG<3') with 7 base-pair
alignment (CTTCGGG) above-mentioned was used as a primer.
PCR reaction was done by use of DNA thermal cycler (PJ-
2000) made in PERKIN ELMER CETUS company. The following
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six combinations were prepared for the test samples.
Those are two kinds of samples which consist of 5 pl of
primer (100 pico mole/pi)-with 5 pl of Yoshixol (P+) and
without Yoshixol (P-). In addition, two kinds of samples
which consist of 5 pl of snake DNA (500 ng/pl) with 5 pl
of Yoshixol (D+) and without Yoshixol (D-). And,
additional two kinds of samples which consist of 1 pl of
polymerase enzymes (Recombinant Taq DNA Polymerase, No.
R001A, TaKaRa Shuzo Co., Otsu city: 5 unit/pl) with 1 pl
of Yoshixol (Pm+) and without Yoshixol (Pm-). After each
sample was placed for 10 minutes at room temperature,
each sample was diluted in distilled water. And, it is
adjusted in a primer solution of 10 picomole/pl, DNA
solution of 50 ng/pl and a polymerase enzymes solution of
0.5 unit/pl. Then, the following combinations were
prepared. On PCR, a primer solution of 5 ml which is
diluted mentioned above, 5 ml of DNA solution, 5 pl of
buffer solution for PCR reaction, 0.25 pl of polymerase
enzymes solution and 4 pl of dNTP mixed solution were
added in distilled water to be made total volume of 50 pl.
Combination of each sample is following five groups.
First, each sample is not added Yoshixol as the control
(P-, D-, Pm-). Second is the sample which only a primer
has processed by Yoshixol (P+, D-, Pm-). Third is the
sample which only DNA has processed by Yoshixol (P-, D+,
Pm-). Fourth is the sample which polymerase enzymes
alone has-processed by Yoshixol (P-, D-, Pm+). In
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addition, fifth is the sample which concentration of
Yoshixol for the polymerase is increased to 100 times on
P-, D-, Pm+ series above mentioned (P-, D-, Pm+A). In
each combination, amount of cDNA synthesis was amplified
by a PCR method and was measured. On the group of P-,
D-, Pm- which all samples were not treated, 4 bounds
between a molecular weight of 0.5 and 1.2kb were found.
Also, the bounds in P-, D-, Pm- did not differ from-those
in P+, D-, Pm- and P-, D+, Pm-. But, on the group of P-,
D-, Pm+, only one bound at lowest molecular weight within
4 bounds was appeared. In addition, any kind of bounds
did not observe on the group of P-, D-, Pm+A (referred
Figure 38). This result shows that Yoshixol controls or
inhibits functional generation of polymerase enzymes
which is related to transcription and/or amplification of
the base-pair alignment generated by DNA template which
consists of many base-pair alignments. It is to be
needless to say that inhibitory effects of molecular
generating and/or inducing functions which was carried in
claims 1-11 in this invention are not restricted by the
primer which is new synthesized diner
(5'>CTTCGGGCTTCGGG<3'), snake DNA and polymerase enzymes
demonstrated here.
< Effect of Yoshixol on a change and a modulation in
absorbance of wavelength of molecule with pigmentums >
In order to investigate an effect of Yoshixol on a
change and a modulation of wavelength of molecular of
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pigmentums, eosin-5-iodoacetamide (Molecular Probes Inc.,
USA), evans blue (Wakou Jyunyaku Ltd., Osaka) and
ethidium bromide (Molecular Probes Inc., USA) was used.
After Yoshixol (10 pl) was added to 1 ml of eosin-5-
iodoacetamide solution (10 mg/1 ml), 1 ml of evans blue
solution (1 mol) and 1 ml of ethidium bromide solution
(10 mg/ml), the absorbance was measured by a
spectrophotometer (BIO SPECTRO, Beckman Co. USA). The
fundamental wave length band which each pigmentums did
not change with or without adding Yoshixol. And, though
a quantitative and qualitative changes also did not found
as well as the fundamental peak wavelength, _a wave length
band below 260 nm showed a great change. Especially,
color of ethidium bromide with Yoshixol was observed to
become a lack of transparence from a. transparent dark and
red. Such color after the treatment is observed by a
naked eyes as almost a white and pink just like a ripe
peach. In this case, major difference was found
quantitatively and qualitatively in a wave length band
between 270 and 200 ram which was measured by a
spectrophotometer (referred Figure 39). This result
shows that Yoshixol can modulate a wave length band of
pigmentums.
< Effect on surface-active agents and/or surfactants >
Moreover, effects of Yoshixol (50 }il) on surface-
active agents and/or surfactants were investigated by use
of 20 ml of each detergent for kitchen use commercially
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(for example, CHERMING, Lion Co.: NATERA, Lion Co.: MOA,
Kao Co.), which consist mainly of alkyl ether sulfate
ester sodium, fatty acid alkanolamido and polyoxyethylene
alkyl ether. And, effects of Yoshixol (50 pl) on
shampoos were investigated by us*e of 20 ml of each
shampoo for hair washing use commercially (for example,
PANTEN, Maxfacter Co.: LAX STYLING, Japan Riever Co.:
ESSENTIAL STYLING, Kao Co.), which consist mainly of
lauryl sulphate, paraven, cetyl alcohol, edetic acid,
propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene laurylether sulphate.
Each detergent and shampoo treated with Yoshixol became
better foamed, better bubbled with sensitive texture,
less adhesive and more bright colored, and it can wash
out easily a soil of oiliness with a less amount of water.
In addition, though a large difference on an aspect of
each detergent and a shampoo which is added Yoshixol did
not find, the viscosity of each detergent and a shampoo
with the treatment decreased in the comparison with the
non-treated one measured at 30`C by a viscosimeter
(Vismetron VEA-L, Shibaura System Co.)( referred Table 1).
Moreover, a relationship of slip velocity-slip stress
also decreased after the treatment. This result shows
that an adding process of Yoshixol on a detergent and a
shampoo which is already marketed can improve surface
active effect and it's property with a detergent and a
shampoo.
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Table 1
Change in Viscosity (CP) of Each Detergent Before and
After Treatment with Yoshixol
MORE CHARMING NATERA
Before 66.9 62.2 70.2
After 62.9 53.3 63.5
< Effect on each fatty acid >
By adding 5 g of lauric acid (Wakou Jyunyaku Co.,
Osaka), 5 g of myristic acid (Wakou Jyunyaku Co., Osaka),
5 g of palmitic acid (Wakou Jyunyaku Co., Osaka), 1 g of
linolic acid (Wakou Jyunyaku Co., Osaka), 5 g of stearic
acid (Wakou Jyunyaku Co., Osaka) and 1 g of oleic acid
(Wakou Jyunyaku Co., Osaka) into 50 ml of sodium
hydroxide solution (1 N), a soapy substance was made
(neutralization method). Then, the effect in the event
that Yoshixol was added and investigated. A soapy
substance with 50 pl of Yoshixol showed a property of
better foamed, scarced, lavaged and less adhesive in
comparison with a soapy substance without Yoshixol. Even
though it was placed freely in a room over 6 months, a
brown change did not occur in comparison with a soapy
substance without Yoshixol. This result shows that
Yoshixol is useful as antioxidants for a soap which is
made from fatty acids, vegetable oil or animal oil, and
that Yoshixol can improve and/or make better a property
of soaps which is planed and manufactured freely.
< Concerning acute and chronic toxicity >
In order to investigate a toxicity in vivo, the
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solution which was mixed 50 pl/Kg of Yoshixol with 1 ml
of 20% glucose solution was administered intravenously in
unanesthetized animals (rabbit and dog) . After
intravenous injection, transitional increase in
respiration rate, increase in blood pressure and heart
rate and active movements of an extremity (not
convulsion) were observed for 1 -2 minutes after the
administration. Although an increases in a respiration
rate and blood pressure remained during the observation
period of 2 hours, an abnormal behavior was not found.
On examination of blood, hyperchromic anemia at the
maximum level occurred 3 days after administration
followed by a recovery to the normal after 1 week. A
change in platelets was not observed and, white blood
cells increased 3 days after administration followed by a
recovery to normal level at 1 week after administration.
Though these animals were observed over 1 month, any
abnormal behavior did not found. Also, after they were
sucrified by intravenous injection of potassium chloride
solution under deep anesthesia after 1 month, any
pathological findings were not observed macroscopically
and microscopically in the vital organs. This result
shows that effect of Yoshixol is low toxic in vivo, and a
side effect is less. Even though intravenous
administration alone was done, it may be confirmed that
it is safety.
Moreover, effects of chemical substance (4,4-
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dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one) that all of substituent R1,
R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 shown in general formula (1-b) and all
of substituent R3, R4, R5, R6 shown in general formula
(3-b) is hydrogen were investigated on all of parameters
which were demonstrated by Yoshixol above-mentioned in
this invention. As a result, this substance also
provided to be able to control, inhibit and/or block
function which is generated by multi-dimensional
structure similarly to Yoshixol mentioned above. In
addition, higher dosage was needed to be obtained
qualitatively an identical effect to the above-mentioned
effect of Yoshixol. Then, the concentration of 4,4-
dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-one was required about 30-100
times dosage of Yoshixol on the biological samples, and
about 10-50 times dosage of Yoshixol on lower molecular
substance and macromolecular substance of non-living
samples.
< Summary of primary effect and mechanism, and it's
significance >
Although it was demonstrated effects of Yoshixol as
a representative compound in this invention, this
invention is not restricted mentioned above by the
demonstrating experiments which was shown here. This
invention demonstrated a wide proofed effects and
efficacies from a molecular level to the over all
organism. To cite each reference about each scientific
back-ground is far from-the aim of this application so
CA 02396745 2002-08-29
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that the following two issues are cited as references of
scientifically known events.
< ref. 1> by Bern and Levy, Physiology, Sanders
Publishing Inc.:
< ref. 2> by Alberts, Ray, Lewis, Raff, Roberts and
Watson, The Molecular Biology of the CELL, Garland
Publishing Inc.:
As significance of this invention, it is the first
time to provide possibilities with concrete examples to
modulate a reaction process in molecular level and a
function generated or induced by multi-dimensional
structure which is produced by molecular-composed
macromolecules. And, it is also the first time by
concrete examples to provide possibilities to change
function and/or block biological function witch is
induced or generated by multi-dimensional structure which
is constricted from macromolecules substances. Moreover,
the significance in this invention is so great because
that the provided compounds in this invention can
inhibit and/or block function which is induced or
generated by the multi-dimensional structure which had
species difference of the cell membrane that is
determined according each species evolutionally and is
constructed for coexistence with the external world. And,
the significance on scientific history is also great
because it is clearly discussed that effects and
mechanism of the compounds in this invention can
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understand by the theory of molecular orbital dynamics.
In addition, the practical significance emphasized in
this detailed description of this invention. The social
significance in this invention is not only effects of the
compounds, but also to be expected a necessary effect by
use of the known mathematical simulation (for example,
approximation of lone electron pair) concerning whether
the compound is useful to human being or not, because
that the compounds provided in this invention has
extremely simple chemical structure. It is to be able to
forecast sufficiently from demonstrating experiments in
this invention and known scientific facts of molecular
biology that for example, the effectiveness on the virus
which is the filterable pathogenic microbacteria that is
made up of macromolecules, namely on HIV infectious
disease'which is a world-wide problem at present time.
Moreover, this invention has some suggestive ways
coexistence between a human being including an
environment on the earth and the nature as well as
forecasting an interaction of drugs and an onset of side
effects with combined use of drugs, and an early forecast
of an appearance of the resistant strain and it's
preventive step that is considered ecological system.
The significance of this invention was darely carried
because of eternal happiness of a human society and
uncontroversial coexistence.
The brief comments of the logical explanation which
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is regarded as necessary to understand the invention is carried
following with both common mechanism as demonstrated in this
invention, with distinguishing effects on living organism and
substances as an inanimate object. However, it is
needless to say that this invention is restricted by this
description about the significance and mechanism.
Thus, it is possible to explain effects of this invention
integrately by interpreting mechanism of this invention
on quantum theory of molecular orbital dynamics and
thermodynamics. Then, it is widely known that each
molecule has configuration, conformation and molecular
orbital and, there is a space region corresponding to
electron distribution. By an energy state on basis of
molecule, it is possible to be explained the
configuration of a molecule itself, physio-chemistry
property and,. interaction and a reaction rate of
combining with distinctive molecule by the wave equation
and the frontier theory of molecular orbitals.
(bibliography: Yuki Denshi Ronn Kaisetu, 4th ed, by
Minoru Imoto, Tokyo Kagaku Doujinn, 1990; Introduction of
frontier orbitals, by Fleming, supervised by Kenichi
Fukui, translated by Tomoda Takeuchi , Kodansha, 1992;
How understand molecular orbital, 2nd ed, by Masayuki
Yosida, Tokyo Kagaku Doujinn, 1992). And, a theoretical
explanation of many chemical reactions can have been done
by based on theory of organic electron, theory of
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molecular orbitals and quantum theory in organic
chemistry for each molecule. For example, a rule of
Woodward-Hoffman is also the one example. Generally, as
it is away from atomic nucleus, existential density of
electron changes and, a distance equivalent to the
highest peak is a location that electron exists most
abundantly (equilibration distance). Moreover,
existential probabilities in an electron cloud which is
in the location where generally electron can expand is
determined following energy. It is the logical concept
which this has systematized as quantum theory. On
binding with of C and H (covalent bond) as one example of
orbital with hybridization, if H and C can be overlapped,
two electrons are coupled on both C and H. When two
electrons turns a spin into reverse so that one bond is
formed, the internal energy which an atom itself has gets
lower and stabilization in order to release an enormous
amount of the overlapping energy. Thus, binding energy
is generated. In contrast, in order to make an original
atom by splitting C-H bond, this binding energy must be
added newly by some processes. Moreover, molecule has
orbitals which is quantumized (There are constant orbital
energy with discontinuity) between unstable orbitals and
stable orbitals.Thus, it is known that a pair of two
electrons enters into the orbital with a reversed spin
from a stable orbital in order. With regard to an
overlap of molecular orbitals, there is (+) and (-) phase
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so that molecules which have the same coincidence of
phase only can be piled each other up, resulting in the
stabilization. In contrast, if there is a phase
difference as (+) and (-), it is also known that each
molecule can not overlap so that each molecule is
repulsed resulting in instability. Such matters is-a
basic theory of molecular orbitals. Moreover, though
hydrogen ion is inscribed as H+, H+ is proton itself.
Thus, elementary particle can not be able to exist singly
in a container such as a beaker and, it is very instable.
Though this point is also ultimate knowledge in the
science, there is even the important matters which is
-easy to be forgotten unexpectedly when life events is
understood. Thus, an equilibration relation of "H30"+
with H2O are kept certainly in the place where water
exists.This is important matter to need remembering when
function is considered. In consideration of such theory
of charge-transfer and molecular orbitals, it is
extremely reasonable to grope a possibility which has at
potency of control, inhibition and/or blocking of
functional property and morphologic structure with
functional macromolecules and living organism, so that
this point consists of a part of logical basis concerning
inhibitory effects of molecular generating and/or
inducing functions, which was carried in claims 1-11 of
this invention.
Moreover, on generation of o combination in
------------
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binding molecular orbitals, each s orbital was overlapped
to become stable a bind and, each sp orbital was
overlapped on the same directional axis to become a bind
and, p orbital was overlapped to become a bind when it
stood opposite to each other on the same directional axis.
In addition, on generation of it bond, p orbital becomes
it bond when p orbital stood in a line in a parallel
lengthwise. When it can not be matched, s orbital can
not bond even if it is overlapped to p orbital with a
different axis (in other words, atomic quadrupole moment).
In addition, in regard to phase, p orbital on an
identical x axis becomes a bond and, p orbital on py
orbital or px orbital become to be in parallel resulting
in it bond. Since a direction of p orbital differs from
py orbital and px orbital on right angle, the overlap
does not occur. And, the binding does not occur when the
phase differs between each molecule because of anti-
bonding molecular orbital. In addition, electron
isomerising effect (E effect) becomes in it bond with the
double bond so that it differs greatly from that I
effect is a bond. Because 0 group is the 6th group, if 0
group has six electrons which belongs to 0 itself, 0
group does not have an ability of proton discharging and
electrically is neutral. However, for example, when 0
group has 7 electrons, electric charge on negative is
naturally. This is fundamental and characteristic event
of the carbonyl group which inhibitory_ or blocking agents
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of molecular generating and/or inducing functions which
is carried in claims 1-11 of this invention. Moreover,
delocalization of it electron and delocalization energy
are also important. When it electron is distributed, the
molecule becomes stable so that only amount of energy
which became stable results in delocalization energy of
electron. Carboxyl group, -C (=O)-OH, has the property
or configuration that gives H+ to other molecule. As a
second reason which is easy to discharge H+, an anion
which is -CO-O- after when H+ has been produced is
distributed so that delocalization energy or resonance
energy is generated. By discharging H+, it can be
stabilization still more. Thus, this state becomes to
definitively reproduce the first factor that can release
H+. But, a formula of H30+ X OH = constant is usually
made up of every aqueous solution including living
organism. Such released proton is utilized as an
internal energy for disordering in living organism with
thermodynamic non-equilibration and opened system. The
proton is utilized as ordering or stabilizing energy in
proton receivable substances with thermodynamic
equilibration and closed system. In order to inhibit or
block each function (including molecule recognition)
generated by multi-dimensional structure without changing
the primary structure, it is ideal that the compound has
a property of both electrophilic and nucleophilic nature
and, the compound-is neutral substance which has not a
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potency of releasing proton. On a reaction or a - it
interaction on it electron group, theory of frontier
orbitals is an important concept that a reaction is
definitive between interaction of HOMO molecular orbital
and LUMO molecular orbital. For example, since double
bond is formed from both a and it bonds, a reaction is
generated in the part which electron density is large.
When "excitation" of carbonyl group is turned into an
example, electron pair of it covalent bond which links
between C and 0 by double bond is based on E effect and
has a possibility to pull toward O. An addition of
carbonyl group is called nucleophilic addition reaction.
A property with " excitation " of carbonyl group is that
oxygen takes electron so that more negative charges are
easily increased. Though C=O has it bond, bonding
molecular orbital with electron affects to anti-bonding
molecular orbital of C=O group because that an anion has
excessive electrons on a molecular orbital method. Thus,
HOMO molecular orbital of an anion substance and LUMO
molecular orbital of C=O result in a perturbation state.
From this point of view, a part which a compound is easy
to react depends on a magnitude of coefficient C of HOMO
molecular orbital or LUMO molecular orbital and symmetry
of phase with constituted atom orbital. In addition, an
importance factor which dominates an activation energy of
a chemical reaction is an electrical force on the basis
of organic chemistry and electron theory. Thus, a
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polarization or electron transferring must occur in a
reaction with neutral molecule so that it becomes
important whether electron density in the reaction center
is higher or lower. A substance concerned with
morphologic formation and function of living organism
produces a generation of function and a differentiation
of function due to molecule recognition or in the region
of reaction center by changing electron density due to
conformations. In the frontier orbitals which is one of
concepts that a magnitude of the activation energy which
shows hardness of such a reaction is determined by the
energy which is required to be localized it electron
localization in a transition state, the position that
occurs electrophilic reaction, nucleophilic reaction and
radical reaction within one molecule is determined by the
following. An electrophilic reaction at a basal state
occurs in a position with highest density of two
electrons which belongs to highest occupied molecular
orbital (HOMO) and, a nucleophilic reaction occurs in the
position of highest density when two electrons are
stationed on lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO)
at a basal state. A radical reaction occurs in the
position which is largest sum of two electron densities
when each electron is stationed on each HOMO and LUMO.
In this way, the important factor which determines a
chemical reaction is that as a condition of more
stabilizing a reaction, it is needed to be consistent
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with symmetry between HOMO of an electron donative
substance and LUMO of an electron acceptable substance.
Thus, stabilization energy in the system is obtained only
when symmetry between HOMO and LUMO is with the
coincidence so that the chemical reaction becomes easy to
be generated. And also, when a symmetry between LUMO and
HOMO is different, it is thought to be hard to generate a
chemical reaction because that a stabilizing energy in
the system becomes zero by an interaction between HOMO
and LUMO. Again, energy level of 7t electron is explained
in the representative substances which is related on
vital reactions. For example, an order from higher HOMO
is of porphyrin > guanine > adenine > riboflavin >
thymine > tryptophan > histidine. An order from lower
LUMO is of histidine > guanine > adenine > tryptophan >
riboflavin > porphyrin. Moreover, HOMO of both S
compound (-SH) and NH2 are high so that those are also
known to have a property which is easy to give electron.
And also, in general, HOMO of S compound (-SH) is higher
that that of NH2.
An intermolecular compound is made up of electron-
pair donor (D) which gives electron to other substance
and electron-pair acceptor (A) which receives electron
from other substance. When D and A is mutually brought
close, van der Waals force (attractive force between
molecules) works firstly and a weak bond is produced
between D and A. This state is termed as " non-bonding
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configuration " and is shown by A.. D. In addition, when
a distance between A and D becomes to be closer, each
electron cloud begins to overlap so that a possibility of
electron transferring is occurred. If one electron
transfers to A from D, A-D bond is produced by forming a
new pair of the electrons from these electrons in order
to result from one unpaired electron. Since this state
-can be shown like A.. D-, it is the state of " charge-
transfer configuration " and is dependent on energy.
Such an energy state modulates or change multi-
dimensional structure of a substance and functional
property. Thus, these structure and property are
important to generate smoothly the function and to
constrict living organism with morphogeneis,
systematization and signal transduction via
macromolecules from molecule as well as conformation,
configuration and chiral of molecule as non-living
organism. In addition, in order to simply understand
thermodynamics of chemical and biological system, if a
living organism and macromolecular substance is one of
elastomers thermodynamically, a formula of dE = TdS + fdL
+ u dN is realized. f is an extending force, L is a
length and N is a number of chains or units or a number
of monomers. On a closed system, N is uniformity. When
two components are connected, shorter units are more
advantage according to the formula of Wall's ideal gum-
model. If interaction between substances exist, it
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becomes more dramatic. In addition, when f is small, it
is trend that units of most all becomes a type. When f
becomes larger to the definitive level (critical
temperature), units of most all suddenly change to Q
type all together. Such phenomenon is called as phase
transition. It is important to understood sol.ation,
gelatinization and liquid crystallization. In addition,
when the second component is bonded, change in P2
(tension or volume) becomes to change in f resulting in
triggering a phase transition even though f (force) is
uniformity. Such event is called as allosteric effect.
This effect is important in relation to generating
function of living organism as well as macromolecules
substances. Moreover, life events is not equilibration,
and these are produced in the dynamic behavior. Because
of this behavior, many interests are taken in'a relation
with the structure and function. An equilibration state
of a reaction is that free energy remains unchanged by a
reaction, in other words dH - TdS = 0. dS is change in
an entropy accompanied with a reaction. Rate of chemical
reaction is to demonstrate quantitatively a change in
speed of a chemical composition. A rate of reaction is
function of concentration of the molecules which are
constricted in the system so that the rate is dependent
on on conditions such as temperature, tension or pressure,
reaction container, catalyst, radiation and light. The
general function is shown by k=Ae-Ea/R when reaction rate
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is constant k. A is frequency factor and a exponential
part is a probability which reaction molecule has an
energy more than activation energy (Ea). On reaction of
one molecule (single molecule), a reaction molecule
itself does react automatically, and the activation is
progressed thermally or by optical radiation. A rate of
molecule which has an energy enough to react is identical
speed to oscillation so that activated molecule reacts
within 100-10 fentseconds.
In addition, it can be classified roughly into two
factors. One is that activating energy dominates the
rate. Another is that energy transferring is a main
factor of the chemical reaction. A firing is the process
which makes the radicals with unpaired electrons and
atoms which dominate a reaction fundamentally. Since
atoms and radicals are rich to reaction activity because
of small activated energy of the reaction, chain reaction
can be driven. The chain reaction is an important
reaction that occurs in various steps such as combustion,
pyrolysis of hydrocarbon and polymerization reaction. In
order to understand physiological phenomenon, in addition,
it is to be important. Moreover, a living organism is
also constricted by carbon compounds. And, almost bonds
between each atom of carbon compounds consist of
covalent bonds in general. In order to cut the bond,
energy must be added from the outside. And also, when
numbers of carbon atoms increase,.numbers of isomers
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progressively increase. From such a reason, it is said
that a generating of life events on the earth is this
optical isomer phenomenon.
Since configuration of macromolecules has spatial
configuration (conformation) of macromolecules chain so
that there is short-distance interaction and long-
distance interaction (elimination volume effect) because
that internal rotation of single bond is possible. For
example, if linear macromolecules has only an interaction
energy within molecule chains and entropy according to
change in the structure of molecule chain is neglected,
it is known that molecule chain produces helical
structure. In addition, conformation is related to
energy according to change in a bond angle between bond
atoms, a van der Waals attraction force between non-
bonding atoms, exchange repulsion according to
overlapping electron cloud between atoms, interaction
between dipole elements on polar group and ectrostatic
interaction between ions and intramolecular'hydrogen bond
on ionized atoms. When'structure is helical, energy is
most stable so that it is also known that helical chain
becomes aggregated crystal structure at a range of the
temperature which molecule movement is not violent. An
interaction between molecules is mainly a van der Waals
attraction force, force according to overlapping electron
cloud between atoms, intramolecular hydrogen bond and
dipole interaction. Moreover, each block is coagulated
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by each other in copolymer so that microphase
separationis caused. A size of this microphase
separation is nanometer which is an order of molecule
chain so that globular phase and rod-like phase produce a
macroscopic lattice when treatment with an appropriate
heat is performed. If molecule chain is possible to take
an internal rotation likely as polyethylene and
polystyrene, a structure of molecule chain is changed-
simultaneously according to a molecule movement so that
it becomes random coil-like. A hard molecule chain such
as polyamide in entire aromatic group takes rod-like
structure. In molecule such as polyamino acid and DNA,
rod-like structure occurs when helical structure is
constricted by hydrogen bond. A random coil-like
structure occurs when hydrogen bond is cut. Moreover,
when a state of thermodynamic equilibrium of
macromolecules is collapsed, the volume phase transition
such as swelling and contraction appears. In addition,
it is known that a natural phenomena to advances to a
disorderly directions according to the second rule of the
thermodynamics. In the event occurred spontaneously in
non-equilibration system likely on living organism,
entropy increases according to the second rule of the
thermodynamics that an order formation is an acceptable
direction thermodynamically. Though the ordering in
natural phenomena is destroyed resulting in a direction
of the disordering, it is in the theorem that the natural
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event which is found typically in life events creates the
ordering itself. Though it is thought apparently that
life events are contrary to a rule of physical chemistry,
under a non-equilibration state such as biosis, it is the
physical chemistry process whose such cosmos formation is
natural and, it is proved by the theory of dissipative
structures that the order formation is a natural process
of physical chemistry under the non-equilibration system
such as life events. This is developed the theory of
self systematization phenomenon (formation of ordering
structure) in physio-chemical system which is in the non-
equilibrium state far from the equilibration state. If
it is said simply, change in entropy ( dS) in a system
within a short interval (dt) is shown as a sum of an
entropy (diS) which is caused in an inside of the system
and a contributing entropy (deS) due to flow. It is dS =
deS + diS. When there is in the steady state that the
system is dS/dt=0, it becomes deS=diS<0. Thus, if
negative entropy is supplied sufficiently to the system,
spontaneous increase in entropy within the system is
canceled resulting in ordering structure can be kept
within the system.
Such status is to apply to life events. Living
organism at any levels of cells, systematized tissues,
organs and individuals are in the open and non-
equilibration system. If the parameter of generation of
entropy according to a nonplastic process is a generation
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rate of entropy according to a thermal flow, a generation
rate of entropy due to flow of a substance and a
generation rate of an entropy according to a chemical
reaction, an affinity force is a difference of free
energy between producing system and reacting system so
that larger difference from equilibration. takes bigger
value, and when a chemical reaction has reached
equilibration, a difference of free energy is zero.
Therefore, generation of entropy is shown in (reaction
rate) X (difference from equilibration in chemical
reaction). In general, generation of entropy in a non-
equilibrium state is understood as the total sum of
(flux) X (thermodynamic force). The flux which is
rendering here means flows such as a rate of chemical
reaction, thermal flow and diffusion flow. Moreover,
thermodynamic force is a driving force such as
temperature difference, concentration difference
(difference of chemical potential), affinity force of a
chemical reaction. For example, if a small amount of a
new phase which has a little difference from the original
phase appeared when volume (V) and internal energy (E) is
constant and, if this state is a state which is received
perturbation and, if the newly produced phase is
increased gradually, it is thought that the original
system shall be disappeared. The original system is
instable. A thermodynamic consideration of such change
in the state show that if the system is a non-
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equilibrium state and, if increase in entropy occurred by
the perturbation due to the second rule of the
thermodynamics, a new phase is produced since it is
assumed a local equilibration here. Therefore, a
condition for the stabilization in the original system is
required to be negative on changes in entropy due to
perturbation. If it is restated, it is thought that the
system which decreases temperature resulting in gradual
absorption of heat (heat capacity at constant volume is
negative) if heat is given, and which expands gradually
expansion (compressibility is negative) if tension or
- pressure is given. However, it means that a fact is
reverse. Moreover, an excessive generation of entropy is
equal to an integrating value on the system as a whole of
(difference of flux X difference of thermodynamic force)
per unit time. It is shown usually to become negative.
It is a universal expansive standard of Prigogine
generally known as same as an proving a hypothesis under
a local equilibration. When this relation is disturbed
by some causes, a standard state becomes to be not stable
so that it develops into a new state. This is the basis
which an oscillation state causes from a steady state and
which a new pattern (for example, functional polymers) is
generated from the homogeneous distribution.
The biological effects of inhibitory or blocking
agents of molecular generating and/or inducing functions
which was carried out in this invention can be
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explained with a logical acceptance by that morphogeneis,
generation of function and molecular recognition as the
fundamental phenomena of the life is in the open system
with non-equilibrium under thermodynamics and molecular
orbital methods as identical as demonstrated examples and
logical interpretations of effects of-inhibitory or
blocking agents of molecular generating and/or inducing
functions which was carried out in this
invention on molecules and macromolecules as non-living
organism. As one example, though it is pointed out
theoretically that an ideal property of anticancer drugs
is necessary to have small entropy and large negative, or
high binding enthalpy and low binding entropy-without
having Bay region, it has been dealt with the realization
as 'the matter which is subtle and profound impossibility.
Below, it is given an outline of the cell which is as
fundamental structure in a general living organism, and
of an thermodynamic and chemical importance of water
which is major element of the organism. Finally, by
demonstrating a value and property of electron
localization of Yoshixol, as one of representative
compounds, calculated by an approximation method,
thermodynamic and chemical acceptability for the effects
and it's scientific significance are emphasized again.
Biomembrane is the fluid mosaic which is made up of
saccharides, lipids and proteins, and has both properties
of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity. Moreover, in order
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to keep membrane function normally against a new
environmental temperature in general, membrane
fluidability is adjusted by changing in fatty acids
compositions of membrane phospholipids. Biological
effects of Yoshixol which were provided in this invention
are appropriate from a series of results demonstrated by
using each element of living organism in this invention,
resulting in the speculating the appearance of
thermodynamic effects with Yoshixol. Hydrophobicity
interaction between hydrophobic groups is greatly
committing into the stability of biomembrane.
Hydrophobic side chain of amino acids lies buried inside
into proteins, and it does not come in contact with water.
And, it is'also known well that multi-dimensional
structure of proteins is maintained by hydrogen bond,
hydrophobic interaction and van der Waals force, and that
forms flexible matrixes. Such flexible and soft
structure can change easily corresponding to the
environmental condition which surround macromolecules.
It has a reversible property that when a condition
returns to an initial state, the original multi-
dimensional structure recovers. The substance supporting
this structure is hydrogen bond and hydrophobic
interaction. By solvent except for water, such structure
can not be produced. In such flexible structure and a
state of random coil, entropy is large. In addition,
hydrophobic interaction-works between side chains so that
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hydration water around the side chains is pushed out
outside of proteins molecules. For this reason,
hydrophilic group of many amino acids is assembled on the
surface of a globular proteins so that proteins can
dissolve in water with their multi-dimensional structures.
Though a globular proteins has the uniform multi-
dimensional structure, it is alike with micelle of
surface active agent since the outside of globular
proteins assembles hydrophilic group and the inside
hydrophobic group. Thus, a solvent with huger
hydrophobicity is easy to connect proteins so that it is
thought that conformation ofproteins is changed in order
that hydrophobic molecule embedded into the hydrophobic
region nearproteins surface. From such a chemical fact,
when it is considered about structure and function of a
cell membrane again, glycolipids are also important
elements. While these saccharide chains operate as a
discrimination and an adhesion between cells and a
receptor of active factor or antigen molecule from the
outside of cells, these play an active role on various
kinds of functions such as cell prolifelation,
differentiation, development and tissue morphogeneis. As
a simple example, blood types of A, B, 0 are the
phenomena which is generated in a different structure of
saccharide chains which consist of glycolipids on the
surface of an erythrocyte. It is also known that
prolifelation of human cancer cells are inhibited by
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giving glycolipids. Inhibition of molecular generating
and/or inducing functions of the compound which was
carried in claims 1-11 in this invention can inhibit or
block the physiological functions generated by multi-
dimensional structure of saccharide chains resulting
from changing their conformations.
Moreover, cell does not usually exist in a
stationary position and, it is also known that cells
shows various kinds of movements dependently on the
species. while flagellum involves in motility of
spermatozoa, cillium is a valid style of movement which a
fluid is swayed along a cell surface. Energy source of
such a movement is a flow of hydrogen ion. Though
procaryotic cells are utilized hydrogen ion itself, an
energy source of eucaryote is a flow of hydrogen ion
produced by hydrolysis of ATP. At all events, these
cellular movements depend on electron transferring which
includes hydrogen ion. If these movements are thought as
events of change in thermodynamic entropy, effects of
inhibition on molecular generating and/or inducing
functions of the compound was carried in claims 1-il in
this invention can explain the biological effects such as
antimicrobacterial effect, anticancer effect, inhibitory
effect on movement ability of spermatozoa which are
demonstrated here by the thermodynamic effects. In
addition, it is possible to explain effects of enzymes
which are related with a chemical reaction within living
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organism from the point of function generated by
molecular structure. For example, in order that the
hydrogen atom which is connected on nitrogen atom of a
pyrimidine ring on the side chain of histidine is
dissociated around pH 7, it plays an important role in
vivo of which pH is most accuracy. Then, the
circumscription of the active site is the complementary
with the substrate so that it can generate an adequate
binding force due to interaction of van der Waals. Since
interaction of van der Waals is reciprocal proportions on
a distance to the seventh, a strong attraction force
operates between each space when the surface which can
contact exactly exists. Moreover, there is the space
which is surrounded by hydrophobic residues in active
site of enzymes (for example, trypsin, chymotrypsin and
elastase) which serine residue exists in active site such
as serine enzymes. The large side chain with residue of
C-terminal of the substrate is settled in this space so
that residue with large side chain of hydrocarbon and
with aromatic series becomes easy to hydrolysis.
Moreover, pepsin can hydrolyze a peptide bond which
exists between residue with large side chain of
hydrocarbon or with aromatic series. But, a rate of
hydrolysis is influenced by the secondary residue as well
as a next residue of bond which is cut. Moreover, it is
also known that SH group of cysteine such as cysteine
enzymes operates with an imidazole ring of histidine.
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Effects of inhibition on molecular generating and/or
inducing functions of the compound which was carried in
claims 1-11 in this invention can explain the biological
effects from the thermodynamic effect and chemical
kinetics.
Additionally, based on above-mentioned explanation
of mechanism, the intracellular structures are supported
by cytoskeleton, which major elements are actin,
microtubles and intermediate filament. This cytoskeleton
plays a important role on mitosis and prolifelation, and
cell death as well as morphologic formation and
maintenance. The components which consist of
cytoskeleton are generated each biological function by
polymerization and depolymerization. For example, though
on actin fiber, half of actin within cell is remained as
monomer with molecular weight of 42,000, the rest of
actin is polymerized resulting in fibers with a diameter
about 8 nm. Thus, equilibration is formed between
monomers and fibers so that it is on the dynamic
equilibrium state that one side of actin fiber becomes to
be elongated by polymerization and another site to be
shorten by dissociation. As for either, it is pointed
out that a diversity on morphogeneis and generation of
biological functions is produced by taking multi-
dimensional structure. In addition, microtubles and
microfilaments which constructs cytoskeleton differ
greatly from intracellular organella such as nucleus,
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chromosome, mitochondria. Though latter one is
stabilized, the former is generated newly and is
disappeared dependently on the conditions. Thus,
microtubles and microfilaments are structure " which is
moving " so that it is not stabilized with an uniform
structure forever, and it is dynamic. Moreover, to
shorten means that tentacle does not contract, but that a
length of microtubles becomes short on the base of
tentacle, resulting from that microtubles being broken
rapidly to proteins as the constructed units on the basic
part of microtubles because of degradation
(depolymerization) of microtubles to be in tubulin. It
is thought that existence of the normal cells is in a
suitable equilibration relation (dynamic equilibrium
state which is balanced with mutual fluctuation) between
the polymerization and depolymerization. Using such a
fact, there is a proposal of a compound which inhibits
cell division and prolifelation by promoting the
polymerization (for example, taxol). On reverse, it is
also possible theoretically to inhibit prolifelation of
such cancer cells by promoting effect of the
depolymerization as thermodynamic non-equilibration
system. The inhibitory agents of molecular generating
and/or inducing functions which was carried in claims 1-
11 in this invention can be explained the biological
effects by property such as thermodynamic-effect and
hydrophobicity as well as nucleophilic and electrophilic
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property, resulting in thermodynamic orderings such as
change in conformation and phase transition readjust a
turbulence of a dynamic equilibrium state in the living
organism.
In addition, it is the important factor which is
easy to be forgotten, although it is known well that
major element of the living organism consists of water.
Thus, it may be thought that any intracellular or
intracellular environment is also a state of a
concentrated solution. It is the main factor which
causes phase transition mentioned above. If the
biological substances is considered as such an aqueous
solution, a heat movement of hydration water surrounding
of hydrophobic group becomes slow. As it is identical, a
rotation of water molecule surrounding hydrophobic group
is also late. Since a hydration process is completely
different from hydration of sugar, ion and OH group, it
is called with hydrophobic hydration. Thus, a state of a
solution reverses a role of a solute and a solvent by the
concentration. Essential qualities of a heat movement of
molecule in a hydration state is a disorderly state.
That change in entropy is negative shows that entropy of
hydration water with hydrophobic substance is smaller
than that of bulk. Moreover, the state which entropy is
low is not a suitable state thermodynamically. When the
molecule which has enough hydrophobic group dissolves in
water, these hydrophobic groups assemble. so that entropy
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of entire solution becomes larger by pushing out the
water molecule which contacts with hydrophobic group. It
can be thought that this hydrophobicity interaction makes
micelle of surface active agent on assembly. This
hydrophobic interaction is important for living organism.
It is also important to study dynamics of water
within such living organism for understanding of
biological life events as well as medicine. For example,
it is thought that a longer time of an alleviation time
among cancer tissue is to change conformation of
biopolymers. A heat movement of water in a cancer cells
is faster than that of water in the normal tissues. For
this reason, if there is a neutral substance which
promote structuring of suitable water, it becomes
possible to inhibit prolifelation of a cancer. It is
clear that a relaxation time of proton of water among
tissues such as inflammatory edema associated with
bacteria infection, virus infection, allergy (atopy)
reaction, edema associated with circulatory disturbance
and edema on gastroenteritis and gastric ulcer as well as
cancer differs from that in normal tissue. Water
molecule within the cell has a movement at range between
10 picosecond and 10 nanoseconds so that it is late more
than 10 fentseconds of a movement state of water molecule
in an extracellular fluid and bulk water. When heat
movement is violent, entropy is larger. Thus, it can be
said that the structuring water is at the state which
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entropy is low.
From several scientific facts mentioned above,
Yoshixol which is provided by the representative
experiments in this invention has the following property
of molecular structure (referred Table 2 ). In other
words,
1) it does not have a cyclic electron cloud and n
electron density is localized between the double bond
around carbonyl group.
2) There is a gap (difference) of HOMO-LUMO, and the
reactivity with electrophilic property (amino group and
hydroxyl group) and the reactivity with nucleophilic
property (proton and carbon cation) are large.
3) Though polarization on carbon atom of carbonyl group
(1') is positive and that on oxygen atom is negative
concerning to charge distribution, it does not have an
ability of proton release and is a neutral molecule.
4) It has methyl group which is alkyl group (hydrophobic
structure) on the opposite side of a position of carbonyl
group.
5) It has a mirror symmetrical structure stereoscopically.
In addition,
6) It does not have Bay region.
With properties mentioned above, It is thought that
Yoshixol inhibits function which is generated by
conformation of molecule as well as multi-dimensional
-.structure formation of a substance and a functional
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property by.non-structurization of the water molecule
which is related to structuring.
Table 2
Charge Distribution of Yoshixol Calculated by STO-3G
Approximating Method, and Coefficients of HOMO and LUMO.
Charge Coefficient Coefficient
Distribution of HOMO of LUMO
=0 of 1-position -0.22654 -0.47279 +0.58440
C of 1-position +0.17523 -0.21573 -0.46107
C of 2-position -0.09785 +0.36526 -0.27047
C of 3-position -0.04393 +0.37883 +0.46417
C of 4-position +0.00415 -0.05417 +0.00311
C of 5-position -0.10435 -0.06063 +0.00470
C of 6-position -0.01661 +0.34910 -0.27305
=CH2 of 6- -0.22654 +0.40233 +0.44858
position
It is thought that the fundamental mechanism
concerning on inhibitory agents of molecular generating
and/or inducing functions which was carried in claims 1-
11 in this inventions is to alter a thermodynamic state
of a substance and/or a state which is reacted with an
acceptor side according to thermodynamic entropy, an
expansion operation of this entropy, force and length
(tension or volume), numbers of combination (quantity of
probability quantity) and interaction between each factor.
This generation of thermodynamic change such as
increasing effect of entropy is compatible not only to a
substance with thermodynamic equilibration and closed
system but to living organism with thermodynamic non-
equilibration and opened system. Thus, it is suggested
that it is possible to modulate, change or improve a
property of a substance multi-dimensionally in both of
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living organism and non-living substances. For this
reason, by darely elaborate on a scientific logic and
validity about this mechanism, historical significance on
science as well as industrial significance are emphasized
in more details although there are several repetitions.
Thus, the significance in this invention was clarified.
The intermediate compound of 4,4-dimethyl-2-cyclohexen-l-
one, which substituent R3, R4, R5, R6 in general formula
(3-b) are hydrogen atom, is known that it has a effect as
antifungal agents, antiandrogen agents, fragrant agents
and reagents for optical activity (Japan patent No. S 50-
105841, Japan patent No. S 51-105038, Japan patent No. H
4-316531, US patent No.4081458, US-patent No.5169993,
Switzerland patent No.603071). But, it is not restricted
about the following effects based on the logical
mechanism, chemical compounds and their derivatives which
can inhibit or block induced or generated by multi-
dimensional structure (conformation) in general formula
of (1-a), (1-b), (2), (3-a) and (3-b) represented in this
invention and which are disclosed in this invention.
The effects are the following ones; antifungal agents,
anticancer drugs, fragrant agents, reagents for an
optical activity, antibacterial agents, antiviral agents,
bactericidal and/or sterilized agents, anticoagulants
and/or antifibrinolytic agents, blood coagulation and
fibrinolysis blocking agents, spermatocidal agents,
contraceptive agents for external use, thrombolytic
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agents, conformation altering agents of saccharide-chains,
agents for preventing arteriosclerosis, metabolism
(lipids, sugar, proteins) improving agents, agents for
wound healing, epithelialization promoting agents,
inhibitory agents for function of bioactive substances
(enzymes, peptides, genes), blocking agents for function
of bioactive substances, inhibitory and/or blocking
agents of antigen-antibody reaction , organ and tissue
preservative and improving agents of physical property of
bonds (for example, chain reaction polymerization,
sequential reaction polymerization, radical vinyl
polymerization, polymerization inhibition,
copolymerization, configurational polymerization,
sequential polymerization, space lattice polymerization,
cross-linking reaction) with non-biological substances
(for example, phospholipids, glyceryl group, sulfudoryl
group, thiol ester group, monosaccharides, disaccharides,
polysaccharides, silicones, vinyls and celluloses).
Additional effects are improving agents of physical
property according to effects such as methylation of
carbohydrates, peptide bond of amide group, a synthesis
of soluble globular proteins, stereochemical space
recognition and control of substances, micelle formation
of lipids. Moreover, the substance is the organic
compound which contains effective ingredients with an
emulsificating effect of other substance. In addition,
another effects of the compound are depolymerization
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agents, improving agents for surface active substances,
phase transition agents, improving agents of phase
transition, improving agents of microphase separation,
plasticity and/or elasticity promoting agents, plasticity
and/or elasticity improving agents (plasticizers),
copolymerization agents, copolymerization improving
agents, polymerization regulators, improving agents of
polymerization adjustment, stabilizers, stabilization
improving agents, improving agents of crystallized
materials and/or amorphous materials, fluidability
improving agents, flexibility promoters, improving agents
for changing flexibility, antioxidants, improving and/or
modulting agents for fluorescent wavelength and
excitation wavelength of pigmentums, coating materials or
colorants, improving agents of physical property of low
molecule substances, function improving agents of low
molecule substances, improving agents of physical
property of macromolecules substances, function improving
agents of macromolecules substances, improving agents of
physical property of macromolecules composite materials
and of functional macromolecules composite materials.
For example, it can be forecast clearly that the compound
can make sensitization, decoloring or tinction of
various pigmentums with each metachromatism from the
effects of changing a stereochemical structure with
photogenetic group.
Those are pigmentums (for example, chalcone, flavone,
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anthocyanidin and/or aurone) of flavonoid group,
pigmentums (for example gentisin and/or lichexanthone) of
xanthone group, pigmentums (for example, benzoquinone,
siperaquinone, embelin, methaquinone, pulvinic acid,
coprinine, roson, juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone),
lomatiol, anthraquinone, anthrone, alizarin and/or agate
azine) of quinone group, pigmentums (for example,
crocetin and/or carotene) of carotinoid group, pigmentums
(for example, porphine, chlorin, foruvine and/or
chlorophyll) of chlorophyll group, pigmentums of
phycobilins group, pigmentums of petaleine group,
pigmentums of melanin group, pigmentums of synthesized
organic compound group.
Examples of Formulation.
Below, an example of formulation is given concretely
and is explained.
Formulation example 1: <Cream agents (burnishing
type)> As one of a making example of cream agents
(burnishing type), the following substances are mixing
first of all; Yoshixol (0.3 ml), citric acid-1-hydrate
(0.5 ml), polyethylene pyrene glycol (4.5 ml), distilled
water (67.7 ml), cetyl alcohol (4.0 ml), stearic acid
( 10.0 ml), hard paraffin (2.0 g), myristic acid
octlydodecyl (5.0 ml), myristic acid isopropyl (5.0 ml),
glycerylmonoolate (0.5 ml). Afterward, it is heated by
about 80 C to be dissolution, and an emulsification is
performed so that a vanishing cream (O/W emulsion) can be
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obtained.
Formulation example 2: < Ointment type > Yoshixol is
added to liquid paraffin to be distributed. If this is
mixed enough in addition to plastibase, ointment
(ointment with oiliness) which consists of 0.3 weight %
of. Yoshixol can be obtained.
Formulation example 3: < Tablet type > This tablet
and capsule may be able to be coated by easily soluble
film coating agents (for example,
polyvinylacetaldiethylamino acetate) and edible colorants
which is usually used when it needs.
Formulation example 4: < Injection type > Agents for
injection are dissoluted by a little amount of ethanol
when it is needed and is obtained by combining with the
injection fluid (for example, 20% glucose solution) which
is usually used. Though examples of formulation in this
invention was explained above, this invention is not
restricted by above-mentioned examples of formulation.
It is suitably needless to say that it is able to be
altered by adequate applications when it is necessary to
be changed within the summary in this invention.
