Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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AQUEOUS COSMETIC COMPOSITION
This application is a continuation of Provisional Patent Application Ser.
No.6~/359,715, filed
February 27, 2002.
F~ELI~ OF THE INVENTION
[t) This invention relates to cosmetic compositions and, more particularly, an
aqueous
cosmetic composition, for providing a durable yet removable crosslinked film
on a keratinous
substrate, comprising at least two water-based film-form ~lymers including at
least one water-
based self crosslinking film-form polymer.
BACKGROUND OF THE IIWENTION
[2j In order for cosmetic compositions to ~ perform satisfactorily, the
cosmetic
compositions must exhibit a number of desirable performance properties.
Cosmetic compositions
are known which provide films on keratinous substrates, and which have
desirable performance
properties. For example, the filin created an a keratinous substrate by the
cosmetic composition
must adhere to the keratinous substrate, exhibits desired gloss, can be easily
removed, and it also
should be durable_ In other words, desirable performance properties for a
cosmetic composition that
provides a film on n keratinous substrate would include adhesion, good
~emovability, appearance
and durability.
[3j In general, however, the known cosmetic compositions, particularly in the
case of
nail polishes, exhibit desirable performance properties are not aqueous. Most
of the nail polishes
on the market today are formulated undesirably with organic solvents such as
ethyl acetate, butyl
acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, and toluene. These organic solvents are
undesirable because they tend
to be flammable and adversely affect air quality. Organic solvents also tend
to discolor the nails, and
make them brittle. Because of these problems, cosmetic scientists have
investigated developing
aqueous nail coating compositions.
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[4~ I3urability and adhesion are the major challenges when formulating aqueous
nail
polishes. Many approaches have involved using a blend of aqueous dispersions
of film-form
polymers. Using a blend of film-form polymers in cosmetic composition rather
than using a single
film-form polymer gives the cosmetic formulators much better opportunity to
get the desired
performance properties of the cosmetic composition, such as flexibility,
adhesion, durability and so
on. US patent No. 5601808 discloses an aqueous nail coating composition having
a blend of aqueous
dispersions including at least one polyurethane polymer. However, the nail
coating is lack of
adhesion to nails and is thus described as "peel off' nail coating.
(sl To obtain desired durability and adhesion for aqueous nail coatings, using
aqueous
self crosslinking film-form polymer is one of the approaches. U.S. Patent No.
6,277,358 B1 (Calello
et al.) and U.S. Patent Application 20020004054 {Calello et al.) disclose an
aqueous cosmetic
composition which contains self crosslinking film-form polymer. It also
discloses an aqueous
cosmetic composition in which a blend of a self erosslinking film-form polymer
and a limited
amount of cellulose-based film formers are used. However, it has been found
that determining a self
crasslinking film-form polymer, which will enable the cosmetic composition to
have the desired
performance properties, is very difficult. It has also been found that
determining a blend of a self
crosslinking film-form polymer and a limited amount of cellulose-based film
former, which will
enable the cosmetic composition to have the desired performance properties, is
also very difficult.
Also cellulose-based f lm-form polymer has disadvantages, for example, nail
coating formulations
containing nitrocellulose tend to discolor the nails and over time tend to
drop in viscosity and lose
the ability to form a hard film.
(6] U.S Patent No. 62'7735881 and U.S Patent Application 20020004054 did not
disclose
that by blending self crosslinking film-form polymer with thermoplastic film-
form polymer other
than cellulose-based thermoplastic film-form polymer, an aqueous cosmetic
composition,
particularly aqueous nail coating composition can be produced which has
particularly much
improved removability. There are many other advantages by employing this
technology to formulate
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aqueous cosmetic compositions, such as improved flexibility and durability,
reduced amount of
coalescing solvents, reduced amount of plasticizers and so on.
[7j There is therefore a need for an aqueous cosmetic composition for
providing a film
on a keratinous substrate that is durable and easily removable.
SIaI~MARY OF THE I1~I~NTIOI>I
[8~ In a broad aspect of the present invention, there is provided an aqueous
cosmetic
composition for providing a durable crosslinked film on a keratinous
substrate, having at least two
water-based film-form polymers, including at least one self crosslinking film-
form polymer. The
self crosslinking film-form polymer has functional groups capable of
crosslinking with each other
after the cosmetic composition is placed on the keratinous substrate. In
addition, the other water-
based film-form polymers are for modifying the performance properties of the
water-based self
crosslinking film-form polymer. Accordingly, the other water-based film-form
polymer has
performance properties that differ substantially from the performance
properties of the self
crosslinking film-form polymer. In particular, the performance properties of
the self-crosslinking
film-form polymer are modified so that the crosslinked film formed on the
keratinous substrate by
the cosmetic composition adheres to the keratinous substrate and is removable,
durable and exhibit
desired glass. The other water-based film-form polymer should also be
compatible with the self
crosslinking film-form polymer meaning it forms a clear film together with the
self crosslinking
flm-form polymer under desired film-forming condition, and offer the final
aqueous cosmetic
composition sufficient shelf life.
[9] In another aspect of the invention, the other water-based film-form
polymers are all
water-based thermoplastic film-form polymers.
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[10~ In yet another aspect of the present invention, the other water-based
film-form
polymers including at least another water-based self crosslinking film-form
polymer.
[11) The self crosslinking film-form polymer, as described above, does not
require
external crosslinking agent for crosslinking. It has built-in fiznctional
groups that are capable of
crosslinking with each other after the cosmetic composition is applied on to a
keratinous substrate.
It thus forms a one component crosslinking system. The crosslinking reaction
only takes place after
the cosmetic composition is placed on a keratinous substrate. W hen the self
crosslinking film-form
polymer is in liquid state before it is applied on to a keratinous substrate,
no crosslinking reaction
takes place since at least one of the functional groups for crosslinking is
being blocked by a blocking
agent. Once the self crossiinking polymer is applied on to a keratinous
substrate, the blocking agent
dissipates, the functional group for crosslinking once was blocked, becomes
available for
crosslinking.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS)
[ 12] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an aqueous cosmetic
composition
for providing a crosslinked flm on a keratinous substrate has at least one
water-based self
crossiinking film-form polymer and at least another water-based film-form
polymer. Accordingly,
the other water-based film-form polymer has performance properties, which
differ substantially from
the first self crosslinking film-form polymer, so that the crosslinked film
provided on the keratinous
substrate has the desired performance properties as described above. The first
water-based self
crosslinking film-form polymer has functional groups capable of crosslinking
with each other after
the cosmetic composition is placed on the keratinous substrate.
[I3~ In a preferred embodiment, the second water-based film-form polymer is a
water-
based thermoplastic film-form polymer. It is preferred that the first water-
based self crosslinking
film-form polymer is at least one first compound selected from the group
consisting of acrylic
copolymer, acrylic-methacrylate copolymer, styrene-acrylic copolymer,
acrylonitrile-acrylic
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copolymer, urethane-acrylic hybrid, polyurethane polymer, vinyl copolymer,
vinyl acetate-acrylic
copolymer and polyacrylate/polysilicate hybrid. It is also preferred that the
water-based
thermoplastic f lm-form polymer is at least one second compound selected from
the group consisting
of acrylic copolymer, acrylic-methacrylate copolymer, styrene-acrylic
copolymer, polyurethane
polymer, vinyl copolymer, vinyl acetate-acrylic copolymer, polysaccharide
water dispersion,
acyrlonitrile-acrylate copolymer, polyester, polyamide, polyimide, and
polyvinylalcohol.
[ 14] As can be seen from the foregoing paragraph, in this embodiment, a wide
variety of
compounds may be employed as the first water-based self crosslinking film-form
polymer or the
water-based thermoplastic elm-form polymer. Furthermore, mixtures of various
compounds may
be used as the first water-based self crosslinking ~lrn-form polymer or the
water-based
thermoplastic rilm-form polymer. As noted above, however, the performance
properties of the
water-based thermoplastic film-form polymer differ substantially from the
performance properties
of the first water-based self crosslinking film-form polymer. The water-based
thermoplastic film-
form polymer should also be compatible with the first self-crosslinking film-
form polymer meaning
it forms a clear film together with the self crosslinking filin-form polymer
under desired film-
forming condition, and offer the final aqueous cosmetic composition sufficient
shelf life.
[ 15] Preferably; the aqueous cosmetic composition comprises about, on the
polymer solid
basis, l to about 80 per cent by weight the first water-based self
crosslinking film-form polymer and
about 1 to about 80 per cent by weight the water-based thermoplastic film-form
polymer. It is also
preferred that the aqueous cosmetic composition comprises about, again on the
polymer solid basis,
to about 50 per cent by weight the first water-based self crosslinl~ing film-
form polymer and
about I0 to about 50 per cent by weight the water-based thermoplastic elm-form
polymer. It is also
preferred that, in the aqueous cosmetic composition, the ratio of the first
water-based self
crosslinl~ing riIm-form polymer to the water-based thermoplastic ~Im-form
polymer is between
about 0.1:99.9 and about 99.9:0.1 on a polymer solid basis:
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[ 16 J Tn an alternative embodiment, the other water-based film-form polymer
is a second
water-based self crosslinking film-form polymer. it is preferred that the
first water-based self
crosslinking film-form polymer is at least one first compound selected from
the group consisting of
acrylic copolymer, acrylic-methacrylate copolymer, styrene-acrylic copolymer,
acrylonitrile-acrylate
copolymer, urethane-acrylate hybrid, polyurethane polymer, vinyl copolymer,
and
polyacrylatelpolysilicate hybrid. It is also preferred that the second water-
based self crosslinking
film-form polymer is at least one second compound selected from the group
consisting of acrylic
copolymer, acrylic-methacrylate copolymer, styrene-acrylic copolymer,
acryionitrile-acrylate
copolymer, urethane-acrylate hybrid, polyurethane polymer, vinyl copolymer,
and
polyacrylatelpolysilicate hybrid.
[17J As can be seen from the foregoing paragraph, a wide variety of compounds
may be
employed as the first water-based self crosslinking film-form polymer or the
second water-based
self-crosslinking film-form polymer. Furthermore, mi~ures of various compounds
may be used as
the first water-based self crosslinking film-form polymer or the second water-
based self crosslinking
film-form palymer_ As noted above, however, the performance properties of the
second water-based
self crosslinking film-form polymer differ substantially from the performance
properties of the first
water-based self crosslinking film-form polymer. The second water-based self-
crosslinking film-
form polymer should also be compatible with the first self crosslinking film-
form polymer meaning
it forms a clear f lm together with the first self crosslinking film-form
polymer under desired film-
forming condition, and offer the f naI aqueous cosmetic composition sufficient
shelf life.
18] Among the desirable performance properties are adhesion; appearance,
removability,
and durability. The aqueous cosmetic composition forms a crosslinked film on
the keratinous
substrate which should adhere to the substrate. Also, the crosslinked film
should be relatively easily
removable. Finally, the crosslinked elm should be relatively durable and
flexible, rather than brittle
or rigid, so that the crosslinked film tends not to break or crack while in
place, adhering to the
keratinous substrate.
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[19] Preferably, the aqueous cosmetic composition comprises about, on the
polymer solid
basis, 1 to about 80 per cent by weight the first water-based self
crosslinking film-form polymer and
about 1 to about 80 per cent by weight the second water-based self-
crosslinking film-form polymer.
It is also preferred that the aqueous cosmetic composition comprises about, on
the polymer solid
basis, 10 to about 50 per cent by weight the first water-based self
crosslinking film-form polymer
and about 10 to about 50 per cent by weight the second water-based self
crosslinking film-form
polymer. It is also preferred that, in the aqueous cosmetic composition, the
ratio of the first water-
based self-crosslinking film-form polymer to the second water-based self
crosslinking film-form
polymer is between about 0.1.99.9 and about 99.9:0.1 on a polymer solid basis.
[20] It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention can
take many forms,
and that such forms are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The
spirit and scope of the
appended claims therefore should not be limited to the description of the
preferred versions
contained herein.
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EXAMPLES
[2I] 'The following examples further describe and demonstrate embodiments
within the
scope of the present invention. The examples are given solely for the purpose
of illustration and are
not to be constructed as limitations of the present invention, as many
variations thereof are possible
without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Example l:
[22] An aqueous nail coating composition in accordance with the invention
incorporates a blend of water-based self crosslinking acrylic film-form
polymer and a
thermoplastic water-based film-forming polymer was made according to the
following formula:
w/w
Neocryl XK14 45.75 water-based self crosslinking flm-form polymer *
Neocryl A1049 45.75 thermoplastic water-based film-form polymer*'~
Premix:
Texanol 4.0 coalescent I film-forming aid***
Water 4.5
Add premix tot he batch slowly while mixing
~' manufactured by NeoResins, Avecia Inc., Wilmington, MA USA
**" manufactured by SC Johnson Polymer, Sturtewvant, WI, USA
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Example 2:
[23~ An aqueous nail coating composition in accordance with the invention
incorporates a blend of water-based self crossking urethane film-form polymer
and a
thermoplastic water-based film-form polymer was made according to the
following formula:
w/w
Witcobond W24t? 49.5 waterbased self crosslinking urethane film-farm polymer
Nacrylic 6408 33.0 thermoplastic acrylic water-based film-form polymer's*
Premix:
Texanol 7.0 coalescent / film-forming aid
Water 10.5
Add premix to the batch slowly while mixing
~: lVlanufactured by Uniroyal Chemicals, Eimira, Ontario, Canada
**: manufactured by Nacan Products lltd., Brampton, Ontario, Canada
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Example 3:
[23] An aqueous nail coating composition in accordance with the invention
incorporates a blend of two water-based self crosslinking acrylic film-form
polymers was made
according to the following formula:
w/w
Neocryl XI~I4 X5.75 water-based self-crosslinking film-form polymer
Witcobond W240 45.'75 water-based self crosslinking film-form polymer
Premix:
Texanol 4.0 coalescent l film-forming aid
Water 4.5
Add premix tot he batch slowly while mixing
