Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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A VERTICAL ENGINE FOR OUTBOARD MOTOR
This is a divisional application of Canadian Patent
Application Serial No. 2,159,666 filed on October 2, 1995.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vertical engine with a
crankshaft directed vertically. zt should be understood that the
expression "the invention" and the like encompasses the subject
matter of both the parent and the divisional application.
A vertical engine (upright type engine) having a
crankshaft directed vertically is disclosed in Japanese Laid-
open utility Model Publication No. Hei 3-21509 or Japanese
Laid-open Utility Model Publication No.- Hei 3-23609 for
example. In this engine, a flywheel is provided on a lower
end of a crankshaft projected from an engine main body.
The above mentioned flywheel is received in a flywheel
compartment below which a transmission housing is formed
continuously for receiving engine lubricating oil. The
interiors of the transmission housing and the engine main body
are communicated with each other by means of a feed pipe and a
return pipe detouring round the outside of the flywheel
compartment so that the lubricating oil does not intrude into
the flywheel compartment. The oil within the transmission
housing is fed to an oil pump positioned at an upper portion
of a crank chamber through the feed pipe and a return oil is
returned into the transmission housing from an oil reservoir
formed in a neighborhood of an lower end portion of a crank
cover through the return pipe.
This engine has a cylinder block in which a plurality of
cylinders are arranged in a line vertically and put close to each other.
In such a cylinder block, a thickness (width) of a
crank bearing section formed on an extension of a wall between
the cylinders is 'larger than that of the wall between the
cylinders, and therefore, the oil to be scraped off into the
crank chamber by piston sliding i-s apt to remain on a wall
surface near the crank bearing section.
Accordingly, hitherto, a drilling work was carried out from
below the cylinder block to form oil return hole at each inter-
cylinder wall communicating with upper and lower cylinders.
However, in the engine having the flywheel provided on the
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lower end of the crankshaft as described above, the above
mentioned drilling work from below can not be carried out to
form the oil return holes because there is the flywheel compartment
directly below the cylinder block, and a construction without
such oil return holes is required, therefore, it is difficult
to ensure a smooth oil circulation.
As the above customary vertical engine is provided with
a transmission housing having input, output shafts coaxial with
the crankshaft under the flywheel.compartment, when the engine is
mounted on an industrial machine, taking out of the engine output
and supporting of the engine must be carried out so as not to
interfere with the transmission housing, therefore, the engine
is very inconvenient.
For example, in a outboard motor a driving shaft is
arranged within an outboard motor body case at a position near
the ship and the engine is mounted with the crankshaft positioned
above the driving shaft. Therefore, if it is intended to mount
the customary vertical engine on the outboard motor, some devices
for housing all parts including the transmission housing within
an engine room are necessary, and the height of the obtainable
outboard motor becomes very high. And parts rotating about
a ti l t axis and moment arm about the ti l t axis are increased,
moreover the outboard motor becomes larger.
In the above customary.vertical engine, since the, oil
circulating path between the transmission housing as an oil
pan and the engine body is formed by the feed pipe and the return
pipe going round a side of the flywheel compartrnent opposite to the
cylinder head, the oil path is lengthened and it is feared that
a smooth oil return is obstructed.
Further, in the above customary vertical engine, the
oil within the engine body is returned to the transmission
housing through the return pipe from the oil reservoir which
is formed in the vicinity of a lower end of a trunk c.over and
has only a fiat bottom part, therefore, it is feared that the
oil returning is not smooth.
Since the return pipe is connected to the oil reservoir
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at its lower end of the side opposite to the cylinder head
and extends downward on the same side passing by the
flywheel compartment to be connected to the transmission
housing directly, when the cylinder head side is lowered
owing to an inclination of an outboard motor mounted with
the engine for example, the oil returning wi thi n the crank
chamber is deteriorated. The inclination of the outboard
motor occurs in such cases that the ship accelerates or
runs without carrying out a trim adjustment about a tilt
shaft, for example.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is accomplished in view of
the foregoing circumstances. According to the present
invention, there is provided a vertical engine having a
crankshaft directed in a vertical direction and a flywheel
provided on a lower end of the crankshaft projected through
a bottom wall of a crank chamber, comprising a flywheel
compartment formed under said bottom wall of the crank
chamber for housing said flywheel, an oil pan provided
under said flywheel compartment and reserving oil for
lubricating said crankshaft, at least a part of said oil
pan being positioned at a side opposite to said crank
chamber with respect to said flywheel compartment, and an
oil return passage for returning said oil from said crank
chamber to said oil pan detouring round said flywheel
compartment.
More specifically, the present invention provides a
a vertical engine having a cylinder block, a cylinder head,
a crank chamber, and a crankshaft disposed within the crank
chamber and directed in a vertical direction, comprising an
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oil pan provided under the cylinder Iblock and containing
oil for lubricating the crankshaft, an oil return passage
for returning the oi.l from the crank chamber to the oil
pan, a skirt section provided integrally with the cylinder
block, a split crankcase attached to the skirt section with
respective contacting faces thereof iri mutual abutment to
form the crank chamber, a cylinder wall provided in the
cylinder block and partitioning upper and lower cylinders,
the cylinder wall having a crankshaft bearing section
within the crank chamber, and an oil hole provided in the
cylinder wall and communicating the upper cylinder with the
lower cyl i nde r to conduct the oil from the upper cyl i nde r
into the lower cylinder, the oil hole being inclined
downward from the side of the cylinders toward the
contacting face of the skirt section facing the split
crankcase.
In this invention, the return oil within the crank
chamber positioned above the flywheel compartment is guided
by the oil return passage and flows down into the oil pan
provided under the flywheel compartmenit smoothly. As at
least a part of the oil pan is positioned at a side
opposite to the crank chamber with respect to the flywheel
compartment, an oil supply passage to a cylinder head side
of the engine body and an oil return passage from the
cylinder head side can be formed easily at a place kept
away from the flywheel compartment above the oil pan.
The oil return passage from the crank chamber
is provided on the bottom wall of the crank
chamber so as to extend toward the cylinder head
side penetrating a wal-l portion continuing
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to the bottom wall and reach a position beyond an outer
peripheral portion of the flywheel. Thus it is possible to
form an oil circulating passage detouring round the flywheel
compartment between the oil pan and the engine body, within the engine,
for ensuring a smooth oil return.and making the whole engine
compact to facilitate mounting of the engine on a outboard motor.
Also the outboard motor mounted with such an engine is made
~ compact and its attaching and supporting to a ship body by the
tilt shaft is facilitated.
In a vertical engine according to the present invention,
the oil return passage is constituted by a first vertical passage
portion positioned lower than the flywheel and communicating
with the oil pan and a second passage portion extending along
an outer peripheral part of the flywheel and inclined downward
toward the first passage portion.
In this vertical engine, since the oil in the crank
chamber is returned to the oil pan through the oil return passage
formed along the outer peripheral part of the flywheel, an
external return pipe to connect the crank chamber to the oil
pan is unnecessary and the engine can be made compact.
In addition, since the oil return passage is constituted
by the second passage portion which ext.ends along an outer
peripheral part of the.flywheel inclining downward from the
crank chamber side and reaches a lowermost position under the
flywheel and above the oil pan, and the first passage portion
which extends vertically downward from the lowermost position
of the second passage portion to the oil pan, the oil smoothly
flows down through the oil return passage from the upper crank
chamber to the lower oil pan detouring round the flywheel and
even if the engine is inclined, oil returning is not
deteriorated.
A vertical engine according to the present invention
comprises a skirt section provided integra'ily with a cylinder
block, a split crankcase attached to said skirt section putting
respective contacting faces together to form said crank chamber,
a bearing wall section provided on said cylinder block side
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and forming a lowest crank bearing section within said crank
chamber, and an oil dropping hole provided in said bearing wall
section and communicating with an lower side of said bearing
wall section and an upper side of said bearing wall section
positioned within a lowest cylinder, said oil dropping hole
being inclined downward from said cylinder side to said
contacting face of said skirt section facing to said split
crankcase.
The above mentioned oil dropping hole can be formed
without drilling the bottom wall of the crank chamber by
directing a drilling tool to the skirt section of the cylinder
block from the opened contacting face side obliquely upward.
The oil dropping hole is formed in the bearing wall
section of the cylinder block side and communicates with the
above mentioned portion within the cylinder where the oil is
apt to remain so that the oil in the cylinder is returned well
into the crank chamber through the oil dropping hole, moreover,
the returned oil does not intrude into the flyw{-ieel compartment under
the bottom wall portion of the crank chamber and a smooth oil
circulation is ensured.
In a case that the engine is a in-line multi-cylinder
engine having plurality of cylinders arranged vertically, in
each cylinder wall portion partitioning adjacent upper and lower
cylinders is provided an oil hole at an end on the crank chamber
side. The oi.l hole is formed so as to be inclined downward
from the interior of the cylinder wall portion to the crank
chamber by being drilled obliquely upward from the side of the
contacting face to the split crankcase.
These oil holes can be formed independently and easily
in the same manner as the oil dropping hole. The oil in the
cylinder flows down through these oil holes in order and
discharges into.between the bearing wall section and the crank
chamber bottom wall through the oil dropping hole at the lowest
position.
In the case that an oil passage guiding oil from the
oil dropping hole to a cylinder head side is provided in the
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crank chamber bottom wall portion and the oil drops into a lower
oil pan at the cylinder head side through the oil passage, it
is unnecessary to send the oil returned from the cylinder once
to an oil reservoir at the side opposite to the cylinder of
the crank chamber in a manner of going over the flywheel as
in the case of the aforementioned prior art, but possible to
return the oil through a shorter returning passage. Accordingly
the oil flows smoothly and required total oil volume can be
reduced.
In another aspect, the invention provides a vertical engine for
outboard motors, having a cylinder block, with in-line horizontal
cylinders arranged vertically, a crank chamber, and a crankshaft
disposed within said crank chamber and directed in a vertical
direction, comprising:
an oil pan provided under said cylinder block and containing oil for
lubrication;
means for supplying the oil in the oil pan into said crank chamber to
lubricate said crankshaft and said cylinders;
an oil return passage for returning said oil from said crank chamber
to said oil pan;
a skirt section provided integrally with said cylinder block;
a split crankcase detachably attached to said skirt section with
respective contacting faces thereof in mutual abutment to form said
crank chamber;
a cylinder wall provided in said cylinder block and partitioning
adjacent upper and lower cylinders, said cylinder wall having a
crankshaft bearing section within said crank chamber, said crankshaft
bearing section being positioned to be accessible from the outside when
said split crankcase is not attached to said skirt section; and
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an oil hole provided through said cylinder wall and communicating
said upper cylinder with the lower cylinder to conduct the oil from the
upper cylinder into the lower cylinder, said oil hole being inclined
downward from the side of the cylinders towards the contacting face of
said skirt section facing said split crankcase, in such a manner that
the inclined oil hole can be formed by directing a tool obliquely
upwards towards the skirt section from the side of the split crankcase
which is not attached to the
skirt section.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig.1 is a side view of a whole outboard motor mounted
with a vertical engine according to the present invention;
Fig.2 is a longituctinal side sectional view;
Fig.3 is a rough plan view showing the engine in a engine
cover together with auxiliary i,nstruments;
Fig.4 is a lower view of the engine main block composed
of the cylinder block.and the split crankcase connected thereto;
Fi g. 5 is an end view showing the spl i t crankcase side
end portion of the cylinder block;
Fig.6 is an upper view of the mount case;
Fig.7 is a sectional view of the mount case connected
to the cylinder block cut off along the end face of the cylinder
block; and
Fig.8 is a rough sectional view taken along the line
VIII-VIII of Fig.6.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment in which the present
invention is applied 1o a vertical engine for an outboard motor
will be described.
Fig.i is a side view of a whole outboard motor 1 mounted
with a vertical engine according to the present invention.
On an outboard motor main body la comprising an extension case
2, gear case 3 etc. is mounted an engine 4 according to the
present invention. The engine 4 is covered by an engine cover
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from above.
The outboard motor 1 is attached to a stern 7 by means
of an attaching device 6. The attaching device 6 has a bracket
8 fixed to the stern 7 by bolts and a swivel case 10 pivoted
to the bracket 8 rockably up and down by means of a tilt shaft
9 laterally supported at a front end of the bracket 8. A swivel
shaft 11 directed up and down is pivoted to the swivel case
ratatably. The outboard motor 1 is connected to the swivel
shaft by means of upper and lower connecting members 12,12a.
A crankshaft 13 of the engine 4 is directed vertically
(in up-and-down direction) and a driving shaft 14 connected
to the crankshaft 13 extends in the extension case 2 downward
and reaches within the gear case 3. An lower end of the driving
shaft 14 is connected to a propeller shaft 16 through an ahead-
astern changing device 15 in the gear case 3 and a propeller
17 is rotationally driven by engine power transmitted through
the.crankshaft 13, the driving shaft 14, ahead-astern changing
device 15 and propeller shaft 16.
Fig.2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the engine
4 and Fig.3 is a rough plan view showing the engine 4 in the
engine cover 5 together with auxiliary iristruments thereof.
As mentioned above, the crankshaft is directed
vertically. The engine 4 is mounted in the state that the
crankshaft 13 is positioned in a front (ship side) portion of.
the outboard motor and the cylinder head in a rear portion as
found from Fig.i. That is, the right side in Fig.2,3
corresponds to the front side of the outboard motor 1.
The main body portion of the engine 4 is constituted
by a cylinder block 18 having integrally a, skirt section 18a
forming a half part of a crankcase, a split crankcase 19 forming
a remaining half part of the crankcase, a cylinder head 20 and
a cylinder head cover 21. A contacting face of the split
crankcase 19 and a contacting face of the skirt section 18a
are abutted to each other and the split crankcase 19 and the
skirt section 18a are integrally connected to each other by
bolts 22 to form a crank chamber 23 within the main body portion.
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Four cylinders 24 are arranged in a line vertically
within the cylinder block 18. Namely, the engine 4 is in-line
4 cylinder 4 cycle engine in which each piston 25 is connected
to a common vertical crankshaft 13 by each connecting rod 13.
The crankshaft 13 is rotatably supported within the crank
chamber 23, being pinched between bearing sections 28a,28b
provided on the cylinder block 18 side and the split crankcase
19 side respectively oppositely to each other and fastened by
bolts 27.
A cam shaft 30 is arranged vertically in a valve gear
chamber 29 formed in the cylinder head 20. The cam shaft 30
is driven by the crank shaft 13 through a belt transmission
device which comprises a drive pulley 31 installed at an upper
end 13a of the crankshaft 13 projected from the crank chamber
23, driven pulley installed at an upper end of the cam shaft
30 projected from the cylinder head 20 and a belt 33 wound round
the both pulleys 31,32. At the upper end 13a of the crank
shaft 13 is installed further a generator 39 above the drive
pulley 31.
At a lower end 13b of the crankshaft 13 projected
penetrating a bottom wall of the crank chamber 23 is connected
the abovementioned driving shaft 14. Further, a disk-like
flywheel 34 is connected to the lower end 13b by screws 35 and
spreaded in parallel with an under surface of the engine main
body portion. Due to providing the flywheel at the connecting
portion between the lower end of the crankshaft and the driving
shaft as this, twist vibration of the engine is reduced.
As shown in Fig.3, a valve mechanism comprising a suction
valve 37, an exhaust valve 38, rocker arms 39,39 etc. is provided
at every cylinder 24 to be controlled by the cam shaft 30.
The cylinder head 20 is provided with an intake passage 40,
and an intake manifold 41 connected to the intake passage 40
extends forward along a side surface of the engine 4. 42
denotes one of four carburetors and 42a denotes a suction
silencer box. The intake manifolds 41 for every cylinders 25
are arranged in parallel and up and down with each other along
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the side surface of the engine 4.
On the other side of the engine 4..extends vertically
an exhaust passage 43 with which exhaust passages 44 for the
cylinders 24 communicate. The exhaust passage 43 is connected
to an upper end of an exhaust pipe 43a extending vertically
in the extension case 2 (Fig. 1). The exhaust passes through
the exhaust pipe to be discharged into water from a lower end
of the pipe through a boss portion of the propeller for example.
On the same side of the engine 4 as the exhaust passage
43 is arranged an electric box 45 containing electric parts,
such as a CPU, ignition coils or the like, in front and
underneath thereof is arranged a starter motor 46. 45a is
a ignition plug cord connected to ignition plugs on a side
surface of the cylinder head 20. An output shaft 46a of the
starter motor 46 projects downward and engages with a ring gear
47 (Fig.2) formed on a periphery of the flywheel 34.
Fig.4 is a lower view of the engine main block composed
of the cylinder block 18 and the split crankcase 19 connected
thereto. As obvious from Fig.4 and the abovementioned Figs.2
and 3, the lower portion of the cylindrical block 18 is formed
with a swelled part 48a projecting to both side of the engine
(to right and left direction of the outboard motor) in parallel
with the plane of rotation of the flywheel, and the lower portion
.of the split crankcase 19 is also formed with a swelled part
48b projecting to the right and left and the side opposite to
the cylinder head (frontward respect to the outboard motor).
Along outer peripheral edges of the swelled part 48a,48b are
formed surrounding walls 49a,49b projecting downward. The
surrounding walls 49a, 49b are contacted with each other at
a contacting face 18c to form a plate-like portion opening
downward in the lower face portion of the main block 18,19.
Right and left portions of the surrounding walls 49a are
connected to each other at the rear toward the cylinder head.
On the under surface of the cyl-inder block 18 is
projected a further surrounding wall 50 concentrically with
the bearing section 28 at the innerside of the surrounding wall
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49a to form a semi-circular recess 51 opening downward between
the su r roundi ng wa l l s 50 and 49a. The front end face of the
surrounding wall 50 forms a part of the contacting face 18c
and contacts with an end face of a branch part 49b, of the
surrounding wall 49b on the side of the split crankcase 19.
Therefore, the recess 51 is closed at the front end. In Fig.
4, Cl is a cooling water passage and C2 is a cooling water drain
passage.
Fig.5 is an end view showing an end face of the cylinder
block 18 facing to the split crankcase 19. The end face has
a packing face extending over the skirt section 18a and the
lower swelled part 48a along the outline thereof. 22a denotes
bolt holes for the abovementioned bolts 22. An end face of
a bottom wall 53 extending from the cylinder side and
partitioning the lower part of the crank chamber 23 also forms
a packing face 54 together with the end faces of the surrounding
wall 50 on the both sides. Right and left boss parts 55 is
projected on the upper surface of the bottom wall 53 and extend
rearward to the cylinder portion side. The end faces of the
boss parts 55 form a part of the packing face 54. These boss
parts 55 also have bolt holes 22a as mentioned above.
Also on the split crankcase 19 side are provided packing
faces similar to the abovementioned packing faces 52 and 54
and the cylinder block 18 and split crankcase 19 are connected
integrally with these packing faces abutted and the bolts
inserted into the bolt holes to form the crank chamber 23.
Namely, the abovementioned contacting face 18c is formed by
the backing faces 52 and 53.
The crank bearing sections 28a are formed on and
supported by bearing walls 56 projecting from the inner wall
surface of the skirt section 18a and arranged in the skirt
section 18a. The end faces of the bearing sections 28a form
a about same surface with packing face 52 but the end faces
of the bearing walls 56 are slightly displaced rearward, to.
the cylinder side, compared to the packing face 52.
A bearing wall 56, for a bearing section 28a, at the
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lowermost position is formed on the bottom wall 53 integrally,
but a lower face of the bearing section 28ai, is positioned above
an upper face of the bottom- wall 53 to form a space 57 between
the bearing section 28a, and the bottom wall 57. The
corresponding portion of the bottom wall 53 is provided with
a relatively large semi-circular hole 58 in which an enlarged
lower end portion 13b of the crankshaft 13 passing through the
bearing section 28a, is fitted through a seal member 59. Since
the space 57 is intercepted oil-tightly from the under side
of the bottom wall 53 by the crankshaft lower end portion 13b
and the seal member 53 and the peripheral portion of the bearing
section 28a, is connected to the bottom wall 53, when the split
crankcase 19 of the similar construction is attached to the
skirt section 18a putting the crankshaft 13 therebetween, the
space 57 forms a closed space isolated tightly from the
circumference. However, a communicatinig passage 60 which
communicates the space 57 with outer and upper surface of the
bottom wall 53 is formed each at the right and left sides by
forming a slight recess on the end face (the contacting face
for the split crankcase 19) at a connecting portion between
the peripheral portion of the bearing section 28a, and the bottom
wall 53. The bearing walls 56,56, continue to reinforcing
walls at laterals of the cylinders.
At the crankshaft lower end portion 13b below the bottom
wall 53 is attached the flywheel 34 as described above. The
flywheel 34 is housed withi.n an about circular, downwardly opened
recess which is covered by the bottom wall 53 and an upper wall
of the swelled part 48b on the split crankcase 19 side from
above (Fig.2) and surrounded by the surrounding wall 50 and
the surrounding wall 49b continuing to the wall 50
circumferentially. The recess forms an upper portion of a
flywheel compartment 61 (Fig.2) for housing the flywheel 34. That
is, the lower face of the bottom wall 53 corresponds to a ceiling
of the flywheel compartment 61.
As shown in Fig.2, to a flat under surface of the main
block 18,19 formed by a surface joining the lower end surfaces
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of the surrounding walls 49a,49b,50 is attached by bolts a mount
case 62 through which the engine main body is mounted on the
extension case 2. As shown in Fig.6, on the upper surface
of the mount case 62 are projected a surrounding wall 63a
abutting against the surrounding wall 50 and a surrounding wall
63b abutting against the surrounding wall 49b in a shape of
continuous loop. The portion surrounded by the surrounding
walls 63a,63b closes the recess of the main block side housing
the flywheel 34 from the bottom to form the flywheel compartment 61.
Further, a surrounding wall 63c abutting against the
surrounding wall 49a is projected and a recess 51a joining with
the recess 51 and closing the recess 51 from the bottom is formed
between the surrounding walls 63a and 63c(Fig.7).
At one side of the surrounding walls 50,63a is provided
a recess 64, as shown in Fig.4, for housing the output shaft
46a of the starter motor 46 which projects into the flywheel
compartment 61 and engages with the ring gear 47 of the flywheel 34.
In Fig.6, 51b denotes a communication part connecting a front
recess portion 51c interrupted from the recess 51a by the recess
64 to the recess 51a at underneath of bottom wall portion of
the recess 64.
The mount case 62 is connected to a pair of the r i ght
and left connecting member 12 through a mount rubber 65 extending
in right and left direction. The mount rubber 65, is composed
of a core member 65a and a rubber 65b surrounding it, and the
connecting members 12 are connected to the core member by bolts.
The rubber 65b is pressed from above by a pressing member 67
fastened to a bottom wall portion of the flywheel compartment 61 by
bolts 66.
The mount case 62 has a flat lower surface at a position
under the portion constituting the flywheel compartment 61 and in rear
of the driving shaft 14. An oil pan 68 is attached to the
flat lower surface and hangs down in the extension case 2.
The interior of the mount case 62 is divided into a portion
62a constituting the flywheel compartment 61 and a portion 62b
communicating with the oil pan 68. The flywheel compartment 61
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communicates with the atmosphere through a breathing pipe 61a.
An oil suction pipe 70 having a strai.ner 69 at the lower
end extends upward through an oil suction passage 71a in the
mount case 62 from a bottom portion of the oil pan 68 and
connects to an oil passage 71 formed in a lower portion of the
cylinder block 18. The oil suction passage 71 communicates
with a suction port 73 of a pump 72 which is installed on the
l owe r end of the cam shaft 30 and d r i ven by the cam shaft 30.
The oil suction pipe 70 may be connected to the oil suction
passage 71 of the cylinder block 18 through the oil pan
communicating portion 62b and an undermientioned oil return
opening 84.
Oil compressed by the oil pump 72 is sent from a pump
outlet 72a to a bottomed relay section 91b (Fig.6) of the mount
case 62 through an oil supply path 91a positioned lower than
the lowermost cylinder, as shown in Figs.1 and 3. This is
same as the lubricating route of the customary vertical engine.
The oil supply path 91a-rises upward at the relay section 91b
and communicates with an oil supply path 91c extending
horizontally at a level higher than the lowermost cylinder by
one cylinder. The oil is sent through the oil supply path
91c to an oil filter 74 which is attached to the front face
of the split crankcase 19 at a position above the contacting
face 5a (Fig.1) between the engine cover and the under case.
Owing to such an arrangement of oil supply paths, even if there
are the flywheel and the flywheel compartment below the crank chamber
and the oil return passage on the bottom wall of the crank
chamber, the oil can be sent from the cy'linder head side to
the crank chamber side without being obstructed by the flywheel,
the oil return passage etc., and also detaching and changing
of the oil filter can be carried out easily.
The oil flowing out from the oil filter 74 flows into
an oil passage 75 arranged vertically at a widthwise central
portion on the front surface of the split crankcase 19, and
then reaches bearing sections 28 for the crankshaft 13 through
oil paths 76 to lubricate the bearings. Further, the oil
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reaches crankpin bearings 78 and interiors of the cylinders
24 through oil, paths 77 dri l led in the crankshaft 13 to lubricate
the crankpin bearings and inner surfaces of the cylinders.
In addition, the oil is sent toward the cylinder head 20 from
an upper part of the oil path 75 through the crankshaft 13 and
an upper portion of the cylinder block 18 to lubricate the cam
shaft 30.
The oil reaching the cylinder 24 is scraped off into
the crank chamber 23 as well as spreads over the inner surface
of the cylinder by the sliding motion of the piston 25.
However, since the thickness of the cylinder wall portion 79
partitioning upper and lower cylinders 24 is thinner than the
thickness (width) of the bearing section 28a connecting to the
wall portion 79, there is formed a step part a and the oil is
apt to remain on the step part a. Therefore, an oil hole 80
communicating with the upper and lower cylinders 24,24 is drilled
in the step part to drop the remai ni ng oil into the lower
cylinder.
The oil hole 80 can be drilled easily without interfering
with other parts, by directing a tool such as a drill toward
the skirt section 18a of the cylinder block 18 from the opened
side thereof having the contacting face for the split crankcase
19 obliquely upward. Therefore, the oil hole 80 is formed
directed obliquely upward from the lower surface side of the
cylinder wall portion 79.
Similar oil holes 80 are provided between each adjacent
cylinders in the underneath and the.oil in each cylinder 24
flows down in order through the oil holes 80 and reached the
lowermost cylinder 24. The lowermost cylinder 24 is provided
with an oil dropping hole 81 similar to the oil hole 80. The
oil dropping hole 81 is drilled in the bearing wall 56, for
the bearing section 28a, in a plane including the cylinder axis
(Fig.5) and opens in the space 57. The oil dropping hole 81
can be drilled without making a hole in the packing face 54
by.directing a tool obliquely from the side of the contacting
face for the split crankcase 19.
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Since the underneath of the space 57 is closed by the
enlarged lower end portion 13b of the crankshaft 13 and seal
member 59, the oil flowing down into the space 57 through the
oil dropping hole 81 flows out on the adjacent upper surface
portion 53a of the bottom wall 53 through the right and left
communicating passages 60 without flowing into the flywheel
compartment 61 housing the flywheel 34 in the underneath. The oil
flowing directly on the oil seal 58 from the lowermost bearing
section 28a is returned through the space 57 in the same manner.
In order to guide the oil flowing out on the adjacent
upper surface portion 53a, outside of which is interrupted by
the boss section 55, an oil return passage 82 penetrating the
bearing wall 56 and extending rearward namely toward the cylinder
head side is provided. The oil return passage 82 reaches a
position above the surrounding wall 50, as shown in Fig.4.
Accordingly, the oil passing through the oil return passage
82 flows into the recess 51 formed outside the surrounding wall
50 and drops into the recess 51a of the mount case 62 receiving
the recess 51 from the under side.
Also at the outside of the boss section 55 is provided
a similar oil return passage 83 penetrating the bearing wall
56, to drop the return oil collected on the outside of the bottom
wall 53 into the recess 51a through the oil return passage 83.
In such a way, an oil return passage surrounding the
outside of the flywheel compartment 61 in a shape f half loop from
the vicinity of the contacting faces betweeri the cylinder block
18 and the split crankcase 19 toward the rear is formed. The
bottom wall of the oil return passage namely the bottom wall
51b of the recess 51a is inclined downward toward the rear as
shown in Figs.2 and 7, and at the lowest rearmost part of the
passage is provided an oil return opening 84 (Fig.6) which opens
to the oil pan communicating portion 62b of the mount case 62.
Accordingly, the oil dropping into the recess 51a through the
oil return passages 82,83 flows on the bottom wall 51b toward
the oil return opening 84 side, drops from the oil return opening
84 through the oil pan communicating portion 62b and returns
CA 02453316 2004-01-20
into the oil pan 68 below.
In other words, on lateral of the flywheel 34 is formed
an oil return passage communicating with the crank chamber 23
and the oil pan 68. The oil return passage is constituted by
a vertical first passage portion and a second passage portion.
The first passage portion is formed by a portion within the
oil pan communicating portion 62b in which the oil drops from
an oil return opening 84 onto the oil pan (the portion shown
by the dotted line 84a in Fig,2), positioned below the flywheel
34 and communicates with the oil pan 68. The second passage
portion is formed by the recesses 51, 51a and extends along
the outer peripheral part of the flywheel 34 toward the first
passage portion 48a inclining downward. And this oil return
passage is formed on a housing portion covering the flywheel
34 by the surrounding walls 49, 50, 63 etc..
In such a manner, an oil return passage skillfully
detouring round the flywheel compartment 61 under the crank chamber
23 is formed between the crank chamber 23 and the oil pan 68
without enlarging the engine. Since the outlet of the oil
return passage namely the oil return opening 84 is positioned
at a sufficiently lower position than the bottom part of the
crank chamber 23 owing to the inclination of the bottom wall
51b, even if the crank chamber 23 side becomes lower than the
valve gear chamber 29 side because of pitching of the outboard
motor 1 for example, the oil in the crank chamber 23 can be
.returned into the oil pan 68 without any trouble.
The oil having lubricated around the cam shaft 30 reaches
an oil return opening 86 through an oil passage 85 and returns
into the oil pan 68 through an oil return passage 87 and an
oil return pipe 88.
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