Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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SYSTEM FOR ENABLING ARC WELDERS
The invention relates to the art of electric arc welding and more particularly
to a system far
loading an electric arc welder with a welding procedure specification and then
enabling the welder
when conditions are proper to execute the selected welding procedure
specification WPS.
In the welding industry, the welding of critical applications involves
experimental
optimization of many parameters and weld controlling factors into an
acceptable weld procedure.
This procedure is generally referred to as the welding procedure specification
(WPS) which is well
known in the art of electric arc welding and is generally described in a 1997
article by D. K. Miller
entitled What Every Engineer Should Know about Welding Procedures.
Bloch 5,708,253 suggests the concept of.Ioading the welding
procedure specification into the controller of an electric arc welder and then
modifying the various
parameters. The data causes a central control microprocessor to implement the
parameters during
a welding operation. This fixed programmed use of welding procedures is known.
In the present invention,
data is introduced into the control logic network by memory chips of the type
available from Dallas
Semiconductor Corporation of Dallas, Texas, under the trademark "Touch
Memory." These
electronic memory buttons store digital data in an internal READlWRITE chip
which data is
transmitted upon command from the button to an interface communicated with
said control Iogic
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receiving receptacle. Any of many known button receiving receptacles can be
used. . One receptacle
is disclosed in Scholder 5,862,071,
Assignor has a pending United States application Serial No. 336,574 filed on
June 21, 1999
and disclosing the concept of memory chips for receiving data and transmitting
data to the controller
of an electric arc welder by touching of the support structure for the chip.'
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
In electric arc welding as described in Bloch 5,708,253, repeatable quality in
electric arc
welding for specific applications requires that the procedure used in the
welding process be the same
or within certain constraints. In addition, the weldor or operator assigned to
execute the procedure
must be qualified to perform the specific welding operation by a prior testing
and prior actual
experience. Furthermore, even a weldor qualified for a specific procedure can
lose the specific skill
required after long periods without actually performing the welding operation.
Consequently,
qualification of the operator should be assured so the welding operation can
meet the standard
necessary for acceptance of the welding result. In addition, it is necessary
that the parameters
involved in the welding procedure specification be met during the welding
operation. In the past,
the welding procedure was manually loaded into the digital process controller
of the.electric arc
_._ -_-_ welder_b~various interfaces connected to the controller. In addition,
items of the WPS, such as wire
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feed speed, wire specification, shielding gas, preheat, impass heat, post
heat, etc., were set according
to written or stored criteria constituting the welding procedure
specification. Implementing this
technique, together iwvith assuring qualification of the operator presented
difficulties. The welding
by the weldor was 'performed irrespective of compliance with the various
parameters constituting
5, the welding procedure specification and irrespective of the actual
qualification of the weldor
performing the welding operation, Consequently, detailed record keeping and
checking of the
various parameters preparatory to the welding operation were necessary, but
'quite complex. ~ When
it was determined that the welding procedure was not followed or the operator
was not adequately
qualified, the resulting welding operation was rejected or required subsequent
remedial processing.
Consequently, a procedure to assure proper welding to a detailed specification
was complicated and
expensive. It required a substantial amount of record keeping and historical
maintenance of.data
associated with the many welds performed in the field.
Goldblatt 5,500,512 and Bobeczko 5,553,810 disclose bar codes an a wire reel
to be read
when the reel is loaded onto a welder. A process sheet is also read by a bar
code to correlate with
. the wire.
THE INVENTION
In electric arc welding, specific applications often involve a welding
procedure specification
WPS that must be followed for acceptance of the weld. In practice, the WPS for
a specific
application provides the necessary information to set the electric arc welder
and load the electric arc
welder with external constituents for the purposes of performing the specified
welding process. In
accordance with the present invention, the WPS for a liven welding operation
is converted to digital
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data and stored either in a IC chip of a memory button or in a remote location
such as a computer
connected to the welder by an ethernet network. Such network is local or by
the Internet. WPS is
directed to the controller of the electric arc welder. In the preferred
embodiment of the invention
the.digital data comprising the WPS of a specific welding operation is loaded
into the'IC chip of a
memory button. As an alternative, the memory button includes a code which will
allow the digital
data defining the WPS to be directed to the digital process controller of the
welder. This can be from
a memory or from an ethernet network. Thus, the present invention involves a
memory button
containing a specific digital data defining WPS or a code identifying a
specific WPS. As an
alternative; the digital data defining the WPS is loaded directly into the
controller from an external
source, such as an ethernet network.
In the preferred implementation, a memory button is connected to receptacle in
a touch
connector coupled to the controller of the welder. Consequently, by merely
placing the memory
button into a receptacle on the touch connector associated with a specific
welder, the welding
procedure to be performed by the welder is directed by process logic to the
controller of the welder.
The controller upon receiving the selected procedure is disabled unless the
various items of the WPS
are available on the welder or used by the welder. To assure the proper wire,
gas, and operator, the
touch connector includes additional receptacles for memory buttons, each of
which contain an IC
chip loaded with the necessary data associated with a particular aspect of the
welding process. In
practice, the WPS memory button is attached to one receptacle of the touch
connector. Another
receptacle receives a memory button with a chip containing the qualifications
of the particular
operator destined to perform the welding procedure. If the welding procedure
loaded into the
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controller contains qualifications for the person performing the operation,
then the button containing
the weldor qualifications allows activation of the welder if the person has at
least the qualifications
necessary for performing the specified WPS. In a like manner, another
receptacle on the touch
connector receives a touch memory button having a chip loaded with the
information on the welding
wire or electrode, such as material, specification, diameter, etc. Data
contained on the chip of this
memory button is compared to the data indicative of the welding wire or
electrode from the memory
chip for the WPS to not disable the welder. In this way, the welding operation
is performed with the
proper welding wire or electrode. Another memory button includes a chip loaded
with the
identification of the shielding gas: When this chip is received in a
receptacle on the touch connector,
the shielding gas connected to the welder is determined. If the shielding gas
is not proper, the welder
is disabled. ~ In accordance with implementation of the invention; the touch
connector can have
additional receptacles for additional memory buttons having chips with data
corresponding to a
feature or item in the welding procedure specification.
By using the present invention, a work order carnes a button including the
data indicative
of the parameters of the welding procedure specification of a specific welding
operation. The wire
or electrode bundle for the welder carries another memory button which is
removed from the wire
or electrode and placed in a receptacle on the touch connector. In a like
manner, the welding gas
carries a button which is detached and inserted into another receptacle on the
touch connector.
Likewise, the operator possesses an identification memory button to be mounted
in a designated
receptacle on the touch connector. If all of these buttons in the touch
connector conform, then the
-------- :welder-ispat-disabled.~-~ia~ace~cer,~he-~r~elder i cetf mms
h~nauable of perfor~i g the selected_--
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welding operation. Consequently, the controller itself will output information
of the type of welder
to assure that the WPS can be performed. When all of these items match, the
welding process can
be performed. By merely inserting a plurality of buttons indicative of welding
items, the welder is
commissioned for performing a specific welding operation, which preferably is
also inputted by a
memory button.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided a system for
enabling an electxic
arc welder adapted to perform various welding processes using weld parameters
and a welding wire.
The system comprises a first receptacle for a first memory button having a
chip loaded with digital
data indicative of a specific welding procedure specification. The
specification comprises a set of
at least weld parameters, a specific weld process, electrical characteristics,
and selected welding wire
or electrode features. The procedure dictates the operating characteristics of
the welder during the
welding process. A second receptacle for a second memory button having a chip
loaded with digital
data indicative of recorded feature of the wire or electrode to be used by the
welder. The system
includes a disabled circuit or logic to disable the welder to process the
specific welding procedure
when the data indicative of the features of the welding wire fail to
correspond with 'the data
indicative of the selected welding wire or electrode features. Thus, if the
desired wire or electrode
identified by the second button is not the proper wire or electrode for the
welding procedure, the
welder will not be enabled.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the electrical
characteristics or other
aspects of the welding procedure specification relating to the capabilities of
the welder will be
_-_ compare y .gic-in-c~rro~ro~~~~ °r nft~,E.~~. l~t~ r~Ptgrmine i~~e
welder is
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capable of performing the selected welding procedure. Consequently, both a
series of individually
placed buttons and the capabilities of the welder are compared with the loaded
welding procedure
specification to allow the execution of the welding process.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the first chip associated
with the first
S memory button includes digital data defining a selected qualification of the
operating weldor or
operator so a third receptacle can receive a third memory button having a chip
loaded with digital
data indicative of the actual welding qualification of a weldor. A disabled
circuit disables the welder
to process the welding procedure specification when the actual welding
qualification fails to match
or exceed the selected qualification. In accordance with this concept, the
third memory button can
be a READ/VVRITE memory wherein the qualification information is.updated
according to the
specification being processed. The term "weldor" indicates the person
conducting the welding
process and the term "welder" is the actual apparatus performing the process.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention there is provided a
system for
enabling an electric arc welder adapted to perform various welding processes
using weld parameters
and a welding wire. The system comprises a first receptacle for a first memory
button having a chip
loaded with digital data indicative of a specific welding procedure
specification and constituting a
set of at least weld parameters, a specific weld process, electrical
characteristics, and selected
welding wire features. A second receptacle for a second memory button having a
chip loaded with
digital data indicative of an item in the set; and, a disable circuit to
disable the welder when the data
indicative of the item fails to correspond with the data indicative of the
item.
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In yet another aspect of the invention, there~is provided a system for
enabling an electric arc
welder adapted to perform various welding processes using weld parameters and
a welding wire.
The system comprises a first receptacle for a first memory button having a
chip loaded with digital
data indicative of a specific welding procedure specification and a selected
qualification of the
operating weldor. A second receptacle for a second memory button having a chip
loaded with digital
data indicative of the actual qualifications of a specific weldor or operator
and a disable circuit to
disable the welder to process the specific welding procedure when data
indicative of the actual
qualifications fail to match or exceed the selected qualifications.
Still a further aspect of the invention is the provision of a system for
enabling an electric arc
welder adapted to perform various welding processes using weld parameter and a
welding wire or
electrode. This system comprises a first receptacle for a first memory button
having a chip loaded
with digital data indicative of a specific welding procedure specification
constituting a et of at least
weld parameters, a specific weld process, electrical characteristics and
selected welding wire
features. This aspect of the invention includes a circuit to load the welding
procedure specification
into the controller of the welder to set characteristics of the welder. The
controller is the digital
processing device used by welders and can be input logic or another input
network.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention there is provided a
system for
controlling an electric arc welder at a weld station, such' as a robot. The
system comprises a
controller for the power supply and for external drives at the weld station.
These drives include wire
feeders and robot drives controlling travel speed during the weld, to name a
couple. The controller
------sec-es~i~g-de-vise~vithasectian forr~ceiving digital data and for
controllingzthe welder.
_g_
CA 02454087 2004-O1-29
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in compliance with the digital data. In this aspect of the invention, the data
includes a selected value
for an external weld condition, such as arc current or arc voltage of the
power supply and wire feed
speed and travel speed for the drive units. A data entry station is used by
the operator to select a set
level far one of the external conditions. A logic network compares the
selected level and the selected
value to create an action signal based upon this comparison. The digital data
is a selected welding
procedure specification. In one aspect, the action signal causes the
controller to either decrease or
increase the set level. As an alternative, if the set level is not within
prescribed limits, the welder
is disabled. Thus, an operator selecting the wrong level for an external
condition can cause the
welder to be disabled. As a further aspect, the action signal causes the
external condition to be
recorded during the welding operation. This response to an action signal can
be used with other
responses. The action signal can also merely transmit the selected set level
to the power supply and
to the external drive devices, if the set level does not deviate beyond a
certain amount from the data
relating to the external condition as contained in the welding procedure
specification. In this
manner, the external conditions such as wire feed speed, travel speed, arc
current and arc voltage are
processed in accordance with the welding procedure specification, either to
set the command signals
for the external condition or to disable the welder from performing the
welding process.
A further aspect of the present invention is the provision of a system for
controlling an
electric arc welder performing a welding operation at a weld station, such as
a robot. The system
comprises a controller for the power supply of the welder. The controller has
a digital processing
device with a memory for receiving digital data and a for controlling the
welder in compliance with
di.gita~ata~A readin dg evice loads control data_ containing a specific
welding procedure
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specification into the memory. The control data includes a selected level for
an external condition.
The controller generates a command signal for the external condition. A sensor
reads the actual
external condition on a real time basis while a comparison circuit disables
the welder when the
external condition deviates from the selected set level. In this manner, an
external condition is
compared to the selected set condition as contained in a welding procedure
specification and the
welder is disabled when the actual external condition deviates from the level
in the Welding
procedure specification.
Still a further aspect of the present invention is the provision of a method
for controlling an
electric arc welder having a power supply, external drives and a controller
for the power supply and
drives. The method comprises loading digital data containing a specific
welding procedure
specification and including a selected value for an external condition.
Thereafter, a desired level for
an external condition is inputted into the controller and is compared to the
value to create a command
signal used by the power supply or external drives. A modification of this
method involves the real
time value of the external condition and disabling the welder when the real
time value deviates from
the command signal by a selected amount.
In accordance with an aspect of the invention, the digital data is stored on
the chip of the
individual memory buttons; however, in accordance with an aspect of the
invention the memory
buttons are merely loaded with a code. This code inputs digital information
from either an ethernet
network or a memory in the controller for providing the digital data to be
compared preparatory to
enabling the welder to perform the welding process.
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The primary object of the present invention is the provision of A system for
operating an
electric arc welder, which system employs a series of manually insertion
memory buttons to input
the welding process to be performed, together with various external welding
considerations such as
wire, gas, prior heat, and weldor qualifications. By inputting this
information, the weldor is
disqualified from performing the welding process unless the digital data
matches to allow operation
of the welder.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a system, as
defined above,, which
system employs a series of manually insefiable memory chips to enable a welder
to perform a
welding process defined by a specific welding procedure specification. The
specification can be
inserted or loaded by any technique, including, but not limited to, a memory
button.
Still a further object of the present invention is the provision of a system,
as defined above,
which system prevents the welder from operating unless the person operating
the welder has certain
qualifications. In accordance with another object, the qualifications are
updated after each welding
process to produce a personal history of the operator performing the welding
process.
Still a further object of the present invention is the provision of a system,
as defined above,
which system has an individual button containing data or capable of inputting
data indicative of the
welding wire characteristics so the welder will perform the welding procedure
only if a proper wire
or electrode is being used. In a like manner, a memory chip can be employed
which contains data
indicative of other .external items, such as shielding gas or temperature so
the welder will not operate
unless the desired external item is employed with the welder. In sensing
temperature, a touch probe
- ----~s-~~gy-~,gd--~ P ~=~~r~";P~P ~Q~~~to the weld station, such as a robot,
may require
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preheating. In that case, a touch probe reads the preheat temperature. In a
like manner, the
temperature of a bead laid in a multipass weld is sensed to determine
interpass
temperature.
These and other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following
description taken together with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIGURE 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the present invention;
FIGURE 2 is a schematic block diagram of a modification of the illustration in
FIGURE l;
FIGURE 3 is a front view of the touch connector with receptacles and a
schematic
diagram of an operation of features on the invention;
FIGURE 4 is a block diagram and wiring diagram of the preferred embodiment of
the
invention;
FIGURE 5 is a block diagram and wiring diagram summarizing the primary aspects
of the
present invention;
FIGURE 6 is a block diagram and wiring diagram illustrating further aspects of
the
invention; and
FIGURE 7 is a block diagram and wiring diagram of another aspect of the
invention.
Referring now to the drawings wherein the showings are for the purpose of
illustrating embodiments of the invention only and not for the purpose of
limiting same,
FIGURE 1 is a schematic illustration of the invention. System 10 is used to
provide
control data by line 12 to determine the operation of welder A by controller
20. The
controller is a standard digital processing device for outputting command
signals on line
22 to govern the operation of power supply 30, shown as having positive
terminal 32 and
negative terminal 34. Of course, these terminals can be from a switching
network with
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alternate polarity or can be from a rectifier to give specific polarity for
AC, DC positive,
or DC negative welding. Power supply 30 is not part of the invention and can
be an
inverter, down chopper, or other power source architecture.
Welder A performs a welding operation at a station schematically illustrated
as
contact sleeve 40 for directing current to welding wire or electrode E from
supply spool 50
toward workpiece W. In some instances, a stick electrode may be used.
Controller 20
causes welder A to perform any of a variety of welding processes involving
weld
parameters (I8, Va, WFS), electrical characteristics (AC, DC+, DC-), and other
definitions
of the welding mode (pulse, spray, globular, short circuit, STT). System 10
includes touch
connector 60 in the form of a strip having a series of receptacles for memory
buttons.
Each button has an internal chip loaded with digital data. Touch connector 60
is shown
with several receptacles 62-66 for receiving memory buttons 100-106,
respectively. The
internal digital chip of each button is loaded with digital information
indicative of certain
parameters, as will be explained. Receptacle 62 is located on touch connector
60 even
though it is shown separated because of certain intermediate logic processing
circuits or
programs. Button 100 has a chip that contains digital information indicative
of the
welding procedure specification WPS. When the button 100 is inserted into
receptacle 62,
the information on the internal chip is stored in device 90 for outputting
into system 10. A
tag 100a indicates the particular WPS carned by button 100. System 10 includes
a
disabling circuit 110 which will not allow controller 20 to operate unless an
enable output
is received from the disabling circuit. To explain the operation of the
disabling circuit,
logic gates 130 are shown with inputs 112- 116 from storage device or memory
90. The
welding procedure specification on the chip of button 100 dictates the
parameters of
welder A, as well as controls disabling circuit 110. The circuits are software
implemented,
but are shown in hardware format for explanation.
Button 102 in receptacle 64 has a chip with data relating to an external item
used in
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welding. In practice, the chip of button 102 contains digital data indicative
of the wire E
on spool 50. This data is compared with the data on line 112 from button 100.
In a like
manner, button 104 contains data relating to the gas used for shielding the
welding
process. This data is directed to line 122 for comparison with the data
indicated as line
114 from button 100. The qualification of the person operating welder A is
stored in the
chip on button 106. This chip provides welder qualification on line 124 for
comparison to
the qualifications desired as contained in the data on line 116. The use of
lines and gates
explains the operation of the software used to implement the invention.
Tags 102a, 104a and 106a are for identification of the items on the chip. For
instance, tag 102a is sent with a spool of wire E. When the spool is loaded
onto the
welder, the tag is separate so its button 102 can be inserted into receptacle
64. Tag 104a is
removed from the gas supply cylinder, while tag 106 is carried by the person
to do the
welding. When all the buttons identified by the tags are inserted into touch
connector 60,
the welding procedure specification is inputted to controller 20 and the
individual aspects
of the WPS are compared from buttons 102-106 by circuit 110. If there is
coincidence of
data between the desired operation of the welding procedure specification and
the
information buttons 102-106, an enable signal is directed to the controller 20
through line
12. This line also inputs other information relating to the WPS to be
performed by welder
A. This data bypasses the disable circuit 110. Welder A is controlled by
parameters from
the WPS. If welder A
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is not capable of performing the desired parameters loaded into memory button
100, controller 20
does not initiate welding. The invention does not relate to the secondary
discrimination feature.
By merely inserting buttons 100-106 into the touch connector, the process to
be performed
by welder A is selected and system 10 assures that the proper wire or
electrode, shielding gas and
operator are brought together for the purposes of successful welding. System
10 primarily relates
to the coordination of buttons 100-106; however, when the other parameters of
the WPS are inputted
into controller 20, the controller also determines whether welder A can
perform the desired welding
operation. Thus, by merely using a series of buttons inserted into a touch
connector, welder A is set
to perform the desired welding operation and is enabled when the desired
coincidence are realized
14 by the buttons 100-106. Of course, the disable circuit is illustrated in
logic form; however, it is
performed by a microprocessor in digital program language.
System 10a shown in FIGURE 2 is a slight modification of the system 10 in
FIGURE 1. The
welding procedure specification loaded into the chip of memory button 100 is
again received by
receptacle 62 to load the desired digital information in memory 90 for
outputti-ng as represented by
line 92. This information is directed through line 12 into controller 20,
except for the portion to be
compared by disabling circuit 110 with the information to be directed by
system 10a through
receptacles 64-68. Disabling circuit 110 has logic gates 130 with first inputs
112-116 from the data
on the chip of button 100. In this system, buttons 200, 202, 204 correspond to
the items of buttons
102, 104, 106, respectively, of FIGURE 1. However, the digital data on the
chips within these
buttons merely include an identification code. These codes activate the memory
210 to output the
---~- 't~~l-~tr~ie~ea~sptoJthe shred inf.~ation on buttons 102-104 into
circuit
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110. The coded information on button 100 causes memory device 210 to output
digital information
indicative of the welding wire or electrode E on line 120. In a like manner,
the code on the chip of
button 102 causes memory device 210 to output the necessary information
regarding the shielding
gas on line 122. The qualifications of the operator can be identified by a
code in the chip of memory
button 204. However, in practice, it has been found difficult to store
qualifications at the welder;
therefore, in practice, buttons 200, 202 are provided with identification
codes for the wire and
shielding gas. Actual qualification code is contained in the chip of button
204 for comparison with
the desired qualifications of an operator to perform the specific welding
process stored in the chip
of button 100. The embodiment of FIGURE 2 is only a modification of the system
10 to allow the
use of identifying codes for memory addresses as opposed to the actual digital
information. In any
event, the invention uses a memory button so data is compared to the
requirement of the welding
procedure specification. Preferably, the WPS is on the chip of a memory
button.
In FIGURE 3, a schematic layout of touch connector 60 is illustrated with its
receptacles 62-
68. The welding procedure specification is outputted through line 222 into a
pass-through and
discriminating circuit 220. Parameters for the welding process are passed
through circuit 220 as
indicated by line 224 for storage in register 228. This information is
communicated by line 230 to
controller 20 to govern operation of welder A. In the meantime, the enable
line 226 is disabled
whenever the information on lines 240, 242 or 244 is not consistent with the
corresponding digital
data on line 222. Consequently, data on Line 230 includes the weld parameters,
as well as the enable
signal for welder A so it can perform the desired welding procedure
specification contained on the
-----~lrip~fhuttolri-$g-Age,-tn~raw~ng_d~,ic c coftware 'implementation.
FIGURES 1 3 are .
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schematic representations of the basic concept used in the invention. A series
of
receptacles receive digital information from memory buttons to program a
welder for
performance of a specific welding procedure specification. In doing so,
certain externally
controlled items or additions are required, such as wire or electrode,
shielding gas and an
operator. Additional memory buttons are used to input digital information
regarding such
items or additions to prevent operation of welder A, except in accordance with
the
preselected WPS.
The proposed commercial implementation of the present invention is set forth
in
FIGURE 4. Controller 300 of welder A has input logic so data can be inputted
from
buttons 100, 102 and 104 in receptacles 62-68, respectively, of touch
connector 60. This
data is processed by process control logic 302 that receives the digital data
as indicated by
lines 310, 312, and 314 from interfaces 310a, 312a and 314a, respectively.
These
interfaces convert the digital data from the chip carried by the buttons for
use by process
control logic 302. As so far described, buttons 100 and 106 are inserted into
receptacles
62 and 68, respectively, to direct digital data into process control logic
302. This control
logic performs the operations as explained in association with the schematic
representations in FIGURES 1-3. In practice, buttons 100, 106 are loaded and
buttons
102, 104 are earned by the welding consumables, i.e. wire and gas. As shown in
FIGURE
4, buttons 100, 102 can be loaded by a web server or computer 320 that stores
the many
weld procedure specifications in memory 322 and the qualification of the many
operators
in memory 324. To load the digital data to the chip on button 100, a work
order selector
330 in computer 320 directs logic by line 332. This logic is compared with the
welding
procedure specifications in memory 322 available on line 324. The specific
work order
selects the desired WPS from line 324 by address device 340. The WPS is then
outputted
on line 342. This digital data is used to program the chip of button 100. In a
like manner,
button 106 is programmed by the data on line 324a from memory 324. Of course,
the
buttons are programmed and then used on touch connector attached to and
communicating
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CA 02454087 2005-04-21
with controller 300. During the welding process, the fact that a specific
process has been
performed is outputted to the WRITE portion of the READ/WRITE chip of button
106.
Therefore, the fact that the operator performed a specific welding procedure
on a specific
date is recorded in the chip of button 106. This information is then
transmitted to
computer or web server 320. This is done by connecting button 106 to line 350.
This line
is not part of the button earned by a proposed operator. The update of memory
324 is
normally done by bringing the button back to the computer or web server. This
new
information is then stored in memory 352 which stores the history of the
various persons
performing welding operations. Computer 320 uses the new information to update
data in
memory 324. Lines 324a, 342 and 350 are not permanently connected to buttons
100,
106. They are representative in nature as transmitting of information back and
forth from
the computer to the button for programming or updating.
Control of the information on buttons 100, 106 can be directly introduced into
controller 300 through an ethernet network 360. In this instance, data on line
324a is
communicated through line 362 and the data on line 342 is communicated through
line
364. These lines are interfaced by network 370 with the process button
interface 310a.
Thus, the welding procedure specification WPS is loaded into process control
logic 302
through network interface 370, as indicated by dashed line 372. The particular
operator
qualification and identification is directed from line 362 into the non-
volatile memory 374
where a real time clock 376 dates and time codes the information for updating
qualifications of the specific operator. The updated information is
transmitted back
through line 362 and ethernet network 360 to line 380, corresponding with
feedback line
350. Thus, data normally inserted by buttons 100, 106 is processed by the
Internet, a local
ethernet network or by the buttons. Consumables, such as wire and gas, are
always
inputted to process control logic 302 by memory buttons 102, 104. Other
variations of
button or ethernet communication can be made without departing from the
intended spirit
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and scope of the invention. However, the invention relates to the use of
memory buttons
for identifying such items as wire and gas.
The welder B shown in FIGURE 5 has controller 400 for outputting a normal
command signal 402 to operate power supply 410 for performing a welding
process
between electrode or wire E and workpiece W. The electrode is shown as a wire
provided
by spool 420 through rolls 422 driven by motor 424 in accordance with the
outputs of
microprocessor 426 as determined by the digital signal on line 428. In
accordance with
standard practice, current feedback 430 directs a voltage representing the
current. This
feedback signal Ia appears on line 432. In a like manner, voltage feedback 440
directs a
voltage on line 442 representing the output voltage Va across the arc of the
welding
operation. A wave shape generator 450 includes a mode select line 452 for
directing the
necessary current or voltage waveform to controller 400 for the operation of
welder B. As
so far described, welder B is somewhat standard and is controlled by a wave
shape similar
to the Power Wave welder sold by The Lincoln Electric Company of Cleveland,
Ohio. To
assure that the necessary welding procedure specification WPS is performed by
welder B
for a specific application, welder B is provided with novel network 500
including memory
buttons 502, 504, 506, 508 and 510. These memory buttons are mounted in
receptacles on
a touch connector and include internal IC chips loaded with appropriate
digital data as
explained so far. The process to be performed by welder B is contained in the
chip of
button 502 which is received in a receptacle to load the digital data into
memory 520.
Memory 520 outputs the wire feed speed WFS on line 428 and the wave shape mode
on
line 452. The rest of the parameters are directed to controller 400 through
line 524. In
this manner, as long as the welder is capable of performing the process of
button 502,
necessary data is entered into the controller and/or the inputs for the wire
feed speed and
wave shape selector. Digital data in the chip of button 504 is directed
through line 504a to
disable circuit 540. In a like manner, the digital data for the shielding gas
from button 506
is directed through line 506a to circuit 540. The necessary preheat or post
heat is
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contained as digital data loaded into the chip of button S 10. This
information is directed to
network or circuit 540 as indicated by line S 10a. The data on lines 504a,
506a and S 10a is
compared with corresponding digital data directed to circuit 540 as indicated
by line 530.
If the digital data corresponds and is appropriate therefor to perform the WPS
of button
502, an enable signal is directed by line 550 to gate 552 having an output 554
connected to
the enable terminal of controller 400. Qualifications of the particular
operator for welder
B are contained on the chip of button 508. Thus, qualification information is
directed by
network 562 through line 560 as the second input of gate 552. Thus, if an
appropriate
operator is designated and the desired wire, gas and heat is being processed,
controller 400
operates in accordance with the commands in line 522. Of course, the network
is
illustrated by logic diagrams; however, they are performed in practice as
software
processed by a digital processing device in accordance with standard welding
technology.
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In one aspect of the invention, the WFS is loaded into the logic at the enable
portion of
controller 400 and only memory buttons 504 and 506 are used. The rest of the
WPS is assumed to
be met. Also, the WPS can be loaded into the control logic with only button
508 being interrogated.
Then the welder is operated normally, but an operator with the needed
qualifications must insert his
S or her personal memory button into the proper receptacle to enable operation
of the welder.
Further aspects of the invention are illustrated in FIGURE 6 wherein control
system 600 is
associated with the commercial implementation shown in FIGURE 4. As
represented by block 602,
a welding procedure specification is loaded by a digital interface into
section 604 of the controller
used by the welder. Section 604 uses logic such as networks 610, 612 for
assuring that specific
parameters of the loaded WPS are matched. These logic networks are
representative. Network 610
is used to process a parameter set by a weldor, such as travel speed inputted
at station 620 of robot
622 and communicated to network 610 as represented by line 624. The WPS has a
travel rate that
is to be limited between a high value and a low value represented by standard
high/low circuit 630.
The actual travel speed is measured by sensor 632 riding along workpiece W and
is communicated
to line 624 by way of line 634. Data corresponding to the weldor selected
speed from station 620
and to the actual speed sensed by probe 632 are transmitted as digital
information to network 610.
If the selected speed is not proper, comparator 640 activates disable circuit
642 to disable the welder.
As an alternative, if the selected speed is not proper, circuit 620 will limit
the travel speed at control
line 650 to a value between the set high and Iow values. As a further
alternative for concurrent use,
the actual feed speed from probe 632 will be recorded at block 652 for a
history of the weld feed
-speed-ding a ~r~eld prncsss._ Tie feed speed can be communicated to
section_604 by a data entry
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device 660. The data entry directs data to robot 622 by line 660a or directly
to section 604 or
network 612 by alternate line 660b. Another concept of the invention involves
a probe 670 to detect
an external condition, such as preheat of the workpiece or weld bead. The
probed characteristic,
such as temperature, is sensed by probe 670 which normally touches the
workpiece or bead. The
S data is transmitted to section 604 as indicated by line 672 and/or to robot
622 by line 674. The
sensed data is communicated directly to section 604 or network 612 by line
672. This data passes
through robot 622 by line 674. The sensed data is process by logic, indicated
as gate 680, to
compare the sensed characteristics with a range forming a feature of the
loaded WPS. If the
characteristic is not within the WPS range, circuit 682 disables the welder.
The logic and circuits
shown in FIGURE 6 are implemented by software in a digital processing device
associated with the
controller of the arc welder.
Another novel use of welding procedure specifications (WPS) is shown as
control system
700 of FIGURE 7. The weld station or'robot utilizing system 700 includes a
power supply 710 and
external drive devices 712, 714. Drive A is for the wire feed speed and drive
B is for the travel
speed of the robot at the weld station. Power supply 710 receives command
signal 720 from
controller 730. The controller also creates command signal 722 for drive A and
724 for drive B.
In accordance with standard practice, the power supply includes a feedback
loop 726 for reading the
output arc current and arc voltage as indicated by Iine 728. A section of the
digital processing device
of controller 730 is loaded with the welding procedure specification from
storage or memory device
732. As illustrated, an aspect of the welding procedure specification (WPS) is
the constraints for
external conditions; such a.~ arc~currerrt arc voltage; mire fe-,ed speed
and~ra~rel speed. _ The logic
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network 740 is representative piocess logic for data loaded from memory device
732. A logic
network 740 is provided for each of the external conditions of the welding
operation contained in
the welding procedure specification. Only one of these logic networks is
explained; however, it
applies to various external conditions. An operator at the weld station
selects the level of the
external condition which set level is communicated to the logic network 740 in
controller 730 as
indicated by line 750. The command data on line 750 comes from a data entry
station or from the
robot as shown in FIGURE 6. This selected set level is then processed by a -
logic network
schematically shown as network 740. This network processes the data set on
line 750 as previously
described by employing a standard high/low circuit 760 by data on input line
762. In this section
of network 740, the set.level on line 750 is compared with a high and low
level in the WPS. If the
set level is too high, it is reduced to the high Ievel in output line 764. In
a like manner, if the selected
set level is too low, it is increased to the low level of circuit 760. If the
selected level on line 750
is appropriate under the WPS, it is merely passed through to line 764 through
a command portion
770 of network 740. In the situation previously described, welder power supply
710 may be disabled
when the selected set level on line 750 deviates from the level or value
contained in memory device
732. This is indicated by disable circuit 772. If the set level on line 750 is
controlled by circuit 760
or is merely passed through by circuit 770, network 740 is programmed to allow
recording of the
actual processed level. Block 780 is set to record the condition by select
circuit 782 of logic network
740. Thus, the level on line 750 actuates logic network 740 to provide an
action signal which either
reduces the set level, passes the set level, or disables the welder. In
instances where appropriate, the
action -signal- also-activates- a ~ecoFding-operation .fog the -particular
external condition being
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processed. Of course, other logic networks could be used for implementing the
welding procedure
specification in accordance with the set level on line 750. As so far
explained, command signals on
lines 720, 722 and 724 instruct the power supply and the various drives in
accordance with the
corresponding parameters from the welding procedure specification in memory
device 732.
During welding, the external conditions are sensed on a real time basis. The
arc current and
arc voltage are sensed and communicated to control block 790 by line 728. In a
like manner, the
sensed values of external conditions, such as travel speed and wire feed
speed, are communicated
to control block 790 from sensors 792 on line 794. If the system has been set
to record for one or
more of the external conditions, control block 790 records the real time
values for external
conditions for which block 780 has been selected. Control block 790 is in the
section of controller
730 receiving data from memory device 732. As indicated before, the welding
procedure
specification (WPS) loaded from device 732 includes values for the various
external conditions. A
deviation such as the high and low values in circuit 760 can be tolerated.
These same high and low
levels for the external conditions are used by block 790 for comparison with
the actual real time
conditions from lines 728, 794. If the actual values are improper, control
block 790 disables the
power supply 710. Control system 700 is a further aspect of the present
invention and is performed
by software in controller 730 and/or by a program and data loaded into the
controller through use
of memory devices 732. In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the
invention, memory
device 732 is a memory button having a chip loaded with the digital data
indicative of a specific
welding procedure specification. The details of the software are set forth in
the block diagram and
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can be varied to accomplish the desired operation for the novel method and
system of the present
invention.
The invention involves loading a welding procedure specification (WPS) into a
section of
the-controller used to control the weld process at a weld station. The weld
station preferably is a .
robot combined with the electric arc welder. By using the present invention,
certain items in a
welding procedure specification which are not met in the welding operation
will disable the welder.
In practice, these disabling items include the electrode specification,
electrode classification, and
electrode diameter of the wire. These items are loaded into the system by a
memory button having
a chip loaded with the data relating to the wire. A wrong wire disables the
welder. The welder can
be deactivated by an operator selecting the wrong welding process or the wrong
electrical
characteristics, such as polarity. These disabling items of the welding
procedure specification are
sensed by the controller. Data entry or external sensors also detect the joint
type and the
specification of the base metal. If either of these items do not conform with
the welding procedure
specification, the welder is disabled. As was the case with the memory button
for the welding wire
being used in the weld process, the shielding gas, by type and flow rate, is
also loaded as data on a
memory button. If this gas data is improper, the welder is disabled. As so far
described, items of
the welding procedure specification inputted to the controller either conform
with the WPS or the
error disables the welder. These items have been discussed in connection with
several embodiments
of the invention.
External conditions as explained in FIGURE 7 may disable the welder if set
improperly or
- - ~ - -are imp-reper-during the ~veld~ing.grocess._ These external
conditions are arc.current, arc_voltage,
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travel speed, and wire feed speed. An external condition, such as welding
position, which is set by
the operator and then sensed is also an external condition which must be
adjusted to be within
preselected limits. Travel speed and welding orientation are conditions and
WPS items obtained
from external sensors or feedback from the robot itself As explained in
connection with FIGURE
6, an exteinal sensor, usually of the touch type, reads the heat of the
workpiece or the heat of a
previously created welding bead. This is an external condition which can be
processed by system
700 shown in FIGURE 7. If the temperature of the workpiece is within the high
and low level, the
welding process can gioceed. If it is beyond these limits, this may be
recorded and the welding
operation may be disabled. All of these operating features of various welding
procedure
specifications are loaded into the controller and processed to assure that the
welding process is
within the WPS. Of course, the specification need not include all of the
attributes available in all
welding procedure specifications. Other features not so far described could be
incorporated in such
specifications and processed in accordance with the present invention.
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