Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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TITLE: BANKNOTE ACCUMULATOR
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to banknote
accumulators and in particular, relates to an improved
banknote accumulator designed to operate within a
financial transaction device.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
There is a continuing effort to streamline and
improve the efficiency of completing a financial
transaction involving the exchange of paper currency.
These financial transactions include typical bank teller
type applications where the bank teller may receive
certain banknotes for deposit or receive a request for
providing the customer with banknotes, to retail
applications regarding the purchase of a product or
service to automated non-attended financial transactions
such as banking machines, vending machines, and gaming
machines. To a great extent, the economy is still based
on the exchange of paper currency to complete financial
transactions.
Vending machines and gaming machines are two
examples where banknote validators have been used to
basically receive banknotes from users conduct an
examination of the banknote as part of a decision to
accept or reject the banknote and to store in a banknote
cassette any received banknotes. Depending upon the
particular application, these devices can be associated
with coin dispensers for providing any change to the user
to complete the financial transaction. Devices of this
type have also been designed to accept.Various types of
cards, such as credit cards, debit cards, cheque cards,
etc. as an alternate form of payment or payout.
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In some applications such as automatic teller
machines used for banking applications, the device
includes a store of preloaded banknotes which are
available for dispensing to the user. Such teller
machines require frequent service particularly to
replenish the supply of banknotes. Although such bank
teller machines have been designed to accept deposits,
including a deposit of banknotes, such deposits have
typically been placed in an envelope and are separately
processed and again, require frequent service to remove
and allow confirm of the deposits.
Other financial transaction machines have been
proposed where banknote accumulators are included and
these accumulators capable of receiving and storing
banknotes for subsequent transactions. These financial
transaction machines include a banknote validator and a
processing arrangement to decide whether banknotes
received as part of a financial transaction should be
temporarily stored in the banknote accumulator and may be
available for future dispensing. Such financial
transaction machines which are capable of receiving
banknotes in banknote accumulators require less service
as there is the possibility that received banknotes are
effectively recycled. Machines of this type have
particular application in vending and gaming applications
or other applications where banknotes are being provided
to the machine for credit towards a product or service.
One of the problems associated with recycling of
banknotes which have already been validated by the device
is the wide variance in the quality of banknotes in
general circulation. Thus the quality of the banknote
being recycled can vary and there have been problems with
respect to accumulators becoming jammed or inoperative
and as such, not reliable. Unfortunately this increases
the downtown of the machine and it also severely reduces
the number of appropriate applications as the user
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basically accepted that the device would function and has
inserted certain banknotes into the device. Should there
be a problem with the transaction, the device must be
capable of returning the inserted banknotes or a service
personnel must be available to intervene and provide
appropriate compensation to the user.
The present invention provides an improved
banknote accumulator which addresses a number of problems
described above.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A banknote accumulator according to the present
invention comprises a housing having a banknote slot
through which banknotes are received, and a winding drum
within the housing and rotatably drivable for winding of
banknotes thereon. Guide tapes are attached to the
winding drum and form a transition for guiding a banknote
onto or off of the winding drum and through the banknote
slot. A drive arrangement rotatably drives the winding
drum in a banknote receiving direction to wind a banknote
and the tapes about the winding drum and rotatably drives
the winding drum in a banknote dispensing direction to
dispense a last received banknote on the winding drum
with the tapes guiding said last received banknote from
the winding drum through the banknote slot. The drive
arrangement additional drives the guide tapes to
accumulate the guide tapes as the tapes are unwound from
the winding drum during dispensing of the last to be
received banknote. The housing has at least one
transparent observation panel sized to allow visual
inspection of the winding drum and the guide tapes
through the housing.
According to an aspect of the invention the
housing includes end panels and side panels with the side
panels being transparent.
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According to a further aspect of the invention,
the housing includes optical elements which directs light
from an optical transmitter towards a banknote for
reflection to an optical receiver where the optical
transmitter and the optical receiver are on the same side
of the banknote.
In an aspect of the invention, the housing is
rearwardly angled adjacent the banknote slot and forms a
wedged shaped housing configuration centered on the
banknote slot.
In a further aspect of the invention, the
accumulator includes a speed sensing arrangement for
measuring banknote receiving and banknote dispensing
speed.
In a preferred aspect of the invention, the
accumulator includes a speed sensing arrangement which
measures tape speed adjacent the banknote slot.
In yet a further aspect of the invention, the
banknote accumulator includes an electrical signal
processing arrangement and an electrical signal
transmission arrangement through which operational
information of the accumulator is transmitted.
In a different aspect of the invention, the
banknote accumulator includes a self contained power
supply and memory means for recording of sensed changes
to the accumulator after removal from a financial
transaction device.
In an aspect of the invention, the housing has a
releasable panel movable from a closed position defining
an operating configuration of said housing to an open
service position providing access to the interior of the
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housing. Preferably, a latch arrangement maintains said
releasable panel is said closed position.
The present invention comprises a banknote
accumulator according to a housing having a banknote slot
through which banknotes are received, a winding drum
within the housing and rotatably drivable for winding of
banknotes thereon, guide tapes attached to the winding
drum and forming a transition for guiding a banknote onto
or off of the winding drum and through the banknote slot,
a drive arrangement for rotatably driving the winding
drum. The drive arrangement drives the winding drum in a
banknote receiving direction to wind a banknote and the
tapes about the winding drum and rotatably drives the
winding drum in a banknote dispensing direction to
dispense a last received banknote on the winding drum
with the tapes guiding the last received banknote from
the winding drum through said banknote slot. The drive
arrangement additional drives the guide tapes to
accumulate the guide tapes as the tapes are unwound from
the winding drum during dispensing of the last to be
received banknote. The accumulator includes a plurality
of electrical sensors which measure and detect operating
conditions of the accumulator and an electrical signal
processor for analyzing the signals of the sensors and to
communicate with a remote financial transaction processor
through an electrical connection associated with the
housing and through which power is provided to the
accumulator.
In an aspect of the invention, the banknote
accumulator includes separate power means and memory
means associated with the electrical signal processor for
recording of changes to the accumulator when power is not
provided thereto through the electrical connection.
In an aspect of the invention, the electrical
connection is spring mounted.
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In a further aspect of the invention, the
accumulator includes electrical sensors for detecting a
banknote in said banknote slot and the speed of the
banknote in said banknote slot.
In a different aspect of the invention, the
electrical signal processor transmits speed information
of a banknote being received or being dispensed through
the electrical connection which speed information is used
to externally adjust the speed of said drive arrangement.
Preferably, the housing includes a transparent
panel forming part of a banknote sensing arrangement.
In an aspect of the invention, the transparent
panel forms part of a light sensor used to detect the
presence of a banknote in the banknote slot.
In a further aspect of the invention, the transparent
panel is hingedly attached to the accumulator and is
movable between a closed position allowing viewing of
components interior to the housing and an open position
providing access to components interior to the housing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown
in the drawings, wherein:
Figure 1A is a side elevation of a financial
transaction machine;
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the banknote
accumulator;
Figure 2 is a partial sectional view showing
various components of the banknote accumulator;
Figure 3 is a partial perspective view showing the
interior working components of the banknote accumulator;
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Figure 4 is a side view of the banknote
accumulator showing the drive mechanism showing the
components of the accumulator;
Figure 5 is a side view similar to Figure 4 with
the drive operating to dispense a banknote;
Figure 6 is a partial perspective view showing the
banknote entry slot to the accumulator;
Figure 7 is a partial schematic view showing part
of the banknote slot and a sensing arrangement associated
therewith;
Figures 8 and 9 are partial views of the banknote
slot showing the banknote sensing arrangement;
Figure 10 is a partial perspective view showing a
speed measurement arrangement associated with a
separating tape of the device;
Figure 11 is a partial top view showing the taped
speed sensing arrangement;
Figure 12 is a partial end view showing the
sensing arrangement in a position indicating the
accumulator is full;
Figure 13 is a view similar to Figure 12 with the
sensing arm indicating that the accumulator can later
receive further banknotes;
Figure 14 is a partial perspective view showing
the end of the separating tapes which are of a special
configuration for simple sensing thereof;
Figure 15 is a partial end view showing the spring
mount of an electrical connector to one side of the
banknote accumulator;
Figure 16 is a view similar to Figure 15 with the
connector in its normal position; and
Figure 17 is a partial perspective view of the
electrical connection of Figures 15 and 16.
SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A financial transaction system 1 shown in Figure
1A includes a frame 13 which releasably secures various
components of the system. Banknotes are fed through the
validator 3 and are discharged from the validator
adjacent the rear thereof and moved along a discharge
path. This discharge path is essentially vertical and
passes through the rotary switches 7. Banknote
accumulators 2 are selectively connected via the rotary
switches 7 to the banknote discharge path. In this way,
any received banknote can be fed to any of the
accumulators to the banknote dispenser 5 and the banknote
stacking cassette 15. Each of the accumulators 2 is
releasably received in the frame 13 after the frame has
been basically opened along the discharge path.
Banknotes, once authenticated by the validating
head 3, can be selectively stored in any of the
accumulators 2 and can be returned to the user through
the dispenser 5 if the banknote is found to be rejected,
and can be fed to the banknote cassette 15. Basically,
the accumulators allow for recirculating of the banknotes
whereas the banknote cassette 15 does not have the
capability to return the banknote to the discharge path.
Motor drives for each of the accumulators 2 are provided
along side the discharge path. Banknotes can also be fed
between accumulators.
Details of the accumulator 2 are shown in Figure
1. Each accumulator has an enclosed housing defined by
the non transparent side panels 2 and transparent
portions defined by the hinged panel 8 and the fixed
clear wrap panel 10 which extends around the accumulator
and basically meets with the hinged panel 8. The clear
panels 8 and 10 allow visual inspection of the interior
of the accumulator and the working components thereof.
Banknotes are fed to the accumulator through the banknote
slot 4 and the accumulator is driven by the drive
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arrangement 6 to either draw a banknote into the
accumulator or to dispense a previously received banknote
from the accumulator. The banknote slot 4 is defined
between the flanged end 9 of the hinged panel 8 and the
flanged end 11 of the panel 10.
Figure 2 and Figure 3 illustrate the internal
workings of the accumulator. A banknote 12 is being fed
into the accumulator and wound on the drum 20. The
accumulator has two tapes 22 which engage the lower
surface of the banknote 12 and two tapes 26 which engage
the upper surface of the banknote. As can be
appreciated, these tapes and the banknote are then wound
on the drum 20. Each of the tapes 22 has a tape reel 24
holding a certain length of tape and tapes 26 have supply
reels 28. Each of the tapes 22 and 26 are secured to the
drum 20 and are wound onto the drum when the drum is
driven in a manner to receive banknotes. In this way,
banknotes are serially wound on the drum 20 and are
separated from previously received banknotes and later
received banknotes by means of the tapes 22 and 26.
These tapes also serve to control the banknote as it is
being fed to the winding drum 20 and to control the
banknote as it is being dispensed from the winding drum
and guided out of the accumulator through a banknote
slot.
Figure 2 also shows how the hinged panel 8 can be
released and pivoted outwardly to provide better access
to the banknote feed point between the rollers 62 and 66.
Each of the tapes 22 and 26 can have a number of guide
rollers such as rollers 60 and 64 to provide guidance of
the tape as it is wound onto the drum or as the tapes are
wound onto the supply reels 24 or 28.
The accumulator 2 shown in Figure 4 has a
rearwardly angling wall 31 which provides space for
connecting with the drive motor 40 which is part of the
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financial transaction device 1. Each of the accumulators
is adapted to be releasably secured within the device and
connect with a motor for driving of the accumulator by
means of the drive train 6. As shown in Figure 4, the
motor 40 includes a drive gear 41 in mesh with gear 42
which in turn drives gear 43 connected to the winding
drum 20 via an overrunning clutch 43a. Thus the winding
drum 20 is controlled and driven by the motor 40 which is
a reversible motor.
Figure 4 shows the drive train rotating to receive
the banknote 46. In this embodiment, the counter
clockwise drive of the motor 40 and gear 41, is rotating
gear 42 in a clockwise direction and is rotating gear 43
in a counterclockwise direction. Gear 43 has an over
running clutch 43a which can overrun but only with
respect to a clockwise rotation of gear 43. With the
rotation shown in Figure 4, gear 43 is rotating and is in
mesh with gear 44 causing rotation thereof. Gear 44 is
in mesh with gear 45 and is rotating gear 45.
The drive gear 45 is connected to the drive shaft
45b through a overrunning clutch 45a. As shown in Figure
5 overrunning clutch 45a is engaged and drives shaft 45b
when gear 45 is rotated in a clockwise direction. Gear 47
is fixed on shaft 45b and is on the opposite side of the
accumulator. Gears 151 and 155 are also on the opposite
side of the accumulator. V~hen gear 45 is rotated
counterclockwise all gears are being driven and supply
reels 24 and 28 are rotated to wind the tapes during
dispensing of a banknote.
During receipt of a banknote, as shown in Figure
4, the winding drum 20 draws each of the tapes 22 and 26
from their supply reels. The supply reels can slip on
their shafts due to a separate friction clutch
arrangement associated with each reel. In this way a
certain amount of tension is maintained on the tapes as
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they are being wound onto the winding drum 20. As can be
appreciated, the actual speed of the tapes is determined
by the motor 40 and the diameter of the accumulated tapes
and banknotes wound on the winding drum 20. The mere
withdrawing of the tapes with a friction drag simplifies
the gearing arrangement for the accumulator.
During receiving of a banknote as shown in Figure
4 the overrunning clutch 45a is allowing gear 45 to
rotate counterclockwise while shaft 45b is stationary.
Gear 47 is stationary. The overrunning clutch 153 is on
the same side of the housing as gear 45 and is attached
to the housing and to shaft 151b. The external body of
the overrunning clutch is secured to the wall of the
accumulator and the internal ring of the clutch is
connected to shaft 151b. With this arrangement shaft
151b can rotate counterclockwise but is locked against
clockwise rotation. This also serves to lock gear 47
against counterclockwise rotation and lock gear 155
against clockwise rotation.
Therefore during receipt of a banknote overrunning
clutches 45a and 153 hold gears 151, 47 and 155
stationary. Gears 41, 42, 43, 44 and 45 are rotating as
a function of the motor speed. Tapes 22 and 26 are being
withdrawn as a function of the winding drum 20.
Figure 5 shows the accumulator when driven in a
manner to dispense a banknote previously wound onto the
drum 20. Connected to gear 45 is gear 47 by means of the
one way clutch 45a. Gear 47 drives gear 151 and 155 to
wind the tapes. This is an overdrive relationship of the
reels 24 and 28 that is acceptable due to the friction
clutch of the reels with their respective shafts. This
overdrive arrangement assures that regardless of the
speed of the tapes as a banknotes is being dispensed, the
drive arrangement will be sufficient to take up all of
the tape and to provide a positive tension force thereon.
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When the diameter of banknotes and tapes on the drum
decreases, the necessary drive of the tapes will be
slower and therefore there will be more clutch slippage.
The tapes 22 and 26 guide the banknotes as they
are being dispensed from the drums 20 and feed the
banknote through the banknote slot 4. As can be seen,
the guide rollers 51 and 53 are closely positioned
adjacent the banknote slot 6 and a banknote will still be
partially wound on the drum as it departs through the
banknote slot 6. Thus control over the banknote is
maintained during dispensing of a banknote as well as
during receiving of a banknote.
The gears of the drive train 6 connecting motor 40
and the reels 24 and 28 are all rotating during
dispensing of a banknote. One way clutch 153 is slipping
allowing gear 151 to rotate the associated drive shaft.
The overrunning clutch 43a serves a different
purpose. A handle 157 shown in Figure 1 is used to
rotate the gear train by hand when the accumulator is out
of the financial transaction machine. During unloading
of banknotes, the ends of the tapes are fixed to the
reels and form an end stop position. Continued rotation
of the drive train could break the tapes. The
overrunning clutch 43a and 45a allow continued rotation
of gear 44 on its own when this condition occurs thus
protecting the accumulator from inadvertent damage.
It is desirable to coordinate the speed of the
banknote as it is being fed to the accumulator 2 while it
is still being driven in the discharge path associated
with the financial transaction device 1. The motor 40 is
separately controlled and is adjusted as a function of
the sensed tape speed 22 or 26 to match the banknote feed
speed.
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To provide control of the motor 40, certain
information is sensed by the accumulator. In particular,
as shown in Figures 6 through 9, the transparent panel 8
and the transparent panel 10 at the flanges 9 and 11,
cooperate to allow sensing of the leading and trailing
edge of a banknote as it is received or dispensed from
the accumulator. The transparent panels are particularly
helpful for problem solving when operating difficulties
are encountered. It can be recognized that although
these transparent panels are preferred non transparent
panels can be used. The transparent panels when
transparent can have built in lenses for the light
transmitter and receiver.
As shown in Figure 7, a circuit board 90 is
secured interior to the accumulator and is attached to
the transparent panel 10. The processing board includes
an optical output 92 that generates and directs a beam of
light 101 into the banknote path. If a banknote is
present some of this light is reflected off the banknote
surface and is received by the optical receiver 102. If
there is no banknote the light is transmitted across the
channel and will strike the angled notch 93. This notch
in the hinged panel 8 serves to prevent direct reflection
of the light from the hinged panel 8 to the optical
receiver 102. Thus if a banknote is not present no
appreciable light is received by the optical receiver.
A banknote motion sensor 107 is located between
the optical transmitter 92 and the optical receiver 102.
This motion sensor senses the leading and trailing edges
of the banknote as they pass the sensor as well as
movement of the banknote past the sensor. Preferably
this sensor is an air pressure sensing type as disclosed
in our co-pending US application SN 10/191,465 entitled
Motion Sensor for Flat Objects filed July 10 2002 which
is incorporated herein by reference. This sensor is on
one side of the banknote path and senses air turbulence
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associated with the movement of the banknote through the
banknote channel.
Associated with the flanges 9 and 11 are a number
of projecting tabs 95 and 97 which assist in transferring
the banknote from the rotary switch to the accumulator or
from the accumulator to the rotary switch. The circuit
board 90 also includes an electrical connector 99 which
provides power to the circuit board and also allows the
transmission of signals from the processor board to the
transaction device 1. Also associated with the
processing board 90 is a further optical generator and
receiver where the light emitted by the transmitter
strikes one of the tapes 22. As shown in Figure 14, tape
22 includes an end portion 23 having substantially
different light reflecting properties. In particular, it
is preferred that this portion of the tape be black and
the remaining portion of the tape be highly reflective.
The portion of the tape that is black is of a length
greater than a banknote and as such, the accumulator can
sense that the tape is almost at its maximum length.
Light which has previously been reflecting off the tape
22 is basically scattered by the black portion or more or
less absorbed by the black portion 23 such that the
accumulator knows that the tape is approaching the end
position. In this way the accumulator will advise the
transaction device and no further banknotes will be
received by the accumulator until certain banknotes have
been dispensed therefrom.
Figures 10 and 11 illustrate a speed arrangement
for sensing of the speed of the tape 22 and 24 as it
passes over the idler roller 53. The idler roller 53 is
firmly connected to the shaft 81 and causes rotation of
the speed sensing wheel 83. As can be seen, the wheel 83
has a slotted peripheral edge and a light receiver
transmitter arrangement 85 is associated with the slotted
edge. The projections on the wheel interrupt a light
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beam between the light sensing arrangement and causes a
pause with each movement of the wheel 83 causing the
projections to interrupt the same. This provides a fine
incremental signal used to measure the speed of the tape
22. This signal is then processed and the motor 40 is
coordinated to effectively match the speed of the tape
with the feed in the banknote drive passageway.
Basically the banknote is being fed to the accumulator at
a more or less predetermined speed and the motor 40 is
adjusted to make sure that the accumulator receives the
banknote at the appropriate speed. The motor 40 is
driven in a stop/start manner and is basically started as
a banknote enters the banknote slot for causing an
interruption of the light beam. The motor quickly brings
the accumulator to speed of the banknote as it is being
received.
Furthermore, this speed arrangement is also used
to bring the banknote to the appropriate speed for
receipt in the passageway. The signals from the speed
sensor are appropriately processed either by circuit
board 90 or are fed to the financial transaction device
over a wire connection 99 associated with the
accumulator. The accumulator includes a side mount
spring loaded connector 115 shown in Figures 15 through
17 for connection with a similar type receiver connector
associated with the transaction device. This spring
loaded connector allows interaction of the two components
to effect the desired electrical connection. The spring
loading allows for some movement of the connector that
may be necessary for proper alignment. It also provides
a spring biased electrical connection. The various
signals from the accumulator are now coordinated with the
control signals of the financial transaction device to
achieve the desired synchronization.
Figures 12 and 13 show a sensing arrangement 171
for determining when the accumulator is essential full
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and should not receive any more banknotes. A light
transmitter 173 generates a beam of light which is
directed across the accumulator. The beam of light
leaves through the lens 175 of the light transmitter 173.
In Figure 12 the banknotes which have been wound on the
winding drum 20 cause an increase in the diameter and
eventually will interrupt the beam of light.
The beam of light in Figure 12 has now been
interrupted by the banknotes stored on the winding drum
20. A light receiver is positioned on the opposite side
of the accumulator and receives the beam of light when
the stored banknotes do not interrupt the beam as shown
in Figure 13. This provides a simple arrangement for
detecting a full condition of the accumulator.
The sensing arrangement of Figures 12 and 13
provide a simple arrangement for sensing a full condition
of the accumulator due to the space required to
accommodate the banknotes wound on the winding drum.
This sensing arrangement is preferred as a mere~count of
received banknotes may not accurately determine the space
requirements and the sensing arrangement is operative
regardless what thickness of banknotes is being
accumulated. As can be appreciated there can be
variances between currencies and even within currencies.
It is preferred that the accumulator be generic and
therefore the sensing of the accumulated banknotes is
preferred to a counting arrangement.
As can be appreciated from the above description,
the banknote accumulator 2 receives banknotes for later.
dispensing and allows effective dispensing of banknotes
to the financial transaction device. The banknote
accumulator senses various properties of the banknotes as
they are being received by the accumulator or dispensed
from the accumulator such than an accurate count is
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maintained. The circuit board 90 also includes its own
memory device to provide information regarding the state
of the accumulator when it is removed from a financial
transaction device and to also record any movement of the
device once it has been connected. A small power supply
is also provided to power the sensors and measure any
movement. This information can be helpful in the event
there is a discrepancy between the number of banknotes in
the accumulator when a technician initially removes it
from the device and what was later provided to the owner.
The transparent housing allows any service personnel to
basically inspect the accumulator and immediately
identify problems associated with the last received
banknotes. This can be very helpful to confirm problems
alleged by a user. As can be appreciated some users will
misrepresent the facts in an attempt for personal gain.
The transparent housing when the accumulator is removed
can be viewed by all parties and reduces disagreements.
The hinged panel 8 which can be opened as
indicated in Figure 2 by means of operating the latch 79
allows for quick correction and perhaps reinstallation of
the accumulator and the transaction device. It also
allows for convenient access from time to time to the
interior components and particularly the pairs of tapes
2 2 and 2 4 .
Although various preferred embodiments of the
present invention have been described herein in detail,
it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, that
variations may be made thereto without departing from the
spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended
claims.
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