Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF ABSORBENT ARTICLES HAVING THE
SHAPE OF PANTS
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to a method for production of absorbent articles having
the shape of pants, said method comprising the production steps of
providing individual absorption cores, securing the absorption cores to an
elastic material web which is advanced continuously in a direction of travel,
cutting out individual articles each comprising an absorption core and a
piece of the elastic material web, and assembling the individual articles to
form a pants shape, the cutting-out step and assembling step giving each
article two leg openings and a waist opening.
BACKGROUND
In the production of disposable absorbent articles, such as absorbent pants,
cost is a critical factor. A disposable article is understood as meaning an
article which is intended to be discarded when used and which is not washed
or otherwise restored for absorption purposes. It is therefore important that
absorbent articles of this type can be produced as easily and as efficiently
as possible, with the least possible material wastage and at the greatest
possible production speed, so that the production cost and subsequently the
sale cost can be kept low.
The main components in absorbent pants are usually an absorption body
which is arranged between two cover sheets, one of which is a liquid barrier
sheet, for example a plastic film, and the other a liquid-permeable cover
sheet, for example a nonwoven sheet. Further components, such as inner
barriers, for example raised edge barriers, arranged in connection with the
liquid-permeable cover sheet, or textile-like outer covers arranged outside
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the liquid barrier sheet can also be present. The absorbent pants are
designed with a front portion which, during use, is directed forwards on the
user and lies across the tatter's groin area, a rear portion which, during
use,
is directed rearwards on the user and lies across the tatter's buttocks, and a
crotch portion which is arranged between the front portion and the rear
portion and is intended to be positioned at the user's crotch. The front
portion, the rear portion and the crotch portion together form absorbent
pants with two leg openings and a waist opening. The absorption body is
usually arranged substantially centrally between the leg openings and
extends at least over the crotch portion. The portions of the absorbent
diapers which, during use, are arranged across the user's hips are generally
free from absorption material. These portions consist, for example, of parts
of one or both of the cover sheets, of a separate outer cover, or of separate
material pieces usually called side panels.
In order to ensure that the absorbent pants will fit a user's body shape and
body size like an article of clothing, and in order to form closure seals
preventing leakage around the leg openings and the waist openings, the
absorbent pants are generally also provided with elastic members in the
form of elastic threads or bands. The elastic threads and bands are
generally secured, in a continuous process and in the stretched state, to one
or more components of the absorbent pants, generally to at least one cover
sheet. By means of securing stretched elastic members, for example to a
cover sheet, it is possible also to give a nonelastic material sheet elastic
properties. The elastic members are kept stretched during production of the
known absorbent pants. When the individual absorbent pants are cut out
from a continuous production web, the stretching of the elastic members
ceases and they are able to gather together into their unstretched state. In
doing so, the components secured to the elastic members are also gathered
together. This means that the finished absorbent pants have a creased
appearance, at least in the areas around the elastic members.
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Securing elastic members to a running material web in a continuous
production process is relatively complicated. The elastic members are
generally secured with adhesive, for example hot-melt adhesive, or setting
adhesive. To ensure that the elastic members do not come loose from the
material web, it is necessary, during the process, to keep the elastic
members bearing against the material web until the adhesive has set, dried
or hardened. This is something which complicates the production process
and adversely affects the production speed. Problems also arise in
synchronizing the tensioning of the different elastic members and in
achieving uniform tensioning of the elastic members independently of the
speed of the running material web. A further difficulty is that of handling
the
finished articles when they have been cut loose from the running material
web, since the articles assume an irregular three-dimensional shape as soon
as the tensioning of the elastic members ceases. Folding and packaging of
the finished articles have additionally proven to be very difficult steps
because of their creased and three-dimensional shape.
In order to achieve a good fit of the known absorbent pants and to allow the
absorbent pants to be used by persons with different body shapes and body
sizes, the absorbent pants are often provided with a large number of elastic
members which run parallel across the front and rear portions of the
absorbent pants. Although such an arrangement functions fairly well from the
technical point of view, the many elastic members give the known absorbent
pants a particularly creased appearance. This is a negative factor for various
reasons. The greatest disadvantage is that it is difficult to conceal
absorbent
pants of this kind under normal clothes, which can be very embarrassing,
especially for adult users of absorbent pants. The creased appearance also
strengthens the immediate impression that the absorbent article is in fact a
diaper, which is perceived as a negative factor by adult incontinence
sufferers. It is therefore desirable to produce absorbent pants which are
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perceived more as underpants than as a diaper. Another disadvantage of
using the creased absorbent pants is that folds and creases can cause
discomfort in the form of chafing and irritation of the user's skin.
A previously known way of achieving an improved fit and of avoiding the use
of a large number of stretched elastic members is to make the side panels of
absorbent pants from elastic material, for example elastic nonwoven, or
elastic laminate. However, the main problem of the absorbent pants with
elastic side panels which have hitherto been proposed is that they are
complicated to produce because they necessitate the handling of separate
elastic material pieces at high production speeds. Moreover, with elastic side
panels, it is possible only to obtain limited size fit and shape fit of the
absorbent pants because large parts of the front portion and rear portion of
the absorbent pants remain nonelastic.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the invention, a method of the type mentioned at the
outset has been obtained which substantially eliminates the problems of
previously known production methods of this kind.
The production method according to the invention is mainly distinguished by
the fact that the elastic material web has an elastic extensibility in the
direction of travel of at least 80%, and preferably at least 100%, and the
elastic material web during production is stretched a maximum of 5% in the
direction of travel of the material web.
Elastic extensibility here refers to the lengthening in the direction of
extension which the material permits without plastically deforming or
bursting. If a material is to be considered as being elastically extensible,
it is
also necessary for the material, when extension ceases, to gather together
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and seek to recover its original extent in the direction of extension. A fully
elastic material returns completely to the unextended state, while a less
elastic material remains slightly stretched even when the stretching force
ceases. For the purposes of the invention, it is expedient that the elastic
5 material web can return to an extent which is at most 150% of the
unstretched material web and preferably at most 120% thereof.
Since the production takes place with the elastic material web in a
substantially unstretched state, it is possible to produce more absorbent
articles per unit of time than has previously been possible. This is because
each article takes up a smaller part of the length of the material web than is
the case when the material web comprises a large amount of surplus
material which is to be creased together to achieve an elastic effect.
The fact that the material web is in a substantially unstretched state means
that the tension in the material web is only so high that the material web is
held bearing against rollers and other parts of the production equipment,
which is necessary to guide and control the advance of the material web.
The material web is preferably stretched a maximum of 3% in the direction of
travel of the material web during production.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the absorption core is
enclosed between a liquid-permeable cover sheet and a liquid-impermeable
cover sheet, after which the absorption core is secured with the liquid-
impermeable cover sheet towards the elastic material web. Thus, according
to this embodiment, a core pack is produced which is secured on an elastic
outer cover which, after cutting and assembling, forms elastic outer pants
supporting the core pack. For reasons of comfort, it is expedient that such
outer pants have a textile or textile-like character, i.e. consist of fibre
material, or of material with fibre character. The elastic material web is
advantageously an elastic nonwoven.
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According to another embodiment of the invention, the elastic material web
is an elastic plastic film, and a liquid-permeable material layer is arranged
over the second surface of the absorption cores directed away from the
plastic film. The production method according to this embodiment results in
an absorbent article in which the article's liquid-blocking cover sheet
constitutes the main component of the parts giving the article shape. The
articles can also be provided with an elastic liquid-permeable material layer.
The liquid-permeable material layer can be arranged over the absorption
cores in the form of a running material web. In such an embodiment, both the
cover sheets can be used to form elastic pants supporting the absorption
core.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the absorption core is
provided with a liquid-impermeable cover sheet over the second surface, i.e.
the surface which in the finished absorbent pants is intended to be directed
away from a user of the absorbent pants. In this case, the elastic material
web consists of a liquid-permeable material which is secured to the first
surface of the absorption core, being the surface which in the finished
absorbent pants is intended to be directed towards a user and which will
receive the body fluid emptied into the absorbent pants. Such a production
process results in an absorbent article in which the absorption core is
arranged on the outside of elastic pants.
According to yet another embodiment of the invention, elongate elastic
members in the form of bands or threads with a principal direction of
extension are secured to the elastic material web before the cutting-out step.
The elastic members can in this case be secured, for example by gluing or
by ultrasound welding, to the elastic material web in such a way that, after
cutting-out and assembling of the material web, they are arranged along the
leg openings of the absorbent articles. Thus, the absorbent articles can in
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this way be provided with leg elastic. Correspondingly, the elastic members
can be secured to the elastic material web in such a way that, after cutting-
out and assembling of the material web, they are arranged along the waist
opening of the absorbent articles. Such an arrangement of course results in
the articles being equipped with waist elastic. Since it is desirable to
minimize the degree of creasing-together of the absorbent articles after the
cutting-out step, it is expedient if the elastic members during the production
process are stretched a maximum of 10% and preferably a maximum of 5%
in the direction of extension of the elastic members. In order to achieve good
sealing around the waist opening and around the leg openings of the
finished articles, it is generally expedient if the stretching of the elastic
members during production is greater than the stretching of the elastic
material web. On application of elastic members with low prestressing, or no
prestressing, it is important that the elastic members are secured in such a
way that the elasticity in the elastic members is not inhibited. This can be
done, for example, by using an elastic adhesive, by gluing in a stretchable
pattern along the elastic members, or by intermittent welding. Examples of
stretchable adhesive patterns are spot gluing, spray gluing, and adhesive
applied in the form of adhesive strands arranged across the elastic
members.
The ratio between the extensibility of the elastic members and those parts of
the finished article which are formed by the elastic material web can also be
controlled by choosing a less extensible material for the elastic members
than for the elastic material web. Thus, the extensibility of the elastic
members can advantageously be at least 10% lower than the extensibility of
the elastic material web.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
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The invention will be described in greater detail below with reference to the
figures in the attached drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows the production of absorbent pants according to a first
embodiment of the invention and comprising a core pack,
Figure 2 shows the core pack in Figure 1,
Figure 3 shows absorbent pants produced according to the method
shown in Fig. 1,
Figure 4 shows the production of absorbent pants according to a second
embodiment of the invention,
Figure 5 shows absorbent pants produced according to the method
shown in Fig. 3,
Figure 6 shows the production of absorbent pants according to a third
embodiment of the invention, and
Figure 7 shows absorbent pants produced according to the method
shown in Fig. 6.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a process for production of
absorbent pants in which the materials of the pants are substantially
unstretched during production.
The various components of the absorbent pants are joined together on a
continuous conveyor belt (not shown in the figure), a first material web 101
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in the form of an elastic, unstretched nonwoven material being placed on the
conveyor belt. Adhesive 102 is then applied, for example by spraying or
coating of the first material web 101, after which elastic members 103 in the
form of continuous elastic bands or threads are secured in a curved pattern
across the first material web 101. The elastic members 103 form leg elastic
in the finished absorbent pants. Instead of, or as a complement to, arranging
adhesive on the first material web 101, the adhesive can be applied directly
to the elastic members. This form of adhesive application too can be
effected, for example, by means of spraying, patterned surfacing or coating.
As has already been discussed, complete coating of elastic members which
have been applied in a substantially unstretched state requires that the
adhesive used is elastic.
A second elastic material web 105, of substantially unstretched elastic
nonwoven, is thereafter applied over the first material web 101 and the
elastic members 103. Before the two material webs are joined together, the
second material web 105 too can be coated with adhesive on the surface
directed towards the first material web 101. Adhesive is thereafter applied,
for example in the form of a spray coating, a complete or broken film, or in a
pattern such as in the form of stripes or spots. Since the elastic members, as
has previously been described, are arranged substantially without
prestressing, it is important to ensure that the adhesive does not inhibit the
elasticity of the elastic members on that surface of the second material web
105 directed away from the first material web 101. The adhesive is applied
intermittently within areas 106 of the second material web 105 where a core
pack 107 is then secured.
The core pack 107 is shown best in Figure 2 and comprises a liquid barrier
sheet 108, an absorption core 109, and a liquid-permeable inner sheet 110.
The core pack 107 is secured with the liquid barrier sheet 108 towards the
second material web 105. Figures 1 and 2 show an absorption core 109
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consisting of two absorption sheets 111, 112 laid one upon the other, the
lower absorption sheet 111 located nearest to the liquid barrier sheet 108
being slightly larger than the upper absorption sheet 112 located nearest to
the inner sheet 110. In the example shown, the core pack 107 has a
5 rectangular plane shape which is defined by the shape of the liquid barrier
sheet 108 and the liquid-permeable inner sheet 110, which together enclose
the absorption core 109. It is of course possible to use the core pack 107
with another plane shape, for example the liquid barrier sheet 108 and the
inner sheet 110 can have substantially the same shape as the absorption
10 core 109.
The liquid-permeable inner sheet 110 can consist of any material known for
the purpose, such as a layer of nonwoven material, a perforated plastic film,
net material, tow, or the like. The inner sheet 110 can of course also consist
of a laminate of two or more sheets of the same or different material.
The liquid barrier sheet 108 can consist of a liquid-impermeable plastic film,
a nonwoven sheet which has been coated with a liquid barrier material, or
some other flexible material sheet which has the ability to withstand liquid
penetration. However, it can be advantageous if the liquid barrier sheet 108
has a certain breathability, i.e. permits the passage of water vapour through
the sheet 108.
The absorption core can be made up of absorbent material, such as
cellulose fluff pulp, tissue, absorbent foam, etc. It is also possible for the
absorption core to contain superabsorbents, i.e. polymer materials which are
able to absorb body fluid corresponding to many times their own weight and
form a hydrogel. Such superabsorbents are usually present in the form of
particles, but fibres, flakes, granules and films are also available.
Moreover,
the absorption core 109 can comprise nonabsorbent components such as
stiffening elements, shaping elements, binders, etc. Various types of liquid-
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receiving porous structures such as fibre wads, open-cell foam or the like
can also be included in the core pack 107.
The core pack 107 is produced in a separate process using conventional
production technology. The production of the core pack 107 is not shown in
the drawings. The various components included in the core pack 107 can be
connected to one another in a conventional manner, for example by
adhesive bonding, or by welding with heat or ultrasound. The core pack 107
can of course contain further components in addition to those described
here, for example the core pack can comprise a liquid transport sheet,
elastic members, shape-stabilizing members, shaping elements or the like.
Although the absorption core has been shown with two absorption sheets
111, 112, alternative configurations can be used. For example, a single
absorption sheet may be sufficient for certain applications, while other
applications may require more than two absorption sheets.
After the core pack has been applied, leg openings 114 are cut out from the
web between each core pack 107. The production web 113 is then folded
double in the production direction so that a fold edge 115 and an open edge
116 are formed. The folded production web 113 is then welded intermittently
transverse to the production direction, the welds 117 extending from the
open edge 116 to the edge 118 on each of the leg openings 114. The welds
are formed in a manner known in the technical field and are expediently
openable. This means that the weld will break before the surrounding
material when the parts which have been welded together are pulled apart.
However, it is of course necessary to ensure that the welds are sufficiently
strong to hold the finished absorbent pants together during use. It is of
course alternatively possible, within the scope of the invention, to instead
glue the production web halves together.
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The welded production web 113 is then divided by being cut at each weld
117 so that individual absorbent pants 104 are separated from the
production web 113. The finished absorbent pants 104 can then go through
further process steps such as folding and packaging.
The finished absorbent pants 104 shown in Figure 3 comprise elastically
extensible outer pants 120 which are formed by the first elastic material web
101 and the second elastic material web 105. The outer pants 120 also
include the elastic members 103 which are arranged around the leg
openings 114 and are secured between the first elastic material web 101
and the second elastic material web 105. As has already been mentioned,
the elastic material webs 101, 105 consist of elastic nonwoven material. The
elastic nonwoven material must be elastically extensible at least in the
direction of travel of the production web and preferably also in the
transverse
direction of the production web, i.e. at right angles to the direction of
travel.
The outer pants 120 are designed with a front portion 121, a rear portion 122
and a narrower crotch portion 123 lying between these, and they have two
leg openings 114 and a waist opening 124. The outer pants 120 also have
two side seams 125 which connect the front portion 121 to the rear portion
122 between the waist opening 124 and the leg openings 114 and which,
during use of the absorbent pants 104, are intended to be arranged across
the user's hips. The side seams 125 are expediently designed in such a way
that they can withstand the tensile forces which arise when the absorbent
pants are being put on and are being used, but such that they can be torn
apart when the absorbent pants are being taken off. An openable side seam
125 in this case does not have a greater holding ability than that the seam
bursts at a lower force than is required to draw apart the surrounding
material of the absorbent pants.
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The above-described core pack 107 is secured inside the elastically
extensible outer pants 120. In connection with the cutting-out of the leg
openings, parts of the cover sheets in the core pack are also cut so that the
core pack 107 in the finished absorbent pants is given a shape like an
hourglass.
The core pack 107 can be secured to the outer pants 120 across the whole
of the common surface, or only over parts thereof. For example, the core
pack 107 can be secured only along a line or a band-shaped area extending
centrally across the absorbent pants 104 from the front portion 121 to the
rear portion 122. It is also possible to secure the core pack 107 via a number
of attachment points or attachment areas. The core pack 107 should be
sufficiently well secured inside the outer pants 120 to ensure that it does
not
come loose or move out of position during use. However, it is advantageous
if the core pack 107 has a certain mobility in relation to the outer pants
120,
since this means that the elastic extensibility of the outer pants 120 can be,
better used if the extension is limited as little as possible by the core pack
107.
In the process shown in Figure 4, a first elastic material web 401 in the form
of a substantially unstretched elastic nonwoven material is placed on a
conveyor belt (not shown in the figure). Adhesive 402' is then applied, in the
same way as in the process in Figure 1, and elastic members 403 are
secured in a curved pattern across the first material web 401.
A second elastic material web 408, of substantially unstretched elastic liquid
barrier material, such as plastic film, is thereafter applied over the first
elastic material web 401 and the elastic members 403. Before the two
material webs are joined together, the second elastic material web 408 too
can be coated with adhesive on the surtace directed towards the first elastic
material web 401. Adhesive is thereafter applied as a continuous coating
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402" on the surface of the second elastic material web 408 directed away
from the first elastic material web 401, after which absorption cores 409
comprising a first absorption sheet 411 and a second absorption sheet 412
are placed intermittently on the second elastic material web 408.
A third elastic material web 410 is placed over the first and second elastic
material webs 401, 408 and secured over the absorption cores 409. Before
the third elastic material web 410 is applied on the second elastic material
web 408, the third elastic material web 410 is expediently coated with
adhesive on the surface directed towards the second elastic material web
408. It' is alternatively possible to use a nonelastic material instead of the
elastic material web 410. However, in such an embodiment, the nonelastic
material must be arranged in the form of discrete pieces across the
absorption cores 409. Otherwise, the nonelastic material inhibits the function
of the elastic members 403.
After the various components have been applied, leg openings 414 are cut
out from the production web 413. The production web 413 is then folded
double in the production direction so that a fold edge 415 and an open edge
416 are formed. The folded production web 413 is then welded intermittently
transverse to the production direction, the welds 417 extending from the
open edge 416 to the edge 418 on each of the leg openings 414. The
welded production web 413 is then divided by being cut at each weld 417 so
that individual absorbent pants 404 are separated from the production web
413. The finished absorbent pants 404 can then go through further process
steps such as folding and packaging.
Figure 5 shows finished absorbent pants 404 produced by the method
shown in Figure 4. The finished absorbent pants 404 shown in Figure 5
comprise, like the absorbent pants in Figure 3, elastically extensible outer
pants 420 which are formed by the first elastic material web 401 and the
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second elastic material web 408. The first elastic material web 401 in this
case constitutes a textile outer sheet of the diaper pants, and the second
elastic material web 408 constitutes a liquid barrier sheet in the absorbent
pants 404 and prevents liquid from leaking out from the absorbent pants 404
5 during use. The outer pants 420 also include the elastic members 403 which
are arranged around the leg openings 414 and are secured between the
textile outer sheet 401 of the outer pants 420 and the liquid barrier sheet
408. As has already been mentioned, the textile outer sheet 401 consists of
elastic nonwoven material.
The liquid barrier sheet 408 consists of an elastic liquid-impermeable plastic
film, an elastic liquid-impeding nonwoven material, or similar. A liquid-
impermeable material is considered to be a material which prevents Liquid
penetration. However, the liquid-impermeable material can be breathable
and permit passage of gases and water vapour. A liquid barrier material
counteracts liquid penetration but is not necessarily completely liquid-
impermeable and is generally breathable.
In the same way as the absorbent pants 104 shown in Figure 3, the outer
pants 420 are, designed with a front portion 421, a rear portion 422 and a
narrower crotch portion 423 lying between these, and they have two leg
openings 414 and a waist opening 424. The outer pants 420 also have two
side seams 425 which connect the front portion 421 to the rear portion 422
between the waist opening 424 and the leg openings 414 and which, during
use of the absorbent pants 404, are intended to be arranged across the
user's hips.
An absorption body 409 is secured inside the elastically extensible outer
pants 420. The absorption body 409 is secured to the liquid barrier sheet
408 of the outer pants 420, for example by adhesive bonding. The
absorption body 409 comprises a first liquid collection sheet 411 arranged
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nearest to the liquid barrier sheet, and a second liquid-receiving sheet 412
arranged between the liquid collection sheet 411 and a liquid-permeable
inner sheet 410 which is formed by the third material web 410. Although the
absorption body 409 has been shown as a two-sheet structure, it is possible
to use other types of absorption bodies. Absorption bodies in absorbent
articles for taking up body fluids usually consist of fibre sheets, for
example
of cellulose fluff pulp. It is also possible to use fibre sheets which have
been
bonded together with a binder, for example thermofibres. It is also customary
to use polymeric gel-forming absorption materials, called superabsorbents,
which can be mixed with fibres or arranged on separate carrier sheets. The
design of the absorption body 409, like the choice of material, is of course
dictated by the intended application and by the amount of liquid which the
absorption body is expected to be able to absorb. The liquid-permeable
inner sheet 410 can be a liquid-permeable nonwoven material, a perforated
plastic film, a net material, or similar. The liquid-permeable inner sheet 410
can be elastic or nonelastic. In the latter case, the inner sheet 410 is
arranged as discrete material pieces which do not cover the elastic members
403 arranged around the leg openings 414.
The production method shown in Figure 6 differs from the previously
described production methods in that the finished absorbent pants have, in
addition to conventional leg elastic, a portion which during use is intended
to
surround the lower part of the user's trunk and which is elastically
extensible.
The absorbent pants 604 in Figure 6 are formed by a first material web 601'
in the form of an unstretched nonelastic nonwoven material being placed on
a conveyor belt (not shown). Adhesive 602 is then applied, for example by
spraying, pressing or coating of the first material web 601', and elastic
members 603 in the form of continuous elastic bands or threads are secured,
in a conventional manner, in a prestressed state and in a curved pattern
across the first material web 601'. A second material web 603 of liquid-
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impermeable material, for example plastic film, is secured over the first
material web 601' and the elastic members 603. Before the two material
webs are joined together, the second material web 608 can also be coated
with adhesive on the surface directed towards the first material web 601'.
Adhesive is then applied as a coating 602' on the surface of the second
material web 608 directed away from the first material web 601', after which
absorption cores 609 are applied intermittently on the second material web
608.
A band 601" of elastic material, for example elastic nonwoven, is additionally
arranged along each side edge 630, 631 of the first material web 601'. The
elastic bands 601" are applied and secured to the first material web 601' and
the second material web 608 in a substantially unstretched state and form a
band-shaped, elastically extensible portion or girdle-like waist belt nearest
the waist opening of the finished absorbent pants 604.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment in Figure 6, the absorption cores
609 are secured directly to the second material web 608 and only indirectly
secured to the elastic bands 601 ".
A third material web 610 is placed over the first and second material webs
601, 608 and secured over the absorption cores 609. Before the third
material web 610 is applied on the second material web 608, the third
material web 610 is expediently coated with adhesive on the surface directed
towards the second material web 608.
As in the previously described production methods, leg openings 614 are cut
out from the material web 613, after which the material is folded, welded, and
cut into individual absorbent pants 604, as has previously been described.
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Figure 7 shows absorbent pants 604 produced according to the method
described in connection with Figure 6. The absorbent pants shown in Figure
7 comprise a substantially nonelastic part 632 which substantially coincides
with the crotch portion 623 of the absorbent pants. The nonelastic part
comprises an absorption body 609 arranged between a liquid-impermeable
laminate and a liquid-permeable inner sheet 610. The liquid-impermeable
laminate in this case comprises a barrier sheet 608 formed by the second
material web and an outer nonwoven sheet 601' formed by the first material
web. The nonelastic part 632 comprises elastic members 603 which are
secured with prestressing to the nonelastic part and which form leg elastic
around the leg openings 614 of the absorbent pants 604.
The absorbent pants 604 further comprise an elastic part 633 formed by the
elastic bands 601" and constituting a wide elastically extensible belt which
surrounds the trunk and which is held together by two side seams 625. The
side seams 625 connect the front portion 621 of the absorbent pants to the
rear portion 622 between the waist opening 624 and the leg openings 614
and are intended to be arranged across the user's hips during use.
All the absorbent pants which have been described are such that they are
made from material joined together in a substantially unstretched state, i.e.
with only a slight degree of elastic tensioning. As has previously been
mentioned, this means that the elastic components are stretched only a
maximum of 5% from their original extent in the direction of extension. A
certain slight extensibility is generally necessary to maintain control of the
materials during the production process. The fact that the absorbent pants
are made from substantially unstretched material means that the number of
absorbent pants per unit of length of the production web, compared with
conventional production processes, is considerably greater and can even be
as much as twice as great.
CA 02472961 2004-07-08
WO 03/070140 PCT/SE03/00188
19
In addition, after they have been separated from the production web, the
finished absorbent pants are substantially smooth and have a substantially
plane shape. This means that the absorbent pants have an aesthetically
pleasing appearance, are comfortable to wear, and are considerably easier
to fold and package than previously known absorbent pants with creased
and three-dimensionally curved portions.
The elastic parts of absorbent pants produced according to the methods
described above are activated when the absorbent pants are put on. The
elastic portions are stretched so that the absorbent pants can fit onto the
user's body. The size of the absorbent pants is such that the elastic portions
are kept stretched during use and thus seek to draw together to their
unstressed state, by which means the absorbent pants are maintained on
the user's body.
The invention is not to be regarded as being limited by the illustrative
embodiments described above, and further variants and modifications are
possible within the scope of the attached patent claims. For example, it is
not
necessary to join the various material webs and components together by
means of adhesive, and instead other methods of joining such as ultrasound,
hot welding, calendering, stitching, etc., can be used if expedient.
In the illustrative embodiments of absorbent pants which have been
described, the absorption body has been shown positioned over the front
portion, rear portion and crotch portion of the absorbent pants. For certain
purposes, for example for use in cases of mild incontinence and
menstruation, the absorption body can be placed mainly in the crotch portion
of the absorbent pants, i.e. in the portion which is arranged at the user's
crotch during use.
