Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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TITLE OF THE INVENTION
INTEGRATED HEAT PIPE AND ITS METHOD
OF HEAT EXCHANGE
FIELD OF INVENTION
This invention is related to heat exchange technology and method,
specifically,
an integrated heat pipe and its heat exchange method.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The development of LSI, mainframe computer and electrical and electronic
technologies has imposed higher requirements on the heat elimination of
electronic
elements and components. For example, the integration level of CPU chips of
computers has risen by nearly 20,000 folds just within 30 years with its
consumption
power rising up to a few dozen watts from its initial a few watts and with the
resulting
heat flux being up to 100W/cm2 in some cases. The working reliability and life
of
computer is closely related to its working temperature and the required
maximum
temperature (internal) of chips<_130°C and the required surface
temperature s80°C.
However, its working reliability will decrease by 3.8% whenever the
temperature of
chip rises by 1 °C, and its life will increase by 50% whenever the
temperature of chip
decreases by 10%. High speed and high integration level imposes very high
requirement on the uniformity of the temperature of chips. Therefore, heat
elimination has become a major problem that has to be resolved in the course
of
research and development of electronic products and it is directly related to
the
property, reliability and cost of electronic products.
Initially, there were several heat elimination technologies for chips, such as
heat elimination fan, heat elimination plate, pre-made heat elimination holes,
keyboard convection heat elimination, water cooling heat elimination, etc.
Though
their cost was low, their heat eliminating effect was not so good and their
reliability
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was low, therefore, they were not able to meet the requirement of the
development of
computer.
The State Laboratory of Sandia in the USA first applied heat pipe technology
in
the heat elimination of computer chips, which produced fairly good heat
elimination
effect.
Heat pipe technology is a highly effective heat transfer element and highly
effective heat transfer technology, which transfers heat by the phase change
process,
that is, to fill a small amount of liquid medium into the enclosed vacuum
chamber of a
tubular article, where a liquid medium is used to absorb heat, vaporizes,
condenses
and eliminates heat. Heat pipe heat exchanger is so constructed that the heat
absorption end and heat elimination end of several heat pipe elements are
partitioned
and the heat absorption end and heat elimination end are surrounded with
articles to
form two shaped cavities, heat absorption and heat elimination, with hot fluid
flowing
through the heat absorption chamber and the cold fluid flowing through the
heat
elimination chamber, thus heat being transferred to the cold fluid via heat
pipe and
the phase change of the heat pipe medium. The structural characteristic of
heat pipe
is that the inner chamber of a flexible tubular article is vacuumed and filled
with a
small amount of liquid medium and the inner chamber of the pipe is just big
enough
for a liquid absorption cartridge that ensures liquid reflux. A single heat
pipe can be
used as heat exchanger, but it is more often that the heat exchangers composed
of
several heat pipe elements are used at the same time.
However, the current heat pipe technology of the heat elimination of plane
heat sources, such as computer chips and other electrical and electronic
elements
and components is mostly of studded heat pipe type. That is to make notch in
the
metal plate of fine thermal conductivity, inlay the heat absorption end of
heat pipe in
the notch, put the heat elimination end at a ventilated place and the metal
plate is
placed horizontally above the heating element. In order to ensure that the
heat
source plane is in full contact with the metal plane and electrically
insulated, a heat
conducting insulation plate coated with heat conducting silicone is placed
between
them. Heat is transferred via heat conducting silicone, heat conducting
insulating
plate from the heat source to the metal plate, then to the heat pipe, where as
a result
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of phase change heat is transferred from heat absorption end to the
condensation
end, and the heat absorbed at the condensation end is transferred through the
shell
of the heat pipe to another layer of silicone, then to the aluminum fin type
radiator.
The heat accumulated in the fin radiator is carried away by forced cold wind
to
accomplish the purpose of reducing the temperature of the heat source
ultimately.
This inlaying method does not produce very good heat elimination effect as the
contact thermal resistance of the element connected with interface in the
course of
heat transfer is so big that the heat pipe cannot play the role of high
efficiency heat
transfer and the heat eliminating effect is not so good. In addition, through
by
welding the heat absorption end of one or several heat pipes on the metal
plate and
installing a number of fin groups to support heat elimination at the heat
elimination
end of heat pipe, the contact thermal resistance of the interface can be
reduced, the
medium of the heat pipe can not be in full contact with the heat source and
can not
produce very good heat transfer effect.
In the metal foundry Industry, in order to ensure that the alloy melt
solidifies
immediately in the casting mould and cools down the mould within shortest time
to
increase the production efficiency of casting moulds, some people insert the
heat
absorption ends of many heat pipes into the main body of the hard mould to
take
advantage of the inherent axial heat transfer characteristic of conventional
heat pipe
in hard mould foundry and in ejection molding and insert the heat elimination
end of
heat pipe into water cooling pipe so as to level the temperature gradient in
the hard
mould by heat pipe and to conspicuously improve the heat transfer efficiency
of the
casting mould without increasing water consumption. What merits attention is
the
application of heat pipe technology in foundry Industry includes the newest
continuous casting and continuous rolling processes, such as wheel rolling and
wheel casting and continuous crystallizing that require heat exchanging. Up to
now,
no structure other than the conventional heat pipe and any new heat transfer
mode
have been found. However, because of the interface thermal resistance between
the
casting mould and the wall of heat pipe and the limitations of the structure
it is
impossible for the original structure to meet the even higher cooling speed
requirement of alloy including fast solidifying alloy on the mould and it is
more so of
certain special and higher requirement.
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The fast solidifying metal technology is to fix metal molecules on higher
energy
level. Since Duwez invented the fast solidifying technology in 1960, the
technology
has been improved and systemized continuously and commercialized gradually.
Because of its high dynamic property and fine physical and chemical property
the fast
solidifying metals have attracted the attention of the materials scientific
workers
throughout the world, who have put much manpower, material and funds in the
research. As a result of the development over the last three decades the fast
solidification technology and its research on metals have become one of the
important branches of materials science and engineering. As the fast
solidification
technology is to increase the super-cooling extent and speed of solidification
mainly
by increasing solidification speed, the solidification speed is very important
for the
formation and property of the fast solidifying material.
At present, there are dozens of fast solidification processes and equipment
for
production of fast solidifying materials, mainly in three categories of mould
cooling
technology, atomization technology and surface melting and sedimentation
technology. According to the basic principle of fast solidification for melt
dispersion
and thermal resistance reduction the existing production unit includes
rotating or fixed
cold mould (or base), mostly made from metals of fine thermal conductivity.
Its heat
exchange method is to build a cooling liquid passage in fabrication of the
equipment
base, which is designed to carry away swiftly the heat absorbed by the base to
accomplish the fast cooling purpose of fast solidifying material. Because of
the
limitations of the traditional heat transfer mode and the structure of the
base the
contact area between base and cooling liquid is small (normally, the area of
the heat
absorption end is always bigger that that of the heat elimination end) and
contact
thermal resistance is big, it is difficult for the cooling liquid to carry
away the large
amount of heat emitted by the melt during the solidification process
instantly.
Therefore, it is very difficult to improve and balance the distribution of
temperature
field so as to further increase the heat transfer speed during the
solidification
process. Moreover, as the temperature at the heat balance spot of the base is
fairly
high during operation, the capacity of the production unit declines, its life
gets shorter,
its efficiency gets lower and the quality deteriorates. Up to now there is no
report
about any application of heat pipe technology in the field of fast
solidification
technology.
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Hot fluid ejecting nozzles are widely applied in engineering technology,
particularly, plasma welding cutting torch, plasma spray coating nozzle,
nozzle of
electron beam welding torch, nozzle of large power arc welding torch, etc. As
the
high temperature heat flux flows through nozzle for such a long time during
operation
that the nozzle is easily damaged, people tend to manufacture nozzles with
metals of
fine thermal conductivity and some even cool nozzles with water.
Notwithstanding all
this, the effect is not so good and the life does not get any longer and the
cooling
water leakage may damage the electrical insulation of the equipment greatly
reducing
the reliability of the equipment. Although some people use heat pipe
technology in
nozzles, the high efficiency heat transfer characteristic of heat pipe can not
be
displayed because their technical design fails to greatly improve the heat
elimination
area of nozzle and the geometric dimensions of nozzle are small. Therefore,
the
existing technology is still unable to meet the requirement of the engineering
technology and should be further improved.
Heat exchanger, including that for heat exchange between fluid media is the
most conventional basic equipment used in various Industrial sectors of the
state
economy. People have never stopped in trying to improve the function of heat
exchanger to increase the heat transfer efficiency of heat exchanger by
various
technologies, methods and means over hundreds of years. The heat pipe phase
change heat transfer technology, including the use of high heat conductivity
medium
to transfer heat, is an effective try. The high thermal conductivity, big heat
elimination
area and fairly low production cost of heat pipe heat exchanger is well
applied in
residual heat recovery in the field of heat exchanger. Nevertheless, the
branch like
distribution of the heat pipe of the traditional heat pipe heat exchanger and
its square
box structure is apt to fouling on heat elimination surface and dead corner
and
whirlpool of fluid flow thus affecting the normal heat exchange and
application life of
heat exchanger. The single structure and huge volume of the traditional heat
exchanger is one of the limiting factors. Up to now there is no report about
any
application of integrated heat pipe technology in the field of heat exchanger.
Large electric motor, generator and engine are the power source of the
modern Industry, the mainstay for the existence of modern technology and the
basic
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equipment of the state economy. Their common structural characteristic is that
they
all have a turning shaft-rotor that requires heat elimination any time. If the
heat
including that emitted inside the rotor cannot be eliminated, overheating
might
happen reducing the power, abating the insulation and damaging electrical and
mechanical equipment, or even leading to the loss of working capacity of
equipment.
Generally speaking, for every degree of temperature rises above the upper
limit of
the motor, its life span is reduced by half. In order to eliminate heat from
rotor the
large capacity motor and generator are normally cooled with the gas in
enclosed re-
circulation, or by pipe ventilation, independent fan type cooling or by having
hollow
copper winding of rotor for cooling water flowing through the hollow copper
winding,
shaft and sealed water jacket to carry away the heat. Some people apply the
heat
pipe phase change heat transfer technology to improve the heat elimination of
motor
rotor in this manner that they hollow out the shaft of the motor so as to form
a
somewhat biased empty chamber, which extends through the heat absorption end
and heat elimination end of rotor and is vacuumed and filled with a small
amount of
liquid medium. The medium absorbs heat and vaporizes at the heat absorption
end
and emits heat and condenses into liquid at the heat elimination end. The
reflux
liquid flows back to the heat absorption end over the slope under the action
of a
centrifugal force. The heat carried by the medium at the heat elimination end
is
carried away by the cold air blowing out of the fan and the internal heat in
the rotor is
ultimately eliminated thus forming a reciprocating heat recycle. The rotating
heat
pipe technology can produce fairly good effect in improving the heat
elimination of
motor rotor. However, the above-mentioned methods have many shortcomings, such
as inferior heat elimination and high production cost and still they have a
common
shortcoming, that is, heat elimination area is small and the heat elimination
capacity
is intrinsically inadequate. How to improve the heat elimination capacity of
motor rotor
and to enhance the capacity and reliability of the above-mentioned power
machines
has been a subject that the scientists and engineers have to confront for a
long time.
As described above, the existing heat pipe, heat pipe heat exchanger and
heat pipe heat exchange technology, initially applied in home appliances, have
found
more and more applications in high tech spheres such as aviation and space
Industries as a result of their development over last 50 years or so because
of simple
structure, reliability, high heat thermal conductivity and easy realization
and they are
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being used in more and more areas. Some new heat pipe structures and new heat
transfer mechanisms came into being over recent years, but up to now the
method
for increasing the heat elimination area of heat pipe of heat exchange
technology is
mostly to increase the absolute length of the heat elimination end of heat
pipe, install
auxiliary heat elimination ribbed plates and increase the number of heat
pipes; the
structure of heat pipe heat exchanger is still single; the structure of the
heat
absorption end of heat pipe and heat pipe radiator is still short of any
variation. All
these have greatly limited the application and popularization of heat pipe and
heat
pipe technology. Particularly, as to how to reduce thermal resistance of
contact heat
source apart from the heat flux to increase heat transfer efficiency, it is
difficult for the
existing heat pipe heat exchange technology to display its merit fully because
of its
unique structure. For the heat elimination for a narrow space, special
geometric
shape and large heat flux density and the heat elimination for the large heat
flux
density during intermittent interval and the limited cold source conditions,
it is
imperative to improve the existing heat pipe technology.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
One object of this invention is to make up the shortcomings of background
technology and provide an integrated heat pipe that can increase the heat
transfer
efficiency and that is an integrated heat pipe of complicated shape surface
and radial
structure for contact heat source and fluid medium heat source.
Another object of this invention is to provide several methods concerning
integrated heat pipe including:
A method for obtaining a large heat elimination area for integrated heat pipe
in
a small volume, which is designed to use the heat carrier outside the enclosed
vacuum chamber or inside it or outside and inside it as heat elimination end
so as to
obtain a compact space and to obtain a large heat elimination surface by
taking
advantage of the curving shape of heat carrier;
A method for setting the structure of the heat absorption end of integrated
heat
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pipe: including distribution of the heat transfer medium at the place closest
to the
heat absorbing surface in the enclosed empty chamber of heat pipe and setting
the
shape surface at the heat absorption end of heat pipe according to the
structure of
heat source and thermal conductivity;
A heat exchange method of integrated heat pipe that includes carrying out
internal heat transfer by means of the same enclosed vacuum chamber and the
same heat transfer medium in the same enclosed vacuum chamber and to eliminate
heat by means of the heat carrier in the thin-wall fluid passage and transfer
heat by
means of hot melt, distribute heat transfer medium at the place closest to the
heat
absorption surface in the enclosed vacuum chamber, carry away heat by means of
heat transfer medium to where the heat carrier is closest to the heat
elimination
surface so as to reduce thermal resistance and increase thermal conduction
efficiency;
A heat exchange method for rotating an integrated heat pipe using liquid
medium while turning at a high speed the rotating integrated heat pipe takes
advantage of a centrifugal force to carry out the reflux of liquid medium and
to carry
out the reflux of liquid medium with the capillary force of the liquid
absorbing cartridge
of heat pipe and the adhesive force of the liquid medium when it is turning at
low
speed;
Another object of this invention is to provide the structure of several
integrated
heat pipe products based on the above-mentioned method including heat
elimination
of computer CPU, heat elimination of large power electrical and electronic
element
and component, heat elimination for cold mould of fast solidifying metal, heat
elimination of the rotating heat source or revolving shaft such as quenching
roll of fast
solidifying metal thin strap, revolving shaft, revolving roll, metallurgical
cast wheel and
rolling wheel, engine rotor and turbine vane rotor, and heat elimination of
plasma
welding cutting torch, nozzle for plasma spray coating, nozzle of electron
beam
welding torch, nozzle of large power arc welding torch and heat exchanger
between
two fluid media in pipe and heater or cooler and the structure of the heat
elimination
products in other heat elimination application.
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Fig. 1-1 illustrates a sectional view according to one of the embodiments of
this invention;
Fig. 1-2 illustrates a sectional view according to one of the embodiments of
this invention;
Fig. 1-3 illustrates a sectional view according to one of the embodiments of
this invention;
Fig. 2-1 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 2-2 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 3-1 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 3-2 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 4-1: illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 4-2: illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 5 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
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Fig. 6-1 illustrates a sectional view according to one of the embodiments of
this invention;
Fig. 6-2 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 6-3 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 7-1 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 7-2 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 8-1 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 8-2 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 9-1 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 9-2 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 10-1 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 10-2 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention;
Fig. 11-1 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
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invention; and
Fig. 11-2 illustrates a view according to one of the embodiments of this
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A kind of integrated heat pipe includes a shell with a enclosed chamber
vacuumed and filled with heat transfer medium, which is characterized by the
following: there are one or more than one groups of heat carriers outside the
enclosed chamber or inside it or outside and inside it, with every group of
heat
carriers sharing a enclosed chamber and the heat transfer medium in the same
enclosed chamber. The heat transfer medium may be the heat transfer liquid
medium of phase change process or high efficiency heat transfer medium for
other
heat transfer mode; heat carrier is heat elimination end and shell or part of
the shell is
heat absorption end.
A kind of integrated heat pipe, including a shell with a enclosed chamber
vacuumed and filled with heat transfer medium, which is characterized by the
following: the integrated heat pipe shell or part of the shell is heat
absorption end,
which may be one or more than one groups of heat absorbing cavities in the
enclosed chamber that runs through the shell; it can be a shell covering the
enclosed
chamber, including the shell covering the revolving structure of the enclosed
chamber
or the shell of corrugated and curved surface that packages the enclosed
chamber
and is distributed along the outline of the revolving structure; it may be an
end
surface or part of the end surface vertical to the axial line of heat pipe.
The outline of
the shaped surface of its heat absorption end may correspond, tally or closely
match
with the shaped surface of heat source and may be the shaped surface composing
of
the limited group of corrugated and curved surface or the limited group of
curved
surface of enclosed tubular thin-wall fluid passage or the curved surface of
their
combination. Its heat transfer medium is distributed at a place at the heat
absorption
end in the enclosed vacuum chamber closest to the heat absorption surface.
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The heat transfer medium mentioned above can be liquid heat transfer
medium such as water, or inorganic heat transfer medium or compound powder of
ytterbium, barium, copper and oxygen YBCO.
The shell of the said integrated heat pipe and the heat carriers placed
outside
the enclosed vacuum chamber or inside it or outside and inside it are made
from
metal of fine thermal conductivity such as copper or aluminum.
The said heat carrier of thin-wall fluid passage structure is designed to
eliminate heat with cooling fluid; alternatively, heat containing structure of
fine thermal
conductivity, large heat volume and big surface area is adopted to hold heat
and
good heat absorbing material and structure is used as heat container.
The shell of the said integrated heat pipe or part of the shell is heat
absorption
end, and to the contact heat source with heat transfer as main mode of thermal
conductivity the formation of its shaped surface corresponds, tallies and
closely
contact with shape surface of the heat source. To the heat source of fluid
medium
with convection as main mode of heat elimination, its shaped surface becomes
limited group of corrugated and curved surface or limited group of curved
shape of
enclosed fluid passage or the form of their combination. Its heat transfer
medium is
placed at a place at the heat absorption end of the enclosed vacuum chamber
closest to the heat-absorbing surface.
When the heat carrier of thin-wall fluid passage structure is placed outside
the
enclosed vacuum chamber of integrated heat pipe, the structure of the thin-
wall fluid
passage structure is uneven curved surface with every undulation constituting
a
group of heat carriers and every group of heat carriers is independent and
connected
with each other. The inner side of every corrugated curved surface is the
inner
chamber of a heat carrier, which has access to the enclosed vacuum chamber and
is
the extension of enclosed vacuum chamber. The outer side of every corrugated
curved surface is a fluid passage for a heat carrier in contact with cold
liquid as the
heat elimination surface of heat carrier. The wall surface of the enclosed
vacuum
chamber and the wall surface of the corrugated thin-wall fluid passage
constitute the
shell of this integrated heat pipe together. The curved surface of the thin-
wall fluid
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passage structure may be parallel and upright fins, same radius bended fins,
radial
and upright fins, radial and bended fins, evenly and unevenly distributed
column, the
mirrored shape of evenly and unevenly distributed column and base shell,
inversed U
shape and their combination. They can be any regular or irregular corrugated
curved
surface. The inner and outer surfaces of the curved surface may have fins for
auxiliary heat elimination.
When this heat carrier is of thin-wall fluid passage structure and is placed
in
the enclosed vacuum chamber of the integrated heat pipe, this thin-wall fluid
passage
structure is enclosed and tubular and the cold fluid incoming and outgoing
ends of
the thin-wall fluid passage either run through both ends of enclosed vacuum
chamber
or run through the neighboring ends of enclosed vacuum chamber, or run through
the
same end of enclosed vacuum chamber. Every enclosed tubular fluid passage is a
group of heat carriers and every group of heat carriers is independent of each
other
and connected with each other. The inner side of the section of thin-wall
fluid
passage is cold fluid passage and the heat elimination surface of heat carrier
as well.
The shape of the section of thin-wall fluid passage may be circular,
rectangular,
polygon, dentiform or other geometric shape. The inner wall of fluid passage
section
may have fins.
When a structure of large surface area and easy heat absorption is adopted in
this heat carrier and the material of high thermal conductivity and large
thermal
capacity is placed outside the enclosed vacuum chamber or inside it or outside
and
inside it as heat container, the structure of this heat container is composed
of film-
shaped, or flake-shaped or tubular or silk-shaped materials of large surface
area or
their combination curled or stacked at a space between various layers that
ensures
heat transfer medium transferring heat fully. The structure of heat container
may be
bee-hived, floccular, hemp-like or rolled in spirals or stacked, or covered
with thin-wall
tube or their combination. The openings between layers face the heat
absorption
end.
The heat absorption end of shell can be made as an end surface or part of the
end surface vertical to the axial line of heat pipe, and the shaped surface of
its heat
absorption end corresponds, tallies and closely matches with the shaped
surface of
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heat source, it can be smooth, flat and straight; smooth and raised; smooth
and
sunken; it may be fabricated according to the outline curved shape, and it can
be
inlaid and covered and closely matched.
The heat absorption end of heat pipe may be one group or more than one
groups of heat absorbing cavities running through shell and enclosed chamber,
and it
may run through both extreme ends of shell, or the neighboring ends of the
shell, or
the same end of the shell. The cross section of the heat-absorbing chamber may
be
circular, rectangular, polygon, dentiform, or other geometric shape. The
vertical
section of its heat-absorbing chamber can be of a slope.
The heat absorption end of heat pipe can be a revolving shell structure that
covers the enclosed chamber and is of circular outline surface of the cross
section.
The vertical section outline surface can be rectangular bucket shaped, drum-
shaped,
or other revolving shape surface that meets the requirement of heat source.
The heat absorption end of heat pipe can be a corrugated thin-wall curved
surface structure that is distributed on the basis of circular outline surface
of cross
section or other geometric shape covers the enclosed chamber. They can be more
than three groups of fin shaped curved surface, evenly distributed or
symmetrically
distributed, contour or non-contour. They can be radial and upright fin
shaped, radial
and bended fin shaped or suitable curved shape or their combination. Its
vertical
section outline is rectangular, drum-shaped or other revolving shape suitable
for the
heat source.
Between the heat absorption end surface of a heat pipe and another high
thermal conductivity metal template there is hollow high thermal conductivity
metal
template with hot melt pouring channel and gas releasing passage inside it so
as to
obtain the heat absorption chamber of integrated heat pipe.
Between the heat absorption end surfaces of two heat pipes there is hollow
high thermal conductivity metal template with hot melt pouring channel and gas
releasing passage inside it so as to obtain the heat absorption chamber of
integrated
heat pipe, and the heat absorption end surfaces of several heat pipes can also
form
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a heat absorption chamber together.
Heat transfer medium of heat pipe shell or part of the shell as heat
absorption
end is distributed somewhere in the enclosed chamber closest to the heat
absorption
surface. Therefore, when liquid medium is used, a liquid absorbing cartridge
of heat
pipe can be placed somewhere in the enclosed chamber closest to the heat
absorption surface. The structure of this liquid absorbing cartridge of heat
pipe can
be groove, gauze, fiber bundle plus spring, sintered metal powders or their
combination or other effective structure.
Auxiliary fluid passage with inlet and outlet can be built in the thin-wall
fluid
passage for heat carrier of heat pipe or in the heat absorption chamber of
heat
absorption end or the corrugated curved thin-wall shell or in the thin-wall
fluid
passage for heat carrier or in the heat absorption chamber of heat absorption
end or
the corrugated curved thin-wall shell. The fluid passage either covers
corrugated fin-
shaped curved surface of thin-wall fluid passage or covers the corresponding
part of
the end cover of enclosed tubular thin-wall fluid passage.
When this heat pipe is used for heat elimination of the plane or curved
surface
heat sources such as computer CPU, large power electrical and electronic
elements
and components, the heat absorption end of the above-mentioned heat pipe is
vertical to an end surface of the axial line of the heat pipe or some part of
the end
surface, it can be flat and straight plane or a curved surface inlaid on the
surface of
heat source. The shaped surface of its heat absorption end corresponds,
tallies and
closely matches with the shaped surface of heat source and can be smooth, flat
and
straight; smooth and raised; smooth and sunken; it can be made according to
the
outline curved shape of contact heat source and can be inlaid and covered and
closely matched. It is placed above the heat source. The heat transfer medium
is
distributed somewhere in enclosed vacuum chamber closest to the heat
absorption
surface. When it is placed outside enclosed vacuum chamber as thin-wall fluid
passage at the heat elimination end, the structure of thin-wall fluid passage
is
corrugated curved shape, it can be parallel and upright fin-shaped, same
radius
bended fin shaped, radial and upright fin shaped, radial and bended fin
shaped,
evenly and unevenly distributed column, mirrored shape of evenly and unevenly
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distributed column and base shell, inversed U shaped and their combination,
etc. It
can be any regular or irregular corrugated curved shape. The inner and outer
surface of curved shape can be equipped with fins for auxiliary heat
elimination.
When placed inside the enclosed vacuum chamber as thin-wall fluid passage at
the
heat elimination end, the structure of the thin-wall fluid passage is of
enclosed and
tubular shape, the cold fluid inlet and outlet ends of thin-wall fluid passage
either run
through both ends of the enclosed vacuum chamber or run through the
neighboring
ends of the enclosed vacuum chamber. The cross section of thin-wall fluid
passage
can be circular, rectangular, polygon or other geometric shape. The inner wall
of fluid
passage section can be fixed with fins. The cooling fluid for heat elimination
can be
air or other cold fluid such as water.
This heat pipe is used for heat elimination of cooling roll made of thin strap
of
fast solidifying metal. When used for heat elimination of revolving heat
source or
turning shaft such as engine rotor and vane rotor of turbine, the cross
section outline
of the shell covering enclosed chamber is circular and the outline of its
vertical
section can be rectangular, drum-shaped or other revolving shape that meets
the
requirement of heat source; one group or more than one groups of enclosed
tubular
thin-wall fluid passages or one group of enclosed corrugated curved surfaces,
which
are coaxial with heat pipe and distributed on the basis of circumference and
placed in
the enclosed chamber and run through shell and the two facing ends that are
vertical
to the axial line of heat absorption surface. Auxiliary fluid passages
connected with
the thin-wall fluid passage are placed on the two corresponding ends of shell
that are
vertical to the axial line of the heat absorption surface, and these auxiliary
fluid
passages have their own cold fluid inlet and outlet. When liquid medium is
used, the
inner surface of the heat absorption end of the round shell of the above-
mentioned
integrated heat pipe can have such effective liquid absorbing cartridge as
groove or
sintered metal powder. The outer surface of the heat absorption end of the
round
shell is heat absorption end surface.
When this heat pipe is used to crystallize continuous ingot casting in
metallurgical Industry and the heat elimination for fast solidifying metal
equipment,
the heat absorption chamber of heat absorption end of heat pipe runs through
the
two corresponding ends of shell and are placed in the middle of heat pipe, and
the
-- 16 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
inner surface of the cross section of its heat absorption chamber can be
circular,
rectangular, polygon, dentiform or other geometric shape. As cold fluid
passage at
the heat elimination end of heat pipe, it can be corrugated radial and upright
fin
shaped curved surface that is distributed parallel or vertical to the axial
line of heat
absorption chamber, radial and bended fin shaped curved surface or the shaped
surface of enclosed tubular thin-wall fluid passage that is distributed
parallel to the
axial line of heat absorption chamber and runs through the corresponding two
ends
of shell. The cross section of enclosed tubular thin-wall fluid passage can be
circular,
rectangular, polygon, dentiform or other geometric shape. When liquid medium
is
used, the cross section of the heat absorption end of above-mentioned
integrated
heat pipe and the outer surface connected with the vacuum chamber can has
groove
or liquid absorbing cartridge or sintered metal powder or other effective
liquid
absorbing structure. A liquid medium accumulation basin is placed at the base
of
liquid absorbing cartridge. It is vertical to the enclosed chamber of the
integrated
heat pipe formed by the end cover of heat absorption chamber, heat absorption
chamber and thin-wall fluid passage. There is an auxiliary fluid passage with
cooling
water inlet and outlet, which either covers the thin-wall fluid passage of
corrugated fin
shaped curved surface or covers the corresponding part of the end cover of
enclosed
tubular thin-wall fluid passage.
When this heat pipe is used for heat elimination of plasma welding cutting
torch, plasma spray coating nozzle, nozzle of electron beam welding torch and
nozzle of large power arc welding torch, the heat absorption chamber at the
heat
elimination end of heat pipe runs through the corresponding two ends of shell
and
are placed in the middle of heat pipe, and the inner surface of the cross
section of
heat absorption chamber can be circular or other suitable geometric shape, and
the
outline surface of its vertical section can be rectangular, inversed cone-
shaped or
other revolving shape surface that meets the requirement of heat source; as
cold fluid
passage at the heat elimination end of heat pipe, it can be corrugated ,
radial and
upright fin shaped curved surface, radial and bended fin shaped curved
surface,
dentiform distributed along inversed cone-shaped revolver, other evenly and
unevenly distributed corrugated curved surface thin-wall fluid passage, which
are
parallel to the axial line of heat absorption chamber, the outline surface of
its vertical
section is rectangular, inversed cone-shaped or other revolving shape surface.
Shell
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CA 02474621 2004-07-23
structure covering its outline can be placed outside the corrugated thin-wall
fluid
passage, constituting the auxiliary fluid passage to quicken the flow of cold
fluid.
When liquid medium is used in the above-mentioned heat pipe, the surface of
its heat
absorption chamber that is connected with enclosed vacuum chamber has groove
or
liquid absorbing cartridge or sintered metal powder or other effective liquid
absorbing
cartridge structure.
When this heat pipe is used for heat elimination of cold mould made of fast
solidifying metal block, there is one group of heat absorbing cavities in the
middle of
enclosed chamber, which runs through the two opposite ends of shell. The cross
section of its heat absorption chamber can be circular, rectangular, polygon,
dentiform or other geometric shape with a slope for mould pulling. Heat
containing
structures of fine thermal conductivity, large thermal capacity and large
surface area
are used as heat carriers of the heat elimination end of heat pipe and placed
outside
the enclosed chamber or inside it or outside and inside it, and the structure
of thermal
container can be film-shaped or flake-shaped or tubular or silk-shaped
materials of
large surface area or their combination in curled or stacked form, or thin-
wall covered
or in their combined form. There is a distance between layers enough for full
heat
transfer by heat transfer medium; the opening between layers faces the heat
transfer
medium of heat absorption end. When liquid medium is used in the said
integrated
heat pipe, the cross section of its heat absorption chamber that is connected
with
vacuum chamber can have groove or liquid absorbing cartridge or sintered metal
powder or other effective liquid absorbing cartridge structures.
When this heat pipe is used for heat elimination of cold mould made of fast
solidifying metal block, a heat absorption end of heat pipe and another high
thermal
conductivity metal made template can be made opposite each other with a high
thermal conductivity metal template placed between them. The template is
hollow
and has metal fluid casting channel and gas releasing channel in it. The heat
absorption ends of heat pipe and the template surround the hollow part and
turn it
into a heat absorption chamber. Heat containing structures of fine thermal
conductivity, large thermal capacity and large surface area are used as heat
carriers
of the heat elimination end of heat pipe and placed outside the enclosed
chamber or
inside it or outside and inside it, the structure of thermal container can be
film-shaped
__ 1 g __
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
or flake-shaped or tubular or silk-shaped materials of large surface area or
their
combination in curled or stacked form; the structure of its heat container can
be bee-
hive shaped, floccular, hemp-like, film or sheet formed in spirals or stacked,
thin-wall
tube covered or their combined form. There is a distance between layers enough
for
full heat transfer by heat transfer medium; the opening between layers faces
the heat
transfer medium of heat absorption end. When liquid medium is used in the said
integrated heat pipe, the corresponding wall surface of heat absorption end in
enclosed vacuum chamber can have liquid absorbing cartridge structures such as
groove or sintered metal powder or other effective liquid absorbing cartridge
structures.
When this heat pipe is used as heat exchanger between two kinds of fluid
media, several groups of heat absorbing cavities as the heat absorption end of
heat
pipe run through the two opposite ends of shell and are placed in the middle
of heat
pipe. The cross section of its heat absorption chamber can be circular,
rectangular,
polygon, dentiform or other geometric shape and their combination. The thin-
wall
fluid passage structure at the heat elimination end of heat pipe can be
corrugated,
radial and upright fin shaped or radial and bended fin shaped curved shape,
placed
outside enclosed chamber and parallel to the axial line of heat absorption
chamber.
When liquid medium is used in the integrated heat pipe, the surface of the
heat
absorption chamber connected with vacuum chamber can has such liquid absorbing
cartridge structures as groove or sintered metal powder or other effective
liquid
absorbing cartridge structure. A liquid medium accumulation basin can be
placed
under the liquid absorbing cartridge. Heat absorption chamber, the corrugated
thin-
wall fluid passage placed outside enclosed chamber and the end cover of shell
vertical to the heat absorption chamber together form the enclosed chamber of
heat
pipe. The auxiliary hot fluid passage that covers the two ends of the end
cover of
shell and has hot (and cold) fluid inlet and outlet and the auxiliary cold
fluid passage
that covers the corrugated thin-wall fluid passage outside enclosed chamber
and has
cold (and hot) fluid inlet and outlet and the heat pipe together constitute
the
integrated heat pipe heat exchanger for heat exchange between two fluid media.
A method includes obtaining large heat elimination area in a small volume with
an integrated heat pipe of a complicated shape surface and radial structure
mainly for
-- 19 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
contact heat source and fluid medium heat source.
This method is designed to obtain a compact space by taking advantage of the
corrugated thin-wall fluid passage placed outside enclosed chamber or inside
it or
outside and inside it or the enclosed tubular thin-wall fluid passage or
thermal
container of fine thermal conductivity, large thermal capacity and large
surface area
or the heat carrier of any of their combination; and to obtain larger heat
elimination
area by taking advantage of the corrugated curved surface of the heat carrier.
A method for setting the structure of the heat absorption end of integrated
heat
pipe, including distribution of heat transfer medium somewhere in the enclosed
chamber closest to the heat absorption surface. When a liquid medium is used,
a
liquid absorbing cartridge structure of heat pipe can be placed some where in
the
enclosed chamber closest to the heat-absorbing surface.
According to this method, when the heat absorption end of heat pipe is an end
surface or part of the end surface vertical to the axial line of heat pipe,
the shaped
surface of its heat absorption end can be so made as to correspond, tally and
closely
match with the outline surface of heat source. It can be made smooth, flat and
straight; smooth and raised; smooth and sunken; it can be made according to
the
outline curved surface of contact heat source, or inlaid and covered and fully
and
closely matched.
This method is so designed that when the heat absorption end of heat pipe is
one or more than one groups of heat absorption cavities that run through shell
and
enclosed chamber, the heat absorption chamber structure can be that running
through the two opposite ends of shell, or that running through two
neighboring ends
of shell or that running through the same end of shell. The cross section of
its heat
absorption chamber can be circular, rectangular, polygon, dentiform or other
geometric shape. The vertical section of its heat absorption chamber can be of
a
slope.
This method includes that the heat absorption end of heat pipe is so made that
the outline surface of its cross section is circular and covers the revolving
shell of
-- 20 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
enclosed chamber. The outline surface of its vertical section is rectangular,
drum-
shaped or other revolving shape that meets the requirement of heat source.
This method includes that the heat absorption end of heat pipe can be so
made that the outline surface of its cross section is enclosed corrugated thin-
wall
curved surface that is based on circular or other geometric shape and covers
enclosed chamber, they can be more than three groups of evenly distributed or
unevenly distributed, contour or non-contour fin-shaped curved surfaces, which
can
be radial and upright fin shaped, radial and bended fin-shaped or other
suitable
curved surface and their combination. The vertical section of its basic
outline surface
is rectangular, drum-shaped or other revolving shape surface that meets the
requirement of heat source.
This method includes that a hollow high thermal conductivity metal template
that has hot melt pouring channel and gas releasing channel and is placed
between
the heat absorption end of heat pipe and another high thermal conductivity
metal
template, can also obtain the heat absorption chamber of integrated heat pipe
and
the high thermal conductivity metal template that is made hollow in the center
and
has hot melt pouring channel and gas releasing channel and placed between the
heat absorption end surfaces of two heat pipes, or the heat absorption chamber
of
integrated heat pipe and the heat absorption end surface of several heat pipes
form
heat absorption chamber together.
A heat exchange method with integrated heat pipe. This method uses the
contact heat source on the surface of the heat absorption end of heat pipe
shell to
absorb heat and transfer heat to the same heat transfer medium in the same
enclosed chamber via the wall surface of the heat absorption end of shell to
enable
the heat transfer medium to absorb heat or to absorb the heat absorbed in fast
dispersion of vaporization, and use the heat carrier placed outside enclosed
chamber
or inside it or outside and inside it as heat elimination end, and the heat
absorbed by
heat transfer medium is contained or transferred; this method uses the low
temperature fluid in the thin-wall fluid passage placed outside enclosed
chamber or
inside it or outside and inside it to transfer the heat absorbed by heat
transfer
medium. This method uses the thermal container placed outside enclosed chamber
-- 21 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
or inside it or outside and inside it to hold the heat absorbed by heat
transfer medium.
This method uses the heat transfer medium of heat pipe placed somewhere in
enclosed chamber closest to the heat absorption surface and uses heat transfer
medium to carry away heat to the place where heat carrier is closest to the
heat
elimination surface to reduce thermal resistance, improve heat transfer
conditions
and increase thermal conductivity.
A liquid medium involving method of heat exchange with rotating integrated
heat pipe. When the hot pipe is turning at a high speed, this method uses the
shell of
circular cross section of heat pipe as heat absorption end surface, which
absorbs
heat while turning at a high speed, and transfers heat via the wall surface of
heat
absorption end of shell to the same heat medium in the same enclosed chamber
that
is swung on the surface of inner wall of heat absorption end. The heat
transfer
medium absorbs heat and vaporizes quickly, and the enclosed chamber is filled
with
saturated steam, which is quickly condensed on the surface of thin-wall fluid
passage
as soon as it meets the low temperature fluid. The hidden vaporization heat
carried
over is released and the thin-wall fluid passage transfers the hidden
vaporization heat
to the cold fluid outside the enclosed chamber of thin-wall fluid passage, and
the heat
absorbed by heat pipe is carried away by cold fluid ultimately. The mass of
the liquid
medium condensed on the surface of thin-wall fluid passage increases quickly
under
the centrifugal force and the liquid medium is swung on the surface of the
inner wall
of heat absorption end again thus starting a new round of heat transfer
process,
which repeats again and again. This method is of a large heat elimination
area, and
by taking advantage of phase change an even heat transfer can be carried out
at the
same temperature throughout the whole heat elimination area. The centrifugal
force
of the turning heat pipe ensures that the liquid medium flows towards the heat
absorption end and the interface thermal resistance in the course of phase
change
heat transfer can be reduced by a biggest margin so that an optimum heat
transfer
effect is obtained.
When heat pipe is turning at a lower speed, this method uses the shell of
circular cross section of heat pipe as heat absorption end surface, which
contacts the
heat source at a low turning speed to absorb heat, which is transferred to the
same
heat transfer medium in the same enclosed chamber that is adhered on the inner
wall
-- 22 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
surface of heat absorption end under the adhesive action of liquid medium and
is in
the liquid absorbing cartridge. The heat transfer medium absorbs heat and
vaporizes
quickly, and the saturated steam filling the enclosed chamber condenses
quickly on
the surface of thin-wall fluid passage as soon as it meets the low temperature
fluid in
the thin-wall passage, and the hidden vaporization heat carried over is
released, and
the thin-wall fluid passage transfers the hidden vaporization heat to the cold
fluid
outside the enclosed chamber of thin-wall fluid passage, and the heat absorbed
by
heat pipe is ultimately carried away by the cold fluid. The mass of the liquid
medium
condensed on the surface of thin-wall fluid passage increases quickly under
the
weight action, and it then returns to the lowest part of the enclosed chamber
of heat
pipe. The liquid medium enters the liquid absorbing cartridge of heat pipe
under the
action of capillary force of liquid absorbing cartridge of heat pipe, and is
back again to
the position in contact with heat source, thus starting a new round of heat
transfer
process, which repeats again and again. This method is of large heat
elimination
area and uses phase change to carry out even heat transfer at the same
temperature
throughout the heat transfer area, and the capillary force of the liquid
absorbing
cartridge of heat pipe and the adhesive force of the heat pipe medium ensure
that
liquid medium flows toward the heat absorption end and ideal heat transfer
effect can
be obtained similarly.
This invention is further illustrated with the .aid of attached figure of
instruction
manual and Application examples.
Application Example 1
As shown in Figs. 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3, Application Example 1 is a kind of heat
pipe applicable to integrated heat pipe coolers with an in-line finned
structure for
cooling CPU of computers, express cards, high-power power electronic
components.
It is a kind of integrated heat pipe composed of a shell 1-1 with an enclosed
chamber 1-2, featuring a heat carrier on the outer side of the enclosed vacuum
chamber; the heat carrier 1-4 has a thin-wall fluid passage 1-4a with radial
in-line
distribution of 12 long fins and 12 fins matching with the axis of the heat
pipe, the
inner side of each group of long fin and short fin is the internal chamber of
the heat
-- 23 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
carrier 1-4, and is connected with the vacuum chamber 1-2 and the extension to
the
vacuum chamber 1-2; the outer side of each long fin and short fin is cooling
surface
of the fluid passage 1-4a of the heat carrier 1-4, which contacts with the
cool fluid;
each group of the heat carrier shares an enclosed chamber 1-2 and the heat
transfer
medium 1-3 in the vacuum chamber; each group of heat carrier 1-4 is
independent
while connected with each other; the wall of the enclosed chamber and the wall
of
the corrugated thin-wall of the fluid passage combined constitute the shell of
the
integrated heat pipe; the enclosed vacuum chamber is vacuumed and filled in
heat
transfer medium 1-3; in order to guarantee normal heat transfer in an
inclining state,
when applying phase change heat transfer fluids, the interior of the enclosed
chamber 1-2 is embedded with the liquid absorption cartridge 1-5.
The corrugate thin-wall fluid passage 1-4a can be of other cambered
structures, such as isometric curved finned structure, radial curved finned
structure
etc. Between two bordering corrugated finned thin-wall fluid passage 1-4a,
several
fins with their wall closely contacting can be fabricated to increase cooling
area of the
heat pipe.
One part of the shell 1-1 is made into a plain heat absorption end matching
with the plane of the heat source and placed on the top of the heat source to
take in
heat. The shell transfers the heat to the heat transfer medium 1-3 in the
vacuum
chamber 1-2, the heat transfer medium absorbs the heat or evaporates to
rapidly
dispel the heat, and then the heat is transferred to the fluid passage 1-4a
through the
corrugated wall with long fins and short fins and finally taken away by the
cool fluid.
Since the cooling area is increased and the heat transfer medium 1-3 is placed
in a
position that is nearest to the heat source, and by taking the advantages of
phase
change of fluid and the super heat transfer process of heat efficient heat
transfer
substances, the whole cooling surface has an even distribution of temperature
and
every unit cooling area can exert its function to an utmost extent, which is
unrivalled
by any other coolers with similar structure.
Application Example 2
As shown in Figs. 2-1 and 2-2, Application Example 2 is a kind of integrated
-- 24 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
heat pipe applicable to integrated heat pipe coolers with an in-line finned
structure for
cooling CPU of computers, or high-power power electronic components.
It is a kind of integrated heat pipe composed of a shell 2-1 with an enclosed
chamber 2-2 that is vacuumed to fill in a heat transfer medium 2-3. It
features a heat
carrier 2-4on the outer side of the vacuum chamber 2-2; The heat carrier 2-4
has a
fluid passage 2-4a structure with parallel array of 13 groups of finned thin-
wall fluid
passage 2-4a from heat-in of the shell to its opposite end; the internal side
of each
group of finned thin-wall fluid passage 2-4a is the inner chamber of the heat
carrier
and is connected with the enclosed vacuum chamber 2-2 and an extension to the
enclosed vacuum chamber 2-2; the outer side of each group of finned thin wall
fluid
passage 2-4a is the cooling surface of the heat carrier 2-4, which contacts
with the
cool fluid; each group of heat carrier shares the same enclosed vacuum chamber
2-2
and the heat transfer medium 2-3 in the chamber, and each group of heat
carrier 2-4
is both independent and connected with each other; the wall surface of the
enclosed
vacuum chamber 2-2 and wall surface of the finned thin-wall fluid passage 2-4a
combined constitute the shell 2-1 of the integrated heat pipe; the enclosed
vacuum
chamber 2-2 is vacuumed and filled in the heat transfer medium 2-3; in order
to
guarantee normal heat transfer in an inclining state, when applying phase
change
heat transfer fluids, the interior of the enclosed chamber 2-2 is embedded
with the
liquid absorption cartridge 2-5.
The corrugated thin-wall fluid passage 2-4a can be of other cambered
structures, such as isometric curved finned structure, radial curved finned
structure
etc. Between two bordering finned thin-wall fluid passage 2-4a, several fins
with their
wall closely contacting can be fabricated to increase cooling area of the heat
pipe.
One part of the shell 2-1 is made into a plain heat absorption end matching
with the plane of the heat source and placed on the top of the heat source to
take in
heat. The shell transfers the heat to the heat transfer medium 2-3 in the
vacuum
chamber 2-2, which absorbs the heat or evaporates to rapidly dispel the heat,
and
then the heat is transferred to the fluid passage 2-4a through the finned thin
wall and
finally taken away by the cool fluid. Since the cooling area is increased and
the heat
transfer medium 2-3 is placed in a position that is nearest to the heat
source, and by
-- 25 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
taking the advantages of phase change of fluid and the super heat transfer
process
of heat efficient heat transfer substances, the whole cooling surface has an
even
distribution of temperature and every unit cooling area can exert its function
to an
utmost extent, which is unrivalled by any other coolers with similar
structure.
Application Example 3
As shown in Figs. 3-1 and 3-2, Application Example 3 is a kind of heat pipe
applicable to integrated heat pipe coolers with a thin-wall rectangle pipe
structure for
cooling CPU of computers, or high-power power electronic components.
It is a kind of integrated heat pipe composed of a shell 3-1 with an enclosed
chamber 3-2 that is vacuumed to fill in a heat transfer medium 3-3. It
features 11
groups of heat carrier 3-4 in the inner side of the enclosed vacuum chamber 3-
2 that
is enclosed by the rectangle shell, and the left and right end plates 3-6 of
the shell;
the heat carrier is a fluid passage 3-4a structure composed of thin-wall pipes
with a
rectangle cross section and runs through both ends of the end plates 3-6 of
the shell;
the outer wall of each thin-wall pipe with rectangle cross section constitutes
the inner
chamber of the heat carrier 3-4 and is connected with the enclosed vacuum
chamber
3-2 and inside the enclosed vacuum chamber 3-2; the inner wall of each
rectangle
thin wall pipe is the cooling surface of the fluid passage 3-4a of the heat
carrier,
which contacts with the cool fluid; each group of heat carrier shares the same
enclosed vacuum chamber 3-2 and the heat transfer medium 3-3 in the chamber,
and
each group of heat carrier 3-4 is both independent and connected with each
other;
the enclosed vacuum chamber 3-2 is vacuumed and filled in the heat transfer
medium 3-3; in order to guarantee normal heat transfer in an inclining state,
when
applying phase change heat transfer fluids, the interior of the enclosed
chamber 3-2
is embedded with the liquid absorption cartridge 3-5.
In the inner wall of thin-wall pipe with rectangle cross-section, several fins
with
their wall closely contacting can be fabricated to increase the cooling area
of the heat
pipe.
The cross section of the thin-wall fluid passage can be of other shapes, such
as round shape, polygonal shape, dentiform shape or other geometric shapes.
-- 26 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
At least one plane of the shell 3-1 embedded with the liquid absorption
cartridge 3-5 should be made into a plain heat absorption end matching the
plane of
the heat source and placed on the top of the heat source to take in heat. The
shell
transfers the heat to the heat transfer medium 3-3 in the enclosed vacuum
chamber
3-2, the heat transfer medium takes in the heat or rapid evaporate to dispel
the heat,
and the heat is transferred to the cool fluid in the fluid passage 3-4a
through the thin-
wall of the pipes with rectangle cross section and finally taken away by the
cool fluid.
Since the cooling area is increased and the heat transfer medium 3-3 is placed
in a
position that is nearest to the heat source, and by taking the advantages of
phase
change of fluid and the super heat transfer process of heat efficient heat
transfer
substances, the whole cooling surface has an even distribution of temperature
and
every unit cooling area can exert its function to an utmost extent, which is
unrivalled
by any other coolers with similar structure.
Application Example 4
As shown in Figs. 4-1 and 4-2, Application Example 4 is a kind of integrated
heat pipe applicable to integrated heat pipe coolers with a mirror image
structure
including a cylinder shell with even distribution of 9 pipes and a base for
cooling CPU
of computers, or high-power power electronic components.
It is a kind of integrated heat pipe composed of a shell 4-1 with an enclosed
chamber 4-2 that is vacuumed to fill in a heat transfer medium 4-3. It
features 9
groups of cylinder heat carrier 4-4 in the outer side of the enclosed vacuum
chamber
4-2. The heat absorption end of the shell 4-1 is a thin-wall structure made of
hollow
rectangle plate and its opposite end has the mirror image, which enables the
connection of inner chamber of the fluid passage 4-4 of the 9 groups of
cylinder thin-
wall pipes and connection of the enclosed vacuum chamber; the internal surface
of
each group of heat carrier is the inner chamber of the heat carrier 4-4, and
is
connected with the enclosed vacuum chamber 4-2 and is the extension to the
enclosed vacuum chamber 4-2; the outer surface of each group of heat carrier
is the
cooling surface of the fluid passage 4-4a of the heat carrier 4-4, which
contacts with
the cool fluid. In order to further increase cooling area of the heat carrier
4-4, 12
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CA 02474621 2004-07-23
groups of sinks 4-11 parallel to the hollow thin-wall rectangle plates are
fabricated
between the hollow thin-wall rectangle plates and they run through the
cylinder pipes;
each group of heat carrier shares the same enclosed vacuum chamber 4-2 and the
heat transfer medium 4-3 in the chamber, and each group of heat carrier 4-4 is
both
independent and connected with each other; the enclosed vacuum chamber 4-2 is
vacuumed and filled in the heat transfer medium 4-3; in order to guarantee
normal
heat transfer in an inclining state, when applying phase change heat transfer
fluids,
the interior of the enclosed chamber 4-2 is embedded with the liquid
absorption
cartridge 4-5.
At least one part of the shell 4-1 should be made into a plain heat absorption
end matching the plane of the heat source and placed on the top of the heat
source
to take in heat. The shell transfers the heat to the heat transfer medium of
the 4-3 in
the enclosed vacuum chamber 4-2, the heat transfer medium takes in the heat or
rapid evaporate to dispel the heat, and the heat is transferred to the cool
fluid in the
fluid passage 4-4a through the thin-wall of the cylinder pipes and finally
taken away
by the cool fluid. Since the cooling area is increased and the heat transfer
medium 3-
3 is placed in a position that is nearest to the heat source, and by taking
the
advantages of phase change of fluid and the super heat transfer process of
heat
efficient heat transfer substances, the whole cooling surface has an even
distribution
of temperature and every unit cooling area can exert its function to an utmost
extent.
Application Example 5
As shown in Fig. 5, Application Example 5 is a kind of integrated heat pipe
applicable to crystallize for continuous ingot casting systems with continuous
casting
and rolling process in the metallurgy industry.
It is a kind of integrated heat pipe composed of a shell 5-1 with an enclosed
chamber 5-2 that is vacuumed to fill in a heat transfer medium 5-3. It
features an heat
carrier 5-4 inside the enclosed chamber 5-2 enclosed by the cylinder shell 5-1
(or
other geometric shapes), and the end plates 5-3 of the shell; the heat
absorption
chamber 5-1 a in the shell 5-1 is designed to serve as the heat absorption end
which
is closely incorporated with the graphite sleeve 5-12; the central hole in the
graphite
sleeve 5-12 is the passage for melting metal with the 5-15 as the inlet of
casting
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CA 02474621 2004-07-23
liquid and 5-16 as the outlet of casting ingots; the entrance 5-13 for
lubricant oil is
fabricated between the heat absorption chamber 5-1 a and the graphite sleeve;
the
heat carrier 5-4 is composed of 80 groups of thin-wall pipes with round cross
section
which run through both ends of the end plates 5-6; the outer wall surface of
each
pipe is the inner chamber of the heat carrier 5-4 and is connected with the
enclosed
vacuum chamber and placed inside the enclosed vacuum chamber; the inner wall
surface of each pipe is the cooling surface of the fluid passage 5-4a of each
heat
carrier, which contact with the cool fluid; each group of heat carrier shares
the same
enclosed vacuum chamber 5-2 and the heat transfer medium 5-3 in the chamber,
and
each group of heat carrier 5-4 is both independent and connected with each
other;
the enclosed vacuum chamber 4-2 is vacuumed and filled in the heat transfer
medium 5-3; in order to guarantee normal heat transfer of the heat absorption
chamber 5-1 a which serves a the heat absorption end, when applying phase
change
heat transfer fluids, the inner wall of the heat absorption chamber 5-1 a in
the
enclosed vacuum chamber 5-2 is embedded with the liquid absorption cartridge 5-
5.
When working, the heat absorption chamber 5-1 a which runs through the end
plates at both ends of the shell 5-1 serves as the heat absorption end and
contacts
with the graphite sleeve 5-12 to take in the heat from the heat source, and
the heat is
transferred to the heat transfer medium 5-3, which absorbs the heat or
evaporates to
dispel the heat, and the heat is transferred to the cool fluid in fluid
passage 5-4a
through the thin wall pips with round cross section and finally taken away by
the cool
fluid, which enable the hot fluid that contacts with the graphite sleeve to
rapidly freeze
to molding.
The cross section of the fluid passage 5-4a can also be of other geometric
shapes, such as rectangle shape, polygon shape, dentiform shape etc
An auxiliary fluid passage 5-8 is built between the upper surface and lower
surface of the shell 5-1 and is connected with the abovementioned fluid
passage 5-
4a, and it is equipped with an entrance 5-9;
The heat absorption chamber 5-1 a can be of other geometric shapes, such as
such as rectangle shape, polygon, dentiform shape etc. 5-14 is the orifice of
spraying
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CA 02474621 2004-07-23
cool water for cooling casting ingots.
Application Example 6
As shown in Figs. 6-1, 6-2 and 6-3, Application Example 6 is a kind of heat
pipe applicable to integrated heat pipe cold modules for producing bulk metal
materials in a rapid solidification process. No other cooling sources or
additional
assistant cooling device is required for this integrated heat pipe. It can be
used singly
or by connecting up two pieces together.
It is a kind of integrated heat pipe composed of a shell 6-1 with an enclosed
chamber 6-2 in which a heat transfer medium 6-3 is filled. Its features is
that the heat
absorption end 6-1 a of the shell that is vertical to the axis of the heat
pipe is built on
the outer side of the enclosed chamber 6-2, and is a plane of the heat pipe;
the heat
carrier 6-4 is built in the enclosed vacuum chamber 6-2 which is enclosed by
the shell
6-1 of the heat container integrated heat pipe; the heat carrier 6-4 is a heat
container
6-4a made metal materials with high heat conducting coefficient and large heat
capacity, and it has large enough surface area to absorb and store heat (the
heat
container 6-4b is actually the hidden heat elimination end built inside the
integrated
heat pipe); the heat container 6-4b is made of one group of spiral curled foil
of red
copper with large surface area; each layer has enough space for the heat
transfer
medium 6-3 to transfer heat; the aperture between layers is set up to face the
heat
absorption end; the enclosed vacuum chamber 6-2 is vacuumed and filled with
heat
transfer medium 6-3. The shell 6-1 and its heat absorption end 6-1a enclose
the heat
container 6-4b within the enclosed chamber 6-2 which is vacuumed and filled
with
some heat transfer medium6-3 to form an integrated heat pipe with a heat
container.
The structure of the heat container 6-4b can be made metal foil, sheet,
filament, wire in honeycomb shape, flocculent, gunny fiber like, film, or
spiral curled
flake or lapped layers, thin-wall pipe in set or even the combination of these
forms.
Part of the shell 6-1 serves as the heat-in plane. In order to ensure that the
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CA 02474621 2004-07-23
heat is transferred normally in the heat-in plane of the heat pipe, the outer
rim of the
enclosed vacuum chamber 6-2 and the inner wall surface of the heat-in plane
should
be embedded with the liquid absorption cartridge 6-5 when phase change of the
heat
transfer medium is used to transfer heat.
. Single heat pipe or double heat pipes or even multiple heat pipes
integration
may be used in this invention.
When the heat pipe is used singly, a template made of materials with high heat
conducting coefficient, such as red copper, should be set between the heat
absorption end of the heat pipe and another end plate made of materials with
high
heat conducting coefficient, such as red copper, and the heat absorption end,
the end
plate and the template should be pieced together with bolts. On the middle of
template, a hole is engraved and a passage for melting metal and an exhaustion
passage are set aside, and the heat absorption end, the end plate and the
template
are engraved to form a heat chamber 6-1a. When melting metal alloy for casting
is
pouring into the heat chamber 6-1 a, heat can be swiftly transferred from the
heat
absorption end 6-1 a of the heat pipe to the heat transfer medium 6-3 in the
enclosed
vacuum chamber 6-2, where heat can be absorbed by the heat transfer medium or
swiftly diffused by the evaporation of the heat transfer medium; and finally
the heat
transferred by liquid phase change or good heat-transferring material can be
diffused
and absorbed swiftly through each layer of spiral curled film or foil material
with larger
surface area. The melting alloy with instant release of solidification
potential energy
and critical heat energy keeps the metallic structures of liquid alloy
molecule of short-
range, chaos and disorder, and finally the instant solidification metal
material of non-
crystal, crystallite or quasi-crystal state, etc. is thus obtained.
Better heat transfer efficiency can be obtained by inserting the material with
high heat conductivity coefficient (such as template made of red copper) that
has an
inlet for casting and an air vent between two heat pipes. Three or more heat
pipes
can be used as an integrated one.
Application Example 7
As shown in Figs. 7-1 and 7-2, Application Example 7 is a kind of heat pipe
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CA 02474621 2004-07-23
applicable to rotating integrated pipe-bundle heat pipe roller for producing
metal
strips through rapid solidification process.
It is a kind of integrated heat pipe composed of a shell 7-1 with an enclosed
vacuum chamber 7-2 where the heat transfer medium 7-3 is filled. Its feature
is that
the heat absorption end of the shell 7-1 with round cross section and
rectangle
vertical section is at the outer side of the enclosed chamber; the heat
carrier is set in
the vacuum chamber 7-2 enclosed by the cylinder shell 7-1 and the end plates 7-
6 of
the shell; the heat carrier 7-4 is a thin-wall liquid passage 7-4a composed of
110
groups of thin-wall pipe with round section, and it runs through both ends of
the end
plates 7-6 of the shell; the outer surface of the wall of each thin-wall pipe
is the inner
chamber of the hear carrier 7-4 and is connected with and in side the enclosed
vacuum chamber 7-2; each internal wall surface of the thin-wall pipe with
round
section is a liquid passage 7-4a of the heat carrier 7-4, and it is the heat
dispersed
surface of heat carrier 7-4 that contacts with the cold liquid; each group of
heat
carrier shares an enclosed vacuum chamber 7-2 and the heat transfer medium7-3
inside the enclosed vacuum chamber 7-2; each group of heat carrier 7-4 is not
only
independent but also connected with each other; the closed chamber 7-2 is
vacuumed and filled with heat transfer medium 7-3; in order to guarantee
normal
transfer of heat when the roller rotates at a low speed, the outer rim of the
enclosed
vacuum chamber 7-2 and the inner surface of the wall of the shell 7-1 should
be
embedded with the liquid absorption cartridge7-5 when phase change of the heat
transfer medium is used to transfer heat.
When it works, the outer surface of the rotary cylinder shell 7-1 that serves
as
the heat absorption end contacts with the heat sources and takes in heat, and
then
transfers the heat to the heat transfer medium7-3 in the enclosed vacuum
chamber
7-2, where the heat is absorbed by the heat transfer medium or swiftly
diffused by the
evaporation of the heat transfer medium, and then the heat can be conveyed to
the
cold liquid in the liquid passage 7-4a by each group of the round section thin-
wall
pipe, and finally the heat of the heat sources will be taken away by the cold
liquid to
make the hot metal liquid contacting with the surface of the cylinder shell 7-
1 solidify
swiftly.
-- 32 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
The section of the liquid passage 7-4a may be of other shapes, such as
rectangle shape, dentiform shape, etc.
An auxiliary fluid passage 7-8 is built at both ends of the shell and is
connected with the abovementioned fluid passage 7-4a, and it is equipped with
an
entrance 7-9 for in exit and entrance of fluid. The shell 7-1 is mounted on
the rotary
axis, making this pipe bundle-melting roller a rotator.
The section of the heat absorption chamber 10-1 a can be of other geometric
shapes, such as round, rectangle, polygonal, dentiform shape, or the
combination of
these shapes.
The vertical section of the heat absorption end can be of an extended type, or
other geometric shapes that suitable for turning.
The shape the thin-wall fluid passage 7-4a can also be of other geometric
shapes, such as rectangle shape, polygonal shape, dentiform shape etc.
This invention will have specific heat transfer mechanism when liquid medium
is used; their features are as follows:
a) The round section shell 7-1 of the heat pipe will serve as the surface of
the heat absorption end to contact heat sources and absorb heat when it
rotates at a
high speed, it will transfer the heat absorbed through its wall surface of the
heat
absorption end of its shell to the heat transfer medium 7-3 in the same
enclosed
vacuum chamber 7-2 which is thrown onto the internal wall surface of the heat
absorption end by the centrifugal force, where the heat is absorbed by the
heat
transfer medium7-3 and the heat transfer medium7-3 rapidly evaporates to
dispel the
heat; saturated water vapor fills the space of the enclosed vacuum chamber 7-2
and
pass through the low temperature thin-wall liquid passage 7-4 , and it
condenses
instantly on the surface of the thin-wall liquid passage 7-4, the carrying
evaporating
heat is released there, and then the heat is conveyed by the thin-wall liquid
passage
7-4 to the cold liquid in the outer chamber 7-4a of the thin-wall liquid
passage, and
finally the heat absorbed by the heat pipe will be taken away by the cold
liquid. As the
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CA 02474621 2004-07-23
condensed liquid medium on the surface of the thin-wall liquid passage
accumulates,
it is thrown again on to the internal wall surface of the heat absorption end
under the
centrifugal force and a new round heat transfer begins, and in this way, it
repeats
continuously. This method has large heat radiating surface, uses the phase
change
to realize even heat transfer under the isothermal surface conditions. The
centrifugal
force of the heat pipe rotating ensures the liquid medium flow to the heat
absorption
end and reduce tremendously the heat stagnation at the interface during the
heat
transfer of the phase change, thus the best heat transfer effectiveness will
be
acquired.
b) The round section shell 7-1 will be served as the heat absorption end to
contact heat sources and absorb heat when it rotates at low speed, it will
transfer the
heat absorbed through its wall surface of the heat absorption end of its shell
to the
heat transfer liquid medium 7-3 within the same enclosed vacuum chamber 7-2
which
will adhere onto the internal wall surface of the heat pipe liquid absorption
cartridge
7-5 by the cohesive force, there heat can be absorbed by the heat transfer
medium7-
3 and rapid evaporate to dispel the heat. Saturated water vapor fills the
space of the
enclosed vacuum chamber 7-2 and pass through the low temperature thin-wall
liquid
passage 7-4, and it condenses instantly on the surface of the thin-wall liquid
passage
7-4, the carrying evaporating heat is released there, and then the heat is
conveyed
by the thin-wall liquid passage 7-4 to the cold liquid outside the closed
chamber 7-4a
of the thin-wall liquid passage, and finally the heat of the heat pipe will be
taken away
by the cold liquid. As the condensed liquid medium on the surface of the thin-
wall
liquid passage accumulates, it returns again to the lowest position of the
enclosed
chamber 7-2 of the heat pipe under its own gravity, the liquid medium 7-3 will
run into
the heat pipe liquid absorption cartridge under the capillary force and it is
brought
again to the position where it can contact the heat sources, thus a new round
heat
transfer begins, and in this way, it repeats continuously. This method has
large heat
radiating surface, uses the phase change to realize even heat transfer under
the
isothermal surface conditions. The capillary force of the heat pipe liquid
absorption
cartridge and the adhesive force of the liquid medium of the heat pipe ensures
the
liquid medium flow to the heat absorption end, thus the best heat transfer
effectiveness will be acquired.
-- 34 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
Application Example 8
Figs. 8-1 and 8-2 illustrate an integrated heat pipe of this Application
example
8, an internal tooth form chamber (or may be called the enclosed corrugated
thin-wall
configuration) rotating integrated heat pipe roller used for the preparation
of instant
metal thin strip and the metal strip of the continuous casting and rolling
processes in
metallurgical industry.
It is kind of integrated heat pipe which includes enclosed vacuum chamber 8-2
and the shell 7-1 filled with heat transfer medium 8-3 having the following
features:
the cross section of the heat absorption end 8-1 of the heat pipe shell is
round and its
vertical section is a rectangle, and the heat absorption end is set on the
lateral side of
the closed chamber 8-2; the heat carrier 8-4 is set inside the enclosed vacuum
chamber 8-2 which is composed by cylindrical section shell 8-1 and the end
plate of
shell 8-6; heat carrier 8-4 is composed of 12 sets(or one set of 12 tooth-like
internal
dentiform shape chamber section thin-wall pipes) of the thin-wall liquid
passage 8-4a
which run through the both ends of the shell end plate 8-6; each tooth
internal-wall
side of the internal dentiform shape chamber section thin-wall pipe is an
internal
chamber of heat carrier 8-4 that is set inside the enclosed vacuum chamber 8-2
and
communicates with each other; the outer wall surface of each internal
dentiform
shape chamber section is a liquid passage 8-4a of the heat carrier 8-4, and it
is the
heat dispersed surface of heat carrier 8-4 that contacts with the cold liquid;
each
group of heat carrier shares a enclosed vacuum chamber 8-2 and the heat
transfer
medium8-3 inside the enclosed vacuum chamber 8-2; each group of heat carrier 8-
4
is not only independent but also communicates with each other; the enclosed
vacuum chamber of 8-2 is vacuumed and filled with heat transfer medium 8-3; in
order to guarantee heat transfer is normal when the roller rotates at a low
speed, the
outer rim of the enclosed vacuum chamber 8-2 should be enclosed and the liquid
absorption cartridge 8-5 of the heat pipe should be set on the internal-wall
of the shell
8-1 when liquid heat transfer medium is used as phase change material for heat
transferring.
When it operates, the heat absorption end of lateral side surface of the
rotating
cylindrical shell 8-1 contacts heat sources and absorbs heat, and then
transfers the
heat to the heat transfer medium 8-3 within the same enclosed vacuum chamber 8-
2
-- 35 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
at the same time, and there heat can be absorbed by the heat transfer medium
or
swiftly diffused by the evaporation of the heat transfer medium, and then the
heat can
be conveyed to the cold liquid within the liquid passage 8-4a by each set of
the round
section thin-wall pipe, and finally the heat will be taken away by the cold
liquid to
make the hot liquid on the surface of the contacted round chamber 8-1
solidified
swiftly.
Internal tooth-shape chamber section thin-wall pipe may constitute the section
of the liquid passage 8-4a in a ragged way.
An assistant liquid passage 8-8, which has exit-entrance 8-9 for liquid, is
set at
the right and left end plates of the shell 8-1 that communicates the
abovementioned
liquid passage.
The chamber 8-1 will be installed on the rotating axis to make the pipe bundle
melt rotating roller to be a rotating body.
The vertical section of the heat absorption end 8-1 of the heat pipe shell may
have a drum type shape, or other geometric configurations that are suitable
for
rotating operation.
The section of the thin-wall liquid passage 8-4a may have other geometric
configurations, such as rectangle, polygon, tooth form, etc.
This invention includes a specific heat transfer mechanism when liquid
medium is used; its features are as follows:
a) The round section shell 8-1 of the heat pipe will be served as the heat
absorbing-end to contact heat sources and absorb heat when it operates at a
high
speed rotating operation, it will transfer the heat absorbed through its wall
surface of
the heat absorption end of its shell to the heat transfer medium 8-3 within
the same
enclosed vacuum chamber 8-2 which is thrown onto the internal wall surface of
the
heat absorption end by the centrifugal force, there heat can be absorbed by
the heat
-- 36 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
transfer medium 8-3 and swiftly diffused by the evaporation of the heat
transfer
medium 8-3. Saturated water vapor fills the space of the enclosed vacuum
chamber
8-2 and pass through the low temperature thin-wall liquid passage 8-4, and it
condenses instantly on the surface of the thin-wall liquid passage8-4, the
carrying
evaporating heat is released there, and then the heat is conveyed by the thin-
wall
liquid passage 8-4 to the cold liquid outside the enclosed chamber 8-4a of the
thin-
wall liquid passage, and finally the heat absorbed by the heat pipe will be
taken away
by the cold liquid. As the condensed liquid medium on the surface of the thin-
wall
liquid passage accumulates, it is thrown again on to the internal wall surface
of the
heat absorption end under the centrifugal force and a new round heat transfer
begins, and in this way, it repeats continuously. This method has large heat
radiating
surface, uses the phase change to realize even heat transfer under the
isothermal
surface conditions. The centrifugal force of the heat pipe rotating ensures
the liquid
medium flow to the heat absorption end and reduce tremendously the heat
stagnation at the interface during the heat transfer of the phase change, thus
the best
heat transfer effectiveness will be acquired.
b) The round section shell 8-1 will be served as the heat absorbing-end to
contact heat sources and absorb heat when it operates at a low speed rotating
operation, it will transfer the heat absorbed through its wall surface of the
heat
absorption end of its shell to the heat transfer liquid medium 8-3 within the
same
enclosed vacuum chamber 8-2 which will adhere onto the internal wall surface
of the
liquid absorption cartridge of heat pipe 8-5 by the cohesive force, there heat
can be
absorbed by the heat transfer medium8-3 and swiftly diffused by the
evaporation of
the heat transfer medium8-3; saturated water vapor fills the space of the
enclosed
vacuum chamber 8-2 and pass through the low temperature thin-wall liquid
passage
8-4 , and it condenses instantly on the surface of the thin-wall liquid
passage 8-4, the
carrying evaporating heat is released there, and then the heat is conveyed by
the
thin-wall liquid passage 8-4 to the cold liquid outside the enclosed chamber 8-
4a of
the thin-wall liquid passage, and finally the heat of the heat pipe will be
taken away
by the cold liquid. As the condensed liquid medium on the surface of the thin-
wall
liquid passage accumulates, it returns again to the lowest position of the
enclosed
shell 8-2 of the heat pipe under its own gravity, the liquid medium 8-3 will
run into the
liquid absorption cartridge 8-5 of the heat pipe under the capillary force and
it is
__ 3~ __
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
brought again to the position where it can contact the heat sources, thus a
new round
heat transfer begins, and in this way, it repeats continuously. This method
has large
heat radiating surface, uses the phase change to realize even heat transfer
under the
isothermal surface conditions. The capillary force of the liquid absorption
cartridge of
the heat pipe and the adhesive force of the liquid medium of the heat pipe
ensures
the liquid medium flow to the heat-absorbing end, thus the best heat transfer
effectiveness will be acquired.
Application Example 9
As shown in Figs. 9-1 and 9-2, Application Example 9 is a kind of reversed
cone nozzle with a radial in-line finned structure applicable to plasma
welding and
cutting nozzle.
It is a kind of integrated heat pipe composed of shell 9-1 with an closed
chamber 9-2 filled in heat transfer medium 9-3, featuring a round heat
absorbing
chamber 9-1 a that runs through the cross section of the shell is set at the
heat-
absorbing end of the shell 9-1, its vertical section is a reversed trapezoidal
shape; the
heat carrier 9-4 is set on the lateral side of the enclosed vacuum chamber 9-
2; the
heat carrier 9-4 has a thin-wall fluid passage 9-4a configuration with radial
in-line
distribution of 12 long fins and matching with the axis of the heat pipe, the
inner side
of each group of long fin is the internal chamber of the heat carrier 9-4, and
is
connected with the closed vacuum chamber 9-2 and the extension to the closed
vacuum chamber 9-2; the outer side of each long fin is cooling surface of the
fluid
passage 9-4a of the heat carrier 9-4, which contacts with the cool fluid; each
group of
the heat carrier shares an enclosed chamber 9-2 and the heat transfer medium 9-
3 in
the closed vacuum chamber 9-2; each group of heat carrier 9-4 is both
independent
and connected with each other; the wall surface of the enclosed vacuum chamber
9-
2 and wall surface of the fluid passage 9-4a with a corrugated radial in-line
finned
thin-wall structure combined to constitute the shell 9-1 of the integrated
heat pipe; the
enclosed vacuum chamber 9-2 is vacuumed and filled in the heat transfer medium
9-
3; when applying phase change heat transfer fluids, the inner wall of the heat
absorption chamber 9-1 a in the enclosed vacuum chamber 9-2 is embedded with
the
liquid absorption cartridge 9-5.
__ 3g __
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
The cross section of the heat-absorbing chamber 9-1 a of the shell 9-1 may
have other shapes, such as rectangle, polygon, etc.
In order to speed up the cold air convection cooling, an outer shell 9-10 is
nestled closely to the outer rim of the corrugated thin-wall liquid passage 9-
4a.
The corrugated thin-wall liquid passage 9-4a may have other curved surface,
such as radial bent fins, etc. To further expand the cooling surface of the
heat pipe,
some fins that closely contact with the passage walls are to be mounted
between the
corrugated fin thin-wall fluid passages 9-4a that are adjacent to each other.
Connecting screw thread that uses to connect with externally mounted
equipments will be prepared on the shell 9-1.
The enclosed chamber 9-1 a of the shell 9-1 transfers the absorbed heat by its
wall surface to the heat transfer medium 9-3 in the closed vacuum chamber 9-2,
the
heat transfer medium absorbs the heat or evaporates to rapidly dispel the
heat, and
then the heat is transferred to the lateral side fluid passage 9-4a through
the wall
surface of the corrugated radial in-line finned thin-wall and finally taken
away by the
cool fluid. Since the cooling area is increased and the heat transfer medium 9-
3 is
placed in a position that is nearest to the heat source, and by taking the
advantages
of phase change of fluid and the super heat transfer process of heat efficient
heat
transfer substances, the whole cooling surface has an even distribution of
temperature and every unit cooling area can exert its function to an utmost
extent,
which is unrivalled by any other nozzles with similar structure and nozzles
with
straight heat pipe structure.
Application Example 10
As shown in Figs 10-1 and 10-2, Application Example 10 is a kind of complex
section integrated heat pipe heat exchanger applicable to the heat exchange
between two fluid mediums.
It is a kind of heat pipe composed of a shell 10-1 with an enclosed chamber
10-2 in which a heat transfer medium 10-3 is filled. It features a thin-wall
heat
-- 39 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
absorption chamber 10-1 a with heart-shape surface with radial distribution of
12
groups of round pipe along the axis of the heat pipe that is built on the heat
absorption end of the shell and runs through the two end covers of the shell
11-1; the
heat carrier 10-4 is set on the outer side of the enclosed vacuum chamber; the
heat
carrier 10-4 has a thin-wall fluid passage 10-4a structure with radial
distribution of 48
long fins along the axis of the heat chamber 10-1 a; the inner side of each
fin is the
internal chamber of the heat carrier 10-4, and is connected with the vacuum
chamber
10-2 and the extension to the vacuum chamber 10-2; the outer side of each fin
is
cooling surface of the fluid passage 10-4a of the heat carrier 10-4, which
contacts
with the cool fluid; each group of the heat carrier shares an enclosed chamber
10-2
and the heat transfer medium 10-3 in the vacuum chamber; each group of heat
carrier 10-4 is independent while connected with each other; the heat
absorption
chamber 10-1 a of the shell, the thin-wall fluid passage 10-4a, and the two
end
covers of the shell 10-1 enclose to form the enclosed chamber 10-2 and the
shell of
the heat pipe; the enclosed vacuum chamber 10-2 is vacuumed and filled in the
heat
transfer medium 10-3; when applying phase change of the heat transfer medium
to
realize heat transfer, the wall surface of the enclosed chamber corresponding
to the
heat-in camber 10-1 a should be embedded with the liquid absorption cartridge
10-5;
the middle part of the auxiliary fluid passage 10-11 which is wrapped in the
two ends
of the shell 10-1 contains the thin-wall fluid passage 10-4a. These parts and
the heat
pipe combined form integrated heat pipe heat exchanger with blended-shape
plane.
When heat exchange, the hot fluid runs into the heat absorbing chamber10-1 a
through the exit-entrance 10-10 and the assistant fluid passage 10-12 and then
it is
transferred by the wall surface to the heat transfer medium 10-3 in the closed
vacuum chamber 10-2, the heat transfer medium absorbs the heat or evaporates
to
rapidly dispel the heat, and then the heat is transferred to the lateral side
fluid
passage 10-4a through each group corrugated radial in-line finned thin-wall
and
finally taken away by the cool fluid. Since the cooling area is increased and
the heat
transfer medium 10-3 is placed in a position that is nearest to the heat
source, and by
taking the advantages of phase change of fluid and the super heat transfer
process
of heat efficient heat transfer substances, the whole cooling surface has an
even
distribution of temperature and every unit cooling area can exert its function
to an
utmost extent, the heat exchange among the fluid within the small volume can
be
-- 40 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
realized, and the heat transfer efficiency shall be raised accordingly.
After the impact of gravity is taken into consideration, this heat pipe cooler
shall be used vertically or in a certain declining angle when fluid-working
medium is
employed.
The section of the heat-absorbing chamber 10-1 a may have other geometric
configurations, such as round, rectangle, polygonal, tooth form, or their
combination
shape.
The section of the thin-wall fluid passage 10-4a may be processed as other
geometric configurations, such as radial bent finned shape or some
combinations of
round, rectangle, polygonal, tooth form, etc. thin-wall closed pipe fluid
passage
configurations that run through both end covers10-1 of the shell
correspondingly.
Application Example 11
As shown in Figs. 11-1 and 11-2, Application Example 1 is a kind of heat pipe
applicable to integrated heat pipe rotors with blended shape plane for
generators and
motors.
It is a kind of integrated heat pipe composed of a shell 11-1 with an enclosed
chamber 11-2 in which a heat transfer medium 11-3 is filled. Its feature is
the outer
round shell is the heat absorption end 11-6, three groups of radial, in-line,
finned thin
wall cambers 11-6a to take in heat, the heat absorption end is on the outer
side of the
enclosed vacuum chamber, the heat carrier 11-4 that runs through the two end
covers of the shell is the thin-wall fluid passage 11-4a with radial
distribution of 16
long fins matching with the axis of the heat pipe; the inner side of each fin
is the
internal chamber of the heat carrier 11-4, and is connected with the vacuum
chamber
11-2 and the extension to the vacuum chamber 11-2; the outer side of each fin
is
cooling surface of the fluid passage 11-4a of the heat carrier 11-4, which
contacts
with the cool fluid; each group of the heat carrier shares an enclosed chamber
11-2
and the heat transfer medium 11-3 in the vacuum chamber; each group of heat
-- 41 --
CA 02474621 2004-07-23
carrier 11-4 is independent while connected with each other; the heat
absorption end
11-6 of the shell, the thin-wall fluid passage 11-4a, and the two end covers
of the
shell 11-1 enclose to form the enclosed chamber 11-2 and the shell of the heat
pipe;
the enclosed vacuum chamber 11-2 is vacuumed and filled in the heat transfer
medium 11-3; when applying phase change of the heat transfer medium to realize
heat transfer, the wall surface of the enclosed chamber corresponding to the
heat-in
camber 11-6a composed of 3 groups of radial, in-line fins of the heat
absorption end
should be embedded with the liquid absorption cartridge 11-5; the axis of the
rotor
and the middle part of the auxiliary fluid passage 11-8 which is wrapped in
the two
ends of the shell 11-1 contains the thin-wall fluid passage 11-4a. These parts
and the
heat pipe combined form the body of the rotor with blended-shape plane.
The thin-wall heat-in camber 11-6a with radial and in-line arrangement of fins
can be set up according to the heat source of the rotor, the heat generated by
the
heat source of the rotor is transferred to the heat transfer medium 11-3 in
the
enclosed chamber 11-2 through the thin-wall heat-in camber 11-6a with radial
and in-
line fins, the heat transfer medium 1-3 then take in the heat and evaporates
to dispel
the heat, and the heat is transferred to the cool fluid in the fluid passage 4-
4a through
each group of the finned thin-wall and finally taken away by the cool fluid.
Since the
cooling area is increased and the heat transfer medium 3-3 is placed in a
position
that is nearest to the heat source, and by taking the advantages of phase
change of
fluid and the super heat transfer process of heat efficient heat transfer
substances,
the whole cooling surface has an even distribution of temperature and the heat
transfer effect is high, which is contributes to increasing the cooling effect
and safety
and reliability of the rotor.
The shape of the thin-wall fluid passage 11-4a can also be of other geometric
shapes, such as radial curved finned shape etc., or enclosed thin-wall pipe
fluid
passage structure enclosed by several groups of pipes with round shape,
rectangle
shape, polygon shape, dentiform shape etc. that run through the two end covers
of
the shell 11-1.
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CA 02474621 2004-07-23
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
This invention takes the advantages of diversity of design in heat absorption
ends of the shell of heat pipe and placement of heat transfer medium in the
enclosed
chamber in a position that is nearest to the heat-in surface to reduce contact
of heat
source and heat resistance; set up of the heat carrier either on the outer
side, inner
side or outer and inner sides of the enclosed chamber to obtain the largest
cooling
surface area in the smallest volume; the super heat transfer ability of the
heat
transfer medium to carry heat to the near place of the heat carrier to the
cooling end
to increase heat transfer speed and ability. This invention is both applicable
to
contacting heat sources and fluid medium heat sources and offers such
advantages
as low comprehensive heat resistance, large cooling area and high heat
transfer
speed etc.
This invention also has the advantages of a variety of applications in a
number
of engineering fields, including cooling for solids that contact with heat
sources based
on the principle of heat transfer, such as cooling of CPU and cards of
computers and
high-power power electronic components etc; rotating heat source of rotating
shafts
such as cooling rollers for producing metal strips with rapid solidification
process,
rollers and casting wheels for continuous casting in metallurgy industry,
motor rotors
and turbine rotors etc.; crystallizing for continuous casting in metallurgy
industry and
producing metal wires with rapid solidification process; rotors in engines,
motors and
similar motorized mechanical rotors; producing bulk metal materials of non-
crystal,
crystallite or quasi-crystal state, etc. with a rapid solidification process
in new type
metal materials industry; plasma welding and cutting torches, plasma nozzles
for
spraying paints, nozzles of electron beam welding gun, nozzles of high-power
arc
welding gun etc.
Other features, aspects and objects of the invention can be obtained from a
review of the figures and the claims.
The forgoing descriptions and Examples are included for illustrative purposes
only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other
features, aspects
and objects of the invention can be obtained from a review of the figures and
the
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CA 02474621 2004-07-23
claims. It is to be understood that other embodiments of the invention can be
developed and fall within the spirit and scope of the invention and claims.
Each of the references cited above in this application is herein incorporated
fully by references.
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