Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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Underarm Products With Superabsorbent Component
Field of the Invention
This invention relates to suspension products that are useful to reduce
underarm
wetness, for example, antiperspirant and/or deodorant agents. These products
axe
particularly advantageous in providing deodorants that have reduced wetness
without
the use of an antiperspirant active. They are also advantageous in providing
antiperspirants with additional wetness benefits. This application is a
continuation-in-
part of copending case U.S. Serial Number 10/696,764, filed October 29, 2003.
Background of the Invention
A variety of technologies have attempted to use superabsorbent polymers of
various types in a wide variety of applications. These technologies include
the
construction of diaper products for children and adults, and the use of
superabsorbent
polymers to clean up liquid spills. The problems associated with the use of
such
polymers in personal care applications include a wet and sticky feel and skin
irntation.
Additionally, it has been difficult to find a way of applying such products in
the
underarm area in a way that results in an aesthetically acceptable product
form.
It has now been found that selected superabsorbent polymers in certain
formulations both with and without antiperspirant or deodorant agents may be
used to
create superior anti-wetness products. Because of the characteristic that they
have some
salt tolerant behavior, these polymers can also be used in the presence of
antiperspirants
to create superior wetness control.
Brief Summary of the Invention
The invention comprises an underarm product suitable for use to reduce wetness
under the arm. It may be viewed as providing some deodorancy effect.
Additionally,
an antiperspirant active may be included to provide an
antiperspirant/deodorant. This
underarm product is a suspension product which may be a stick or soft solid
and which
comprises a superabsorbent polymer which is a surface modified sodium
polyacrylate
salt and which has a critical level of salt tolerance. The surface
modification allows for
greater water absorption in the presence of salt, i.e. ionic strength. While
these
homopolymers may be used in a variety of particle sizes, it is generally
believed that the
smaller sizes are preferred (for example, less than 100 microns, such as
particle size of
20-30 microns, or, for certain types of superabsorbents, particle sizes of 200-
300
microns can be tolerated).
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The formulations of the invention may be made as antiperspirants and/or
deodorants. In the case of antiperspirants, the products give an extra measure
of
protection against wetness. In the case of deodorants, the products may be
made with
low levels of antiperspirant active or with other agents which provide a
deodorizing
effect but which are not antiperspirant salts.
Detailed Description of the Invention
Products formulated according to the invention comprise suspension products
which are sticks or soft solids comprising:
(a) 0.01-20 weight % (particularly 1-20%, especially 0.1-10 % and, more
particularly, 0.5-5%) of a polyacrylate superabsorbent polymer (sodium salt),
with a salt
or ionic strength tolerance under the Baseline Absorption Test described below
sufficient to give at least 25 weight % water absorption (for example,
materials having
a mean particle size less than 100 microns);
(b) 10-88 weight % of a volatile silicone having a flash point of 100 degrees
C
or less (particularly a D4-D6 cyclomethicone; and especially a DS or D6
cyclomethicone or a combination of DS and D6 cyclomethicones);
(c) a gelling agent selected from the group consisting of 5-30 weight %
stearyl
alcohol; 0.1-20 weight % waxes (for example, Japan wax, hydrogenated castor
oil); 0.1-
10 weight % (on an actives basis) silicone elastomer; 0.1-3 weight %
siliconized
polyamides; 0.1-20 weight % low molecular weight polyethylene having a
molecular
weight in the range of 400-1000 (for example 400 such as Perfornlalene-400
from
Baker Petrolite, Polymer Division, Sugar Land, Texas) and combinations of the
foregoing;
(d) 0-5 weight % of a surfactant with a hydroplulic/lipophilic balance ("HLB
value") in the range of 3-13 (for example, from 0.05-50 weight % (particularly
1-30%)
of a silicone copolyol which is 10% in cyclomethicone, or its equivalent may
be used
for a soft solid);
(e) an antiperspirant or a deodorant ingredient such as 0-25 weight % (for
example, 0.1-5 weight % if the antiperspirant a ctive i s a sed f or d
eodorancy a nd n of
wetness control, 8-25 % of an antiperspirant active if more wetness control is
desired)
or an effective amount of a deodorizing agent which is not an antiperspirant
active;
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(f) 0-20 weight % (particularly 5-10 %) of a nonvolatile silicone having a
flash
point greater than 100 degrees C; and
(g) 0-20 weight % (particularly 2-12 %) of an emollient (for example, a member
selected from the group consisting of C12-15 alkyl benzoate, PPG-3-myristyl
ether, and
hydrogenated polyisobutene (Polyisobutene 250));
provided that:
the water content is < 2 weight % (as based on added water and excluding any
waters of
hydration such as with the antiperspirant salt) and the ratio of superabsorber
to active
salt is in the range of 0.13-4 : 1, particularly in the range of 0.18-3 : 1.
While no water is recited as being added, up to 2 weight % water may be
present because of the types of raw materials used.
With regard to the amount of volatile silicone used in the invention, 10-88
weight % is used for stick products and soft solids, with the degree of
hardness being
controlled by the use of gelling agents.
Optionally, one or more other ingredients can be used such as fragrance,
coloring agents, antibacterial agents, masking agents, additional surfactants
(such as
PEG-8 distearate) or fillers (for example, talc).
The stearyl alcohol used in this invention is preferably a straight chain
material
with no unsaturation.
Examples of superabsorber materials that work in this invention include
HySorbTM 8100 and HySorb~ CL-15 (from BASF, North Carolina), preferably ground
to particle size not exceeding 100 microns; AQUAKEEP J-550 and AQUAKEEP
l OSH-N (from Kobo Products, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ) also ground to a
particle size
in the range of less than or equal to 100 microns. (Note that J-550 has mean
particle
size of 200-300 microns, and lOSH-N has a mean particle size of 20-30
microns.) .
A reduced particle size for the various types of superabsorbents described is
desired to reduce/eliminate gritty feel in the product. For example, the
HySorbTM
products are preferred to have a particle size not exceeding 100 microns
because of
reducing gritty feel and larger particles will not form a satisfactory product
in
processing (for example, settling issues). A particular range of particle
sizes includes
superabsorbents having at least 80-85 weight % of the particles with a size <
75
microns, and another particular range is from 6-65 microns with no more than
10% of
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the particles having a size less than 6 microns. For many of these products,
grinding of
stock material is needed to achieve the desired particle sizes.
While the invention has been described in teens of selected superabsorbers and
actives, especially in a selected ratio, it is to be noted that modifications
in type and
amount of superabsorber may be made to ensure that the water absorbency
requirements are met. Thus, in the Tables below, it will be described how to
balance
these two ingredients to achieve the effect.
Volatile silicones and silicone surfactants are also used in the invention. By
volatile silicone material is meant a material that has a flash point of 100
degrees C or
less at atmospheric pressure. Such volatile silicones include conventional
cyclic and
linear volatile silicones such as cyclomethicone (especially
cyclopentasiloxane, also
called "DS"), "hexamethyldisiloxane", and low viscosity dimethicone (for
example,
Dow Corning~ 200 fluid having a viscosity of 0.5-5 centistokes).
Illustratively, and not
by way of limitation, the volatile silicones are one or more members selected
from the
group consisting of cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes such as those represented by
Formula
I:
CH3
___[_si_p]n____
CH3
Formula I
where n is an integer with a value of 3-7, particularly 5-6. For example, DC-
245 fluid
(or the DC-345 version) from Dow Corning Corporation (Midland, Michigan) is a
type
of cyclomethicone which can be used. These include a tetramer (or octylinethyl-
cyclotetrasiloxane) and a pentamer (or decamethylcyclopentasiloxane). The
volatile
linear silicones can also be included in this group of volatile silicones and
are one or
more members selected from the group consisting of linear
polydimethylsiloxanes such
as those represented by Formula II:
CH3
CH3 - [-Si-O]t - CH3
3 5 CH3
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Formula II
and t is selected to obtain a viscosity of 0.5-5 centistokes.
Examples of such volatile silicones include one or more members selected from
the group consisting of D4, D5, and D6 cyclomethicones; and linear
dimethicones
S having a viscosity in the range of 0.5-10 centistokes. Preferably the oil
phase is a
mixture of one or more of D4, DS and D6 cyclomethicones.
Gelling agents include elastomers such as:
(a) a dimethicone/vinyldimethicone crosspolyrner composition made by reacting
(in the presence of a platinum catalyst) a polymethylhydrogensiloxane with an
alpha,
1 O omega-divinylpolydimethyl siloxane for which the
dimethicone/vinyldimethicone
crosspolymer composition (1) is used at a concentration of 4-10% in
cyclomethicone
(particularly 4-7%, and, more particularly, 4-6.5%) (for example, where the
cyclomethicone is a D4 or DS cyclomethicone), (2) has a refractive index in
the range
of 1.392-1.402 at 25 degrees C, and (3) has a viscosity in the range of 0.013-
1 X 104
15 Pascal seconds; for example, one particular elastomer of interest is I~SG-
15 silicone
elastomer from Shin-Etsu Silicones of America (Akron, Oluo).
(b) a cyclomethicone (and) dimethicone crosspolymer made with an Si-H
containing polysiloxane and an alpha, omega-dime of formula
CH2=CH(CH2)XCH=CHZ , where x=1-20, to form a gel by crosslinking and addition
of
20 Si-H across double bonds in the alpha, omega dime, which crosspolymer has a
viscosity in the range of 50,000-3,000,000 centipoise (particularly 100,000-
1,000,000;
more particularly 250,000-450,000 centipoise; and most particularly 350,000
centipoise), preferably with a nonvolatiles content of 8-18% (particularly 10-
14% and
most particularly 12-13%) in cyclomethicone (for example a D4 or D5
25 cyclomethicone), (an example of such a crosspolymer composition being DC-
9040
from Dow Conung Corporation (Midland, M~ with other types of such
crosspolymers
(also called elastomers) being described in U.S. Patent 5,654,362,
incorporated by
reference herein as to the description of such polymers and methods of malting
such
polymers);
30 Particular examples of suitable elastomers are SFE 167, a cetearyl
dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer from GE Silicones (Waterford,
N.Y.);
SFE168, a cyclomethicone (and) dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer from
GE
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Silicones; vinyl dimethicone crosspolymers such as those available from Shin-
Etsu
Silicones of America (Akron, Ohio) under trade names KSG-15 (cyclomethicone
(and)
dimethicone/vinyl dimetlucone crosspolymer), KSG-16 (dimethicone (and)
dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer), KSG-17 (cyclomethicone (and)
dimethicone/vinyl dimetlucone crosspolymer), KSG-18 (phenyl trimethicone (and)
dimethicone/phenyl vinyl dimethicone crosspolyrner); and KSG-20 (dimethicone
copolyol crosspolymer; dimethicone/vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer from Dow
Corning Corporation (Midland, MI) under trade name Dow Conung 9506 Cosmetic
Powder, DC-9040 elastomer in cyclon lethicone from Dow Corning; and a mixture
of
cyclomethicone and stearyl-vinyl/hydromethylsiloxane copolymer available from
Grant
Industries, Inc. (Elmwood Park, NJ) under the trade name GRANSIL SR-CYC.
The gelling agent may include both high and low melting point waxes. An
example of such a combination of waxes includes 5-23 percent stearyl alcohol
and 2-5
percent hydrogenated castor oil (melting point in the range of 50-90 degrees C
such as
about 80 degrees C).
For gelling agents which are polyamides, one should include at least one
siliconized polyamide of Formula IIIA:
R1 R2
-[C(0)-X-[Si0]ppSi-X-C(0)NH-Y-NH]n-
R3 R4
Formula IZIA
where:
(1) DP is a number in the range of 10-40 (particularly 15-30);
(2) n is a number selected from the group consisting of 1-500;
(3) X is a linear or branched chain allcylene having 1-30 carbons;
(4) Y is selected from the group consisting of linear and branched chain
alkylenes
having 1-40 carbons, wherein:
(A) the alkylene group may optionally and additionally contain in the alkylene
portion at least one of the members of a group consisting of (i) 1-3 amide
linkages; (ii)
CS or C6 cycloallcane (as a cycloalkylene linkage); and (iii) phenylene
optionally
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substituted by 1-3 members selected independently from the group consisting of
C1-C3
alkyls; and
(B) the allcylene group itself may optionally be substituted by at least one
member selected from the group consisting of (i) hydroxy; (ii) C3-C8
cycloalkane; (iii)
1-3 members selected independently from the group consisting of C1-C3 alkyls;
phenyl
optionally substituted by 1-3 members selected independently from the group
consisting
of Cl-C3 alkyls; (iv) C1 - C3 alkyl hydroxy; and (v) C1 - C6 alkyl amine; or Y
= Z2
,where
Zz = Rzo-T-R2t-
R22
wherein each of R2°, R21 and R22 are independently selected from the
group consisting
of linear and branched C1-C10 alkylenes; and T is selected from the group
consisting of
(i) a trivalent atom selected from N, P and Al; and (ii) -CR, where R is
selected from
the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, a siloxane
chain, and
phenyl, wherein the phenyl may optionally be substituted by 1-3 members from
the
group consisting of methyl and ethyl, especially methyl and ethyl and most
especially
methyl; and
(5) each of Rl - R4 is independently selected from the group consisting of
methyl, ethyl,
propyl, isopropyl, a siloxane chain, and phenyl, wherein the phenyl may
optionally be
substituted by 1-3 members from the group consisting of methyl and ethyl (with
more
particular values for Rl - R4 being selected from methyl and ethyl and
especially
methyl);
wherein the polyamide of Formula IIIA has:
(i) a silicone portion in the acid side of the polyamide;
(ii) a degree of polymerization in the range of 10-40 (particularly 15-30);
(iii) an average molecular weight of at least 50,000 daltons (particularly in
the
range of 80,000-150,000 daltons and, more particularly in the range of 90,000-
120,000
daltons) with at least 95% of the polyamide having a molecular weight greater
than
10,000 daltons; and
(iv) a polydispersity of less than 20 (particularly less than 4).
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Suitable silicone surfactants include silicone polyglucosides (for example,
octyl
dimethicone ethoxy glucoside) and silicone copolyols having an HLB value
(hydrophilic lipophilic balance) in the range of 3-13. A silicone copolyol
(especially
dimethicone copolyol) may be used in an amount of 0.05-5.0 weight % (actives
basis),
particularly 0.1-3.0% and, more particularly, 0.1-2.0 %.
In general, silicone copolyols useful in the present invention include
copolyols
of the following Formulae IV and V. Formula I materials may be represented by:
(R10)3-S1O-L~11)2-S1O~X - ~Si(R12)(Rb-O-(CaH4~)p (C3H60)S-Rc)~~y-sl-(R13)3
Formula IV
wherein each of Rl° , Ru , R12 and R13 may be the same or different and
each is
selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkyl; Rb is the radical -CmH2m ;
R° is a
terminating radical which can be hydrogen, an alkyl group of one to six carbon
atoms,
an ester group such as acyl, or an aryl group such as phenyl; m has a value of
two to
eight; p and s have values such that the oxyalkylene segment -(CZH40)p
(C3H60)S- has
a molecular weight in the range of 200 to 5,000; the segment preferably having
fifty to
one hundred mole percent of oxyethylene units -(CaH40)p- and one to fifty mole
percent of oxypropylene units -(C3H60)S ; x has a value of 8 to 400; and y has
a value
of 2 to 40. Preferably each of Rl° , Rn , Rla and R13 is a methyl
group; R° is H; m is
preferably three or four whereby the group Rb is most preferably the radical -
(CH2)s-;
and the values of p and s are such as to provide a molecular weight of the
oxyalkylene
segment -(CZH40)p-(C3H60)S of between about 1,000 to 3,000. Most preferably p
and
s should each have a value of about 18 to 28.
A second siloxane polyether (copolyol) has the Formula V:
(Rl°)3-Si0-L(Rll)2_Si0]X - [Si(R12)(Rb-O-(C2H4O)p-R°)O]Y -Si-
(Ri3)3
Formula V
wherein p has a value of 6 to 16; x has a value of 6 to100; and y has a value
of 1 to 20
and the other moieties have the same definition as defined in Formula IV.
It should be understood that in both Formulas I and II shown above, that the
siloxane-oxyall~ylene copolymers of the present invention may, in alternate
embodiments, tale the form of endblocked polyethers in which the linking group
Rb,
the oxyalkylene segments, and the terminating radical R~ occupy positions
bonded to
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the ends of the siloxane chain, rather than being bonded to a silicon atom in
the
siloxane chain. Thus, one or more of the Rl° , Rll , RI2 and R13
substituents which are
attached to the two terminal silicon atoms at the end of the siloxane chain
can be
substituted with the segment -Rb-O-(C2H40)p-(C3H60)S-R° or with the
segment -Rb-O-
S (C2H4O)p-R°. In some instances, it may be desirable to provide the
segment -Rb-O-
(C2H40)p (C3H60)S-R° or the segment -Rb-O-(C2H4O)p-R° at
locations which are in the
siloxane chain as well as at locations at one or both of the siloxane chain
ends.
Particular examples of suitable dimethicone copolyols are available either
commercially or experimentally from a variety of suppliers including Dow
Corning
Corporation, Midland, MI; General Electric Company, Waterford, NY; Witco
Corp.,
Greenwich, CT; and Goldschmidt Chemical Corporation, Hopewell, VA. Examples of
specific products include DOW CORNING~ 5225C from Dow Corning which is a
10% dimethicone copolyol in cyclomethicone; DOW CORNING~ 2-5185C which is a
45-49% dimethicone copolyol in cyclomethicone; S1LWET L-7622 from Witco; ABIL
EM97 from Goldschmidt which is a 85% dimethicone copolyol in DS
cyclomethicone;
and various dimethicone copolyols available either commercially or in the
literature.
It should also be noted that various concentrations of the dimethicone
copolyols
in cyclomethicone can be used. While a concentration of 10% in cyclomethicone
is
frequently seen commercially, other concentrations can be made by stripping
off the
cyclomethicone or adding additional cyclomethicone. The higher concentration
materials such as DOW CORN1NG~ 2-5185 material is of particular interest.
In one particular embodiment 0.5-50 weight % (particularly 10-30 %) of a 10%
silicone copolyol such as dimethicone copolyol in cyclomethicone mixture may
be
used, wherein the amount of mixture added is selected so that the level of
silicone
copolyol in the cosmetic composition is in the range of 0.05-5.0%
(particularly 0.1-
3.0%).
The antiperspirant actives that can be utilized according to the present
invention
are conventional aluminum and aluminum/zirconium salts, as well as
aluminum/zirconium salts complexed with a neutral amino acid such as glycine
("gly"),
as known in the art. See each of European Patent Application Number 512,770 A1
and
PCT case WO 92/19221, the contents of each of which are incorporated herein by
reference in their entirety, for disclosure of antiperspirant active
materials. The
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antiperspirant active materials disclosed therein, including the acidic
antiperspirant
materials, can be incorporated in the compositions of the present invention.
Suitable
materials include (but are not limited to) aluminum chlorohydroxide, aluminum
chloride, aluminum sesquichlorohydroxide, zirconyl hydroxychloride, and
aluminum
chlorohydrol-propylene glycol complex. These include, by way of example (and
not of
a limiting nature), aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum chloride, aluminum
sesquichlorohydrate, zirconyl hydroxychloride, aluminum-zirconium glycine
complex
(for example, aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrex gly, aluminum zirconium
pentachlorohydrex gly, almninum zirconium tetrachlorohydrex gly and aluminum
zirconium octochlorohydrex gly), and mixtures of any of the foregoing. The
aluminum-
containing materials can be commonly referred to as antiperspirant active
aluminum
salts. Generally, the foregoing metal antiperspirant active materials are
antiperspirant
active metal salts. In the embodiments which are antiperspirant compositions
according
to the present invention, such compositions need not include aluminum-
containing
metal salts, and can include other antiperspirant active materials, including
other
antiperspirant active metal salts. Generally, Category I active antiperspirant
ingredients
listed in the Food and Drug Administration's Monograph on antiperspirant drugs
for
over-the-counter human use can be used. In addition, any new drug, not listed
in the
Monograph, such as tin or titanium analogues of the aluminum salts listed
above,
aluminum nitratohydrate and its combination with zirconyl hydroxychlorides and
nitrates, or aluminum-stannous chlorohydrates, can be incorporated as an
antiperspirant
active ingredient in antiperspirant compositions according to the present
invention.
Preferred antiperspirant actives that can be incorporated in the compositions
of the
present invention include the enhanced efficacy aluminum salts and the
enhanced
efficacy zirconium/aluminum salt-glycine materials, having enhanced efficacy
due to
improved molecular distribution, known in the art and discussed, for example,
in PCT
No. W092/19221, the contents of which are incorporated by reference in their
entirety
herein.
Antiperspirant actives can be incorporated into compositions according to the
present invention in amounts in the range of 0 - 10% (on an anhydrous solids
basis),
preferably 5 - 10%, by weight, of the total weight of the composition. The
amount used
will depend on the formulation of the composition. For example, at amounts in
the
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lower end of the broader range (for example, 0.1 - 5%), the antiperspirant
active
material will not substantially reduce the flow of perspiration, but will
reduce malodor,
for example, by acting as a deodorant material, for example, by acting as an
antimicrobial or complexing with the malodorous components of human
perspiration.
~ Deodorant active materials can include lesser amounts of antiperspirant
actives,
such as in the range of 0.1-5%, as well as fragrances, and effective amounts
of
antimicrobial agents, for example, farnesol, bacteriostatic quaternary
ammonium
compounds (such as cetyl trimethyl-ammonium bromide, and cetyl pyridinium
chloride), 2, 4, 4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenylether (Triclosan), N-(4-
chlorophenyl)-
N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (Triclocarban), silver halides, octoxyglycerin
(SENSIVATM SC 50) and various zinc salts (for example, zinc ricinoleate) may
also be
included in formulations of the present invention. The bacteriostat can,
illustratively,
be included in the composition in an amount of 0.01-5.0% by weight, of the
total
weight of the composition. Triclosan or Triclocarban can, illustratively, be
included in
an amount of from 0.05% to about 5.0% by weight, of the total weight of the
composition.
Non-volatile silicones may also be used in the formulations of this invention.
Such nonvolatile silicones have a flash point greater than 100 degrees C and a
viscosity
in the range of 6-1000 centistokes. Suitable non volatile silicones include
linear
, organo-substituted polysiloxanes which are polymers of siliconloxygen with a
general
structure:
(1) (Rl°)3Si0(Si (Rll)20)XSi(R12)3 where Rl°, Rll and Rlz can be
the
same or different and are each independently selected from the group
consisting
of phenyl and C1-C60 alkyl; or
(2) HO(R14)2Si0(Si (Rls)20)XSi(R16)aOH, where R14, Ris and R16 can be
the same or different and are each independently selected from the group
consisting ofphenyl and C1-C60 allcyl.
Specific examples include dimethicone, dimethiconol behenate, C3o-as alkyl
methicone,
stear~xytrimethylsilane, phenyl trimethicone and stearyl dimethicone.
Emollients are a known class of materials in this art, imparting a soothing
effect
to the skin. These are ingredients that help to maintain the soft, smooth, and
pliable
appearance of the skin. Emollients are also known to reduce whitening on the
skin
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and/or improve aesthetics. Examples of chemical classes from which suitable
emollients can be found include:
(a) fats and oils which are the glyceryl esters of fatty acids, or
triglycerides,
normally found in animal and plant tissues, including those which have been
hydrogenated to reduce or eliminate unsaturation. Also included are
synthetically
prepared esters of glycerin and fatty acids. Isolated and purified fatty acids
can be
esterified with glycerin to yield mono-, di-, and triglycerides. These are
relatively pure
fats which differ only slightly from the fats and oils found in nature. The
general
structure may be represented by Formula VI:
CH2-COOR3i
CH-COOR32
CH2-COOR33
Formula VI
wherein each of R31, R32, and R33 may be the same or different and have a
carbon chain
length (saturated or unsaturated) of 7 to 25. Specific examples include peanut
oil,
sesame oil, avocado oil, coconut, cocoa butter, almond oil, safflower oil,
corn oil,
cotton seed oil, castor oil, hydrogenated castor oil, olive oil, jojoba oil,
cod liver oil,
palm oil, soybean oil, wheat germ oil, linseed oil, and sunflower seed oil;
(b) hydrocarbons which are a group of compounds containing only carbon
and hydrogen. These are derived from petrochemicals. Their structures can vary
widely and include aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic compounds which have 7-40
carbons. Specific examples include paraffin, petrolatum, hydrogenated
polyisobutene,
and mineral oil;
(c) esters which chemically are the covalent compounds formed between
acids and alcohols. Esters can be formed from almost all acids (carboxylic and
inorganic) and any alcohol. Esters here are derived from carboxylic acids and
an
alcohol. The general structure would be R34C0-OR35. The total number of
carbons for
R34 and R35 together can vary from 7 to 40 and can be saturated or
unsaturated, straight
chained or branched or can include an aromatic structure. Specific examples
include
isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palinitate, isopropyl stearate, isopropyl
isostearate, butyl
stearate, octyl stearate, hexyl laurate, cetyl stearate, diisopropyl adipate,
isodecyl oleate,
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diisopropyl sebacate, isostearyl lactate, Clz-is alkyl benzoates, myreth-3
myristate,
dioctyl malate, neopentyl glycol diheptanoate, neopentyl glycol dioctanoate,
dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, Clz-is alcohols lactate, isohexyl decanoate,
isohexyl
caprate, diethylene glycol dioctanoate, octyl isononanoate, isodecyl
octanoate,
diethylene glycol diisononanoate, isononyl isononanoate, isostearyl
isostearate, behenyl
behenate, C lz_15 alkyl fumarate, laureth-2 benzoate, propylene glycol
isoceteth-3
acetate, propylene glycol ceteth-3 acetate, octyldodecyl myristate, cetyl
ricinoleate,
myristyl myristate (with a particular ester of interest being C 12-15 alkyl
benzoate);
(d) saturated and unsaturated fatty acids which are the carboxylic acids
obtained by hydrolysis of animal or vegetable fats and oils. These have
general
structure R36COOH with the R36 group having a carbon chain length of 7-25 and
R36
can be straight chain or branched. Specific examples include lauric, myristic,
palmitic,
stearic, oleic, linoleic and behenic acid;
(e) saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols (including guerbet alcohols)
with general structure R3~COH where R3' can be straight chain or branched and
have a
carbon chain length of 7 to 30. Specific examples include lauryl, myristyl,
cetyl,
isocetyl, stearyl, isostearyl, oleyl, ricinoleyl and erucyl alcohol;
(f) lanolin and its derivatives which are a complex esterified mixture of
high molecular weight esters of (hydroxylated) fatty acids with aliphatic and
alicyclic
alcohols and sterols. General structures would include R3gCHz-(OCH2CHz)"OH
where
R3$ represents the fatty groups derived from lanolin and n=5 to 75 or
R39C0-(OCH2CHz)"OH where R39CO- represents the fatty acids derived from
lanolin
and n=5 to 100. Specific examples include lanolin, lanolin oil, lanolin wax,
lanolin
alcohols, lanolin fatty acids, isopropyl lanolate, ethoxylated lanolin and
acetylated
lanolin alcohols;
(g) alkoxylated alcohols wherein the alcohol portion is selected from
aliphatic alcohols having 2.-18 and more particularly 4-18 carbons, and the
alkylene
portion is selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, and propylene
oxide
having a number of alkylene oxide units from 2-53 and, more particularly, from
2-15.
Examples include cetyl glyceryl ether, isostearyl glyceryl ether, isostearyl
glyceryl
pentaerythrityl ether, laureth-5 butyl ether, oleyl glyceryl ether, PEG-4
ditallow ether,
polyglyceryl-3 cetyl ether, polyglyceryl-4 lauryl ether, PPG-9 diglyceryl
ether, and
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propylene glycol myristyl ether. More specific examples include PPG-14 butyl
ether,
PPG-53 butyl ether, laureth-5 butyl ether, and PEG-4 ditallow ether;
(h) ethers selected from the group consisting of dicapryl ether, dicetyl
ether,
dimethyl ether, distearyl ether, ethyl ether, isopropyl hydroxycetyl ether,
methyl hexyl
ether, and polyvinyl methyl ether;
(i) adipic acid blends selected from the group consisting of trimethyl
pentanediolladipic acid copolymer (LEXOREZ TL8 from Molex, Philadelphia, PA),
trimethyl pentanediol/adipic acid/isononanoic acid copolymer (LEXOREZ TC8),
and
adipic acid/diethylene glycol/glycerin crosspolymer (LEXOREZ 100); and
(j) mixtures and blends of two or more of the foregoing.
One particular group of emollients includes C12-15 alkyl benzoate (FINSOLV
TN from Finetex Mc., Elmwood Park, NJ~, medium volatility dimethicone
(especially
10-350 centistoke material and more especially 10-200 centistoke material),
isopropyl
myristate; and neopentyl glycol diheptanoate.
Particular examples of suitable emollients include members of the group
consisting of Octyloxyglycerin (SENSIVA SC50 from Schulke Mayr, Nordstedt,
Germany) (which can be used as an emollient as well as an antibacterial);
ethoxylated
alcohols such as steareth-2, nonoxynol-2, PPG-4-Ceteth-1; ethoxylated
carboxylic acids
such as PEG-4 dilaurate, PEG-2 oleate; glyceryl esters such as PEG-2 castor
oil,
polyglyceryl-3 oleate, glyceryl stearate; sorbitan derivatives such as
sorbitan oleate;
PPG-3 myristyl ether (such as WITCONOL APM from Goldschmidt); a dimethiconol
(such as Dow Corning~ DC 1501 dimethiconol); neopentyl glycol diheptanoate;
PEG-8
laurate, isocetyl stearate; isostearyl isostearate; isostearyl palmitate;
isostearyl alcohol;
PPG-5-ceteth-20; PPG-10-cetyl ether; triethyl hexanoin; ethyl hexyl
isostearate,
glyceryl oleate, and isopropyl isostearate.
The emollient or emollient mixture or blend thereof incorporated in
compositions according to the present invention can, illustratively, be
included in
amounts of 1-15%, and particularly 3 - 12 % by weight of the total weight of
the
composition.
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Baseline Absorption Test
A stick composition is made as described in Example 6, below. A second
composition is made as a control except that no superabsorbent ("SA") is used.
Samples
(2 grams in the form of shavings of the stick product) of each of these
compositions are
weighed into separate 16 x 100 mm I~imax disposable culture tubes. Water (2.0
g) is
added to each of the tubes. The tubes are centrifuged for 5 minutes at 3000
rpm
whereby the water, if not completely absorbed, settles at the bottom of the
tube. The
water absorption is calculated as:
~hei~ht of the water in control - height of water in tube with SA) X 100
height of water in control
In performing the Baseline Absorption Test for the standard of this invention,
the ratio
of water : superabsorber is set as 20:1 by weight amounts. (Note that data is
included
below for 10:1 and 30:1 ratios, but the standard test to be used is using a
20:1 ratio).
The Baseline Absorption Test is important because not all superabsorbents will
work in this invention. The compositions of this invention have a brutal
environment
from the standpoint of salt content, especially for antiperspirant products
which contain
about 15-22 weight % of an active salt such as an aluminum zirconium
tetrachlorohydrex glycine material. In order to select an appropriate
superabsorber
which can maintain sufficient capacity in a high salt environment, it has been
found that
the Baseline Absorption Test is the best predictor of which superabsorbers
will work.
Other parameters such as particle size do not appear to show any consistent
trends.
The compositions of this invention include sticks and soft solids. The
compositions of the invention may range in clarity from opaque to white.
For deodorant stick products, the following general amounts of ingredients may
be used:
Formulation A
(a) S-25 weight % (particularly 8-20%) superabsorbent polymer as described
above;
(b) 10-25 weight % of a gellant (for example, selected from the group
consisting of
silicone elastomer of the type described above (for example, I~SG-15 from Shin-
Etsu or
DC 9040 from Dow Corning), stearyl alcohol, waxes (both low and/or high
melting
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point waxes), hydrogenated castor oil, and low molecular weight polyethylene
(such as
a molecular weight of about 400 for example, Performalene-400);
(c) 40-70 weight % of a volatile silicone selected from the group consisting
of a
cyclomethicone (for example, one or more of D4, DS or D6);
(d) 0-15 weight % of a non-volatile silicone which is a dimethicone having a
viscosity
in the range of 6-1000 centistokes;
(e) 2-10 weight % of an emollient selected from the group consisting of
polyisobutene,
and C12-15 alkyl benzoates (such as FINSOLV TIC;
(f) 0-5 weight % (especially 1-3%) fragrance;
(g) 0-10 weight % (particularly 1-5%) surfactants (for example, PEG-8
distearate or
PPG-3 myristyl ether);
(h) 0-5% antiperspirant active; and
(i) less than 2 weight % water.
For soft solid deodorant products, the following general amounts of
ingredients
may be used:
Formulation B
(a) 70-99.94 weight % silicone elastomer of the type described above (for
example,
KSG-15 or DC 9040);
(b) 0.01-30 weight % superabsorbent of the type described above;
(c) 0-5% antiperspirant active;
(d) 0-5 weight % fragrance; and
(e) less than 2 weight % water.
For antiperspirant stick products containing superabsorber, the following
general amounts of ingredients may be used:
Formulation C
(a) 1-10 weight % (particularly 2-8%) superabsorbent polymer as described
above;
(b) 10-25 weight % of a gellant (for example, selected from the group
consisting of
silicone elastomer of the type described above (for example, KSG-15 from Shin-
Etsu or
DC 9040 from Dow Corning), stearyl alcohol, waxes (both low and/or high
melting
point waxes), hydrogenated castor oil, and low molecular weight polyethylene
(such as
a molecular weight of about 400 for example, Performalene-400);
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(c) 40-70 weight % of a volatile silicone selected from the group consisting
of a
cyclomethicone (for example, one or more of D4, DS or D6);
(d) 0-15 weight % of a non-volatile silicone which is a dimethicone having a
viscosity
in the range of 6-1000 centistokes;
(e) 2-15 weight % of an emollient selected from the group consisting of
polyisobutene,
and C12-15 alkyl benzoates (such as FINSOLV TIC;
(f) 0-5 weight % (especially 1-3%) fragrance;
(g) 0-10 weight % (particularly 1-5%) surfactants (for example, PEG-8
distearate or
PPG-3 myristyl ether);
(h) 10-25% antiperspirant active; and
(i) less than 2 weight % water.
For soft solid antiperspirant products containing superabsorber, the following
general amounts of ingredients may be used:
Formulation D
(a) 50-80 weight % silicone elastomer of the type described above (for
example, KSG-
15 or DC 9040);
(b) 0.01-10 weight % superabsorbent of the type described above;
(c) 10-25% antiperspirant active;
(d) 0-5 weight % fragrance; and
(e) less than 2 weight % water.
EXAMPLES
The following Examples are offered as illustrative of the invention and are
not
to be construed as limitations thereon. In the Examples and elsewhere in the
description of the invention, chemical symbols and terminology have their
usual and
customary meanings. In the Examples as elsewhere in this application values
for n, m,
etc. in formulas, molecular weights and degree of ethoxylation or
propoxylation are
averages. Temperatures are in degrees C unless otherwise indicated. The
amounts of
the components are in weight percents based on the standard described; if no
other
standard is described then the total weight of the composition is to be
inferred. Various
names of chemical components include those listed in the CTFA International
Cosmetic
I~edient Dictionary (Cosmetics, Toiletry and Fragrance Association, Inc., 7th
ed.
1997).
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Examples 1 and 3 - Deodorant Stick Products
A stick product of about 400 grams can be made using the ingredients listed in
Table A. The dimethicone (DC 200, 10 censtistokes from Dow Corning
Corporation,
Midland, Ml) and C12-15 alkyl benzoate (FINSOLV TN, from Finetex Elmwood Park,
NJ) (and polyisobutene and PPG-3 myristyl ether for Example 3) are added to a
suitable
size first beaker and heated with stirring to 55-60 degrees C. The Japan wax
substitute
525 (if used) is added and mixed until melted. The temperature is increased to
82-85
degrees C and the low molecular weight polyethylene (Performalene-400 from
Baker
Petrolite) is added and mixed until melted. The mixture is then cooled to a
temperature
of about 80 degrees C. In a separate second beaker the silicone elastomer (KSG-
15
from Slun-Etsu Silicones of America, Akron OH) is added followed by the
addition of
the cyclomethicone (Cyclomethicone 345 from Dow Corning Corporation, Midland,
MIA. The mixture is stirred for about 5 minutes and then heated to a
temperature of
about 70 degrees C. The silicone elastomer/cyclomethicone mixture from the
second
beaker is then added to the first beaker with continuous stirring while
maintaining the
temperature at 78-80 degrees C. The superabsorbent material (HySorb~ 8100,
BASF,
North Carolina), ground to particle size less than 100 microns, and the
antiperspirant
active (active as described in Example 3), if used, are then added at this
temperature
and stirred for 10 minutes. The fragrance is added at the same 78-80 degrees C
temperature and stirred for 1 minute. The product is poured into suitable
containers
(size is approximately 3 cm (width at widest part of oval) X 6 cm (length of
base) X 10
cm (height) with an ovoid shape) at 78-80 degrees C and cooled for 15 minutes
in a
refrigerator at about 4 degrees C and then at room temperature.
Example 2 - Deodorant Stick Product
A stick product of about 400 grams may be made using the ingredients listed in
Table A. The cyclomethicone and dimethicone are added to a suitable size
beaker and
heated to a temperature of about 70 degrees C. Stearyl alcohol is added with
stirnng at
70 degrees C until it is melted. PEG-8 distearate is added with mixing while
maintaining the temperature at 70 degrees C until it is dissolved. The
temperature of
the mixture is then increased to about 80 degrees C. Hydrogenated castor oil
is added
with mixing at 80 degrees C until it is completely dissolved. The mixture is
cooled to
about 75 degrees C, the superabsorbent material is added with stirring, and
the
temperature is maintained at 70-75 degrees C for 15 minutes. The mixture is
cooled to
about 65 degrees C and fragrance is added. The mixture is then cooled to about
58
degrees C and then poured into appropriate containers as described in Example
1.
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TABLE A
In redients wei ht %) Ex.l Ex.2 Ex.3
Superabsorbent polymer (HySorbT 20 10 5
8100; particle
size less than 100 microns)
Dimethicone (10 cst) 10 12 --
C12-15 alkyl benzoate 5 -- 7
Japan Wax Substitute 525 3 -- --
Cyclomethicone 345 27.8 50 50.3
Polyethylene (Performalene-400) 8 -- 10
Silicone elastomer (I~SG-15) 25 15
Fragrance 1.2 1.2 1.2
Stearyl alcohol -- 20 --
Hydrogenated castor oil -- 4 --
PEG-8 distearate -- 4 --
PPG-3 myristyl ether -- -- 4
Polyisobutene 250 -- -- 5
Antiperspirant active (AZZ902) 2.5
Total 100 100 100
Example 4 - Soft Solid Deodorant Product
A soft solid product of about 400 grams may be made using the following
ingredients. A silicone elastomer (97% of Dow 9040 from Dow Corning),
superabsorbent polymer (2% of the same one used in Example 1) and fragrmce
(1%)
are combined with mixing in a Hobart mixer at room temperature for about 15-20
minutes.
Examples 5, 6 and 7 - Antiperspirant Sticlc Product with Superabsorber
A stick product of about 400 grams may be made using the ingredients listed in
Table A. The cyclomethicone and C12-15 alkyl benzoate are added to a suitable
size
beaker and heated to a temperature of about 70 degrees C. Stearyl alcohol is
added
with stirring at 70 degrees C until it is melted. PEG-8 distearate is added
with mixing
while maintaining the temperature at 70 degrees C until it is dissolved. The
temperature of the mixture is then increased to about 80 degrees C.
Hydrogenated
castor oil is added with mixing at 80 degrees C until it is completely
dissolved. The
mixture is cooled to about 75 degrees C, the antiperspirant active and
superabsorbent
materials are added with stirring, and the temperature is maintained at 70-75
degrees C
for 15 minutes. The mixture is cooled to about 65 degrees C and fragrance is
added.
The mixture is then cooled to about 58 degrees C and then poured into
appropriate
containers as described in Example 1.
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TABLE B
In redients wei ht % Ex.S Ex.6 Ex.7
Superabsorbent polymer (HySorb 2.50 5.00 10.00
""1 8100;
article size less than 100 microns)
C 12-15 alkyl benzoate 12.00 12.00 12.00
Cyclomethicone 345 34.30 35.80 37.80
Stearyl alcohol 20.00 16.00 16.00
Hydrogenated castor oil 4.00 4.00 4.00
PEG-8 distearate 4.00 4.00 4.00
Antiperspirant active (Summit 22.00 22.00 15.00
2576)
Fragrance 1.20 1.20 1.20
Total 100 100 100
Water Absorption of Deodorants, Examples 1-4
In formulations containing zero or low levels of antiperspirant salts, i.e. at
low
ionic strength, (Examples 1-4), high water absorption capacity of the
formulations were
observed. This was shown through the following experiment. Samples (2.0 g) of
the
formulations from each of Examples 1-4 were weighed into 16 x 100 mm Kimax
disposable culture tubes and 1.0 and 2.0 g of water were added to the
formulations.
The tubes were centrifuged for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm whereby the water, if not
absorbed, settled at the bottom of the tubes. Examples 1-4 showed no residual
water,
indicating that all the water was absorbed in these formulations. Thus, when
the
antiperspirant active salt is low, water absorption by the superabsorbent is
high.
Water Absorption of Antiperspirants Containing Different Superabsorbents
The water absorption capacity of superabsorbent polymers are known to be
affected by salts, such as sodium chloride or an antiperspirant active.
Examples 6 and 8
(TABLE C) show two formulations, one containing a superabsorbent which is more
salt
tolerant (HySorbTM 8100, from BASF, Charlotte, NC) and the other containing a
starch
graft copolymer of poly (2-propenamide-co-2-propenoic acid, sodium salt)
("SGC")
and is not as salt tolerant. SGC stands for "starch graft copolymer".
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TABLE C
In redients wei ht % Ex.6 Ex.8 Ex.9
Superabsorbentpolymer(HySorbl'"'8100;5.00
article size less than 100 microns)
SGC 5.00
C12-15 alkyl benzoate 12.00 12.00 12.00
Cyclomethicone 345 35.80 35.80 36.80
Stearyl alcohol 16.00 16.00 20.00
Hydrogenated castor oil 4.00 4.00 4.00
PEG-8 distearate 4.00 4.00 4.00
Antiperspirant active (Summit 22.00 22.00 22.00
2576)
p'ragrance 1.20 1.20 1.20
Total 100 100 100
Examples 6 and 8 were compared for their water absorption water capacity
versus
Example 9 (no superabsorber) as control. Samples (2.0 g) of the formulations
as
shavings were weighed into 16 x 100 mm I~imax disposable culture tubes. Water
in
three different amounts (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 g) were added to the formulations.
This
corresponds to water/superabsorber ratios of 10:1, 20:1 and 30: 1,
respectively. The
tubes were centrifuged for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm whereby the water, if not
absorbed,
settled at the bottom of the tubes. The height of the water was measured (in
mm) and
the results are tabulated in Table D.
TABLE D
SampleWater Ratio of Height of water in % Water
added water: tube after absorption
(g) superabsorbercentrifugation (mm)
Ex 1.00 - 6.0
9
Ex 1.00 10 5.0 16.6
8
Ex 1.00 10 0 100
6
Ex 2.00 - 12.1
9
Ex 2.00 20 10.1 16.5
8
Ex 2.00 20 4.0 67
6
Ex 3.00 - 18.0
9
Ex 3.00 30 15.0 16.7
8
Ex 3.00 30 8.5 53
6
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The results clearly demonstrate that HySorbTM 8100 superabsorbent is
significantly
more effective in absorbing water in the presence of a ZAG than the SGC
material. At
a water/superabsorber ratio of 10:1, 100% water is absorbed from the
formulation
containing HySorbTM 8100 superabsorbent as opposed to only about 16.6 % for
the
formulation containing the SGC material. At 20:1 water superabsorber ratio,
about
67% of water is absorbed for the formula containing HySorbTM 8100
superabsorbent
compared to 16.5% for the formulation containing SGC material. At 30:1 ratio,
53
of water is absorbed for the formulation containing HySorbTM 8100
superabsorbent
compared to 16.7% for the formulation containing SGC material. Thus, at all
three
water/superabsorber ratios, the formulation containing HySorbTM 8100
superabsorbent
performed more efficiently in absorbing water than the formulation containing
SGC
material. Taken together, the data indicate that the HySorbTM 8100 product
absorbs
water more effectively especially at high salt concentration, the
concentration needed to
claim antiperspirant efficacy. Therefore, it can be used in an antiperspirant
product to
boost the efficacy of the ZAG at levels up to 25 weight %.
Examines 6-9 and 10-12
Comparison of water absorbency for different superabsorbers (all of which are
polyacrylates) was done on the following polyacrylate, sodium salt samples as
listed in
TABLE F: (a) material with a mean particle size of 20-50 microns and a bulls
density
of 0.65 g/ml (SANFRESH ST-500 MPSA (obtained from Sanyo Chemical Industries,
Japan)); (b) material with a mean particle size of 200-300 microns and a bulk
density
of 0.34-046 g/ml (AQUA KEEP J-550) and material with a mean particle size of
20-30
microns and a bulk density of 0.84-0.96 g/ml (AQUA KEEP l OSH-NF) ( both
obtained
from Kobo Products, Ins., South Plainfield, NJ). The basic formula was made by
combining the ingredients as listed above or as listed in TABLE E using the
technique
described for Examples 5-7. For the evaluation, 2 grams of water were added to
2
grams of each of the formulas and the procedure described above for Examples
6, ~ and
9 was followed. The ratio of water: superabsorber = 20:1. The resulting values
of water
height after centrifugation are in TABLE F and show the better performance of
Examples 6, 10 and 11 as compared to Control (Example 9) and other
superabsorbers
that do not perform as well in a salt environment (Examples 8 and 12).
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TABLE E
In redient Ex.lO Ex.ll Ex.l2
Superabsorbent polymer (SANFRESH 5.00
ST-500
MPSA)
Superabsorbent polymer (AQUA KEEP 5.00
J-550)
Superabsorbent polymer (AQUA KEEP 5.00
lOSH-NF)
C12-15 alkyl benzoate 12.00 12.00 12.00
Cyclomethicone 345 (Dow Corning) 35.80 35.80 35.80
Stearyl alcohol 16.00 16.00 16.00
Hydrogenated castor oil (MP 80) 4.00 4.00 4.00
PEG-8 distearate 4.00 4.00 4.00
Antiperspirant active (Summit 22.00 22.00 22.00
Z-576)
Fragrance 1.20 1.20 1.20
~ Total ~ 100.00 100 00 100 00
TABLE F
ExampleFormula Water/ Water height% Water
superabsorberafter Absorption
centrifugation
mm
Ex.9 Base -- 12.1
Ex.8 Base + 5% 20 10.1 16.5
SGC
Ex.6 Base + 5% 20 4 67
Superabsorber
HySorbTM
8100
Ex.lO Base + 5% 20 7 42
SANFRESH
ST-500 MPSA
Ex.l Base + 5% 20 5.5 54.5
1
AQUAKEEP
J-550
Ex.l2 Base + 5% 20 9 25.6
AQUAKEEP
lOSH-NF
Examples 1B-13B
Examples 1B-6B can be made with the method described below using the
ingredient listed in TABLE G, except that another fragrance component such as
a
fragrance oil encapsulated with corn starch (for example, off the shelf
products,
customized products and/or proprietary products, for example, material
obtained from
Noville, South Hackensack, NJ) is also used and added such as adding this
additional
fragrance component after the addition of the fragrance oil at a temperature
in the range
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of 60-63 C. Data for water absorbency with the Baseline Absorbency Test is
listed in
Table H.
An alternative procedure "A" can also be used:
1. Mix and heat C12-15 alkyl benzoate and castorwax to 82-85 degrees C.
2. Add stearyl alcohol - temperature can be lowered to 75 degrees C.
3. Add PEG-8 distearate - temperature can be lowered to 72 degrees C.
4. Slowly add cyclomethicone but do not let temp go below 69 degrees C.
5. Add antiperspirant salt (Al/Zr gly at 72 degrees C (use dust mask).
6. Add superabsorber (use dust mask).
7. Add fragrance and encapsulated fragrance at 60- 63 degrees C.
8. Pour sticks at a temperature of 57-58 degrees C.
9. Cool in refrigerator for at least 15 minutes.
TART,F f
Ingredient Ex.lB Ex.2B Ex.3B Ex.4B Ex.SB Ex.6B
control
Superabsorbent polymer 0 3.00 0 0 4.00 5.00
(HySorbTM CL-15)
Superabsorbent polymer 0 0 3.00 0 0 0
(AQUA
KEEP J-550)
Superabsorbent polymer 0 0 0 3.00 0 0
(AQUA
KEEP lOSH-NF)
C12-15 alkyl benzoate 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00
Cyclomethicone 345 (Dow35.50 32.50 32.50 32.50 31.50 30.50
Corning)
Stearyl alcohol 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00
Hydrogenated castor 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00
oil (1VIP 80)
PEG-8 distearate 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00
Antiperspirant active 22.00 22.00 22.00 22.00 22.00 22.00
(Summit Z-576)
Fra ance 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Fragrance #2 enca sulated1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50
~ Total ~ 100.00 100.00100 100 100 100
00 00 0 00
0
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TABLE H
Example Water Water/ Water height% Water
added superabsorberafter absorption
centrifugation
mm
Ex.lB 1.2 -- 6.3 --
Ex.2B 1.2 20 5.2 17
Ex.3B 1.2 20 3.7 41
Ex.4B 1.2 20 5.4 13
Ex.lB 1.6 -- 9.7 --
Ex.SB 1.6 20 7.4 24
Ex.lB 2.0 -- 12,7 __
Ex.6B 2.0 20 9.0 29
Examples 1C and 7B-9B
Examples 1 C, 7B-9B can be made with the method described above for
Examples 1B-6B, using the ingredients listed in TABLE I. Data for water
absorbency
with the Baseline Absorbency Test is listed in Table J.
TABLE I
Ingredient Ex.lC Ex.7B Ex.BB Ex.9B
control
Superabsorbent polymer 0 5.00 5.00 5.00
(HYSOItB
(TM) CL-15)
C12-15 alkyl benzoate 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00
Cyclomethicone 345 (Dow 35. 50 30. 37. 47. 50
Corning) 50 50
Stearyl alcohol 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00
Hydrogenated castor oil 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00
(MP 80)
PEG-8 distearate 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00
Antiperspirant active 22.00 22.00 15.00 5.00
(Summit Z-576)
Fragrance 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Fragrance #2 enca sulated1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50
~- Total ~ 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
~ ~
TABLE J
Example Water Water/ Water height% Water
added superabsorberafter absorption
centrifugation
mm
Ex. l 2.0 -- 12.5 --
C
Ex.7B 2.0 20.0 8.1 35
Ex.BB 2.0 20.0 4.5 64
Ex.9B 2.0 20.0 0.0 100
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Thus, Example 2B could be modified to achieve the 25% required water
absorption by lowering the antiperspirant active to 15% and/or raising the
superabsorbent to 5%. Example SB could be modified to achieve the 25% required
water absorption by lowering the amount of antiperspirant active to 15 %
and/or
increasing the amount of superabsorbent to 5%.
Examples 1D and 11B-13B
Examples 1D, 11B-13B can be made with the method described above for
Examples 1B-9B, using the ingredients listed in TABLE K except that talc can
be
added, for example, at a temperature of 72 degrees C before the addition of
the Al/Zr
salt. The behenyl alcohol is added after the stearyl alcohol is added, again,
for example,
at a temperature of 72 degrees C. Mineral oil such as white mineral oil can be
added
with the C12-15 alkyl benzoate and heated to a temperature in the range of 82-
85
degrees C. Data for water absorbency with the Baseline Absorbency Test is
listed in
Table L.
TABLE K
Ingredient Ex.lD Ex.llB Ex.l2B Ex.l3B
control
Superabsorbent polymer 0 3.00 4.00 5.00
(HySorbTM CL-15)
C12-15 alkyl benzoate 12.00 12.00 12.00 12.00
Cyclomethicone 345 (Dow34.00 31.00 30.00 29.00
Corning)
Stearyl alcohol 18.35 18.35 18.35 18.35
Docosan-1-of (behenyl 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15
alcohol)
H drogenated castor 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50
oil (MP 80)
PEG-8 distearate 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00
Antiperspirant active 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00
(Summit Z-
576)
Talc 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
White mineral oil 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
Fra ante 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Fragrance #2 enca sulated1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
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TABLE L
Example Water Water/ Water height% Water
added superabsorberafter absorption
centrifugation
mm
Ex. l 1.2 -- 6.1 --
D
Ex.llB 1.2 20.0 5.1 16
Ex.lD 1.6 7,5 __
Ex.l2B 1.6 20.0 6.2 17
Ex.lD 2.0 10.5
Ex.l3B 2.0 ~ 20.0
~ 7.1 I -- 32
It should be noted that Example 11B and Example 12B could be altered to obtain
a
minimum 25 weight % water absorption value by raising the amount of
superabsorber
to 5 weight % and/or lowering the amount of antiperspirant salt to 10 weight
%.
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