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Patent 2548690 Summary

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(12) Patent Application: (11) CA 2548690
(54) English Title: SELF-PROPELLED ENERGY GENERATOR
(54) French Title: GENERATRICE D'ENERGIE A AUTOPROPULSION
Status: Dead
Bibliographic Data
Abstracts

English Abstract




This invention relates to the construction of a Self-Propelled Energy
Generator that produces clean and
renewable energy, through potential energy of compressed airflow and water's
perpetual buoyant force. Said
Self-Propelled Energy Generator includes a Power Plant of the type described
in patents no CA2328580 or no
US6990809, and a Modular Hydraulic Air Compressor that produces the needed
compressed airflow for the
functioning of said Power Plant, by circulating same water through a
conventional water-transferring pump in a
closed looping pass, where atmospheric air is entrained by water flow at high
speed from an elevated mixing
head placed in a water reservoir, into a lower separating device where air is
separated and compressed by
hydrostatic pressure of the column of water that exists between water surfaces
of the elevated water reservoir
and the lower separating device. Said conventional water-transferring pump
uses a portion of the overall
produced energy by said Power Plant of said Self-Propelled Energy Generator.


Claims

Note: Claims are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.




CLAIMS


The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege
is claimed are defined as
follows:


1- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, including:
a circular or elliptical-shape like deep well,

a power plant designed to transform the potential energy of compressed air
into mechanical and electrical energy
through the potential energy of water comprising,

a relatively deep pool filled with water,

an endless chain rotating around first and second cogwheels and positioned
inside said pool,

the first cogwheel is located in the bottom of the pool and is used to adjust
the tension of said endless chain
while the compressed gas passes through it into containers,

the second cogwheel, located in the top of the pool, is used as a driving
wheel to transform the linear buoyant
force of the containers through the rotation of the endless chain,

a plurality of containers, fastened to the links of the endless chain at equal
distances from each other, are
recipients for the compressed air where the volume of which expands as the
pressure decreases at shallower
depths according to the position of the container in the pool during its
ascent, while expelling the water out
through drillings located near the opening of the container, thereby creating
a growing buoyant force which is
equal to the weight of the displaced liquid,

a pneumatic circuit through which compressed air is transferred to said
ascending containers of said power plant
including a rotary-transfer joint used for the distribution of compressed air
into containers as they loop around
the lower cogwheel on an arc between the descending inclined position, at
which point the compressed gas starts
flowing, and the ascending vertical position, at which point the compressed
gas ceases flowing, as the containers
move off the lower cogwheel in succession, propelled upward toward the upper
cogwheel by buoyancy,

a driving shaft of said upper cogwheel that receives on one end a flywheel in
order to normalize the rotation of
said power plant, and on the other end a Foucault-current electromagnetic
regulating brake combined to a
gearbox that are mounted to be used mainly to normalize the rotation speed of
said driving shaft and allow an



47




overdriven speed for an electrical generator that is mounted last on said
driving shaft in order to harnesses said
power plant's mechanical energy into electrical energy,

a modular hydraulic air compressor comprising,

a lower separating device that is placed in the lower part of said deep well,
an elevated water reservoir that is located above said power plant's pool,

an air/water mixing-head that is placed in said elevated water reservoir, in
which water is mixed to air bubbles
before flowing downwardly to said lower separating device,

a down-take head pipe in which air/water mix is transferred at high speed
between the air/water-mixing head and
said lower separating device,

an up-take tail pipe in which air-free water is transferred back by a
conventional water pump from the bottom of
said lower separating device to said elevated water reservoir at the lowest
possible speed,

a conventional water-transferring pump that is placed in said up-take tail-
pipe between said lower separating
device and said elevated water reservoir in order to provoke a looping path
for the water in witch atmospheric air
is entrained, separated and compressed continuously in said lower separating
device.


2- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
said upper water reservoir of said modular hydraulic air compressor that is
built above the power plant's pool in
a way to let said down-take head pipe and said up-take tail pipe connecting
uprightly between said upper water
reservoir and said lower separating device.


3- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
said air/water mixing head that is built and put in place in the upper water
reservoir at the collar of the down-take
head pipe in order to provide the best air/water mix to said modular hydraulic
air compressor in order to produce
the biggest airflow from a specific design that in turn permits said self-
propelled energy generator to have the
best possible efficiency out of the actual design.



48




4- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
said down-take head pipe in which air/water mix is transferred at high speed
between said air/water-mixing head
and said lower separating device.


5- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
said separating device that is arranged at a lower level inside said circular
or elliptical-shape like deep well but
under said pool of said power plant that helps recuperating the lost energy
during compression process of said
modular hydraulic air compressor.


6- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a secondary-separating compartment where air/water mix drops while exiting
from said down-take head-pipe at
high speed.


7- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a main separating compartment where the air/water mix arrives coming from said
secondary-separating
compartment through an inter-communicating conical pipe.


8- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a very long inter-communicating conical pipe in which the air/water mix is
transferred from the bottom of said
secondary separating compartment into said main separating compartment.


9- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 8 and
characterized by:
said inter-communicating conical pipe that requires always an ascending slope
in order to permit a full exhaust
of all compressed air that separates from water into it.


10- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 8 and
characterized by:
said inter-communicating conical pipe that requires to have at its intake at
least the same diameter as in said
down-take head-pipe where the air/water mix enters from the bottom of said
secondary separating compartment
to be transferred into said main separating compartment.



49




11- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a main separating chamber where the mix of air/water drops coming from said
secondary separating
compartment for the last separating process of said air/water mix.


12- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
separations placed inside said main separating chamber in a way to let the
air/water mix to travel a longer
distance in a loop from where it is originally dropped by the Inter-
communicating conical pipe to the intake of
said up-take tail-pipe, in order to give all the needed time for the
separation of all air bubbles from said air/water
mix.


13- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a vertical baffle that is placed right before the intake of said up-take tail-
pipe in said main separating
compartment at the end of the run of said loop that the air/water mix travels
inside said main separating chamber.

14- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 11 and
characterized by:
a lower part of said vertical baffle that is an impenetrable barrier.


15- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 11 and
characterized by:
an upper part of said vertical baffle that has horizontal pipe-like passages
in order to allow air-free water to flow
from the air/water separating chamber of said main separating compartment to
an air-free water's compartment
where the intake of said up-take tail pipe of said modular hydraulic air
compressor is located, without whirling
or forming vortexes in said main separating chamber when the water-
transferring pump is running and
transferring air-free water between the bottom of said air-free water's
compartment and said upper water
reservoir of said modular hydraulic air compressor.


16- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a compressed air receiver located at the upper section of both said secondary
and said main air/water separating
compartments, where compressed air coming from said both secondary and main
separating compartments, is
housed after being separated under a predetermined discharge pressure that is
due to hydrostatic pressure of a







column of water that exists between water surfaces of said elevated water
reservoir and of said lower separating
device.


17- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
said conventional water-transferring pump that is placed in said up-take tail-
pipe between said lower separating
device and said elevated water reservoir in order to provoke a looping path
for the water in witch atmospheric air
is entrained, separated and compressed continuously as long as the water-
transferring pump is running in order
to run said power plant.


18- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a baffle having some orifices and placed horizontally between a separating
cone and said compressed air receiver
to prevent un-separated air/water mix to flow backwardly into said compressed
air receiver before being sucked
through said inter-communicating conical pipe into said main separating
chamber of said main separating
compartment.


19- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a separating cone that is placed right under the exit end of said down-take
head-pipe at a well calculated height
from the bottom of said secondary separating compartment, where the air/water
mix drops first while exiting
from the down-take head-pipe at a high speed, letting air bubbles of the
air/water mix to separate and flow
backwardly through well placed orifices in said horizontal baffle into said
compressed air receiver that is located
at the upper section of both secondary and main air/water separating
compartments.


20- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a compressed air tank that holds compressed air before being transferred to
said power plant of said self-
propelled energy generator.


21- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a house valve including a pressure-regulating valve that can be installed
between said compressed air receivers
of said air/water mix separating device and said compressed air tank, in order
to regulate the discharged
compressed airflow pressure of said modular hydraulic air compressor.



51




22- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
said conventional water-transferring pump that is operated during the start-up
of said self-propelled energy
generator by an outside source of energy, then during the full operation of
said self-propelled energy generator,
by the energy which is produced by said power plant of said self-propelled
energy generator.


23- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a separate dry well adjacent to the well in which said power plant and said
modular hydraulic air compressor of
said self-propelled energy generator are installed, that is used to house and
facilitate the installation and the
maintenance of said conventional water-transferring pump, that is placed in
said up-take tail-pipe between said
lower separating device and said elevated water reservoir in order to provoke
a looping path for the water in
witch atmospheric air is entrained, separated and compressed continuously in
said lower separating device.


24- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a water flow that is transferred at the same time from said upper water
reservoir into said secondary separating
compartment through said down-take head pipe, and from the bottom of said main
separating compartment into
said upper water reservoir through said up-take tail pipe.


25- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a fast speed of the down flowing water in said down-take head pipe from said
upper water reservoir into said
secondary separating compartment, that helps air entrainment from said mixing
head to said lower separating
device.


26- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a slow speed of the up flowing air-free water in said up-take tail pipe that
helps air-free water's transfer from
said air-free water's compartment of said lower separating device to said
upper water reservoir.


27- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a compressed air-transfer pipe that communicates between the upper section of
said compressed air receiver
where compressed air is housed after being separated and compressed under a
predetermined discharge pressure
that is due to the hydrostatic pressure of said column of water that exists
between water surfaces of said elevated



52




water reservoir and of said lower separating device.


28- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a compressed air discharge pressure that has to be higher than the hydrostatic
pressure of the column of water of
the power plant's pool in order to facilitate an effective compressed air
transfer to the ascending containers of
said power plant.


29- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
the location of said upper water reservoir above said power plant's pool, that
favors automatically air
compression in said modular hydraulic air compressor at a higher discharge
pressure than the hydrostatic
pressure where said compressed air is injected in said ascending containers of
said power plant.


30- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a major issue that has to be respected when starting said modular hydraulic
air compressor, is to make sure that
the compressed air receiver is first filled up with compressed air at the
desired discharge pressure, and then only
then is the compressed air tank filled, because if the air tank was allowed to
fill at the same time as the
compressed air receiver, a sorry mess it would be, instead of a tank full of
compressed air we would have a tank
full of water.


31- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a modular hydraulic air compressor having a water turbine that can be
installed optionally above or instead of
said separating cone in said secondary separating compartment of said lower
separating device where the
air/water mix exits at high speed from said down-take head-pipe.


32- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 32 and
characterized by:
said water turbine that can be installed optionally above or instead of said
separating cone in said secondary
separating compartment of said lower separating device where the air/water mix
exits at high speed from said
down-take head-pipe and its kinetic energy is used to harness through said
water turbine even more energy.


33- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 32 and
characterized in addition by:



53




said water turbine that enhances a preliminary process for the separation of
air bubbles from water in said
secondary separating compartment.


34- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a modular hydraulic air compressor having one or more extra air/water mixing
devices, that can be installed on
said down-take head pipe in order to let the down flowing water toward the
lower separating device to entrain
more air bubbles at different heights of the down-take head pipe, that
increase the out flowing compressed
airflow of said modular hydraulic air compressor which in turn increases the
efficiency of said self-propelled
energy generator.


35- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
an air blower that can be used to push more air into the air/water mixing
devices that helps the down flowing
air/water mix to entrain even more air bubbles.


36- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 38 and
characterized by:
said air blower which can be run in addition by the energy produced by said
water turbine that harnesses the
kinetic energy of the fast down-flowing air/water mix of said modular
hydraulic air compressor.


37- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
said power plant pool's water that is heated by lost energy of air compression
process of said modular hydraulic
air compressor, in order to give back that heat to said compressed air during
its expansion into said ascending
containers of said power plant.


38- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a compartment including a half- sphere shape in its lower part where the lower
cogwheel is located, two pipes
where ascending containers move upwardly in one pipe and descending containers
move downwardly in a
second pipe, and an open upper part that permits water to overflow from said
compartment to the power plant's
main pool, inside of which said power plant of said self-propelled energy
generator is affixed.


39- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:



54




The role of said compartment that includes a half- sphere shape in its lower
part where the lower cogwheel is
located, two pipes where ascending containers move upwardly in one pipe and
descending containers move
downwardly in a second pipe, and an open upper part that permits water to
overflow from said compartment to
the power plant's main pool, which is to contain a smaller quantity of water
insulated from the rest of the same
water of the power plant's main pool, in order to create a hot surrounding for
said ascending containers that
permits an ideal heat exchange between hot water coming from the separating
device of said modular hydraulic
air compressor and the colder expanding compressed air of the ascending
containers that permits to close up
effectively the isothermal compression cycle of said self-propelled energy
generator.


40- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a hot water showering system affixed inside every single container of said
power plant, that showers the
expanding compressed air during the functioning of said self-propelled-energy
generator, with a multitude of hot
water-droplets in order to enlarge the contact surface between hot water and
expanding compressed air, that
helps to provide an effective heat for the expansion process in order to close
up the isothermal compression
process of said self-propelled energy generator.


41- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a small water transferring-pump in every container of said power plant that
permits hot water-transfer from said
pipe of said compartment in which ascending containers are moving upwardly,
into every single ascending
container.


42- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a cog-rail that provides a rotation for said small water transferring-pump
through a gear affixed on the shaft of
said small water transferring-pump in order to pump hot water from said pipe
of said compartment in which hot
surrounding is provided to the ascending containers of said power plant in
order to have an ideal isothermal
compressed air expansion inside said ascending containers of said power plant.


43- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a water transferring-pipe in every container of the power plant that permits
hot water-transfer from said pipe of
said compartment in which ascending containers are moving upwardly, into every
single ascending container.







44- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a power plant and a modular hydraulic air compressor sharing same water of a
same pool.


45- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a short up-take tail pipe through which hot water is transferred through said
water-transferring pump from the
lower separating device of said modular hydraulic air compressor into said
pool of said power plant.


46- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 39 and
characterized by:
one pool having a first and a second compartment that communicating with each
other only in the bottom of said
pool.


47- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 39 and
characterized by:
a separation that divides said pool into two compartments.


48- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 39 and
characterized by:
a communication between the compartments of said pool that allow cold water to
be transferred from said first
compartment into said second compartment in order to let cold water being
transferred to said mixing head of
said modular hydraulic air compressor during the functioning of said self-
propelled energy generator.


49- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
an isothermal compression process where air loses heat while being compressed
into said modular hydraulic air
compressor, and recuperates that heat back during its expansion inside said
ascending containers of said self-
propelled energy generator.


50- Self-propelled energy generator for clean and renewable energy, as claimed
in claim 1 and
characterized by:
a modular hydraulic air compressor that produces the needed fuel for the
functioning of said power plant of said
self-propelled energy generator in order to produce a much bigger amount of
energy than the amount of energy
that is used by said modular hydraulic air compressor to produce the needed
fuel.



56

Description

Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.



CA 02548690 2007-06-01
Self-Propelled Energy Generator for clean and renewable energy.

This invention relates to the construction of a Self-Propelled Energy
Generator that produces clean and
renewable energy, through potential energy of compressed airflow produced
artificially by Modular Hydraulic
Air Compressors, and the water's perpetual buoyant force.

The prior art includes machine-like power generators built according to
conventional methods. These generators
consume conventional energy, the cost of which is steadily rising. Some of
this energy is non-renewable and in
decline. Many conventional power generators are a major source of pollution
and greenhouse gases. In addition
other type of power generators is using naturally compressed air as fuel.
Actually Taylor's type hydraulic air
compressors that need a lot of flowing water from Rivers and waterways, are
producing the needed naturally
compressed air. At the same time, the discharged atmospheric air from said
power generators that use
compressed air produced by Taylor's type hydraulic air compressors is oxygen-
lean, because oxygen dissolves
more rapidly in the flowing water during the functioning of the apparatus.
More over the lost energy in heat
during the compression process that represents 80 to 93% of the energy used in
air compression process goes in
the flowing water and in the surrounding rocks without being recuperated.

The subject of this invention is self-propelled and it eliminates all of the
disadvantages of conventional power
generators while ensuring ease of operation and an ecological process that
uses non-polluting, renewable energy.
The invention has the capacity to be located anywhere in the world including
cities, remote areas, mountains or
deserts, it includes a power generating plant of the type described in the
Canadian patent no CA 2328580 or in
US patent no US 6990809 that uses the compressed air volume as fuel instead of
air pressure, and a modular
hydraulic air compressor that produces artificially the needed airflow for the
good functioning of said power
plant by circulating same water in a closed and looping path in order to
entrain and compress air according to the
same basic principle of all hydraulic air compressors, including Taylor's type
hydraulic air compressors that
were the biggest in the world in their kind. But said basic principle is used
in this modular hydraulic air
compressor in a better, easy and efficient way where air is compressed and
expanded in the same machine that
expels the produced heat during the compression process in said modular
hydraulic air compressor and gives that
heat back to the same air during its expansion in the ascending containers of
said power plant of said self-
propelled energy generator the subject of the present invention. In addition,
not long time after the start up of
said modular hydraulic air compressor, the compressed air will keep all of its
oxygen because same circulated
water of said modular hydraulic air compressor will be saturated with maximum
dissolved oxygen, that produces
a normal atmospheric air with all of its oxygen when the expanded air into the
ascending containers exits from
said power plant.

1


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

The embodiment of this invention includes the construction of the following,
in a deep circular or elliptical
shape-like well:

A- Of a power plant according to the methods of patents no CA 2328580 or US
6990809; into a
Pool deep enough in order to harness maximum energy out of the potential
energy of compressed airflow
supplied by modular hydraulic air compressor which has a compression chamber
located under said pool of said
power plant in the bottom of the same well, that helps to have an easy and
effective isothermal compression
process, where the lost heat of said compression process is recuperated in the
power plant's pool then given back
to the compressed air during its expansion in the ascending containers during
the functioning of said power
plant.

Said Power Plant includes:

An upper driving cogwheel wheel placed just below the surface of the pool,
rotating in two ball bearing housings
attached to the walls of the pool so as to allow the output shaft to pass
through the walls without leakage,

A lower cogwheel placed in the bottom of the pool rotating in two multi-
purpose ball bearings to facilitate
rotation and eliminate axial movements. The ball bearing housings are fastened
to the frame of a tensioning
device that allows adjustment of the tension of the endless chain. The chain
is composed of special links that
loop around the upper and lower cogwheels, thereby rotating them. The inner
surface of the chain link conforms
exactly to the outer surface of the lower cogwheel, thus ensuring a good seal
between each chain link and the
lower cogwheel. Compressed air from the main tank is forced without leakage
into containers as they loop
around the lower cogwheel from the lower inclined to the ascending vertical
positions. The rotation of the power
plant can be either clockwise or counter clockwise.

Cylindrical containers are fastened to the chain links. Each container has a
half cover designed to enhance the
buoyant cycle by allowing the compressed air to be injected into it as soon as
it comes into the lower inclined
position on the lower cogwheel. The half cover prevents loss of air until the
container advances to an inclined
position. Because the injection hole is near the opening of the container, a
deflector is used to divert the
compressed air toward the closed end of the container to prevent spilling. The
air stops flowing into the
container just before it begins its ascent toward the upper cogwheel pushed by
the buoyant force of the liquid's
potential energy. A beveled opening under the half cover of each container and
a protrusion on the exterior of the
closed end of the following container fit snugly together. Any rattling due to
hard contact between the two
containers is eliminated by means of a rubber seal around the protrusion.
Several holes near the opening of each
container allow liquid to flow out of the container as the compressed air
expands gradually during the
container's ascent toward the surface. By the time it reaches the upper
cogwheel, the container is full of air. The
2


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

expanding volume of compressed air in each ascending container displaces an
equal volume of liquid. The
increasing weight of displaced liquid is the cause of the growing buoyancy.
Force is equal to the weight of the
liquid displaced by the compressed air.

A guiding device fastened to the wall of the pool ensures that the endless
chain and its containers travel
smoothly in a straight line without whipping or vibrations. The guiding device
is essential for the proper
functioning of the power plant and, if needed, can also be installed on the
descending side of the chain on which
the containers are full of liquid.

After the container arrives on the upper cogwheel, it inclines, emptying its
air as it passes over the cogwheel.
Simultaneously, liquid floods the container by gravity until it reaches the
descending vertical position, at which
point its opening is facing directly upward. As the container begins its
descent toward the lower cogwheel, it is
full of water.

The endless chain provides continuous output to a drive shaft attached to the
upper cogwheel as long as the
correct quantity of compressed air is injected into each ascending container.
Said driving shaft of said power
plant's upper cogwheel receives on one end a flywheel in order to regularize
the rotation of said power plant, and
on the other end a Foucault-current electromagnetic regulating brake combined
to a gearbox that are used to
regularize the rotation speed of said driving shaft and allow an overdriven
speed for an electrical generator that is
mounted last on said driving shaft in order to harnesses said power plant's
mechanical energy into electrical
energy,

Brief description of the functioning of said power plant:

The power plant of said self-propelled energy generator the subject of the
present invention, works with volume
but the pressure of the compressed air is needed only to overcome the
hydrostatic pressure in bottom of pool in
order to be able to inject air in the ascending container that displaces an
equal volume of water where the
buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced water.

Physically all of the containers are attached to the endless chain, and the
total expanded air volume in all of the
ascending containers, creates only one buoyant force that pushes permanently
the ascending containers at once
upwardly as long compressed air is injected in every container looping around
the lower cogwheel in the bottom
of the pool, that replaces the upper container which dumped its air at
atmospheric pressure while looping around
said upper cogwheel. This buoyant force creates a steady torque at the driving
shaft of the driving wheel, due to
the driving radius that is equal to the sum of the driving wheel's radius, the
container's radius and the chain
link's thickness.

3


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

The chosen rotation speed for said power plant is slow in order to give enough
time to a pre-determined quantity
of compressed air to enter effectively into every ascending container.

The gearbox, the Foucault-current electromagnetic brake and the flywheel are
used to run the power plant and
the main electrical generator at an appropriate and uniform overdriven speed.

The needed fuel for the good functioning of said power plant is the volume of
compressed air that is produced by
a modular hydraulic air compressor described below.

The full airflow volume of said modular hydraulic air compressor described
below, with the parameters of the
containers and the speed of rotation of the power plant determine the number
of stages of said power plant. In
addition any length, form or radius of the containers never limits the
construction of said power plant

Every stage of the power plant is made out of what was listed above, and
compressed air is injected in every
ascending container of every stage while looping around the corresponding
lower cogwheel in the bottom of the
power plant's pool.

The quantity of compressed air that is injected in every container in bottom
of pool, is well calculated in order to
expand and fill up completely the entire container when it reaches the upper
wheel, just when it starts looping
around it, in order to dump the expanded air, where its pressure gauge is
little bet higher then zero, because the
driving wheel is located under water in order to let water to invade by
gravity the container while replacing the
exhausted air, before said container takes the descending run that takes it
back again to loop around the lower
cogwheel in order to start another working cycle.

The linear speed of the endless chain of the power plant per minute is equal
to the rotation speed of the driving
wheel (rpm) multiplied by the perimeter of said driving wheel.

The number of containers that loop around the lower wheel in one minute, in
order to get compressed air before
starting the ascending run is equal to:
Linear speed per minute of the endless chain, divided by the container's
length.

The radius of the driving wheel is equal to: (container's length / 2) x the
tangent of 67.5 degrees.

The driving radius is equal to the sum of the driving wheel's radius, the
container's radius and the endless
chain's link thickness.

4


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

The total air volume that all stages of the power plant can use in one minute,
is equal to:
[The individual physical volume of every container (= square of the
container's radius x pi (3.1416) TIME the
container's length) x the number of containers of one stage that loop around
the lower cogwheel in one minute x
the number of stages].

In order to inject the compressed air into the ascending containers, a
difference in pressure must exist between
the compressed air discharge pressure and the hydrostatic pressure that exists
where the injection of the
compressed air is done at the lower cogwheel in bottom of pool.

The buoyant force of one stage is equal to the weight of the total displaced
water by the total volume of the
expanded compressed air in all ascending containers of every stage of the
power plant according to Boyle's law
and the position of every single container. For an example if the number of
the ascending containers is 112
containers, then the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the total water
displaced by the total volume of the
expanded compressed air in all 112 ascending containers. Thus, the total
buoyant force of all stages of said
power plant is equal to the buoyant force of one stage time the number of
stages.

In addition the power plant pool's water gets hot normally by the drag of the
containers, and can be heated
voluntarily by the sun if needed, and by the lost heat of the compression
process in said modular hydraulic air
compressor. Then this heat can be used to heat up the compressed air that
exists in all of the ascending
containers in order to let said compressed air to expand at the same
temperature or higher than the one of its inlet
into said modular hydraulic air compressor in order to complete said isotherm
compression and to increase
substantially the airflow volume that increases in turn the overall power of
the power plant according to the
following formula:

V.T = V 1.T 1
Where:
V is the initial air volume,
T is the initial temperature,
V 1 is the final volume,
T1 is the final temperature.

Note: When I said according to Boyle's law I meant to show an approximate
compressed air volume only.

This power plant has the endless chain moving in a linear motion upwardly or
downwardly, it mean that the
containers have a linear motion too.



CA 02548690 2007-06-01

The ascending containers between the lower vertical one that is located on the
lower cogwheel, and the upper
vertical one that is located on the upper cogwheel, are almost in a motionless
situation, what I mean here that the
volume of air in an ascending container at a specific depth is almost stable,
because the upper vertical container
moves all the time a distance equals to the length of one container on an arch
of 45 degrees only before that the
following container takes its place as upper vertical container, while the
inclined ascending container in the
bottom of the pool moves the same distance that is equal to the length of one
container on another arch of 45
degrees before it takes the position of the lower vertical container that
moved upwardly. The rest of all the
ascending containers they all move at the same time too, the same distance
that is equal to the length of one
container in order to let the following container to taking the position of
the preceding one.

According to the above, what ever is the speed of the endless chain, the
displaced volume of water stays almost
constant, and thus the buoyant force is almost constant that in turn gives an
almost constant driving torque.

The speed of the endless chain can be lowered to the minimum and we still can
get the same energy out of the
same compressed airflow, but the number of stages of the power plant, will be
increased or decreased according
to the actual rotation speed in order to contain all of the full compressed
airflow, while the overall output energy
of said power plant will stay the same what ever is the power plant's speed.

The total buoyant force of all the containers with thrust of all stages
determines the overall capacity of the power
plant. This buoyant force is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by
the total volume of air in all containers
with thrust of all stages, and it is expressed in Newton. The driving torque
of said power plant is equal to the
multiplication of the number of Newton of such a buoyant force, by the
distance that exists between the center of
the driving shaft and the center of gravity of the upper vertical container.
This distance is equal to the sum of the
radius of the upper cogwheel, the radius of the container, and the thickness
of the endless chain. The power of
said power plant is equal to the value of the above-mentioned torque expressed
in mN multiplied by 2,
multiplied by (pi or 3.1416), multiplied by the number of revolutions per
minute (rpm) of the power plant then
the result of the foregoing multiplication will be divided by 60 seconds to
express the power in watts. If we need
the power to be expressed in horsepower then the result of the previous
mathematical operation will be divided
by 746 watts, (each unit of horsepower being equal to approximately 746
watts).
Power = Force (Newton) x (Radius of wheel + Radius of container + the
thickness of the endless chain) meters x
2 x pi x rpm. (Divided by) / (60 sec. x 746 watts) = horse powers.

B- Of a Modular Hydraulic Air Compressor that produces the needed fuel for the
functioning of said power
plant of patents no Ca 2328580 or US 6990809. Such fuel is the volume of
compressed air not its
pressure, as explained above.

6


CA 02548690 2007-06-01
Said Modular Hydraulic Air Compressor includes:

1- An elevated water reservoir including:

a- An air/water mixing-head placed in said elevated water reservoir, in which
water is mixed to air
bubbles before flowing downwardly to a lower separating device.

b- A down-take head pipe in which air/water mix is transferred at high speed
between the
air/water-mixing head and a lower separating device.

c- An up-take tail pipe in which air-free water is transferred back by a
conventional water pump
from the bottom of a lower separating device to the elevated water reservoir
at the lowest
possible speed using in the process minimum possible energy.

2- A separating device arranged at a lower level that includes:

a- A secondary separating compartment in which the air/water mix drops first
while exiting from
the down-take head-pipe at high speed.

b- A substantial deflecting member called separating cone that is affixed in a
central position
inside said secondary separating compartment and far from the interior walls
of the same at a
well predetermined height from the bottom of said secondary separating
compartment that
allows un-separated air/water mix to flow easily to the lower compartment of
said secondary
separating compartment of the lower separating device. Said separating cone is
positioned
under the lower end of the down-take head pipe with its apex preferably
extending into the
mouth of said down-take head pipe.

c- A main separating compartment where the air/water mix arrives coming from
the secondary
separating compartment through an inter-communicating conical pipe.

d- A very long inter-communicating conical pipe in which said air/water mix is
transferred from
the bottom of the secondary separating compartment into the main separating
compartment at
the beginning of the run that said air/water mix travels before entering the
intake of the up-take
tail pipe. This inter-conununicating conical pipe requires always an ascending
slope in order to
permit a full exhaust of all compressed air that separates from water into it,
and requires to have
7


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

at its intake where the air/water mix enters from the bottom of the secondary
separating
compartment to be transferred into the main separating compartment, at least
the same diameter
of the down-take head pipe.

e- A main separating chamber where the mix of air/water drops coming from the
secondary
separating compartment for the last separating process of said air/water mix.

f- Separations that are placed inside said main separating chamber in a way to
let the air/water
mix to travel a longer distance in a loop from where it is originally dropped
by the Inter-
communicating conical pipe to an air-free water's compartment where the intake
of the up-take
tail pipe of said modular hydraulic air compressor is located, in order to
give all the needed time
for the separation of all air bubbles from water.

g- A vertical baffle that is placed right before the intake of the up-take
tail-pipe in the main
separating compartment at the end of the run of the air/water mix where the
last air bubbles of
the air/water mix are supposed to be separated, which preferably consists of
two parts, one
lower part that is an impenetrable barrier, and an upper part that has
horizontal pipe-like
passages in order to allow air-fee water to flow from the air/water separating
chamber of said
main separating compartment to the air-free water's compartment where the
intake of the up-
take tail pipe of said modular hydraulic air compressor is located, without
whirling or forming
vortexes in the separating chamber when the water-transferring pump is running
and
transferring air-free water between the bottom of the main separating
compartment and the
upper water reservoir of said modular hydraulic air compressor.

h- A compressed air receiver that is located at the upper section of both
secondary and main
air/water separating compartments, where compressed air coming from said both
secondary and
main separating compartments is housed after being separated under a
predetermined discharge
pressure that is due to the hydrostatic pressure of the column of water that
exists between the
water surfaces of the elevated water reservoir and of the lower separating
device.

3- A conventional water-transferring pump that is placed in the up-take tail-
pipe between the lower
separating device and the elevated water reservoir in order to provoke a
closed looping path for the
water in witch atmospheric air is entrained, separated and compressed
continuously as long as said
water-transferring pump is running in order to run said power plant of patents
no CA 2328580 or US
6990809, where the resulting overall energy production of said self-propelled
energy generator, is
much higher than the energy used by the water-transferring pump of the present
modular hydraulic
8


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

air compressor. Water speed in said down-take head pipe and up-take tail pipe,
of same water flow
of said modular hydraulic air compressor, can be the same or different
according to the surface of
the section of each pipe. In order to have the needed results of said modular
hydraulic air
compressor, the surface of the section of said down-take head-pipe has to be
smaller and well
calculated that gives the right speed for the down flowing air/water mix, to
allowing maximum
amount of air bubbles to travel downwardly from said mixing head to the lower
separating device.
Thus the entrainment of air in terms of cubic feet of air per gallon of water
becomes meaningful
when a time factor or scale is considered.

4- A compressed air tank that holds the supply of compressed air before being
transferred to the power
plant of said self-propelled energy generator the subject of the present
invention or to any other use.
5- A house valve including A pressure-regulating valve that can be installed
between the compressed
air receiver of the air/water mix separating device and the compressed air
tank in order to regulate
the discharged compressed airflow pressure of said modular hydraulic air
compressor. Said
compressed air discharge pressure has to be higher than the hydrostatic
pressure of the column of
water of the power plant's pool in order to facilitate an effective compressed
air transfer to the
ascending containers of said power plant of patents no CA 2328580 or no US
6990809. More over
said valve house includes all means needed for the good start and control of
said modular hydraulic
air compressor.

6- By placing said separating air/water mix device of said modular hydraulic
air compressor in the
bottom of said deep well, it allows us to enlarge the volume of the lower
separating device by
digging down deeper or by constructing a sort of an underground tunnel were
air/water mix can
travel slowly in a much longer distance before air-free water can be
transferred back to said upper
water reservoir of said modular hydraulic air compressor in order to start
another compression cycle.
In addition, this design allows us to produce all the time the needed airflow
that has a discharge
pressure higher than the hydrostatic pressure which exists where compressed
air is supposed to be
injected in bottom of the power plant's pool.

Efficiency of said modular hydraulic air compressor:

Previous studies were conducted in the beginning of the twentieth century at
the Hydraulic Air Compressor of
the Victoria mine in Rockland-Michigan-USA and at the Ragged Chutes' Hydraulic
Air Compressor in Cobalt-
Ontario-Canada before that this powerful hydraulic air compressor was hit by
an earth quake in 1935, and its
discharged airflow was reduced to almost 45% of the original discharged
airflow. These studies proved that
9


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

using Mr. Charles Taylor's design that harnesses the energy of flowing water
of waterways was very effective
and the efficiency of such hydraulic air compressor was proved to be a maximum
of 83%. As an example, the
following real numbers of the Ragged Chutes' hydraulic air compressor that was
the biggest in the world of its
kind prove this efficiency of 83%. According to plan, said Ragged Chutes'
Hydraulic Air Compressor, has a
107m deep down-take head pipe in which drops an air/water mix coming from two
mixing heads, a 306m
horizontal tunnel where air bubbles of said air/water mix separate and get
compressed by hydrostatic pressure of
the column of water of a 90m high up-take tail pipe, while the original
discharged airflow of the Ragged Chutes'
Hydraulic Air Compressor was 40000cfrn or 1132 cubic meter per minute. This
airflow of 1132m3 of free-air
was produced by a water flow of 22.7 cubic meters per second that is the
equivalent of 1364 cubic meter per
minute. If we divide the volume of the airflow that is 1132m3 by the volume of
the water flow that is 1364m3,
we get exactly 83%. In addition the diameter of the head pipe of the Ragged
Chutes' Hydraulic Air Compressor
was 9 feet or 2.8125m that gives a section's surface of 6.2126m2, [radius x
radius x pi or (3.1416)] _
[(2.8125m/2) x (2.8125m/2) x 3.1416 = 6.2126m2].
Then the distance or the speed that the air/water mix travels downwardly per
second is: [Volume of water flow
per minute in (m3) Divided by Section of the down-take head pipe in (m2)]
Divided by 60 seconds =(1362m3 /
6.2126m2) 60sec. = 3.6539m/sec.

The modular hydraulic air compressor of said self-propelled energy generator
the subject of the present
invention has a water-transferring pump that gives to said air/water mix a
down flowing speed of 4 meters per
second or more that is way more than the 3.6539 meters per second of the down
flowing air/water mix of the
Ragged Chutes' Hydraulic Air Compressor. According to the above-mentioned
numbers, the efficiency and the
airflow volume of said modular hydraulic air compressor the element of the
subject of the present invention
would be at least 83% of the water flow volume that can be circulated in said
modular hydraulic air compressor.
In addition, the technology of the twenty-first centuries would help probably
to come up with a much better
studied air/water-mixing head where such efficiency will be even much higher
than 83%.

Air/water mixing heads of said modular hydraulic air compressor:

In order to harness maximum amount of compressed airflow in said modular
hydraulic air compressor, various
type of mixing heads having different kind of air entraining devices can be
employed. The following mixing
head was taken as an example:

Patent no CA 438591 describes a siphon or suction device as an intake-head for
entraining air in the water
that includes the following:

a- A downwardly tapering induction or compression tube, which is arranged
centrally within the


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

lower part of the air/water mixing head and has its lower end connected with
the upper end of
the down-take head pipe by any suitable coupling means.

b- Said compression tube is maintained in a central position relative to the
intake head and to the
down-take head pipe by a spider consisting preferably of a centering and
supporting collar
surrounding the lower part of the induction tube and provided with a plurality
of centering fins
which project laterally from different parts of its periphery into engagement
with different parts
of the bore of the neck of the intake head which is in effect a part of the
compression tube.

c- The upper end of the induction tube connects with the lower inner edge of
an upwardly flaring
flange, which forms the bottom of an annular air chamber.

d- From the outer edge of this bottom, a cylindrical flange projects upwardly
and forms an annular
outer wall of the air chamber. This wall is spaced from the upright wall of
the upper water
reservoir, where in this space are located a plurality of air intake pipes,
each of which has an
upright upper part opening at its upper end into the air space in the upper
part of the intake head
and an inwardly curved part which connects with the wall of the air chamber
and communicates
with the interior of the latter.

e- At the upper end of the air chamber is arranged a downwardly tapering or
conical induction or
siphon ring which is preferably of downwardly and inwardly curved form in
cross section and
connected at its outer elevated edge with the upper edge of the upright wall
of the air chamber.
In the space between this upper induction ring and the upper end of the lower
induction tube, a
plurality of intermediate induction or siphon rings are arranged in the form
of vertical stack or
tier, which intermediate induction rings are of progressively smaller diameter
from the
uppermost to the lowermost of the series. Each of these induction rings has
its edge overlapping
the outer edge of the next lower induction ring and the lowermost ring has its
inner edge
overlapping the inner side of the induction tube, and the overlapping parts of
these members are
spaced from each other so as to form an annular downwardly tapering or conical
siphoning
passage between the overlapping parts of each adjacent two of these members.
By this mean,
these induction rings form the inner wall of the air chamber and the several
passages establish
communication between the air chamber and the mixing passage which is formed
by the space
surrounded by the several induction rings.

f- Within the induction chamber is arranged an induction head which comprises
a lower
downwardly tapering or conical bottom projecting downwardly into the central
part of the
11


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

mixing passage or chamber, an upright cylindrical side wall projecting
upwardly from the outer
edge of the conical bottom into the upper part of the air and water intake
chamber, and a top
connected with the upper edge of the side wall so that a head consisting of
the conical bottom,
the upright cylindrical side wall and the top, forms a sealed hollow member
which floats in the
water within the lower part of the air and water intake chamber and has its
lower conical part
immersed therein, while the upper cylindrical part thereof projects above the
water level and
into the air space within the upper part of the air and water intake chamber.
The conical bottom
of the induction head is spaced from the several conical induction rings by
the annular mixing
passage. This mixing passage has the general shape of an inverted flaring bell
or trumpet
through which a correspondingly shaped stream flows downwardly, which stream
is composed
of a mixture of water taken from the upper part of the intake chamber and air
taken from the air
chamber and drawn by suction from the several induction passages into the
mixing passage. By
these means the air is entrained in the water and compressed by the same as
this fluid mixture
flows through the compression pipe from the upper to the lower end of the
latter.

g- The several induction rings are connected with each other and the induction
tube by bracing
means so that the same and the bottom and side walls practically form an
integral unit, which
bracing means serve to prevent the stream of air and water while flowing
downwardly through
the induction passage from whirling and producing a vortex. In their preferred
form these
bracing means comprise a plurality of upright radial webs or vanes arranged
equidistant in an
annular row in the space between the bottom of the induction head and the
induction rings.
Each of these webs engages the curved outer edge of its upper part with the
inner side of the
several induction rings and secured thereto by brazing or otherwise, and this
outer edge portion
is provided with a vertical row of upwardly opening slots which receives the
inner tapering
edge of one of the induction rings and forms an upwardly projecting spacing
finger which bears
against the opposing sides of the overlapping parts of the respective
induction rings and the
induction tube. The lower part of the outer edge of each spacing web engages
with the inner
side of the induction tube and the lower parts of the inner edges of these
webs engage each
other, thereby mutually supporting each other. These bracing webs, therefore,
perform the dual
function of tying together the several members of the induction unit but also
preventing the
stream of mixed water and air from whirling, thereby shortening the path of
the stream and also
preventing a reduction in the output of compressed air which otherwise would
occur if the
stream of air and water were permitted to form a vortex preparatory to
entering the compressing
pipe of said air/water mixing head.

h- Means that are provided for adjusting the induction head vertically for the
purpose of varying
12


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

the cross section of the mixed stream of air and water flowing downwardly
through the mixing
passage and obtaining the maximum output compressed airflow from a given
modular hydraulic
air compressor's design.

The following air/water mixing heads can be used too:

1- Patent no US 892772 describes an effective mixing head that was employed
actively in a large
hydraulic air compressor in Cobalt-Ontario-Canada for more than 70 years until
1981. Said mixing
head of patent no US 892772, consist of a floatable member adapted to
controlling the intake of
water and air, including means whereby the volume of water and air received by
the compressor can
be adjusted to a predetermined standard of work to be done. At Ragged Chutes'
Hydraulic Air
Compressor the disclosed mixing head of patent no US 892772, proved its
effectiveness and in order
to produce 1132m3 of free-air per minute that represent an efficiency of 83%
on a water flow of
1364m3, the water flows into a large chamber 50 feet by 40 feet, where twin
mixing heads of 16 feet
diameter, each containing 72 fourteen-inch circular pipes, 7 feet 10 inches
long, draw air into water,
and by experience, it has been found that the optimum conditions of turbulence
are obtained when
the heads are submerged about 16 inches below gates at the entrance to the
chamber, which can be
displaced vertically to vary the volume of water entering.

2- Patent no CA 363598 describes an air/water mixing head having air
entraining device of
substantially inverted conical form with a plurality of air induction tubes
protruding there from, the
cone being centrally positioned within the falling column of water with its
axis substantially
concentric with the down-take head pipe through which the water falls.

3- Patent no CA 394227 describes a hollow air/water mixing head that can be
secured at the top end of
the down-take head pipe, and forms an upward continuation thereof terminating
below the surface of
water of the upper water reservoir. An opening within the head is of
considerably greater diameter
than the bore of the down-take head pipe, but it is reduced downwardly to the
point of
communication with the bore of the down-take head pipe whereby to permit of
the entry of a large
body of water and entrained air and to decrease the volume of the flow into
the down-take head pipe.
A plurality of small tubes extended through the top of the head and
terminating below the surface of
the water of the upper water reservoir provides means for admitting water
mixed with air bubbles.

4- A venturi-type like air/water mixing head that can be secured to a down-
take head pipe. The purpose
of said venturi-type like air mixing head is to entrain air bubble within a
flow of water. Said venturi-
type like air/water mixing head includes:

13


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

a- A water inlet, which is appropriately secured to a source of water, such as
a pipe connected to
the water-transferring pump or to the end of a first upper section of said
down-take head pipe of
said modular hydraulic air compressor or the like.

b- A converging nozzle that ends the water inlet inside a vacuum chamber.

c- A vacuum chamber connected to a venturi before a diverging cone that in
turn is connected to
the collar of the other lower section of the down-take head pipe.

Functioning of a venturi-type like air/water mixing head:

A drop in the air pressure draws air through the air inlet when fast flowing
water flows into the vacuum chamber
through said converging nozzle. Thus, air bubbles mixes with water in the
vacuum chamber and in the venturi
while crossing to the diverging cone before entering said down-take head pipe.
In this venturi-type like mixing
head, a greater efficiency may be obtained by using multi-nozzle water jets in
an enlarged vacuum chamber to
maximize the amount of air entrained in water.

The construction of a self-propelled energy generator the subject of the
present invention is done
according to the following process:

1- A circular or elliptical-shape Like deep well is dogged up and its walls
cemented in order to make it
suitable to receive:
a- In its bottom the lower separating device of said modular hydraulic air
compressor.
b- Above said lower separating device the power plant's pool that contains the
power plant it-self
with its upper and lower cogwheels, the endless-chain, the containers, the
rotary transfer joint
and the pneumatic circuit through which compressed air is transferred to the
ascending
containers of said power plant.

2- The driving shaft of the upper cogwheel of said power plant, receives on
one end a flywheel in order to
normalize the rotation of said power plant, and on the other end a Foucault-
current electromagnetic
brake combined to a gearbox that are mounted to be used mainly to normalize
the rotation speed of said
driving shaft, and allow an overdriven speed for the main electrical generator
that is mounted last on this
driving shaft but on dry land.

3- The best and most effective air/water mixing head is built and put in place
in the upper water reservoir at
14


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

the collar of the down-take head pipe in order to provide the best mix of
air/water that is responsible of
the output airflow which in turn gives the best efficiency of said self-
propelled energy generator.

4- The water-transferring pump is placed in the up-take tail pipe in order to
circulate water in a closed
looping path while transferring air-free water from the bottom of the lower
separating device to the
upper water reservoir, that allows atmospheric air to be entrained downwardly
through the down-take
head pipe at high speed to the separating device were air bubbles are
separated and compressed by the
hydrostatic pressure of the column of water that exists between the water
surfaces of the upper water
reservoir and the lower separating device.

5- The compressed air transfer pipe is put in place in order to transfer
compressed air from the compressed
air receiver of the lower separating device to the compressed air tank through
a pressure control valve of
a valve house that normalize the needed compressed air discharge pressure that
has to be little higher
then the hydrostatic pressure where compressed air is injected in bottom of
said pool of said power plant.

6- The pneumatic circuit is put in place in order to transfer compressed air
from the compressed air tank to
the ascending containers of said power plant.

Compressed air production by a Modular Hydraulic Air Compressor:

In order to run the power plant of said self-propelled energy generator; the
needed fuel has to be available. Such
fuel is the volume of compressed air that is produced by said modular
hydraulic air compressor according to the
following process:

1- Before starting said Modular Hydraulic Air Compressor, all of its
components have to be in place.

2- Water will be put inside said modular hydraulic air compressor up to the
designed limit of the upper
water reservoir including the lower separating device, the down-take head pipe
and up-take tail pipe.

3- One major issue has to be respected when filling up the modular hydraulic
air compressor and the power
plant's pool, is to make sure that water will be put according to the
following:

a- First the lower separating device that is located in the bottom of said
deep well will be filed up
first to the limit of the bottom of said empty power plant.
b- Then water will be put at the same time in the power plant's pool, in the
down-take head pipe
and in the up-take tail pipe of said modular hydraulic air compressor, in a
way to not put big


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

pressure on the bottom of said power plant's pool that is at the same time the
upper side of the
lower separating device.
c- If the modular hydraulic air compressor was allowed to fill up first until
the designed limit of
the upper water reservoir's surface, then the hydrostatic pressure of the
column of water that
exists between the upper water reservoir's surface and the upper side of the
lower separating
device will be tremendous from inside out, that may fra.cture the upper side
of said lower
separating device if the structure is not strong enough.
d- And if the power plant's pool was allowed to fill up first until the
designed level, then the
tremendous hydrostatic pressure that exists between the pool water's surface
and the bottom of
said pool, may fracture the pool's bottom toward the lower separating device
if the structure is
not strong enough.

4- An outside source of energy is provided in order to start-up the water-
transferring pump. The start-up of
said water-transferring pump is done slowly in order to give the right
transferring speed to the circulated
water through the down-take head pipe.

5- When the flow of water starts going downwardly from the upper water
reservoir to the lower separating
device through the air/water mixing head, atmospheric air bubbles will be
entrained, thus a mix of air
bubbles with water is formed. This air/water mix travels downwardly by the
down-take head pipe at a
predetermined speed that is actuated by the water-transferring pump, which
allows a well-studied
compressed airflow to be produced according to the actual design.

6- When the air/water mix exits the down-take head pipe, it hits the
separating cone of the secondary
separating compartment. At this stage, some air bubbles separate from water
and flow backwardly into
said compressed air receiver through well placed orifices in said horizontal
baffle that separates between
said separating cone and said compressed air receiver.

7- The air/water mix continues its journey to flow downwardly into the lower
section of said secondary
separating compartment before being transferred to the main separating chamber
of the main separating
compartment through the inter-communicating conical pipe.

8- The air/water mix exits the inter-communicating conical pipe at the
beginning of the looping run in said
main separating compartment where said air/water mix travels while all air
bubbles separate and rise to
said compressed air receiver.

9- Said air/water mix travels the looping path drawn by separations that
elongate the travelled distance in
16


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

order to give more time for the last air bubbles to separate from water.

10- Arriving at the end of said looping path the last air bubbles should have
been completely separated from
water.

11- Air-free water travels through the horizontal pipe-like passages of said
vertical baffle that separates
between the main separating chamber and the air-free water's compartment where
the intake of said up-
take tail pipe is located, without whirling or forming vortexes in the main
separating chamber.

12- The air that accumulates in the compressed air receiver is being
compressed by the hydrostatic pressure
of the column of water that exists between water surfaces of the upper water
reservoir and the lower
separating device.

13- Air-free water enters into the up-take tail pipe at the lower bottom of
said main separating compartment
while being sucked by the water-transferring pump.

14- Air-free water returns to the upper water reservoir where same water
starts another compressing cycle.
15- Before letting compressed air transferring to said power plant of patent
no CA 2328580 or US 6990809
through said compressed air tank, we have to make sure that said compressed
air receiver is full of
compressed air first, then only then we fill up the compressed air tank. If
the air tank was allowed to fill
at the same time as the receiver, a sorry mess it would be, instead of a tank
full of compressed air we
would have a tank full of water.

16- The air compression process produces a lot of heat. Big portion of this
heat goes upwardly to heating up
the water of the power plant's pool.

17- The power plant is then started. Energy will be produced as long as
compressed air is produced and
injected into the ascending containers of said power plant.

18- The imprisoned compressed air of the ascending containers is in turn
heated up by the pool's water,
which recuperated the lost heat. Then the expanded air volume displaces more
water that allows in
addition of the originally displaced water by the originally injected
compressed air volume, a bigger
buoyant force where in turn more energy is produced. This phenomenon of
returning the heat back to the
expanded airflow closes the isothermal compression cycle of the modular
hydraulic air compressor's
process. Said isothermal compression of said modular hydraulic air compressor
of said self-propelled
17


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

energy generator is a new process in air compression business where lost
energy in heat during an air
compression process, can be recuperated and used to producing even more
energy.

19- When said self-propelled energy generator will be fully in operation and
the output energy production is
at its maximum, then the output source of energy that is supplying said water-
transferring pump of said
modular hydraulic air compressor will be cut off while the energy supply to
said water-transferring
pump will be taken from the energy that is produced by said power plant of
said self-propelled energy
generator the subject of the present invention, and the rest of that produced
energy goes to supply an
electrical grid that in turn supplies households and businesses.

The other aspects of this invention:

A- A modular hydraulic air compressor having a water turbine that can be
installed optionally above or
instead of said separating cone in the secondary separating compartment of
said lower separating device
where the air/water mix exits at high speed from said down-take head-pipe and
its kinetic energy is used
to harness through said water turbine even more energy. In addition this water
turbine enhances at this
stage the preliminary air separation process from the air/water mix.

B- A modular hydraulic air compressor having one or more extra air/water
mixing devices that can be
installed on the down-take head pipe in order to let the down flowing water
toward the lower separating
device to entrain more air bubbles. The number of extra air/water mixing
devices depends on the height
of the down-take head pipe. The growing hydrostatic pressure in said head pipe
at a bigger depth
compresses more and more the air bubbles of the down flowing air/water mix
that comes from the main
air/water mixing head. The consequences of that growing hydrostatic pressure,
is the compression of the
air bubbles of said air/water mix that makes an air-lean mix at different
depth, where a place for more air
bubbles will be available. Then the extra air bubbles that will be entrained
from the extra air/water
mixing devices at different heights of the down-take head pipe, increase the
out flowing compressed
airflow of said modular hydraulic air compressor which in turn increases the
efficiency of said self-
propelled energy generator the subject of the present invention.

C- An air blower that can be used to push more air into the air/water mixing
heads that helps the down
flowing air-lean water mix to entrain even more air bubbles. This air blower
can be run exclusively if
needed, by the energy that can be produced by said water turbine which
harnesses the kinetic energy of
the fast down-flowing air/water mix of said modular hydraulic air compressor
the subject of the present
invention.

18


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

D- A self-propelled energy generator having the power plant of patents no
CA2328580 or no US6990809,
and the modular hydraulic air compressor sharing same water of the same pool,
but said same pool is
divided into two compartments communicating with each other from the bottom
only to allowing to
have hot water in the first compartment where the power plant is located and
colder water in the second
compartment or as we called it the upper reservoir of said modular hydraulic
air compressor. This
specific design permits the recuperation in a better way the lost energy of
the compression process, but it
needs to dig dipper for the lower separating device of said modular hydraulic
air compressor in order to
be able to produce the right airflow at a right discharge pressure, that is
higher than the hydrostatic
pressure of the column of water where the compressed air is injected is the
ascending containers of said
power plant.

Note: Said conventional water-transferring pump of said modular hydraulic air
compressor,
that is placed in the up-take tail-pipe between the lower separating device
and the elevated water
reservoir in order to provoke a closed looping path for the water in witch
atmospheric air is entrained,
can be installed in a separate dry well adjacent to the deep circular or
elliptical shape-like well in which
said power plant and said modular hydraulic air compressor of said self-
propelled energy generator are
installed, in order to facilitate the installation and the maintenance of the
above-mentioned conventional
water-transferring pump.

E- A self-propelled energy generator having the power plant of patents no
CA2328580 or no US6990809
affixed inside a compartment including a half- sphere shape in its lower part
where the lower cogwheel
is located, two pipes where the ascending containers move upwardly in one pipe
and the descending
containers move downwardly in the second pipe, and an open upper part that
permits water to overflow
from said compartment to the power plant's main pool. The major role of said
above-mentioned
compartment is to contain a smaller quantity of water insulated from the rest
of the same water of the
power plant's main pool. Thus, during the functioning of said self-propelled
energy generator, hot water
is transferred first from the separating device of said modular hydraulic air
compressor into the pipe in
which the ascending containers are moving upwardly in order to create a hot
surrounding for said
ascending containers that permits an ideal heat exchange between hot water
coming from the separating
device of said modular hydraulic air compressor and the colder expanding
compressed air of the
ascending containers that permits to close up effectively the isothermal
compression cycle of said self-
propelled energy generator the subject of the present invention.

F- A self-propelled energy generator having a small water transferring-pump in
every container of the
power plant of patents no CA2328580 or no US6990809 that permits hot water-
transfer from the pipe of
19


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

said above-mentioned compartment in which the ascending containers are moving
upwardly, into every
single ascending container. In fact, and during the expansion of the
imprisoned compressed air of the
ascending containers, a lot of heat is needed in order to close up the
isothermal compression cycle of
said self-propelled energy generator. The heat exchange between hot water that
surrounds the ascending
containers and the colder expanding air that is imprisoned inside said
ascending containers can be not
efficient enough because of the heat transfer coefficient of the materials of
which the containers are
made. Thus, in order to provide enough heat to the expanding compressed air,
said water transferring-
pump plays a major role in this regard, where a part of hot water is sucked up
by said water transferring-
pump from the pipe of the above-mentioned compartment in which ascending
containers are moving
upwardly, and transferred to the inside part of the ascending container where
compressed air is in
expansion process at shallower depth during the functioning of said self-
propelled energy generator. The
hot water showering process of the expanding air in every ascending container
can be well studied and
done according to a gear that runs the small water transferring pump of every
ascending container when
it engages an affixed cog-rail during the ascending run of said container.
This showering process of the
expanding air can start only when the temperature of expanding compressed air
and the temperature of
surrounding hot water of the compartment are the same. The depth, at which the
showering process can
start, is normally shallower than the depth of the lower cogwheel where the
compressed air-transfer is
done into every ascending container.

G- A self-propelled energy generator having a water transferring-pipe in every
container of the power plant
of patents no CA2328580 or no US6990809 instead of the above-mentioned small
water-transferring
pump, in order to transfer hot water from the pipe of the above-mentioned
compartment in which
ascending containers are moving upwardly, to the inside part of the ascending
container where
compressed air is in expansion process at shallower depth during the
functioning of said self-propelled
energy generator.

Note: The intake of said transferring-pipe is directed upwardly in the same
direction the ascending
containers are moving during the functioning of said self-propelled energy
generator that let hot water to
entering into every ascending container. Thus, during the ascending run of
every ascending container,
hot water enters said hot water transferring-pipe then to the shower that
showers the expanding colder
compressed air with hot water.

Result of the use of extra air/water mixing devices and air blowers:
The more compressed air volume said modular hydraulic air compressor could
produce the better is the
performance and the efficiency of said self-propelled energy generator. Thus,
with the use of extra air/water
mixing devices and air blowers, the entrainment of more atmospheric air into
said lower separating device of


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

said modular hydraulic air compressor, would be a real fact and any quantity
of air that ends in said air receiver
of said lower separating device, is condemned to be compressed, because it
does not have any other choice of
escaping after entering said air receiver without being compressed. The only
exit for the imprisoned air in said
air receiver is through said compressed air transferring pipe and the pressure
control valve of said house valve.
Thus, the more fuel we can produce the bigger the power plant will be, and the
result in the end is the overall
energy production of said self-propelled energy generator that exceeds by a
lot, the energy used by said modular
hydraulic air compressor.

Result of the use:
1- Of a compartment in which the power plant of said self-propelled energy
generator is installed.
In order to give back the expanding compressed air, the heat that was lost
during its compression process in said
modular hydraulic air compressor, a hot surrounding has to be provided to the
expanding compressed air into
said ascending containers of said power plant of said self-propelled energy
generator. Thus, If the hot water of
the compression chamber was to be transferred directly into the power plant's
pool not into said above-
mentioned compartment, the water temperature of the power plant's pool will be
lower than needed for a right
isothermal expansion. For this raison the use of the above-mentioned
compartment, is a most in order to produce
a maximum amount of energy using the same airflow of the same modular
hydraulic air compressor.

2- Of small water transferring-pumps in every container of the power plant of
patents no CA2328580
or no US6990809 that permits hot water-transfer from the pipe of said above-
mentioned
compartment into every ascending container, where compressed air is in
expansion process at
shallower depth during the functioning of said self-propelled energy
generator.

The imprisoned expanding compressed air gets the needed heat for its
isothermal expansion from the
surrounding through the material of the container and directly from water that
exists inside the ascending
containers. During the functioning of said self-propelled energy generator,
hot water exists always outside of the
ascending containers because of the steady hot water transferring from the
separating device, but inside the
ascending containers, hot water is staidly loosing heat during air expansion
if we don't heat it up. Thus, In order
to provide enough heat for the expansion process, we make sure that the gear
of the water-transferring pump
engages an affixed cog-rail that provides a rotation for the pump that pumps
hot water from the pipe in which hot
water is transferred to it from the separating device. The pumped hot water is
then transferred to a showering
system affixed inside of the container, that showers the expanding compressed
air with a multitude of droplets in
order to enlarge the contact surface between hot water and expanding
compressed air, that helps to provide an
effective heat for the expansion process in order to close up the isothermal
compression process of said self-
propelled energy generator the subject of the present invention.

21


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

3- Of water transferring-pipes in every container of the power plant of
patents no CA2328580 or no
US6990809 instead of the above-mentioned small water-transferring pumps, in
order to transfer
hot water from the pipe of the above-mentioned compartment in which ascending
containers are
moving upwardly, to the inside part of the ascending container where
compressed air is in
expansion process at shallower depth during the functioning of said self-
propelled energy
generator, without the use of an affixed cog-rail.

Instead of using a pump in order to transfer hot water to the ascending
container's showering system, we use a
pipe that has its intake directed in the same direction of the ascending
container. Thus, during the functioning of
said self-propelled energy generator, hot water enters into the pipe and gets
transferred to the showering system
of said ascending containers that showers the expanding compressed air with a
multitude of droplets in order to
enlarge the contact surface between hot water and expanding compressed air,
that helps to provide an effective
heat for the expansion process in order to close up the isothermal compression
process of said self-propelled
energy generator the subject of the present invention.

Note: In order to respect the continuity equation for said main water-
transferring pump, a secondary water-
transferring pump could be used in order to transfer the needed water for the
good functioning of the apparatus,
from said power plant's pool into said lower separating device.

Finally, The best and most interesting conclusion of the above, is that one
element of said self-propelled energy
generator the subject of the present invention, is producing the fuel that is
used by another element of said same
self-propelled energy generator in order to produce a much bigger amount of
energy than the amount of energy
that is used by the first element to produce the needed fuel.

To those skilled in the art to which the invention relates, may changes in
construction and widely differing
embodiments and applications of the invention will suggest themselves without
departing from the scope of the
invention as defined in the appended claims. The disclosures and the
descriptions herein are purely illustrative
and are not intended to be in any sense limiting.

For a better understanding of this invention and to facilitate its
examination, it is represented in the following 34
Figures.

22


CA 02548690 2007-06-01
Brief description of the drawings:

Figure 1 a front view of a modular hydraulic air compressor.

Figure 2 a front view of a modular hydraulic air compressor having a water
turbine that harnesses the kinetic
energy of the down flowing air/water mix.

Figure 3 a top schematic view of a modular hydraulic air compressor.
Figures 4 a top cross sectional view along line B-B of figure 1.

Figure 5 a top schematic view of a modular hydraulic air compressor having a
water turbine that harnesses the
kinetic energy of the down flowing air/water mix.

Figure 6 a top cross sectional view along line B-B of figure 2.

Figure 7 a schematic front view of a self-propelled energy generator including
a modular hydraulic air
compressor coupled to a power plant of patents no CA 2328580 or US 6990809.

Figure 8 a schematic front view of a self-propelled energy generator including
a modular hydraulic air
compressor having a water turbine that harnesses the kinetic energy of the
down flowing air/water mix, and
coupled to a power plant of patents no CA 2328580 or US 6990809.

Figure 9 a front cross sectional view along line C-C of figure 3.
Figure 10 a front cross sectional view along line D-D of figure 5.
Figure 11 a top cross sectional view along line A-A of figure 1.
Figure 12 a top cross sectional view along line A-A of figure 2.

Figure 13 an enlarged schematic front cross sectional view along line F-F of
figure 15.

Figure 14 an enlarged right schematic view of a vertical baffle that helps air-
free water transfer without whirling
and vortexes, between the separating chamber of the main separating
compartment and the air-free water's
compartment where the intake of the up-take tail pipe of said modular
hydraulic air compressor is located.

23


CA 02548690 2007-06-01
Figure 15 a top view of an air/water-mixing head.

Figure 16 a top schematic view of the affixed part of the air/water-mixing
head.

Figure 17 a top schematic view showing air and water supply to the air/water-
mixing head.

Figure 18 a top schematic view showing the paths of air and water supply to
the air/water-mixing passage
through the affixed part of said air/water mixing head.

Figure 19 a top view of a one-block self-propelled energy generator built in a
deep well including a modular
hydraulic air compressor and a corresponding power plant of patents no CA
2328580 or US 6990809.

Figure 20 a schematic front cross sectional view along line H-H of figure 19.

Figure 21 a schematic front cross sectional view along line H-H of figure 19
for a self-propelled energy
generator having water turbine that harnesses the kinetic energy of the speedy
down flowing air/water mix.
Figure 22 a schematic front cross sectional view along line H-H of figure 19
for a self-propelled energy
generator having a longer lower separating device that goes under ground from
one side, in order to let the
air/water mix to travel a longer distance that gives enough time for the last
air bubbles to separate from water
and go upwardly to said compressed air receiver.

Figure 23 a top view of a one-block self-propelled energy generator built in a
deep well including a modular
hydraulic air compressor having an extra air/water mixing device that is
affixed on the down-take head pipe
between the main air/water mixing head of the upper water reservoir and the
lower secondary separating device.
Figure 24 an enlarged cross sectional view of an extra air/water-mixing
device.

Figure 25 an enlarged cross sectional view of a venturi-type like extra
air/water mixing device.
Figure 26 a front cross sectional view along line I-I of figure 23.

Figure 27 a front cross sectional view along line I-I of figure 23 for a self-
propelled energy generator having in
addition an air blower that supplies the extra air/water mixing device.

24


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

Figure 28 a front view of a stopped modular hydraulic air compressor having an
extra air/water-mixing device.
Figure 29 a front cross sectional view along line C-C of figure 1 of a modular
hydraulic air compressor having a
venturi-type like extra air/water mixing device.

Figure 30 a schematic front cross sectional view along line H-H of figure 31.

Figure 31 a top view of a one-block self-propelled energy generator having a
power plant of patents no
CA2328580 or no US6990809, and a modular hydraulic air compressor sharing same
water of the same pool.
Figure 32 a schematic front cross sectional view along line H-H of figure 31
for a self-propelled energy
generator having containers, upper and lower cogwheels of said power plant,
placed in a compartment in which
hot water of said modular hydraulic air compressor is transferred in order to
have a maximum heat-transfer
between hot water and colder compressed air during compressed air expansion
cycle.

Figure 33 an enlarged schematic front cross sectional view of ascending
containers of said power plant showing
water pump's system of each container that showers colder compressed air
during its expansion cycle in order to
provide enough heat to close up the isothermal compression cycle of said self-
propelled energy generator.

Figure 34 an enlarged schematic front cross sectional view of ascending
containers of said power plant showing
water pipe's system of each container that showers colder compressed air
during its expansion cycle in order to
provide enough heat to close up the isothermal compression cycle of said self-
propelled energy generator.

When considered with the description herein, the characteristics of the
invention are apparent from the
accompanying drawings, which exemplify an embodiment of the invention for
purposes of illustration only, and
in which -

Figure 1 is a front view of a modular hydraulic air compressor including the
elevated water reservoir 1, the
air/water mixing-head 9, the air inlet pipes 10, the down-take head pipe 2,
the lower separating device 5
including its main separating compartment 5-A and its secondary separating
compartment 5-B, the up-take tail
pipe 3, the water-transfemng pump 4. In addition figure 1 includes the
compressed air-transfer pipe 6, the
compressed air tank 7 in which compressed air is collected before it is
transferred to said power plant P of
patents no CA 2328580 or US 6990809, the house valve 8 that has in addition a
pressure control valve which
controls the compressed air discharge pressure of said modular hydraulic air
compressor.

Figure 2 is a front view of a modular hydraulic air compressor having a water
turbine that harnesses the kinetic


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

energy of the down flowing air/water mix. Figure 2 includes in addition of
what was listed in figure 1, the
secondary electrical generator 11 that is run optionally by the water turbine
11-A.

Figure 3 is a top schematic view of a modular hydraulic air compressor
including the elevated water reservoir 1,
the air/water mixing-head 9, the air inlet pipes 10, the up-take tail pipe 3,
the lower separating device 5 including
its main separating compartment 5-A, and the compressed air-transfer pipe 6.

Figure 4 is a top cross sectional view along line B-B of figure 1 including
the down-take head pipe 2, the up-
take tail pipe 3, the compressed air-transfer pipe 6, the lower separating
device 5 including its main separating
compartment 5-A and its secondary separating compartment 5-B.

Figure 5 is a top schematic view of a modular hydraulic air compressor having
a water turbine that harnesses the
kinetic energy of the down flowing air/water mix including the elevated water
reservoir 1, the air/water mixing-
head 9, the air inlet pipes 10, the up-take tail pipe 3, the lower separating
device 5 including its main separating
compartment 5-A. In addition figure 5 includes the secondary electrical
generator 11 and the compressed air-
transfer pipe 6.

Figure 6 is a top cross sectional view along line B-B of figure 2 including
the down-take head pipe 2, the up-
take tail pipe 3, the lower separating device 5 including its main separating
compartment 5-A and its secondary
separating compartment 5-B. In addition figure 6 includes the secondary
electrical generator 11, the water
turbine 11-A, and the compressed air-transfer pipe 6.

Figure 7 is a schematic front view of a self-propelled energy generator
including a modular hydraulic air
compressor coupled to a power plant P of patents no CA 2328580 or US 6990809.
Figure 7 includes the elevated
water reservoir 1, the air/water mixing-head 9, the air inlet pipes 10, the
down-take head pipe 2, the lower
separating device 5 including its main separating comparhnent 5-A and its
secondary separating compartment 5-
B, the up-take tail pipe 3, the water-transferring pump 4. In addition figure
1 includes the compressed air-transfer
pipe 6, the house valve 8 that has in addition a pressure control valve that
controls the compressed air discharge
pressure of said modular hydraulic air compressor, the compressed air tank 7
in which compressed air is
collected before it is transferred to the power plant P of patents no CA
2328580 or US 6990809 through the
compressed air transfer pipe 18.

Figure 8 is a schematic front view of a self-propelled energy generator
including a modular hydraulic air
compressor having a water turbine 11-A that harnesses the kinetic energy of
the down flowing air/water mix,
and coupled to a power plant P of patents no CA 2328580 or US 6990809. Figure
8 includes in addition of what
was listed in figure 7 the secondary electrical generator 11 that is run
optionally by the water turbine 11-A.

26


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

Figure 9 is a front cross sectional view along line C-C of figure 3 including
a modular hydraulic air compressor
coupled to the power plant P of patents no CA 2328580 or US 6990809. Figure 9
includes the elevated water
reservoir 1, the air/water mixing-head 9 that includes the air inlet pipes 10,
the air chamber 25, the induction or
siphon rings 28, the mixing passage 30, the induction head 31 that forms a
sealed hollow member which floats in
the water within the lower part of the air and water intake chamber 34 and has
its lower conical part 32
immersed therein. In addition figure 9 includes the down-take head pipe 2, the
lower end 2-A of said down-take
head pipe 2, the lower separating device 5 including its main separating
compartment 5-A and its secondary
separating compartment 5-B, the separating cone 12 that helps to separate some
air bubbles from the air/water
mix in the secondary separating compartment 5-B, the holding means 15 that
affix the separating cone 12 in a
central position far from the interior walls of the secondary separating
compartment 5-B at a well predetermined
height from the bottom of the lower separating device 5 that allows the un-
separated air/water mix to flow easily
to the lower compartment 12-A of the secondary separating compartment 5-B of
the lower separating device 5,
the horizontal baffle 14 that is placed between the compressed air receiver 16
and the separating cone 12, the
compressed air transfer pipe 13 that transfers compressed air from under the
separating cone 12 to the
compressed air receiver 16 through well placed orifices 14-A in the horizontal
baffle 14, the lower compartment
12-A of the secondary separating compartment 5-B, the inter-communicating
conical pipe 17 in which the
air/water mix is transferred from the bottom of the secondary separating
compartment 5-B into the main
separating compartment 5-A, the inlet 17-A and the outlet 17-B of said inter-
communicating conical pipe 17, the
beginning 19 and the end 19-A of the run of the air/water mix in said main
separating compartment 5-A where
the air bubbles of the air/water mix are completely separated before going
upwardly to the compressed air
receiver 16, the air-free water's compartment 19-B where the inlet 3-A of the
up-take tail pipe 3 is placed, the
separations 21 of the separating chamber of the main separating compartment 5-
A that are placed in a way to let
the air/water mix to travel a longer distance in a loop from where it is
originally dropped by the outlet 17-B of
the inter-communicating conical pipe 17 to the intake 3-A of the up-take tail
pipe 3, the vertical baffle 20 with its
lower impenetrable barrier 20-A and its upper part that has horizontal pipe-
like passages 20-B in which air-free
water flows from the air/water separating chamber of the main separating
compartment 5-A to the air-free
water's compartment 19-B without whirling or forming vortexes in the
separating chamber, the up-take tail pipe
3, the water-transferring pump 4, the compressed air-transfer pipe 6, the
house valve 8 that has in addition a
pressure control valve that controls the compressed air discharge pressure of
said modular hydraulic air
compressor, the compressed air tank 7 in which compressed air is collected
before it is transferred to the rotary
transfer joint 18-A of said power plant P through the compressed air transfer
pipe 18, the compressed air
receiver 16 in which compressed air accumulates after being separated from
water before being transferred to the
power plant P through the pneumatic circuit that includes the compressed air
transfer pipe 6, the valve house 8,
the compressed air tank 7, the compressed air transfer pipe 18 and the rotary
transfer joint 18-A. More over
figure 9 shows the air-free water's run from the bottom of the air-free
water's compartment 19-B where the
27


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

water-transferring pump 4 sucks air-free water through the inlet 3-A in order
to transfer it to the elevated water
reservoir 1 where the same water starts another compressing cycle.

Figure 10 is a front cross sectional view along line D-D of figure 5 including
a modular hydraulic air
compressor having a water turbine 11-A that harnesses the kinetic energy of
the down flowing air/water mix,
and coupled to a power plant P of patents no CA 2328580 or US 6990809. Figure
10 includes in addition of
what was listed in figure 9 the water turbine 11-A that harnesses the kinetic
energy of the down flowing
air/water mix, the secondary electrical generator 11 that is run by the water
turbine 11-A through the coupling
shaft 11-B, the housing 11-C where inside of which the turbine 11-A turns
while helping at the same time the
separation of a part of the air bubbles of the air/water mix.

Figures 11 is a top cross sectional view along line A-A of figure 1 including
the lower separating device 5, the
main separating compartment 5-A, the secondary separating compartment 5-B, the
up-take tail pipe 3 with its
intake 3-A, the separating cone 12, the holding means 15 that affix said
separating cone 12 in a central position
far from the interior walls of the secondary separating compartment 5-B at a
well predetermined height from the
bottom of the lower separating device 5 that allows the un-separated air/water
mix to flow to said lower
compartment 12-A of the secondary separating compartment 5-B of the lower
separating device 5, the
compressed air transfer pipe 13 that transfers compressed air from under the
separating cone 12 to the
compressed air receiver 16 through well placed orifices 14-A in the horizontal
baffle 14, the inter-
communicating conical pipe 17 in which the air/water mix is transferred from
the bottom of the secondary
compartment 5-B into the main separating compartment 5-A, the inlet 17-A and
the outlet 17-B of the inter-
communicating conical pipe 17, the beginning 19 and the end 19-A of the run of
the air/water mix in the
separating chamber of said main separating compartment 5-A where the air
bubbles of the air/water mix are
completely separated before going to the compressed air receiver 16, the air-
free water's compartment 19-B
where the inlet 3-A of the water-transferring pump 4 is placed, the
separations 21 of the separating chamber of
the main separating compartment 5-A that are placed in a way to let the
air/water mix to travel a longer distance
in a loop from where it is originally dropped by the outlet 17-B of the inter-
communicating conical pipe 17 to the
intake 3-A of the up-take tail pipe 3, the vertical baffle 20 with its upper
part that has horizontal pipe-like
passages 20-B in which air-free water flows from the air/water separating
chamber of the main separating
compartment 5-A to the air-free water's compartment 19-B without whirling or
forming vortexes in the
separating chamber.

Figure 12 is a top cross sectional view along line A-A of figure 2. Figure 12
includes in addition of what was
listed in figure 11 excluding the compressed air transfer pipe 13, the water
turbine 11-A that harnesses the
kinetic energy of the down flowing air/water mix, the secondary electrical
generator 11 that is run by the water
turbine 11-A through the coupling shaft 11-B, the housing 11-C where inside of
which the turbine 11-A turns
28


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

while helping at the same time the separation of a part of the air bubbles of
the air/water mix.

Figure 13 is an ernlarged schematic front cross sectional view along line F-F
of figure 15 including the
downwardly tapering induction or compression tube 23 which is arranged
centrally within the lower part of the
air/water mixing head and has its induction lower end 23-A connected with the
upper end 2-B of the down-take
head pipe 2 by any suitable coupling means 2-C, the upper end of the induction
tube 23 that connects with the
lower inner edge of the upwardly flaring flange 24 that forms the bottom of
the annular air chamber 25, the
annular outer edge 26 of the air chamber 25, the air intake pipes 10 that
connect with the atmospheric air from
one side and with the air chamber 25 from the other side, the upper end 27 of
the air chamber 25 that is arranged
in a downwardly tapering or conical induction or siphon ring which is
preferably of downwardly and inwardly
curved form in cross section and connected at its outer elevated edge with the
upper edge of the upright wa1126
of the air chamber 25, the plurality of intermediate induction or siphon rings
28 that are located between the
upper induction ring 27 and the upper end of the lower induction tube 23, the
annular downwardly tapering or
conical siphoning passages 29 that are located between the overlapping parts
of each adjacent two of these
intermediate induction or siphon rings 28, the mixing passage 30, the
induction head 31 that forms a sealed
hollow member which floats in the water within the lower part of the air and
water intake chamber 34 and has its
lower conical part immersed therein. In addition figure 13 includes the lower
downwardly tapering or conical
bottom 32 of the induction head 31 that is projecting downwardly into the
central part of the mixing passage 30,
the upright cylindrical side wall 33 of the induction head 31 that projects
upwardly from the outer edge of the
conical bottom 32 into the upper part of the air and water intake chamber 34,
the top 35 of the induction head 31
that connects with the upper edge of the side wall 33. More over figure 13
includes the means 22 that are
provided for adjusting the induction head vertically for the purpose of
varying the cross section of the mixed
stream of air and water flowing downwardly through the mixing passage 30 and
obtaining the maximum output
compressed airflow from a given modular hydraulic air compressor's design.

Figure 14 is an enlarged right schematic view of the vertical baffle 20 that
helps air-free water-transferring
between the separating chamber of the main separating compartment 5-A, and the
air-free water's compartment
19-B where the intake 3-A of the up-take tail pipe 3 of said modular hydraulic
air compressor is located, without
whirling or forming vortexes in the separating chamber when the water-
transferring pump 4 is running and
transferring air-free water between the bottom of the air-free water's
compartment 19-B of the main separating
compartment 5-A, and the upper water reservoir 1 of said modular hydraulic air
compressor 9. Figure 14
includes in addition the lower part 20-A that is an impenetrable barrier, the
upper part that has horizontal pipe-
like passages 20-B, and the inter-communicating conical pipe 17 in which the
air/water mix is transferred from
the bottom of the secondary compartment 5-B into the main separating
compartment 5-A. Said inter-
communicating conical pipe 17 crosses the vertical baffle 20 at its very lower
section.

29


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

Figure 15 is a top view of an air/water-mixing head 9 including the air intake
pipes 10 that connect with the
atmosphere from one side and with the air chamber 25 from the other side, the
induction head 31 that forms a
sealed hollow member which floats in the water witlun the lower part of the
air and water intake chamber 34 and
has its lower conical part immersed therein, the upper water reservoir 1. In
addition figure 15 includes the means
22 that are provided for adjusting the induction head vertically for the
purpose of varying the cross section of the
mixed stream of air and water flowing downwardly through the mixing passage 30
and obtaining the maximum
output compressed airflow from a given modular hydraulic air compressor's
design.

Figure 16 is a top schematic view of the affixed part 9-A of the air/water-
mixing head 9 including the upper end
27 of the air chamber 25, the plurality of intermediate induction or siphon
rings 28 that are located between the
upper induction ring 27 and the upper end of the lower induction tube 23, the
mixing passage 30, the upper water
reservoir 1. In addition figure 16 includes the spider 36 that maintains said
compression tube 23-A in a central
position relative to the intake head 9 and to the down-take head pipe 2.

Figure 17 is a top schematic view showing air and water supply to the
air/water-mixing head. Figure 17 includes
in addition of what was listed in figure 15 the atmospheric airflow 37
entering the air intake pipes 10, and the
water flow 38 entering between the upper induction ring 27 and the conical
bottom 32 of the induction head 31
in order to entrain air from the air chamber 25 through the annular downwardly
tapering or conical siphoning
passages 29 that are located between the overlapping parts of each adjacent
two of these intermediate induction
or siphon rings 28 to form the air/water mix that flows downwardly through the
down-take head pipe 2.

Figures 18 is a top schematic view showing the path of air and water supply to
the air/water-mixing passage 30
through the affixed part 9-A of said air/water-mixing head 9. Figure 18
includes in addition of what was listed in
figure 16 the path 39 of the water flow 38 that comes from the upper water
reservoir 1 and the path 40 of the
atmospheric air 37 that is entrained by said water flow 38 from the air
chamber 25 through the annular
downwardly tapering or conical siphoning passages 29.

Figure 19 is a top view of a one-block self-propelled energy generator built
in a deep well 47 including a
modular hydraulic air compressor and a corresponding power plant P of patents
no CA 2328580 or US 6990809.
Figure 19 includes an elliptical-shape like deep well 47 that is dogged up in
the ground and its walls are
cemented in order to make it suitable to receive the power plant P and the
modular hydraulic compressor, the
power plant P that has 3 stages 46 with the driving shaft 41, the flywheel 42,
the Foucault-current
electromagnetic brake 43, the gearbox 44, the main electrical generator 45,
the pneumatic circuit that includes
the rotary transfer joints 18-A, the compressed air transfer pipes 18 that
transfers compressed air from the
compressed air tank 7 to the rotary transfer joints 18-A, the compressed air
tank 7, and the compressed air
transfer pipe 6 that transfers compressed air from the compressed air receiver
16 to the compressed air tank 7.


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

Figure 19 includes in addition the modular hydraulic air compressor, the air
inlet pipes 10, the elevated water
reservoir 1, and the up-take tail
pipe 3.

Figure 20 is a schematic front cross sectional view along line H-H of figure
19 including a modular hydraulic
air compressor coupled to the power plant P of patents no CA 2328580 or US
6990809. Figure 20 includes the
elevated water reservoir 1, the air/water mixing-head 9 that includes the air
inlet pipes 10, the air chamber 25,
the induction or siphon rings 28, the mixing passage 30, the induction head 31
that forms a sealed hollow
member which floats in the water within the lower part of the air and water
intake chamber 34 and has its lower
conical part 32 immersed therein. In addition figure 9 includes the down-take
head pipe 2, the lower end 2-A of
said down-take head pipe 2, the lower separating device 5 including its main
separating compartment 5-A and its
secondary separating compartment 5-B, the separating cone 12 that helps to
separate some air bubbles from the
air/water mix in the secondary separating compartment 5-B, the holding means
15 that affix the separating cone
12 in a central position far from the interior walls of the secondary
separating compartment 5-B at a well
predetermined height from the bottom of the lower separating device 5 that
allows the un-separated air/water
mix to flow easily to the lower compartment 12-A of the secondary separating
compartment 5-B of the lower
separating device 5, the horizontal baffle 14 that is placed between the
compressed air receiver 16 and the
separating cone 12, the compressed air transfer pipe 13 that transfers
compressed air from under the separating
cone 12 to the compressed air receiver 16 through well placed orifices 14-A in
the horizontal baffle 14, the lower
compartment 12-A of the secondary separating compartment 5-B, the inter-
communicating conical pipe 17 in
which the air/water mix is transferred from the bottom of the secondary
separating compartment 5-B into the
main separating compartment 5-A, the inlet 17-A and the outlet 17-B of said
inter-communicating conical pipe
17, the beginning 19 and the end 19-A of the run of the air/water mix in said
main separating compartment 5-A
where the air bubbles of the air/water mix are completely separated before
going upwardly to the compressed air
receiver 16, the air-free water's compartment 19-B where the inlet 3-A of the
up-take tail pipe 3 is placed, the
separations 21 of the separating chamber of the main separating compartment 5-
A that are placed in a way to let
the air/water mix to travel a longer distance in a loop from where it is
originally dropped by the outlet 17-B of
the inter-communicating conical pipe 17 to the intake 3-A of the up-take tail
pipe 3, the vertical baffle 20 with its
lower impenetrable barrier 20-A and its upper part that has horizontal pipe-
like passages 20-B in which air-free
water flows from the air/water separating chamber of the main separating
compartment 5-A to the air-free
water's compartment 19-B without whirling or forming vortexes in the
separating chamber, the up-take tail pipe
3, the water-transferring pump 4, the compressed air-transfer pipe 6, the
house valve 8 that has in addition a
pressure control valve that controls the compressed air discharge pressure of
said modular hydraulic air
compressor, the compressed air tank 7 in which compressed air is collected
before it is transferred to the rotary
transfer joint 18-A of said power plant P through the compressed air transfer
pipe 18, the compressed air
receiver 16 in which compressed air accumulates after being separated from
water before being transferred to the
31


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

power plant P through the pneumatic circuit that includes the compressed air
transfer pipe 6, the valve house 8,
the compressed air tank 7, the compressed air transfer pipe 18 and the rotary
transfer joint 18-A. More over
figure 20 shows the air-free water's run from the bottom of the air-free
water's compartment 19-B where the
water-transferring pump 4 sucks air-free water through the inlet 3-A in order
to transfer it to the elevated water
reservoir 1 where the same water starts another compressing cycle. Finally,
figure 20 includes the deep wel147
that is dogged up in the ground and its walls are cemented in order to make it
suitable to receiving the power
plant P and the modular hydraulic air compressor, the separation 48 that
separates between the lower separating
device 5 of the modular hydraulic air compressor and the power plant's pool P-
1 through which the lost energy
of the air compression process is transferred in order to heat up the power
plant pool's water that in turn heats up
the compressed air of the ascending containers of said power plant P.

Figure 21 is a schematic front cross sectional view along line H-H of figure
19 for a self-propelled energy
generator having water pump 4 that harnesses the kinetic energy of the speedy
down flowing air/water mix.
Figure 21 includes in addition of what was listed in figure 20 the water
turbine 11-A that harnesses the kinetic
energy of the down flowing air/water mix, the secondary electrical generator
11 that is run by the water turbine
11-A through the driving means 49, the housing 50 where the upright shaft 51
passes in order to transfer the
driving torque from the water turbine 11-A to the secondary electrical
generator 11 that is located on dry land.
Figure 22 is a schematic front cross sectional view along line H-H of figure
19 for a self-propelled energy
generator having a longer lower separating device 5 that goes under ground
from one side, in order to let the
air/water mix to travel a longer distance that gives enough time for the last
air bubbles to separate from water
and go upwardly to said compressed air receiver 16. Figure 21 includes in
addition of what was listed in figure
20, the section of the lower separating device 5 that is located in an
underground tunnel 52.

Figure 23 is a top view of a one-block self-propelled energy generator built
in a deep well including a modular
hydraulic air compressor having an extra air/water mixing devices 55 that are
affixed on the down-take head
pipe 2 between the main air/water mixing head 9 of the upper water reservoir 1
and the lower separating device
5. Figure 23 includes in addition of what was listed in figure 19, the air
inlet 53 through which atmospheric air
transits to the extra air/water mixing devices 55.

Figure 24 is enlarged cross sectional views of an extra air/water-mixing
device 55 including an air chamber 54
through which the down-take head pipe 2 passes. Figure 24 includes in addition
the upper and lower covers 54-A
and 54-B of the air chamber 54, the air inlet 53 in which atmospheric air
transits to said air chamber 54 through
an air control valve 57, the air nozzles 56 through which air enters from the
air chamber 54 into the down-take
head pipe 2 in order to add more air bubbles to the air/water mix that is
traveling downwardly to the lower
separating device 5, because at bigger depth the hydrostatic pressure of the
column of water that exists between
32


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

the water surfaces of the upper water reservoir 1 and the location where the
extra air/water mixing device is
affixed on the down-take head pipe 2, compresses the trapped air bubbles and
the down flowing air/water mix
becomes steadily air lean at bigger depth where a place for more air bubbles
becomes available. The extra air
bubbles that are added to the air/water mix help to increase the efficiency of
said modular hydraulic air
compressor 9.

Figure 25 is an enlarged cross sectional view of a venturi- type like extra
air/water mixing device 58 that can be
secured to the down-take head pipe 2 including the converging nozzle 59 of the
upper section of the down-take
head pipe 2 that ends the water inlet inside the vacuum chamber 60 which is
connected to the venturi 61 before
the diverging cone 62 that in turn is connected to the lower section of said
down-take head pipe 2. In addition
figure 25 includes the air inlet 53 in which atmospheric air transits to the
extra air/water-mixing device 58
through an air control valve 57. This vemturi-type like mixing device can be
used in addition as a main
air/water-mixing head for said modular hydraulic air compressor 9.

Figure 26 is a front cross sectional view along line I-I of figure 23. Figure
26 includes in addition of what was
listed in figure 20 the air inlet 53 in which atmospheric air transits to the
extra air/water mixing devices 55, the
extra air/water-mixing devices 55 including the air chamber 54 through which
the down-take head pipe 2 passes,
the upper and lower covers 54-A and 54-B of said air chamber 54, the air
nozzles 56 through which air enters
from the air chamber 54 into the down-take head pipe 2 in order to add more
air bubbles to the air/water mix that
is traveling downwardly to the lower separating device 5. More over figure 26
includes more than one extra
air/water-mixing head because the down-take head pipe 2 of this design is very
deep. At lower depth the
hydrostatic pressure of the column of water H that exists between the water
surfaces of the upper water reservoir
1 and the location where the extra air/water mixing device is affixed on the
down-take head pipe 2, compresses
the trapped air bubbles and the down flowing air/water mix becomes steadily
air lean at bigger depth where a
place for more air bubbles becomes available, that helps to increase the
efficiency of said modular hydraulic air
compressor 9.

Figure 27 is a front cross sectional view along line I-I of figure 23 for a
self-propelled energy generator having
in addition an air blower 63 that supplies the extra air/water-mixing device.
Figure 27 includes in addition of
what was listed in figure 20 and figure 26 the air blower 63 that can be used
to push more air into the air/water
mixing heads. Said air blower 63 can be run exclusively by the energy that can
be produced by said water
turbine 11-A which harnesses the kinetic energy of the fast down-flowing
air/water mix of said modular
hydraulic air compressor 9.

Figure 28 is a front view of a stopped modular hydraulic air compressor having
an extra air/water-mixing device
55. Figure 28 shows the water 53-A that invades the air inlet pipe 53 of the
extra air/water mixing head 55, up to
33


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

the same level that exists in the upper water reservoir 1 when the modular
hydraulic air compressor is not
working and the air control valve 57 is open.

Figure 29 is a front cross sectional view along line C-C of figure 3 of a
modular hydraulic air compressor
having a venturi-type like extra air/water mixing device 58. Figure 27
includes in addition of what was listed in
figure 9 the venturi- type like extra air/water mixing device 58 that is
secured to the down-take head pipe 2
including the converging nozzle 59 that ends the air/water mix's inlet inside
the vacuum chamber 60 which is
connected to the venturi 61 before the diverging cone 62 that in turn is
connected to the collar of the lower
section of the down-take head pipe 2. In addition figure 25 includes the air
inlet 53 in which atmospheric air
transits to the extra air/water-mixing device 58 through the air control valve
57.

Figure 30 is a schematic front cross sectional view along line H-H of figure
31 including a power plant P of
patents no CA2328580 or no US6990809, and a modular hydraulic air compressor
sharing same water of a same
pool P-1, but said same pool P-1 is divided by a separation 63 into two
compartments P-2 and P-3 that
communicate with each other from the bottom only through an opening 64 to
allowing to have hot water in
compartment P1 where the power plant P is located and colder water in
compartment P3 where said mixing head
9 of said modular hydraulic air compressor sucks its water through the water-
circulating pump 4. Figure 30
includes in addition a shorter up-take tail pipe 3 through which said water-
circulating pump 4 transfers hot water
from the lower separating device 5 of said modular hydraulic air compressor to
said compartment P2 where
compressed air expands inside the ascending containers of said power plant P.
More over figure 30 shows the
passage 64 where cold water enters through which from the lower bottom of
compartment P2 to compartment
P3.

Figure 31 is a top view of a one-block self-propelled energy generator having
the power plant of patents no
CA2328580 or no US6990809, and the modular hydraulic air compressor sharing
same water of the same pool
P-1. Figure 31 includes an elliptical-shape like deep well 47 that is dogged
up in the ground and its walls are
cemented in order to make it suitable to receive the power plant P with its
two compartments P-2 and P-3 that
are separated by the separation 63 and through which they communicate through
the opening 64 that is located in
the bottom of the pool P-1, the modular hydraulic air compressor, the power
plant P that has 3 stages 46 with the
driving shaft 41, the flywheel 42, the Foucault-current electromagnetic brake
43, the gearbox 44, the main
electrical generator 45, the pneumatic circuit that includes the rotary
transfer joints 18-A, the compressed air
transfer pipes 18 that transfers compressed air from the compressed air tank 7
to the rotary transfer joints 18-A,
the compressed air tank 7, and the compressed air transfer pipe 6 that
transfers compressed air from the
compressed air receiver 16 to the compressed air tank 7. Figure 19 includes in
addition the modular hydraulic air
compressor, the air inlet pipes 10, the mixing head 9, and the separation 63
that divides between the hot water of
compartment P2 and the cold water of compartment P3.

34


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

Figure 32 is a schematic front cross sectional view along line H-H of figure
31 for a self-propelled energy
generator having containers, upper and lower cogwheels of said power plant,
placed in a compartment in which
hot water of said modular hydraulic air compressor is transferred in order to
have a maximum heat-transfer
between hot water and colder compressed air during compressed air expansion
cycle. Figure 32 includes the
compartment 65 inside of which the power plant P is affixed, the lower
separating device 5, the up-take tail pipe
3, the main water-transferring pump 4, the water transferring pipes 70 through
which hot water is transferred
from the lower separating device 5 into pipe 66 of the compartment 65 in which
the ascending containers 75
move upwardly during the functioning of said self-propelled energy generator.
Figure 32 includes in addition
pipe 67 of the compartment 65 in which the descending containers move
downwardly toward the lower
cogwheel in order to start a new ascending cycle, the overflow 68 through
which water overflows from the
compartment 65 into the power plant's main pool P-2. Finally, figure 32
includes an opening 69 in the bottom of
said compartment 65 through which the water inside compartment 65 communicates
with the water of the power
plant's main pool P-2 that facilitates the water filling of the subject of the
present invention.

Figure 33 is an enlarged schematic front cross sectional view of ascending
containers of said power plant
showing water pump's system of each container that showers compressed air
during expansion cycle in order to
provide enough heat to said expanded compressed air. Figure 33 includes pipe
66 of the compartment 65 in
which the ascending containers 75 move upwardly during the functioning of said
self-propelled energy
generator, the water transferring pipes 70 through which hot water 70-A is
transferred from the lower separating
device 5 into pipe 66 of the compartment 65, the small water-transferring pump
71 that transfers hot water from
pipe 66 into the ascending container 75 through pipes 74 and 74-A, the gear 72
that operates said water
transferring-pump 71 through the cog-rail 73 when the ascending containers are
pushed upwardly during the
functioning of said self-propelled energy generator. In addition figure 33
includes the showering system 74-B,
and the hot water 74-C that showers the colder expanding compressed air 74-D.

Figure 34 is an enlarged schematic front cross sectional view of ascending
containers of said power plant
showing water pipe's system that replaces the water pump's system of each
container that showers compressed
air during expansion cycle in order to provide enough heat to said expanded
compressed air. Figure 34 includes
pipe 66 of the compartment 65 in which the ascending containers 75 move
upwardly during the functioning of
said self-propelled energy generator, the water transferring pipes 70 through
which hot water 70-A is transferred
from the lower separating device 5 into pipe 66 of the compartment 65, the
water-transferring pipe 76 that
transfers hot water from pipe 66 into the ascending container 75 through an
opening 76-A that is directed
upwardly in order to let water to entering pipes 76 and 74-A. In addition
figure 34 includes the showering
system 74-B, and the hot water 74-C that showers the colder expanding
compressed air 74-D.



CA 02548690 2007-06-01

It should be understood, of course, that this self-propelled energy generator
can be built from various materials
and in different dimensions according to the quantity of energy required. The
drawings do not show every step in
the construction of the present invention, but they set out the overall result
clearly.

Before starting said self-propelled energy generator that produces clean and
renewable energy, through potential
energy of compressed airflow and water's Perpetual Buoyant Force, all of its
components have to be in place.
Figures 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 and 34 show
self-propelled energy generators
that are used as examples to show the functioning of the present invention:

1- The pressure of the compressed air that is going to be used to run said
self-propelled energy
generator is predetermined in order to build the corresponding modular
hydraulic air compressor that
can produce such compressed air at the chosen discharge pressure in order to
be able to inject the
produced compressed airflow into the ascending containers of said power plant
P in bottom of said
pool A-1, while harnessing maximum output energy out of the preferred
apparatus.

2- The power of the needed self-propelled energy generator has to be well pre-
determined in order to
build accordingly an appropriate power plant P.

3- The height H of the column of water between the water surfaces of the upper
water reservoir 1 and
the lower separating device 5 that determines the right hydrostatic pressure
needed to compress the
air in the compressed air receiver, has to be well deterrnined in order to dig
the right circular or
elliptical-shape like deep well 47 that receives in its bottom the lower
separating device 5 of said
modular hydraulic air compressor which houses in addition the compressed air
receiver 16, and
above said lower separating device 5 the power plant's pool P-1 that contains
the power plant it-self
P with its upper and lower cogwheels, the endless-chain, the containers and
the pneumatic circuit
through which compressed air is transferred to the ascending containers of
said power plant p.

4- The driving wheel of the upper cogwheel of said power plant P receives on
one end a flywhee142 in
order to normalize the rotation of said power plant P, and on the other end a
Foucault-current
electromagnetic regulating brake 43 combined to a gearbox 44 that are mounted
to be used mainly to
normalize the rotation speed, and allow an overdrive speed for the main
electrical generator 45 that
is mounted last on this driving shaft 41, but on dry land.

5- The upper water reservoir 1 of said modular hydraulic air compressor is
built above the power
plant's pool P-1 in a way to let said down-take head pipe 2 and up-take tail
pipe 3 connecting
36


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

uprightly between the upper water reservoir 1 and the lower separating device
5. This upper water
reservoir 1 is built above said power plant's pool P-1 at a well studied
height H in order to create the
right hydrostatic pressure that is needed to compress the airflow at a
discharge pressure little higher
than the hydrostatic pressure that is in the bottom of the pool P-1, where the
compressed air is
injected into the ascending containers of said power plant, in order to
transfer effectively the
compressed air to said ascending containers while they are looping around the
lower cogwheel in
bottom of pool P-1.

6- The best and most effective air/water mixing head 9 is built and put in
place in the upper water
reservoir 1 at the collar 2-B of the down-take head pipe 2 in order to provide
the best air/water mix
to the apparatus in order to produce the bigger airflow that in turn permits
said self-propelled energy
generator to have the best possible efficiency out of the actual design. For
the functioning of the
present example a siphon-type like air/water mixing head is used.

7- The water-transferring pump 4 is placed in the up-take tail pipe 3 in order
to circulate water in a
looping path while transferring air-free water from the bottom of the air-free
water's compartment
19-B of the main separating compartment 5-A to the upper water reservoir 1,
that allows water to
flow downwardly from the upper water reservoir 1 through the down-take head
pipe 2 toward said
lower separating device 5 in order to replace the pumped water. This water-
circulation favours
atmospheric air to be entrained by the down flowing water through the down-
take head pipe 2 at a
high speed toward the lower separating device 5 where air bubbles are
separated and compressed by
the hydrostatic pressure of the column of water that exists between the water
surfaces of the upper
water reservoir 1 and the lower separating device 5. For this purpose and in
order to have the needed
results of said Modular Hydraulic Air Compressor, the surface of the section
of said down-take
head-pipe 2 has to be smaller than the one of the up-take tail pipe 3 and well
calculated that gives
the right speed for the down flowing air/water mix which is around 4 meters
per second, to allowing
maximum amount of air bubbles to mix with water and travel downwardly from
said air/water-
mixing head 9 to the lower separating device 5.

8- The pneumatic circuit that includes the compressed air transfer pipe 6, the
valve house 8, the
compressed air tank 7, the compressed air transfer pipes 18 and the rotary
transfer joints 18-A, is put
in place in order to transfer well studied compressed airflow from the
compressed air receiver 16 to
the ascending containers of said power plant P.

9- If said self-propelled energy generator is designed to harness the kinetic
energy of the down flowing
air/water mix, then a water turbine 11-A will be installed in the secondary
separating compartment
37


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

5-B and coupled through the best means to a secondary electrical generator 11.

10- If said self-propelled energy generator is designed to have a longer lower
separating device 5, than
an underground tunnel will be dogged as best shown in figure 22 in order to
build the designed
lower separating device 5.
11- If said self-propelled energy generator is designed to have extra mixing
heads, than these extra
mixing heads will be installed on the down-take head pipe 2 as best shown in
figure 26 or in figure
29 in order to produce a bigger airflow.

12- If said self-propelled energy generator is designed to have an air blower
63, then this air blower 63
will be installed according to the best possible design in order to be able to
push more air into the
mixing heads that in turn allow the modular hydraulic air compressor to
produce more compressed
air.

13- All of the control means of the apparatus will be in place in order to run
said self-propelled energy
generator according to plan without difficulties.

14- An outside source of energy will be connected to said water-transferring
pump 4 that helps to start
up and run the modular hydraulic air compressor until said power plant P of
patents no CA 2328580
or no US 6990809 will be running and producing energy at its full capacity.

15- Ones all of the components of said self-propelled energy generator are in
place, then we fill up the
modular hydraulic air compressor and the power plant's pool P-1 with water up
to the designed limit
as explained above.

16- If said self-propelled energy generator is designed to have a power plant
P of patents no CA2328580
or no US6990809, and a modular hydraulic air compressor sharing same water of
a same pool P-1,
than:

a. A separation 63 with an opening 64 has to be built in the pool P-1 in order
to separate
said pool P-1 in two compartments P2 and P3 and make the communication between
both compartments P-2 and P-3 just in the bottom of said pool P-1 through the
opening
64.
b. The mixing head 9 will be installed in compartment P-3.
c. The tail pipe 3 will be short and the water transferring pump will be
connected to it in
order to transfer hot water from the lower separating device 5 of said modular
hydraulic
38


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

air compressor to said compartment P-2 where said power plant P is located in
order to
heat up the compressed air during its expansion in order to close up the cycle
of the
isothermal compression cycle of said modular hydraulic air compressor.
d. The well will be deeper in order to have enough depth that permits to
produce the
needed compressed airflow for the good functioning of said power plant P.
e. If needed too, a cooling system of the heart of said separating device 5
would be
installed in order to transfer the excess heat to the water of compartment P-
2.
f. Water will be put in the apparatus and the level of said water will be the
same in said
compartments P-2 and P-3 of said pool P-1.

17- If said self-propelled energy generator is designed to have a power plant
P of patents no CA2328580
or no US6990809, having a compartment in which the power plant of said self-
propelled energy
generator is installed, and a hot water shoring system for the imprisoned
expanding compressed air
of the ascending containers, than:

a. The power plant P will be installed into a pool inside a compartment 65
made out of
material that insulate between hot water of the inside part of said
compartment 65 and
colder water of the main pool P-2 of said power plant P.
b. The pipe 66 inside of which ascending containers move upwardly, and pipe 67
inside of
which descending containers move downwardly during the functioning of the
apparatus,
will be built according to the design.
c. A hot water showering system for every container will be built according to
the design
that includes a small water-transferring pump 71, an intake pipe 74, an out-
take pipe 74-A,
a shower 74-B, a gear 72 and an affixed cog-rail 73. If the hot water
showering system for
every container has a water transferring-pipe instead of a small water
transferring-pump,
then, a pipe 76 that has its intake 76-A directed upwardly, an out-take pipe
74-A and a
shower 74-B, will be built according to the design
d. Hot water transferring-pipes 70 between the main water-transferring pump 4
of said
modular hydraulic air compressor and pipe 66 of said compartment 65, will be
built
according to the design in order to transfer hot water 70-A coming from the
lower
separating device 5 through pump 4 to pipe 66 at different heights, in order
to provide a
best hot surrounding to all ascending containers 75 that permits an ideal heat
transfer
between hot water and colder expanding compressed air of said ascending
containers.

39


CA 02548690 2007-06-01
Operation of the invention

1- Once all of the components are in place, then said self-propelled energy
generator is ready to run.

2- The water-transferring pump 4 is put in motion slowly until the down
flowing water reaches the right
predetermined down flowing speed, preferably before allowing atmospheric air
into the air chamber 25 of
said mixing head 9.

3- Air is then allowed to go into the air chamber 25, then the down flowing
water will start entraining air
bubbles and forming an air/water mix that flows downwardly to the secondary
separating compartment 5-B
through the down-take head pipe 2.

4- When the air/water mix hits the separating cone 12, some air bubbles will
separate from water and flow
backwardly through the orifices 14-A of the horizontal baffle 14 into the
compressed air receiver 16.

5- The air/water mix which already lost some air bubbles continuous to flow
downwardly to the lower
compartment 12-A of the secondary separating compartment 5-B through the space
that exists between the
separating cone 12 and the walls of said secondary separating compartment 5-B.

6- Some air bubbles separate under the separating cone 12 and flow backwardly
to the compressed air receiver
16 through the compressed air transfer pipe 13 and the orifices 14-A of the
horizontal baffle 14.

7- From the bottom of the lower compartment 12-A of the secondary separating
compartment 5-B the
remaining air/water mix enters the inter-communicating conical pipe 17 through
the inlet 17-A and exits
from the outlet 17-B into the beginning 19 of the run of the air/water mix in
said main separating
compartment 5-A.

8- The separated air bubbles rise to the compressed air receiver 16 while the
remaining bubbles of the air/water
rnix start their looping run in the separating chamber from the beginning 19
to the end 19-A which is drawn
by the separations 21.

9- By the end 19-A of the separating chamber of the main separating
compartment 5-A, all of the air bubbles of
the air/water mix are completely separated from water and air-free water flows
from the air/water separating
chamber to the air-free water's compartment 19-B through the horizontal pipe-
like passages 20-B of said
baffle 20 without whirling or forming vortexes in the separating chamber.



CA 02548690 2007-06-01

10- The air-free water of the compartment 19-B enters the inlet 3-A of up-take
tail pipe 3 while it is sucked by
the water-transferring pump 4 in order to be transferred to the upper water
reservoir 1 where the same water
starts another compressing cycle.

11- The hydrostatic pressure of the column of water that exists in the water
column H between the water
surfaces of the upper water reservoir 1 and the lower separating device 5,
compresses the accumulated air in
the compressed air receiver 16.

12- The pre-adjusted pressure control valve of the valve house 8 determines
the needed airflow discharge
pressure.

13- One major issue has to be respected before letting the compressed air to
go to the air tank 7, is to make sure
that the compressed air receiver 16 is first filled up with compressed air at
the desired discharge pressure,
and then only then is the compressed air tank 7 filled. If the air tank 7 was
allowed to fill at the same time as
the compressed air receiver 16, a sorry mess it would be, instead of a tank
full of compressed air we would
have a tank full of water.

14- In order to harness maximum energy out the potential energy of the
compressed air, the power plant pool's
water has to be hot enough, thus, the compressed air will be given during its
expansion in said ascending
containers during their ascending run from the lower cogwheel to the upper
cogwheel, all or almost all of the
heat that was expelled during the compression cycle of said air in order to
close the isothermal
compression's cycle. The power plant pool's water is then heated previously or
will be heated by the lost
heat of the compression process that flows upwardly from the lower separating
device 5 to the pool's water
through the separation 48.

15- If the power plant pool's water is heated before the start up of the power
plant P, then we have to wait until
the water's temperature reaches the right temperature, then the power plant P
will be started while
compressed airflows to its ascending containers through the compressed air
transfer pipes 18, and the rotary
transfer joints 18-A. Thus, after the start up of said power plant, the power
plant pool's water will be heated
normally by the lost heat of the compression process of said modular hydraulic
air compressor through the
separation 48.

16- If the power plant pool's water is heated by the lost heat of the
compression process of said modular
hydraulic air compressor that flows upwardly from the lower separating device
5 to the pool's water through
the separation 48 or through a cooling system of said modular hydraulic air
compressor. Thus, we start up
the power plant P while compressed airflow is transferred to its ascending
containers through the
41


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

compressed air transfer pipes 18, and the rotary transfer joints 18-A, while
we wait until the temperature of
the pool's water reaches an acceptable limit in order to reach the production
of a maximum amount of
energy out of the potential energy of the compressed air.

17- During the ascending run of every ascending container from the lower
cogwheel to the upper driving
cogwheel, the imprisoned compressed air expands and pushes in addition more
water out of the
corresponding ascending container. The weight of the displaced water of all
ascending containers of said
power plant P is equal to the buoyant force that creates the driving torque of
the power plant P, through the
driving radius that is equal to the sum of the upper driving wheel's radius,
of the container's radius and of
the endless chain's thickness.

18- The flywheel 42 will regulate the rotation of the power plant P, and the
Foucault-current electromagnetic
brake 43 will regulate the rotation speed of the driving shaft 41.

19- Because the rotation speed of the power plant's driving shaft is very
slow, then the use a gearbox is
necessary in order to run the main electrical generator 45 at a right
overdriven speed which is suitable for the
maximum production of electrical energy by the actual design.

20- When said self-propelled energy generator will be fully in operation and
the output energy production is at
its maximum, then the output source of energy that supplies the motor of said
water-transferring pump 4 of
said modular hydraulic air compressor, will be cut off while the energy supply
to said water-transferring
pump's motor will be taken from the energy that is produced by said power
plant, and the rest of that
produced energy goes to supply an electrical grid that in turn supplies
households and businesses.

21- If said self-propelled energy generator is designed to harness the kinetic
energy of the down flowing
air/water mix. Than when the down flowing air/water mix exits the lower end 2-
A of the down-take head
pipe 2, it hits the paddles of the water turbine 11-A and puts said turbine in
motion while some air bubbles
leave the air/water mix to flow backwardly into the compressed air receiver 16
through the orifices 14-A of
the horizontal baffle 14. The rotation of the water turbine 11-A is then
transferred to a secondary electrical
generator 11 which can easily be located on dry land, through appropriate
transmission means.

22- If the modular hydraulic air compressor of said self-propelled energy
generator is designed to have a longer
lower separating device 5 in order to give enough time for the air bubbles of
said air/water mix to separate,
then an underground tunnel 52 will be dogged as best shown in figure 22.

42


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

23- If said self-propelled energy generator is designed to have extra
air/water mixing devices the following will
happen:

1- With an extra air/water mixing device 55 having air nozzles 56:

a- The air control valve 57 will be closed all the time needed to start up
said modular hydraulic air
compressor 9.

b- When the modular hydraulic air compressor will be running properly then we
open the control
valve 57.

c- After the opening of said air control valve 57 the suction that is created
by the down flowing
air/water mix, creates a vacuum in the air chamber 54 through the air nozzles
56.

d- The water that is present in the air-transferring pipe 53 will be sucked
first into the down-take
head pipe 2, and atmospheric air will follow and enters into the down-take
head pipe 2 through
the air nozzles 56.

e- More air bubbles will be added to the air/water mix that is traveling
downwardly to the lower
separating device 5, because at bigger depth the hydrostatic pressure of the
column of water that
exists between the water surfaces of the upper water reservoir 1 and the
location where the extra
air/water mixing device is affixed on the down-take head pipe 2, compresses
the trapped air
bubbles and the down flowing air/water mix becomes steadily air leaner at
bigger depth where a
place for more air bubbles becomes available, that helps to increase the
efficiency of said
modular hydraulic air compressor 9.

f- More extra air/water mixing devices 55 will be installed on very long down-
take head pipes 2
that help to increase even more the compressed airflow of said modular
hydraulic air
compressor.

2- With an extra mixing head having a venturi- type like extra air/water
mixing device 58:

a- The air control valve 57 will be closed all the time needed to start up
said modular hydraulic air
compressor 9.

b- When the modular hydraulic air compressor will be running properly then we
open the control
43


CA 02548690 2007-06-01
valve 57

c- The vacuum that is created in the chamber 60 through the venturi 61 and by
the diverging cone
62, sucks the water that is present in the air transferring pipe 53 into the
down take head pipe 2,
and atmospheric air will follow and enters into the vacuum chamber 60.

d- Air bubbles will be added and mixed to the down flowing air/water mix in
the vacuum chamber
60.

e- Air/water mix having more air bubbles, will flow downwardly to the lower
separating device 5
through the venturi 61, the diverging cone 62 and the down-take head pipe 2.

f- The same way as described above, more extra air/water mixing devices 58
will be installed on
very long down-take head pipes, that helps to increase even more the
compressed airflow of said
modular hydraulic air compressor.

24- If said self-propelled energy generator is designed to have an air blower
63, than this air blower will be
installed according to the best possible design in order to be able to push
more air into the mixing heads that
in turn allow the modular hydraulic air compressor to produce even more
compressed air. This air blower
can be run by the produced energy of said water turbine 11-A if the apparatus
is designed to have such a
turbine.

25- Said self-propelled energy generator will keep running indefinitely and
producing energy as long as the
apparatus is in a good functional situation or if we don't stop it
voluntarily.

26- If said self-propelled energy generator is designed to have a power plant
P of patents no CA2328580 or no
US6990809, and a modular hydraulic air compressor sharing same water of a same
pool P-1, the following
will happen:

a- The water-transferring pump 4 will be transferring water from said
separating device 5 into said
compartment P-2.

b- Water will go from compartment P-2 to compartment P-3 through the opening
64 then to the
mixing head 9 in order to entrain air bubbles downwardly toward the secondary
separating
device 5-B.

44


CA 02548690 2007-06-01

c- The compressed air production will be as explained above.

d- The advantage of this design is to bring hot water to the area where
compressed air is expanding
inside the ascending containers of said power plant, that makes it easy for
the isothermal
compression to be performed where the lost heat of the air compression process
will be given
back easily to the same compressed air during its expansion.

g- Normally cold water goes to the bottom of pool P-1, that is why the
communication between
compartments P-2 and P-3 is done in the bottom of said pool P-1, that allows
cold water to go to
the mixing head 9 in order to start a new compressing cycle.

27- If said self-propelled energy generator is designed to have power plant of
patents no CA2328580 or no
US6990809 affixed inside a compartment including a half- sphere shape in its
lower part where the lower
cogwheel is located, two pipes where the ascending containers move upwardly in
one pipe and the
descending containers move downwardly in the second pipe, and an open upper
part that permits water to
overflow from said compartment to the power plant's main pool, the following
will happen:

a- The main water-transferring pump 4 will be transferring hot water 70-A from
said lower
separating device 5 into pipe 66 of said compartment 65 through pipes 70.
b- The ascending containers 75 will be moving in a hot surrounding in order to
provide the needed
heat for their imprisoned expanding compressed air 74-D.
c- If hot water is transferred to the inside of the ascending container by a
small water-transferring
pump 71, then the gear 72 of the pump 71 will turn because of the affixed cog-
rail 73 that allows
said pump 71 to suck hot water from pipe 66 and then to transfer it to the
inside of the ascending
container 75 through pipe 74-A and the shower 74-B.
d- If hot water is transferred to the inside of the ascending container by a
water transferring-pipe
76, then hot water enters the intake 76-A of said pipe 76 in order to be
transferred to the shower
74-B through pipe 74-A.
e- Hot water 74-C will shower the expanding compressed air 74-D in order to
provide the needed
heat for the isothermal expansion process of said compressed air 74-D that
permits to close up
effectively the isothermal compression cycle of said self-propelled energy
generator the subject
of the present invention.

In summary, the main advantage of this invention is to produce clean and
renewable energy at a large scale
without any problem and at a very low cost, anywhere in the world including
cities, remote areas, mountains or
deserts.



CA 02548690 2007-06-01

It should be understood, of course, that the foregoing disclosure relates to
only a preferred embodiment of the
invention, and that it is intended to cover all changes, and modifications of
the example of the invention herein
chosen, for the purposes of the disclosure, which do not constitute departures
from the spirit and scope of the
invention.

46

Representative Drawing
A single figure which represents the drawing illustrating the invention.
Administrative Status

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Administrative Status

Title Date
Forecasted Issue Date Unavailable
(22) Filed 2006-06-05
Examination Requested 2007-06-27
(41) Open to Public Inspection 2007-08-05
Dead Application 2011-06-06

Abandonment History

Abandonment Date Reason Reinstatement Date
2008-06-05 FAILURE TO PAY APPLICATION MAINTENANCE FEE 2009-06-05
2010-06-07 FAILURE TO PAY APPLICATION MAINTENANCE FEE

Payment History

Fee Type Anniversary Year Due Date Amount Paid Paid Date
Application Fee $200.00 2006-06-05
Advance an application for a patent out of its routine order $500.00 2007-06-27
Request for Examination $400.00 2007-06-27
Reinstatement: Failure to Pay Application Maintenance Fees $200.00 2009-06-05
Maintenance Fee - Application - New Act 2 2008-06-05 $50.00 2009-06-05
Maintenance Fee - Application - New Act 3 2009-06-05 $50.00 2009-06-05
Owners on Record

Note: Records showing the ownership history in alphabetical order.

Current Owners on Record
ABOU-RAPHAEL, AFIF
Past Owners on Record
None
Past Owners that do not appear in the "Owners on Record" listing will appear in other documentation within the application.
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Abstract 2006-06-05 1 29
Description 2006-06-05 46 2,543
Claims 2006-06-05 10 459
Drawings 2006-06-05 26 862
Abstract 2007-01-19 1 27
Description 2007-01-19 46 2,740
Claims 2007-01-19 10 515
Drawings 2007-01-19 29 965
Abstract 2007-06-01 1 27
Description 2007-06-01 46 2,763
Claims 2007-06-01 10 519
Drawings 2007-06-01 29 982
Cover Page 2007-08-22 2 67
Representative Drawing 2007-08-22 1 30
Claims 2007-09-18 10 501
Prosecution-Amendment 2008-04-22 5 274
Prosecution-Amendment 2007-01-19 87 4,259
Correspondence 2006-07-05 1 14
Assignment 2006-06-05 3 63
Prosecution-Amendment 2007-06-01 1 19
Prosecution-Amendment 2007-06-01 87 4,335
Prosecution-Amendment 2007-06-05 1 17
Prosecution-Amendment 2007-06-27 1 31
Prosecution-Amendment 2007-07-05 1 12
Prosecution-Amendment 2007-08-06 1 16
Prosecution-Amendment 2007-09-11 4 172
Prosecution-Amendment 2007-09-18 19 1,010
Prosecution-Amendment 2008-02-15 7 392
Prosecution-Amendment 2008-02-19 6 345
Prosecution-Amendment 2008-04-21 15 907
Fees 2009-06-05 4 181
Correspondence 2010-09-01 2 128
Correspondence 2011-04-05 3 290
Prosecution-Amendment 2011-05-26 1 15
Correspondence 2011-05-26 2 53